Matura 2015 Practice Tests Poziom Rozszerzony Część Pisemna
Short Description
Matura 2015 Practice Tests Poziom Rozszerzony Część Pisemna...
Description
Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley
Konsultacja: Bożena SendorGala
Matura 2015
Express Publishing
Contents Podstawowe informacje o egzaminie maturalnym od 2015 r. Część pisemna
p.
I
Test 1
p.
Test 2
p. 16
Test 3
p. 28
Test 4
p. 40
Test 5
p. 52
Test 6
p. 64
A u d io s c rip ts .............................................................................................................
p. 76
A nsw er K e y ..............................................................................................................
p. 85
4
3
Podstawowe informacje o egzaminie maturalnym od 2015 r. Część pisemna /
Czas trw a n ia - 1 5 0 m in u t
/
Poziom tru d n o ści w skali ESOKJ - B 2
/
Z a w ykonanie wszystkich zadań zdający m oże o trzym ać maksym alnie 5 0 p u n k t ó w
RO ZUM IENIE ZE SŁUCHU Rodzaje i tematyka tekstów; wymagania szczegółowe
O kreślone w podstawie program owej IV 1.P; 1 .1-1.15 ; 2 .1 -2 .6 IY1.R; 1 .1-1.15; 2.1 Teksty autentyczne lub w minimalnym stopniu
Ź ró d ła tekstów
adaptowane; czytane przez rodzimych użytkow ników języka angielskiego O k. 25 min (całe nagranie z d w ukrotnie odczytanymi
Czas trw ania nagrania
tekstami, poleceniami i przerwami na wykonanie zadań) Zadania zamknięte: w y b ó r w ielokrotny, dobieranie,
Typy zadań
prawda/fałsz
Liczba zadań
3 -4 Za każdą poprawną odpowiedź zdający otrzym uje
Punktacja
1 punkt.
Udział w w yniku sumarycznym
24% | 12 pkt
RO ZUM IENIE TEKSTÓW PISANYCH Rodzaje i tematyka tekstów ; wymagania szczegółowe
Ź ró d ła tekstów Łączna długość te kstó w Typy zadań Liczba zadań Punktacja Udział w w yniku sumarycznym
O kreślone w podstawie program owej IV 1.P: 1 .1-1.15 ; 3.1-3.7 IV 1.R: 1 .1-1.15; 3.1 Teksty autentyczne lub w minimalnym stopniu adaptowane O k. 1 3 0 0 -1 6 0 0 słów Zadania zamknięte: w y b ó r w ielokrotny, dobieranie, prawda/fałsz 3 -4 Za każdą poprawną odpowiedź zdający otrzym uje 1 punkt. 26% | 13 pkt
ZNAJO M O ŚĆ Ś R O D K Ó W JĘZYKOW YCH Tematyka tekstów ; zakres środ ków leksykalnych; wymagania szczegółowe
Zakres środ ków gramatycznych
Ź ró d ła tekstów
Określone w podstawie programowej IV 1.P: 1 .1-1.15; 8.3; 13 IV 1.R: 1 .1-1.15; 8.2; 8.3; 13 O kreślony w Informatorze o egzaminie maturalnym z języka angielskiego od roku szkolnego 2 014/2015 (str 2 7 -3 5 )
Teksty autentyczne lub w minimalnym stopniu adaptowane Zadania zamknięte; w y b ó r w ielokrotny, dobieranie; zadania
Typy zadań/formy wypowiedzi
otw arte; zadanie z luką, parafraza zdań, słow otw órstw o, tłumaczenie fragm entów zdań na język obcy, układanie fragm entów zdań z podanych elem entów leksykalnych
Liczba zadań/ wypowiedzi Punktacja
2 -3 Za każdą poprawną odpowiedź zdający otrzym uje 1 punkt.
Udział w w yniku sumarycznym 24% | 12 pkt
W Y P O W IE D Ź PISEMNA Rodzaje i tematyka tekstów; wymagania szczegółowe
Określone w podstawie programowej IY1.P: 1.1-1.15; 5 .1 -5 .1 3 ; 7 .1 -7 .1 0 ; 8.3; 12 IY1.R: 1.1-1.15; 5.1, 5.2; 7.1-7.6; 8.2, 8.3; 12 Tekst argumentacyjny (list formalny, rozprawka, artykuł
Formy wypowiedzi
publicystyczny) z elementami np. opisu, relacjonowania, sprawozdania, recenzji, pogłębionej argumentacji
Długość wypowiedzi Liczba wypowiedzi
2 0 0 -2 5 0 słów 1 Zgodność z poleceniem od 0 do 5 pkt; spójność i logika
Punktacja
wypowiedzi od 0 do 2 pkt; zakres środ ków językowych od 0 do 3 pkt; poprawność środków językowych od 0 do 3 pkt
Udział w wyniku sumarycznym 26% | 13 pkt
In fo rm a to rz e o e g z a m in ie m a tu ra ln y m z ję z y k a an g iels kie g o o d roku szkolnego 2 0 1 4 /2 0 1 5 , k tó ry m ożna Szczegółow y opis egzaminu, punktacja o ra z k ry te ria oceniania znajdują się w pobrać np. ze strony
www.egis.com.pl.
