Mejoramiento y Ampliacion Del Servicio de Agua Potable, Alcantarillado Sanitario Del Sector de Tablada Alta-Illanya

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX

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HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX

 LM HB MB HCL]BL MC >. NL NL]B ]BHB HBMB MBL] L]BX BX MBE MBE TTZC[ ZC[BH BH]C ]C.. :. HNZN HNZNH] H]BZ BZÆX ÆX]] H HNX NX I IBL BLBZ BZNE NEBX BX.. :.>. RJ HNH Ø ØL L TCEÆ] HN. :.:. RJ HNH Ø ØL L IBCIZ IBCIZÎG ÎG HN. :.8. RJ HNH Ø ØL L @ MZCIZ MZCIZÎG ÎG HN. :.=. WÆNX MB NH NHHBXC HBXC [ HCFRL HN HNH H ØL. :.2. BP]B BP]BLX LX ØL, NE] ]RM [ ECHN ECHNEE _NH ØL. :.7.. EÆF ]BX :.7 ]BX.. :.9. @NJ E ]NH CLBX JBLB JBLBGG H NZ NX. :.0.. W W BBLMN :.0 LMN.. :.;. NXTB NXTBH]CX H]CX MBFCI MBFCIZÎG ZÎG HCX [ XCH NEBX. :.>4. :.> 4. TCJ TCJENH ENH Ø ØL L JBLB JBLBGG H NZ N. :. :.>> >>.. HE FN. FN. :.>:. :.> :. ]CT ]CTCIZ CIZNGÆ NGÆN. N. :.>8. :.> 8. BLB BLBZI ZI N BBEBH EBH]Z ]Z HN HN.. :. :.>= >=.. XN XNER ERM. M. :.>2 :.>2.. BM BMRH RHNH NH Ø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ÕB. NIÕB. =.>.8. XBZW H C MB ]ZN]N ]ZN]NF F BL]C [ M XT XTCX CX H ØL G LNE MB NIRNX XXBZW BZW MNX MNX..

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX >. NL NL]B ]BHB HBMB MBL] L]BX BX MB MBEE TZ TZC[ C[BH BH]C ]C?? En Bfprbsn Fulkhkpne mb Xbrvkhkcs mb Niun Tctnjeb y Nehnltnrkeenmc BFRXNT NJNLHN[, tkblb hcfc nhtkvkmnm prklhkpne jrklmnr ecs sbrvkhkcs mb niun pctnjeb y Nehnltnrkeenmc n en pcjenhkøl mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, jushnlmc hcjbrturn c sntksgnhbr ens mbfnlmns iblbrnmns pcr be hrbhkfkblt hrbhkfkbltcc mb ecs hbltrcs urjnlcs mbe îrbn mb klgeublhkn mb en Bfprbsn. Be prbsbltb prcybhtc sb rbnekzn n scekhktum mb en crinlkznhkøl hcloultn hcl ecs rbprbsbltnltbs mbe Xbhtcr ]njenmn Netn-Keenlyn bstîl nsbltnmns  nsbltnmns  ens sbks Nschknhkclbs Hcstn Wbrmb, Wbrmb, Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne, Nschknhkøl Zbskmblhkne Gcrtnebzn, Nschknhkøl Ens Ecfns, Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn y en Nschknhkøl Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb eenlyn en eenlyn  en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ X. X.N.H N.H yn qub bl mmkh`n kh`n zcln mb kltbrvblhkøl, en pcjenhkøl hubltn pnrhknefbltb be sbrvkhkc mb niun pctnjeb y lc bxkstb skstbfn mb nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc. Be skstbfn mb niun pctnjeb `n skmc klstnenmc bl be nþc :449, hcl tujbræns mb TWH, be hune `nstn en gbh`n sb tkblb bl gulhkclnfkbltc pbrc bl gcrfn klnmbhunmn. Bxkstkblmc mbltrc mbe penl mb mbsnrrceec urjnlc :4>:-:4:>, mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, sb `n sbhtcrkznmc be îrbn urjnln bl >> sbhtcrbs, bstnlmc be îrbn bl bstumkc bl be sbhtcr 2, hcrrbspclmkbltb ne sbhtcr urjnlc (Jbeenvkstn Jnon- eeenlyn), hcl uln bxtblskøl mb :7:.4: af: `n y uln pcjenhkøl mb 7249 `njktnltbs, hclskmbrnmc hcfc ul îrbn urjnln mb jnon mblskmnm pcjenhkclne. pcjenhkc lne. Be sbhtcr ]njenmn Netn bs uln urjnlkznhkøl bl hrbhkfkbltc pcjenhkcln pcjenhkclne,e, qub hubltn hcl nprcxkfnmnfbltb 894 gnfkekns qub hnrbhbl mb ul sbrvkhkc nmbhunmc mb snlbnfkbltc jîskhc. 

Hømkic XLKT mbe TKT

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Tekbic

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BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ X.N.H

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Rlkmnm Gc Gcrfuenmcrn

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Bstumkcs y Trcybhtcs BBTTX BBF FRXNT NNJJNLHN[

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Retkfc Bstumkc

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TBZGKE

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Bstnmc mbe Bstumkc

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NTZCJNMC

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Bstnmc mbe TKT

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WKNJEB

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Zbspclsnjeb Wknjkekmnm ?

CTK IE

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Gbh`n mb Wknjkekmnm

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Lcvkbfjrb mbe :4>0

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Fcltc mb Tbrgke

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HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX :. HN HNZN ZNH] H]BZ BZÆX ÆX]] HNX IBL IBLBZ BZNE NEBX BX.. :.>.RJ HNH ØL TCEÆ] HN? Zbikøl ? Trcvklhkn ? Hkumnm ? Xbhtcr ? :.:.RJ HNH ØL IBCIZÎG HN?

Npuræfnh Njnlhny Njnlhny Xbhtcr ]njenmn Netn-Keenlyn

En hkumnm mb Njnlhny sb blhubltrn ujkhnmn bl ens gnemns mbe Xnltunrkc Lnhkclne mb Nfpny y n crkeens mbe ræc Fnrkþc, bl be mbpnrtnfbltc mb Npuræfnh, prcvklhkn mb Njnlhny1 tkblb uln bxtblskøl mb 8 ==9,>8 af: y ibcirîgkhnfbltb sb blhubltrn ujkhnmn scjrb en kltbrsbhhkøl mbe pnrnebec >8´::‛22‖ >8´::‛22‖ mb entktum sur hcl be fbrkmknlc fbrkmknlc 9:´:=‛4>‖ mb ecliktu ecliktumm Cbstb, y su netktum prcfbmkc bs mb : 890 f.s.l.f. Bspbhægk Bspb hægkhnfb hnfbltb ltb be prcy prcybhtc bhtc Fboc Fbocrnfk rnfkbltc bltc y Nfpeknhk Nfpeknhkøl øl mbe Xbrvkhkc Xbrvkhkc mb Niun Tctn Tctnjeb, jeb, Nehnltnrkeenmc Xnlktnrkc sb hkrhulshrkjb bl ens Nschknhkclbs Hcstn Wbrmb, Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne, Nschknhkøl Nschknhkøl Zbskmb Zbskmblhkne lhkne Gcrtnebzn, Gcrtnebzn, Nschknhkøl Ens Ec Ecfns, fns, Nschknhkø Nschknhkøll Nlnfpn y Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb Keenlyn mbe sbhtcr mb ]njenmn Netn-Keenlyn Netn-Keenlyn mb en zcln sur cbstb mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, ujkhnmcs bl en pnrtb jnon mb ens Nschknhkclbs Fnlube Xhcrzn, Xnl Grnlhkshc mb mclmb sb sufklkstrnrî be sbrvkhkc mb fbocrnfkbltc y nfpeknhkøl niun pctnjeb y nehnltnrkeenmc nehnltnrkee nmc snlktnrkc1 nskfksfc nskfksfc en rbujkhnhkøl rbujkhnhkøl mb hcebhtcr prklhkpne n en Nvblkmn Nvblkmn Keenlyn y bstn fnlbrn hnptnr fnycrbs mb îrbns mb mrblnob. Bl be sbhtc sbhtcrr tnjenm tnjenmnn Net Netn-K n-Keen eenly lynn bstîl bstîl nsb nsbltn ltnmns mns ens sbks sbks Nschk Nschknhk nhkclb clbss Hcs Hcstn tn Wbr Wbrmb, mb, Nschk Nsc hknhk nhkøl øl Xn Xnll Hrkst Hrkstøjn øjne,e, Nschk Nschknhk nhkøl øl Zbs Zbskmb kmblhk lhkne ne Gcr Gcrtne tnebzn bzn,, Nsc Nschkn hknhkø hkøll Ens Ecf Ecfns, ns, Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn y Nschknhkøl Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Nschknhkøl Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb Keenlyn, bl be hune sb kltbrvkblb be prcybhtc pbrtblbhkbltb n en Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny, ujkhnmc bl be mbpnrtnfbltc mb Npuræfnh. En zcln mbe prcybhtc sb blhubltrn mbltrc mb ens skiukbltbs hccrmblnmns R]F? LcrtbS[ BstbSP Netktum Zbikøl Ibcirîgkhn

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0'=72,94=.2; f 98;,=09.2> f 8,>>: f.s.l.f. Xkbrrn.

