Metodología de La Investigación
July 11, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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FB^I]UF@DMFÝB MYDHFUDUF^D-MYDBU MYDHFUDUF^D-MYDBUFUDUF^D FUDUF^D Hds kuairis ib plsfmflbis sibflr si sfibtib nrustrdeds plr hds gdrrirds qui his fkpfeib ih dmmisl d puistls `iribmfdhis. fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd
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D kdylr mdbtfede ei edtls i fbefmdelris ib hd kiefmfýb ei mlstls ei hds ikprisds,käs ikprisds,käs dmirtded sirä hd ivdhudmfýb ei hd pirnlrkdbmi lr`dbfzdmflbdh. fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd Hds ikphideds kuairis sirëdb käs prlpibsds d rimcdzdr ih rfis`l y tikirlsds eih =. nrdmdsl qui hls ikphidels vdrlbis. fbvistf`dmfýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb mudbtftdtfvd Urfdb`uhdmfýb Hls prlnisflbdhis fbnlrkätfmls rimfgfels ib ubfvirsfedeis pñghfmds prinfirib kdylr tfikpl hfgri quæ 5. dukibtls sdhdrfdhis. fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd Ih fbmrikibtl ei hds `dbdbmfds ei hds `rdbeis ikpris ikprisds ds ib Dr`ibtfbd bl sirihdmflbd mlb ub dukibtl ei 9. sus fbvirsflbis fbvirsflbis..
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fbvistf`dmfýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd Hls dhukbls ei hd ubhu quæ bl plsiib pls iib ikphil istdghi tfibib tfib ib kdylr dusibtfskl qui dquihhls dhukbls dhuk bls mlb istdgfhfede hdglrdh. fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd hds dkds ei mdsd ei B]I kiefl-gdal eih si`ubel mlreýb eih mlburgdbl glbdiribsi mlbsukib si`ubeds kdrmds y bl kdrmds ei drtëmuhl ei hfkpfizd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudbtftdtfvd Hls ikprisdrfls dr`ibtfbls mriib qui ih dukibtl ei sdhdrfls pirauefmd hd istdgfhfede imlbýkfmd fbvistf`dmfýb fbvistf`dmf ýb mudhftdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb mudbtftdtfvd LGAIUF^L] Eitirkfbdr hd nrimuibmfd kibsudh ei mlbsukl ei gigfeds dzumdrdeds ib bfôls ei ismlhdrfzdmfýb prfkdrfd eih bld. Lgaitfvl eismrfptfv eismrfptfvll Lgaitfvl ixphfmdtfvl l mdusdhLgaitfvl mlrrihdmfl mlrrihdmflbdh bdh istdghimir sf ih bfvih ei fbvirsfýb ei timblhl`ëd ei hds ikprisds kitdhñr`fmds bdmflbdhis fbmfeib su prleumtfvfede Lgaitfvl eismrfptfv eismrfptfvll Lgaitfvl ixphfmdtfvl l mdusdhLgaitfvl mlrrihdmfl mlrrihdmflbdh bdh
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dbdhfzdr sf hls ikprisdrfls dr`ibtfbls mriib qui ih dukibtl ei sdhdrfls pirauefmd ih mrimfkfibtl imlbýkfml. Lgaitfvl eismrfptfv eismrfptfvll Lgaitfvl ixphfmdtfvl l mdusdhLgaitfvl mlrrihdmfl mlrrihdmflbdh bdh mlblmir sf hls ikphidels ei hëbid ei hds ikprisds dutlkltrfmis Dr`ibtfbd slb käsrisfstibtis käsrisfstibtis dh mdkgfl qui sus dhtls iaimutfvls mudbel hd ikprisd dphfmd riistrumturdmflbis trdefmflbdhis qui mudbel ikphid riistrumturdmflbis riistrumturdmf lbis bl mlbvibmflb mlbvibmflbdhis. dhis. Lgaitfvl eismrfptfv eismrfptfvll Lgaitfvl ixphfmdtfvl l mdusdhLgaitfvl mlrrihdmfl mlrrihdmflbdh bdh Istdghimir sf ih mlblmfkfibtl ei hds mlbefmflbis ei si`urfede hdglrdh plr pdrti ei hls lpirdrfls ei hd Fbeustrfd kitdhkimäbfmd ei hdeismrfptfv prlvfbmfdl ei Gs.ds ixphfmdtfvl rieumi hd mdbtfede ei dmmfeibtis ei trdgdal. Lgaitfvl eismrfptfvl Lgaitfvl l mdusdhLgaitfvl mlrrihdmfl mlrrihdmflbdh bdh NFBDH EIHDMD]D Ih kdrml tiýrfml riñbi hls dbtimieibtis fbkiefdtls ei hds fbvistf`dmflbisslgri fbvistf`dmflbisslgri kf prlpfl tikd. ^iredeirlNdhsl Hls edtls prfkdrfls sfikpri
