Metodos Inmunologicos de Lab

 

SG Cr. [`crfn` K`nudl @. J`rrd`5 rk`nudlMujt.jb  rk`nudlMujt.jb  ;=19

 

FLS[@CTJJFÚL ]rudkas cd bak`rat`rf` dv`bujf`lal para p`cdr cdtdrgflar y jualtfhfjar cfstflt`s dbdgdlt`ss dl hbufc`s kf`búnfj`s dbdgdlt`

Ba purfhfjajfúl y jrdajfúl cd altfjudrp`s ia rdv`bujf`lac` db cfanl`stfj` cd bak`rat`rf`

B`s altfjudrp`s dltrdnal dltrdnal dspdjfhfjfcac a bas gdcfjf`lds

Jrdajfúl cd dlsay`s kasac`s dl ba rdajjfúl altçndl`-altfjudrp`

 

[DAJJFÚL ALSÇNDL@-ALSFJTD[]@ Dspdjfhfja5 Db Aj tfdld ahflfcac p`r ul jfdrt` `rcdl cd patr`lds g`bdjubards

[dvdrsfkbd5

Bas ulf`lds kf`quçgfjagdltd s`l j`lsfcdracas cækfbds5 l` j`vabdltd

[ápfca5cd sdnulc` @jurrd dl gfbæsfgas Dsp`ltalda Dstd pr`jds` l` j`lsugd dldrnça

 

ALSFJTD[]@Z ]A[A CFANL@ZSFJ@ ]ara rdabfz ]ara rdabfzar ar flgul`cfanlústfj` sd ldjdsftal cd altfjudrp`s dspdjçhfj`s j`ltra g`bæjubas cd

]`bfjb`labds

fltdræs

G`l`jb`labds

Aj. ]`bfjb`labds

Z`l altfjudrp`s `ktdlfc`s cd sudr` alfgab prdvfagdltd dxpudst`s ab altçndl` cd fltdræs. Zd `ktfdldl a partfr cd gõbtfpbds jb`las cd bflh`jft`s K dspdjçhfj`s para db altçndl`

Aj. G`l`jb`labds

Z`l altfjudrp`s `ktdlfc`s cd ula s`ba jb`la cd bflh`jft`s K dspdjfhfj` para ul altçndl`.

 

AJ G@L@JB@LAB XZ AJ ]@BFJB@LAB

Zudr` j`l altfjudrp` altf An. Y

Zudr` j`l altfjudrp` altf An. Y

]`bfjb`lab

G`l`jb`lab

An. Y Zd rdj`l`jd ab An. Y pdr` dl

An. Y Zd rdj`l`jd ab An. Y pdr` dl ul

cfstflt`s D]FS@]DZ

s`b` D]FS@]D

 

TSFBFCAC CD B@Z ALSFJTD[]@Z B`s altfjudrp`s p`bfjb`labds s`l õtfbds para prudkas cd bak`rat`rf` qud ldjdsftal cd ba h`rgajfúl cd j`gpbde`s altçndl` ‚altfjudrp` nralcds

B`s altfjudrp`s g`l`jb`labds  s`l õtfbds para prudkas cd bak`rat`rf` bak`rat `rf` qud ldjdsftal cd dlj`ltrar cd h`rga gas dspdjfhfja ul altçndl`. Õtfbds j`l hflds cfanlústfj`s

 

ID[ [AGFDLSAZ ALSFJTD[]@Z J@G@ ID[[AGFDLS AZ CD CFANL@ZSFJ@ C FANL@ZSFJ@ •

B`s altfjudrp`s sd pudcdl j`leunar j`l g`bæjubas [DXDBAC@[AZ

Dlz

Zukstrat`

• •

Dlzfgas Hbu`rúh`r`s [acf`fsút`p`s

Hbu`

]r`cujt` (j`b`r) Dspdjtr`h`túgdtr`

Buz dxjftajfúl

[ac.

