Michel Thomas v3 - German Course [Deutsch]-WITHOUT ANSWERS [Foundation + Advance]- Audio Transcript

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Michel Thomas v3 – Deutsch Course Foundation [8CDs] + Advance [4CDs]

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Noun: - any word where you can place the ‘article The’ in front is a Noun. E.g the happiness, the situation, the opportunity. Rule – Deutsch – All nouns are capitalized no-matter where they appear in the sentence. Verb: - any word where you can place the ‘to’ in front is a verb. To be, to have, to see, to show etc. Adjective: - any word where you can place the ‘am or is’ in front is an adjective. Happy, proud, possible.

German Alphabets – 30 Alphabets [consonants]

I Me My/Mine You We Us They Them/theirs He Her/Their/Your She Himself/herself/itself/yourself I am

Ich mich meine [formal] Sie | [Informal] du Ihnen Wir Uns Sie/Die er Sie sich Ich bin

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Verbs - Vocabulary To drink To do To eat To come To see To go To hear To want To stay To understand To stand To find To bring To have To suffer To have to (must) To be able to To give To smoke To need To be To arrive To say/To tell To wait To buy To sell To know To ask To feel To wash To hurry [German EQUV.] To hurry oneself To interest To organise To specialise To call To call on phone To speak To study To try To search/ To Seek/ To look for To live/to reside To work To Let/allow To repair To clean To go away To go out

5 To go (for driving) To take off (in traveling) Departure To depart/to part/to leave To go away (travelling away) To go through To walk through To think To believe To hope To call To call (on phone) To catch To make To make close To change ones place | To move house | move To pull To pull on To place over |lay over To Come over To think over | consider | think about | ponder | rethink To take To take it out To put in To put inside To lie | to put To go outside To get To arrive To go get it again | To fetch again | To pickup again | To collect again To repeat | to reiterate To fetch | To get To pickup | To collect | To fetch | To go get it To Come over To place over |lay over To take To go outside To come right in To pull To pull To pull on To pull out | move-out | Remove | evacuate | undress To change ones place | To move house | move To pull through To lock To lock it up To lock the door To make To make close

6 To open the door To catch To start/To begin/To catch-on To call To call (on phone) To hope To read To laugh To go back To come back To organise To specialise To control To look for/To Seek Search | Find | try To try To prepare | Setup To succeed To let To leave (leaving something behind) To leave (going away) To wash To clean To get/To become [getting/becoming] To go To go away To travel (via train,bus,plane etc) [not by foot] To get up | To stand up To put in lying Position To put [have] in standing Position To put in sitting Position | To be sitting To quiet To take rest [To quiet oneself out] To mean | To signify | To imply To send To receive To hold To Stop To stop holding on To Keep To hear To belong To answer To remember To live To live/To reside in a place To eat To play | To play (an instruement) To play the piano To come back to try

7 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to

catch start go go away come come back listen belong get used to it remember remember [at] it open open (make open) close (make close) build come along get, to receive tear travel tear something off tear into pieces break fall make laugh work say ask play open close try try on cover discover go (not on foot) step step in step on (the sTagen) step off

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Question Forms what Why When Where Where [to] How Which Who how much how many How long At What time (At how much hour) If [if it does not implies ‘whether’] If [if it implies ‘whether’]

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I can Can I I cannot Can you Why can’t you I am I want | I want to I want to know You want | You want to You don’t want | You don’t want to I don’t want |I don’t want to We want| We want to I don’t know | I don’t know it It does It does not Why don’t you What do you want | What do you want to Why don’t you want to I have Have I | Do I have | Do I have to I have not | I don’t have I must (have to) We have to (must) You have to | You must (have to) We have We have not You have You have not Do you have Why don’t you have | Why havn’t you When do you have to I am going to | I will I am going to be | I will I would like OR I may OR I might want Do you want [Will you/Will you please] Will You Will you Please

10 Would you please Can you When do you want For me For you For you [Informal] With me With you I would like | I would like to I might want | I might want to I wish | I wish to I would like to know With us I can He/She/it can It can be I will He/She will It will You will We will I would He/She/it You would We would I am You are We are He/she/it We can You/they can Can you I Can, He can, She can, It can,

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Handlers in Deutsch – Part 1 Can = Kann I/He/She/it can = Ich/er/Sie/es kann You/We/They = Sie/Wir/Die können You [informal] can = du kannst Could (was able to) = konnte/konntest/konnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die konnten You [informal] could = Du konntest Could (is able to) = könnte/könntest/könnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es könnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die könnten You [informal] could = Du könntest ‘did’ konnte/Konnten can be used also did = konnte/Konnten I/He/She/it did = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte We/you/They did = Wir/Sie/Die konnten Have/Has = habe/hat/hast/haben I have = Ich habe He/She/it has = Er/Sie/es hat You/We/They have = Sie/Wir/Die haben You [informal] have = du hast To have to (must) = müss/müssen I He/She/it must (have to) = Ich er/Sie/es müss You/We/They must (have to) = Sie/Wir/Die müssen You [informal] must (have to) = du müsst Had = hatte/hatten I/ He/She/it had = Ich/er/Sie/es hatte You/We/They had = Sie/Wir/Die hatten You [informal] had = du hattst Could have [may have] = had = hätte/ hätten + können I/ He/She/it Could have [may have] = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + können You/We/They Could have [may have] = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + können You [informal] Could have [may have] = du hättst + können Had to = musste/mussten I/he/she/it had to = Ich/er/Sie/es musste You/We/They had to = Sie/Wir/Die mussten

12 Want [Will you please] = Will I/he/She/it want = Ich/er/Sie/es will You/We/They want = Sie/Wir/Die Wollen You [informal] want = du willst Wanted = wollte/wollten I/He/She/it wanted = ich/er/Sie/es wollte You/We/They wanted = Sie/Wir/Die wollten Shall/Should = solle/sollen I/He/She/it shall/should = Ich/er/Sie/es solle You/We/They shall/should = Sie/Wir/Die sollen You [informal] shall/should = du sollst Should {was supposed to} = solle/sollten I/He/She/it should{was supposed to} = Ich/er/Sie/es sollte You/We/They should{was supposed to} = Sie/Wir/Die sollten You [informal] should{was supposed to} = du solltst Should have = hätte/ hätten + sollen I/He/She/it should have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + sollen You/We/They should have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + sollen You [informal] should have = du hättst + sollen Would have = hätte/ hätten I/ He/She/it would have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte You/We/They would have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten You [informal] would have = du hättst May/to be allowed to = durfe/durfen I may { to be allowed to } = Ich/er/Sie/es durfe You/We/They may {to be allowed to} = Sie/Wir/Die durfen Will/going to = Werde/Wird/werdest/Werden I will = Ich Werde He/She/it will = Er/Sie/Es wird You/We/They will = Sie/Wir/Die werden You [informal] will/going to = Du weirdest Would = würde/würdest/würden I/He/She/it would = Ich würde You/We/They would = Sie/Wir/Die würden You [informal] would = Du würdest Would like/may/Might want = möchte/ möchten I/He/She/it would = Ich möchte You/We/They would = Sie/Wir/Die möchten

13 Was/were = war/waren I/He/She/it was = Ich/er/Sie/es war You/We/They were = Sie/Wir/Die waren You [informal] were= du warst Was getting | was becoming = wurde I/He/She/it was getting = Ich/er/Sie/es wurde You/We/They were getting = Sie/Wir/Die wurden You [informal] were getting g= du wurdest Would be [might be] = wäre Would have | would have been = wäre I/He/She/it would be [might be] = Ich/er/Sie/es wäre You/We/They would be [might be] = Sie/Wir/Die wären You [informal] would be [might be] = du wärest Is being/is getting = wird + ge [PAST TENSE] it is being | it is getting= Es wird + [PAST TENSE] Was being/was getting = wurde + ge [PAST TENSE] it was being | it was getting = Es wurde + [PAST TENSE]

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Handlers in Deutsch – Part 2 Could have [may have] = had = hätte/ hätten + können I/ He/She/it Could have [may have] = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + können You/We/They Could have [may have] = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + können You [informal] Could have [may have] = du hättst + können Would have = had = hätte/ hätten + können I/ He/She/it would have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + können You/We/They would have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + können You [informal] would have = du hättst + können Should have = hätte/ hätten + sollen I/He/She/it should have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + sollen You/We/They should have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + sollen You [informal] should have = du hättst + sollen Would have [Had] wanted = hätte/ hätten + wollen I/He/She/it would have wanted = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + wollen You/We/They would have wanted = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + wollen You [informal] would have wanted = du hättst + wollen

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PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST TENSE There are 3-types of diving boards used in Deutsch ‘To have’ [haben] Diving Board (PAST) – we will be using the following forms of verbs:-

haben + ge (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending haben + ‘t’ ending haben + ge Verbs that use ‘haben’ diving board To buy = Kaufen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gekauft [bought] To make = machen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gemacht [made] To laugh = lachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gelacht [laughed] To say/To tell = sagen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesagt [said/told] To ask = fragen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gefragt [asked] To wait = warten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gewartet [waited] To search/To Look for = suchen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesucht [searched/looked for] To smoke = rauchen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geraucht [smoked] To please (joy) = freuen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gefreut [pleased/joyED/was a pleasure] To know = wissen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gewusst [knew/known] To sit down = setzen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesetz [Sat Down] To lie down [lying down] = legen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gelegt [Lied Down] To take rest = Sich ausruhen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = aus-ge-ruht To send = senden | Schicken = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geschickt [Sent] To keep = behalten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gehalten [kept] To hear = hören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gehört [heard] To listen/to hear = hören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] gehört [listened/heard] To listen to something = anhören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] Angehört [listened/heard to something] To answer = Antwort/antworten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Beantwortet | geantwortet [answered] To start = Anfangen | beginnen |Starten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gestartet/begonnen To belong = Gehören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Gehört [belonged] To get used to [at it] = sich gewöhnen daran [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = sich gewöhrt daran [got used to it [at it]] To open = öffnet = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geöffnet [opened] To open (make open) = Aufmachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = aufgemacht [Opened (made open)] To close (make close) = Zumachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Zugemacht [closed (made close)] To build = bauen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gebaut [built] To learn = lernen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] gelehrt [learnt/learned] To work = arbeiten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gearbeitet [worked] To play = spielen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gespielt [Played] With all the verbs that end in ‘eren’ there is only ‘t’ ending

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sell = verkaufen = [‘t’ ending Only] = verkauft [sold] repair = reparieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = repariert [repaired] interest = InteresSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = InteresSiert [interested] organise = organiSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = organiSiert [organised] specialise = spezialiSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = spezialiSiert [specialised] control = kontrollieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = kontrolliert [controller] hurry = sich beeilen = [‘t’ ending Only] = beeilte [hurried] try = versuchen = [‘t’ ending Only] = versucht [tried] remember = erinnern [‘t’ ending Only] = erinnert [Remembered] cover = decken = [‘t’ ending Only] bedeck [covered] discover = Entdecken = [‘t’ ending Only] entdeckt [discovered]