IT
Rozumienie ze słuchu
Zadanie 2. (0-4)
Zadanie 1. (0-3)
{3
2 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B albo C.
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie cztery wypowiedzi
na tem at gadżetów. Do każdej wypowiedzi (2.1.-2.4.) dopasuj odpowiadające jej zdanie (A -E ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
Tekst 1. 1.1.
The aim o f th e interview is to A. provide inform ation about a new device.
The speaker A. thinks it is lim ited in its visual appeal,
B. caution smokers about a health hazard.
B. says it makes cleaning easier.
C. prom ote a m ethod fo r q u ittin g smoking.
C. likes the idea o f being able to take a nap anytime. D. thinks it is suitable fo r everyone,
Tekst 2. 1.2.
E. appreciates th a t it can be used in all weather.
The advertisem ent is addressed to people w ho A. are looking fo r a job. B. feel confused a bo ut life.
2.1.
C. w ou ld like to help others.
2.2. 2.3.
Tekst 3. 1.3.
The speaker is in A. a zoo. B. a museum. C. an art gallery.
4
2.4.
Zadanie 3. (0-5) 4
Usłyszysz dw ukrotnie wywiad z gospodynią domową.
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D. 3 .1 . Before Janet to o k action, her children A. avoided doing exercise. B. treated her like a slave. C. were messy eaters. D. refused to do hom ework. 3.2. One reason w hy Janet d id n 't explain her decision to the children was she A. d id n 't th in k they w ou ld believe her. B. th o u g h t they w ou ld criticise each other. C. decided it w ou ld waste to o much tim e. D. w anted the situation to get worse. 3.3. The children began to change th eir behaviour because A. they fe lt ashamed o f how they had been in the past. B. they d id n 't w a n t to look d ifferen t from th e ir classmates. C. they began to feel sorry fo r th eir mother. D. th e ir classmates began to make fun o f them . 3.4. W hen her children suggested she help them restore normality, Janet A. argued against the idea. B. laughed at th e ir attitudes. C. agreed to do the dishes. D. to ld them it was all their fault. 3.5. Janet recommends th a t o the r parents A. show th eir children the consequences o f n ot doing chores. B. take the same action as she did w hen no pets are present. C. avoid doing the tasks th a t children should. D. listen better to th e ir children's complaints.
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4. (0-4) Przeczytaj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. D o każdego pytania (4.1 -4 .4 .) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
UNUSUAL DESTINATIONS A. They may not be very well known, but these
B- The story of this tiny potato-shaped
low-profile wonders are not to be missed.
island
Located at the top of South America’s eastern
unbelievable. In just a few decades, Nauru
shoulder, Suriname is the smallest sovereign
went from rags to riches and back to rags
state in South America. A former member of
again. The phosphate deposits that made
the Kingdom of the Netherlands, it has turned
its people wealthy are all but gone, along
into a melting pot, where indigenous cultures
with its dense tropical forest. Now the
mix with
Indian,
waters are rising and the island is at risk of
Indonesian and other nationalities. Owing to
disappearing into the sea. However, it’s still
this, it celebrates a variety of distinct ethnic
worth
and
capital,
startlingly green cliffs and vast ocean can
Paramaribo, retains some fine Dutch-colonial
be very inspiring. The locals retain a relaxed
architecture, but the country’s nature reserves
approach to life, singing in distinctive Pacific
such as Raleighvallen and Brownsberg and
Islander harmonies and playing Australian
their colourful birds are its true gems.
Rules football.
British,
religious
Chinese,
festivals.
Dutch,
The
nation
a
visit.
is
Its
both
unfortunate
denuded
and
landscape,
c - Another tiny and often forgotten country is Kyrgyzstan. This little-known travellers’ gem is one of the greatest highlights of Central Asia. Apart from being the most accessible Central Asian nation, it is also the most spectacular, despite its remoteness. Adventurers will be in paradise with mountains, lush valleys, spectacular high altitude lakes and highland grasslands dotted with yurts and wild nomads. Accommodation is cheap and the people are among the world’s warmest and most welcoming. However, the lack of infrastructure means you need to take it slowly and trying to travel anywhere fast will leave you frustrated.