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]i rimlhimtdb ib ih kdrml ei hd kfskd fbvistf`dmfýb si dbdhfzdb ubd slhd viz slhl prlvfibib prlvfi bib ei hd vlz ei hls dmtlris bfb`ubd ei ihhds Ih bfvih ei kiefmfýb hd vdrfdghi elkfmfhfl nfsmdh is Blkfbdh lrefbdh fbtirvdhdr fbtirvdhdrei ei rdzýb
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ih lgaitfvl `ibirdh is ubd rispuistd dbtfmfpded dh prlghikd ei fbvistf`dmfýb ub fbtirrl`dbti eihfkftdel slgri ub lgaitl ei istuefl ub supuistl qui si kdbtfibi d hl hdr`l ei hd fbvistf`dmfýb ubd `uëd pdrd eisdrrlhhdr ih prlmisl ei fbvistf`dmfýb
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Ih dbähfsfs fbtirpritdmflbdh is prlpfl eih pdrdef`kd mudhftdtfvl ^iredeirl ndhsl
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Ih mlblmfkfibtl mfibtënfml si mdrdmtirfzd plr sir gdsdel ib ih sibtfel mlkñb rf`urlsl, kitýefml y rdmflbdh gdsdel ñbfmdkibti ib ixpirfkibtls
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bfb`ubl ei hls dbtirflris Hd ibmuistd ridhfzded ridhfz ded d trdvæs ei ub muist muistflbdrfl flbdrfl si dphfmd d ubd kuist kuistrd rdriprisibtdt riprisibtdtfvd fvd ei hd plghdm plghdmfýb fýb ei fbtiræs ^iredeirl ndhsl Mlbsfeirdbel hd vdrfdghi vdrfdgh i y sus mdti`lrëds fbefmd ih bfvih ei kiefmfýb ei hdvdrfdghi/ plrmibtdai ei dus dusibtfskl ibtfskl eurdbti ih kis ei kdyl ei 7?7?1 Kibls ei =9%/ =9-56% / 9?- >5%/>9-05% /09% y käs Blkfbdh lrefbdh fbtirvdhdr bfb`ubd ei ihhds ]ë pritibei Fbvistf`dr ub tikd mlb dh`ubls dbtimieibtis y mfirtds einfbfmflbis mlbmiptudhis, ibmdrdri fbvistf`dmfýb ixphlrdtlrfd fbvistf`dmflb fbvistf`dmfl b eismrfptfvd fbvistf`dmfýb ixphfmdtfvd fbvistf`dmfýb ixpirfkibtdh Kdrqui Muäbtds vdrfdghis fbeipibefibtis y muäbtds eipibefibtis cdy ib istd cfpýtisfs ih eisikpiôl y hd prlnisflbdhfede ei hls plhfmëds ei hd glbdiribsi ib ih tikd ei vflhibmfd ndkfhfdr, istä dslmfdel d su pdrtfmfpdmfýb ib prl`rdkd ei sibsfgfhfzdmfýb y mdpdmftdmfýb ib ih tikd ubd vdrfdghi eipibefibti y = eipibefibtis ubd Fbeipibefibti y 7 eipibefibtis 7 fbeipibefibtis y 7 eipibefibtis Hd ibmuistd ridhfzded d trdvæs ei ub muistflbdrfl sýhl puiei cdmirsi mdrd d mdrd viredeirl ndhsl 79. D nfb ei mdrdmtirfzdr hd ivlhumfýb eih dmmisl ei hls aývibis dh ikphil nlrkdh ib hds prfbmfpdhis mfuedeis ei hd Dr`ibtfbd si ibmdrd ub istuefl ibtri 7??= y7?4? y7?4? dbdhfzdbel hls edtls ei hd ibmuistd pirkdbibti ei cl`dris cl`dri s si tr trdtý dtý ei ub istuefl ixpirfkibtdh
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ixphlrdtlrfl eismrfptfvl 7>. ixphfmdtfvl Hd lpirdmflbdhfzdmfýb is bimisdrfd mudbel ub mlbmiptl is dgstrdmtlmlkphial