Gki. L´4>? Rjkhnhkøl L´4>? Rjkhnhkøl mbe Îrbn mb Bstumkc. HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX TZCW LH N MB NJNLHN[

MBTNZ]NFBL]C MBTNZ]NFBL] C MB NTRZ FNH

:.8.RJ HNH ØL @ MZCIZÎG HN? Zbikøl lnturne @cyn `kmrcirîgkhn Hublhn Xuj. Hublhn

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Xkbrrn Xur. Npuræfnh Zæc Tnh`nh`nhn Zæc Fnrkþc

:.=.WÆNX MB NHHBXC [ HCFRL HNH CL? HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Tnrn be nhhbsc n en zcln mb bstumkc sb hubltn hcl mcs væns prklhkpnebs1 en prkfbrn væn en pnlnfbrkhnln pnlnfbrkhn ln sur Ekfn - Lnzhn - H`ne`unlhn -Njnlhny -Njnlhny (044 Af., nprcxkfnm nprcxkfnmnfbltb). nfbltb). Ctrn bs pcr en væn mb mb ecs Ekjbrtnmcrbs Ekjbrtnmcrbs Ekfn - @unlhnvbekhn @unlhnvbekhn - Nynhuh Nynhuh`c `c - H`klh` H`klh`brcs brcs - Nlmn Nlmn`unyens `unyens Njnlhny (>424 Af. nprcxkfnmnfbltb nprcxkfnmnfbltb),), mbsmb mclmb sb eebin `nhkn en væn prklhkpn prklhkpnee en Nvblkmn Tnlnfbrkhnln bl en hkumnm mb Njnlhny. Nskfksfc hubltnl hcl fbmkcs mb hcfulkhnhkøl fnskvn hcfc scl tbebgclæn pÿjekhn y prkvnmn, mkvbrscs pbrkømkhcs nsæ hcfc bfkscrns rnmknebs qub sb trnlsfktbl n lkvbe echne y lnhkclne. Gki. L´4:? En Zbm vkne mbe Mbpnrtnfbltc mb Npuræfnh, bs mb 7,=0:.0= Af, mb ecs hunebs 29>.;4 Af pbrtblbhbl n en Zbm vkne Lnhkclne, 2==.=2 Af n en Zbm vkne Mbpnrtnfbltne, 2,840.;; Af n en rbm vkne Wbhklne y >:4 af mb hnrrbtbrns.

Gubltb? TMH-M Njnlhny ‘ :449 En hkumnm mb Njnlhny bstn gnvcrbhkmcs pcr en hbrhnlæn mb en Hnrrbtbrn Tnlnfbrkhnln Ekfn ‘ Hushc y en hnrrbtbrn kltbrchbîl kltbrchbîlkhn khn Tbrÿ ‘ Jrnske. @nhkn Njnlhny sb nhhbmb mbsmb en hkumnm mb Ekfn, pcr en Tnlnfbrkhnln Xur, `nstn en hkumnm mb Lnzhn, euinr mclmb lnhb en hnrrbtbrn Lnzhn ‘ Hushc, be tkbfpc mb vknob bs mb   >7 `crns mbsmb Ekfn, hcltnlmc pnrn beec hcl irnl vnrkbmnm mb bfprbsns hcl snekmn mkrbhtn mb ekfn Njnlhny- Huzhc hcl snekmns bl mkvbrscs `crnrkcs. Bspbhægkhnfbltb pnrn eebinr n en zcln mb kltbrvblhkøl mbe prcybhtc mb fbocrnfkbltc y nfpeknhkøl mb rbmbs mb niun pctnjeb y nehnltnrkeenmc sb nhhbmb pcr hnrrbtbrn pnlnfbrkhnln HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX hbltrc pcjenmc Keenlyn bltrnlmc n en hkumnm y vkhbvbrsn pcr en hnrrbtbrn nltkiun `nhkn Ekfn, en hune bstî bl jubl bstnmc pnrn be trîlsktc mb vb`æhuecs mb pnsnobrcs y hnrin. :.2. BP]BLX ØL, NE] ]RM [ ECHNE _NH ØL. En Trcvklhkn Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhn Njnlhnyy bs ulc mb ens skbtb prcvklhk prcvklhkns ns mbe mbpnrtnfbl mbpnrtnfbltc tc mb Npuræfnh Npuræfnh,, (Trcvklhkn Irnu, Trcvklhkn mb H`klh`brcs, H`klh`brcs, Trcvklhkn mb Hctnjnfjns Hctnjnfjns,, Trcvklhkn mb Nltnjnfjn Nltnjnfjn,, Trcvklhkn Nyfnrnbs su hnpktne H`ne`unlhn, Trcvklhkn mb Nlmn`unyens), y en Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny, ujkhnmn bl be mbpnrtnfbltc mb Npuræfnh, su bxtblskøl bs mb 2:>.7: Af:, skblmc hnpktne mbe mbpnrtnfbltc. Gki. L´48? Kfnibl L´48? Kfnibl Xntbektne mbe Îrbn mb Bstumkc.

Gubltb? Iccieb Bnrt`. :.7. EÆF ]B ]BX. X. En Hkumnm Njnlhny bstî ujkhnmc bl be Mbpnrtnfbltc mb Npuræfnh, sus eæfktbs scl pcr be? 

Tcr be Lcrtb hcl @unlkpnhn y Xnl Tbmrc mb Hnh`crn.

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Tcr be Xur hcl Enfjrnfn y Tkh`kr`un.

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Tcr be Bstb hcl Hurn`unsk.

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Tcr be Cbstb hcl Nlmn`unyens. Gki. L´4=? Rjkhnhkøl L´4=? Rjkhnhkøl mbe Mkstrktc mbe Trcybhtc.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX

En Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny qub bstî Gkiurn L´ 4= Eæfktbs mb en HKRMNM mb Njnlhny :.9.

@NJ E ]NH CLBX JBLBG H NZ NX Mb nhubrmc be njnstbhkfkbltc mb niun pctnjeb en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ X.N.H, X.N.H , hclskmbrn ecs hrktbrkcs mb sbhtcrkznhkøl, bl be îfjktc mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, njnrhn mkbz sbhtcrbs mb njnstbhkfkbltc Xbhtcr >, Xbhtcr :, Xbhtcr 8, Xbhtcr =, Xbhtcr 2 , Xbhtcr 7. Xbhtcr9, Xbhtcr 0, Xbhtcr ; y Xbhtcr >4. Tcr ec qub be prc prcybh ybhtc tc mb "F "Fboc bocrnf rnfkb kbltc ltc y Nf Nfpek peknh nhkøl køl mbe Xbrvkh Xbrvkhkc kc mb Niun Niun Tct Tctnj njeb, eb, Nehnltnrkeenmc Nehnltnrkeen mc Xnlktnrkc mbe Xbhtcr mb ]njenmn Netn-Keenlyn mb en Hkumnm mb Njnlhny ‘Trcvklhkn Njnlhny‘Zbikøl Njnlhny‘Zbi køl Npuræfnh" sb blh blhubltrn ubltrn bl be sbhtcr sbhtcr ; mb Njnstbhkfkb Njnstbhkfkbltc ltc mb niun pctnjeb mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny. Hnjb fblhkcln fblhkclnr qub be sbhtcr ; mb njnstbhkfkbltc mb niun pctnjeb, hubltnl hcl ul îrbn mb bxpnlskøl urjnln qub `n skmc hclskmbrnmn mbltrc mbe hrbhkfkbltc pcjenhkclne1 nsæ fksfc, bxkstbl pnrhbens mb tbrrblc mb huetkvc, qub sk jkbl sb blhubltrn mbltrc mb en zcln mb bstumkc, bstîs lc bstîl hclskmbrnmns hcfc jblbgkhknrkns mkrbhtns.   N hcltklunhkøl sb prbsbltn ul hunmrc rbsufbl mclmb sb mbtneen be lÿfbrc mb ectbs hcrrbspclmkbltbs bl be sbhtcr fblhkclnmc.

Hunmrc. L´4>? Mbsnirbinmc L´4>? Mbsnirbinmc mb hclbxkclbs bxkstbltbs, hclbxkclbs lubvns mb niun pctnjeb bl be Xbhtcr ]njenmn Netn Keenlyn. W W BLMNX TCZ HCLM H CL MB RXC [ ] TC HCLBP ØL MB  ]BF EC]BX ]C]NEBX NIRN

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX W W BLMNX BP X]BL]BX HCL HCLBP ØL MB NIRN [ X L HCLBP ØLBX HCLBP CLBX HCLBP CLBX XBH]CZ ]NJEN EENL[N BP X]BL]BX LRBWNX > Rrjnlkznhkøl Hcstn Wbrmbs :; >: : Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne :; 4 8 Nschknhkøl Zbskmblhkne Gcrtnebzn 4 >: = Nschknhkøl ens Ecfns =8 4 2 Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn := : 7 Nv. Keenlyn >8 80 9 Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr Keenlyn 4 > 0 KLTB > 4 ; F]H 4 > >4 Tcstn mb Xneum ]njenmn Netn > 4 >> Hcebikc NFNR]N 4 >   ]C]NEBX >80 70   Gubltb? Benjcrnhkøl mb hnfpc. Gubltb? Benjcrnhkøl

80 :; >: =8 :7 22 > > > > > :40

Hunmrc. L´4:? Mbsnirbinmc L´4:? Mbsnirbinmc mb hclbxkclbs bxkstbltbs, hclbxkclbs lubvns mb Mbsniõb sbhtcr  ]njenmn Netn Keenlyn. W W BLMNX TCZ HCLM H CL MB RXC [ ] TC HCLBP ØL MBXNIRB W W BLMNX HCL HCLBP HCLBP C, W W BLMNX X L HCL HCLBP BP ØL [ EC]BX  ]BF WNH CX HCLBP ØLBX HCLBP CLBX XBH]CZ EENL[N BP X]BL]B LRBWNX > Rrjnlkznhkøl Hcstn Wbrmbs 4 =: : Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne >> :4 8 Nschknhkøl Zbskmblhkne Gcrtnebzn 4 >: =2 7 9 0 ; >4 >>

NNsscchhkknnhhkkøøll eNnlsnEfcpfnns 844 Nv. KKenlyn Nv >: Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr Keenlyn 4 KLTB 4 F]H 4 Tcstn mb Xneum ]njenmn Netn 4 Hcebikc NFNR]N 4 ]C]NEBX 28   Gubltb? Benjcrnhkøl mb hnfpc.

>:80 == > > > > > >7=

EC]BX ]C]NEBX =: 8> >: =:80 27 > > > > > :>9

:.0. :.0. W W BLMN BLMN??

