Mentum LTE Planet v521 07sep2010 Peter

Application note for LTE FDD for planet v5.2.1 (build 44)

Peter Cheung, Technical Consultant Mentum HK 09 Sep 2010

Work flow • Project setup • Map, preference (e.g., unit, display) and project setting • Network setting (spectrum, mod CINR, frame setup) • Create site table (e.g., ASP, Capesso, network overlay)

• Sector setup • • • • • •

Organize sectors (flag/group/query/site set/site template) General (long/lat, antenna, link budget, model, filter mask) Antenna algorithm (MIMO, diversity, AMS) Power (EIRP, avg per RE per channel) ICIC related (RSRQ threshold and outer cell RE %) PCID and A3 HO threshold

• Network analysis • • • • •

Setup sub (equipment and service) and environment Define area and PoC curve other system interference (e.g., other system interference, Femtocell) Generate layers for different loading % Do statistics report, compare with KPI

• Monte Carlo • Generate traffic map and setup sub type • Setup scheduler and run MC for combination of sub type/environment • Apply cell loading and re-run network analysis

• Others 2

• Generate IM, NL (single/multi-tech) • AFP and PCID

Project setup (1) – map DTM/cutter/clutter height/polygon/vector must have same projection/resolution (eg UTM xxx at xxx m)

Since model is map dependent, so need to select proper map to run prediction for different models

Subfolder names under Geodata must be matched Map should be in UTM zone xxx and site/sector/DT should be in long/lat

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Project setup (2) – preference

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Project setup (3) – network setting Define spectrum (start/end DL/UL freq and BW)

For subband (e.g., with carriers gap), need to define separate band, since each sector can ssign ONLY one band “grey” out means some sectors are using defined band. If need to modify existing band, need to first switch all sectors using this band to a “dummy” band first.

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Project setup (4) – network setting Option 1 à CINR threshold for each MCS with one spectral eff [bits/symbol] at some specified PER %, bits/symbol can be extracted from CQI table in 3gpp 36.213

Speed of each MCS is defined in project setting

Option 2 à define spectral efficiency curve for each MCS. If used, new layers can be generated (e.g., UL/DL max/avg spectral eff) and affect max UL/DL data rate layers, best available DL/UL mod and UL noise rise (select max spectral eff)

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Project setup (5) – network setting If Interference coordinate (i.e., ICIC) is enabled for this frame config, FFR, RSRQ threshold and RE % can be specified

carrier BW will define FFT size, sampling freq • # occupied DL/UL subcarriers (excl DC/guard) • # total RB/slot • # RB for sounding ref signal Throughput (including L1 overhead) = #occupied subcarrier x #symbol/slot x #slot/frame x fps x bit/RE

e.g., 10MHz carrier with spectral eff=5bits/RE has 601x7x20x100x5 = 42Mbps Throughput (excluding RS symbol) = #data symbol/RB x #slot/frame x fps x #RB/slot x #bit/symbol e.g., 10MHz carrier with 4 RS symbol and 64QAM/no FER has 80 x 20 x 100 x 50 x 6 = 48Mbps 7

Project setup (6) – network setting DL frame editor

DL overhead % = total overhead / DL frame duration Where Total overhead = CP + PDCCH + PBCH + ref signal Note that #RE allocated for PBCH and ref signal is dependent on # of tx antenna.

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UL frame editor

UL overhead = demod ref signal + PUCCH + sounding ref signal

Project setup (7) – use ASP Propagation model criterion

Traffic/site template criterion

• Define basic (fit hexagon) or advanced (can use candidate site list, traffic map, coverage/model criteria) • Define clutter exclusion, antenna height range, max pathloss, site radius • Define polygon/area

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Project setup (8) – use ASP Optimization constraint used by ASP and ACP (e.g., capesso) as input setting

Range of antenna height that can be adjusted by ASP

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Project setup (9) – use ASP

Sites generated from advanced ASP (meet criteria for coverage then traffic, use customized site template for different clutter and with antenna height adjusted)

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Sites generated from basic ASP (fit # polygon of defined radius for 1 site template for all clutter and with clutter exclusion)

Project setup (10) – use capesso

Create site candidate lists in planet first, run prediction. Then export to capesso and let capesso pick # site according to user defined criterion (coverage/capacity)

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Project setup (11) – network overlay

• pick data source for other technology (e.g., group of GSM sites from same project) • select LTE FDD band used for newly created co-located LTE FDD sites (with same antenna ht/azimuth, # of sector etc) • save new LTE FDD site tabe and/or add suffix to sector ID [optional]