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dkgds sftudmflbis bfb`ubd ei ihhds D nfb ei lr`dbfzdr ih prlmisl ei trdgdal ei ubd ikprisd rimupirded si dphfmý ubd ibmuistd istrumturded d hls 4?? ikphidels ei istd D kiefdels eih dôl 7?46. si trdtý ei ub istuefl ei istrdti`fd mudhfmudbtft mudhfmudbtftdtfvd dtfvd ei istrdti`fd mudhftdtfvd ei istrdti`fd mudbtftdtfvd
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ei istrdti`fd hlb`ftuefbdh Hd lgsirvdmfýb is Ñtfh pdrd (si (sihimmflbdr himmflbdr hd lpmf ýb fbm lrrimtd) rihivdr mlbeumtds ei qufibis bl puieib fbnlrkdr plr së kfskl mlkl hls bfôls l dbfkdhis rihivdr mlbeumtd fbeipibefibti fbeipibefibtikibti ei hd vlhubtde lgsirvdel ei fbnlrkdr slgri ihhds rihivdr ivibtls cfstýrfmls pdsdels l nuturls ib ih klkibtl ib qui lmurrib Hls sfstikds mhdsfnfmdtlrfls ei hds vdrfdghis puieib sir ixcdustfvls kutudkibti ixmhuyibtis hds els prfkirds bfb`ubd ei ihhds Ib ih pdrdef`kd ei fbvistf`dmfýb mudbtftdtfvl, ih supuistl lbtlhý`fml is qui hd ridhfede is lgaitfvd hd ridhfede is sugaitfv sugaitfvdd y kñht kñhtfphi fphihds els prfkirds bfb`ubd ei ihhds Hls lgaitfvls `ibirdhis slb ih nlml qui mlbstruyi ih fbvistf`delr d pdrtfr eih kdrml tiýrfml sihimmflbdel viredeirl ndhsl Mlbsfeirdbel hd vdrfdghi y sus mdti`lrëds, fbefqui ih bfvih ei kiefmfýb ei hd vdrfdghi1 Ufpl ei dmtfvfede eisdrrlhhde eisdrrlhhded1 d1 Fbeustrfdh/ d`rlpimudrfd/ mlbstrummfýb/mlkirmfl/ mlbstrummfýb/mlkirmfl/ ltrd blkfbdh lrefbdh fbtirvdhdr Ybd vdrfdghi is ub dtrfgutl ei hd ubfede ei dbähfsfs ubhds vdhlr dsukibfb`ubd hd ubfede dbähfsfs elsqui prfkirds ei ei ihhds Hd lpirdmflbdhfzdmfýb ei vdrfdghis pirkfti ^fbmuhdr d ubd vdrfdghi dgstrdmtd mlb sus riniribtis ikpërfmls Kiefr efstfbtls dspimtls ei ub nibýkibl mlkphial Hds els prfkirds Bfb`ubd ei ihhds ]f ib ubd fbvistf`dmfýb cdy ubd kdbfpuhdmfýb ei hds vdrfdghis dbtis ei hd lgsirvdmfýb, si trdtd ei Efsiôl bl ixpirfkibtdh Efsiôl ixpirfkibtdh Efsiôl mudsfixpirfkibtdh Mudhqufird ei ihhls Hd cfpýtisfs ei fbvistf`dmfýb is Yb fbtirrl`dbti slgri ub dspimtl eih mlblmfkfibtl Ybd rispuistd dbtfmfpded dh prlghikd ei fbvistf`dmfýb Hds els prfkirds Bfb`ubd ei ihhds
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Hd dphfmdmfýb ei ubd lgsirvdmfýb lgsir vdmfýb si cdhhd hfkft hfkftded ded plr hd eurdmfýb y dpdrf dpdrfmfýb mfýbl bl ei hls sumisls. ^iredeirl Ndhsl Hd lpirdmflbdhfzdmfýb is bimisdrfd mudbel ub mlbmiptl is1 dgstrdmtl mlkphial dkgds sftudmflbis bfb`ubd ei ihhds Hls sfstikds mhdsfnfmdtlrfls ei hds vdrfdghis eigib sir1 Ixcdustfvls Kutudkibti ixmhuyibtis hds els prfkirds bfb`ubds ei ihhds Ih æbndsfs eih pdrdef`kd mudbtftdtfvl istä puistl ib ih dmtlr fbefvfeudh, hd eismrfpmfýb y hd mlkpribsfýb ei hd mlbeumtd cukdbd. ^iredeirl Ndhsl Hd rimlhimmfýb ei hd fbnlrkdmfýb mudhftdtfvd is nhixfghi ib ub prlmisl fbtirdmtfvl mlbtëbul. ^iredeirl Ndhsl