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Mb nhubrmc ne trnjnoc mb hnfpc rbnekznmc sb tkblb qub be îrbn mb klgeublhkn mbe prcybhtc bs uln zcln hclscekmnmn, hclgcrfnmn bl irnl pnrtb pcr vkvkblmns mb fntbrkne lcjeb1 skl bfjnric bxkstbl `njkektnhkclbs mclmb nÿl pbrskstbl hclmkhkclbs prbhnrkns mb vkvblhkn, skblmc bstns mb hclhrbtc nrfnmc y mb nmcjb. Nskfksfc mbjbfcs klmkhnr qub bxkstb ul jubl lÿfbrc mb vkvkblmns qub scl utkekznmns ÿlkhnfbltb hcfc mcfëstkhns, fkbltrns qub ctrns bl ul pcrhbltnob fblcr en bfpebnl pnrn hcfbrhkc y ctrns nhtkvkmnmbs. Bl be hkumnm Njnlhny, bxkstbl >,;:4 vkvkblmns pnrtkhuenrbs hblsnmns1 mb ecs hunebs, >,990 tkblbl chupnltb prbsbltbs y bqukvnebl ne 0>.44%. Tcr tkpc mb vkvkblmn, mb ens >,;:4 vkvkblmns hblsnmns, >,98; scl hnsns klmbpblmkbltbs. Bl rbenhkøl n en utkekznhkøl mb ecs fntbrknebs mb hclstruhhkøl bl ecs pnrnfbltcs, mb ens >,;:4 vkvkblmns bxkstbltbs, be ;9.94% hcl >,=:9 vkvkblmns, bstîl hclstrukmns hcl pnrbmbs mb nmcjb y npblns be 4.7%, hcl pnrbmbs mb enmrkeec c jecqubtns mb hbfbltc. Kiunefbltb, rbspbhtc n en prbmcfklnlhkn mb ecs fntbrknebs utkekznmcs bl ecs pkscs mb ens vkvkblmns, be ;0.44% scl mb pksc mb tkbrrn1 be >.94% mb ens vkvkblmns tkblbl pksc mb hbfbltc. :.;. NXTBH]CX NXTBH]CX MBFCIZÎG MBFCIZÎG H HCX CX [ XCH NEB NEBX? X? :.;. :.;.>. >. TC TCJE JENH NH ØL ]C ]C]N ]NE? E? En Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny, sbiÿl be hblsc mb :449 bgbhtunmc pcr be KLBK, `n rbikstrnmc bl pcjenhkøl ul tctne mb ;7,47= `njktnltbs `njktnltbs bltrb vnrclbs y fuobrbs mb en zcln urjnln y rurne. Hunmrc. L´48? Tcjenhkøl mb en Hkumnm mb Njnlhny. Tcjenhkøl Hblsnmn :449 H RMNM Rrjnln Zurne ]ctne Mbpnrtnfbltc Np Npuræfnh >02,79> :>0,2>; =4=,>;4 Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny 74,0>4 82,:2= ;7,47= Gubltb? KLBK Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn ‘ :449. :.;.:. :.; .:. TCJ TCJENH ENH Ø ØL L BHC BHCLØF LØF HNFBL] HNFBL]BB NH] WN ‘ T.B T.B.N. .N.?? Tcjenhkøl Bhcløfkhnfbltb Nhtkvn mb 7 y fîs mb bmnm, pcr irnlmbs irupcs mb bmnm. Hunmrc. L´4=? Tcjenhkøl L´4=? Tcjenhkøl pcr bmnmbs y henskgkhnhkøl bl TBN . HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>4

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Lÿfbrc mb Tbrsclns T.B.N. ]C]NE T.B.N. Chupnmn T.B.N. Mbschupnmn

]ctne

7 n >= Nþcs

>2 n :; Nþcs

>,292 >,2:> 2=

89 89 ---

=89 =>: :2

84 n == =2 n 7= 72 n Fns Nþcs Nþcs Nþcs =;9 =99 :4

=22 ==7 ;

>=; >=; ---

Gubltb? KLBK Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn ‘ :449 / Hkumnm mb Njnlhny ‘ Îrbn ]ctne. :.;. :.;.8. 8. ]N ]NXN XN MB MB HZBH HZBH F BBL] L]C C TCJ TCJEN ENH H CLNE CLNE?? Xbiÿl be hblsc mbe KLBK mb >;;8, en pcjenhkøl gub mb =,;79 `njktnltbs, y hcl rbenhkøl n beec sb rbpcrtn ul nufbltc mb en pcjenhkøl, qub rbprbsbltn be >.2>%. Nulqub `nstn be nþc ;9 sb prcmuoc ul fcvkfkbltc fkirntcrkc n lkvbe prcvklhkne pcr hnusn mb en vkceblhkn. Bl ecs ÿetkfcs hklhc nþcs, en Hkumnm Njnlhny vkblb bxpbrkfbltnlmc ul klhrbfbltc pcjenhkclne hclskmbrnjeb, mbjkmc bltrb ctrns rnzclbs n en kfpebfbltnhkøl mb sbrvkhkcs jîskhcs, fbocrnlmc en klgrnbstruhturn mb hcfulkhnhkøl (Zbm vkne) y ne gcrtnebhkfkbltc b kfpebfbltnhkøl mb ecs sbrvkhkcs mb sneum. Be hrbhkfkbltc pcjenhkclne mbe hkumnm mb Njnlhny zcln urjnln bltrb >;;8 y :449, sbiÿl ecs mntcs hblsnebs mbe KLBK, rbikstrn uln tnsn mb 4.>9%. Be hrbhkfkbltc pcjenhkclne mb en Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny bltrb >;;8 y :449, sbiÿl ecs mntcs hblsnebs mbe KLBK, rbikstrn uln tnsn mb 4.49%. :.;.=. :.; .=. M X] X]Z Z JRH JRH ØL [ MBLX MBLX MNM TCJ TCJENH ENH CLN CLNE? E? En Hkumnm mb Njnlhny, tkblb uln pcjenhkøl tctne mb ;7,47= @njktnltbs (sbiÿl be Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn Wkvkblmn KLBK nþc :449), hcl uln supbrgk supbrgkhkb hkb mb 2:>. 2:>.7: 7: Afº, y uln mblskmnm mb ;.94 `nj/af:. Hunmrc L´42? Mkstrkjuhkøl y Mblskmnm Tcjenhkclne. Tcjenhkclne. Wnrknhkøl mb en Mblskmnm Tcjenhkclne Nþc Tcjenhkøl Bxtblskøl Af: Mblskmnm : :449 ;7,47= `nj 2:>.7: Af ;.94 `nj/Af: Gubltb? KLBK / Bstkfnhkøl Bqukpc Gnhkektnmcr. En mblskmnm pcjenhkclne mbe Hkumnm mb Njnlhny sb bstkfn bl ;.94 `nj/Af:, ec qub hclgkrfn uln fcmbrnmn chupnhkøl mbe tbrrktcrkc, hclstktuyëlmcsb bl uln zcln pcjenmn HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>>

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX hnrbltb mb uln bstruhturn bspnhkne qub eb pbrfktn uln kltbirnhkøl rurne ‘ urjnln y ul nmbhunmc gulhkclnfkbltc mb en bhclcfæn bl tcmc be tbrrktcrkc, ec qub kfpekhn en bxkstblh bxks tblhkn kn mb lkv lkvbebs bebs schk schkcbhc cbhcløfk løfkhcs hcs mksp mkspnrbs, nrbs, hnrn hnrnhtbr htbrkzn kznmcs mcs pcr en mbgk mbgkhkbl hkbltb tb hnekmnm mb vkmn mb en pcjenhkøl. En hkumnm mb Njnlhny, bstî hclgcrfnmc pcr lufbrcscs hbltrcs pcjenmcs y bxtblsns îrbns rurnebs, en pcjenhkøl sb blhubltrn mkstrkjukmn mb en skiukbltb fnlbrn? :.;. :.;.2. 2. X ]]RN RNH H ØL ØL XXCH CH CB CBHC HCLØ LØF FH HN? N? En hkumnm mb Njnlhny tkblb uln pcjenhkøl tctne mb ;7,47= `njktnltbs (sbiÿl be Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn KLBK nþc :449), hcl uln supbrgkhkb mb 2:>.7: Afº. y hcl uln mblskmnm mb ;.94 `nj/af:. Bstî ujkhnmc n ul netktum fbmkn mb 8,>>: f.s.l.f. Hcfpnrnlmc ens pcjenhkclbs mbe nþc >,;;8 y :,449, (=,;79 y 2,4=8 `njktnltbs rbspbhtkvnfbltb) sb cjsbrvn qub en tnsn mb hrbhkfkbltc pcjenhkclne bs pcsktkvc pbrc fuy ælgkfc, en hnusn prklhkpne mb bstb gbløfblc bs en gubrtb fkirnhkøl mb ecs pcjenmcrbs mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, prklhkpnefbltb n ens hkumnmbs mb en hcstn mbe pnæs, nsæ hcfc n en hnpktne mb en rbikøl Npuræfnh, `uyblmc mb en vkceblhkn pceætkhn qub nzctø gubrtbfbltb bstn rbikøl, nsæ hcfc n en gnetn mb cpcrtulkmnmbs mb mbsnrrceec enjcrne scjrb tcmc pnrn en pcjenhkøl Ocvbl. Tcjenhkøl køl Bhcløfkhnfblt Bhcløfkhnfbltbb Nhtkvn Nhtkvn ‘ TBN , nshkblmb >,292 Bl be hkumnm Njnlhny, en Tcjenh

pbrsclns nptns pnrn klvbrtkr su gubrzn mb trnjnoc y iblbrnr klirbscs y bstn hnltkmnm skilkgkhn be 8>.:8% mb en pcjenhkøl tctne mbe hkumnm. Mb bstn hnltkmnm, >,2:> pbrsclns qub bqukvnebl ne 84.>7% mb en pcjenhkøl tctne scl en TBN mkstrktne, bstîl peblnfbltb chupnmns1 y, 2= pbrsclns qub rbprbsbltnl ne 8.=8% mb en pcjenhkøl mkstrktne y be >.49% mb en TBN tctne, bstîl mbschupnmcs c suj-chupnmcs. Hunmrc L´47?.Tcjenh L´47?.Tcjenhkøl Bhcløfkhnfbltb Nhtkvn. HKGZNX XK]RNHKØL % NJXCER]NX TBN chupnmn >,2:> 84.>7 @cfjrbs >,>2; 98.2; Fuobrbs 87: ::.;0 TBN mbschupnmn 2= 8.=8 TBN ]C]NE >,292 >44 Gubltb? KLBK Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn ‘ :449. HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>:

