Memo for October

Memo for October/November 2010 By Ashton According to Biology 8 th edition Question 1 1.

e

2.

c

3.

c

4.

e

5.

e

6.

a

7.

d

8.

d

9.

d

10.

d

Question 2 2.1

Binomial

2.2

gram stain

2.3

Bioremediation

2.4

Carpel

2.5

Charophytes

Question 3 3.1 (any 5) (page 631) Monocots

Dicots

Embryo One cotyledon Leaf venation

Two cotyledons

Veins usually parallel

Veins usually netlike

Stems Vascular tissue scattered

Vascular tissue usually arranged in a ring

Roots Root system usually fibrous (no main root)

Tap root (main root) usually present

Pollen Pollen grain with one opening

Pollen grain with three openings

Flowers Floral organs usually in multiples of three

Floral organs usually in multiples of four or five

3.2 After a pollen grain lands on a suitable stigma, it absorbs water and germinates by producing a pollen tube, which grows between the cells of the style toward the ovary. The nucleus of the generative cell divides by mitosis and forms two sperm. Directed by a chemical attractant produced by the two synergids flanking the egg, the t ip of the pollen tube enters the ovule through the micropyle and discharges its two sperm near or within the female gametophyte (embryo sac). Upon reaching the female gametophyte, one sperm fertilizes the egg, forming the zygote. The other sperm combines with the two polar nuclei, forming a t riploid (3n) nucleus in the center of the large central cell of the female gametophyte. This large cell will give rise to the endosperm, a food·storing tissue of the seed. The union of two sperm cells with different nuclei of the female gametophyte is called double fertilization. 3.3

Question 4 Prop roots: support tall, top heavy plants. Storage roots: store food and water. Buttress roots: support tall trees Pneumatophores: project above water to obtain oxygen. Strangler aerial roots: wrap around host tree to support plant. Question 5 An apicomplexan is A protist in a clade that includes many species that parasitize animals. Some apicomplexans cause human disease.

Question 6 6.1

Growth hormone (GH) Prolactin (PRL) Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (THS) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

6.2

Androgens Estrogens Progestins

6.3 (Adrenal medulla)

Epinephrine Norepinephrine

(Adrenal cortex)

Glucocorticoids

 

6.4

Mineralocorticoids

Melatonin

Question 7 7.1

Sexual reproduction

7.2

sperm

7.3

budding

7.4

fragmentation

7.5

oviparous

Question 8 Homo sapiens Question 9 9.1

Conveys and help refine filtrate

9.2

re-absorption of water

9.3

movement of Nacl out of the filtrate

9.4

regulates the K+ and NaG concentration of body fluids

9.5

carries the filtrate through the medulla to the renal pelvis