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Sector setup (1) – organize sectors Site template can be created from existing sites

Flag, group, query to organize sectors for display/network analysis

Site set is storage of full/partial set of different version (e.g., site set before and after optimization) Query offer flexible sector group accordingly to user defined criteria

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Sector setup (2) – general Site à base station (different technology) à sector à antenna ID (e.g., split sector)

Each sector assign one band with its flag/group Max pooled throughput of site (blocked sub in MC runs)

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Sector setup (3) – general

Each sector assign • antenna algorithm • prediction model/distance/# of radial • one or multiple antenna with specified link budget and feeder length • Tx/Rx filter mask (at eNodeB)

Affect adjacent channel interference

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Set threshold for blocked sub in MC run (coverage, #sub, UL noise rise)

Sector setup (4) – antenna algo

See antenna algorithm application note for details

Smart antenna/beamforming à increasing CINR by increasing C and decreasing I Diversity gain à adding CINR margin

MIMO (open-loop) or spatial MUX à increasing throughput relative to SISO with option for UL collaborative MIMO and LOS exclusion [MIMO improve throughout, not necessary coverage]

Automatic MIMO switch à switch to diversity (low CINR) or MIMO (high CINR) or MIMO+diversity (high CINR with spare antenna for diversity)

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Sector setup (5) – power Combined PA power (e.g., if #Tx antenna=2 with 40dBm each, PA power=43dBm) Enable hopping can improve reference CINR, but also affect DL loading % to other cell depending on RE reuse

Ref signal power = PA power x (% of ref signal within 1 RB) Where % depends on #subcarrier for ref signal and data E.g., 10MHz carrier has #ref signal subcarrier/RB=2, #total subcarrier/RB=12 à ref signal Tx power = 34.55dBm with 3dB boost

Avg power per RE for xxx signal (used to calculate different RSRP, DL CINR)

Affect UL CINR

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Sector setup (5) – ICIC related • Input for network analysis, output for MC • DL loading % = traffic loading = used # data RE / available # data RE e.g., 10MHz has 2 RS RE/RB, if 4 data subcarrier/RB is used, then DL loading = 4/(12-2)=40% [assume RS always Tx. But not data] UL noise rise can be initially estimated as 10*log[1/(1-UL loading %)] FFR usage % = % traffic loading in outer cell (only for frame config supports ICIC) Multiple antenna % = % traffic support AAS

RSRQ (ref signal received quality) used to define inner/outer cell boundary Outer cell % = RE% used in outer cell e.g., 100% means no ICIC e.g., -90dBm) = avg power received on 1 ref signal RE • Ref signal strength [dBm] = total power received on ref signal RE = RSRP x 10log(# of ref signal RE) • RSRQ (ref signal received quality) [dB] (e.g., KPI has RSRQ > -10dB) = 10log (N x RSRP / RSSI) Where N = total #RB, RSSI=avg power received on ref signal symbol

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• Max RSRQ = -3dB • UE/CPE measure RSRP and RSRQ • Compare to WCDMA • RSRP à CPICH RSCP for coverage KPI • RSRQ à CPICH Ec/No for interference KPI • Cell selection procedure [idle mode]à RSRP is used • HO procedure à can be RSRP, RSRQ or both

Network analysis (13) – statistics Since each layer is a mapinfo grid file, statistics report can be generated and check for KPI

Can do statistics on one or multiple layer

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Include NULL and/or zero values in statistics

Network analysis (14) – statistics Similar to grid query from grid manager, extract statistics based on different filtering criteria

Can filter by one filter

Can filter by >1 filter 35

Network analysis (15) – statistics

Step size used for statistics % sub area and % sub within area X

Step size used for statistics

Filter by grc grid (e.g., best server or clutter map) 36

Filter by traffic map (e.g., Er, #sub, throughput)

Network analysis (16) – statistics Best server laye filter by numeric grid (e.g., DL avg data rate)

Compute mean/min/max/median/std dev/RMS of all bins within best serving coverage area of sector xx Note, mean grid is NOT avg sector thoughput, since mean is avg is ALL DL data rate bin, assuming there is 1 sub per bin (e.g., problem for overshoot area with no sub)

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Network analysis (17) – optimization based on statistics [see separate ppt for LTE optimization based on statistics]

