Mecanizado Quimico

 

Eboigmzihk quåemok

Bs ug prkobsk gk trihmomkgic bg bc ouic kourrb ugi rbekomÿg hb eitbrmicbs ebhmigtb bc okgtiotk hb sustigomis quåemois aubrtbs. Cis ipcmoiomkgbs hbgtrk hbc prkobsk mghustrmic bepbzirkg pkok hbspuís hb ci sbnughi nubrri eughmic bg ci mghustrmi hb cis ibrkgivbs. Bc usk hb eitbrmicbs quåemoks piri rbekvbr r bekvbr sboomkgbs gk hbsbihis hb tri`idk sb ipcmoig bg virmis akreis y sb jig hbsirrkccihk tíremgks hmstmgtks piri hmabrbgomir su ipcmoiomÿg. Vrkobhmembgtks

9.  Cmepmbzi4 iså sb isbnuri qub bc eitbrmic sb vi i hbsprbghbr hb eigbri ugmakreb.

Vmbzi i eboigmzir

0.  Bgeisoirmccihk4  sb ipcmoi ug rbou`rmembgtk prktbotkr bg cis zkgis qub gk sb qumbrb itioir quåemoiebgtb. Cks eitbrmicbs eés utmcmzihks piri prktbotkrbs skg gbkprbgk, ockrurk hb pkcmvmgmck, pkcmbtmcbgk y ktrks pkcåebtrks

 

?.  Itiqub quåemok4 sb hbsprbghb ci eitbrmi, ci pmbzi sb suebrnb bg ugi skcuomÿg quåemoi qub itioig cis pirtbs qub gk bstég prktbnmhis. Bg tkhk bc eítkhk, bc eitbrmic sb okgvmbrtb bg ugi sic qub sb hmcuybg bg ci skcuomÿg quåemoi y sb hbsprbghb hb ci supbramomb. Rgi vbz hbsprbghmhi ci oigtmhih hb eitbrmic hbsbihi, sb rbtmri ci skcuomÿg hb itiqub y sb bgduini ci pmbzi piri iså hbtbgbr bc prkobsk.

8.  Hbsbgeisoirmccihk4   sb rbtmrig cks prktbotkrbs hb ci pmbzi y qubhi ci pmbzi tbremgihi.

 

Bcboomÿg hbc eitbrmic

Ci bcboomÿg hbc eitbrmic hb itiqub quåemok hbpbghb hbc eitbrmic hb tri`idk qub sb vi itioir, ci prkaughmhih y ci vbckomhih hb rbekomÿg hbc eitbrmic hbsbihk, iså okek cks rbqubrmembgtks hb ioi`ihk bxtbrgk. Bc eitbrmic hb itiqub quåemok tie`míg hb`b oke`mgirsb okg okg ug prktbotkr oke okepitm`cb pitm`cb piri isbnurir isbnurir qub hmojk inbgtb gk iabotb iabotb ic  prktbotkr.

_mg be`irnks euojis ipcmoiomkgbs rbqumbrbg prkaughmhihbs hb skck icnugis emcísmeis hb pucnihis k ebgks. Dugtk okg ci pbgbtriomÿg bg bc tri`idk quåemok bg cis rbnmkgbs citbricbs smtuihk `idk bc prktbotkr. Bc bxobhbgtb hb okrtb sb rbciomkgi hmrbotiebgtb okg ci prkaughmhih hb okrtb y bstb hbamgb okek aiotkr hb itiqub quåemok.

 

  Ioi`ihk supbramomic4 bg bc eboigmzihk quåemok bc ioi`ihk hb supbramomb virmi okg oihi eitbrmic hb tri`idk.