¼Mýkl hd rihdmfýb ixfsti ibtri ih bfvih ei nlrkdmfýb hdglrdh ei hds kuairisis y sus bfvihis qui ei fb`risl< Eismrfptfvl Mlrrihdmflbdh Ivdhudtfvl Ixphfmdtfvl Ib ih pdrdef`kd mudbtftdtfvl ih efsiôl kitlelhý`fml is tdb nhixfghi y mfrmuhdr mlkl ib ih efsiôl mudhftdtfvl ^iredeirl Ndhsl Eitirkfbdr sf ih sf`ufibti lgaitfvl istä gfib nlrkuhdel Mlkpdrdr hls sfstikds ei hfkpfizd ei ispdmfls pñghfmls, sus mlstls y lr`dbfzdmfýb ib pdësis iurlpils y dkirfmdbls. GfibKdh Hd rimlhimmfýb ei hd fbnlrkdmfýb ei nlrkd istrumturded y sfstikätfmd is mdrdmtirëstfmd ei ubd pirspimtfvd mudbtftdtfvd ^iredeirl Ndhsl Hls lgaitfvls `ibirdhis slb ih nlml qui mlbstruyi ih fbvistf`delr d pdrtfr eih kdrml tiýrfml sihimmflbdel. ^iredeirl Ndhsl ◌
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Els `rupls ei fbvistf`delris trdgdadbel ib nlrkd pdrdhihd rikftib d hd eiblkfbded trfdb`uhdmfýb ei fbvistf`delris ^iredeirl Ndhsl Eitirkfbdr sf ih sf`ufibti lgaitfvl istä gfib nlrkuhdel.Ixphfmdr nlrkuhdel.Ixphfmdr hls ndmtlris ei istdgfhfede ib hd imlblkëd bdmflbdh. Gfib 9
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Kdh Hd utfhfzdmfýb ei vdrfds nuibtis ei fbnlrkdmfýb ei efstfbtds pirspimtfvds kitlelhý`fmds rikfti d ubd trfdb`uhdmfýb tiýrfmd. ^iredeirl Ndhsl Ib ubd fbvistf`dmfýb eibtrl eih pdrdef`kd mudhftdtfvl si utfhfzdb tæmbfmds Istdeëstfmds ^iredeirl Ndhsl Eitirkfbdr sf ih sf`ufibti lgaitfvl istä gfib nlrkuhdel. Eitirkfbdr plr quæ istuefdbtis ei hd kfskd iede l bfvih ismlhdr lgtfibib efniribtis risuhtdels ib kdtikätfmd ib efstfbtls pdësis y mýkl istd vdrfdgfhfede si ixphfmd plr hls dbtimieibtis ndkfhfdris, hls rimursls ismlhdris y hds prämtfmds elmibtis. Gfib Kdh Eitirkfbdr sf ih sf`ufibti lgaitfvl istä gfib nlrkuhdel. Dyuedr dh pirslbdh mdpdmftdel ib ih muhtfvl ei kdb`l d lgtibir ubd kialr mdhfede ei vfed kiefdbti ih dprlvimcdkfibtll ei isti muhtfv dprlvimcdkfibt muhtfvll ib hd ri`fýb eih k kubfmfpfl ubfmfpfl eih Ispfbdh. Gfib Kdh Ih kdrml tiýrfml is ub mlrpus ei mlbmiptls ei efstfbtls bfvihis ei dgstrdmmfýb, drtfmuhdels ibtri së qui lrfibtdb ridhfede.hd nlrkd ei dpricibeir hd ^iredeirl Ndhsl
Eitirkfbdr ih tfpl ei lgaitfvl. Eismrfgfr hd mlrrihdmfýb ibtri hd mdbtfede ei efbirl fbvirtfed ib mdkpdôds ei pughfmfede ei ub prleumtl y ih fbmrikibtl l bl ei vibtds prleumfeds Eismrfptfvl Mlrrihdmflbdh Ixphfmdtfvl Mlkpdrdtfvl Ih Kdrml Uiýrfml is ih ispdmfl elbei ih fbvistf`delr austfnfmd y dr`ukibtd hd fkplrtdbmfd tiýrfmd y kitlelhý`fmd ei su istuefl. ◌
^iredeirl Ndhsl Hd utfhfzdmfýb ei vdrfds nuibtis ei fbnlrkdmfýb ei efstfbtds pirspimtfvds kitlelhý`fmds rikfti d ubd trfdb`uhdmfýb ei kitlelhý`fmd ^iredeirl Ndhsl Ih Istdel eih Drti rimlbstruyi hls ñhtfkls mlblmfkfibtls qui si cdb prleumfel slgri ub tikd y qufibis cdb istdel trdgdadbel slgri ihhls. ^iredeirlNdhsl ◌
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Istdghimir sf hds sf`ufibtis dnfrkdmflbis si mlrrisplbeib d fbvistf`dmflbis fbvistf`dmflbismudbtftdtfvds l mudhftdtfvds. Eitirkfbdr hds vdrfdghis y ih ubfvirsl. plsfm flbis sibflr s si i sfibtib nrustr nrustrdeds deds plr hds gdrrirds gdrrir ds qui his fkpfeib ih dmmisl d 4. Hds kuairis ib plsfmflbis puistls `iribmfdhis. Ibnlqui1 mudhftdtfvl •
Ybfvirsl1 hds kuairis ib plsfmflbis sibflr
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^drfdghi1 sibtfkfibtl plr hds gdrrirds qui his fkpfeib ih dmmisl d puistls `iribmfdhis.
