M.H. de Young Memorial Museum--African Negro Sculpture (1948)
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DE YOUNG MEMORIAL MUSEUM SAN FRANCISCO
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forms. Emphasis is on dramatic expression, and shapes, designs,
Ibibio, Ijaw,
of masks stract
and color are all used towards this end. It is a virulent tradition that shows none of the vitiating effects of elaboration or OAerrefinement.
To
the east
and southeast of
this area a
represented by the sculpture of Cameroon.
vigorous style tradition
Wood
is
carvings that include
and ritual objects have an intensive, Shapes emphasize dramatic forms that are posed to express movement. Refinement of surfaces is unknown. A rough tech-
large house-posts, figures, masks, alert expression.
human and animal forms to create expressive and often volumes that are dynamic and bold in appearance. Angular rhythmic patterns of volumes or lines are conmion to this style. Similar qualities appear in smaller pottery and brass pipe bowls and other objects. The Cameroon style is one of the strongest in Africa. A tradition of some complexity is evident in the sculpture of the area embracing southeastern Cameroon and Gabun, the extreme northwestetn portion of the geographically huge area of Central Africa. One nique
utilizes
large-scale
strain appears in the stylized figures
Rounded and
and heads
of the
Fang
tribes.
oval shapes of geometric character are defined by smooth
surfaces that flow easily
one into another. Proportions express
sche-
matically the fundamental structure of the forms. Facial features have a
quiet aloofness of expression that
is
at times
open mouth. Transitional examples
combined with an
exist that connect these
aggressive
Fang
car\-
ings with the abstract metal figures of the Bakota. In the Bakota figures
three-dimensional forms flatten out as essentially two-dimensional surfaces. But the oval-shaped heads and the design of the facial features suggests comparison with like elements in the
Fang
style.
A
variety of
masks centering in the Ogowe River region of Gabun appears to represent a third strain in this style tradition. A preference for rounded and
7
oval shapes
and
for smooth-flowing surface planes furnishes the style
elements relating
this strain to the
other two. In some of these masks an
elaborate surface detail, particularly in the rendering of the coiffure, has an analogy with the elaborate surface patterns found on many of the Bakota metal figures.
To the south and east in the large area of the of important style traditions
may be
Belgian Congo a
discerned.
Many
number
of these, however,
and give the styles in this vast found elsewhere in Africa. In the lower Congo River region commemorative and fetish figures disclose a tradition of full-volumed forms, naturalistically posed figures, and an openness of design. The forms, carved free and in the round, emphasize structural and rhythmic relationships. Descriptive details are carefully rendered. An effect of monumentality and tenseness of expression is created in these figures by the vigor of their forms and poses, are at least partly related one to another
area a greater homogeneity than
is
despite the calmness of facial featvnes.
To
the east of this area, the small
and masks of the Bateke, Bayaka, and Bapende tribes represent a tradition of compact stylized forms, angular rhythms, and an impressive handling of facial features. The masks of the Bayaka and Bapende often combine sensitive surface planes with emotionally exfetishes
pressive features.
A diversity of traditions contributes to the numerous tribal styles in the Congo area. The famous royal portrait figures of the Bushongo, example, re-echo the style of the lower Congo, while the figures and masks of the Basonge are related to the Baluba tradition to the east and central for
is the rich development of surface decon cups, boxes, drums, and a variety of other found in the siuface designs on the small, slender Bena
south. Distinctive of this area
orative art that appears objects. It
Lidua
is
also
figures.
The
large bulbous heads of these figures are similar to
those of the Basonge figures, which however have forms of heavier
volume and a greater angularity of shapes. The masks of the central Congo— such as those of the Bakete, the Bapende (an eastern branch of this tribe), Bena Lulua, Bushongo, and others— are frequently polychrome.
Many
masks, as those of the Basonge, for example, are also
spectacularly stylized.
The
scidpture of the eastern and southern
resent several traditions.
The most important
Congo is
also seems to rep-
that of the Baluba. In
their figure carving finely sculptured shapes are defined
by
fluid sinface
planes. Proportions vary but emphasize an oval head. Facial features are
calm and serene. Descriptive details represent elaborate coiffures and scarification marks. This refined sensitive style has not lost its vitality of expression and has produced some of the most satisfying scidpture of
8
Negro Africa. In contrast, the Badjokwe style ot the southern Congo and Angola is more heavih stylized and is dramatic and aggressive in expression. A controlled technique and a refined definition of form suggest to some extent that the Baluba and the Badjokwe drew some of their style features from the same tradition. In the extreme eastern part of the Congo the ivory carvings of the Warega seem to reveal another tradition. The small figures are angular and roughly carved, but manv of the small masks are sensitively rendered with flat abstract planes. In the northeastern part of the Congo the carvings of the Mangbetu and Azandeh manifest yet another tradition. Their sctilpture includes a few figures, some pottery jars, and decorated utensils. Forms are heavy and compact, surfaces smooth, and details descriptive of reality. A distinctive feature of this tradition is the long narrow head based on the
bound heads
of these peoples.
In East Africa— in Tanganyika, Rhodesia, and Swaziland in particular —local traditions emphasize a feeling for abstract design. This is best represented by neck-rests and decorative carvings from this area.
The number
and the
of traditions
them indicate the ships are apparent
among certain
an African
But
style.
variety of styles that grew out of
vast scope of African sculpture.
it
traditions,
it is
possible to discover a
is
toward the aesthetic
qualities that contribute
Although
relation-
not possible to crystallize
number
effects
of
common
achieved by
this
craftsman
who
sculpture.
AESTHETIC VALUES
The AFRICAN NEGRO
artist
is,
in
most
cases, a professional
has served an apprenticeship. Sometimes he or priest. Sculpture is
a matter of talent
is
tradition of his tribe.
some
in
tribes
in
and
some
tribes a hereditary vocation; in others
He
is
position of the artist in his society
African tribes
political or religious standing.
and
the
The
demands placed upon
his
comparative economic security enjoyed in
that allows the leisiue necessary for the creation
art.
Iron tools arc used throughout Negro Africa. the adze, although the knife, scraper, tor
it
and
practically everywhere esteemed socially,
he has an important
and enjoyment of
also a fetisher, sorcerer,
choice. In every area the artist works within the
services reflect, in general, the
many
is
and
The
basic car\ ing tool
chisel are also used.
The
is
sculp-
during his apprenticeship not only learns how to use his tools, but he how to make them. Specialized carving tools have been
also has to learn
evolved in certain areas.
A
sculptor teaches his apprentice
all
the im-
provements in the shaping of tools and the rendering of traditional designs that he has learned from experience.
9
The
dating of African sculpture
is,
witliin limits, uncertain.
majority of examples the only date that can be established
For the
when
is
the
object was acquired, either in Africa or from a
European or American the date means very little; but an African date
dealer. In the latter case,
On
has some significance.
the basis of the voracious habits of termites
and the humid climatic concHtions, it has been estimated that few objects are more than fifty years old when they are purchased in Africa. The greater nimiber of African sculptures in our collections would therefore date between 1825 and 1890. Some examples, however, such as the Benin bronzes of West Africa and a few ivory carvings, can be dated as earh as the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries.
In some regions of Africa, the art of sculpture has disappeared. A disruption of the native culture, with the attendant destruction of those institutions that patronized the sculptor, has largely been responsible for this loss. Btit in
Cameroon, the
The
many
other areas, especially in Liberia, Yoruba, and
art continues
with
its
former vigor.
aesthetic equalities of African art are purely sculptural.
Whether
he was working in wood, i\'or), or metal the Negro artist has given his forms an existence in space so complete that, as one moves around the often small objects, ever\ changing silhouette adds to one's compre-
hension of the form. Only from
dimensional conception of the
all
the silhouettes can the truly three-
be fully understood. His forms, although they are sculptural realizations or interpretations of nature, are not restricted by the limitations of realism. They are, instead, creative,
artist
and the functioning of each part
is
made
clear by simplified, some-
times geometric shapes. Each work, conseqtiently, has
its
complete
existence as a sculptmal form, not as a representation or simidation of
nature. Each
work
also has a
with a specific meaning
complete integrity of purpose— it was made purpose that was seldom indi-
to serve a specific
vidual but was shared by
all
members
of a group.
The
work, therefore,
becomes expressive of the ctdture of the group merely the expression of an individual within the group.
as a whole,
Nevertheless, the individual ability cotuited for as
countries
and
much ages.
This
is
The
is
not
sensitivity of the scidptor
in African sculpture as
are far stiperior in quality pieces.
and
and
it
has in sculpture of
all
evident in the recognition that some works
and expressiveness
range of qtiality however,
is
to others: they are master-
generally high, higher certainh
some tribes than in others. A sureness pervades the work of the African Negro sctdptor, with but comparatively little evidence of virtuosity. A control, a restraint mark the finest examples and give evidence of that stireness— nothing appears to be there that should not be, and nothing could be added. The work is complete in itself. It has its own existence in space and its aesthetic qualities are purely sculptmal. in
10
SUGGESTED READINGS AND REFERENCES British
Museum. Handbook
to the
tlhnogiaphical Collections. London. 1925. 2d
ed..
pp. 189-255. Chauvet. Stephen. L'Art luneiaire an Gabon. Paris, 1933. Clawson, H. P. liy Their Works. Buffalo, 1941. Fuhrmann, Ernst. Afrika. Hagen, 1922 (Kulturen der Erde, 6). (For illustrations.) Griaule, M. Arts de TAlrique Noire. Paris, 1947. (Largely for illustrations.) "Masques dogons," Travaux et Metnoires de I'lnstitut d'Etlniologie, Paris.