To see = sehen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gesehen [saw/seen] To find = finden = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefunden [found] To leave = lassen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gelassen [left/departed] To sleep = schlafen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = geschlafen [slept] To call = rufen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gerufen [called] To call(on phone) Called (on phone) = Anrufen |telefonieren [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = An-ge-rufen [Called on phone] To catch = fangen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefangen [caught] To do = tun = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] getan [Done] To break = Brechen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gebrochen [broke/broken] To fall = fallen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefallen [fell/fallen] ……………………………………………………….. = runtergefallen [Fell down] ……………………………………………………….. = rausgefallen [Fell out] ……………………………………………………….. = reingefallen [Fell in] ……………………………………………………….. = rübergefallen [Fell over] To close = Schließen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = Geschlossen [closed] To lock = schleusen =[‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = zugeschlossen [locked (with a key)] ……………………………………………………….. = aufgeschlossen [Opened with a key] ……………………………………………………….. = Eingeschlossen [locked in | locked in a prison] IRREGULAR VERBS [when diving into PAST TENSE] To understand = verstehen = verstanden [Understood] To receive = Erhalten | bekommen = erhalten | Bekommen [got it/received] To start = beginnen = begonnen [began/begun] To come along = Mitkommen = Mit-ge-kommen [came along] To tear = Reißen = zerrissen [tore/torn] to tear something off = Abreisen = abgerissen [Torn off] To tear into pieces = Zerreißen = Zerreissen [torn/torn off into pieces] ‘To Be’ [sind] Diving Board (PAST)

Verbs that use this diving board (Verbs of ‘coming’ and ‘going’) – Verbs of

Change There are only a handful of verbs that use ‘To Be’ Diving board when talking in past Mostly refers to some sort of ‘change in position’ To go = gehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gegangen [went/Gone] To come = kommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gekommen [came]

17 To come back = Zurück-kommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Zurück ge-kommen [Came Back] To go away = Weggehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Weg-gegangen [Went away] To go away = fortgehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = fort-gegangen [Went away/departed/left] To go back = Zurück gehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Zurück-gegangen [Went back] To arrive = ankommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = angekommen [Arrived/Reached] To stay = bleiben = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = geblieben [Stayed] To travel = Fahren [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gefahren [travelled] To stand = aufstehen [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gestehenden [got up/stood up] To go [travelling] (NOT on foot) = fahren = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gefahren [went Travel (NOT on foot)]

‘Werden’ Diving Board – Usage of “Worden & Geworden”

To get/To become [getting/becoming] = Werde/Wird/werdest/Werden

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Disc # 1/8 – Foundation Course English German Germany Austria Vienna Good Morning Welcome You are welcome (You’re welcome) Wish/To Wish To Learn Learnt/learned Very Very quickly Good Very good Rule: Deutsch - String # 1/3 – ‘D’ String

The Englisch letter ‘D’ may change to ‘T’ E.g Good = gut The Englisch letter ‘S’ may change to ‘T’ E.g is = ist and ‘T’ to ‘Th’ There is no ‘Th’ sound either it sounds as ‘T’ OR ‘Th’ becomes ‘S’ and also becomes ‘z’ Rule: Deutsch - String # 2/3 – ‘B’ String

The Englisch letter “B” it is close to “P” Or becomes “Ph” The Englisch letter “F” pronounced as “V” There is no “W” sound in German. “W” is pronounced as “V”. Rule: Deutsch - String # 2/3 – ‘G’ String

The Englisch letter “G” it is close to “Gh” Or becomes “Ch” or becomes “K” or becomes “Ck” The Englisch letter “Y” becomes “G” Rule: Deutsch – “T” Gang Rule

He/She/it – with verbs have ‘T’ ending Rule: Deutsch Pronounciations

Deutsch “U” is pronounced as Englisch “Double o” Rule: Deutsch Verb Endings

English ‘To’ form is repaced with ‘en’ or ‘n’ OR Most of the verb endings are ‘en’ or ‘n’ it is It is It is good What

19 Water To drink Do you want [Will you/Will you please] What do you want What do you want to drink To eat What do you want to eat To do What do you want to do To come Do you want to come With me Rule: Deutsch 2nd Verb at the end placement

Whenever there are two verbs, the last verb gets thrown at the end of the sentence Do you want to come with me today Do you want to come with me today Evening Good evening This evening [Today evening]/Tonight Do you want to come with me this evening Do you want [Will you/Will you please] come with me tonight To be when Here When do you want to be here Can you Can you come with me Please Will you please come with me Do you want to come with me Yes No When do you want to come with me To see Good bye See again [See you] Seeing you again [This phrase is not used when on Phone/ending phone call] Until I see you again To hear To hear again Until I hear you again [This phrase is used when on Phone/ending phone call] Rule: Deutsch – “T” Gang Rule

He/She/it – with verbs have ‘T’ ending When do you want to see it Can you see it I can

20 I want | I want to You want | You want to If When do you want If you want Rule: Deutsch – “You/We” [Sie/Wir] verb endings are the same i.e full verb is used Sie wollen | Wir wollen

We want | We want to You come | You are coming We come | We are coming Are you coming | Do you come When are you coming | When do you come Rule: Deutsch – “I”[Ich] verb endings – ‘n’ is dropped from full verbs

To come = Kommen => I come = Ich Komme I come | I am coming Soon I am coming soon To stay We stay | We are staying | We do stay We stay here | We are staying here We are staying here today We are staying here this evening/tonight You stay | Youare staying You stay here | You are staying here You are staying here this evening/tonight Are you staying | Do you stay Are you staying here | Do you stay here Are you staying here this evening/tonight How To go We go | We are going You go | You are going Are you going | Do you go I go | I am going Not now Not now I want to see it But I want to see it but not now Can you see it I can see it I cannot see it I cannot see you To understand We understand We dont understand We dont understand it We understand you We dont understand you We dont understand you very well

21 Do you understand Do you understand it Me Do you understand me Don’t you understand me Can you understand me Good, well Beautiful, nice, lovely, pretty, fine, great, beauty Very More Very good Very well Rule: Deutsch Pronounciations

When ‘prolonging’ or ‘stretched out’ the word, in deutsch you add ‘h’ or double the consonant. Middle Sea/ocean The middle sea More It is very good I can I can not I can not understand you To me It does I am sorry [It does me sorry] but I am sorry but I am sorry but I cannot understand you We are staying here We are not staying here Long We cannot stay here long How long How long can you stay here I must (have to) I must see it I must stay here But I cannot stay here long But I cannot stay here long I must go soon Rule: Deutsch – There are two ways to express ‘Me’ depending on how to use it

If, Me -> To me = mir If, does not imply -> to me = mich Do you understand me To find You cannot find it I am sorry but I cannot find it White White Wine

22 I know I know it I dont know it Where I dont know where it is I cannot find it

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Disc # 2/8 – Foundation Course To bring I understand you very well I don’t understand you very well I cannot understand you very well Do you understand me Will you bring it to me Can you bring it to me today To have We have it We dont have it Do you haben Do you have it Why Why dont you have it With me For me Can you come with me Do you have it for me What do you have for me It is for me Can you understand me Why can’t you understand me A little/something Can you bring me something now What can you bring me now Why can you not bring it to me now We dont have it Why dont you have it for me I must have it For me For you With me With you I am sorry but I dont have it I am sorry but I don’t have it for you now To suffer I cannot do it now unfortunately Rule: Deutsch – There are two ways to express ‘Me’ depending on how to use it

If, you -> To You = Ihnen If, does not imply -> to You = Sie I cannot bring it to you now Because/For Because I dont have it I dont have it What do you have for me

24 What can you bring it I cannot bring it to you today because (for) I don’t have it I must have it To have to (must) I must (have to) We have to (must) You have to You have to come with me To give We give You give I am giving | I give I am giving it to you But I cannot give it to you today because I don’t have it When do you want to have it When can you have it When can you have it for me To smoke Forbidden No Smoking | Smoking not allowed Also I also | Me too I don’t smoke To need I need it I don’t need it I don’t need it now Do you need it When do you need it When do you want to have it I can bring it to you today I want to have it I want you I like you Rule: Deutsch – Expressing Future Tense – using ‘Werde/Wird/Werden’

Will = Werde/Wird/Werden Will We will have it You will have it When will you have it for me I will have it for you today I will have it today I will see it tonight/this evening I will bring it to you When can you bring it to me When do you want to bring it to me When will you bring you bring it to me When can you bring it to me Because I need it today When do you need it

25 When do you want to have it I want to have it today Because I need it today How much Hour At What time (At how much hour) At what time do you want to have it To be At what time can you be here tonight (today evening) At what time do you want to be here At what time can you be here today At what time Will you be here To arrive Morning/Tomorrow At what time will you arrive tomorrow At what time can you be here tomorrow How long can you stay here today How long will you stay here Rule: Deutsch – Expressing Future Tense – using ‘Werde/Wird/Werden’

In English When ‘Will’ is used at the start of the sentence, many a times it is a polite request hence its not to be confused with ‘Future Tense’ and Werden cannot be used. Examples are Will you [Would you] | Will you please | Do you want to] come with me => Wollen Sie Will you [Would you] | Will you please | Do you want to] wait here => Wollen Sie Will you [Would you] | Will you please | Do you want to] stay here => Wollen Sie To wait Please Will you [Do you want to] wait here please OR Would you [Do you want to] wait here please Will you please do it for me Please OR Would you [Do you want to] do it for me please When will you do it for me Will you please stay here with me How long will you stay here To say/To tell Day Good day Will you tell [say] me When will you tell me Will you tell me please where it is because I cannot find it I know I dont know it I am sorry but I dont know where it is I cannot find it

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Disc # 3/8 – Foundation Course To go We go | We are going | We do go We don’t go | We are not going You go | You are going You don’t go | You are not going Rule: Deutsch – Expressing “Where”

There are two ways to express Where in Deutsch Where => Wo If/when it applies “where to” then – when there is a movement Where = wohin Where Where Where are you going [where to are you going] Rule: Deutsch – ‘Where to’ [Wohin] Wo->hin can split

Where [where to] do you want to go There There to When do you want to go there I want to go there [there to] But I cannot go there[there to] today I am Busy I am busy I am very busy now I am very busy today Busy = beschäftigt To be = sein I will be very busy We Stay | We are staying How long are we staying? How long can we stay How long can we stay here today How long will we stay here today How long do you want to stay here How long can you stay here How long do you stay here | How long are you staying here Do you stay here | Are you staying here Rule: Deutsch – Imperative or ‘Command’

Without question mark? It becomes an imperative or command e.g. [Command] Stay here = Bleiben Sie hier [Command] Stay = Bleiben Sie [Command] Come = Kommen Sie Are you staying | Do you stay here = Bleiben Sie hier Are you come | Do you come = Kommen Sie

27 Bring it Bring it to me today Are you bringing it to me today | Do you bring it to me today? [Command] Bring it to me To wait We wait | we are waiting We don’t wait | We are not waiting Why are you waiting | Why do you wait Wait bitte Will you wait please Rule: Deutsch – “Will you” rules

Will you ‘without question’ is a polite request – ‘Wollen Sie’ is used Will you ‘with a question tone/mark’ becomes FUTURE Tense – Werden is used Do you want to wait please? Rule: Deutsch – “Will you” rules – wait for => wait on