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kdylr mdbtfede mdbtfede ei edtls i fbefmdel fbefmdelris ris ib hd kief kiefmfýb mfýb ei mlstls ei hds ikp ikprisds risds,, käs dmirtded dmirtded sirä hd ivdhudmfýb ei hd pirnlrkdbmi lr`dbfzdmflbdh. •
Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl Ybfvirsl1 ikprisds ^drfdghis1 Ibnlqui1 l mdbtfede ei edtls ib hd kiefmfýb ei hls mlstls fbefmdelris ib hd kiefmfýb ei mlstls l ivdhudmfýb ei hd pirnlrkdbmi lr`dbfzdmflbd lr`dbfzdmflbdh. h. l
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fis`l y tikirlsds eih nrdmdsl qui hls 5. Hds ikphideds kuairis sirëdb käs prlpibsds d rimcdzdr dh rrfis`l ikphidels vdrlbis. • • •
Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl Ybfvirsl1 Hls ikphidels ^drfdghis1 dmtftue nribti dh rfis`l l dmtftue nribti dh nrdmdsl l l sixl ei hls ikphidels
9. Hls prlnisflbdhis fbnlrkätfmls rimfgfels ib ubfvirsfed ubfvirsfedeis eis pñghfmds prinfirib kdylr tfikpl hfgri qui dukibtls sdhdrfdhis. Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl •
Ybfvirsl1 hls prlnisflbdhis fbnlrkätfmls rimfgfels ib ubfvirsfedeis pñghfmds. ^drfdghis1
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Ufpl ei ubfvirsfede (pughfmd/ prfvded) _riniribmfds rispimtl d gibinfmfls hdglrdhis
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fbmrikibt l ei hds `dbdbmfds ei hds `rdbeis ikpr fbmrikibtl ikprisds isds ib Dr`ibtfbd bl si rihdm rihdmflbd flbd mlb ub dukibtl ei sus rifbvirsflbis. Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl •
Ybfvirsl1 @rdbeis ikprisds ib Dr`ibtfbd ^drfdghis1
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`dbdbmfds rifbvirsflbis.
l l
0. Hls dhukbls vdrlbis vdr lbis ei hd YBHu qui qu i bl plsiib ub ikphil istdghi tfibib tf ibib kdylr dusibtfskl qui dquihhls dhukbls mlb istdgfhfede hdglrdh. Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl •
Ybfvirsl1 Hls dhukbls vdrlbis ei hd YBHu ^drfdghis1
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Istdgfhfede hdglrdh _risibtfskl l
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3. Hds
dkds ei mdsd m dsd ei B]I kiefl gdal gda l eih si`ubel mlreýb eih Mlburgdbl Glbdiribsi mlbsukib si`ubeds kdrmds y bl kdrmds ei drtëmuhls ei hfkpfizd. Ibnlqui1 mudbtftdtfvl •
Ybfvirsl1 hds dkds ei mdsd ei B]I kiefl gdal eih si`ubel mlreýb eih Mlburgdbl Glbdiribsi. ^drfdghi1 Ufpl ei kdrmds ei drtëmuhls ei hfkpfizd mlbsukfed.
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6. Hls •
ikprisdrfls dr`ibtfbls mriib qui ih dukibtl ei sdhdrfls pirauefmd hd istdgfhfede imlbýkfmd.
Ibnlqui1 mudhftdtfvl
Ybfvirsl1 hls ikprisdrfls dr`ibtfbls
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^drfdghi1 Mriibmfd slgri hd fbmfeibmfd eih dukibtl ei sdhdrfls ib hd istdgfhfede imlbýkfmd
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Ybfvirsfede Bdmflbdh ei Huaäb 11 Duhds ^frtudhis ZIvdhudmflbis[
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