XXXIIL
193S.
Munro. Priniitise Negro Sculpture. New \ork. 192(1. Guillaiune. P., ant! Hall, H. U. "Ciongo and \V'est Alritan Wood-Carvings," Jounidl, L'lii'i't'y.sily Miiscinii, Philadelphia. XIV (1923), 47-84, 101-34. "Fetish Figures from Equatorial ,\frita," Jouriuil, Unhiersity Museum, Phila1
delphia,
XI
.
(1920), 27-55.
"Great Benin Roval Altar." JmiDuil. University Museum. Philadelphia. XIII (1922), 105-67.
Hambly, W. D. Source Book
for African
Anlhopology. Chicago. Chicago Natural His-
Museum, 1937. 2 vols. (For reference.) Herskovits, M. J. The Backgrounds of African Art. Den\er Art Museum, 1945. Dahomey: An Ancient \Vest African Kingdom. New York, 1938. 2 vols. Herskovits, M. J., and F. S. Herskovits. "The .^rt of Dahomev. Amerirau Magazine tory
'
Art,
of
XXVII
(1934), 67-76, 124-31. Himmelheber, H. Negerkiinstler. Stuttgart, 1935.
Kjersmeier, Carl. African Negro Sculptures. Neiv York, 1948. Centres de style de la sculpture negre africaine. Paris, 1935-1938. 4 \o\s. Luschan, F. von. Die Altertiimer von Benin. Berlin, 1919. 3 vols. (For illustrations.) Maes, J. Aniota Kifwebe. Antwerp, 1924. "Figurines commemoratives et allegoric[iies du Congo Beige." [[wli. IV (1928), 77-91-
"Les Figurines scidjHces du Bas-Congo, Afyi((i, III (1930), 347-59. Maes, J., and H. La\acherv. .\rt negre. Brussels, 1930. (For illustrations.) Meyerowitz, Eva L. R. "Wood-Carving in the Yoruba Country Toda) " Africa, Xl\' ,
(1943), 66-70.
Meyerowitz, H. and
LXXV
\
.
"Bron/es and Tena-Cottas from Ile-Ife," Burliugto)i Magazine,
(1939), 150-55.
M. "Contrilnition to the Studv of the Chronology of African Plastic Art," Africa, XIV (1943), 183-93. Plastiek van Kongo. Antwerp, 1946. (For illustrations.)
Olbrechts, Frans
S. Religion and ;\rt in Ashanti. Oxford, 1927. E. .\rts of AVest Africa. Oxford, 1935. .Schwab, George. "Tribes of the Liberian Hinterland." Papers of the Peabody of American Arcliaeology and Ethnology. Cambridge, Mass., XXXI, 1947.
Rattray, R.
Sadler,
M.
Sweeney, J. J. African Negro Art. New York, Sydow, E. von. "African Sculpture," Africa,
Museum I (1928),
Thomas. Trevor. "Variation on a Theme: Analysis Cameroons." Man, XXXVIII (1938), 33-37. Torday, E.
of
Modern
Museum
Art, 1935.
210-27.
of Small
Carved Figures from
Bali,
On
the Trail of the Bushongo. Philadelphia, 1925. Wood of West Africa. London, 1947. (For illustrations.) Wingert, Paul S. "Congo .\rt, Transactions, Neu' York Academy of Sciences, Scries Vol. 9 (1947). 320-37.
Underwood,
L. Figures in
"
1 1
II,
CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITION Bambara, Sudan
1.
Seated Female Figure
2.
Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5365) Standing Female Figure Bambara, Sudan
Wood,
aoT/g
inches high
Wood, 2434
inches high
University Buffalo
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Museum
of Science (C 12758)
Standing Female Figure Bambara, Sudan Brooklyn Museum (22.1094) Twin Figure Bambara (?), Sudan Brooklyn Museum (22.1456) Antelope Headpiece (Tji Wara) Bambara, Sudan University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-125) Antelope Headpiece (Tji Wara) Bambara, Sudan Brooklyn Museum (22.7)
Bambara, Sudan
Animal Mask
Wood,
ca.
38 inches high
\Vood.
ca. 9
inches high
^Vood,
24^/4,
inches high
Wood,
271/^
inches long,
high ^Vood, 16 inches high 13 inches
11.
Buffalo Museum of Science (C 13457) ^Vood, 24 inches high Bovs' Secret Society Mask (N'tomo) Bambara, Sudan Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12755) AVood, 22 4/5 inches high Seated Figure Dogon, Sudan University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-97) Wood, 21 3/5 inches high Seated Figure Dogon (Bandiagara), Sudan University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-98) Polychromed wood. 35 inches high Mask Upper \'olta, Sudan
12.
Bird Headpiece
8.
9.
10.
Gross, New York Sudan Collection Ralph C. Altman, Los Angeles Standing Male Figure Baga, French Guinea
Collection
13.
^Vood,
19:54
inches high
"Wood.
261/^
inches high
^Vood, Standing Female Figure Baga, French Guinea University Museum, Philadelphia (29-94-9) Female Secret Society Mask (Biiiidu) Mendi, Sierra Leone
181/0
inches high
Buffalo 14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Chaim (?),
Museum
of Science (C 13146)
Wood. 14 inches high Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12978) Female Secret Society' Mask and Costume (Buiidii) Mendi, Sierra Leone Wood and raffia. 15 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (37-22-268) Staff Used by Female Secret Society Mendi, Sierra Leone University Museum, Philadelphia (37-22-3) Wood. 30 inches long Standing Female Figure Mendi (?), Sierra Leone \Vood, 27 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/1513) Standing Female Figure Mendi (?), Sierra Leone Wood, 20i/4 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/1514) Standing Female Figure Mendi (?), Sierra Leone "Wood, 29 inches high Collection Chaim Gross, Ne\\' York Divination Figure (Yassi) Sherbro, Sierra Leone Wood, 1714 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (37-22-279) Small Stone Figure (A^omori) Siei-ra Leone Steatite, 5I/2 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (43-23-1) Secret Society Mask (Poro) Liberia "Wood. 131^ inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard University (37-77-50/3005) Secret Society Mask (Poro) Liberia Wood. 11 1/9 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard LIniversity (37-77-50/2618) Secret Society Mask (Poro) Liberia Wood. ca. 10 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard University (40-34-50/4588)
12
26.
Secret Society
Mask
Wood,
Liberia
(Fo)o)
i8i/4
inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (37-7'7-5o/2983) 27.
28.
29.
Wood, 22 inches high Secret Society Mask (Poro) Liberia Peabody Museiun, Harvard LJniversity (37-77-50/2744) Wood, loi/^ inches high Secret Society Mask (Foro) Liberia Peabody Museum, Harvard Univeisity (37-77-50/2657) ^Vood. 01^4 inches high Secret Society Mask (Fojo) Liberia 1
Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12760) Liberia 30. Secret Society ^LvsK (Poro) Buff;i]o Museum of Science (C 13729) Liberia 31. Secret Society Mask (Poro)
Chaim Secret Society Mask Collection
32.
Gross,
Wood.
9I/2
Wood.
inches high
15 inches
high
New York
(Poro)
AV'ood. 91^ inches high
Liberia-Ivory Coast
35.
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/6992) Wood, metal detail. 41/2 feet high Staff Used BY Secret Society (Poro) Liberia Peabody Museum, Harvard University (L 279) Wood, ca. 3 feet long Large Carved Ladle Liberia Peabody Museum, Harvard University (H 1086) Wood. 19 inches high Standing Female Figure Liberia
36.
Standing Female Figure
33.
34.
Buffalo
Museum
of Science (C 12759)
Wood.
Liberia
1814 inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (37-77-50/2689) 37.
Standing Female Figure
38.
39.
40.
41.
43.
Ne\\"
Museum of Science
2014 inches high
York (90.1/6994)
Seated Female Figure Baoule, Ivory Coast Collection Vincent Price, Beverly Hills Seated Female Figure Baoule, Ivory Coast University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-69) Standing Male Figure Baoule, Ivory Coast LIniversity Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-72) Standing Male Figure Baoule, Ivory Coast Buffalo
(2.
Wood.
Baoule. Ivory Coast
American Museum of Natural History,
Wood.
22 inches high
Wood.
17 inches
Wood.
high
1614 inches high
Wood.
14 inches
high
(C 12972)
Seated Female Figure, Child on Back Baoule, Ivorv Coast University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-68) AVood, 171/9 inches high Mask Baoule, Ivory Coast Wood, 15 inches high
Museum of Science (C 12719) Baoule, Ivory Coast LIniversity Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5369) Mask Baoule, Ivory Coast Collection Ralph C. Altmau, Los Angeles Mask Baoule, Ivory Coast Collection \'incent Price, Beverly Hills Mask WITH Bird Baoule, Ivory Coast Collection Seklen Rodman, New York Gong Mallet Baoule, Ivory Coast Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12515) Weaving Pulley Baoule, Ivory Coast Buffalo
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
Mask
Mine Helena Rulainstein, New York Weaving Pulley Baoule, Ivory Coast Collection Mme Helena Rubinstein, New York Weaving Pulley Baoule, Ivory Coast
\Vood.