Vrkobsks hb eboigmzihk quåemok  

Arbsihk quåemok

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_uidihk quåemok

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Nri`ihk quåemok

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Aktkquåemok

 

Arbsihk quåemok

Bstb eítkhk bs ipcmoi`cb ipcmoi`cb i pirtbs nrighbs nrighbs,, hb cis ouicbs sb rbtmrig ooigtmhihbs igtmhihbs sustigomicbs hb ebtic hurigtb bc prkobsk. _b bepcbi bc eítkhk hb prktboomÿg hb okrtb y

hbsprbghmembgtk. _uidihk quåemok

Rsi ci brksmÿg quåemoi piri okrtir pirtbs hb céemgis ebtécmois euy hbcnihis, okg ug bspbskr hb 6.669pucn jisti 6.602 piri pitrkgbs hb okrtbs okepcmoihk. Bg ie`ks bdbepck cks eítkhks okgvbgomkgicbs piri pbrakrihk y trkqubcihk pubhbg hiùir cis céemgis ebtécmois, ihbeés bc okstk hb ji`mtiomÿg hb jbrriembgtis bs euy ictk. Bc suidihk quåemok prkhuob rb`i`is y ivbgtidi i ktris kpbriomkgbs okgvbgomkgicbs hb okrtb. Cks eítkhks qub sb usig piri ipcmoir bc prktbotkr bg bc suidihk quåemok skg bc aktk rbsmstbgtb y bc rbsmstbgtb hb pigticci. Viri pitrkgbs hb okrtb pbqubùk okepcmoihks,

 

iså okek piri tkcbrigomis rbhuomhis sb usi bc eítkhk hb aktk rbsmstbgtb< hb ck okgtrirmk sb usi bc eítkhk pbqubùk, bc suidihk quåemok bxocuyb bc eítkhk hb okrtb y hbsprbghmembgtk hbc prktbotkr. Qbgtidis

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Bs pksm`cb prkobhbr eitbrmicbs bghurbomhis, arénmcbs ebhmigtb bc suidihk quåemok.

Hbsvbgtidis  

Bc nrkskr eéxmek hb ci eitbrmi prmei gk hb`b bxobhbr 6.6?puc.

Nri`ihk quåemok

Bs ug prkobsk hb eiqumgihk quåemok piri jiobr pciois okg gke`rbs y hm`udks jughmhks k bcbvihis. 

 

 

Bc bgeisoirmccihk sb jiob okg bc eítkhk hb aktk rbsmstbgtb. ] cks prkobsks skg

smemcirbs i cks igtbrmkrbs bxobptk qub hbspuís hbc itiqub okg bc eitbrmic quåemok sb jiob ugi kpbriomÿg hb rbccbgihk okg pmgturi piri prktbnbr bc érbi jughmhi.

Eboigmzihk aktkquåemok

Bg bstb sb usi bc eítkhk hb aktk rbsmstbgtb piri bgeisoirmccir pkr tigtk, bc tbremgk sb ipcmoi okrrbotiebgtb ic suidihk quåemok y nri`ihk quåemok ouighk bstks eítkhks usig rbsmstbgtb aktknréamoks. Bc eboigmzihk aktkquåemok sb bepcbi bg bc  prkobsiembgtk hb ebticbs ouighk sb rbqumbrbg tkcbrigomis eågmeis k pitrkgbs  prkobsiembgtk okepcmoihks sk`rb pirtbs pcigis. Cks prkobsks aktkquåemoks tie`míg sb usig iepcmiebgtb bg cis mghustrmis bcbotrkquåemois piri prkhuomr omroumtks okepcmoihks sk`rb pigticcis sbemokghuotkri sbemokghuotkris. s. Eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok

BOE okrrbspkghb i cis smncis bg mgncís hb eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok hb ebticbs y, bg okgtripksmomÿg i ci brksmÿg, hmambrb hb cis tíogmois okgvbgomkgicbs piri okrtbs hb ebticbs bg qub sb utmcmzig bgbrnåi bcíotrmoi y quåemoi okek jbrriembgtis hb okrtb. Okg bstb prkobsk sb rbeubvb bc ebtic okg aiomcmhih, smg qub mepkrtb su hurbzi, y sb oiriotbrmzi pkrqub gk hbdi vmrutis.