6
In which paragraph does the author 4.1. m ention hospitality? 4.2. evoke a potential disaster? 4.3. m ention w ildlife? 4.4. refer to transport difficulties?
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1.-5.4. litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
THE RECORD-BREAKING BIRDMAN You probably don’t think of blrdwatchlng as a competitive pursuit - but it has an undisputed world champion, and he’s an Englishman. Tom Gullick has become the first person to spot 9,000 of the world’s bird species. Tom is what’s known as a ‘big lister’ - someone who travels the world in search of birds to add to his tally of sightings. Perhaps surprisingly, Tom says it’s not the beauty of rare birds that motivates him, but the challenge of finding them. 15.1. |
Since emigrating there 40 years
ago, he’s spent his winters leading hunts and his springs leading birdwatching tours, which led to his globetrotting hobby. With much of his year free for travelling and a growing interest in rarely seen birds, Tom began embarking on bird-spotting adventures. He says his fascination for birds began long before they had anything to do with his work, though. During the Second World War he was evacuated from his hometown to rural Wales, where he noticed birds for the first time. 5.2.
He collected eggs by climbing trees to raid the nests of species
such as the raven. These days, of course, people’s interest in birds is channelled more into conservation than destruction. Elite birdwatchers pay considerable amounts of money to take part in bird spotting tours with professional guides across the world, and the cash is ploughed into making sure conservation areas remain exactly that. Jack’s own efforts have helped to establish the status of some of the least-seen birds in the world. 5.3. |
Other highlights of his bird-spotting career
include the bee hummingbird, which is smaller than a human thumb, and the blue bird of paradise, which performs an elaborate courtship ritual in which the male hangs upside down and unfolds a fan of violet feathers. It’s seen as impossible for all of the world’s bird species - believed to number more than 10,000 - to be spotted in one lifetime. Tom certainly won’t be the man to do it. Now in his 80s, he points out that his hobby often involves negotiating inhospitable terrain on foot, which is becoming increasingly problematic for him since a knee operation. [5AJ
For example, rather than zig-zagging around the
world, he advises spending as much time as possible in one region.
8
A.
A lth ou g h he's called It a day himself, he's happy to offer tips fo r anyone w h o w ants to try surpassing his achievement.
B.
Found in South America, it is th e largest flying parrot and its beak is strong enough to crack coconuts.
C.
In particular, he has rediscovered tw o birds th a t were th o u g h t to have been w iped o ut - the Sao Tome grosbeak on the island nation o ff W est Africa and the yellow -throated serin in Ethiopia.
D.
That's som ething Tom knows more than most about, as he's spent much o f his w orking life leading partridge shoots in Spain.
E.
He began doing som ething which seems to be in direct opposition to a love o f birds, b ut w hich was still legal then.
Zadanie 6. (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z instrumentem muzycznym. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. Tekst 1. The stew was almost done when there was a roll of
returned to the pantry, and set the salt cellar down
wheels out In the yard, and a great shadow passed
hard. "Well," said she, "I've put it in, and now I'm going."
over the kitchen floor.
"Ruth Whitman, you aren’t going off to school without
"Mother, it's the Wigginses!" said Ruth, in a terrified
any dinner."
whisper.
"I don't see anything for dinner but bread and apple
"Good gracious!" sighed her mother, "they've come to
sauce, and I don't want any."
dinner."
She went through the kitchen, where Serena now
Everybody stared for a second; then Mrs Whitman
tended the stew, only stopping to take her shawl off the
recovered herself. She threw open the door, and thrust
peg.
her large face out into the rain. "Why, how do you do?"
"Why, are you going?" Serena called after her.
said she, and she smiled beamingly.
"I've got to; it's late," replied Ruth curtly. She gave a stiff
The wagon looked full of faces. They were Mr Wiggins,
nod, which seemed directed at the stewpot rather than
his wife and three children, and his mother. They were
at the Wigginses. "Goodbye," said she.
distant relatives of Mrs W hitman's who often came over
Ruth sped along through the rain and mist. "I suppose I
to spend the day, always unannounced.
was silly to act so mad," she said to herself. "I know it
Mr Whitman came out clumsily and opened the barn
bothered Mother."
doors, and led the horse into the barn. "I hope you
When she reached home after school Serena met her
haven’t got wet," Mrs Whitman said. Nothing could
at the door.
have exceeded her cordiality; but all the time she was
"Oh, Ruth Whitman!" she cried, "we have had such a
thinking of the parsnip stew, and how it sureiy would
time! The W igginses have gone. Mrs Wiggins and old
not go around now.
Mrs Wiggins were dreadfully mad. Oh, Ruth, you didn't
Ruth stayed by the pot and stirred the stew, and
do it on purpose, did you?"
scowled. "I think it's downright mean for folks to come
"Do what on purpose?" said Ruth.
over like this, just before dinner," she said to the uncles,
"Don't you know what you put into that parsnip stew?
who had not left their chairs.