In English ‘wait for’ is used In Deutsch ‘Wait on’ is used Wait on Will you/Would you wait for you please Will you/Would you please wait for me here tomorrow [Command] Wait for me Are you waiting for me? | Do you wait for me Will you/Would you please wait for me Can you wait for me Where will you wait for me Would you wait for me Do you want to wait for me? Where do you want to wait for me We come | We are coming You come | You are coming Are you coming [Command] Come We stay | We are staying You stay | You are staying They They are staying You are staying here Rule: Deutsch – Use of ‘They’

They = Sie If it lacks clarity Then for ‘They’ -> ‘die’ is used How long are we staying here | How long do we stay here I stay | I am staying I stay not | I am not staying here I am coming with you [Command] Wait Will you/Would you wait? [Future Tense] Are you going to wait | Will

28 you wait Rule: Deutsch – Use of ‘Future Tense’ via ‘Werde/Wird/Werden’

There is no ‘going to’ used in Deutsch to express Future Tense. It is strictly [Will] -> Werde/Wird/Werden I will wait for you I will do it | I am going to do it We will arrive tomorrow | We are going to arrive tomorrow He is going to be here soon | He will be here soon I am going to stay here | I will stay here To buy Business,store Businessman, merchant I am going to buy it | I will buy it Expensive It is very expensive We won’t buy it because its very expensive OR We are not going to buy it because its very expensive OR We will not buy it because its very expensive We are going to buy it because we want to have it OR We will but it because we want to have it Rule: Deutsch – Future Tense can be Present Tense

Future Tense can be expressed using Present Tense I see you tomorrow/I will see you tomorrow I see you tomorrow /I will see you tomorrow I go with you tomorrow He We will = Wir Werden You will = Sie Werden I will = Ich Werde He Will = Er Wird Rule: Deutsch – Future Tense – Usage of Wird – He/She/it forms

For He/She/it the forms are the same E.g. He will = er wird She Will = Sie Wird It will = es wird

Rule: Deutsch – ‘You/They’ have the same form

He will buy it He will be here soon She will be here soon Ready Rule: Deutsch – ‘ig’ endings are pronounced as ‘ich’

e.g; fertig => [pronounced as] fertich It is ready

29 already Beautiful, nice, lovely, pretty, fine, great It is very beautiful She is very beautiful It is ready already Everything/all Everything is ready already Everything will be ready for you soon OR Everything is going to be ready soon Rule: Deutsch – Future Tense - He/She/it forms

For He/She/it the forms are the same E.g. In English He/she/it has ‘s’ endings, In Deutsch ‘s’ is replaced with ‘t’ So, He/She/it has ‘t’ endings He stays | He is staying She stays | She is staying They Stay | They are staying It is staying/ it is remaining Everything remains here | Everything is remaing here All of them/Everybody/They all/ All of them staying here My Friend My friends My friend does not stay here | My friend is not staying here My friends do not stay here | My frieds are not staying here We are staying all here He comes here soon | He is coming here soon To bring = bringen He = er To me = mir It = es He is bringing it to me He will bring it to you tomorrow OR He is going to bring it to you tomorrow When will you bring it to me OR When are you going to bring it to me Will you [Would you] please bring it to me Will you [Would you] bring it to me tomorrow

30

Disc # 4/8 – Foundation Course I would like | I would like to I might want | I might want to I wish | I wish to I would like to see it I would like to see you I would like to have it Us With us He would like to come with us I can He/She/it can It can be Possible It is possible It is not possible Like this/like that It is not possible like that Impossible It is impossible Entirely It is entirely impossible Gladly | With pleasure | Willingly | Surely Very gladly I like to do it [German EQUV.] I do it gladly/with pleasure I like very much to do it I like to see it I like to go there I will go there very gladly with you I like to go there with you I will like | I will like to I would like | I would like to Will you [Would you] come with me Very gladly, Gladly Yes sure, sure Thanks Thanks very much | Thank you very much Thanks beautifully Best thanks I would like to have it I want to have it To know We know You know They know Do you know

31 I know I know it He/She/it knows I don’t know where it is To say/To tell Will you tell [to] me Can you tell [to] me Will you tell me where it is Because I cannot find it tired I am tired I am very tired At home To go home/ towards home To/towards I am going to stay home And I am very tired and I am going to home soon And I am going to stay home I am going to stay home tonight Because I am tired OR I will stay home tonight

Disc # 4 – Track # 5 For Because Rule: Deutsch – Because/Weil Usage is used widely

1st verb is thrown at the end of the sentence. Whatever the verb normally comes the form is not changed. It just gets thrown at the end E.g. when you say Because I am tired [GERMAN EQUIVALENT] Because I tired am "Weil" is more widely used and spoken. From now-onwards this new word will be used for "Because" Because I am very tired They understand He understands She understands She understands me very well You dont understand me very well Can you understand me I dont know I dont understand it I cannot understand it I understand you I do not understand you I cannot understand you I dont know what you are saying For I dont understand you

32 Because I dont understand you For I cannot understand you Because I cannot understand you I am going to stay home Because I am very tired I am very busy I cannot do it because I am very busy today Because I am very busy Because I am going to be very busy today Because I cannot come with you tonight I cannot tell [to] you I cannot tell it to you I cannot tell it to you now Because I dont know it To cost It costs I want to know how much it costs I would like to know how much it costs Will you tell me how much it costs Because I need it And because I want to have it Because I must have it When can you bring it to me I want to know At what time I can have it today Rule: Deutsch – Question SWAP

When Can I === [instead of] When I can What Can I === [instead of] What I can At what time Can I === [instead of] At what time I can At what time can i have it When can I have it Rule: Deutsch – Weil Effect on all Question types when come in the middle

However "When"/other Question types also comes in the middle of the sentence and when (When/Wann) is not in the Question form then it has the same "Weil" effect so it throws all the verbs to the end. Remember ‘Weil’ effect on all the following question types. what Was Why Warum When Wann Where Wo How Wie Which Welche Who Wer how much wieviel how many wieviele How long Wie lange At What time (At how much Um wieviel hour) Uhr If [if it does not implies Wenn ‘whether’] If [if it implies ‘whether’] ob

33 Will you tell me at what time can I have it I am sorry but I cannot you now why I want to have it today I'm sorry but I cannot tell you now why I have to do it today I am sorry but I cannot tell you now Why I must have it today

34

Disc # 5/8 – Foundation Course To go We go | we are going You go | You are going Where [to] are you going a/an The question To ask I have a question Why are you asking | Why do you ask? I want to know I would like to know where it is There It is there There to To go there [to] I want to go there I would like to go there For me Not Nothing I have nothing | I have got nothing | I have not got anything I don’t understand anything | I understand nothing I don’t have it I don’t have anything now I would like to have it I would like to see it I would like to go there It is going very well | it goes very well How How does it go | how goes it Hows it going How are you going I am fine | It goes very well to me It is going very well Everything is going very well better Much Much Thanks | Many Thanks I am going (it goes to me | I feel) much better today Everything is going much better today Disc # 5 – Track # 3 To feel I feel I feel it

35 I dont feel it I cannot feel it I feel fine [I feel myself well] I feel very well today I don’t feel very well today We feel [We feel ourselves] We feel fine Himself/herself/itself/yourself He feels good He feels [himself] fine Do you feel it How do you feel [Yourself] How do you feel [Yourself] today To wash I am washing it I am washing up I wash myself I am washing myself To hurry [German EQUV.] To hurry oneself I am hurrying [German EQUV.] I hurry myself | I am hurrying [myself] I must hurry | [German EQUV.] I must hurry [myself] We must hurry [German EQUV.] We must hurry [ourselves] He must hurry [German EQUV.] He must hurry [himself] One /oneself One must hurry [German EQUV.] One must hurry [itself] You must hurry [German EQUV.] You must hurry [yourself] I will hurry | I am going to hurry [myself] [German EQUV.] I will hurry [myself] We are going to hurry | We will hurry [ourselves] We are going to hurry [ourselves] Will you hurry[yourself] please Can you hurry [yourself] Shall/Should You shall/should hurry up [yourself] I shall/I should I shall/should hurry up [myself] Why don’t you hurry [yourself] Hurry up To interest To organise To specialise I am interested

36 It interests me I interest myself He is interseted He intersts himself It interests me very much That That interests me very much That does not interests me Interesting It is very interesting Joy I am very pleased I enjoy myself It pleases me It gives me joy Time newspaper I don’t have the time No/None I have no [none] time No problem That is no problem I have no [none] time now Possible possibility I have no possibility Rule: Defining things in Deutsch

In Deutsch you must always emphasize "it" (things) E.g. - If you would like to say I want time to work [German Equivalent] I want time FOR to work So here we are defining the reason for doing it. In Deutsch the reason must be defined. So this "FOR” "Zu"

OR

If/whenever a noun/adjective is followed by verb then ‘zu’ is used I have no time to do it It is not possible to do it Opportunity Rule: Deutsch – ‘Die’ word

Evertyhing that ends with ‘heit’ or ‘keit’ its always ‘Die’ word All words ending in ‘ung’ are also ‘Die’ words I would like = Ich möchte The opportunity = Die Gelegenheit To have = haben To see it = es zu sehen I would like to have the opportunity to see it Always I dont always have the opportunity to see it Often I dont often have the opportunity to see it

37 I dont much often have the opportunity to see it It is not possible to go there today Important | Significant | Prominent It is very important to do it So It is not so important to do it today Necessary It is not necessary It is not necessary to do it now Late The City The State One United United States of America

38

Disc # 6/8 – Foundation Course Late It is very late Later Something/somewhat/a little A little later /somewhat later To call To call on phone Will you please call me later Can you call me later too It is too late Travel Travelling (by any means) I am going to Berlin Germany I am going to Germany To speak To study To learn Do you speak English You speak German very well In German How do you say it in German One says One doesn’t say it like that One doesn’t say that like that Does one say? Does one say it like that in German How does one say it in German it is too late to do it now I am going to do it later He is not going to be here It will be very important I will do it later today It wont be possible to do it now It will not be possible It will be very important to do it But I dont have time to do it now I will not have the time to do it today Rule: Deutsch “handlers”

Will [going to] – Werden Would - Würden With all handles there is no ‘t’ with He/She/it except for Werden/Wird I will = ich werde He/She will = er/Sie wird It will = es wird You will = Sie Werden

39 We will = Wir Werden I would = Ich würde He/She/it = Er/Sie/es würde You would = Sie würden We would = Wir würden Would I would We would You would He/She/it would I would do it He wouldn’t do it She wouldn’t do it We wouldn’t do it You wouldn’t do it We won’t do it | We will not do it We wouldn’t do it It will not be possible that way It would not be possible that way It would not be possible I would buy it I wont buy it | I will not buy it It wouldn’t be possible to do it Because he is very busy today And because I cannot do it today I wont do it today Because I wont do it today Because I wouldn’t do it today Because I wouldn’t have the time to do it today When will he be here When will it be ready It would be ready today It can be ready today It is going to be ready today | It will be ready today Because it will be ready today Because it cannot be ready today Rule: Deutsch – Weil Effect on all “Question types” when come in the middle

what Why When Where How Which Who how much how many How long At What time (At how much hour) If [if it does not implies

Was Warum Wann Wo Wie Welche Wer wieviel wieviele Wie lange Um wieviel Uhr Wenn

40 ‘whether’] If [if it implies ‘whether’]

ob

I would like to know = Ich möchte wissen Ready = fertig I would like to know when will it be ready I want to know at what time it is going to be ready I would like to know at what time will it be ready today I would like to know why it cannot be ready today If you want/if you like If We want We want it We dont want it We dont want to do it today I want He/she/it wants I would like to know when you want to do it I would like to know at what time you can do it I will wait here for you if you want Rule: Deutsch – “if’ situation – Wenn/ob