Buz Dgfsfúl Hbu`rçgdtr`

[acfajfúl Bdjt`r nagga

 

ALSFJTD[]@ ZDJTLC ZDJTLCA[F@ A[F@ Dl abnul`s pr`t`j`b`s cd trakae` sd usa ul altfjudrp` qud l` p`sdd abnula g`bæjuba

Zd ldjdsfta cd ul sdnulc` altfjudrp` qud rdj`l`zja a ba jbasd cd Fn a ba juab pdrtdldjd

Dstd altfjudrp` sdjulcarf` ds db qud p`sdd ba g`bæjuba rdvdbac`ra

rdvdbac`ra Altfjudrp` altf FnG ‒Altfjudrp` altf altfjudrp`‗ 

An. Y

Db altfjudrp` ds cfrfnfc` j`ltra ba rdnfúl ‒JI‗ 

Altfjudrp` altf FnN Altfjudrp` Altfjudrp ` altf FnD

 

DHDJS@ DHDJS@ CDB pI DL ALSFJTD[]@Z B`s altfjudrp`s s`l pr`tdçlas

Flhbudljfa cdb pult` fs`dbæjtrfj`

+

+ - - - + + Nbúkub` -- r`e` - + + -- -

Altfjudrp` a pI 8,4 ‚ >,4

J`lcfjf`lds dstalcarfzacas cd pI

+    + - -    + Nbúkub` --- r`e` - --- - - +

 

][TDKAZ CD ANB ANBTSFLAJFÚL TSFLAJFÚL Jæbubas dl suspdlsfúl h`rgal j`lnb`gdrac`s

]udltds cd altfjudrp`s dltrd bas jæbubas (rdajjfúl cd dqufvabdl dqufvabdljfa) jfa)

Z`l prudkas sdljfbbas, hájfbds cd rdabfzar

Zd ldjdsfta cd gatdrfab partfjubac` para rdvdbar ba rdajjfúl

Ba gay`rça cd bas vdjds s`l prudkas cd sjrddlfln

Bas rdajjf`lds p`sftfvas sd `ksdrval anb`gdrac`s jdbubards Sagkfæl sd `ksdrval guji`s dspajf`s vajç`s

 

][TDKAZ CD ANB ANBTSFLAJFÚL TSFLAJFÚL ANBTSFLAJFÚL CF[DJS CF[DJSA5 A5 Jbasfhfjajfúl sfstdga AK@ cd nbúkub`s r`e`s

FLCF[DJS [DJSA5 A5 ANBTSFLAJFÚL FLCF Anbutflajfúl dl bátdx

Zd usal altfsudr`s (s`bujfúl j`l altfjudrp`s) altfjudrp `s) dspdjçhfj`s para altçndl`s AK@ cd b`s N[. B`s N[ s`l db gatdrfab partfjubac`

Db bátdx sd usa j`g` db gatdrfab partfjubac` qud sd j`leuna j`l altfjudrp`s para cdtdjtar g`bæjubas s`bukbds dl sudr` Dedgpb`5 ]r`tdçla J rdajtfva •

• •

Hajt`r rdugat`fcd S`xflas kajtdrfalas

 

][TDKAZ CD ][DJF]FSAJFÚL ZD KAZA DL5 Gubtfvabdljfa cd b`s altfjudrp`s5 Tla Gubtfvabdljfa g`bæjuba pudcd ulfrsd a gas cd 1 altçndl`

Cdtdjjfúl cd altçndl` p`bfvabdltd5 Gas cd 1 dpçt`pd p`r g`bæjuba cd altçndl`

J`gpbde` p`r ulf`lds j`vabdltd5 J`gpbde` nralcd qud sd sdpara cd ba s`bujfúl prdjfpftalc`

Zd pudcd

Zdparajfúl p`r

jdltrfhunar db prdjfpftac`

gæt`c`s kf`quçgfj`s

Xfsfkbds dl gatrfz cd ndb

 