Oh, Ruth, you put baking soda in it!"
As soon as she could, Ruth cornered her mother in the
"I don't believe it. ...I don't see how it happened," Ruth
pantry. "Mother, what are you going to do?" said she.
said, slowly, "unless Mother had poured some baking
"Just the best I can," she whispered severely. "I'm going
soda in the salt cellar earlier on... I hope they didn't
to tell father and Caleb and Silas they mustn't take any
think I did a mean thing like that on purpose. W hat did
of that stew; they can have some bread and apple
they say?"
sauce."
"Well, Mrs Wiggins tasted it, then old Mrs Wiggins did.
"Well," said Ruth, in a loud voice. "I think it's mean and
Then they looked at Mother. Mother kept getting redder
a downright imposition on us, coming over this way at
and redder. Finally she asked if there was anything the
dinnertime."
matter with the stew.
"Ruth Whitman, if you care anything about me, you'll
"Then Mrs Wiggins pushed over her plate for mother to
keep quiet. Now go and put some more salt in that
taste the stew, and said she'd noticed how we'd acted
stew. I've got to get out the other knives."
as if we weren’t glad to see them when they’d arrived,
"Well, how much shall I put in?" she inquired, sulkily.
and she'd seen you add something to the stew, and
"Oh, quite a lot. It was dreadfully flat. Taste it.”
she thought from the way you were behaving that you
But Ruth did not taste it. She scattered the contents of
were up to something.”
the salt cellar liberally into the stew, gave it a stir, A d a p te d from “A P arsnip S te w ” b y M ary E. W ilkins Freem an
6.1. W hile greeting the Wigginses, Mrs W hitm an A. enquired as to the reason behind their visit to her house. B. w ondered if she could entertain them and cook at the same tim e. C. com m ented on the inconvenience o f th e ir visiting. D. resigned herself to the fact th a t there w a sn 't enough food. 6.2. Mrs W hitm an told Ruth to season the stew because she A. knew the W igginses' tastes. B. was angry w ith her. C. w anted the stew to be thicker. D. was occupied w ith cutlery. 6.3.
Through her sister, Ruth learned th a t in her absence A. Mrs W iggins had confessed she d id n 't w a n t to visit. B. there had been a m ix-up relating to the cooking. C. Mrs W iggins had broken one o f th eir dishes. D. Mrs W iggins had accused her o f a scheme.
Tekst 2.
Being an avid host myself, I found it surprising to read that about half of people find having friends or neighbours over for dinner more stressful than going to work. According to a new poll, 57 per cent of people found hosting people for a meal more nerve-racking than commuting to and from work, while 25 per cent said it is more demanding than a job interview. The survey also found that many hosts are putting themselves under enormous pressure to serve top quality food that they had seen on famous chefs’ TV shows. The main fears and anxieties of hosts are that their choice of dish will not turn out right and that the guests will not have a good time. One in five women confessed to having messed up a meal by using the wrong ingredients because of stress; the same percentage of men admitted to having ordered takeaway and passing it off as their own. Despite the stress, dinner parties are still quite popular and can be both enjoyable and useful. The survey revealed that 15 per cent of people questioned had found a job or signed a business deal thanks to a dinner party while 11 per cent of the men claimed to have met their partner while dining with friends. My take on this is that stress is all in the mind and can easily be avoided by keeping things basic and not trying to impress too much; that’s what I do!
12
6.4. W hich o f the fo llo w in g is stated in the te x t as an opinion, n ot a fact? A. It's possible to make cooking mistakes due to stress. B. Fifty percent o f people find hosting a meal stressful. C. A lot o f people are afraid th e ir dish w o n 't tu rn o u t well. D. Simplifying things can help avoid stress w hen hosting. 6.5. In both texts, we learn how A. people sometimes pretend to cook a meal they d o n 't actually cook. B. cooking fo r others sometimes causes people to make mistakes. C. people often make new friends at dinner parties. D. families can make hosting dinner guests easier.
13
Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 7. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzym ać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D.
Helen Storey is a fashion designer on a mission. Having achieved global success, she felt guilty about being part of an industry that 7.1
people to buy far more clothes than they need and the
environmental impact of that. So, her latest project has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of the fashion world significantly. Storey has joined forces with scientists to create an additive for washing powder that contains a mineral 7.2
used in toothpastes and sunscreens that has pollutant-removing qualities. Clothes
that are washed in the powder retain this property, becoming mobile air purifiers! In order to make a significant difference, however, many of the population would need to use the powder regularly. To 7.3
the emissions of one car, three people need to wear a pair of air-cleaning
jeans all day. Storey and her collaborators have therefore decided to renounce any legal ownership of the idea. 7.4........., they hope to
encourage
as
washing
many powder
manufacturers as possible to consider using it.