If imples two meanings in English e.g it can be used as ‘whether’ Now ‘If’ has 2 meanings in Deutsch also If = wenn [if it does not implies whether] If = ob [if it implies whether]. For Example I will do it for if you want => wenn I don’t know if you want to do it => ob If [if it does not implies ‘whether’] If [if it implies ‘whether’] If you want [if it does not implies ‘whether’] If you want [if it implies ‘whether’] To try To search/ To Seek/ To look for I will try | I am going to try Buy I don’t know if I can do it I don’t know if I can do it but I will try I dont know if its possible to do it that way But I will try But I don’t know if it will be possible to do it I am waiting | I wait Rule: Deutsch –

‘Have been’ and ‘ing’ form In Deutsch – simply PRESENT TENSE is used. I am waiting | I wait | I have been waiting I have been waiting for [German Equivalent] I have been waiting [Since]

41 Since Time ten Minute/minutes I have been waiting for[since] 10 minutes To live/to reside Where do you live Year/Years I have been living here for 10 years [German Equivalent] I live here since 10 years How long have you been living here [German Equivalent] How long do you live here Are you How long have you been here [German Equivalent] How long are you here already How long have you been here in Germany [German Equivalent] How long are you here already in Germany I am You are We are He/she/it I do that already since long time To work He is working For a long time [Since Long Time] He has been working here for a long time [German Equivalent] He is working here since long time three Day/days We have been here for 3 days We have been = We are = Wir Sind [German Equivalent] we are here since 3 days

42

Disc # 7/8 – Foundation Course Rule: Deutsch – Handlers

Handlers are auxiliary verbs that are followed by the full verb. Below is a list of very common handlers Can = Kann want to = Will/Wollen have = habe/haben must (have to) = muss/ müssen Will/going to = Werde/wird/Werden Shall/should = solle/sollen Would = würde/ würden Would like/may/Might want = möchte/ möchten Could (was able to) = konnte/Konnten Could (is able to) = könnte/ könnten Was/were = war/waren Had = hatte/hatten Had to = musste/mussten Wanted = wollte/wollten When using handlers at the end of the sentence, full verb is used. Handlers are a popular choice or easy to use in spoken way I can I can do it I can do it today I can do it tomorrow We can You/they can Can you I Can, He can, She can, It can, It can be ready today It cannot be possible that way I will buy it tomorrow If i have the time Can you tell [to] me If you can do it And I would like to know When you would do it I dont understand you I cannot understand you He doesn’t understand it He cannot understand it Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘Can’ Handler – ‘did’ can be replaced with ‘Could’

Could in English has 2 meanings: I couldn’t do it I couldn’t go yesterday Could you come tomorrow Now in Deutsch

43 I didn’t find it = I couldn’t find it So for ‘did’ konnte/Konnten can be used also Could = konnte/Konnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte We/you/They could = Wir/Sie/Die konnten I couldn’t find it | I didn’t find it I couldn’t understand you | I didn’t understand you Yesterday Yesterday evening/last night He didn’t go there with us yesterday | He couldn’t go there with us yesterday He didn’t go there with us last evening | He couldn’t go there with us last evening Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘To be’ Handler – ‘War/Waren’

In English PAST Tense of To be = was In Deutsch Was/were = war/waren I/He/She/it was = Ich/er/Sie/es war You/We/They were = Sie/Wir/Die waren Was/were There I was there last night But it wasn’t ready We were there Where were you Where were you last night It was not possible to do it

Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘has/have’ Handler which is ‘Had’ – ‘hatte/hatten’

In Deutsch had = hatte/hatten I/He/She/it had= Ich/er/Sie/es hatte You/We/They had = Sie/Wir/Die hatten I didn’t have the time to do it Because I was very busy I didn’t find it | I couldn’t find it Could you come with me CD 7 – Track # 4 Rule: Deutsch – Usage of ‘Could’

Could [In English] also means ‘would be able to’ UNCLEAR – CD # 7 – Track # 4 – List to this recording again Could you come with me [Would you be able to] come with me Could you tell me Could you wait now Could you wait here without Without you I couldn’t do it without you I couldn’t do it without you yesterday

44 I was not able to do it without yesterday I couldn’t understand you I was not able to understand you Rule: Deutsch – Handlers {Continued…} Usage of ‘must’ (have to)

To have to (must) = müss/müssen I/He/She/it must (have to) = Ich/Er/Sie/es müss You/They/We must (have to) = Sie/Die/Wir müssen I must (have to) go now We must (have to) buy it You have to (must) wait for me Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘must (have to)’ Handler is ‘Had to’ – ‘musste/mussten

Had to = musste/mussten I/He/She/it had to = Ich/Er/Sie/es musste You/They/We had to = Sie/Die/Wir mussten I had to stay here He had to wait for me He wants to buy it But he cannot buy it because its very expensive too Too expensive But he cannot buy it because it is too expensive He does not want to have it He will have it He will do it because he wants to do it Rule: Deutsch – Handlers {Continued…} Usage of ‘want’

Want [Will you please] = Will I/he/She/it want = Ich/er/Sie/es will You/They/We want = Sie/Die/Wir Wollen Do you want to do it Why don’t you want to do it now He doesn’t want to do it He wont do it | He will not do it | He is not going to do it Will you please do it Will you tell me He doesn’t want to do it Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘want’ Handler is ‘wanted – ‘wollte/wollten

Wanted = wollte/wollten I/He/She/it wanted = ich/er/Sie/es wollte You/They/We want = Sie/Die/Wir wollten Wanted He wanted to buy it Because he wanted to have it I didnt want to stay here

Rule: Deutsch – Handlers {Continued…} Usage of ‘shall/should ‘{is supposed to}’

Shall/Should {is supposed to} = solle/sollen

45 I shall/should{is supposed to} = Ich/er/Sie/es solle You/They/We shall/should{is supposed to} = Sie/Die/Wir sollen We shall/should stay here You should tell me It should be ready Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE of ‘shall’ Handler is ‘Should – ‘sollte/sollten

Should {was supposed to} = solle/sollten I should{was supposed to} = Ich/er/Sie/es sollte You/They/We should{was supposed to} = Sie/Die/Wir sollten He should wait for me He was supposed to wait for me But he couldn’t Rule: Deutsch – Handlers {Continued…} Usage of ‘may/to be allowed to’

May/to be allowed to = durfe/durfen I may { to be allowed to } = Ich/er/Sie/es durfe You/They/We may {to be allowed to} = Sie/Die/Wir durfen May/to be allowed to May I One is not allowed to One may not/one is not allowed to Entrance Forbidden Entrance forbidden Entrance is not allowed to May I see it Am I allowed to see it To try on May I try it on Am I allowed to try it on Feel like Rule: Deutsch – Following expression is very common

I don’t feel like = Ich habe keine Lust I don’t feel like I don’t feel like doing it I don’t feel like staying here I don’t feel like going there I don’t feel like buying it I don’t feel like doing it I am very pleased to do it It pleases me It gives me the joy It pleases me to do it It gives me joy to do it I please myself [I give myself the please] of seeing you I am very pleased to see you It pleases me very much to see you It will give me very much pleasure to see you It gives me joy to see you It gives me pleasure to see you

46 I am looking forward to seeing you It would please me to see you I would do it He wouldn’t do it Because it would not be possible to do it It was not possible to do it Rule: Deutsch – usage of ‘wäre/wären’ – replacing ‘würde/sein’ combition [would be]

If you do not wish to use würde/sein then it can be replaced with wäre/wären which also means ‘would be’ Would be It would not be possible Rule: Deutsch – Handlers {Continued…} Usage of ‘lasse/lassen’

I/He/She/it [to let] = Ich/er/Sie/es lasse You/We/They [to let]= Sie/Wir/Die lassen To Let/allow To repair I am going to repair it | I am going to fix it I will get it repaired | I will get it fixed I have to get it fixed To wash I will get it washed Clean It is clean It is very clean To clean Will you please clean it Will you please have it cleaned | Will you get it cleaned I have to get it cleaned

47

Disc # 8/8 – Foundation Course To go Go away Rule: Deutsch – All nouns are capitalised

The way To go away I will go away soon But I couldn’t go without you I would not go away Out To go out I want to go out tonight We would like to go out tonight Outgoing/exit Ingoing/entrance To go (for driving) Outgoing (driving) in Autbarn Ingoing (driving) To take off (in traveling) Departure To depart/to part/to leave To go away (travelling away) Far away To go through To walk through Rule: Deutsch – Detachable/Non-Detachable Verbs

Prefixes that are used infront of a verb Weg | Ein | Aus | zurch There are 2-types of prefixes in Deutsch - De-tachable (can separate and can come-off) - Non-detachable ( Non-Seperable and do not come-off) Non-detachable ( Non-Seperable and do not come-off) For example To understand = verstehen = [pre]ver stehen How its glued on and does not come-off. E.g I understand = Ich verstehe He/She/it understands = Er/Sie/es verstehet You/We/They understand = Sie/Wir/Die verstehen To Try = versuchen To receive/get it = bekommen = bekommen [received/got it] De-tachable (can separate and can come-off) To arrive = ankommen To go away = Weggehen To go away (travelling away) = Wegfahren

48 Going out = Ausgehen To pickup | To collect | To fetch | To go get it = abholen To repeat | to reiterate = wiederholen To arrive = ankommen To come right in | To come in = hereinkommen To put in = einliegen Drive over | run over | knock down = Überfahren To come right in = hereinkommen To go outside | get out = Aussteigen | rausgehen To put in = Einliegen | einstellen Drive over | run over | knock down = Überfahren To go outside = rausgehen Get out = Aussteigen | rausgehen Up | top | there on = Rauf | darauf On top of it = Raufliegen To take it out = Raus-nehmen |ausnehmen Over it = Darüber Underneath = unterliegen To place over |lay over = Rüberlegen To Come over = rüberkommen To pull = Zug-ziehen To pull on = An-ziehen Pulling on = anzug To pull out | move-out | Remove | evacuate | undress = Aus-ziehen Pulling out = Aus-zug Pulling in = Einzug To change ones place | To move house | move = Umziehen To pull through = Durchziehen Come through = Durchkommen Get through = Überstehen Moving through | Pulling through = durchzug To make close = Zu-machen To start/To begin/To catch-on = Anfangen | beginnen To call (on phone) = Anrufen These verbs in PRESENT TENSE can be separarable/detachable similarly as in English.e.g. I am going away = Ich farhe weg So ‘away’ comes off however as a verb it remains attached. Examples below Ich werde wegfahren Ich müss wegfahren Ich will wegfahren können Sie wegfahren Now how do we know which verbs can be seperated and which ones are not. Whenever there is a stress on the PREFIX. I am going out = Ich gehe weg Again = weider I am going to do it again Ich werde es weider tun never Never again I will never do it again | I am not going to do it again