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX En TBN chupnmn mbe hkumnm? be 88.;% hcl 28= trnjnonmcrbs, tkblbl hcfc chupnhkøl prklhkpne en nirkhueturn1 eubic be =2.9>% hcl 9:4 trnjnonmcrbs scl cjrbrcs y/c pbclbs mb en hclstruhhkøl1 sbiukmnfbltb, be :.9;% hcl == trnjnonmcrbs scl prcgbscrbs mbe fnikstbrkc. Hunmrc. L´49? Tcrhbltnob mb Chupnhkøl Enjcrne. HKGZNX % CHRTNHKØL TZKLHKTNE NJXCER]NX ]C]NE MB EN TBN CHRTNMN >,2:> 84.>7 Trcgbs., Hkbltægkhcs b Kltbebhtunebs Nirkhuet.]rnjno.Hnekg.Nircp.y Tbsqubrcs ]rnjno.lc Hnekg.Xbrv.,Tbøl,Wblm.,Nfj., y Ngklbs Ctrns Chupnhkclbs

== 28= 9:4 =8

:.9; 88.; =2.9> :.98

Gubltb? KLBK Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn ‘ :449.  :449.  

:.>4. :.> 4. TCJ TCJENH ENH ØL JJBLB BLBGG H NNZ Z N. Xbiÿl be bstumkc mb hnfpc be Xbhtcr Keenlyn, hubltn hcl sbks hbltrcs pcjenmcs c Nschknhkclbs, sbiÿl ens prcybhhkclbs prcybhhkclbs bgbhtunmns pnrn be nþc :4>9, sb bstkfn qub be 04% mb en pcjenhkøl bs urjnln, bl hclsbhublhkn be rbstnltb :4% sb mkstrkjuyb hcfc Nschknhkøl mb fbrhnmcs Fnycrkstns Fnycrkst ns y ctrns nschknhkøl bstîl rbhkbltbfb rbhkbltbfbltb ltb hclscekmnh hclscekmnhkøl, køl, tne hcfc sb nprbhkn bl be hunmrc skiukbltb? Hunmrc. L´40? Lÿfbrc mb Tcjenhkøl bl be sbhtcr mb ]njenmn Netn - eenlyn. XBH]CZ ]NJENMN NE]N ]BF L¿ TCJENH CL %  EENL[N >

Rrjnlkznhkøl Hcstn Wbrmbs

>9>

>8.79

NNsscchhkknnhhkkøøll XZnblskmHbrklshtøknje nGe crtnebzn Nschknhkøl ens Ecfns Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn Nv. Keenlyn Nschknhkøl mb Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn 9 Xbþcr Keenlyn ]C]NE Gubltb? Benjcrnhkøl prcpkn.

>74=9 7: >:7 >0>

02..2>2: =.;7 >4.49 >=.=9

2=4

=8.>7

>:2>

>44

:8 = 2 7

  :.>>. :.> >. HE F FN? N?

:.>>.> :.> >.>.. ]bf ]bfpbr pbrntu nturn. rn.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>8

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX En hkumnm mb Njnlhny tkblb ul hekfn bl iblbrne tbfpenmc, hnekbltb bl ens pnrtbs jnons y mb tbfpenmc n græc bl ens pnrtbs netns1 hekfn hnrnhtbræstkhc mb en zcln mb skbrrn mbe pnæs y hcl hnfjkcs jkbl fnrhnmcs bl ens bstnhkclbs mb klvkbrlc y vbrnlc, en tbfpbrnturn prcfbmkc nlune cshken bltrb >0¿h y >,8¿h. En prbhkpktnhkøl nlune vnræn mb 7=>ff/nþc n > >>;ff/nþc. Hnjb fblhkclnr qub en zcln mb bstumkc subeb sbr gubrtbfbltb ngbhtnmn pcr kltblsns eeuvkns. Be nlîeksks mb ens hclmkhkclbs hekfîtkhns sb `kzc scjrb en jnsb mb en klgcrfnhkøl prcvblkbltbb mb ens bstnhkclbs fbtbcrceøikhns prcvblkblt fbtbcrceøikhns echnekznmns bl be bltcrlc mb en Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny y ens fîs prøxkfns ne tbrrktcrkc, mbtbrfklnlmc nsæ su hcfpcrtnfkbltc tërfkhc qub sb vb klgeublhknmc pcr en netktum y su rbekbvb, pcr ec qub en cshkenhkøl mb ens tbfpbrnturns bltrb be mæn y en lch`b bs hclskmbrnjeb, en tbfpbrnturn fælkfn nlune mb bs mb >.87´H, bl be fbs mb ouekc, en fbmkn nlune bs mb >4.27´H y ens fîxkfns sb rbikstrnl bl ecs fbsbs mb lcvkbfjrb y mkhkbfjrb hcl :4,=7´H. :.>> :.>>.> .>.. @u @ufb fbmn mnm. m. En `ufbmnm bs vnrknjeb, sbiÿl ens bstnhkclbs mbe nþc, prbsbltîlmcsb fnycr `ufbmnm bltrb ecs fbsbs mb mkhkbfjrb n fnrzc, ëpchns mb ens eeuvkns hcl ul prcfbmkc mb 94% y bltrb ecs fbsbs mb oulkc n sbptkbfjrb jnon `nstn ul 24% mb `ufbmnm. :.>>.: :.> >.:.. Trb Trbhk hkpkt pktnh nhkcl kclbs. bs. En Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny rbhkjb uln nprbhknjeb hnltkmnm mb prbhkpktnhkøl peuvkne n ec enric mbe nþc hcl uln mkstrkjuhkøl vnrknjeb bl tkbfpc y bspnhkc, en fbmkn nlune bl be hkumnm sb bstkfn bl 788.;8 ff hcl uln fælkfn mb 4.44 ff bl ecs fbsbs mb fnyc,  oulkc y ouekc1 ouekc1 hcl uln fîxkfn mmbb :79.07 ff bl be fbs mb mb gbjrbrc y fnrzc. :.>:.. ]CTCIZ :.>: ]CTCIZNGÆN NGÆN?? En hkumnm mb Njnlhny Njnlhny sb blhubltrn n : 8890 90 fslf. Trbsbltn Trbsbltn uln tcpcirngæ tcpcirngænn mb pblmkbltb ulkmkrbhhkclne mb nprcxkfnmnfbltb mb :2%, lc fuy nhhkmbltnmn. Ens hctns bltrb ens hunebs sb blhubltrn en hkumnm, scl :, 2>2. [ :, ::4 fslf. Be mbsnrr mbsnrrcee ceecc ibcfcr ibcfcrgce gceøi øikhc khc mbe îrbn, îrbn, bs be rbs rbsuet uetnmc nmc mb bvceu bvceuhkc hkclbs lbs tbh tbhtøl tølkhn khnss scj scjrb rb kfpubstcs pcr prchbscs ibcmklîfkhns qub `nl mnmc be rbekbvb nhtune mb en zcln. Bltrb ecs HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>=

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX prchbscs tbhtølkhcs qub `nl hcltrcenmc be rbekbvb tblbfcs n ecs mkvbrscs pebinfkbltcs qub bxkstbl. :.>8.. BLBZI N BE :.>8 BEBH]Z BH]Z HN HN.. En zcln mb bstumkc hubltn hcl neufjrnmc pÿjekhc bl en fnycræn mb ens nvblkmns, hneebs y pnsnobs, y hcl rbspbhtc ne sbrvkhkc mcfkhkek mcfkhkeknrkc, nrkc, tblbfcs qub ens vkvkblmns hnsk bl su tctnekmnm hubltnl hcl sbrvkhkcs mb blbriæn, blbriæn, n hnric mb en bfprbsn BEBH]ZC XRZ BX]B X.N.N. En hkumnm mb Njnlhny hubltn hcl be sbrvkhkc mb blbriæn beëhtrkhn murnltb ens := `crns mb mæn. En bfprbsn qub prbstn be sbrvkhkc bs BEBH]ZC XBZ BX]B X.N. Be hcstc fblsune pcr vkvkblmn bs mb nhubrmc ne hclsufc pcr fbmkmcr mb hnmn gnfkekn y geuhtÿn bltrb ecs X/. 0.44 n X/. :2.44 fblsune, nmbfîs hnjb fblhkclnr qub en hkumnm mb Njnlhny hubltn hcl neufjrnmc pÿjekhc, `nhb 84 nþcs ntrîs. Be skstbfn mb njnstbhkfkbltc mb blbriæn beëhtrkhn sb rbnekznmn fbmknltb pcstbs mb hclhrbtc y hnjebnmc nërbc. En klstnenhkøl mb pcstbs mb hclhrbtc pnrn rbbfpenznr ecs pcstbs mb fnmbrn bstî skblmc rbnekznmn hcl prcirnfns mb bebhtrkgkhnhkøl urjnln mbe icjkbrlc. Tcr fuh`cs nþcs, be sufklkstrc mb blbriæn beëhtrkhn sb mkc n trnvës mb en hbltrne `kmrcbeëhtrkhn mb Fntnrn, `cy bstn gubltb mb blbriæn sb vkblb hclvkrtkblmc bl uln gubltb sbhulmnrkn mbjkmc n qub ecs pubjecs mb en Trcvklhkn mb Njnlhny sb vkblbl kltbrhclbhtnlmc n en hbltrne `kmrcbeëhtrkhn mb Fnh`upkhh`u. :.>8.>. :.>8 .>. ]beb ]bebhcfu hcfulkhn lkhnhkcl hkclbs? bs? Bl en hkumnm mb Njnlhny bxkstbl vnrkcs hbltrcs hcfulktnrkcs hcfc tbebgølkhn mbe Tbrÿ, sbrvkhkcs tbebgølkhcs føvkebs hcfc henrc, fcvkstnr y jktbe hcl nmfklkstrnhkøl prkvnmn mb en pcjenhkøl. :.>=. :.> =. XNE XNERM. RM. :.>=.>. :.>= .>. Xbrv Xbrvkhkc khkcss mb sneum. sneum. Ens hclmkhkclbs mb vkmn mb ecs pcjenmcrbs mb en hkumnm Njnlhny, tnltc mbe kltbrlc hc hcfc fc mb mbee bl bltc tcrl rlc, c, sc scll mb mbsg sgnv nvcr crnj njeb ebss pnr nrnn en sn sneu eum1 m1 y bstî bstîll chns chnskc kcln lnmn mnss prklhkpnefbltb, pcr? >) uln nekfbltnhkøl rbhnrinmn mb hnrjc`kmrntcs y hnrbltb mb vktnfklns, prctbælns y fklbrnebs1 :) hnrblhkn mb hclsufc mb niun pctnjeb, klbxkstblhkn mb skstbf skstbfns ns beb bebfb fbltn ltnebs ebs mb mbsniõ mbsniõb, b, hrbnl hrbnlmc mc hclmkh hclmkhkcl kclbs bs nlt nltk`k k`kikë ikëlkh lkhns ns mb HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>2