7.1. A. tempts B.
provokes
7.2. A. former 7.3. A. wash down
7.4. A. This way
B. yet
B. hide away
B. Like so
C. activates
C. already
C. rub o ff
C. Even so
D. traps
D. well
D. cancel out
D. Altogether
Zadanie 8. (0-4)
8
Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij luki (8 .1 .-8 .4 .), przekształcając wyrazy podane w nawiasach tak, aby otrzym ać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych w yrazów .
All of us are 8.1......................... (guilt) now and then of taking our mobile phones out at social occasions and risking looking rude to our friends. That’s why we should be aware that our phones can act as a barrier to us making new friends. Psychologists at Essex University asked 37 pairs of 8.2
(strange) to chat to each other about everyday matters for 10 minutes, and then
about topics that were important to them. Half of the pairs had a mobile phone sitting between them and the other half chatted over a notebook. Those who chatted in the presence of a mobile phone felt less positive about the person they chatted to than the others. At the end of the more meaningful conversations, the people who chatted with a notebook between them reported 8.3........................(feel) that they had formed a bond with the other participant, which wasn’t the case among the people who talked near a phone. When they wrote their experiment up, the researchers theorised that when someone’s mobile phone is in sight, people are more aware of them as being part of a wider social network, and therefore feel more 8.4.......................... (emotion) distanced from them.
14
Zadanie 9. (0-4) Uzupełnij zdania (9 .1 .-9 .4 .), wstawiając podane w nawiasach w yrazy w odpowiedniej formie. Nie zmieniaj kolejności podanych wyrazów. Jeśli to konieczne, dodaj niezbędne elementy, aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych w yrazów. Uw aga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie sześć wyrazów, wliczając w to w yrazy już podane. 9.1. Jennifer (h a v e /h a ir/c u t)
by a to p hairdresser at the m om ent.
9.2. If only (l/n o t/le a v e ) ............................................................................. you alone last night, none o f this w ou ld have happened. 9.3. Her careless gossip ( re s u lt/p e o p le /g e t/h u rt).................................................................... , b ut she has learned her lesson. 9.4. Where (l/suppose/sign) ............................................................................................................................my name?
Wypowiedź pisemna Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ied z się na jeden z poniższych tem atów. W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typow e dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. Niektóre firm y ubezpieczeniowe zachęcają młodych kierowców do instalowania „czarnych skrzynek” w samochodach, dzięki czemu wiadomo, czy jeżdżą oni bezpiecznie. Kierowcy jeżdżący bezpiecznie są nagradzani niższymi stawkami ubezpieczeniowymi, a jeżdżący brawurowo płacą więcej. Napisz rozprawkę na temat zalet i wad tego rozwiązania. 2. W ciągu ostatnich kilku lat znacznie spadła liczba turystów odwiedzających Twoją miejscowość. Napisz list do kierownika miejscowego organu do spraw turystyki, w którym wyjaśnisz przyczyny tego zjawiska i zasugerujesz sposoby przyciągnięcia większej liczby turystów.
15
Rozumienie ze słuchu Zadanie 1. (0-3) 6
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty.
Zadanie 2. (0-4) 7 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie cztery wypowiedzi
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą,
na tem at pracy wolontariackej. Do każdej
zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B
wypowiedzi (2.1.-2.4.) dopasuj
albo C.
odpowiadające jej zdanie (A -E ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli.
Tekst 1. 1.1.
Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane
The speakers are A. botanists.
dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
B. chemists. C. gardeners.
The speaker A. helped show people the w ay forw ard. B. discovered a new pastime through volunteering.
Tekst 2.
C. became a regular volunteer for the charity they tried. 1.2.
W h a t w ou ld be the best newspaper headline for the news report?
D. feels volunteering is part o f their job description. E. thinks voluntary w ork could become their career.
A. THIEF HIDES FOR TEN HOURS B. SHOP OWNER FIGHTS OFF THIEF C. THIEF GETS CAUGHT IN CHIMNEY
2.1. 2.2. 2.3.
Tekst 3. 1.3.
W hich o f the fo llo w in g is stated in th e news report as an o p in io n , n ot a fact? A. The quest fo r Earth-like planets is the last big piece in a puzzle. B. The m ajority o f 'exoplanets' are far larger than Earth. C. In recent years, astronomers have been discovering planets very rapidly.
16
2.4.