49 To fetch | To get To pickup | To collect | To fetch | To go get it I pick you up I am going to pick you up To go get it again | To fetch again | To pickup again | To collect again To repeat | to reiterate I repeat To get I am getting it To arrive I am arriving I arrive tomorrow | I am arriving tomorrow Early Earlier Tomorrow morning (tomorrow early) I am going out Noon Before Before noon To/Towards After We are going to Frankfurt Afternoon This afternoon (today afternoon) Tomorrow afternoon Day after tomorrow (over tomorrow) Over Drive over | run over | knock down To go there | to go there to I want to go there I will go there and travel Going there Here| towards Come here Hin -> movement (some sort of movement) Here-> towards here These 2 movements are very important as it moves verbs To come right in Will you come in here To go outside Get out On Up | top | there on Over

50 Get over there To lie | to put Will you put the lamps here To put in To put inside On top of it To take To take it out Over it Underneath Under the table I am putting it over To think over | consider | think about | ponder | rethink I will put it over to me I’ll think it over I am thinking it over To place over |lay over To Come over Will you come over here Come over here Come in To pull Train | pulling To pull To pull on I am going to get dressed I am going to pull myself on Pulling on I am getting dressed | I am pulling myself on He is getting dressed | He is pulling himself on To pull out | move-out | Remove | evacuate | undress Pulling out Pulling in Around To change ones place | To move house | move I am moving house We will move to another place To pull through Come through Get through Moving through | Pulling through To lock Keys To lock it up Close the door To lock the door To make

51 To make close To open the door Door window I am opening the window I am closing the door I am making the door closed The castle The lock I will lock it in I lock it in Locked The door is locked The store is locked Everything is locked today He is locked in To catch To start/To begin/To catch-on We will start soon We are starting soon When are you starting When do we start To call To call (on phone) Will you call me later I call you later I am going to call you later Rule: Deutsch – ‘to’ means ‘in order to’

If the ‘to’ in English imples ‘In order to’ then we have to use Um zu I am calling you later In order to ask you If you can come with us tonight I am going to see you To hope I hope Rule: Deutsch – ‘Hoffen/denken’ + dass rule

Rule:- Hoffen/denken + dass rule – In Dutch when using Hoffen/Denken, dass must be added and also ‘dass’ has the ‘Weil’ effect rule and throws all the verbs to the end In Deutsch when using ‘hop’ you must add ‘dass’ in the sentence. It is a must In English we can/or cannot use it however in Deutsch ‘dass’ is a must I hope = Ich hoffe dass Since this ‘dass’ is in the middle it also has the ‘Weil’ effect I hope I can do it I hope that I can do it

52 I hope he will arrive tomorrow To think I think To believe | Have an opinion Rule: Deutsch – ‘Glauben’ verb is used a lot in terms of ‘to think’

Glauben is more widely used instead of ‘denken’ I think he will be here soon I belive that he will be here soon And I hope that you can come with you Easy It is very easy Heavy It is very heavy It is very intersting Comfortable Nice He is very nice She is very nice Nice | Pleasant | likeable Comfortable | Cozy | Relaxed Beautiful Feeling Beautiful mood it is nice here, there is a good ambience here

Rule: Deutsch – Gender based language and there exists three genders

There are 3 genders in Deutsch Language

Der [masculine] die [Feminine] and das [Neuter] The child = Das kind [Neuter] The girl = Das Mädchen [Neuter] A Young Lady = Das Fräulein [Neuter] The Woman = Die Frau [Feminine] The Army The Table Little Table The Police Rule: Deutsch – How to determine Gender

All words ending in ‘chen’ or ‘lein’ gives a dimunitive expression and is always ‘das’ – Masculine The little man = Männchen The little woman = Das Fräulein A Glass Wine Red White Excuse me Excuse me please I want a Glass of wine [German EQUV.] I want a Glass wine I must have a Glass of wine I must have a Glass of red wine

53 Guilt My It is not my fault | I didn’t mean it [German EQUV.] It is not my guilt May I ask you Where I can find

54

Michel Thomas v3 – Deutsch Course Advanced [4CDs] Disc # 1/4 – Advanced Course Review To stay I am staying He is staying | He Stays He doesn’t stay | He is not staying We stay here | We are staying here They stay here | They are staying here They are not staying here | They do not stay here You stay | You are staying You don’t stay here| You are not staying here How long are you staying are He will stay | He is going to stay You wont stay here | You are not going to stay here How long are you staying here How long will you stay here | How long are you going to stay here Will you tell me please how long are you going to stay here I would like to know how long you can stay here Rule: Deutsch – Usage of You – When talking to close friends, young people

You [informal] = du For du ‘st’ is added to verbs ‘Sie’ can be quite polite so with strangers when starting a conversation – it’s a good idea to use ‘Sie’. You You stay | You are staying How long are you[informal] staying here I will do it I wont do it

55 We will stay here They will stay here You will stay here I will stay How long will you stay They will not stay here You [informal] will stay I dont know how long he will stay here

Review – Handlers I can do it I cannot do it Can you do it Why can’t you do it Why can’t you do it now I cannot find it I dont know where it is Rule: Deutsch – Colloquially

When speaking the following can be contracted Ich kann es => Ich kanns I cannot He cannot understand it He cannot understand me Why can’t you understand me I will tell it to you later Will you tell me At what time are you going to be here At what time will you be here He will come with us Will you wait for me Where do you want to wait for me Where [to] do you want to go To be able to He wont be able to find it He wont be able to tell it to you Because he doesn’t know it I know He knows You [informal] know He will not be able to do it Rule: Deutsch – Emphasis of ‘That’ when at the start of a sentence

That he wont be able to do [German EQUV.] That wont he be able to [German EQUV.] That will he not be able to do He wont be able to do that He would never be able to do it I wouldnt be able to do it I have no time I have no time to do it To read I will read the newspaper Could (was able to) = konnte/Konnten

56 I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die konnten Could (is able to) = könnte/ könnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es könnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die könnten Could you tell me Could you come with me Could you [informal] come with me Could you wait for me now Could you tell me where it is I am sorry but I couldn’t understand you Have/Has = habe/hat/hast/haben I have = Ich habe He/She/it has = Er/Sie/es hat You/We/They have = Sie/Wir/Die haben You [informal] have = du hast Right side | on the right side | To the Right Side Left Side | Left | On the Left | To the Left Right | Correct | Justice | Law To have right = [German EQUV.] To be right | To be just You are right [German EQUV.] You have right You [informal] are right [German EQUV.] You [informal] have right To buy Why don’t you buy it Why don’t you [informal] buy it Why don’t you want to buy it Where will you buy it | Where are you going to buy it Why won’t you buy it Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST using a combination of ‘haben + ge’

‘To have’ [haben] Diving Board (PAST) – we will be using the following forms of verbs:-

haben + ge (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending haben + ‘t’ ending haben + ge Verbs that use ‘haben’ diving board To buy = Kaufen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gekauft [bought] To make = machen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gemacht [made] To laugh = lachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gelacht [laughed] To say/To tell = sagen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesagt [said/told] To ask = fragen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gefragt [asked] To wait = warten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gewartet [waited] To search/To Look for = suchen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesucht [searched/looked for] To smoke = rauchen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geraucht [smoked] To please (joy) = freuen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gefreut [pleased/joyED/was a

57 pleasure] To know = wissen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gewusst [knew/known] To sit down = setzen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gesetz [Sat Down] To lie down [lying down] = legen [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gelegt [Lied Down] To take rest = Sich ausruhen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = aus-ge-ruht To send = senden | Schicken = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geschickt [Sent] To keep = behalten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gehalten [kept] To hear = hören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gehört [heard] To listen/to hear = hören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] gehört [listened/heard] To listen to something = anhören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] Angehört [listened/heard to something] To answer = Antwort/antworten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Beantwortet | geantwortet [answered] To start = Anfangen | beginnen |Starten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gestartet/begonnen To belong = Gehören = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Gehört [belonged] To get used to [at it] = sich gewöhnen daran [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = sich gewöhrt daran [got used to it [at it]] To open = öffnet = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = geöffnet [opened] To open (make open) = Aufmachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = aufgemacht [Opened (made open)] To close (make close) = Zumachen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = Zugemacht [closed (made close)] To build = bauen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gebaut [built] To learn = lernen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] gelehrt [learnt/learned] To work = arbeiten = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gearbeitet [worked] To play = spielen = [‘ge’ (with verbs) + ‘t’ ending] = gespielt [Played] With all the verbs that end in ‘eren’ there is only ‘t’ ending To To To To To To To To To To To

sell = verkaufen = [‘t’ ending Only] = verkauft [sold] repair = reparieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = repariert [repaired] interest = InteresSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = InteresSiert [interested] organise = organiSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = organiSiert [organised] specialise = spezialiSieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = spezialiSiert [specialised] control = kontrollieren = [‘t’ ending Only] = kontrolliert [controller] hurry = sich beeilen = [‘t’ ending Only] = beeilte [hurried] try = versuchen = [‘t’ ending Only] = versucht [tried] remember = erinnern [‘t’ ending Only] = erinnert [Remembered] cover = decken = [‘t’ ending Only] bedeck [covered] discover = Entdecken = [‘t’ ending Only] entdeckt [discovered]

To see = sehen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gesehen [saw/seen] To find = finden = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefunden [found] To leave = lassen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gelassen [left/departed] To sleep = schlafen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = geschlafen [slept] To call = rufen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gerufen [called] To call(on phone) Called (on phone) = Anrufen |telefonieren [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = An-ge-rufen [Called on phone] To catch = fangen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefangen [caught] To do = tun = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] getan [Done] To break = Brechen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gebrochen [broke/broken] To fall = fallen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = gefallen [fell/fallen]

58 ……………………………………………………….. = runtergefallen [Fell down] ……………………………………………………….. = rausgefallen [Fell out] ……………………………………………………….. = reingefallen [Fell in] ……………………………………………………….. = rübergefallen [Fell over] To close = Schließen = [‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = Geschlossen [closed] To lock = schleusen =[‘ ge’ pre-fixed Only] = zugeschlossen [locked (with a key)] ……………………………………………………….. = aufgeschlossen [Opened with a key] ……………………………………………………….. = Eingeschlossen [locked in | locked in a prison] IRREGULAR VERBS [when diving into PAST TENSE] To understand = verstehen = verstanden [Understood] To receive = Erhalten | bekommen = erhalten | Bekommen [got it/received] To start = beginnen = begonnen [began/begun] To come along = Mitkommen = Mit-ge-kommen [came along] To tear = Reißen = zerrissen [tore/torn] to tear something off = Abreisen = abgerissen [Torn off] To tear into pieces = Zerreißen = Zerreissen [torn/torn off into pieces] To learn Learnt/learned New = Neu Word = word A = ein I have learnt/learned a new word To buy Bought I bought it [German EQUV.] I have bought it I didn’t buy it [German EQUV.] I have not bought it More/still more Sill more something/Something more I want something more I want to eat something more A little A little more A little bit | Just a little bit Not yet/ Still not He didn’t buy it yet [German EQUV.] He has not bought it yet Why didn’t you buy it yet [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you bought it yet To make Made He has made it To laugh Laughed He laughed | He has laughed Rule: Deutsch – PREFIXES