12
inches high
^Yood. 14 inches high
W\)od.
ca. 13
inches high
W'ood.
ca. 18
inches high
Wood.
9 inches high
^Vood.
ca.
414 inches high
Wood,
ca.
414 inches high
Collection
50.
51.
Collection Julius Carlebach. Ne\v York Baoule, Ivory Coast 52. Weaving Pulley University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-75) 53.
Standing
Male Figure Guro, Ivory Coast Museum. Philadelphia (29-12-81)
Wood.
ca. 5
inches high
\Vood,
ca. 5
inches high
^Vood.
1614,
inches high
University
13
54-
55.
56.
57.
Horned Mask with Bird Guro (?), Ivory Coast ^Vood, 2014 inches high over-all University Museum, Philadelphia (29-35-1) Wood, gS/^ inches high Animal Mask avith Horns Guro, Ivory Coast University Museum, Philadelphia (29-12-145) ^Vood, igs/j inches high Mask with Horns Guro, Ivory Coast University Museum, Philadelphia (29-35-3) Wood, 61/2 inches high Standing Female Figure Senufo, Ivory Coast Buffalo
Museum
of Science (C 13727)
^V'ood, 15 inches high Seated Male Figure Senufo, Ivory Coast Brooklyn Museum (22.1093) Senufo-Mossi, North Ivory Coast 59. Seated Female Figure ^\ ith Charms Wood, 17 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/7180A) ^Vood, ioi/4 inches high Senufo, Ivory Coast 60. Mask Brooklyn Museum (22.507) Wood, 15 inches high Senufo, Ivory Coast 61. Mask Brooklyn Museum (22.1556) Wood, 15 1/2 inches high Ashanti, Gold Coast 62. Fektiuty FiGVRE (Akiia'Ba) Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HA. 1965) Wood, 131/9 inches high Ashanti, Gold Coast 63. Fertility Figure (.-J Aii« 'iJfl) Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HA. 1968) Wood, 9 inches high Ashanti, Gold Coast 64. Fertility Figure (.-i/£2ta 'i5fl) Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1006 T) Ashanti, Gold Coast Wood, 11 inches high 65. Fertility Figure (J fet/a 'jBfl) Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1007 T) Brass, 8 inches high 66. Figure Representing a Spirit Ashanti, Gold Coast Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1008 T) Ashanti, Gold Coast Brass, 5 inches high 67. Small Funerary Mask Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (669) 68. Small Figure Group Ashanti, Gold Coast Brass, 6 inches long Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1009 T) Ashanti, Gold Coast Brass, 214 inches high 69. Three Drummers Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (646) 1-2 1/^ inches high 70-87. Gold Weights, Scales, Box, Spoon Ashanti, Gold Coast Weights cast by cire perdue (lost wax) process, depicting proverbs, fantastic animals, scenes from daily life, geometric forms Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111.; University Museum, Philadelphia; Buffalo Museum of Science; American Museum of Natural History, New York; Collection Julius Carlebach. New York 88. Three Seated Musicians Fanti (?), Gold Coast Pottery, 10 inches high, American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/89) los,^ inches long 89. Vase with Three Heads Fanti (?), Gold Coast Pottery, 13 inches high 58.
Buffalo Museum of Science (C 15896) (Kudiio), Animals on Top Ashanti, Gold Coast Buffalo Museum of Science (C 15748) 91. Urn (Kiiduo), Animals on Top Ashanti, Gold Coast Collection William Moore, Los Angeles 90.
92.
Urn
Figure
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville 93.
Figure
94.
Figure
95.
Herskovits, Evanston,
J.
Herskovits, Evanston,
J.
Herskovits, Evanston,
Collection Professor Melville
J.
Herskovits, Evanston,
14
inches high
ca. 10
inches high
ca. 10
inches high
ca.
inches high
111. (3)
Wood,
Wood Carving Dahomey
ca. 10
III. (2)
Wood,
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville
Bronze, 834 inches high
Wood, J.
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville
Bronze, 10 inches high
111. (6)
Wood, 111.
(116)
1 1
96.
Wood
Carxing
Wood,
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville 97.
99.
Figure Group
J.
Hersko\its. Evanston.
111.
ca.
1
1
inches high
(117)
(85)
Brass, ca. 7 inches high
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville
J.
Herskovits. Evanston.
111.
(93)
Brass, ca. 7 inches high
Dahomey
Collection Professor Melville 100.
111.
Brass, ca. 7 inches high
Collection Professor Melville
Figure Group
Herskovits. Evanston.
Dahomey
Figure Group
98.
J.
J.
Herskovits. Evanston.
Female Figure Carrying Jar on Head
(2052) Brass, 614 inches high
111.
Dahomey
102.
American Mnsenm of Natnral History, New York (90.1/7441) Brass. 51/^ inches long Antelope Eating Eeaf Dahomey American Museum of Natural History. New York (90.1/7452) Wood, ca. 18 inches long Carved Chief's Scepter Dahomey
103.
Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, lOronto Equestrian Figure Yoruba, Nigeria
101.
Newark Museum 104.
Twin Figure
(/;;(;7/')
^Vood, 1134 inches high
(24.2458)
Yoruba. Nigeria
106.
107.
108.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
Standing Figure Yoruba, Nigeria Brooklvn Museum (22.1517) Stool Carved xvith Two Tiers of Figures
1
18.
119.
120.
121.
122.
Wood, 111.
91/^
inches high
(269)
inches high inches high inches high
Po]\chromcd xvood, 23 inches high Yoruba. Nigeria
Polychromed wood. ca. 30 inches high Ro)al Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto Polychromed wood. M.vsK WITH Carved Group ON Top Yoruba, Nigeria University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 2002) 39 inches high Polychromed wood. Double Mask Yoruba, Nigeria or South Dahomey ca. 9 inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology Ma,sk with Figure ON Top Yoruba, Nigeria Polychromed wood. 30 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, III. (330) Mask WITH Turban Yoruba, Nigeria or South Dahomev Polychromed wood, Brooklyn Museum (22.757) ca. 11 inches high
Mask
^Vood. 9 inches high
Yoruba, Nigeria
Divination Vessel
(.^/e/Z/fl)
111.
(21)
Polychromed wood.
Yoruba, Nigeria
141/9 inches high Divination \'essel (Ajelifa) Yoruba, Nigeria Polychromed wood. i3i/{, inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, III. (233) Divination Vessel (Ajelifa) Yoruba. Nigeria Polychromed \\ood, (3 inches high Collection Professor ^Villiam R. Bascom, Evanston, III. (15) Wood Carving Yoruba, Nigeria Polychromed wood, ca. 12 inches high Collection Professor Melville J. Herskovits. Evanston, III. (216) Divination Vessel Yoruba, Nigeria Polychromed wood, 25 inches high Collection William Moore, Los .\ngeles "Bell" Used in Divination Yoruba, Nigeria Ivory, 9 inches high Collection Professor William R. Ba.scom, Evanston, 111. (1001 'F) Divination Tray Yoruba, Nigeria ^Vood, loi/^ inches Diameter Collection Professor \Villiam R. Bascom, Evanston, III. (13)
Collection Professor ^Villiam R. Bascom, E\anston,
117.
inches high
Rene d'Harnoncourt, New York
Collection Professor William R. Bascom. Evanston, 116.
91/^
111. (2(17)
Wood, 8:4 TwTN Figure (Ibeji) Yoruba, Nigeria Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12975) Wood, ca. 9 Twin Figure (/^^(^'y/) Yoruba. Nigeria Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HA. 872) Wood, 15 Staff with Mother and Child Group Yoruba, Nigeria Collection
109.
Wood,
.
Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston. Yorul)a, Nigeria 105. Twin Figure (//;ey7) Collection Professor William R. Bascom. Evanston.
111.
(46)
15
123.
Pair of Divination "Bells"
Yoiuba, Nigeria
Brass, lyy^ inches long
Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1002 T; 1003 T) Brass, each 714 inches long Yoruba, Nigeria 124. Secret Society Symbols Collection Professor William R. Bascom. Evanston, III. (1004 T) Brass and iron, 19 inches long Yoruba, Nigeria 125. "Messenger Poker" Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 126.
Female Head
127.
Male Head
Ife,
111.
Collection Professor ^Villiam R. Bascom, Evanston,
111.
131.
132.
Carved Figure
133.
Mother and Child
129.
130.
Buffalo
(1005 T)
Bronze, 934 inches high
Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, Ife, Nigeria
Altar Head OF King Benin, Nigeria University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5081) Smaller Head for Altar Benin, Nigeria University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5082) Relief Plaque WITH Three Figures Benin, Nigeria University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 2066) Staff Surmounted by Bird Benin, Nigeria
128.
111.
Nigeria
Bronze, Bronze.
121/9
inches high
71/9
inches high
1
Bronze, 8 inches high
Bronze,
ca.
20 inches high.
18 inches wide Bronze, 1214 inches high
Museum
of Science (C 12763) Benin, Nigeria University Museum, Philadelphia (29-93-1)
Ivory, 1414 inches high Ivory, 534 inches high
Benin, Nigeria
Collection William Moore, Los Angeles 134.
University
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
Arm Band Benin, Nigeria Museum, Philadelphia (29-93-4
Carved and Pierced
Ivory, 5 inches wide.
