Metode Tambang Bawah Tanah Menggunakan Penyangga

METODE TAMBANG BAWAH TANAH MENGGUNAKAN PENYANGGA

ARDINAL F1D113002

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN  JURUSAN TEKNIK KEBUMIAN FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS JAMBI 2016

METODE TAMBANG BAWAH BAWAH TANAH MENGGUNAKAN PENYANGGA

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Contoh sus susuna unan n Cribbi Cribbing ng dikomb dikombina inasik sikan an Gam!a/  Contoh dengan besi baja

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B*" B*" a$ala' a$ala' 8am)%/ 8am)%/a" a" a"a/a a"a/a ,*m*"( ,*m*"( )a,./ )a,./ $a" a./ +a"# -a$a"#9-a$a"# $.am!a' :a:l 2  48al,.%m 8'l/.$a5 +a"# !*/%"#,. ,*!a#a. )*m*/8*)a &a-% )*"#*/a,a" 48%//."# .m*5 K*%"%"#a""+a K*%"%"#a""+a )*"+a"##a !*"  - M*m)%"+a. -%a *-a" +a"# ."##. -  Ta'a"  Ta'a" */'a$a) )*"#a/%' )*"#a/%' 8%a8a - Ba'a"9!a'a" m%$a' $.$a)a K*/%#.a" K*/%#.a" )*"+a"##a !*"  - K%a a/.- /*"$a' - Da)a 'a"8%/ .!a9.!a( a")a a$a a"$a9a"$a - Ha"8%/a" !*" .$a- $a)a $.#%"a-a" la#. B P*"+a *"+a"# "##a #a a-. a-.    B*/,.a m*la-%-a" /*a-,. la"#,%"# 4+.*l$5 $a" m*m)*/-%a !a%a" */,*!% ,*8a/a la"#,%"# 4/*."/8*m*"5 Ma8am9ma8am )*"+a"##a a-.  1 Ba% Ba% !a% !a%a" a"

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3 P&*/ P&*/*$ *$ R R S%))/ S%))/ 4PRS5

P&*/ &*/*$ *$ R  S%)) S%))/ / 4PRS 4PRS55 a$al a$ala' a' ,%a ,%a% % !*" !*"%%)*"+a"##a +a"# $.*/a)-a" $. ,%a% am!a"# !a%!a/a $. )*"am!a"#a" ;l"#&all< P*"+a"##a .". .$a- 'a"+a !*/%"#,. m*"+a"##a aa)( *a *a). ). %#a %#a !*/ !*/%" %"#, #,.. %"% %"%- m*"$ m*"$/ /" "# # 8"> 8">*+ *+/ / !*/#*/a- ma% $*"#a" *"a#a '.$/a%l.8

Tambang bawah tanah yang menggunakan peny penyan angg gga a atau atau Supo Supot te! e! Stop Stope e Meth Metho! o! a!a"ah #ebaga$ be$kut % &' (ut an! )$""

A$ala A$ala' ' ,%a% ,%a% m*$* m*$* )*"am! )*"am!a"# a"#a" a" $*"#a" $*"#a" ala" ala" m*"#am m*"#am!.l !.l !a#. !a#.a" a" $*m. $*m. !a#. !a#.a" a" 4,l. 4,l.8* 8* !+5 !+5 $.ma $.ma"a "a !a#. !a#.a" a" +a"# +a"# ,%$a ,%$a' ' $.aam!a"# $.-*l%a/-a" /*"+a lal% $.ma,%-a" ma*/.al )*"#.,. ,*!*l%m )*"am!a"#a" !*/.-%"+a $.la-%-a" Material pengisi disini berfungsi sebagai berikut :

a *m)a !*/).a- %"%- )*m!/a" $a" )*"##al.a" !*/.-%"+a ! ,*!a#a. ,*!a#a. )*"+a"# )*"+a"##a' #a' !a%a" !a%a" ,*-*l.l."# ,*-*l.l."#"+a "+a 8 U"%U"%- m*"8*#a' m*"8*#a' */a$." */a$."+a +a )*"%/%"aa )*"%/%"aa" " )*/m%)*/m%-aa" aa" System ini cocok untuk endapan sebagai berikut :