59 There are 2-types of prefixes in Deutsch Non-detachable ( Non-Seperable and do not come-off) De-tachable (can separate and can come-off) To sell Sold Back My Back To go back To come back He is coming back soon He will come back soon I sell it | I am selling it I Sold it | I did sell it [German EQUV.] I have sold it He sold it [German EQUV.] He has sold it He didn’t sell it yet [German EQUV.] He has not yet sold it We sold it [German EQUV.] We have sold it You sold it [German EQUV.] You have sold it You [informal] sold it [German EQUV.] You [informal] have sold it They sold it [German EQUV.] They have sold it Why did you[informal] sell it [German EQUV.] Why have you[informal] sold it Why didn’t you sell it [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you sold it Why didn’t you[informal] sell it [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you[informal] sold it Why didn’t you sell it yet [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you sold it yet Why didn’t you[informal] sell it yet [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you[informal] sold it yet Everything is sold It is not sold yet He told me [German EQUV.] He has told me Why did you tell me [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you told me Why did you tell [informal] me [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you [informal] told me We have told it to you | We have said to you He told me that he wouldn’t do it [German EQUV.] He has told me that he

60 wouldn’t do it He didn’t tell me that he will do it [German EQUV.] He hasn’t told me that he will do it To repair I repair it | I am repairing it He repairs it | He is repairing it To repair Repaired To organise Organised He organised it [German EQUV.] He has organised it It is organised To specialise To control He controlled it [German EQUV.] He has controlled it It is controlled It is well organised He organised it [German EQUV.] He has organised it Everything is well organised Everything is sold I sold it [German EQUV.] I have sold it Had = hatte/hatten I/ He/She/it had = Ich/er/Sie/es hatte You/We/They had = Sie/Wir/Die hatten You [informal] had = du hattst I had it I didn’t have it [German EQUV.] I had it not I would have it I wouldn’t have it I wouldn’t have the time to do it No time I would have no time to do it Rule: Deutsch – conversion of ‘Would have’ to had

This is a shorter form of the above versions [would] Würde/ würdest/ würden + [have] Haben = hätte/ hätten After this form you simply dive into the PAST. This form is more widely used so stick to it I would have [had] no time to do it I wouldnt have bought it Because it was very expensive Was/were = war/waren I/He/She/it was = Ich/er/Sie/es war You/We/They were = Sie/Wir/Die waren You [informal] were= du warst We were very busy

61 Where were you last night (yesterday evening) He was there He wasn’t in | He wasn’t there Where were you Where were you[informal] Through | during | throughout | Over true False It was true Really It was really true So It is really so It is really true To believe To think I don’t think| I don’t believe I don’t believe that he is going to come with us To see Saw/seen I saw it [German EQUV.] I have seen it I had seen it I would have seen it I would have told you He wouldn’t have told me [German EQUV.] He wouldn’t told it to me We would have told you [German EQUV.] We would have told it to you Rule: Deutsch – hätte/ hätten Usage

It can also be used for May/Might have If you had told me [German EQUV.] If you might have told me I would have bought it If i had seen it To wait Waited If you had told me that you would arrive today I would have waited for you I waited for you [German EQUV.] I have waited for you How long did you wait [German EQUV.] How long have you waited How long did you[informal] wait [German EQUV.] How long have you[informal] waited He waited for me [German EQUV.] He has waited for me Will you please wait for me Will you[informal] please wait for me He doesn’t want to do it

62 Why don’t you want to do it Why don’t you[informal] want to do it Can = Kann I/He/She/it can = Ich/er/Sie/es kann You/We/They = Sie/Wir/Die können You [informal] can = du kannst Could (was able to) = konnte/konntest/konnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die konnten You [informal] could = Du konntest Could (is able to) = könnte/könntest/könnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es könnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die könnten You [informal] could = Du könntest Can you do it Can you [informal] do it Could you tell me Could you [informal] tell me To look for/To Seek Search | Find | try Looked for | Searched | Found I looked for it [German EQUV.] I have looked for it But I couldn’t find it Rule: Deutsch – conversion of ‘have been able to’

I have not been able to find it = Ich habe es nicht tun I have not = Ich habe es nicht I I I I

want it = ich will es don’t want it = ich will es nicht want to do it = Ich will es tun wanted to do it = Ich wolte es tun

Rule: Deutsch – Handlers – PAST TENSE

‘Trigger Verb’ [PAST TENSE] – No ‘ge’ is needed A simple trigger verb rule is followed He wanted to do it [German EQUV.] He has not wanted to do it Rule: Deutsch – Conversions - hätte/hätten + können

Could = would be able Could have = would have [had] = hätte/ hätten + können Been able = können I couldn’t have done it

63 [German EQUV.] I would not be able to do it [German EQUV.] I would not have been able to do it I couldn’t have done it without you [German EQUV.] I would not be able to do it without you [German EQUV.] I would not have been able to do it without you I could have never done it without you [German EQUV.] I would have never been able to do it without you You could have told me I could have done it [German EQUV.] I would be able to do it [German EQUV.] I would have been able to do it

64

Disc # 2/4 – Advanced Course To have to (must) = müss/müssen I He/She/it must (have to) = Ich er/Sie/es müss You/We/They must (have to) = Sie/Wir/Die müssen You [informal] must (have to) = du müsst We must see it They must see it You must see it You must [informal] see it I must buy it He must do it It can be It could be It could be/may be/might be possible That could be/may be/might be possible But it was not possible to do it Because I didn’t have the time to do it Because I had not the time to do it It has to be ready now It must be ready now It can be ready already It must be ready already It cannot be ready yet It is going to be ready tomorrow You have to (must) do it now You [informal] have to (must) do it now To need You dont have to do it now You don’t need to do it now Also Me too | I also To smoke He smokes | He is smoking It is smoking here It did smoke here It had smoked here Do you smoke Do you [informal] smoke Smoke Are you coming Are you [informal] coming Come with me Are you waiting Are you [informal] waiting Are you waiting for me

65 Are you [informal] waiting for me Wait for me Stay hier Eat, eat, eat Don’t eat that You have to see it You [informal] have to see it Rule: Deutsch – Brauchen and usage of ‘zu’

You don’t have to see it You [informal] don’t have to see it Rule: Deutsch – Time factor emphasis – always comes first

‘Time’ always comes before ‘Place’ He has to be here soon Had to = musste/mussten I/he/she/it had to = Ich/er/Sie/es musste You/We/They had to = Sie/Wir/Die mussten Could (was able to) = konnte/konntest/konnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es konnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die konnten You [informal] could = Du konntest Could (is able to) = könnte/könntest/könnten I/He/She/it could = Ich/er/Sie/es könnte You/We/They could = Sie/Wir/Die könnten You [informal] could = Du könntest Wanted = wollte/wollten I/He/She/it wanted = ich/er/Sie/es wollte You/We/They want = Sie/Wir/Die wollten Had to = musste/mussten I/he/she/it had to = Ich/er/Sie/es musste You/We/They had to = Sie/Wir/Die mussten

He had to stay here Because he had to work Shall/Should = solle/sollen I/He/She/it shall/should = Ich/er/Sie/es solle You/We/They shall/should = Sie/Wir/Die sollen You [informal] shall/should = du sollst Should {was supposed to} = solle/sollten I/He/She/it should{was supposed to} = Ich/er/Sie/es sollte You/We/They should{was supposed to} = Sie/Wir/Die sollten You [informal] should{was supposed to} = du solltst

66 You shall tell me You shall come with us You [informal] shall come with us You shall go there with us You should go there with us You [informal] should go there with us I was supposed to {should} go there But I couldn’t Because I was very busy Because I was very busy yesterday I could not (was not able to) go there with you I could not (was not able to) go there with you yesterday To prepare | Setup I was supposed to (should) prepare it I was supposed to (should) prepare it yesterday I was supposed to (should) do it I was supposed to (should) do it now Rule: Deutsch – Handlers – PAST TENSE

‘Trigger Verb’ [PAST TENSE] – No ‘ge’ is needed A simple trigger verb rule is followed I should have done it Could you tell me Could you [informal] tell me You shall tell me You shall[informal] tell me You should tell me You should [informal] tell me Rule: Deutsch – Conversions - hätte/hätten + können

Could = would be able Been able = können Could have = would have [had] = hätte/ hätten + können You could have (may have) told me You [informal] could have (may have) told me You could have (may have) told it to me You [informal]could have (may have) told it to me You could have come with us You [informal]could have come with us You could have bought it And You[informal] could have bought it Rule: Deutsch – Conversions - hätte/hätten + sollen

Should have = hätte/ hätten + sollen I/He/She/it should have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + sollen You/We/They should have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + sollen You [informal] should have = du hättst + sollen

67 You should have told it to me You[informal] should have told it to me And i would have bought it for you I could have bought it for you-ORI could have bought it for you[informal] I would buy it for you I would buy it for you[informal]

CONFIRM BELOW AS CONFUSING !!!!!!! I would have bought it for you I would have bought it for you [informal] I should have bought it for you I should have bought it for you[informal] Rule: Deutsch – Conversions - hätte/ hätten + wollen

Would have [Had] wanted = hätte/ hätten + wollen I/He/She/it would have wanted = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte + wollen You/We/They would have wanted = Sie/Wir/Die hätten + wollen You [informal] would have wanted = du hättst + wollen for you[informal] I would have wanted to buy it for you I would have wanted to buy it for you[informal] To please It pleases me It is enjoyable to me It gives me joy It gives me enjoyment to see you I please myself I am pleased to see you I am very pleased to see you I enjoy seeing you I enjoy very much seeing you I will be very pleased to see you It will be very pleasing to see you I am looking forward to seeing you It would be very pleasing to see you I would be very pleased to see you I would be very pleased to go there with you Rule: Deutsch – conversion of ‘Would have’ to had

This is a shorter form of the above versions [would] Würde/ würdest/ würden + [have] Haben = hätte/ hätten After this form you simply dive into the PAST. This form is more widely used so stick to it I would have really enjoyed going there with

68 you last night It would have pleased me very much going there with you last night Rule: Deutsch

[Advanced CD2-Track # 10] Following handlers you dive only into infinitive hätte/hätten hätte/hätten hätte/hätten hätte/hätten I I I I

+ + + +

können wollen müssen sollen

wanted have wanted to do it have wanted would have wanted to do it

I wanted to see it But I couldn’t{was not able to} see it To leave/To go away I couldn’t wait because I had to leave I could have gone there with you last night I shouldhave gone there with you You should have gone there with us You [informal] should have gone there with us I was there Nobody Everybody But nobody was there Who was there with you last night It was not possible to do it To search/ To Seek/ To look for To try I am trying To succeed It is successful to me I don’t succeed I don’t succeed in doing it I cannot do it I wont succeed in doing it It will not be successful to me to do it To leave (leaving something behind) Left (Past Tense) To leave (going away) On the Key Table The Key = die schlüssel On the = auf dem Table = Tisch

69 I left the key on the table [German EQUV.] I have left the key on the table I had to leave Rule: Deutsch – To let – Handler “lassen” Usage

It has multiple meanings and also used to get something done. First it’s a handler so an infinitive form is used I will get it repaired = I will have it repaired I will [let] repair it = Ich wirde es repaireren lassen To let Let me try Let me work Quiet | calm | Silence Leave me alone [German EQUV.] [Let me] leave alone [German EQUV.] Leave me in quiet [German EQUV.] Leave me in silence To wash I must have it washed To clean I will have it cleaned I will get it cleaned He will be here soon Necessary It wont be necessary It will not be necessary | Its not going to be necessary I am tired Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST using a combination of ‘sind” “To Be” Diving Board