 

  _b triti hb ug irrigqub bcbotrkquåemok suivb hb eitbrmic smg akreiomÿg hb ojmspi. Viri bcck sb pkcirmzi ci pmbzi pksmtmvi okek égkhk y ci jbrriembgti gbnitmvi okek oétkhk ebhmigtb ugi aubgtb hb okrrmbgtb okgtmgui k pucsitkrmi. Ci oirni qub jiy bgtrb bc oétkhk y bc égkhk bg bc mgtbrstmomk hb tri`idk acuyb i trivís hb ugi skcuomÿg hb bcbotrkcmtks, nbgbricebgtb gmtritk sÿhmok k ockrurk sÿhmok. Bg bstb oisk sb subctig mkgbs ebtécmoks hb ci pmbzi hb tri`idk. Bc eitbrmic irrigoihk sb pubhb bxtribr bgtkgobs pkr amctriomÿg hb ci skcuomÿg hb bcbotrkcmtks okek jmhrÿxmhk hb ebtic. Ci akrei hbc oétkhk hb jbrriembgti sb idusti i ci tirbi hb eboigmzihk. Hb bstb ekhk, bc eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok hb ebticbs iotôi smg oirni eboégmoi gm tíremoi ôgmoiebgtb iccå hkghb rbicebgtb sb hbsbi ug irrigqub hb eitbrmic. Ijå bspbomicebgtb rihmoi tie`míg ci vbgtidi hb bstb prkobhmembgtk. Ebhmigtb bstb eboigmzihk hb hbamgmomÿg bstrmoti sb pubhbg tri`idir okg prbomsmÿg y hb akrei rbprkhuom`cb mgocusk okepkgbgtbs hb amcmnrigi. Ci rbekomÿg hbc ebtic sb cknri pkr ebhmk hbc prmgompmk hb bcbotrkcmsms hbsormtk  pkr Emojibc Airihiy jiobg eés hb 926 iùks.Cis cbybs hb Airihiy skg eés okgkomhis  pkr su ipcmoiomÿg bg bcbotrkhbpksmomÿg. bcbotrkhbpksmomÿg. Ciscbybs hb Airi Airihiy hiy bsti`cbobg `ésmoi `ésmoiebgtb ebgtb qub ci oigtmhih hb ebtic rbekvmhk bshmrbotiebg bshmrbotiebgtb tb prkpkromkgic i ci okrrmbgtb qub omrouci".

 

Vrkobhmembgtk

Ci jbrriembgti sb okgboti ic oétkhk ic  oétkhk y sb ci jiob ivigzir jiomi ci pmbzi i ugi vbckomhih okgstigtb ihiptihi i ci vbckomhih hb hmskcuomÿg hb hmskcuomÿg hb cks bcbotrkhks, cks bcbotrkhks,   eigtbgmbghk ug mgtbrstmomk ug mgtbrstmomk hb 6,6> i 6,>2 ee 6,>2 ee bgtrb ie`ks. Bsb mgtbrstmomk bvmti bc okrtkomroumtk bc okrtkomroumtk bgtrb cks bcbotrkhks y i trivís hb íc omrouci ci okrrmbgtb hb bcbotrkcmtk qub irristri cks rbsmhuks hb ci  ci hbsokepksmomÿg hbsokepksmomÿg hbc ebtic hb ci pmbzi. Ipcmoiomkgbs

Bg ouigtk i cis ipcmoiomkgbs, sb bepcbi bg bc eboigmzihk hb eitbrmicbs euy hurks, bg cks oisks bg qub sb gbobsmtb ugi supbramomb cm`rb hb tbgsmkgbs rbsmhuicbs k ouighk cis oiriotbråstmois nbkeítrmois hb ci pmbzi ck bxmdig. _b pubhbg okgsbnumr tkcbrigomis hb ¹6,602 ee bg tri`idks euy eu y amgks hb prbomsmÿg hmebgsmkgic. Oiriotbråstmois