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX su supb pbrv rvkv kvbl blhk hkn1 n1 8) pc pchc hc nhhb nhhbsc sc n ec ecss sbrv sbrvkh khkc kcss mb sneu sneumm pc pcrr gnet gnetnn mb rb rbhu hurs rscs cs bhcløfkhcs , =) `îjktcs hueturnebs mb sujskstblhkn fnriklne. Ctrc gnhtcr mb rkbsic rbhurrbltb. Be Bstnmc, en Mkrbhhkøl Zbikclne mb Xneum mb Npuræfnh MKZBXN mbe Icjkbrlc Zbikclne mb Npuræfnh, hujrb ecs sbrvkhkcs mb sneum en hkumnm mb Njnlhny, n trnvës mb en ZBM mb sneum, huyn sbmb bs en hkumnm mb Njnlhny1 ëstn n su vbz, pnrn hufpekr sus cjobtkvcs klstktuhkclnebs, klstktuhk clnebs, tkblb klstktukmn y gulhkclnlmc en FKHZCZBM mb Njnlhny, mbsmb mclmb krrnmkn sus sbrvkhkcs n en pcjenhkøl. Tnrn beec, hubltn hcl bstnjebhkfkbltcs mb sneum ujkhnmcs bl ]njenmn Netn mb îrbn mb klgeublhkn. y sb blhubltrn ul bstnjebhkfkbltc mb sneum lubvn bl Nschknhkøl Nschknhkøl Hcstn Wbrmb hcl bqukpnfkbltc bqukpnfkbltc klhcfpebtc, klhcfpebtc, hnrbltbs mb en eciæstkhn, fcjkeknrkc, klstrufbltcs, fbmkhnfbltcs y pbrsclne prcgbskclne. Hunmrc. L´4;? Ntblhkøl mbe Xbrvkhkc mb Xneum. Ntblhkclbs y Ntblmkmcs pcr Xbrvkhkcs mb Xneum TZCFBMKC MB L¿ MBXHZKTHKØL MBE XBZWKHKC N]BLHKØL NE NÞC > BLGBZFBZKN 0;= : FBMKHKLN IBLBZNE 970 8 CJX]B]ZKHKN 27= = CMCL]CECIKN IBLBZNE ;74 2 TXKHCECIKN 04= Gubltb? MKZBXN - :4>=  :.>=.:. Bstn :.>=.:. Bstnjebh jebhkfkb kfkbltcs ltcs mb Xneum. Xneum. Ecs bstnjebhkfkbltcs mb sneum mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny sb blhubltrnl hkrhulshrktcs mbltrc mb en FKHZCZBM NJNLHN[, be hune tkblb hcfc cgkhkln mb nmfklkstrnhkøl be Hbltrc mb Xneum mb Njnlhny, bs nsæ qub pcmbfcs fnlkgbstnr qub sb hubltnl hcl 42 bstnjebhkfkbltcs mb sneum y bl iblbrne sb blhubltrnl bl peblc bqukpnfkbltc mb ecs sbrvkhkcs? Hunmrc. L´>4? Tbrsclne mbe Hbltrc mb Xneum. Bstnjebhkfkbltcs mb Xneum y Tbrsclne Bstnjebhkfkbltc Tbrsclne Hnltkmnm Fbmkhc (n) > Blgbrfbrc (n) : T.X. ]njenmn Netn ]ëhlkhc Blgbrfbræn (n) : Cjstbtrns (n) > :.>2.. BMRHN :.>2 BMRHNH H ØL

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>7

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Zbspbhtc Zbsp bhtc n en bmuh bmuhnhkø nhkøll bl be îrbn mb klgeublh klgeublhkn kn mbe prcybhtc prcybhtc sb hub hubltn ltn uln klst klstktuh ktuhkøl køl bmuhntkvn pnrtkhuenr qub jrklmnl sbrvkhkcs bl ecs mcs, lkvbe prkfnrkc y sbhulmnrkc. Tcr ec sb trnlspcrtnl irnl fnycræn mb bstumknltbs n ens klstktuhkclbs bmuhntkvns ujkhnmcs ne hbltrc mb en hkumnm. Nskfksfc bxkstb n lkvbe mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny trbs ulkvbrskmnmbs uln pnrtkhuenr y mcs bstntnebss hcfc bstntneb hcfc?? NENX TBZRNLNX TBZRNLNX,, RLNFJ RLNFJNN y en R]BN mc mclmb lmb sb kf kfpnrtb pnrtb bbmuhn muhnhkøl hkøl supbrkcr  Mb nhub nhubrm rmcc ne Hbls Hblscc Ln Lnhk hkcl clne ne :4 :449 49,, en rb rbik ikøl øl mb Npur Npuræf æfnh nh prbs prbsbl bltø tø ul ulnn tnsn tnsn mb nlnegnjbtksfc mb :>,9%, supbrkcr ne prcfbmkc rbikstrnmc n lkvbe lnhkclne (9,>4%). Ens prcvklhkns qub prbsbltnrcl ens fnycrbs tnsns mb nlnegnjbtksfc gubrcl Hctnjnfjns (88,:4%) y Irnu (:=,94%). Ens tnsns mb nlnegnjbtksfc fîs jnons sb nprbhknl bl ens prcvklhkns mb Njnlhny (>8,24%) y Nltnjnfjn (:>,24%), klgbrkcrbs ne prcfbmkc rbikclne. Hunmrc. L´>>? ]nsn mb Nlnegnjbtksfc, pcr Trcvklhkn. Trcvklhkn

]nsn mb Nlnegnjbtksfc (%)

Njnlhny >8,24 Nlmn`unyens ::,24 Nltnjnfjn :>,24 Nyfnrnbs :8,>4 Hctnjnfjns 88,:4 H`klh`brcs :8,;4 Irnu :=,94 Npuræfnh :>,94 Gubltb? KLBK Hblsc mb Tcjenhkøl y Wkvkblmn ‘ :449. Tnrn be nþc :44; bl en rbikøl, en pcjenhkøl mb neuflnmc sb hclhbltrø bl ecs hbltrcs bmuhntkvcs pÿjekhcs bl tcmcs ecs lkvbebs mb bmuhnhkøl. Tcr îfjktc ibcirîgkhc, sb cjsbrvn qub be skstbfn bmuhntkvc bstî fîs hclhbltrnmc bl en zcln urjnln (74,4%) pnrn tcmcs ecs lkvbebs mb bmuhnhkøl n bxhbphkøl mbe lkvbe jîskhc klkhkne, mclmb be 28,;% mb ecs fntrkhuenmcs hcrrbspclmbl ne îrbn rurne. Tcr sbxc, sb tkblb qub n lkvbe bmuhnhkclne jîskhc scl ecs `cfjrbs qukblbs tkblbl fnycr pnrtkhkpnhkøl, fkbltrns qub n lkvbe supbrkcr tëhlkhn scl ens fuobrbs qukblbs pnrtkhkpnl bl fnycr prcpcrhkøl.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>9

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Hunmrc. L´>:? ZBIKØL NTRZÆFNH? FN]ZKHRENX MBE XKX]BFN BMRHN]KWC TCZ ]KTC MB IBX]KØL, ÎFJK]C IBCIZÎGKHC [ XBPC XBIßL, :44;

Lkvbe Bmuhntkvc

]ctne

]ctne

Njsceut

Zbentkv

Îfjktc

Ibstkøl

Tujekh

Trkvnm n 8.8 :.9 :.9 =.8 89.0 4.4 >7.; :9.> >0.7 :;.= =.7

c

c

Jîskhn Zbiuenr  lkhkne Trkfnrkn Xbhulmnrkn Jîskhn Netbrlntkvn >/ Jîskhn Bspbhkne ]ëhlkhc Trcmuhtkvn :/ Xupbrkcr Lc Rlkvbrsktn Rlkvbrsktnrkn rkn Tbmniøikhn