][TDKAZ CD ][DJF]FSAJFÚL Flgul`prdjfpftajfúl dl gatrfjds cd ndb 1½ Cdp`sft` cd An y Altfjudrp`s dl p`jfbb`s

;½ J`gfdlzal a cfhulcfr racfabgdltd

:½dl bunar cd ]rdjfpftajfúl dljudltr`

Altçndl`

Altfjudrp`s Ndb cd anar`sa

]rdjfpftac` vfsfkbd

 

][TDKAZ CD ][DJF]FSAJFÚL FLGTL@DBDJS[@H@[DZFZ

J`gkflajfúl cd dbdjtr`h`rdsfs d Flgul`cfhusfúl c`kbd

Zdparajfúl p`r jarnas dbæjtrfjas

Cfhusfúl cdb altçndl` Acfjfúl cd altfjudrp`s

H`rgajfúl cd alfbb`s cd prdjfpftajfúl p rdjfpftajfúl

 

][TDKAZ J@L Z@]@[SD CD HAZD Z@BFCA Altçndl`s ` altfjudrp`s dl hasd s`bfcas

Avaljds dl flgul`cfanlústfj`

]bajas cd gfjr` tftubajfúl ]`rta`kedt`s

[acf`flgul`dlsay` ([FA) [acf`flgul`dlsay` Altds cdb [FA b`s gæt`c`s l` dral sdlsfkbds ]r`tdçlas y i`rg`las dl bçqufc`s kf`búnfj`s [`sabflc Vab`w

J`gõlgdltd sd usa F1;4 

Ba gdt`c`b`nça flfjfab dra ul dlsay` j`gpdtftfv`

]rdgf` L`kdb 16>>  

][TDKAZ J@L Z@]@[SD CD HAZD Z@BFCA Gudstra a jualtfhfjar

[dajtfv` cd Flsubfla garjac` j`l F1;4 

Bdjt`r Nagga

Jualtfhfjar Aj. Altf-Flsubfla Altf-Flsubfla [dbajfúl flvdrsa dltrd ba jaltfcac cd Flsubfla y ba sdñab cdb fs`t`p` racfajtfv` racfajtfv` Zdlsfkfbfcac a lfvdb cd pfj` nrag`s

[fdsn`s cd racfajfúl dl pdrs`lab cd

bak`rat`rf`  

][TDKAZ J@L Z@]@[SD CD HAZD Z@BFCA Dlsay` Flgul`Z`rkdltd Bfnac` a Dlzfgas (DBFZA) Ts` cd altçndl`s ` altfjudrp`s ulfc`s j`vabdltdgdltd a dlzfgas

Zfgfbar ab [FA Ba dlzfga cdkd sdr japaz cd jatabfzar ul sustrat` ul pr`cujt`

•

•

•

J`b`rdac` Hbu`rdsjdltd Qufgf`bugflfsjdltd

 

][TDKAZ J@L Z@]@[SD CD HAZD Z@BFCA

DBFZA flcfrdjt`

Altfjudrp` altfg`bæjuba cd fltdræs (FnN)

Cdtdrgflar altfjudrp`s dl gudstras

Flcfrdjt`5 us` cd ul ;c` altfjudrp` j`leunac` j`l dlzfga Altfjudrp` altf-FnN j`leunac` a dlzfga

]r`cujt` (j`b`r)

Zukstrat`

Dstratdnfa para cdtdjtar Aj j`ltra vfrus

 

][TDKAZ J@L Z@]@[SD CD HAZD Z@BFCA DBFZA sálcwfji

Cdtdjjfúl y jualtfhfjajfúl cd Altçndl`s

B`s altçndl`s dstál dltrd ; altfjudrp`s a ltfjudrp`s Altfjudrp` altf-An Y Altfjudrp` (dpçt`pd ;) J`leunac` a dlzfga ]`jfbb` cd DBFZA j`l db altfjudrp` altf-An Y (dpçt`pd 1)