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Jbrriembgti4 sb

okgstruyb bg ok`rb bg ok`rb prmgompicebgtb,  prmgompicebgtb, iugqub tie`míg sb bepcbi

bc citÿg, bc citÿg,   bc bc iobrk  iobrk mgkxmhi`cb, mgkxmhi`cb,   bc nriamtk bc nriamtk rbou`mbrtk hb ok`rb piri bvmtir su brksmÿg, y cis icbiomkgbs cis  icbiomkgbs wkcariemk wkcariemk-ok`rb ok`rb qub tmbgbg euy `ubgi rbsmstbgomi ic babotk hb cis ojmspis. Ci jbrriembgti pbreigbob mgbrtb pbreigbob mgbrtb arbgtb i cis rbioomkgbs quåemois prmeirmis qub sb prkhuobg pkr ck qub gk sb hbsnisti, sm `mbg bg ci rbicmhih sb prkhuobg ugi sbrmb hb rbioomkgbs sboughirmis sboughirmis qub prkvkoig ugi cbgti hbnrihiomÿg hb ci emsei. 

 

Bcbotrkcmtk4 skg skcuomkgbs ictiebgtb

okghuotkris, hb sicbs mgkrnégmois bg inui,

aughiebgticebgtb GiOc, aughiebgticebgtb  GiOc, Loc,  Loc, GiGK?,  GiGK?,   tri`idighk i tbepbrituris hb ?6-26 ´O, okg vbckomhihbs hb acudk hb ci okrrmbgtb hb 92 i 16 e/ 16 e/s, s, y okg prbsmkgbs hb 92 `irbs. 

 

Vmbzi4

bc eitbrmic hb ci pmbzi ji hb sbr  okghuotkr. Nbgbricebgtb  okghuotkr. Nbgbricebgtb sb bepcbi bstb

 prkobsk piri bc eboigmzihk hb ebticbs hb nrig hurbzi, nrig hurbzi,   k`tbgmíghksb ugi supbramomb cm`rb hb tbgsmkgbs rbsmhuicbs y smg ictbriomÿg hb ci ci bstruoturi  bstruoturi ormsticknréamoi. ormsticknréamoi. Ihbeés,  Ihbeés, cis  pmbzis qubhig qubhig cm`rbs hb rb`i rb`i`is `is gk rbqumrmbgh rbqumrmbghkk hb kpbrio kpbriomkgbs mkgbs pkstbrmkrbs hb ioi`ihk. 

 

Aubgtb hb icmebgtiomÿg4

Okek yi ck ebgomkgieks ci oigtmhih hb ebtic

rbekvmhk bs prkpkromkgic i ci okrrmbgtb omroucigtb, pkr ck tigtk cks prkobsks hb eiqumgihk bcbotrkquåemok rbqumbrbg ugi aubgtb oipiz hb ktkrnir ugi icti okrrmbgtb hmrboti. Bc vkctidb bs gkreicebgtb `idk, bg bc rignk hb cks 96 i 06 vkcts. Cis aubgtbs

 

gkreicebgtb okgvmbrtbg 006 ÿ ?:6 vkcts hb `idk iepbridb bg okrrmbgtb okgtmgui hb `idk vkctidb y ictk iepbridb. 

 

_mstbei hb omrouciomÿg hbc bcbotrkcmtk4

Okgsmstb bg oiùbråis, rbompmbgtbs,

vécvucis y `ke`is gbobsirmis piri hmrmnmr y okgtrkcir bc oiuhic hbc bcbotrkcmtk. Cks okepkgbgtbs hb`brég skpkrtir prbsmkgbs hbc krhbg hb cis?66 cn/puc` ihbeés tkhis cis  pirtbs hbc smstbei hb`bg sbr rbsmstbgtbs i ci okrrksmÿg, tbgmbghk bg oubgti ci inrbsmvmhih hbc acumhk. Ipiritk piri ci rbekomÿg hb sbhmebgtks4 

 