3 inches diameter Pierced Carving with Figures Benin, Nigeria Ivory, 10 inches high Buffalo Museum of Science (C 14885) Small Basin Benin, Nigeria Ivory, 714 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (29-94-2) Relief Car\ed Box Benin, Nigeria Wood, 20:4 inches long Buffalo Museum of Science (C 15584) Funerary Mask (Mmf) Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 171/^ inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5371) Funerary Mask (Maw) Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 1614 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/7585) Funerary Mask (Afrt-a;) Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 19 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (345) Mask Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 14 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (504) Mask Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 12 inches high
Collection Professor 'William R. Bascom, Evanston. 111. (498) Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 1 1 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (258) Ibo, Nigeria 144. Animal Mask Wood, 1514 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (213) 143.
Mask
145.
Mask
Ibo, Nigeria
Collection Professor AVilliam R. Bascom, Evanston, Ibo, Nigeria 146. Mask Collection Professor William R. Jiascom, Evanston, Ibo, Nigeria 147. Mask Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston,
Horned Animal Mask
Wood, 111.
1
ii4 inches high
(83)
Wood, 8i4 111.
Wood, 111.
inches high
(96)
31 14 inches high
(304)
Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 15 inches high Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (509) 149. Carved Figure (//,'c»ogfl) Ibo, Nigeria Wood, 2oi/^ inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (.-VF 5338) 150. Raffia Mat Ibo or Ibibio, Nigeria Raffia, ca. 18 inches long Collection Professor AVilliam R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (1013 T) 148.
i6
153-
Wood. 24 inches high Top Ibibio, Nigeria Ralph Linton, New Haven, Conn. Seated Male and Female Figures, Mask Top Ibibio, Nigeria Wood, ca. 28 inches high Collection Mme Helena Rubinstein, Ne\v York Wood, 25 inches high Mask Headpiece Ibibio, Nigeria
154-
Mask
151.
Seated Female Figure, Mask Collection Dr.
152.
Collection Professor \Villiam R. Bascoin. Evanston,
157-
158.
Mask
i6o.
III.
Wood, Wood,
Ijaw, Nigeria
8i/4
inches high
(218) ca.
30 inches high
ca. 14
inches high
Peabody Museum of Salem, Mass. (E 6764) Wood, 37 inches high M.\sk of Fish Deity Ijaw, Nigeria Collection Professor William R. Bascom, Evanston, 111. (75) Skin-covered Head Worn as Mask Headpiece Ekoi, Nigeria— Southwest Animal skin over palmwood frame, 9 inches high Cameroon Buffalo
159-
(348)
Wood,
Collection Professor William R. Bascoin. Evanston, Ijaw, Nigeria 155- Mask Headpiece Peabody Museum of Salem, Mass. (E 14379) 156.
111.
Ibibio, Nigeria
Museum of Science
(C 13147)
Wood,
Standing Figure Central Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (175691) Standing Figure Central Cameroon
Wood.
151/4
ca.
inches high
20 inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 4959) 161.
162.
163.
Standing Male Figure Central Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (175745) Standing Figure Central Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (175715) Standing Figure Central Cameroon
^Vood, 28 inches high \V'ood, 20 inches high
^Vood, 18 inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard Uni\eisity (B 4931) 164.
165.
166.
Modeled Figure
Central
Cameroon
Black
Chicago Natural History Museum (174532) Modeled Figure Central Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (175758) Seated Figure Holding Bo\vl Central Cameroon Buffalo
Museum
clay, 7 inches
high
Bronze, 6 inches higli
Wood,
1614 inches high
of Science (C 12516)
167.
Bowl Supported by Carved Animals Central Cameroon Wood, Buffalo Museum of Science (C 13039)
168.
Stool Supported by Carved Animals
Central
Cameroon
10I/2
inches high
Wood, beaded surface.
16 inches high, 17 inches diameter 169.
Chicago Natural History Museum (175559) Stool with Carved Figures Central Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (175549) Door Lintel Carved with Animals Central Cameroon Buffalo
Museum
Wood,
16 inches high
Wood,
41 inches long.
of Science (C 13040)
Large Antelope Mask
Central
8 feet
high high
13 inches
high
7 inches
Central Cameroon Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Central Cameroon 172. Large Animal Mask Buffalo Museum of Science (C 13037) Central Cameroon 173- Large Animal Mask Collection Dr. RaljDh Linton, New Haven, Conn. Central Cameroon 174. Large Animal Mask Collection Chaim Gross, New York
Carved Doorpost
Cameroon
Wood, Wood,
^V'ood, 18 inches high ^V'ood, 12 I/O inches hi'>h
Polychromed
^^oo^l,
29 inches long over-all
American Museum 176.
Mask
Central
of Natural History,
Cameroon
New York
(90.0/15) Brass, 12 inches high
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/7488)
17
Mask
Central
AVood,
Cameroon
178.
Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto Mask Southern Cameroon Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 3005)
179-
Small Mask
i8o.
Chicago Natural History Museum (175632) Head vmth Crows of Human Figures Cameroon Buffalo
181.
AVood,
ca. 15
Wood,
Cameroon
Museum
ca. 12
71/2
inches high inches high inches high
Pottery. 12 inches hisjh
of Science (C 12514)
Staff Surmoun fed bv
Human
Figure and Animai
Cameroon Brass, Figures lo inches high
Peal)odv Museum, Harvard University (B 4962) Cameroon 1S2. Pipe Bowl, Seated Figure Chicago Natural History Museum (174983) Cameroon .83. Modeled Pipe Bowl Chicago Natural History Museum (174918) .84.
Modeled Pipe Bowl Modeled Pipe Bowl
187.
188.
189.
Modeled Bell
Red
Museum
clay, 10 inches
Black clay,
Museum
high
(174988)
Cameroon
Chicago Natural History 186.
Black clav. 9 inches high
Cameroon
Chicago Natural History '85.
Black clav. 8 inches high
71/^
inches high
(174921)
Bronze, 6 inches high
Cameroon
Chicago Natural History Museum (174818) Carved Spoon Cameroon Chicago Natural History Museum (174425) Carved Spoon Cameroon Chicago Natural History >ruseum (174462) Carved Comb Cameroon
W'ood, 8 inches long
Wood,
81/2
inches long
\Vood.
ca. 5
inches high
\Vood.
231/^
inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 4935) 190.
191.
192.
193-
'94-
Seated
Male Figure
Fang, Southeast Cameroon-Gabun
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 2132) ^V'ood, 24 inches high Seated Male Figure Fang. Southeast Cameroon-Gal)un Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 3822) Half-Length Female Figure Fang, Gabun AVood, 21I/0 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 4973) Half-Length Male Figure Holding Child Fan", Gabun Wood. Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 4974) 261/4 inches high Seated
Male Figure
Fang, Ciabun
AVood, 25 inches high
Collection Jack Passer, Brooklyn 195-
Small Standing Male Figure Collection Julius Carlebach,
196.
Fang,
Gabun
AVood,
8i/^
inches high
New York
Male Figure Fang (?), Gabun AVood. 30 inches high Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5188) Standing Figure Gabun AVood. 30 inches high University Museum, Piiiladelphia (22222) Funerary Figure Bakota, Gabun Brass over wood. 21 inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeologv ] oronto Funerary Figure Bakota, Gabun Brass over wood, 20 inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeologv Toronto Funerary Figure Bakota, Gabun Brass, copper over v\ood, 21 14 inches high Newark Museum, Newark, N. J. (24.249) Standing
University
'97-
198.
.
199-
.
Funerary Figure
Bakota, Ciabim
Brass, copper over
wood. 2414 inches high
Collection Jack Passer, Brooklyn
Large Head of Funerary Figure 203.
Bakota,
Museum, Philadelphia Funerary Figure Bakota, Gabun Ihiiversity Museum. Philadelphia University
18
Gabun
(29-12-190)
Brass, copper over Brass, copper over
(29-12-210)
wood.
18 inches high
181/i
wood.
inches high
204-
Mask
Gabun Museum. Phihidelphia Fang (?), Gabun Fang
205.
Mask
Wood.
(?),
University
Wood.
American Museum of Natural History, 206.
Female Secret Society Mask Brooklyn
207.
Ogowe
New York
River,
212.
ioi/4
inches high
ca. 15
inches higli
(90.1/7584)
Gabun
Wood,
Museum of Science
Female Secret Society Mask
Ogowe
River.
Wood.
Gabun
r4 inches
high
(C 1382)
Ogowe
Wood,
River. Gal)un
Collection \'incent Price, Beverly Hills Ogowe River, Gabun 209. Female Secret Society Mask University Museum. Philadelphia (29-12-175) LoAver Congo River. 210. Kneeling Female Figure
211.
high
(22.225)
Female Secret Society Mask Buffalo
208.
Museum
15 inches
(29-^53-21)
ca. 15
Wood,
Wood. 1 Western Belgian Congo American Museum of Natural History. New York (90.1 '5898) Kneeling Female Fetish Figure Lower Congo River. Wood. Western Belgian Congo Peabody Museum. Harvard University (B 1582) Seated Female Figure Lower Congo River, Western
1
inches high
10 inches
i/o
high
inches high
12 inches higii
Wood. 1214 inches high Brooklyn Museum (22.1141) Seated Mother and Child LoAver Congo River. Western Wood, 12 14 inches high Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1 136) Small Seated Mother and Child FErisH Lower Congo Ri\er. Wood. 9 inches high Western Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1426) Seated Musician Louver Congo River. Western Belgian Congo Wood, 23 inches high American Mu.seum of Natural History, New York 6368) Seated Male Fetish Figure Lower Congo River, Wood, 8 inches high AVestern Belgian Congo Belgian Congo
213.