U"%U"%- *"$a)a" *"$a)a" +a"# !*/!*"%!*/!*"%- Pa." Pa." $*"#a" $*"#a" $.) $.) @0 U"%U"%- *"$a)a" *"$a)a" $*"#a" $*"#a" -**!al -**!ala" a" 196 m**/ m**/ Ba%a" Ba%a" ,am)."#" ,am)."#"+a +a a#a- l%"a-7 l%"a-7-%/ -%/a"# a"# -m)a-m)a- /*"+ /*"+a a m*m.l. m*m.l.-. -. ".la. ".la. +a"# ."##. ."##. $a" m*m*/l% m*m*/l%-a -a" " m."."# m."."# /*8>*/+ +a"# ."##. #%"a m*"%%). "#-, * Da)a Da)a $.)* $.)*//#%"a #%"a-a -a" " %"% %"%- *"$a *"$a)a )a" " !.. !..' ' +a"# +a"# !aa !aa," ,"+a +a -%/a"# */a%/ $a" !a"+a- */$a)a Ba//*" /8- 4!a%a" ,*-*l.l."#"+a ma,%- -*$alam !..'5 D.a"a/a *"$a)a" !..' +a"# ,*$a"# $.am!a"#

a ! 8 $

Keuntungan :

a :%:%-%) )l*)l*-,. ,.!* !*ll ,*'. ,*'."# "##a #a $a)a $a)a m*"a m*"am! m!a" a"# # !a#. !a#.a" a"99 !a#.a" +a"# ,%l. $a" $a)a m*"#a$a-a" ,*l*-. m."."# ! $a/. $a/. ,)* ,)* $a)a $a)a $.la$.la-%%-a" a" *-,)l *-,)l/a, /a,.. %"%%"%- m*"#* m*"#*a'% a'%.. a/a' )*"+*!a/a" !..' ,*la"%"+a 8 Ba//*" Ba//*" /8-7W /8-7Wa,l* $a)a $a)a $.)a-a. $.)a-a. ma*/.al ma*/.al )*"#.,. )*"#.,. $ P*maP*ma-a. a. .m!*/ ,*$.-. ,*'."##a ,*'."##a -*m%"#-*m%"#-."a" ."a" -*!%,%-*!%,%-a" a" -a+% $a" -*!a-a/a" a/a"# */a$. * B.,a m*"$a) m*"$a)aa-a" a" m."."# m."."# R*8>*/ R*8>*/+ + +a"# ."##. ."##.  B.la m*m%"#-."-a" )*"am!a"#a" $.la-%-a" )a$a !*!*/a)a *m)a ,*'."##a )/$%-,."+a !*,a/ # K*8.l -*m%"#-. -*m%"#-."a" "a" */a$."+a */a$."+a )*"%/%"aa" )*"%/%"aa" )*/m%-a )*/m%-aa" a" Kerugiaan:

a S*la." S*la." m*"am!a"# m*"am!a"# %#a %#a 'a/%, m*"8a/ m*"8a/.. ma*/.al ma*/.al )*"#.,. )*"#.,.

! 'a/% 'a/%, , $.la $.la-%-a" %-a" )*m. )*m.,a ,a'a 'aa" a" +a"# +a"# 8%8%-%) !a.!a.- a"a a"a/a /a *"$a)a *"$a)a" " !..' !..' $*"#a" $*"#a" ma*/. ma*/.al al )*"#., )*"#.,.. a#a/ a#a/ .$a.$a- */a$ */a$.. )*"#/a" 8 O"#-, O"#-, )*"am!a"# )*"am!a"#a" a" /*la. /*la. ."##. ."##.