Verbs that use this diving board (Verbs of ‘coming’ and ‘going’) – Verbs of

Change There are only a handful of verbs that use ‘To Be’ Diving board when talking in past Mostly refers to some sort of ‘change in position’ To get/To become [getting/becoming] I am getting | I am becoming I am getting tired | I am becoming tired I will be tired I will be getting tired You will be too tired Too You [informal] will be too tired You will be getting tired soon You[informal] will be getting tired soon It is late Its getting late | it’s becoming late dark Darkness

70 It It It It It

is very dark is too dark is getting dark will be too dark will be getting dark soon

Rule: Deutsch – Past Tense

Was getting | was becoming = wurde I/He/She/it was getting = Ich/er/Sie/es wurde You/We/They were getting = Sie/Wir/Die wurden You [informal] were getting = du wurdest It was getting dark It was getting very dark Suddenly | All of a sudden It was suddenly getting very dark It would be too dark We were getting tired To know Knew Do you know why he doesn’t want to do it Do you [informal] know why he doesn’t want to do it Do you know why he can’t do it Do you [informal] know why he can’t do it Can you tell me why he didn’t want to do it Do you know why he couldn’t do it Do you [informal] know why he couldn’t do it Wanted I wanted I know it I knew it Many Thanks I didn’t know I have not known Would have = hätte/ hätten I/ He/She/it would have = Ich/er/Sie/es hätte You/We/They would have = Sie/Wir/Die hätten You [informal] would have = du hättst I would have known I would not have known it if you had not told me Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST using a combination of ‘sind” “To Be” Diving Board

Verbs that use this diving board (Verbs of ‘coming’ and ‘going’) – Verbs of

Change There are only a handful of verbs that use ‘To Be’ Diving board when talking in past Mostly refers to some sort of ‘change in position’

71 To go = gehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gegangen [went/Gone] To come = kommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gekommen [came] To come back = Zurück-kommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Zurück ge-kommen [Came Back] To go away = Weggehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Weg-gegangen [Went away] To go away = fortgehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = fort-gegangen [Went away/departed/left] To go back = Zurück gehen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = Zurück-gegangen [Went back] To arrive = ankommen = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = angekommen [Arrived/Reached] To stay = bleiben = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = geblieben [Stayed] To travel = Fahren [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gefahren [travelled] To stand = aufstehen [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gestehenden [got up/stood up] To go [travelling] (NOT on foot) = fahren = [sind + ‘ge’ (with verbs)] = gefahren [went Travel (NOT on foot)] I am gone I went there [to] We are gone We are gone there last evening We went there last night When did you go there Why didn’t you go there with me last night To go To go away Went away Go away | depart | Leave | Quit Went away | departed | left | farther away To go back Went Back To come back Came Back I am going away I am off We are going back We went back He went away He came | He has come [German EQUV.] He is come He came with us He came back He didn’t come back yet At what time did you come back At what time did you [informal] come back To arrive arrived He arrives tonight | He will arrive tonight Next Week/weeks He arrives next week He will arrive next week He arrived this morning Early

72 Today early | early Today | early this morning | early morning He arrived early morning Before noon Today before noon /this morning afternoon At what time did you arrive At what time did you [informal] arrive I was We were It would be dark It was getting dark It would be possible Rule: Deutsch – Conversion - würde sein -> wäre

“würde sein” can be converted to ‘wäre’ Would be [might be] = wäre I/He/She/it would be [might be] = Ich/er/Sie/es wäre You/We/They would be [might be] = Sie/Wir/Die wären You [informal] would be [might be] = du wärest It would be [might be] possible It would not be [might not be] possible It would not be [might not be] possible to do it that way Been I have been there We have been there last night How long have you been there I would have waited for you And I would have gone [would be/might be] there with you last night He would have come [would be/might be] with us I have waited I have waited for you I have waited for you [informal] He waited | He has waited for me How long did you wait How long have you waited He arrived to day He would have [would be/might be] arrived today If he had arrived today I have been there I would have been there

Rule: Deutsch – Reversal similar to English in Question Form

After the question instead of I had -> it changes to ‘Had I’ More Examples Below: I was -> was I

73 I am -> Am I If I had been there last night I would have seen it I didn’t see you [I have not seen you] Because I was not there Rule: Deutsch – Usage of ‘Because’ – [Weil | da] and denn

Weil | da has the same properties and throws verbs at the end Denn doesn’t Because Because I was not there Because I dont know it

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Disc # 3/4 – Advanced Course To stay Stayed At home ‘To Be’ Diving Board (PAST) – ‘Sind + ge’ At home = zu Hause Long = lange Longer = länger We didn’t stay home [at home] very long We are travelling to [towards] Berlin To walk [by foot] To travel (via train,bus,plane etc) [not by foot] Travelled We went to [towards] Berlin Vienna [City] When did you go to [towards] Vienna When did you [informal] go to [towards] Vienna In How long did you stay in Vienna We didn’t stay long in Vienna Because we had to go back to london How long did you stay I would have stayed longer If I had known that you would be here When did you arrive Today morning (today early) Tomorrow morning (tomorrow early in the morning) I would have arrived earlier if I had known that you would be here and that you have waited for me I went to Vienna We went to Vienna Few | a Few Last week We went to Vienna last week But we didn’t stay long We came back after few days Only A few days A few | a couple We only stayed a few days And we came back to London It would have pleased me very much I would have liked very much to know

75 That you would go there I would be pleased | I would please myself It would please me I would have been pleased It would have pleased me To hurry [German EQUV.] To hurry oneself I am hurrying I am hurrying myself I hurried I have hurried I will hurry I have to hurry Hurry up You have to hurry Will you hurry please We hurried We have hurried If I had hurried I would [Would I] have arrived earlier I would have seen it And I would have bought it Stand | To stand To get up | To stand up I got up | I stood up We got up At what time did you get up I would have gotton up earlier If I had known it Why didn’t you tell it to me Why have you not told it to me I would have told it to you If I had known it It is not possible to do it that way It was not possible to do It wont be possible to do it that way It wouldn’t be possible to do it that way It wouldn’t be possible to do it that way It has not been possible to do it To try tried We tried We have tried And It has not been possible to do it I think [that] it would have been possible to do it If he had tried If we had tried If we had tried to do it I would have gotton up earlier lie down | To lie down Rule: Deutsch - Define accurate positions of objects/nouns

76 In Deutsch wherever possible you must express position. So if you know its standing, sitting, lying-down you have to add it. So for people, objects – wherever possible express the position – following are some of the possible positions. To put in lying Position = legen To put [have] in standing Position = stellen To put in sitting Position = setzen

To stand To get up | To stand up To put in lying Position To put [have] in standing Position To put in sitting Position | To be sitting

Bottle On the table I am putting the bottle [standing position] on the table Book I am putting the book [lying position] on the table It is lying [lying down] It is lying on the table I am sitting on the table We are sitting here I am sitting myself (down in the sitting position) I am sitting down Sit down | Put yourself down | Set yourself down Sit down here [towards here] Sit down here please [towards here] Over there [towards there] Will you please sit down Will you please sit [towards here] Seat To Take Take a seat | Take a place Down I sat down I have sit [myself] down I lied down I have lied [myself] down To quiet silence Silence please | Quiet please It is very quiet It is very quiet hier To take rest [To quiet oneself out] I will take a rest I will quiet myself out You should take a rest I had a good rest I rested myself out

77 You have to take a rest You have to rest yourself out You[informal] have to take a rest You[informal] have to rest yourself out One has to take a rest Sometimes One has to take a rest sometimes Sometimes one has to take a rest To sleep Slept Did you sleep well I slept very well One can understand it sometimes But sometimes one cannot understand it To understand Understood I didn’t understand what you have said To mean | To signify | To imply I dont understand what you mean What do you mean What does it mean To send Sent To receive Received [got it] I will send it to you He has sent it to me I have not received it yet To hold To Stop To stop holding on Will you stop here Will you remain standing Stop I have not received it yet To Keep Kept You can keep it To hear heard I cannot hear it heard To belong It belongs to me It does not belong to me It belongs to you Does it belong to you To answer The answer Answered [PAST TENSE] The word He didn’t answer yet

78 [German EQUV.] He has not answered yet To call Called [PAST TENSE] He called [German EQUV.] He has called To call on phone Called (on phone) [PAST TENSE] He called me (on the phone) This morning/early morning at Ten O’Clock At your place / at your house I called you this morning In order to tell you that I will arrive tonight And that I am going to be there at 10 O’clock I called you[informal] this morning In order to tell you[informal] that I will arrive tonight And that I am going to be there at 10 O’clock I called you this morning In order to tell you that I would arrive tonight And that I am going to be there at 10 O’clock I called you this morning In order to tell you that I would arrive tonight And that I am going to be at your place at 10 O’clock That I will be at your place tonight at 10 O’clock I would have arrived earlier If I had known it I want you to tell me Do you want me to do it Him Her I want you to tell him [German EQUV.] I want that you should tell him Will you tell him Will you tell him to call me [German EQUV.] Will you tell him that he should call me I asked him I asked her I told/asked him to call me [German EQUV.] I told/asked him that he should call me To remember Remembered [PAST TENSE] I remember I dont remember I cannot remember

79 To remember something/ To recall on something On it/at it On it/on that Into it Underneath it Over it I cannot remember it [at it] [German EQUV.] I cannot recall [at it] I didn’t remember it [German EQUV.] I have not remembered it The Apartment | Flat To be used to something To get used to something To habituate oneself at something To rent an apartment | To let an apartment I will rent the apartment | I will let the apartment The house I will rent the house | I will let the house To live To live/To reside in a place We live (reside here) here We are here now But we don’t live here Where do you live Where do you [informal] live Rule: Deutsch – Verbs|Infinitives conversion to Nouns – and is always ‘Das’ word.