Zadanie 3. (0-5) 3
18
Usłyszysz dw ukrotnie audycję radiową na tem at nowej form y
rozryw ki. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D. 3.1. A t th e start o f Horror Camp Live, participants A. set up th e ir tents in a campsite. B. tell scary stories around a campfire. C. come face to face w ith a murderer. D. w atch a frigh ten ing film together. 3.2. Events at Horror Camp Live A. are only enjoyed by true fans o f horror. B. take place over a tw e n ty -fo u r hour period. C. involve separating individuals from th e ir group. D. all occur around th e tents and campfire. 3.3. People w ho go to Horror Camp Live A. have no idea h ow the events w ill unfold. B. play a character from a film fam iliar to them . C. th in k som ething real is happening. D. have to find th e ir way using smell and hearing only. 3.4. A nita says th a t Horror Camp Live participants A. should be strong and fit. B. d o n 't have to be adults. C. m ust always book early. D. w o n 't be able to sleep. 3.5. In the interview, Anita A. encourages everyone to give Horror Camp Live a chance. B. explains w h a t happens at Horror Camp Live step by step. C. recommends Horror Camp Live to anyone looking fo r a thrill. D. talks a bo ut w h a t makes Horror Camp Live a unique experience.
17
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4, (0-4) Przeczytaj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. Do każdego pytania (4.1 -4 .4 .) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
TYPES OF SURVEYS collecting
B- Sampled surveys ask a sample portion
information in order to gauge the views of a
of a group to answer a series of questions.
community. There are different types of surveys.
If designed and carried out well, the
A case study is a descriptive, exploratory or
results for the sample will actually reflect
explanatory analysis of a person, group or event.
the
It involves collecting information from a part of a
surveying the entire group. For example,
group or community, without trying to choose
let’s
them for overall representation of the larger
percentage of people in your city would
population. You may need to conduct multiple
welcome the construction of an airport.
case studies before you get a real sense of how
Getting
the broader community would respond to your
10,000,000 people to fill out a survey
survey. Case study surveys only provide specific
would be a huge task involving great
information about the community studied. The
expense. Instead, you would survey a
popularity of case studies in testing hypotheses
representative sample of the residents to
has developed only in recent decades.
find out what they think.
A. A
survey
is the
process
of
results say
you you
every
would want
person
have to
in
got
know
a
by
what
city
of
c With a census survey, every single member of the population the surveyor wants to learn about is given a questionnaire to fill out. This type of survey tends to give the most precise information about the group, but it may not always be very practical for large groups, so it is best done with limited groups - all of the customers of a particular shop, for example, as opposed to all of the citizens of a city. Census data are commonly used for business marketing and planning, to gauge population distribution and electoral representation, as well as creating a baseline for sampling surveys.
18
In which paragraph does the author 4.1. m ention a study used by retail organisations? 4.2. ta lk about measuring the num ber o f voters? 4.3. refer to the cost o f a survey? 4.4. imply the m ethod d id n 't use to be used a lot?
19
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1.-5.4. litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
THE BIG BLUE A pure diamond is actually clear, as it simply transmits visible light, and any colour it has is the result of impurities in the crystal structure. The most common of these by far is nitrogen, which results in a yellowish or brownish tinge in the diamond and drastically reduces its value. |5.1.|
The most desirable
impurity is boron, since that is the one which creates the blue diamond. The Cullinan Diamond Mine, established in 1902 as the Premier Mine, is no stranger to record-breaking gems. 5.2. It was cut into a number of gems, the largest of which is called the First Star of Africa and adorns the sceptre of the British Crown Jewels. The second largest adorns the crown, and is called the Second Star of Africa. They are still the second and fourth largest polished diamonds ever created. Since then, the mine has proved again and again that it is a premier source in the world for large stones, and unrivalled in the quantity it uncovers of the fabled blue diamond. 5.3. Recent record-breaking finds include the Star of Josephine, sold for $9.49 million in 2008, and a 25.5 carat blue diamond found in 2013, which sold for $16.9 million. The one they just unearthed, however, could be the largest flawless uncut blue diamond ever discovered. 5.4.
Petra's
chief executive elaborated: ‘By some margin ... this is probably the most significant stone we've ever, in terms of blue stones, recovered.’ An analyst has estimated that it could attract bids of between $15 and $20 million at auction and, with the nature of bidding wars, it could go much higher.
20
A. Though diamonds are sold by m ining companies uncut, it is w hen they are cut and polished th a t their real value can be determ ined.
B. The Cullinan Diamond, mined w ay back in 1905, is still very probably the largest rough diamond ever recovered, at
3,106 carats. C. W eighing in at 29.6 carats, it has been described by Petra Diamonds, the m ining company th a t w orks the Cullinan Diamond Mine, as 'exceptional'. D.
Some hues in diamonds can increase th e ir value, however, since they are rare, beautiful and therefore highly soughtafter.
E.