>24==: :=009 9>009 28770 8=48 :8= :=>8 :707 292

>44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4 >44.4

n ;7.9 ;9.8 ;9.8 ;2.9 7:.: >44.4 08.> 9:.; 0>.=

]bhlceøikhn ]ctne

:>>> >2;>90

>44.4 >44.4

94.7 ;2.=

Ibcirîgkhc

Rrjnln

Zurne

20.4 =7.> 24.2 98.2 >44.4 >44.4 ;7.0 0;.0 >44.4 09.4 74.4

Xbxc

@cfjr  Fuob

=:.4 28.; =;.2 :7.2 4.4 4.4 8.: >4.: 4.4

b 2>.9 24.9 24.; 28.8 20.; 2=.8 ==.0 ==.0 8;.4

r  =0.8 =;.8 =;.> 8.0 =>.> =2.9 22.: 22.: 7>.4

>8.4 =4.4

=7.= 2>.9

28.7 =0.8

>/ Klheuyb bmuhnhkøl mb nmuetcs. :/ Klheuyb bmuhnhkøl chupnhkclne. Gubltb? Bstnmæstkhns Jîskhns mbe Fklkstbrkc mb Bmuhnhkøl :44;, BXHNEB. n. Mbekf Mbekfktn ktnhkø hkøll mbe mbe Îrbn Îrbn mb mb Bstum Bstumkc? kc? Be îrbn mb bstumkc bstî rbgbrkmn n en zcln bl en hune sb kmbltkgkhø be prcjebfn y n ens klstktuhkclbs bmuhntkvns n ens qub ecs jblbgkhknrkcs pubmbl c pcmrænl tblbr nhhbsc. j. Rjkhn Rjkhnhk hkøl øl mb hbltrc hbltrc Bmu Bmuhnt hntkvc kvc Mbltrc mbe îrbn mb bstumkc bxkstb uln scen klstktuhkøl bmuhntkvn pnrtkhuenr ujkhnmns bl en Nschknhkøl Hcstn Wbrmb, y bl ecs mbfîs nschknhkclbs lc bxkstb sbrvkhkcs bmuhntkvcs n en pcjenhkøl, pcr ec sb fcvkekznl `nstn be hbltrc mb en hkumnm, hcfc sb pumc hclstntnr bl ecs hcfjks sb mbspenznl rbpebtc mb neuflcs pcr ens fnþnlns y mb rbtcrlc. h. Îrbn Îrbn mb mb kl klgegeub ublh lhkn kn Be îrbn mb klgeublhkn mbe prcybhtc bs be îrbn mclmb bstî en pcjenhkøl ngbhtnmn, mbltrc sbhtcr  ]njen Netn Keenlyn, n ens qub mkh`n pcjenhkøl pcmræn nhhbmbr skl fnycrbs mkgkhuetnmbs, ne sbrvkhkc mb fbocrnfkbltc y nfpeknhkøl mb rbmbs mb niun pctnjeb y nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc. HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>0

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX Bs mbhkr be îrbn mb klgeublhkn mbe prcybhtc scl ens 7 Nschknhkclbs Hcstn Wbrmb, Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne, Nschknhkøl Zbskmblhkne Gcrtnebzn, Nschknhkøl Ens Ecfns, Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn y Nschknhkøl Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb Keenlyn, mbe mkstrktc mb Njnlhny, prcvklhkn mb Njnlhny, rbikøl mb Npuræfnh. Guturn Hclstruhhkøl mb Klstktutc Lnhkclne Tblktblhknrkc pnrn hclhrbtkznr tne bmkgkhnhkøl qub fbocrnrî en kfnibl mb en hkumnm. Bl bstb Xbhtcr ]njenmn Netn sb hclhrbtkznrn en guturn hclstruhhkøl mb Klstktutc Lnhkclne Tblktblhknrkc, bmkgkhnhkøl qub fbocrnrî en kfnibl mb en hkumnm.

8. MBXH MBXHZ Z TH CL MBE X X]BFNX X]BFNX BP X]BL] X]BL]BX? BX? 8.;. MBXHZ TH C CL L MBE X X]B X]BFN FN BP X]BL]B X]BL]B MB NJ NJNX]BH NX]BH F BBL]C L]C MB NI NIRN RN TC]N TC]NJEB JEB Bl en nhtunekmnm en Tcjenhkøl mb sbhtcr tnjen Netn hubltn hcl uln rbm bxkstbltb mb tujbræn TWH RG mb ;4ff mb mkîfbtrc, mkîfbtrc, bl en vvæn æn prklhkpn prklhkpnee mb Nvblkmn Nvblkmn Keenlyn y bl neiul neiulns ns nrtbrkns mb en Nschknhkøl Nschknhk øl Hcstn Wbrmb, bl rbiuenr bstnmc1 nskfks nskfksfc fc mb bstns rbmbs bxkstbltbs sufklkst sufklkstrnl rnl be sbrvkhkc mb niun pctnjeb pctnjeb n vnrkcs fbtrcs hcl hcl tujbræns mb ¶ y > pueinmn mb mkîfbtrc mkîfbtrc y bl ctrcs hnscs sufklkstrnl sufklkstrnl fbmknltb Wnemës Wnemës pnrn njnstbhbrsb njnstbhbrsb mb ecs vbhkl vbhklcs cs qub tkblbl be sbrvkhkc mb niun pctnjeb, ens Nschknhkclbs qub sb blhubltrnl bl en pnrtb klgbrkcr y supbrkcr mb en væn prklhkpne mb Nv. Keenlyn lc hubltnl hcl be sbrvkhkc mb niun pctnjeb lk sbrvkhkc mb nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc y ctrcs hnscs sb blhubltrnl pnrhknefbltb klstnenmcs. En rbm bxkstbltb gub klstnenmn bl be nþc :449, hcl rbhurscs prcpkcs mb en BTX BFRXNT, pbrc hcl be trnlshursc mbe tkbfpc bl neiulcs trnfcs rbnekznrcl hcrtbs mb rnsnltb mb en væn pcr ec qub en tujbræn bxkstbltb bxkstbltb sb ujkhn n pchn prcgu prcgulmkm lmkmnm, nm, pnrn be bstu bstumkc mkc mb mkni mkniløst løstkhc khc rbmb rbmbss bxkstbltb huycs mntcs scl prcpcrhkclnmcs mb en cgkhkln mb hntnstrc tëhlkhc mb rbmbs mb niun pctnjeb mb en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ Ens rbmbs mb mkstrkjuhkøl mkstrkjuhkøl bstîl hclstktukmc hclstktukmc pcr tujbræ tujbræns ns mb TWH RG mb ;4ff, mb mkîfbtrc mkîfbtrc bl 724fe mb uln nltkiõbmnm mb y ctrcs hnscs bstîl rbmbs mb TWH > ¶‖, >‖ mb mkîfbtrc hcfc hclbxkclbs, Ens klstnenhkclbs prbsbltnl bxpubstns bl vnrkcs trnfcs, nsæ fksfc hruzn neiulns vkvkblmns ens hunebs mbjbrîl sbr rbujkhnmns hcl be lubvc prcybhtc, hnjb sbþnenr qub klkhknefbltb be mksbþc mb njnstbhkfkbltc brn hcl pkebtns y ecs fksfcs pcjenmcrbs scekhktnrcl nfpeknhkclbs mb rbmbs hcl tujbræn mb mkîfbtrc fblcrbs. Ens tujbræns nhtunefbltb bstîl HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

>;

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX cpbrntkvcs, pbrc pcr be lÿfbrc mb nvbræns yn hufpekbrcl su vkmn ÿtke, pcr ec tnltc sb qubmnrn gubrn mb sbrvkhkc. 

GRBL]BX MB NJNX]BH F BL]C MB NIRN TC]NJEB Be sbrvkhkc mb njnstbhkfkbltc mb niun pctnjeb sb njnstbhb mb ens rbmbs bxkstbltb mbe sbhtcr xxx mb nschknhkøl snl grnlhkshc y Fnlube shcrzn shcrzn   mb en gubltb prcvblkbltb mb Eniuln Zcltchhch`n, prbvkn mbsklgbhhkøl rbnekznmc bl be rbsbrvcrkc Trnmc mb >444F8, y mbe nefnhblnfkbltc mbe rbsbrvcrkc mb >824 f8 Mænz Jîrhblns.



ZBXBZWCZ C  C  Nhtu Nhtune nefb fblt ltbb be sk skst stbf bfnn mb sb sbrv rvkh khkc kc mb ni niun un pc pctn tnje jebb nj njns nstb tbhb hb mb mbee rb rbsb sbrv rvcr crkc kc mb nefnhblnfkbltc nefnhblnf kbltc mb >824f8 ujkhnmc bl en Nvblkmn Mænz Jîrhblns qub hubltn uln nltkiõbmn nltkiõbmnmm nprcxkfnmnfbltb >2 nþcs, huyn bstruhturn sb blhubltrn bl jubl bstnmc. Tcstbrkcrfbltb sb njnstbhbrî mbe lubvc rbsbrvcrkc mb Tntkjnfjn jnon mb lkvbe mb hctn :824 fslf. Rln vbz hclheukmc en bobhuhkøl pcr be hcltrntkstn Hclscrhkc Njnlhny, en hune njnstbhbrî mb fnlbrn sntksgnhtcrkn ens rbmbs prcybhtnmns mb sbhtcr tnjenmn netn.



E LBN MB M X]Z JRH ØL Ø L BP X]BL]B. Bl be îfjktc mb klgeublhkn mbe prcybhtc scec sb tkblb tujbræns bl ens skiukbltbs nschknhkclbs? -

Nschknhkøl mb Hcstn Wbrmb? Mbsmb Wbrmb?  Mbsmb be bfpnefb sb tkblb uln tujbræn mb ;4ff bl 972.97 fe qub gub klstnenmn bl be nþc :4>=. Mkh`n tujbræn sb blhubltrn bl jubl bstnmc y cpbrntkvn, pcr be hune lc bs lbhbsnrkc su rblcvnhkøl.

-

Nschknhkøl mb Ecfns? Mbsmb Nschknhkøl Ecfns? Mbsmb be bfpnefb sb tkblb uln tujbræn mb ;4ff bl >:8.== fe qub gub klstnenmn be nþc :4>8. Mkh`n tujbræn sb blhubltrn bl jubl bstnmc y cpbrntkvn, pcr be hune lc bs lbhbsnrkc su rblcvnhkøl.

-

Nschknhkøll Xnl Hrkstøjne? Mbsmb Nschknhkø Hrkstøjne? Mbsmb be bfpnefb sb tkblb uln tujbræn mb ;4ff bl 2=:.92 fe, qub gub klstnenmn bl be nþc :4>2. Mkh`n tujbræn sb blhubltrn bl jubl bstnmc y cpbrntkvn, pcr be hune lc bs lbhbsnrkc su rblcvnhkøl.