You can take verbs (infinitives) and simply convert them into Nouns. And Nouns are always das [Neuter] Living | life To eat Eating | The food The food is very good here Rule: Deutsch – ‘Has been | Have been and ‘ing’ Form’ can be simply expressed using ‘PRESENT TENSE’ form

We have been living here = [German EQUV.] We live here We have been living here for ten years = [German EQUV.] We live here since ten years Other common is usage of ‘already’ -> schon Ten years Since I have been doing it [German EQUV.] I am doing it For long time I have been doing it for a long time [German EQUV.] I am doing it since long time already I have been doing that [German EQUV.] I am doing that already I have been doing that for a long time

80 [German EQUV.] I am doing that already since long time Rule: Deutsch – ‘Has been | Have been and ‘ing’ Form’ can be simply expressed using ‘PRESENT TENSE’ form

Emphasis on ‘Das’. If you would like to put emphasis on ‘Das’ then start the sentence with it. That I have been doing for a long time [German EQUV.] [Emphasised] That I am doing since long time In Vienna Since 3 Month/months Since 3 months I have been living in Vienna for three months [German EQUV.] I am living in Vienna since 3 months I have been living in Vienna for three months [German EQUV.] [Emphasised] In Vienna I am living since 3 months Since How long How long have you been living here [German EQUV.] Since how long you live here How long have you been living here [German EQUV.] Since how long you live here already How long have you been living here [German EQUV.] Since how long you[informal] live here How long have you been working here [German EQUV.] Since how long you work here How long have you been working here [German EQUV.] Since how long you work here already How long have you been working here [German EQUV.] Since how long you[informal] work here He has been working here for 3 years already [German EQUV.] He works here since 3 years already To travel (via train,bus,plane etc) [not by foot] After | to (towards) You are going to Germany You are going to Austria You are going to Vienna You[informal]are going to Germany You[informal]are going to Austria You[informal]are going to Vienna For Example | For Instance An Example To play | To play (an instruement) To play the piano

81 One asks you | One is asking you How long have you been here in Vienna [German EQUV.] Since how long you live here in Vienna How long have you been here in Vienna [German EQUV.] Since how long you live here in Vienna already Have you been I have been We have been Where have you been Where have you[informal] been Where were you I have been here for 3 weeks already [German EQUV.] I am here since 3 weeks already Rule: Deutsch – when saying ‘Not used to’ you can convert it into ‘don’t have the habit’ Rule: Deutsch – Pronounciations – ‘g’ and ‘ng’ is pronounced Rule: Deutsch – Figuring out Genders – ‘Ung’ is always “die [Feminine]”

Words ending in ‘ung’ is always ‘die [Feminine]’ Rule: Deutsch – Usage of ‘Zu’

After a noun or an adjective if its followed by a verb, you have to use 'zu' e.g. zu tun The Habit I am not used to do it [German EQUV.] I don’t have the habit to do it Rule: Deutsch –Genders – words ending in [-heit and –keit] are always “die [Feminine]”

Words ending in “[-heit and –keit]” is always ‘die [Feminine]’ (-heit and -keit corresponds to the Anglo-Saxon English "-hood") The opportunity | [German EQUV.] the opportunity-hood Beautiful, nice, lovely, pretty, fine, great, beauty The beauty | [German EQUV.] the beautyhood Possible The possibility | [German EQUV.] the possiblehood I dont always have the opportunity to see it I don't have the possibility to do it It is not possible to do it that way To try To look for/To Seek Search | Find | try I am looking for it | I am seeking it I looked for it | I have looked for it

82 but I could not find it To try To arrive I am arriving

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Disc # 4/4 – Advanced Course To come back He comes back soon | He is coming back soon to try I try | I am trying I try to do it | I am trying to do it I tried to do it [German EQUV.] I have tried to do it to catch Caught [PAST TENSE] to start | to catch on Started We start | We are starting At what time do you start? At what time do you [informal] start? The Habit usually, habitually At what time do you usually start? At what time do you [informal] usually start? It started [German EQUV.] It has started It has started already [German EQUV.] It has started already to go He has gone | He went [German EQUV.] He is gone to go away Went away He went away | He has gone away [German EQUV.] He is gone away We went away |We have gone away [German EQUV.] We are gone away to come Came [PAST TENSE] He came | He has come [German EQUV.] He is come to come back Came back [PAST TENSE] At what time are you coming back? At what time are you [informal] coming back? He will come back soon He will be back soon Again Soon again He will be here again soon

84 To hear Heard [PAST TENSE] to listen Listened [PAST TENSE] to listen to something [Received by hearing] listened to something [Received by hearing] I listened to it [German EQUV.] I have listened to it to belong Belonged [PAST TENSE] It belongs to me It does not belong to me It belonged to me [German EQUV.] It has belonged to me I heard it [German EQUV.] I have heard it It belongs to me It doesn't belong to me apartment the habit habitually, usually to get used to it [something] to get used at it got used to it [something]- [PAST TENSE] got used at it At At it Rule: Deutsch

In English – to get used to it In Deutsch – To get used at it I will get used to it [German EQUV.] I will habituate myself on it [at it] [German EQUV.] [I will myself at it habituate] I have to get used to it [German EQUV.] [I have to myself at it habituate] easy, light (in weight) It is very easy It is not easy simple difficult | heavy It is not very heavy | it is not very difficult Rule: Deutsch – Noun Conversions

To turn the words into Nouns [-heit or –keit]” is added

85 easiness | relaxation | Simplicity difficulty no difficulty For me I cannot get used to it, it's very difficult for me [German EQUV.] [I cannot myself at it habituate], it is very difficult for me One has to get used to it [German EQUV.] [One has to itself at it habituate] Finally | eventually | ultimately | in the end | lastly | at the end I finally got used to it [German EQUV.] [I have finally got used to it] [German EQUV.] [I have myself finally at it habituate] to remember | To recall Remembered [PAST TENSE] I remember [German EQUV.] I remember myself I remembered [German EQUV.] I have myself remembered to remember it to remember [at] it I don't remember it [German EQUV.] I remember myself not at it I cannot remember it [German EQUV.] I cannot myself remember at it I couldn't remember [German EQUV.] I could not myself remember at it to open Opened [PAST TENSE] the window Will you open the window? I opened the window [German EQUV.] I have opened the window It is open It is opened Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST using a combination of ‘wird/werden’

‘To have’ [haben] Diving Board (PAST) – we will be using the following forms of verbs:(es wird... because werden refers to "getting" or "becoming") It is being opened It was opened It was being opened

86 to open (make open) Opened (made open) [PAST TENSE] to close (make close) closed (made close) [PAST TENSE] The door I opened the door [German EQUV.] I have opened the door He closed the door [German EQUV.] He has closed the door The door is closed The door is being closed It will be closed It will be getting closed To get/To become [getting/becoming] Became/gotton [PAST TENSE] Has become/has gotton Cold hot warm It is getting cold It was getting cold | it got cold It has gotten cold The soup has gotton cold Late It is late It is getting late It will be late It will be too late soon It will be getting late It has gotton late dark Darkness It will be getting dark soon It was dark It was too dark It was getting dark Quite It has been getting very dark It has been getting quite dark It has gotten very dark Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – How to dive into PAST using ‘Werden’

This is the third diving board – Usage of Werden [Geworden | Worden ] To get/To become [getting/becoming] = Werde/Wird/werdest/Werden Became/gotton = Geworden | Worden There are also 2-ways to dive with Geworden | Worden The rule is simply. Only 1-dive allowed and only “1-ge” is allowed. Gotten built = gebaut worden Gotten dark = dunken geworden

87 Gotton sold = verkauft worden to build Built [PAST TENSE] I built it [German EQUV.] I have built it It is built It is being built It was built It was being built These houses These houses were being built It has become Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE

No two ‘ge’. One is taken of If you already have ‘[past participle dive] one dive’ then no more further dive with verbs. Only allowed one past (in the above sentence, where there are two past participles, you use worden and not geworden) It has become/gotten dark = Es ist dunkel geworden It has become/gotten cold = Es ist kalt geworden It has become/gotten late = Es ist spat geworden It has been built It has become/gotten built light (not dark) Light green Light blue It is very light here It is getting light It has become light It was getting light It will be getting light It would be getting too dark It would be too dark It would have been too dark It would have gotten too dark It was too dark It was getting too dark It has been too dark It has gotten too dark Rule: Deutsch – PAST TENSE – use of ‘Worden’

He is selling it | He sells it It is sold It is being sold Everything is being sold It was being sold Everything was being sold

88 Everything was sold Everything has been sold Everything has gotten sold Everything would be sold (the diference between es würde möglich sein "it would be possible" and es wäre möglich "it might be possible" is hardly noticeable in modern German) I would have it = ich würde es haben I might have it = ich hatte es I would not have the time to do it = I might not have the time to do it = Ich hatte keine es Zeit es zu tun (let's see how many tenses we can handle now) The house Houses He is selling the house | He sells the house For a long time [Since Long Time] He has been selling houses for a long time [German EQUV.] He is selling houses since long time [German EQUV.] He sells houses since long time He has been living here for a long time [German EQUV.] He is living here since long time [German EQUV.] He lives here since long time The house is sold The house is being sold He sold the house [German EQUV.] He has sold the house The house was getting sold PAST TENSE + Worden The house has gotten sold He will sell the house | He is going to sell the house The house will be sold The house will be getting sold He would sell the house The house would be getting sold He had sold the house if he had sold the house (if he would have...) The house would have (might have) been sold He will have sold the house He would have sold the house

89 The house would have been sold I am very happy, I enjoy myself With you With you all I'm very happy to be with you [German EQUV.] It pleases me to be here with you It pleases me It pleases me to be with you Was a pleasure I did enjoy very much being here with you It was a pleasure being here with you I'm looking forward to seeing you again soon (I will enjoy seeing you...) I'm looking forward to seeing you again soon (It will please me...) to interest interesting Interested [PAST TENSE] It is very interesting It interests me very much I interest myself It did interest me very much (tun dives into getan) To do Done [PAST TENSE] To know Knew/Known [PAST TENSE] He told me that he wouldn't have done it if he had known it to come along [To come with] Came Along [PAST TENSE] Do you want to come along? I will come along | I will come [with] I'm sorry but I cannot come along [come with] He came along | He came with To arrive Arrived [PAST TENSE] ‘Using Sind’ Diving Board He arrived | He reached | He has arrived/reached [German EQUV.] He is arrived/reached to get [it], to receive [it] He received it |He got it | He has got it [German EQUV.] He has received it to tear to travel Happy Trip/Travel [wishing you a Happy

90 Trip] Next week Next week I am travelling to Vienna Wonderful to tear something off Torn off [PAST TENSE] I tore it off (the wall) [German EQUV.] I have torn it off It is torn off It is being torn off It got torn off | it became torn off It was being torn off On the wall It is not on the wall to tear into pieces Tore it into pieces [PAST TENSE] He tore it into pieces It is torn into pieces It is entirely (quite) torn into pieces He tore it into pieces [German EQUV.] He has torn it into pieces It was being torn into pieces yesterday I could see it I saw it [German EQUV.] I have seen it to break Broke/broken [PAST TENSE] It is broken Broke into pieces He broke it into pieces [German EQUV.] He has broken it into pieces to fall Fell/fallen [PAST TENSE] It fell fell down [PAST TENSE] It fell down | it has fallen down | it is fallen down (the r- gives the movement) fell out [PAST TENSE] It fell out fell over [PAST TENSE] It fell over fell in [PAST TENSE] It fell in He fell in | he got caught | (here are the participles of some verbs) to make to laugh to work He worked | He has worked

91 To say/To tell He said | He has said To ask He asked me [German EQUV.] He has asked me Why didn't you ask me? [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you asked me? Why didn't you tell it to me? [German EQUV.] Why havn’t you told it [to] me to play The playing We are playing | We play We played [German EQUV.] We have played to open I opened it [German EQUV.] I have opened it the store busy The store is open/opened to close closed [PAST TENSE] The door The door is closed Locked (with a key) Locked in The door is locked And he is locked in Opened (with a key) The door is opened (with a key) The Prison To catch to try to try on I have to (must) try it on May I try it on? Can I try it on? May I try on the shoes Can I try on the shoes To cover The cover Covered [PAST TENSE] It covers To discover Discovered [PAST TENSE] He discovers He discovered it [German EQUV.] He has discovered it It is discovered

92 It was being discovered He has discovered it To sleep Slept [PAST TENSE] I slept [German EQUV.] I have slept to go [travelling] (not on foot) We are travelling to Berlin ‘Using Sind’ Diving Board We travelled [German EQUV.] We are travelled to step to step in to step on (the sTagen) | To be in line to step off | to step out Forbidden to step in