In fact, there is no other mine in the w orld th a t regularly and reliably produces this m ost alluring o f stones.
21
Zadanie 6. (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z N ow ym Rokiem. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. Tekst 1. Prissy Baker was in Oscar Miller’s store on New Year’s
never speak to his brother again.
morning when her uncle, Richard Baker, came in. He
She found the door unlocked and entered the kitchen.
did not look at Prissy, nor did she wish him a happy new
W hat fun! Father would laugh about it.
year; she didn’t dare. Uncle Richard had not been on
Prissy found pork, potatoes, cabbage, turnips and the
speaking term s with her or her father for years.
ingredients of a raisin pudding, which Richard Baker
He was a big, prosperous-looking man - an uncle to be proud of, Prissy thought, if only he were like he used to
was very fond of. In a short time the kitchen was full of appetising odours.
be. In her childhood they had been great friends; but that
Prissy enjoyed herself hugely, and imagined Uncle
was before the quarrel, in which Prissy had had no part,
Richard thinking one of the Jenner girls across the street
although Uncle Richard seemed to include her in his
had cooked his dinner.
bitterness. Richard Baker, so he informed Mr Miller, was on his way
Prissy was peppering the turnips when a gruff voice
to deliver some pork. “Joe Hemming let me know
Prissy whirled around as if she’d been shot. There stood
yesterday he wouldn’t be buying pork after twelve today,”
Uncle Richard! Her heart thumped. She looked as if
he said, “so unfortunately I’m having to do to business
Uncle Richard had caught her stealing from him, her
on New Year’s morning.” “But isn’t it pretty much the same as any other day to
face red. “I, I came up to cook for you,” she stammered. “I heard
you?” said Mr Miller, for Richard Baker lived with nobody
you say Mrs Janeway had gone home ...”
but his housekeeper, old Mrs Janeway.
Poor Prissy wouldn’t have been surprised to hear Uncle
“Well, I always like a good dinner on New Year’s,” said
Richard angrily order her out.
Richard Baker. “It’s about the only way I can celebrate.
“It was very kind of you,” said Uncle Richard. “It's a
Mrs Janeway is with her son’s family, so I was preparing
wonder your father let you.”
to cook my own dinner. I got everything ready last night,
“Father was not home, but I am sure he wouldn’t have
before I heard about the pork. I won’t get back before
prevented me. Father has no hard feelings against you.”
one, so I reckon I’ll have to put up with a cold meal.”
“Humph!” said
Prissy walked home thoughtfully. She herself did not
cooked it you must help me eat it. It smells good. Mrs
need to cook a dinner, for her father would be gone the
Janeway always burns pork.”
whole day. She felt sorry for Uncle Richard, picturing him
They sat down. Uncle Richard had a good appetite. He
returning, cold and hungry, to a tireless house and an
talked to Prissy kindly and politely. Eventually he said
uncooked dinner.
slowly: “I’m much obliged to you, Prissy, and I don’t mind
Prissy put her purchases away, then started up the road
admitting that I’m sorry for my share in the quarrel, and
behind her said: “Well, well, what does this mean?”
Uncle
Richard. ‘W ell, since you’ve
to Uncle Richard’s house. Her plan was to cook his
have wanted for a long time to be friends with your father
dinner for him then slip away before he came home. He
again, but was too ashamed and proud to make the first
would never suspect her of it. Prissy didn’t want him to;
advance. You can tell him so for me. Tell him I’d like him
she thought he would be more likely to throw a dinner
to come up here with you tonight when he gets home
she’d cooked out of the window than to eat it.
and spend the evening with me.”
Eight years earlier, Richard and Prissy’s father had
"Oh. he v,ill!" cried Prissy joyfully.
quarrelled over the division of a piece of property. The
■Y o j m ust promise to cook my dinner for me every New
fault had been mainly on Richard’s side, which made
Year."
him all the more stubborn. He had declared he would A d a p te d from ‘ U n d e R ic h a rd ’s N ew Y ear’s D in n e r” b y L.M. M ontgom ery
22
6.1. Richard Baker's New Year plans changed because A. he saw his niece w hile shopping. B. he had a disagreement w ith someone. C. his housekeeper left him unexpectedly. D. he needed to adjust to a customer's schedule. 6.2. Prissy d id n 't w a n t to see Richard at his house because she A. th o u g h t he w ou ld reject her efforts. B. feared it w ould upset her father. C. w anted Richard to th in k everything was normal. D. was afraid he w ou ld make fun o f her. 6.3. During the meal, Richard A. turned o u t to be well-m annered. B. adm itted he caused the quarrel. C. paid Prissy a com plim ent. D. criticised Prissy's father.
23
Tekst 2.