]r`cujt` (j`b`r) Zukstrat`

Db altçndl` cdkd tdldr ; ` gas dpçt`pds  

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ Flgul`ifst`quçgfja

Gudstras cd tdefc`s

J`rtds hfl`s

B`sj`gp`ldltd Aj abjalzal jdbubar juabqufdr

Aj. j`leunac`s dlzfga j`l

Db Aj. Cfrfnd iajfa db j`gp`ldltd cd

Db sustrat` cd ba dlzfga ds

Db pr`cujt` prdjfpfta dl dbcdb bunar cd ulfúl

fltdræs

jatabfzac`

Aj.

 

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ

]atrúl ]atr úl lujbdar

]atrúl Jft`pbasgátfj` Jft`pbas gátfj`

]atrúl cd gdgkrala

 

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ Zd usal jæbubas dl suspdlsfúl

Flgul`jft`quçgfja

Hulcagdlt` sfgfbar a ba FIQ

Zf db An kbalj` ds fltrajdbubar, fltrajdbubar , sd cdkd pdrgdakfbfzar a bas jæbubas Hfear y pdrgdakfbfzar pdrgdakfbfz ar bas

Acfjjfúl cd altfjudrp`s

jæbubas Aspfrac` cd gdcuba úsda. Dl FIQ l` iay qud pdrgdakfbfzar p`rqud db j`rtd ifst`búnfj`

JC81+ Gdnajarf`jft`

pdrgftd ba bbdnaca cd altfjudrp`s a j`gp`ldltds fltrajdbubards  

ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ I`y dl cça ba gfjr`sj`pça cd hbu`rdsjdljfa ds sflúlfg` cd dstucf` cdb sfstdga flguld

Hbu`rdsjdljfa

Flgul`hbu`rdsjdljfa •

Aj. J`leunac` a hbu`rúh`r`s

Ts` cd s`lcas hbu`rdsjdltds

•

NH] CA]F

•

Hab`fcfla

 

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ Altfjudrp`s altflujbdards (ALA)

Zd cdtdjtal p`r flgul`hbu`rdsjdljfa flcfrdjta (tæjlfja rdj`gdlcaca)

Zustrat`5 Jæbubas hfeacas y Zustrat`5 pdrgdakfbfzacas (IDp;)

Zd anrdna db Aj sdjulcarf` j`leunac` a hbu`rúh`r` (HFSJ)

B`s ALA rdj`l`jdl j`gp`ldltds

Acfjfúl cd sudr` cd pajfdltd

cd bas jæbubas

 

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ

Dedgpb` cd patr`lds ALA

 

ALABFZFZ CD DZS[TJST[AZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ ZTKJDBTBA[DZ

Dedgpb` cd patr`lds ALA

 

J@LS[@B FZ@SF]@ Zd usa jualc` sd trakaea j`l fgándlds y altfjudrp`s ]udcd dxfstfr gas sdñab cd ba qud rdabgdltd ds5 ]r`cujt` cd ul kajonr`ulc Zd pudcd j`rrdnfr dsd Kajonr`ulc  j`l   j`l altfjudrp`s j`ltr`b fs`tfp` Db altfjudrp` ds cd ba gfsga dspdjfd alfgab usaca, jbasd, sukjbasd y garjaed usac`

Db Kajonr`ulc pudcd `jurrfrt` p`r fldspdjçhfja, atrapagfdl atrapagfdlt` cdulf`lds b`s

altfjudrp`s  

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@ Sagañ` (H`rwarc Zjattdr5 HZJ) =,4-4½ cfspdrsfúl BAZD[

J`gpbdefcac (Zfcd Zjattdr5 ZZJ)

‒Dvdlt`‗ 

14-14=½ cfspdrsfúl Hbu`rdsjdljfa Nrajfas a b`s cfstflt`s hfbtr`s cd b`lnftucds cd `lca, ba hbu`rdsjdljfa ds db parágdtr` qud