*' STU++ STOP,NG

A$ala $ala' ' ,%a ,%a% % m* m*$ $* )*"am *"am! !a"#a a"#a" " +a"# a"# m*" m*"##%" ##%"aa-a" a" )*"+a"##aa" -a+% 4.m!*/5( $a" )*"+a"##a $.)a,a"# la"#,,%"# $a/. $a/. 'a"# 'a"#." ."# # &all &all -*   &all &all P*"+a *"+a"# "##a #a .". .". $.,* $.,*!% !% ,%l ,%ll l P*"+a"##aa" .". !.a, ,.,.ma.,(*a). !.a, %#a 'a"+a $.)a,a"# ,**m)a !.la !.la -*a$aa" !a%a" m*m%"#-."-a" m*m%"#-."-a" Metode penambangan ini cocok untuk endapan bijih yang memiliki sifat-sifat sebagai berikut :

a ! 8 $

K*-%aa" *-%aa" !..' !..' a#a- *!al( *!al( ,*'."##a ,*'."##a .$a- )*/l% )*/l% $.,a"##a $.,a"##a -*-%a -* -%aa" a" !a%a" !a%a" ,am)."# ,am)."# m%$a' m%$a' )*8a' )*8a' K*m./."#a" *m./."#a" *"$a) *"$a)a" a" .$a.$a- */lal% */lal% !*/)*" !*/)*"##a/% ##a/%' ' U-%/a U%/a" " *"$a)a *"$a)a" " a"a/a a"a/a 193 m**/( m**/( +a.% +a.% -**!al -**!ala" a" ma,.' !.a, !.a, $.8a $.8a)a )a.. l*' l*' )*"+ )*"+a" a"## ##a a -a+% a+% a") a")a a ,am! ,am!%" %"#a #a" " 4.m!*/5 * Ka$a/ Ka$a/ !..' ."##.( ."##.( -a/*"a -a/*"a "#-, "#-, )*"am!a"# )*"am!a"#a" a" %#a ."##. ."##.

Cara penambangan :

a P*"*/a) P*"*/a)a""+ a""+a a $.!aa,. $.!aa,. l*' l*' )a"a"# )a"a"# ,%ll ,%ll ! U"%U"%- m*"#'. m*"#'."$a "$a/. /. am!l*, am!l*,a" a" 4S%/a 4S%/a8* 8* S%!,.$ S%!,.$*"8 *"8*5 *5 ma-a ma-a 'a/%, $..,. $*#a" ma*/.al )*"#.,. ,*'."##a $a)a !*/%!a' ma"a$. 8% a"$ ll 8 Kala% ala% )*"% )*"%/% /%"a "a" " )*/ )*/m%m%-aa aa" " !%m. !%m.(( ma-a ma-a l%!a l%!a"# "# !*-a !*-a, , lm!"# $a)a $.!.a/-a" -,"# $a" /%"%' ,*"$./. ma-a !.a,a"+a +a"# $.)a-a. ) ,l.8."# Segi positif stull stoping :

a :a/a )*"am!a"#a" ,a"# a"#a ,*$*/'a"a -a/ a/* *"a 8a/a )*"+a" )*"+a"##a ##a" " .". .$a.$a- ,%l. ,%l. ,*'."# ,*'."##a #a .$a.$a- m*m*/l m*m*/l%%-a" a" !a"+a- -a/+a&a" +a"# */am).l ! B.,a m*"."## m*"."##al-a al-a" " ).lla/ +a"# +a"# */!%a */!%a $a/. !a/*" !a/*" /8- /8- 8 Ka/*" a/*"a a l%&* l%&*, , $a)a $a)a $.la $.la-%-a" %-a" ,*l* ,*l*8 8.> .>* * m.". m."."# "#(( mama-a )*/l*'a" am!a"#"+a !.a, ."##. $ M*m.l.-. M*m.l.-. am."a" am."a" -*ama"a -*ama"a" " +a"# 8%-%) 8%-%) !a.- $.!a"$."# $.!a"$."#-a" -a" ,=%a/* ,*."# aa% 8% a"$ ll( -a/*"a %-%/a" *"$a)a" !..'"+a .)., Segi negatif Stull Stoping :