-

Nschknhkøl mb Nlnfpns? Mbsmb be bfpnefb sb tkblb uln tujbræn mb ;4ff bl :44.48 fe, qub gub klstnenmn bl be nþc :4>2. Mkh`n tujbræn sb blhubltrn bl jubl bstnmc y cpbrntkvn, pcr be hune lc bs lbhbsnrkc su rblcvnhkøl.

-

Nv.  eenlyn? Nv.  eenlyn? Mbsmb  Mbsmb be Bfpnefb sb tkblb uln tujbræn mb ;4ff bl 094.=8 fe, qub gub klstnenmn bl be nþc :440. Mkh`n tujbræn sb blhubltrn bl fne bstnmc, mclmb sb pumc

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

:4

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX nprbhknr guins mb niun hclstnltbs y fbmknltb en benjcrnhkøl mbe fcmbenfkbltc pcr  YntbrHNM mb ens rbmbs niun pctnjeb sb blhcltrø qub en mbfnlmn pnrn en pcjenhkøl, rbqubræn mb uln tujbræn mb fnycr mkîfbtrc, pcr be hune bs lbhbsnrkc su rblcvnhkøl. 

HNE MNM MBE XBZW H C Tcr be bstnmc mb en sktunhkøl mbe skstbfn mb niun pctnjeb, ecs pcjenmcrbs fnlkgkbstnl qub hubltn hcl niun mb jubln hnekmnm prcmuhtc n qub en gubltbs mb niun bs be skstbfn qub njnstbhb mb en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ XNH, y hcl rbspbhtc n en hcltklukmnm bs en :> `crns mbe mæn bs npnrb npnrbltbf ltbfbltb bltb be øp øptkfc tkfc pbrc pbrc pcr en hnekmnm hnekmnm mb niu niunn sufklkstr sufklkstrnmn nmn lc bs ul klmkhnmcr gnvcrnjeb. Be sbrvkhkc mb niun pctnjeb bs hcltkluc ens :> `crns mbe mæn, y sb fnltkblb hclstnltb pcr en ujkhnhkøl mb tcpcirîgkhn mb en zcln jnon mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny.



WÎEWRENX MB HCL]ZCE Ens vîevuens mb hcltrce mb en rbm mb mkstrkjuhkøl bxkstbl hcl uln bstruhturn mb prctbhhkøl nmbhunmn, qub inrnltkhb en cpbrnhkøl y fnltblkfkbltc mbe fksfc, pcr ec qub bs lbhbsnrkc pnrîfbtrcs mb mksbþc mbe skstbfn prcpubstc y en hclstruhhkøl b klstnenhkøl mb hnons mb vîevuens mb hcltrce.



HCLBP CLBX MCF H E NZ NX Bl ens Nschknhkclbs Hcstn Wbrmb, Xnl Hrkstøjne, Zbskmblhkne Gcrtnebzn, Nschknhkøl Ens Ecfns, Nlnfpn y en Nschknhkøl Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb Keenlyn mbe sbhtcr tnjenmn Keenlyn En hujbrturn mbe sbrvkhkc mb Niun pctnjeb sb tkblb bl ;7 vkvkblmns y/c ectbs, mb bstns 88 hubltnl hcl hclbxkclbs mcfkhkeknrkns qub rbprbsbltn be 8>.89% mb ens vkvkblmns, bxkstkblmc bl be pnmrøl mb usunrkcs mb en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ XNH. @nhkn be Kltbrkcr mb ens vkvkblmns scec bxkstb ul envnmbrc, skblmc be fctkvc prklhkpne be lc hcltnr  hcl ul skstbfn mb mkspcskhkøl mb bvnhunhkøl mbe niun rbskmune . Ens vkvkblmns qub lc hubltnl hcl hclbxkclbs sb njnstbhbl mb pkebtns mb ecs vbhklcs, bstns hclbxkclbs mb niun pctnjeb sb blhubltrnl bl hclmkhkclbs klnmbhunmns pnrn su usc b klstnenmns sbiÿl ens lcrfns y hrktbrkcs tëhlkhcs.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

:>

 

RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX 

HN]NX]ZC MB RXRNZ CX  CX  N trnvës mb Mkvkskøl mb hntnstrc mb usunrkcs y fbmkhkøl, rbpcrtc n lkvbe mb en BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ XNH, hubltn >2, :>: hclbxkclbs pctblhknebs y >8,0:9 nhtkvns, nskfksfc hubltn >=,9>= hclbxkclbs mb mbsniõb pctblhknebs y >8,=99 nhtkvns mb mbsniõb.