214.
215.
(
216.
Buffalo
Museum
1
of Science (C 1649)
Seated Male Figure Lower Congo River, \Vestern Belgian Congo Wood, 5 inches high Brooklyn Museum (22.1450) 218. Seated Male Fetish Figure Lower Congo River. AVesteni Wood. 12I/2 inches high Belgian Congo 217.
Collection 219.
Chaim
Gross, Ne\\' York
Scepter avith Figures, Used in Boys' Lnitiation Rites Lower Congo River, Western Belgian Congo \V"ood. raffia, Buffalo
Museum
.seeds,
14:^ inches high
of Science (C 12720)
with Kneeling Female Figure Lower Congo Ri\er, Western Belgian Congo Wood, 5614 inches long, figure 4:1/1 inches high American >[useum of Natural History, New York (90,0/3772) Carved Tusk Louver Congo River, AV'estern Belgian Congo Ivory, 26 inches long American Museum of Natural History, New "^ork (90,0/96) Standing Female Figure Lo\\er Congo-Bateke, Western Congo Area University Afuseum, Philadel|3hia (29-59-68) AV'ood, 1814 inches high Fetish Figure, Medicine on Head Bateke (?), Western Congo Area University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5119) \Vood, 2334 inches high Janus Fetish Figure Bateke (?), Western Congo Area Wood, 10 inches high Collection Jack Passer, Brookh n Fetish Figure Bateke, Western Congo Area Wood, 121/ inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 4706) Fetish Figure Bateke, \Vestein Congo Area AVood, clav. 16 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/8623)
220. St.\ff
221.
222.
223.
224.
225. 226.
19
230.
Wood, ca. 36 inches high Bateke, Western Congo Area Helena Rubinstein, New York Standing Fetish Figure Bateke, Western Congo Area Wood, clay, 18 inches high Collection Chaim Gross, New York Polychromed wood. Mask with Handle Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo loi/^ inches high Brooklyn Museum (22.1583) Polychromed wood, Mask with Handle Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo
231.
Mask with Handle and Headdress
227-
Large Fetish Figure Collection
228.
229.
Buffalo
Mme
Museum
91/2 inches high Bayaka, W^estern Belgian Congo Polychromed wood and raffia, 24 inches high over-all
of Science (C 12615)
American Museum 232.
of Natural History,
New York
(90.1/7951)
Mask Surmounted by Animal Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo University Museum. Philadelphia (AF 1875) 141/9
inches high
raffia, 12 1/9
inches high
Polychromed wood, 233.
Mask with Bulbous Head
Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo
Polychromed wood and Buffalo 234.
235.
Museum
of Science (C 12612)
Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo Wood, Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 1554) Mother and Child Figure Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo Wood,
Standing Female Figure
11
inches high
11
inches high
Museum of Science (C 12780) Vertical Drum Carved wtth Head Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo Wood, ca. 14 inches Collection Charles B. Spencer, Jr., New York Small Vertical Drum with Head Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo Wood, ca. 5 inches Brooklyn Museum Buffalo
236.
237.
Two
238.
Neck-Rest Carved with
239.
Whistle Carved with Head
Buffalo
Museum Museum
Heads
high high
Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo
of Science (C 12781)
Wood, 514
inches high
Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo
Wood, 6 inches high Bayaka, Western Belgian Congo Wood, 10 inches high Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12713) Bayaka, ^Vestern Belgian Congo 241. Comb Decorated with Carved Head ^V^ood, 71/9 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (29-94-4) Bapende, West Central Belgian Congo Wood, fiber, raffia. 242. Mask 12I/9 inches high Collection Edward Cans, New York Bapende, W^est Central Belgian Congo Wood, fiber, raffia, 13 inches high 243. Mask The Schomburg Collection of the New York Public Library Buffalo
240. Scepter
244.
of Science (C 12622)
with Small Figure
104 West 136th Street Small Mask-Charm (Buya)
Brooklyn
Museum
Bapende, West Central Belgian Congo Ivory, ca. 3 inches high
245.
Small Mask-Charm (Buya)
246.
Small Mask-Charm (Buya) Bapende, West Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (30-59-1) Ivory, 21/9 inches high Musical Instrument (Zauze), Carved Head on Top Bapende (?). West Central Belgian Congo Wood, metal, ca. 8 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/8484) Mask with Long Horns A more eastern group of Bapende, Central Belgian Congo Polychromed wood, 24 inches high over-all American Museiun of Natural History, New York (90.0/6845) Mask ^\ ith Horns Bapende, ^Vest Central Belgian Congo
Brooklyn
247.
248.
249.
250.
Museum
Bapende, ^Yestern Central Belgian Congo Ivory, ca. 3 inches high
Polychromed wood, 141/^ inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/7562) Mask Surmounted by Two Figures Bakete, Central Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1690) Polychromed wood, 1534 inches high over-all
20
Congo
251.
Large Mask
252.
Polychromed wood and raffia, American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/6935) Mask with Horns Bakete, Central Belgian Congo
Bakete, Central Belgian
Wood,
19 inches
high
1914 inches high over-all
256.
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/8296) Polychromed wood, 8 inches high Flat Mask Bakete, Central Belgian Congo American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/8646) Carved Head Bakete, Central Belgian Congo Polychromed wood, 181/9 inches high over-all American Museinn of Natural History, Ne\v York (90.0/6902) Polychromed wood, loy^ inches high Fetish Figure Bakete, Belgian Congo American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/9008) Half-Figure on Stake Bakete (?), Central Belgian Congo
257.
American Museum of Natural History, Ne^v York (90.0/8958) Neck-Rest, Figure Support Bambala, Central Belgian Congo
253. 254.
255.
Wood,
147/g
inches high over-all
Wood, 534 University
Museum, Philadelphia (AF
Banibala,West Central Belgian Congo
258.
Decorated Rattle
259.
Museum of Science Carved Bo\vl wtth Claw Legs Buffalo
The Schomburg
inches high
796)
Wood,
7
inches long
(C 1829)
Bushongo, Central lielgian Congo
Collection of the
New York
Wood, ca. 20 inches high Public Library (39)
262.
104 West 136th Street Carved Drum Bashilele (?), Central Belgian Congo Wood, 271/i inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HAC. 395) Carved Drum Bashilele (?), Central Belgian Congo Wood, 24I/2 inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HAC. 397) Decorated Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 6:54 inches high
263.
Decorated Cup
260.
261.
Buffalo Buffalo 264. 265. 266.
267. 268.
269. 270.
271. 272.
273.
274.
Museum
of Science (C 12700)
Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo
Museum
Decorated Cup
Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.173) Effigy Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1487) Double Effigy Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1488) Goblet-like Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1944) Effigy Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1484) Decorated Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Decorated Cup Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Double Effigy Cup Bashilele, Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1948) Carved "Lunar" Box Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 525) Carved Box Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Carved Box Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Buffalo
Museum
Wood,
inches high
5!/^
of Science (C 12769)
of Science (C 12697)
Wood,
7
inches high
Wood,
ej/j
inches high
Wood,
r,y,^
inches high
Wood,
734 inches high
Wood,
714 inches high
Wood,
ca. 7
inches high
\V'ood, ca. 7 inches higli
Wood, Wood, Wood.
7
inches high
1014 inches long
ca. 8
inches long.
6 inches wide
Wood,
71/^ 31/^
inches long, inches high
21
'je,.
Raffia Pile Cloih
Palm
Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo
University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1416) Bushongo, Central Belgian 276. Raffia Pile Cloth
51 inches
fiber,
by 24 inches
Congo
Palm
fiber
277.
Brooklyn Museum Raffia Pile Cloth Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo
Palm
fiber
•I'-
Museum, Philadelphia Decorated Gong Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo University
Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Bushongo (?), Central Belgian Congo 279. Carved Horn Collection Jidius Carlebach, New York Bushongo-Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo 280. Mask
^Vood,
ca. 7
inches long
Horn,
ca. 12
inches long
Wood,
shell, fiber,
15 inches high Collection Mr. and Mrs. Bernard J. Reis, New York Wood, iGi/, inches high Bushongo-Isambo, Central Belgian Congo 281. Mask University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1879) Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Wood, ca. 31^4 inches high 282. Effigy Pipe Bowl
286.
Peabody Museum. Harvard University (B 1821) Animal Divination Figure (Itombiva) Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 12I/2 inches long Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12698) Animal Divination Figure (Itombwa) Bushongo, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 12I/2 inches long Universitv Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5196) Polychromed wood. Mask Bushongo or Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo 13I/9 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 3685) Polychromed wood, Mask Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo
287.
Mask
288.
Standing Figure
283.
284.
285.
289.
290.
291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.
297. 298.
299. 300.
301.
Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo
ca. 10
inches high
Polychromed wood,
18 inches American Museum of Natural History, Ne\v York (90.0/2260) Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo Wood, ii inches University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 620) "Wood, 1514 inches Standing Figure Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo Collection Chaim Gross, Ne^v York Standing Male Figure Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 628) ^Vood, gi/^ inches Standing Figure Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo W^ood, 9 inches LTniversity Museimi, Philadelphia (AF 5191) Squatting Fetish Figure Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo Lhiiversity Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5184) W^ood, 91/^ inches Small Squatting Fetish Figure Bena Lidua, Central Belgian Congo
high high
high
high high
high
Brooklyn Museum (22.1448) Wood, 5 inches high Female Standing Figure Bena Lulua, Central Belgian Congo Collection Chaim Gross, New York W^ood, 7 inches high Neck-Rest with Figure Support Bena Lidua or Basonge, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 6i/^ inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5154) Standing Fetish Figure Basonge, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 10 inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5194) Standing Fetish Figure Basonge, Central Belgian Congo University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1332) Wood, 141/9 inches high Standing Fetish Figure Basonge, Central Belgian Congo Wood, 7 inches high. Collection Dr. Ralph Linton, New Haven, Conn. iron spike in head Fetish Figi re Basonge, Central Belgian Congo ^Vood, ca. 8 inches high Collection Gordon Mclntire, Washington, D. C. Cup Carved as Entire Figure Basonge, Central Belgian Congo Peabody Museum, Harvard University (B 1598) Wood, ca. 7 inches high Axe wtth Engraved Heads Basonge, Central Belgian Congo Iron. 17 inches long, blade 13 inches long
Collection Jack Passer,
22
Brookh n
302.
Woven
Basonge, Central Belgian Congo
Mask
Fiber
Fiber,
Museum, Philadelphia (AF Basonge, Central Belgian Congo
University 305.
Mask
104
West 136th
Collection of the
i^iA inches high
Wood,
New York
16 inches high
Wood.
Congo
17 inches
Congo Wood,
Public Library
ca.
high
30 inches high
(36)
Street
Stool with Female Figure as Support
Bena Kanioka, Central \Vood,
Belgian Congo 309.
Wood,
Museum of Science
The Schomburg 308.
feathers.
1881)
(C 13728) Basonge or Baluba, Central Belgian 306. Round Mask Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12776) Basonge, Central Belgian 307. Large Standing Figure Buffalo
raffia,
39 inches high AVood, 131/^ inches high
Collection Dr. George E. Altman, Los Angeles Basonge, Central Belgian Congo 303. Mask University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5115) Basonge, Central Belgian Congo 304. Mask
ca.
20 inches high
Peabody Museum, Harvard University (17-41-50/B 1568) Seated Female Figure Holding Bowl Bena Kanioka or Baluba,
AVood, 15 inches long. 121/0 inches high Central Belgian Congo Collection Julius Carlebach, New York Baluba or Bena Kanioka, 310. Female Standing Figure with Gourd Wood. 22 inches high Central Belgian Congo Collection Mncent Price, Be\erly Hills Wood. Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo 311. Standing Fem,\le Figure Brooklyn Museum (22.1452) 10 inches high Baluba, Southeastern 312. Seated Female Figure Holding Bowl (Kabila) Belgian Congo Wood, i2i/^ inches high University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5120) Wood, 14I/2 inches high 313. Figure Holding Bowl (Kabila) Baluba, Eastern Congo 314.
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/242313) Stool with Female Figure as Support Baluba, Southeastern
Wood, Museum, Philadelphia (AF 5121) Stool with Female Figure as Support Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Wood. Collection Mr. and Mrs. Bernard J. Reis, New York Figure Supporting Bowl Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Wood, ca. Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HAC. 28) Water Pipe Carved with Female Figure Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Belgian Congo
17 inches
high
University
315.
316.
317.
Brooklyn 318.
as Support
Wood, 22 inches high
Wood,
3 feet
high
Museum
Neck-Rest with
of Science (C 12785) Figure as Support Baluba (Zappo Zap),
Belgian Congo
322.
inches high
Baluba, Southeastern
East Central Belgian Congo Wood, University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 4026) 320. Neck-Rest with Figure as Support Baluba, Southeastern
321.
1 1
(22.1108)
Bow-Rest with Female Figure Belgian Congo Buffalo
319.
Museum
22 inches high
51/0
Wood,
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/5042) Ceremonial Axe Decorated with Carved Head Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Wood and iron, ca. Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (H.\C. 26) Ceremonial Axe with Carved Head Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo
American Museum
inches high
7 inches
high
12 inches
long
Wood, 131^ inches long, blade, 91/. inches long of Natural History. New York (90.0/5052)
23
Half-Figure as Charm Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Brooklyn Museum (22.1233) Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo 324. Half-Figure as Charm Brooklyn Museum (22.1234) Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo 325. Half-Figure as Charm
Ivory,
323.
Museum
31/2
inches high Ivory,
314 inches high Ivory,
3I/9 inches high Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Wood, 3 feet, 8 inches long University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 1959) Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo 327. Staff Decorated with Heads Wood. 5 feet, 7 inches long Brooklyn Museiun (22.205) Baluba, 328. Powder Horn, Gourd Covered ^vith Copper Wire Southeastern Belgian Congo 7 inches high
Buffalo
326. Staff
of Science (C 12724)
Decorated with Figure
Buffalo
Museum
of Science (C 4554)
334.
Ivory, ca. 6 inches long Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo Buffalo Museum of Science (C 15574) Ivory. 6 inches long Spoon Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo American Museum of Natural History, Ne^\' York (90.0/5087) Ivory, 67/g inches long Spoon Baluba, Southeastern Belgian Congo American Museum of Natural History, Ne^v York (90.0/249B) Wood and raffia, Mask AV'arega, Eastern Belgian Congo Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12690) 61/9 inches high AVood. woven-fiber fringe, Mask Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo Buffalo Museum of Science ca. 9 inches high Standing Figure Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo Ivory, 4 inches high
335.
Standing Figure
329.
330.
331.
332.
333.
Spoon
Buffalo
336.
Ivory, ca. 4 inches high Ivory, ca. 9 inches high
of Science (C 15566)
Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo
Museum
Decorated Flute Buffalo
339.
Museum
Small Figure Buffalo
338.
of Science (C 12692)
Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo Collection Julius Carlebach, Ne^v York Small Figure Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo Buffalo
337.
Museum
Ivory,
71/^
inches high
of Science (C 15565)
Warega, Eastern Belgian Congo
I\ory, ca. 20 inches long
Museum
of Science (C 13398) Female Figure as Support
Neck-Rest with Southern Congo-Angola
Baluba-Badjokwe,
Wood,
6 inches high
Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HA. 644) Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola 340. Stool with Figures as Support Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12714) Wood, 12 inches high Stool with Two Tiers of Figures as Support BadjokAve, Southern Congo-Angola Wood, 1314 inches high Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HAC. 392) Badjok^ve, Southern Congo-Angola 342. Stool with Figure as Support Buffalo Museum of Science (C 12715) Wood, 12 inches high Badjok\ve, Southern Congo-Angola 343. Staff Decorated with Head 341.
'Wood, ca. 18 inches long Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HA. 506) Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola 344. Staff Decorated ^vith Head Wood, 24 inches long Uni\ersity
Museum, Philadelphia
(29-94-12)
346.
Snuffbox as Female Figure Seated on Chair Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola Wood, 514 inches high Brooklyn Museum (22.1089) Female Mask Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola Wood, 8 inches high
347.
Male Mask
345.
Buffalo
Buffalo
24
Museum
of Science (C 13127)
Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola
Museum
of Science (C 13129)
\Vood, 9 inches high
348.
Whistle Decorated \\tth Head
Badjokwe, Southern Congo-Angola
Wood, 3 inches Museum of Science (C 12765) Wood, ca. 4 inches Decorated Comb Badjokwe, Southern Congo- Angola Buffalo Museum of Science (C 15576) Wood. ca. 7 inches Decorated Comb Badjokwe. Southern Congo-Angola Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology, Toronto (HAC. 339) Buffalo
349. 350.
351.
Carved Bird
Ovimbundu
(?),
Wood,
Angola
University Museimi, Philadelphia (29-59-59) East Baluba, Eastern Congo 352. Elephant Mask
Museum (22.1771) Horizontal Drum Carved as Buffalo
Wood.
high high
high
71/^
inches high
ca. 17
inches high
Brooklyn
353.
Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo
Wood,
411/4 inches
long by
i8i/^
inches high
358.
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/367A) Cylindrical Box wii h Carved Head Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Wood and bark, 21 1/9 inches American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/3773B) Cylindrical Box with Car\ed Head Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Wood and ivory, ca. 21 14 inches American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/1765B) Standing Figure Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Wood. 147/g inches American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/3767) Geometric Carved Stool Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Wood, 8 Vj inches American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/1734) Gong Decorated with Figure Mangl)ctu, Northeastern Congo
359.
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/1782) Mandolin Decorated with Figure Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo
354.
355.
356.
357.
Wood,
Wood, 360.
361.
362.
363. 364.
365.
366.
i6i/2
14 inches
high
high high high
high
inches long by 15 inches high
American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/2736) Effigy Jar Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Pottery, 87/^ inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/4692) Double Effigy Jar Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Pottery, 81/. inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/4693) Geometric Jar Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Pottery, 1014 inches high .Ymerican Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/3906) Effigy Jar Mangbetu. Northeastern Congo Pottery, 10 inches high American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/4688) Knife, Carved Head on Handle Mangbetu, Northeastern Congo Wood and iron, ii^y:^ inches long American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.1/2082) Knife with Carved Handle Mangbetu or Azandeh, Northeastern Congo Wood and iron, 1714 inches long American Museum of Natural Histoiv, New York (90.1/4139) Mandolin with Car\'ed Figure Azandeh, Northeastern Congo AV'ood, ca. 18 inches long by 20 inches high
The Schomburg
Collection of the
New York
Public Library
(50)
West 136th Street Mandolin \vith Carved Figure 104
367.