a Ka/*" a/*"a a m*ma m*ma-a -a.. )*"+ )*"+a" a"## ##a a -a -a+% +% $a)a $a)a m*"+ m*"+*! *!a! a!-a" )*m!%,%-a" ,*/a -*!a-a/a" ! Pa$a a$a %m%m" m%m"+ +a ,%,%-a/ %"%"%- m*"# m*"#'. '." "$a/. $a/. */ */a$. a$." "+a )*"#/a" 8 Da)a Da)a m*"+ m*"+*! *!a! a!-a" am!l am!l*, *,a" a" -*8%a *8%al. l. $..$..-% %.. $*"# $*"#a" a" )*"#.,.a" !*-a,9!*-a, lm!"#

-' S.uae Set Stop$ng

S=%a/ S=%a/* * ,* ,)." ,)."# # m*/%)a m*/%)a-a -a" " ,.,*m ,.,*m )a"am! )a"am!a"# a"#a" a" $*"#a" $*"#a" )*"+a"##aa" ,*8a/a ,.*ma., +a"# ,al."# *#a- l%/%, -*,*#ala (tiga dimensi) dimensi).. P*"+a"##a .". m*m.l-. -*/a"#-a !*/%)a a/a' a/ a' (tiga -%!%, ma%)%" *m)a )*/,*#. )a"a"# Cara ini cocok untuk endapan yang bersifat :

a K*-%aa" *-%aa" !..' !..' l*ma' l*ma' ,*/a ,*/a m%$a' /%"% /%"%' ' ! K*-%aa" *-%aa" !a%a" !a%a" ,am)."# ,am)."# l*ma' ,*/a ,*/a m%$a' m%$a' /%"%' /%"%' 8 B*"%B*"%- *"$a)a *"$a)a" " a- )*/l% )*/l% m*m.l.-. m*m.l.-. !aa,9! !aa,9!aa aa, , +a"# +a"# !a.!a.aa% *la, $.l.'a( m.,al"+a m*m)%"+a. C ,'( )8-*( $ll $ K*m./." *m./."#a" #a" *"$a *"$a)a" )a"  @0 +# !*/!*"%- %/a !..' * UU-%/a %/a" " *"$a) *"$a)a" a" m.".m% m.".m%m m 3( m m  M*m.l. M*m.l.-. -. -a$a -a$a// !..' !..' +a"# +a"# ,a"#a ,a"#a ."##. ."##. Um%m"+a 8a/a .". 88- %"%- *"$a)a" $*"#a" !a%a" +a"# l%"a-( l*' -a/*"a .% 8a/a )*"am!a"#a" .". ,%l. %"%- $.%!a' -*8a/a )*"am!a"#a" +a"# la." A-a" A-a" *a). *a). -a -ala% la% ,a"#a ,a"#a */)a */)a-,a -,a(( m.,al" m.,al"+a +a -a -a/* /*"a "a -*a$aa" *a$aa" !a%a" a#a- -*/a, $a" ,%/a8* ,%!,.$*"8* .$a- !l*' */a$.( ma-a $a)a $.%!a' -* 8a/a 8% a"$ ll aa% ,%ll ,)."# !.la %/a !..'"+a .)., :a/a :a/a )*"am! )*"am!a"# a"#a" a" .". $a)a $a)a $.)a$.)a-a. a. ,*!a#a ,*!a#a.. )*l*"# )*l*"#-a -a) ) aa% aa% )*m!a"% 8a/a )*"am!a"#a" la." !.la !*"%- !..'"+a .$a- !a.-( m.,al"+a $.*m%-a" C ,'( aa% )*"+a"##a %"$*/ 8a )a$a !l-8a>."# !l-8a>."# K* K*8%al 8%al.. ,=%a/* ,=%a/* ,*."# ,*."# ,*/."# ,*/."# $.)*/#%"a$.)*/#%"a-a" a" %"%m*"#am!.l ).lla/ +a"# */l*a- $.a"a/a lm!"#9lm!"# +a"# ,%$a' $..,. $*"#a" ll."# ma*/.al Segi positif Suare Set Stoping :