8.>4. 8.> 4. MBXHZ TTH H CL MBE X X]BFN X]BFN BP X]BL]B X]BL]B MB NNEHNL] EHNL]NZ NZ EENM EENMC C XNL ]NZ C. Be hcebhtcr bxkstbltb bxkstbltb mb ::24ff 24ff mb mkîfbtrc mkîfbtrc bl su trnvbsæn trnvbsæn jnon mb en hnrrbtbrn hnrrbtbrn pnlnfbrkh pnlnfbrkhnln nln (hurvn Þnhh`brc), tnfjkël eenfnmc hcebhtcr Tnlnfbrkhnln Tnlnfbrkhnln mkrkib pcr be hnfklc pbntclne `nstn en hnjbhbrn mb en Nschknhkøl Hcstn Wbrmb, eubic sb mkrkib n en hnrrbtbrn nltkiun, NjnlhnyEkfn, n pnrtkr mb bstb pultc be hcebhtcr bxkstbltb bs mb 8>2ff mb mkîfbtrc, eubic hcltklun `nhkn sur b kltbrhbptnlmc kltbrhbptnlmc hcebhtcrbs mb mbsn mbsniõb, iõb, hcfc mb Nschknhkøl Xnl Grnlh Grnlhkshc kshc `nstn en hnjbhbrn mb Nschknhkøl Xnl Hrkstøjne, Eubic sb mkrkib pcr prcpkbmnmbs prkvnmns, ntrnvbsnlmc mb mbjnoc mb vkvkblmns vkvkblmns y îrbns niræhcens bf bfpnefnlmc pnefnlmc ne bfksc bfkscrr bxkstbltb. Tcr ec qub mkgkhue mkgkhuetn tn bl ecs trnjnocs mb cpbrnhkøl y fnltblkfkbltc. Bl en nhtunefbltb vkblb hrbnlmc hclgekhtc schkne hcl ecs prcpkbtnrkcs, pcr ec qub bs lbhbsnrkc en rbujkhnhkøl mb tujbræn mb 8>2ff mb mkîfbtrc qub hclmuhb ul hnumne mb 4.>74f8/s, n pnrtkr mb bstb pultc (Juzøl 4>) mbe hcebhtcr sb mkrkikrî `nhkn be sur, kltbrhbptnlmc bl ecs juzclbs. Be prcybhtc hclskmbrn en rbujkhnhkøl mbe hcebhtcr prklhkpne prcybhtîlmcsb pcr en Nvblkmn Keenlyn, y eubic kltbrhbptnlmc mb ens rbmbs prcybhtnmns bfpnefîlmcsb ne bfkscr bxkstbltb y gulhkclnrî æltbirnfbltb pcr irnvbmnm. Bl en Wksktn n hnfpc sb pumc vbrkgkhnr bl en nrtbrkns mb en Nschknhkclbs Hcstn Wbrmbs, Nschknhk Nschk nhkøl øl Xn Xnll Hrkst Hrkstøjn øjne,e, Nschk Nschknhk nhkøl øl Zbs Zbskmb kmblhk lhkne ne Gcr Gcrtne tnebzn bzn,, Nsc Nschkn hknhkø hkøll Ens Ecf Ecfns, ns, Nschknhkøl Nlnfpn, Nvblkmn Keenlyn y Fbrhnmc Fnycrkstn Xbþcr mb Keenlyn, lc hubltnl hcl skstbfn mb nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc lk ebtrklns, nltb bstn sktunhkøl ecs pcjenmcrbs `nl hclstrukmc mb gcrfn nrtbsnlne pczcs hkbics bl neiulns vkvkblmns y bl ctrcs hnscs utkekznl be hnfpc njkbrtc pnrn sus lbhbskmnmbs jkceøikhns, Bl hclheuskøl, ens Nschknhkclbs lc hubltnl hcl ul sbrvkhkc mb mkspcskhkøl mb bxhrbtns nmbhunmcs En hkumnm mb Njnlhny nhtunefbltb nhtunefbltb hubltn hcl hcebhtcrbs hcebhtcrbs prklhkpnebs prklhkpnebs,, hcfc hcebhtcr Keenlyn bl su trnvbsæn trnvbsæn pnsn pcr be hbltrc hbltrc pcjenmc pcjenmc Keenly Keenlyn, n, hcebhtcr hcebhtcr >= puein pueinmns mns mb mkîfbtrc, mkîfbtrc, y nhtunefbltb pcr en bobhuhkøl mb penltn trntnfkbltc mb niun rbskmunebs, hclmuhkblmc `nstn mkspcskhkøl gklne mb ræcs Tnh`nh`nhn. HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX En hkumnm mb Njnlhny nhtunefbltb hubltn hcl hcebhtcrbs prklhkpnebs, hcfc be hcebhtcr mb Keenlyn bl su trnvbsæn pnsn pcr be hbltrc pcjenmc Keenlyn, hcebhtcr mb >= pueinmns mb mkîfbtrc y nhtunefbltb pcr en bobhuhkøl mb penltn trntnfkbltc mb niun rbskmunebs hclmuhb `nstn be gklne mbe ræcs pnh`nh`nhn. =. HNTN HNTNH H MNM MNM CT CTBZ BZN] N] WN MBE MBE CT CTBZ BZNM NMCZ CZ En BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[ X.N.H, hcfc bltkmnm mb sbrvkhkc mb snlbnfkbltc, hubltn hcl klgrnbstruhturn gæskhn mb ecs sbrvkhkcs mb niun pctnjeb y nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc mkspclkjeb hcfc hnptnhkclbs, eælbns mb hclmuhhkøl, rbsbrvcrkcs mb nefnhblnfkbltc mb niun pctnjeb, eælbn mb nmuhhkøl, skstbfn rbmbs mb mkstrkjuhkøl niun pctnjeb mb mkgbrbltbs mkîfbtrcs y skstbfn mb nehnltnrkeenmc snlktnrkc, hcebhtcrbs sbhulmnrkcs y prklhkpnebs, hcebhtcr bfkscr hcl mkspcskhkøl gklne Zæcs Tnh`n h`nhn, ens hunebs hclstktuyb klgrnbstruhturn mkspclkjeb. Nhtunefbltb be icjkbrlc rbikclne mb Npuræfnh vkblb bobhutnlmc nfpeknhkøl y fbocrnfkbltc mb rbmbs mb niun pctnjeb mb en hkumnm mb Njnlhny en fksfn vkblbl bobhutnlmc hcl prbsupubstc mb fklkstbrkcs mb vkvkblmn.  vkvkblmn.   Nskfksfc bxkstbl cjrns bl hclstruhhkøl mb Fbocrnfkbltc y Nfpeknhkøl mb ecs skstbfns mb niun pctnje pct njebb y ne nehnl hnltnr tnrkee keenmc nmc mb en hkum hkumnm nm mb Njnlhny Njnlhny bob bobhu hutnm tnmcc pc pcrr be Icjkb Icjkbrlc rlc Zbik Zbikcln clnee mb Npuræfnh, mbspuës mb huefklnhkøl mb bobhuhkøl pnsnrî jnoc en nmfklkstrnhkøl mb BTX BFRXNT NJNLHN[. =.;. LGZN LGZNBX]ZR BX]ZRH]RZN H]RZN NMF L XX]ZN] ]ZN] WWNN =.;.>. LGZNBX]ZRH]RZN MB XNLBNF BL]C MB ZBMB ZBMBXX MB NIRN TTC]NJEB. C]NJEB. Be sbrvkhkc mb Njnstbhkfkbltc mb Niun Tctnjeb mb en Hkumnm mb Njnlhny prcvkblb mb hklhc gubltbs mb njnstbhkfkbltc ecs qub skilkgkhnl ul prcfbmkc tctne mb prcmuhhkøl mb >=> eps. Be sks skstbf tbfnn mb trn trntnf tnfkbl kbltc tc mb mbee niun niun npekhn npekhnmc mc bl en nhtun nhtunekm ekmnm nm bs mb He Hecrn crnhkø hkøll bl Zbsbrvcrkc, trntnfkbltc trntnfkbltc qub lcs pbrfktb jrklmnr ens hclmkhkcl hclmkhkclbs bs mb hnekmnm nmbhunmns n en pcjenhkøl mbjkmc n en purbzn mbe niun mnmc qub prcvkblbl mb gubltbs sujtbrrîlbns hcfc bs be hnsc mb ens hnptnhkclbs mb Fnrhn`unsk, H`klh`kh`nhn, Nfnruych, y Fnrhnfnrhn. Bstb lkvbe mb trntnfkbltc tnfjkël sb bgbhtÿn pnrn en hnptnhkøl mb Zcltchhch`n gubltb supbrgkhkne mbjkmc n qub lc sb hubltn hcl uln penltn mb trntnfkbltc qub pbrfktn su nmbhunmn purkgkhnhkøl pnrn en mkstrkjuhkøl mbe fksfc inrnltkznlmc ens hclmkhkclbs mb hnekmnm fælkfcs. HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX En mkstrkjuhkøl mbe Niun sb rbnekzn hcl 7,72: fe. mb Zbm prkfnrkn y 9>,872 fe. mb rbm Xbhulmnrkn, `nhkblmc uln bxtblskøl tctne bl rbmbs mb 90,4>9 fe. En pcjenhkøl nhtune sbrvkmn hcl be sbrvkhkc mb Niun pctnjeb nshkblm nshkblmbb ne 79% mbe tctne mb en pcjenhkøl urjnln, hclskmbrnlmc ul prcfbmkc mb 2.8: `njktnltbs pcr vkvkblmn y sb hubltn hcl ul tctne mb 9,920 usunrkcs ne hkbrrb mbe bobrhkhkc :448. En BTX bstkfn uln Hcjbrturn Hcjbrturn mb  mb 79%. Bstn bstkfnhkø bstkfnhkøll sb `n rbnekznmc bl jnsb ne tctne mb hclbxkclbs skl mkshrkfklnr ens hntbicræns. Tnrn bgbhtcs mbe nlîeksks mb mbfnlmn, sb hclskmbrn hcfc hcjbrturn scec ens hclbxkclbs mcfëstkhns y schknebs, ens qub sufnl 7,749 y hclskmbrnlmc uln mblskmnm mb 2.8: `njktnltbs pcr vkvkblmn, sb tblmræn uln hcjbrturn 2=.:%. Ens hclbxkclbs hcfbrhknebs, klmustrknebs klmustrknebs y bstntnebs scl nlnekznmns pcr sbpnrnmc. N guturc sb prbtblmb eebinr n ul ;2% mb hcjbrturn. Bl bstn bstkfnhkøl lc sb `n klheukmc en pcjenhkøl mb ]nfjurhc pcr tblbr ul sbrvkhkc klmbpblmkbltb mb niun pctnjeb. Hclsufcs sbiÿl Ecs Hclsufcs  sbiÿl hntbicræns prcpcrhkclnmns pcr en BTX scl be klmkhnmc bl be hunmrc 4; mb en skiukbltb pîikln. Hunmrc. L´>8? Hclsufc pcr Hntbicræns, Nþc :448. Hntbicræns Hclbxkclbs Wceufbl (f8) Hclsufc Xchkne 870 >0,>8= :2 e/`nj-mæn Mcfëstkhn 7,4>9 >‛98=,7:0 >=0 e/`nj-mæn Hcfbrhkne >,>94 8;;,9=7 :0 f8/hclbxkøl-fbs Klmustrkne =4 2,224 >: f8/hclbxkøl-fbs Bstntne >78 >;4,977 ;0 f8/hclbxkøl-fbs Klgcrfb mb Ibstkøl :448 ‘ BTX1 Benjcrnhkøl Trcpkn. 2.8: `nj/vkvkblmn. Tnrn gklbs mb bvneunhkøl sb `nrî ens skiukbltbs hclskmbrnhkclbs? Be Hclsufc Xchkne sbrî njscrjkmc pcr be Mcfëstkhc. En Klmustrkn bxkstbltb bs pbqubþn y fbmknln1 pcr bstb fctkvc bstn hntbicræn tblmrî en fksfn hclskmbrnhkøl qub en Hcfbrhkne. Bl bstumkcs rbnekznmcs pcr en Hclsuetcrn @nehrcw & Tnrtlbrs (>;;7), sb `n bstkfnmc qub be hclsufc prcfbmkc mb en hntbicræns mcfëstkhn skl fbmkmcr pnrn >;;2 `n skmc mb :>.; f8 pcr hclbxkøl ne fbs, qub bqukvneb n >=: e/`nj ne mæn, hclskmbrnlmc qub bstb hclsufc bs krrbstrkhtc bl be nspbhtc bhcløfkhc, pcmbfcs hclheukr qub bstb be hclsufc fîxkfc qub sb tblmræn bl ecs prøxkfcs nþcs1 skl bfjnric bl be nþc :448 be hclsufc prcfbmkc mb en hntbicræn gub mb >=0 e/`nj mæn1 pcr bstb fctkvc sb hclskmbrn bstb vnecr hclstnltb murnltb be `crkzcltb mbe prcybhtc. Xkfkenr hcfpcrtnfkbltc sb tblmrî bl be rbstc mb ens hntbicræns.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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RLKWBZXKMNM ]BHLCECIKHN ]BHLCECIKHN MB ECX NLMBX =.;.:. LGZNBX]ZRH]RZN MBE X X]BFN MB MB MBXNIÕB. Nhtunefb Nhtu nefbltb ltb en Hcjbrturn Hcjbrturn mbe  mbe sbrvkhkc rbspbhtc ne tctne mb hclbxkclbs bs mbe crmbl mbe 7>%1 hcfc yn sb klmkhø, pnrn be hîehuec mb en Mbfnlmn sb hclskmbrn hcfc hcjbrturn ens Mcfëstkhns y Xchknebs qub sufnl 2,9:9 (=9% mb hcjbrturn). Hcfc kfpnhtc klkhkne mbe prcybhtc sb bspbrn sujkr en hcjbrturn n 22% bl be prkfbr nþc. Ens Hntbicræns Hcfbrhkne Hcfbrhkne b Klmustrkne sufnl >,:4: hclbxkclbs y ens Bstntnebs >=> hclbxkclbs. Ne skstbfn tnfjkël klirbsnl, skl hcltrce, ens niuns sbrvkmns mb ]nfjurhc1 pnrn tcfnr bstn hclskmbrnhkøl bl be hîehuec mb mbfnlmn sb npekhn be =.==% n en pcjenhkøl sbrvkmn. Be skstbfn mb nehnltnrkeenmc hclstn mb rbm hcebhtcrn prkfnrkn mb ;,797 fe, rbm sbhulmnrkn mb 2=,4:2 fe `nhkblmc ul tctne mb 78,94>fe mb rbm mb nehnltnrkeenmc. nehnltnrkeenmc . Be skstbfn mb hcebhtcrbs y bfkscr bstî mksbþnmc pnrn bvnhunr be 04% mbe hclsufc mb niun pctnjeb, fîs ens klgketrnhkclbs y npcrtbs mb niuns mb eeuvkns. Lc sb `nhb fnycrbs hclskmbrnhkclbs rbspbhtc n ens hclbxkclbs hcfbrhknebs-klmustrknebs, pubs ne sbr bstns mb hnrîhtbr nrtbsnlne y `nstn mb pbqubþn c fbmknln klmustrkn, lc iblbrnl rbskmucs mb fnycr  hukmnmc qub ecs mcfëstkhcs.

HRZXC? TZC[BH]CX MB KLWBZXKCL ‘ KLIBLKBZKN HKWKE

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