Azandeh, Northeastern Congo Wood, ca. 18 inches long by 20 inches high The Schomburg Collection of the New York Public Library (51) 104
368. Mask.
West 136th Street Makonde, Tanganyika
Buffalo Museum of Science (C 13157) ALakonde, Tanganyika 369. ALvsK Buffalo Museum of Science (C 13149)
Wood. Wood,
ca.
9 inches high
1 1
inches high
Wood, 131/^ inches high Stool WITH Figure AS Support Barotse (?). Rhodesia American Museum of Natural History, Ne^v York (90.0/667) ^Vood. 23 inches long Barotse, Rhodesia 371. Bowl with Elephants Carved o\ Lid American Museum ol; Natural History, New York (90.0/757B) Barotse, Rhodesia Wood, 4:1^ inches high 372. Neck-Rest WTTH Buffalo AS Support American Museum of Natural History, Ne^v York (90.0/1028) Barotse, Rhodesia 373. Neck-Rest and Trinket Bon Carved as Buffalo "NVood, 23 inches long Peabody Museum, Har\ard University (B 4746) AVood, 6 inches high Zambesi Ri\ er, Rhodesia 374. Neck-Rest University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 4013) ^Vood. 51/0 inches high Zambesi River, Rhodesia 375. Neck-Rest University Museum, Philadelphia (AF 2161) "Wood. 7 inches high Rhodesia (?) 376. Neck-Rest 370.
Buffalo 377. 378.
379.
380.
381.
382.
383.
384.
385.
Museum
of Science (C 4544)
^Vood. 5 inches high Neck-Rest with Animal as Support Congo-East Africa Collection Mrs. Laszlo Ormos, New York ^Vood, 5 inches high Neck-Rest with Animal as Support Congo-East Africa Collection Mrs. Laszlo Ormos, New York \\'ood, 4 inches high Neck-Rest with Animal as Support Congo-East Africa Collection Chaim Gross. Ne^v York Neck-Rest Somali, East Africa ^Vood. ca. 6 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard L'ni\ersit\' (74488) Neck-Rest Swazi, East Africa Wood, ca. 5 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard L-niversity (72775) Bracelet Zulu, East Africa Twisted copper and iron wire, Peabody Museum, Harvard LIniversity (51048) ca, 3 inches diameter Hair Ornaments Zulu, East Africa Bone, ca. 3 inches high Peabody Museum, Harvard University (5783) Neck-Rest Zulu, East Africa 'Wood, 5 inches high Peabody Museum. Harvard LIniversity (72775) Neck-Rest East Africa Wood, 5 inches higli American Museum of Natural History, New York (90.0/1253)
26
1
SEATED FEMALE
FIGURE, WOOD, 20 7/8
INCHES HIGH
BAMBARA I
STYLE, SUDAN
IIVI\;TrDCTT\' T\riTC17TTA/r
TWIN FIGURE, WOOD HIGH BAMBARA STYLE (?), SUDAN BROOKLYN MUSEUM (2 2.1 456) 2
CA. 9 INCHES
3
SIDE
VIEW OF FIGURE
2
ANTELOPE HEADPIECE (tJI WARA), WOOD, 243/^ INCHES HIGH STYLE, SUDAN UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (29-I2-125) 4
BAMBARA
tJ-
X>-
o X W X U Z
lO
^ CO
c/;
rH
3w u z s
cr; ^^
d z u VD c
fe o < Q o > KD ;/5
C/5
< J w S H P < < o p < z < < ^ ta S < p CO P3 « c/5
tl<
,^
o H
^ ;iJ c/:
< ^ >^
h H K
u O s H in W 3 u w z ^^ C/5
c/2
'c/5
>>
CM
q"
«
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]
7
SEATED FIGURE
WOOD, 22% INCHES HIGH DOGON STYLE SUDAN UNIVERSITY
MUSEUM
PHILADELPHIA (29-12-97)
SEATED FIGURE, WOOD, 2 1% INCHES HIGH 8 DOGON STYLE (bANDIAGARA), SUDAN UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (29-I2-98)
9
STANDING MALE
FIGURE, WOOD, 26l/^
INCHES HIGH
BAGA STYLE, FRENCH GUINEA BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE
(C 13146)
lO
FEMALE SECRET SOCIETY MASK (bUNDU), WOOD,
MENDI STYLE, SIERRA LEONE BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE
(C 12978)
I4 INCHES HIGH
STAFF USED BY FEMALE SECRET SOCIETY, WOOD, 30 INCHES HIGH 1 1 MENDI STYLE, SIERRA LEONE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (37-22-3)
I
DIVINATION FIGURE (yASSI), WOOD, 17!/^ INCHES HIGH 12 MENDI STYLE (SHERBRO), SIERRA LEONE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (37-22-279)
1
3
SECRET SOCIETY
MASK 22
(PORO),
WOOD
INCHES HIGH
MANO
TRIBE, LIBERIA
PEABODY MUSEUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY (37-77-50/2744)
SECRET SOCIETY MASK (PORO), WOOD, HINGED 14 SEEDS SUSPENDED BENEATH JAW, lO INCHES HIGH GEH TRIBE (?), LIBERIA
JAWS COVERED WITH CLOTH
PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY (4O-34-50/4588)
o I
r^ r^ I
50
< ^ c/3
M ^
V3
w S w
1^
«
O o
I
O J w S z
STAFF USED BY SECRET SOCIETY (PORO), WOOD, METAL DETAIL, TRIBE (?), LIBERIA PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY (L/279)
17
MANO
4.I/2
FEET HIGH
10
STANDING FEMALE
FIGURE, WOOD 20I4 INCHES HIGH
BAOULE STYLE IVORY COAST
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW YORK (90. 1/6994)
ig
SEATED FEMALE
FIGURE,
WOOD
INCHES HIGH BAOULE STYLE IVORY COAST 22
COLLECTION VINCENT PRICE, BEVERLY HILLS
20
SEATED FEMALE FIGURE
WOOD, 17 INCHES HIGH BAOULE STYLE, IVORY COAST UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (29-12-69)
STANDING MALE FIGURE^ WOOD, 1614 2 1 INCHES HIGH. BAOULE STYLE, IVORY COAST UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (29-12-72)
MASK^ WOOD, 15 INCHES HIGH 22 BAOULE STYLE, IVORY COAST BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (c I2719)
23
GONG MALLET, WOOD
9 INCHES
HIGH
BAOULE STYLE, IVORY COAST BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE
(c I2515)
24 STANDING MALE FIGURE, WOOD, 1 61/ INCHES HIGH. GURO STYLE, IVORY COAST UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (29-12-81)
HORNED MASK WITH WOOD, 201/C INCHES HIGH OVER-ALL. GURO 25
BIRD,
STYLE (?), IVORY COAST UNIVERSITY MUSEUM
PHILADELPHIA (29-35-1)
\j|
^Sj
w—
U^
"^»—-^^P'w
^^H HhH
B^^P^Kiaii
I^B
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^.;
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if:
—
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9 ^H
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^
T 1,
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1
:
30 URN (kUDUO), bronze, 83^ INCHES HIGH ASHANTI STYLE, GOLD COAST COLLECTION WILLIAM MOORE, LOS ANGELES
il-i!(
f^
o z i-1
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w X X < a 2:
ttf
00
H < q"
C/5
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ta D<
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o P!j
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53
z O < s o ^ K Q u z z <
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5
o H z H < Z
oo
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< D < Z ti^
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>(
z <
2 a < 53 w < CO « o < CiS
32
EQUESTRIAN FIGURE, WOOD,
YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA
NEWARK MUSEUM
(24.2458)
11 3^
INCHES HIGH
TWIN FIGURES, WOOD, 83^ AND CA. 9 INCHES HIGH YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (c I2975) ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY, TORONTO 33
(hA. 872)
34 STAFF SUPPORTING MOTHER AND CHILD^ WOOD, YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA COLLECTION RENE d'HARNONCOURT, NEW YORK
1
5
INCHES HIGH
35 STOOL WITH TWO TIERS OF FIGURES, POLYCHROMED WOOD, YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY, TORONTO
CA. 30 INCHES
HIGH
36 DIVINATION VESSEL, POLYCHROMED WOOD, 25 INCHES HIGH YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA COLLECTION WILLIAM MOORE, LOS ANGELES
LARGE MASK WITH CARVED GROUP, POLYCHROMED WOOD, 39 INCHES HIGH YORUBA STYLE, NIGERIA UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (aF 2002)
39
40
MALE AND FEMALE
HEADS, BRONZE,
121/^
AND gS^ INCHES HIGH
IFE STYLE, NIGERIA
COLLECTION PROFESSOR WILLIAM
R.
BASCOM, EVANSTON,
ILL.
ALTAR HEAD OF KING, BRONZE, lyi/^ INCHES HIGH BENIN STYLE, NIGERIA UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (AF 5081)
41
42
RELIEF PLAQUE WITH THREE FIGURES, BRONZE
CA. 20 INCHES HIGH, 18 INCHES
WIDE
BENIN STYLE, NIGERIA UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (AF 2066)
^ rw z .. K .^ u w ,, z H H C/5
oi rt .