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oiusi

ci

mkgmziomÿg

hbc

eitbrmic

Bc eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok

bxtriåhk,

bc

ouic

bg

ugi pkstbrmkr rbioomÿg prkhuob ug pbsihk sbhmebgtk k `irrk okepubstk hb jmhrÿxmhksmg skcu`cbs. Vkr oihi Cn/ pucn hb eitbrmic rbekvmhk sb prkhuobg 966 Cn/ pucn hb sbhmebgtks< bc ouic hb`b sbr bxtriåhk hbc bcbotrkcmtk piri qub gk k`struyi su omrouciomÿg, bsti sb jiob pkr hmvbrsis tíogmois okek, hboigtiomÿg amctrihk k obgtrmaunihk. Viréebtrks hbc prkobsk4 

 

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oiriotbråstmois prmgompicbs hb cks piréebtrks hbc

 prkobsk. Xbgsmÿg4 okgtmgui, Xbgsmÿg4  okgtmgui, hb 1 i ?2 Q Mgtbgsmhih4 hb Mgtbgsmhih4  hb 96 i 96.666 I Hbgsmhih hb okrrmbgtb4 hb okrrmbgtb4 hb 0,? i ?,9 I/ee 0  QBE4 vickrbs ji`mtuicbs skg hb 9,2 i 0,6 oe?/emg/9.666 I Qbckomhih hb pbgbtriomÿg4 jisti eés hb 0,2 ee/emg bg icbiomkgbs huris

Qbgtidis  

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Hbsnistb rbhuomhk hb ci jbrriembgti (oétkhk) y, pkr tigtk, okghmomkgbs mhbicbs  piri ci prkhuoomÿg prkhuoomÿg bg sbrmb.

 

Oicmhih hb supbramombs hb jisti Pi 6,62.

 

Eboigmzihk hb prbomsmÿg.

 

Ci iusbgomi hb skcmomtiomkgbs tíremois k eboégmois sk`rb cks okepkgbgtbs bvmti

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qub sb ictbrbg cis prkpmbhihbs hb cks eitbrmicbs.  

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 Gk sb ictbrig su su hurbzi, gm su tbgiomhih gm ssus us prkpmbhihbs eingítmois. Ai`rmoiomÿg hb okgtkrgks hb ebgkr tieiùk y nrkskr.

 

 

Ictåsmei rbprkhuom`mcmhih hb ci bstruoturi hb cis supbramombs.

 

Vrkobsk hb ai`rmoiomÿg eés sbgomcck y bamombgtb, smg gbobsmhih hb ioi`ihks ticbs

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okek hbs`ir`ihk k pucmhk.  

Hbs`istihk / icmsihk / pucmhk bg ug ôgmok pisk hb tri`idk.

 

Eboigmzihk hb supbricbiomkgbs.

 

Eboigmzihk smeuctégbk hb eiork y emorkbstruoturis.

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Hbsvbgtidis

9.  Bc hmsbùk y okgstruoomÿg hb ci jbrriembgti pubhb sbr okepcmoihk y icnk okstksk 0.  _b okgsueb ugi nrig oigtmhih hb bgbrnåi bcíotrmoi. ?.   Gk sb pubhbg pubhbg k`tbgbr égnucks égnucks vmvks mgabrmkrbs. 8.  Ci okgbxmÿg bcíotrmoi hb ci pmbzi bg bci`kriomÿg hb`bg jiobrsb oumhihksiebgtb, oumhihksie bgtb, pkr cis nrighbs okrrmbgtbs qub omroucig.. 2.  Ci rbekomÿg b jmhrknbgk y ci prbsbgomi hb vipkrbs okrrksmvks rbqumbrbg bqumpiembgtk ihmomkgic. 1.  _mbeprb hb`bg sbr civihis cis pmbzis k`tbgmhis piri mgjm`mr ci  pkstbrmkr okrrksmÿg pkr pkr bc bcbotrkcmtk.

Qirmigtbs

Bxmstbg euojis virmigtbs hbc eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok, icnugis icnugis hb bccis skg4 

 

Vucmhk bcbotrkquåemok4 bs

bc emsek prkobsk qub bc EBY pbrk smg ivigob. Okg vbckomhihbs hb bcbotrkcmtk y hbgsmhihbs hb okrrmbgtb ebgkrbs okg ck qub sb nbgbrig supbramombs hb ioi`ihk euy amgk, okg vickrbs hb P i hbc krhbg hb 6,02 i 6,?6 ²e.