a Da)a $.#%"a $.#%"a-a" -a" %"%%"%- m*"am!a" m*"am!a"# # ,*#ala ,*#ala ma8am %-%/a" %-%/a" $a" $a" !*" !*"%%- *"$a *"$a)a )a" " !.. !..'( '( a,al a,al -*m./ *m./." ."#a #a" " @ @ 0(l%&*, $ala $alam m a/. a/. $a)a $a)a m*"a m*"am! m!a" a"# # ,*#a ,*#ala la ma8a ma8am m !*" !*"%%*"$a)a" ! Da)a Da)a $.)a-a. $.)a-a. %"%%"%- *"$a)a *"$a)a" " $a" !a%a" !a%a" ,am)." ,am)."# # +a"# -*a$aa""+a -*a$aa""+a ,a"#a l%"a- $a" m%$a' /%"%' 8 M*m%"#-."M*m%"#-."-a" a" $.la-%-a" $.la-%-a""+a "+a )*"am!a"# )*"am!a"#a" a" $*"#a" $*"#a" m."."# m."."# /*8>*/+ +# ."##.  0 4'.#' m."."# */a8."5 $ V*".la,. *".la,. l*!.' l*!.' m%$a' m%$a' $.a%/ $.a%/ * Da)a m*m!*/. m*m!*/. -* -*ama"a ama"a" " -* -*/a /a +a"# ."##. ."##. Segi negatif Suar Set Stoping :

a M*ma-a. M*ma-a. !a"+a!a"+a- )*"+a"## )*"+a"##a a -a+% ,*'."##a ,*'."##a m*"+*!a! m*"+*!a!-a" -a" "#"#-, , )*"a )*"am! m!a" a"#a #a" " ma" ma"a$ a$.. ma'a ma'al( l( -*m%" *m%"##-." ."a" a" !a'a+a -*!a-a/a" l*!.' !*,a/( $a" $a)a */a$. )*m!%,%-a" ,*'."##a a-a" */!*"%- #a,9#a, !*/a8%" ! Wa-% a-% %"%%"%- )*"+.a )*"+.a)a" )a" $a" )*"+*$ )*"+*$.aa .aa" " -a -a+% +% )*"+a" )*"+a"##a ##a l*!. l*!.' ' -%/a" %/a"# # $a/. $a/. 30( 30( ,*$a ,*$a"# "#-a" >l% >l%m* m* -a -a+% +% +a"# +a"# $.!%%'-a" ,*-.a/ 691 8 S%-a/ S%-a/ $.%!a' $.%!a' -*,., -*,.,*m *m )*"am!a" )*"am!a"#a" #a" +a"# +a"# la." la." DA)TA/ PUSTAKA

')77%l.a",%/ama,!l#,)8.$7 D.a-,*, )a$a 1 A)/.l 2016 ')77%l.a",%/ama,!l#,)8.$7 )%-%l 23@ WIB '),77&&&,8/.!$8m7$872616627P*"+a"##aa"9Tam!a"#9 Ba&a'9Ta"a' D.a-,*, )a$a 1 A)/.l 2016 )%-%l 23@ WIB Ba&a'9Ta"a' '),77%#8alm."*&/$)/*,,8m7a#7,.,*m '),77%#8alm."*&/$)/ *,,8m7a#7,.,*m9)*"+a"##aa"7 9)*"+a"##aa"7 D.a-,*, )a$a 1 A)/.l 2016 )%-%l 23@ WIB ')77&&&#*"!/"*8m7201270@7)*"+a"#aa"9am!a"#9 !a&a'9a"a''ml D.a-,*, )a$a 1 A)/.l 2016 )%-%l 23@ !a&a'9a"a''ml WIB '),77&&&a8a$*m.a*$%733017METODETAMBANGBAWAH   TANAH  T ANAH D.a-,*, )a$a 1 A)/.l 2016 )%-%l 23@ WIB