N Z o pa
so
z u w y) z PQ
^
::
::;
47
SEATED FEMALE
MASK TOP, WOOD 24 INCHES HIGH IBIBIO STYLE, NIGERIA FIGURE,
COLLECTION LINTON, CONN.
DR.
RALPH
NEW HAVEN
'
X o X
^^ cr>
C/5
w X U z o
r^ CO -*| '^
w —
'-'
~-
CO
c/5
< u
< ^
o ^
§ w < WD
•n
u w S Q < W X
< 2 ^ o :3 M 2 C/3
^
P S
ui (n
><
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TtH
;^
fe
< H Q S c« < TO <
49
MASK,
WOOD
HIGH IJAW STYLE, NIGERIA PEABODY MUSEUM OF CA. 14 INCHES
SALEM, MASS.
(e
6764)
SKIN-COVERED HEAD WORN AS MASK HEADPIECE^ ANIMAL SKIN OVER Q INCHES HIGH EKOI STYLE, NIGERIA— SOUTHWEST CAMEROON BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (c I3147) 50
PALMWOOD FRAME,
51
STANDING FIGURE 15!/^ INCHES
WOOD, HIGH
CAMEROON STYLE CENTRAL CAMEROON CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY (175691)
MUSEUM
SEATED FIGURE HOLDING BOWL, WOOD 1614 INCHES HIGH 52
CAMEROON STYLE CENTRAL CAMEROON BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (C 12516)
53
standing figure,
ca. 20 inches high.
wood
cameroon style
54 STANDING FIGURE, WOOD, HIGH. CAMEROON STYLE
1
8
INCHES
central cameroon peabody museum, harvard university
CENTRAL CAMEROON PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY
(b
(B4931)
4959)
J <
IT^ jlT
!>
z ^-^ z ai c w < s ^ -J w Q t^
> < < < 3 u U < a: >< M K z z H U s r^ O < a. K D O h D < z Z O o o H u < z w u OO ^-H Ai-.»»4Mlf.
60
MASK, BRASS,
CAMEROON
12
w,
at
INCHES HIGH
STYLE, CENTRAL
CAMEROON
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (9O.1/7488)
6l STAFF SURMOUNTED BY HUMAN FIGURE BRASS, FIGURE lO INCHES HIGH CAMEROON STYLE, CENTRAL CAMEROON
PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY
AND ANIMAL
62
PIPE BOWL, SEATED FIGURE, BLACK CLAY, 8 INCHES HIGH
CAMEROON STYLE, CENTRAL CAMEROON CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM (l 74983)
63 SEATED MALE FIGURE, WOOD, 231^4 INCHES HIGH FANG STYLE^ CAMEROON^ ]
GABUN PEABODY MUSEUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY (B2132)
64 SEATED MALE FIGURE, WOOD, 24 INCHES HIGH FANG STYLE, SOUTHEAST CAMEROON-GABUN PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY (b 3822)
^^
Q O O ^
^ ^
q'
J s
r-cr.
u P9 — o z z s P3 Oi o < X a > "~
>-i
C/5
K Z J >< Q Pi < O > z k: < < ph X I o s CO D w ^ a: J u > z Q < -^ K \CM CQ ,_>. o z ^ Q Bi < > < K
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J < ^
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h-1
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C/5
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o CQ z <
67 STANDING MALE FIGURE, WOOD 30 INCHES HIGH FANG STYLE, GABUN UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA
(AF5188)
68 THREE-QUARTER PROFILE VIEW OF FIGURE 67.
^ 7
^
< H O
o
r-~
M ^M
O
P9
ii:ji
^M'^ ^'''^H |v'..-
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H
H
8o STANDING FEMALE FIGURE, WOOD, 1 1 INCHES HIGH BAYAKA STYLE, WESTERN BELGIAN CONGO PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY (b I554)
1 VERTICAL DRUM CARVED WITH HEAD WOOD, CA. 14 INCHES HIGH
BAYAKA STYLE WESTERN BELGIAN CONGO COLLECTION CHARLES B.
SPENCER, JR.
NEW YORK
c^
CO
Q Z <
o
xn z 00 - o t^ Q O =^ O ^ ^ O 5 U
w hJ U J W z H M M Z ai
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fe C/5
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c/5
iy5
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—
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a S O O z X o U o z z ^ < oo »— o (M J w >r M 1
ai J O > ^ H z < w >H u D H PQ " w ^ < w s >1 H >J J < w Q Z W ew OO <
^,_C,
C/5
-
c/5
c/:;
C/D
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1
c/5
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86 CARVED BOX, WOOD, 7!/^ INCHES LONG, 3!^ INCHES HIGH BUSHONGO STYLE, CENTRAL BELGIAN CONGO BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (c I2697)
88 RAFFIA PILE CLOTH ("VELVET'') 5I INCHES BY 24 INCHES BUSHONGO STYLE, CENTRAL BELGIAN CONGO UNIVERSITY MUSEUM^ PHILADELPHIA (aF I416) ,
Sg CARVED DRUMS^ WOOD^ 27!/^ AND 24I4 INCHES HIGH BUSHONGO STYLE, CENTRAL BELGIAN CONGO ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY^ TORONTO (HAC.395; HAC.397)
o a z o .^ O '-'
5
CO
O
'^
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z ^ w :^ . o w « > p H W
D ^ P o ^ < o
^ o W P
O O z o o^
u.
z < <
5 w ^ *-•
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oo
fe
< P hJ P P ^ < Z o w
SQUATTING FETISH 92 FIGURE, WOOD gl/^ INCHES HIGH BENA LULUA STYLE CENTRAL BELGIAN CONGO
UNIVERSITY
MUSEUM
PHILADELPHIA (AF5184)
93 STANDING FETISH FIGURE, WOOD lO INCHES HIGH BASONGE STYLE CENTRAL BELGIAN
CONGO UNIVERSITY
MUSEUM
PHILADELPHIA (AF 5194)
94
STANDING FETISH
FIGURE,
WOOD
7 INCHES HIGH BASONGE STYLE CENTRAL BELGIAN
CONGO COLLECTION LINTON^ CONN.
DR.
RALPH
NEW HAVEN
95
CUP CARVED AS
ENTIRE FIGURE^ WOOD CA. 7 INCHES HIGH BASONGE STYLE CENTRAL BELGIAN
CONGO peabody museum harvard university (b 1598)
X o X w X u z
C/3
\0^
CO q"
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o H a!
C/3
C/5
< ^ < z o C/1
!>• -;
C/5
c/5
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C/5
fc^
ir,
lOO STOOL WITH FEMALE FIGURE AS SUPPORT, WOOD, CA. 20 INCHES HIGH BENA KANIOKA STYLE (?), CENTRAL BELGIAN CONGO PEABODY MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY (17-4I-50/B I568)
SEATED FEMALE FIGURE HOLDING BOWL (kABILA), WOOD, BALUBA STYLE, SOUTHEASTERN BELGIAN CONGO UNIVERSITY MUSEUM, PHILADELPHIA (AF 5120)
lOl
1
2 1/^
INCHES HIGH
STOOL Wnil FEMALE FIGURE AS SUPPORT, WOOD, 102 BALUBA STYLE, SOUTHEASTERN BELGIAN CONGO UNIVERSITY MUSEUM^ PHILADELPHIA (AF 5121)
17 INCHES
HIGH
WATER PIPE CARVED WITH FEMALE FIGURE, WOOD, 103 BALUBA STYLE, SOUTHEASTERN BELGIAN CONGO BROOKLYN MUSEUM (22.1108)
22
INCHES HIGH
mm
CEREMONIAL AXE DECORATED WITH CARVED HEAD, WOOD AND IRON BLADE gl/^ INCHES LONG BALUBA STYLE, SOUTHEASTERN BELGIAN CONGO ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY, TORONTO (hAC.26) 104
CA. 12 INCHES LONG,
Q Z <
O _ Z U
'^ iri
O > W D O
CO
CO
u Z
2^5
108
MASK WITH
RAFFIA FRINGE 61/9 INCHES HIGH WAREGA STYLE EASTERN BELGIAN
CONGO BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE
(C 12690)
STOOL WITH FIGURES AS SUPPORT, WOOD, BADJOKWE STYLE, SOUTHERN CONGO-ANGOLA BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE (c 1 27 I4) lOQ
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NECK-REST SUPPORTED BY STANDING FEMALE FIGURE, WOOD, 1 10 BALUBA-BADJOKWE STYLE, SOUTHERN CONGO-ANGOLA ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY, TORONTO (HA.644)
6 INCHES HIGH
SNUFFBOX AS FEMALE FIGURE SEATED ON CHAIR, WOOD, BADJOKWE STYLE, SOUTHERN CONGO-ANGOLA BROOKLYN MUSEUM (22.I089) Ill
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INCHES HIGH
STOOL WITH TWO TIERS OF FIGURES AS SUPPORT, WOOD, gl^ INCHES HIGH 1 1 2 BADJOKWE STYLE, SOUTHERN CONGO-ANGOLA ROYAL ONTARIO MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY, TORONTO (HAC.392) 1
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CYLINDRICAL BOX
with carved head wood and bark ca. 20 inches
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mangbetu style northeastern belgian congo peabody museum harvard university (b 1591)
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