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Xicihrk bcbotrkquåemok4  bcbotrkquåemok4  sb

bepcbi piri prkhuomr inudbrks hb hméebtrk euy

 pbqubùk, piri ck qub sb bepcbig vkctidbs bcbvihks y bcbotrkcmtks éomhks. Ci jbrriembgti bs ugi `kqumcci hb vmhrmk bstmrihk okg bcbotrkhk mgtbrmkr, smbghk bc mgtbrstmomk hb 6,6? i 6,61 ee. Vrbsbgti ci vbgtidi hb qub sb pubhbg eboigmzir smeuctégbiebgtb eôctmpcbs inudbrks. Bg eitbrmicbs okek bc Gm y bc Ok sb pubhbg k`tbgbr inudbrks hb 6,9 i 6,>2 ee hb hméebtrk.

 

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Pbotmamoihk bcbotrkquåemok4 

bg bstb oisk bc bcbotrkhk bs ugi eubci ouyk

i`rismvk skg nrégucks hb hmieigtb hb hmieigtb gituric bg `rutk, smbghk bc inckebrigtb ug ebtic. Ci emsmÿg hbc i`rismvk bs imscir cis pirtbs ebtécmois hb cks bcbotrkhks eigtbgmbghk bc mgtbrstmomk, `irrbr cks rbsmhuks y irrigoir vmruti sm ci eubci sb pkgb bg okgtiotk okg ci pmbzi. Bstb prkobsk sb ipcmoi oism okg bxocusmvmhih ic iamcihk hb jbrriembgtis hb ebtic hurk. 

 

Hbs`ir`ihk bcbotrkquåemok4  ci

pmbzi i hbs`ir`ir sb mgtrkhuob bg ug tie`kr

rktitkrmk imscihk bcíotrmoiebgtb qub okgtmbgb hks bcbotrkhks hb okrrmbgtb, iùihmíghksb ic bcbotrkcmtk ugis bsabris hb nriamtk hb nriamtk qub sb oirnig pkr mgtrkhuoomÿg nriomis i cks bcbotrkhks, okg ck qub ihqumbrbg ug pktbgomic bcíotrmok suamombgtb hb ug cihk i ktrk hbc mgtbrstmomk bsabri-pmbzi piri prkvkoir bc eboigmzihk bcbotrkquåemok. Okek ci hbgsmhih hb okrrmbgtb bg cks sicmbgtbs hb cis rb`i`is bs eiykr qub bg cis supbramombs cmsis hb ci pmbzi, cis prmebris sb bcmemgig prbabrbgtbebgtb,  prkhuomíghksb  prkhuomíghk sb ug pbqub pbqubùk ùk oie`mk hmebgs hmebgsmkgic mkgic bg ci pmbzi.

 

PBVÔ@CMOI @KCMQIPMIGI HB QBGBTRBCI EMGM_XBPMK HBC VKHBP VKVRCIP VIPI CI BHROIOMßG RGMQBP_MXIPMI, OMBGOMI ] XBOGKCKNÅI RGMQBP_MHIH VKCMXÍOGMOI XBPPMXKPMIC HB VIPMI –CRM_ EIPMIGK PMQBPI―  VPKNPIEI GIOMKGIC HB AKPEIOMßG BG MGNBGMBPÅI EBOÉGMOI OIPÔVIGK ‟  B_XIHK  B_XIHK _ROPB

Eboigmzihk Bcbotrkquåemok

Aiomcmtihkr4 Mgn. Pk`brt Pkdis

Virtmompigtbs4 Dbsôs Nubrri

O.M4 08.1=0.=1= 

Lbvmg Oiri`icck Dbseir Pkhrånubz 

O.M4 02.8>=.?6?  O.M4 02.6=>.606 

Cumsinbcys Jue`rmi  O.M4 00.=01.28= 

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