`t`rna gay`r vdrsatfbfcac a ba jft`gdtrça cd hbue`5 pdrgftd alábfsfs gubtfparagætrfj`s  

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@ °Quæ ds b` qud sd pudcd gdcfr p`r JGH0

Jæbubas dl suspdlsfúl cd h`rga ulfjdbubar

Bduj`jft`s cd salnrd pdrfhærfja dstál cfsp`lfkbds dl h`rga

ulfjdbubar  

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@

Jualtfhfja a nral dsjaba b` qud sd `ksdrva p`r flgul`hbu`rdsjdljfa

]udcd alabfzar 1=.=== jæbubas dl 1= sdnulc` y guji` gas  

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@ B`lnftucds cd `lca cd dxjftajfúl y dgfsfúl cd cfstflt`s hbu`rúh`r`s   οDxftajfúl (lg)  οDgfsfúl (lg)  Hbu`rúh`r`  Fs`tf`jfalat` cd hbu`r`jdfla (HFSJ) 

399 

4;= 

Hfj`drftrfla (]D) 

399 

4>9 

]r`tdçla cd pdrfcfla-jb`r`hfba (]drJ])  

399 

8>9 

]D-Jy4 

399 

88> 

Abdxa hbu`r® 83>

83= 

899 

Abdxa hbu`r® >==  Ab`hfj`jfalfla (A]J) 

83=  83= 

>16  88= 

A]J-Jy> 

83= 

>94 

]ajfhfj Kbud 

3=4 

34; 

AgJyal 

3=4 

361 

Dst`s hbu`rúh`r`s sd pudcdl j`leunar j`l altfjudrp`s  

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@ ALABFZFZ BDTJ@JFSA[F@ C`t-pb`t tagañ` vs j`gpbdefcac cd bduj`jft`s    A    L    [    D    S    L    F    C    A    C    F    E    D    B    ]    G    @    J

Ldutrúhfb`

G`l`jft`

Bflh`jft`

SAGAÑ@

 

JFS@GDS[FA CD HBTE@ HDL@SF]@ BFLH@JFSA[F@ (ZTK]@KBAJF@LDZ BFLH@JFSA[FAZ •

Bduj`jft`s

5JC34(+)

(+)5 ]rdsdltd, (-)5 Ausdltd

J`l dst`s garjac`rds sd pudcd dstakbdjdr qud p`rjdltaeds cd t`c`s b`s bflh`jft`s j`rrdsp`lcdl j`rrd sp`lcdl a bas cfstfltas sukp`kbajf`lds

]`rjdltaed cd5 Bflh`jft`s S, Bflh`jft`s K, Bflh`jft`s S idbpdr, Bflh`jft`s S jft`túxfj`s  

DZQTDGA CD HFBS[AC@ (NASSFLN) CD DXDLS@Z ]A[A ZTK]@KBAJF@LDZ ZT K]@KBAJF@LDZ BFLH@JFSA[FAZ

Bflh`jft`s K

BDTJ@JFS@Z JC34(+) Bflh`jft`s

Bflh`jft`s S

JC16(+)

Bflh`jft`s S JC3 Idbpdr

JC:(+)

Bflh`jft`s S JC9 Jft`túxfj`s

Gdl`r tagañ` y gdl`r j`gpbdefcac fltdrla cd bduj`jft`s cd salnrd pdrfhærfja

Jæbubas LO JC: (-) JC18(+) JC48(+)

Jæbubas LO-S JC: (+) JC18(-) JC48(+)

J`l dst` sd pudcd jabjubar ba jaltfcac t`tab cd bas cfstfltas

p`kbajf`lds cd bflh`jft`s JC3(+)

JC9(+)

 

SG Cr. [`crfn` K`nudl @. J`rrd`5 rk`nudlMujt.jb  rk`nudlMujt.jb  ;=19