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• Sort (ascending/descending) (e.g., find top 10 sectors with highest coverage prob %) • filter by specified range • generate statistics CDF/PDF • generate labels • generate sector display scheme (e.g., different sector color to rep. specified data rate range)

Network analysis (18) – optimization parameter examples • Coverage for RS • Boost for RS • PCID and RS FH

• Power affects coverage/interference • DL power à RS and PSS/SSS signal with boost • UL power à PUCCH, PUSCH and SRS

• Antenna config • Multiple antenna affects DL CINR, which determine highest MCS, max data rate and spectral efficiency • E-tilt/azimuth/height/type improve DL CINR for sub close to eNodeB

• ICIC • • • •

Affect DL CINR and data rate, especially at outer cell Affect cell edge coverage probability, especially for high MCS Static ICIC using 1:3 reuse Dynamic ICIC based on channel/traffic conditions (e.g., RSRQ, FFR %, outer cell RE %)

• Scheduler • Assign RB according to predefined rules [see MC slides later] 39

MC (1) – generate traffic map Generated Traffic map can be convert (between different unit), scaled and combined

Generate traffic map by • regions (polygon) • vector • classified grid (e.g., clutter map) • network data (e.g., recorded OSS traffic statistics per sector)

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MC (2) – use traffic map as demand Tabulate site ID/sector ID/ # of sub as an excel file

Import excel file to planet and map column

Import excel to operational data

Traffic demand for LTE can be #sub or throughput [kbps]

NOTE: use MC for indication to capacity/dimensioning and network stability (i.e., when network becomes saturated and start to block sub) 41

MC (3) – generate TM via best server with clutter weight Create best server grid based on RS

Spread traffic demand per sector according to best serving coverage bins

Apply weight for different clutter class

Combine vector to clutter as “new” clutter

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MC (4) – generate TM via best server with clutter weight Generated traffic map

Combine vector “primary” to original clutter as new clutter map “primary_clutter”, and a new clutter class “highways” is added

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MC (5) – setup sub type Priority set for different sub type

1 sub type have • traffic map • equipment • one or more usage (weight for 4 environment) for one or more services/speed combination

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MC (3) – setup MAC scheduler Proportional demand Proportional fair Maximum capacity

Scheduler types (serve sub at min data rate) • priority •Based on priority in sub setting

• proportional demand •RB given to low data rate sub • max capacity •RB given to high data rate sub • proportional fair •RB given to sub with better CINR • user defined •RB given to sub with user defined weight

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MC (4) – setting

Input # of MC run and required convergence %

Choose one or more sub type in 1 freq band

Steps of MC • spread sub randomly and independently per run • sort sub by priority (sub type, service, QoS) • analyze DL and UL, check if sub is served • generating operating point and sub info (e.g., status and spreading)

convergence % = 46

Choose scheduler

max

#blocked sub of last 5 run

−

min

#blocked sub of last 5 run

avg # blocked sub

MC (5) – generate report Status with blocked reason

Detailed MC report for sub/throughput per sector/carrier

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Other (1) – generate IM Use IM as input to generate NL, AFP and PCID

Histogram based IM can be in area % or traffic % between server/interferer

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Other (2) – import IM

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Other (3) – generate NL From IM, get NL from overlapped area/traffic or both NL can be generated • based on best server grid or IM • for single technology (LTE à LTE) • for multiple technology (LTE à CDMA, CDMA à LTE)

From Best server grid, get NL from border

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Other (4) – edit/compare NL

NL result can be view in map or manually add/delete Different NL table can be compared and merged

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Other (5) – generate AFP and PCID Violation cost for AFP

Violation cost for PCID

For AFP/PCID planning, IM is mandatory input, and NL input is optional

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Other (6) – AFP and PCID results Report of reuse distance/interference % for different sector

Display PCID/carrier in map 53

Backup slides

Spectral efficiency vs CINR Different curve for different MCS under different channel conditions

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DL frame structure

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DL reference signal (3GPP 36.211) Depending on # Tx antenna, # and RE position is different for reference signal of different antenna Normal CP, # Tx antenna = 1

Normal CP, # Tx antenna = 2

Normal CP, # Tx antenna = 4

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A3 Handover event

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LTE QCI (QoS class ID) 3GPP 23.203 QCI table for different services and PER

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Channel models (3GPP 36.101 app B2) • EPA5 à slow speed pedestrian sub with highest throughput • EVA50 à medium speed sub • ETU300 à high speed sub with multipath spread > CP window

f _ doppler mobile _ speed = f _ carrier

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