NEW YEAR’S RESOLUTIONS For millions of people around the world the New Year is a time to change something for the better, whether it be to eat a healthier diet, spend more quality time with family and friends, or to reconcile with someone they have fallen out with. Unfortunately, and despite all the good intentions, only a tiny percentage of people ever manage to keep their New Year’s resolutions. In fact, a recent study showed that just 8% of people achieve their New Year’s goals. This is despite the fact that the
nature of New Year’s
resolutions has changed during the last century, with many resolutions being more superficial and selfish than in previous times. Most revolve around changes to the resolution-maker’s appearance, lifestyle and career. So, why do so many people fail to achieve their resolutions and what are the secrets behind those who succeed? According to some researchers, many people use the New Year as an opportunity to attempt massive makeovers in their private and professional life and make a long list of resolutions. Now, although that’s positive in itself, the average person has so many competing priorities that this type of approach is doomed to failure. Essentially, when you set your sights so high you often doom yourself to failure right from the outset. A d a p te d from http://healthland.tim e.com co nsu lted 11/11/2013
24
6.4. According to the text, many people A. expect to fail In th e ir resolutions. B. choose more d iffic u lt resolutions nowadays. C. tend to ask to o much o f themselves. D. are n ot sincere w hen they make resolutions. 6.5. From both texts, w e learn th a t at New Year people A. sometimes react badly to o the r people's resolutions. B. choose more m eaningful resolutions than in the past. C. often make an e ffo rt to eat healthily. D. sometimes try to make up w ith one another.
25
%
Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 7. (0-4)
Zadanie 8. (0-4)
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi
Przeczytaj poniższy tekst i uzupełnij każdą
w ybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzymać logiczny
lukę (8 .1 .-8 .4 .), przekształcając jeden
i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę
z w yrazów z ramki w taki sposób, aby powstai
A, B, C albo D.
spójny i logiczny tekst. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna
High above the streets of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, abseiiers in brightly coloured clothes
wpisywanych wyrazów. Uwaga: dwa wyrazy zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki.
are becoming a common sight. But these people aren’t extreme sports enthusiasts;
like
equal
show
caution
psyche
w arn
7.1........., they are the latest weapon in the city’s war on litter. GENDER-LINKED PHOBIAS
The hilly slopes of Rio have now become so full of rubbish that the city authorities have decided to train refuse collectors to clean them up using ropes and harnesses. It may sound extreme, but keep in 7.2
that the
piles of rubbish build up in areas that are not accessible by car or on foot. The abseiling refuse collectors sometimes have to lower themselves more than 70 metres down a rocky cliff in order to 7.3
access to some
Saying that women are more afraid of spiders than men may seem like a sexist remark, but there is actually some scientific basis for this statement.
pictures
8.1 girls,
of
spiders
to baby boys and baby the
females
have
much
stronger
reactions to them. After carrying out such an experiment, an expert in 8.2.......................... from
Pittsburgh suggested that the very
different roles of prehistoric men and women
rubbish piles. It’s a job that’s not for the faint-hearted - and not just because you need to be comfortable with heights to do it. Guns and even dead bodies 7.4......... by refuse collectors in the
led to women becoming more fearful than men when In the presence of dangerous animals. While it was important for men not to be afraid of animals because of their role as hunters,
course of their day’s work.
8.3 7.1. A B C D
consequently in fact a t most although
7.3. A B C D
gain make take w in
7.2. A B C D
th o u g h t place space mind
7.4. A B C D
have found are finding have bee" rOL"G have cee"
women
needed
to
be
with regard to snakes and
spiders in order to protect the children they looked after. More modern phobias, on the other hand, such as the fear of flying or hospitals,
26
When
affect
both
sexes
Zadanie 9. (0-4) Przetłumacz na język angielski podane w nawiasach fragmenty zdań 9.1.-9.4., tak aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych fragm entów zdań. U waga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie pięć wyrazów. 9.1. (Nie ma sensu rozmawiać) ..
to her. She never listens to anyone.
9.2. Hurry up! We czekamy od)
...................................8 o'clock.
9.3. (Ani ty, ani n ikt in n y )...........
................... can help me now.
9.4. (Gdybyś tylko zadzwonił) ...
me, I could have helped you.
Wypowiedź pisemna
Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ie d z się na jeden z poniższych te m a tó w W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typow e dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. W iele różnych gatunków zwierząt jest trzymanych w niewoli w celu dostarczenia ludziom rozrywki. Obrońcy praw zwierząt uważają, że to okrutne, ale czy trzymanie zwierząt w niewoli ma również dobre strony? Napisz rozprawkę, w której wyrazisz swoją opinię na ten temat i podasz kontrargument. 2. Twój niedawny pobyt w hotelu był wyjątkowo przykrym doświadczeniem. W szczególności rozczarował Cię stan pokoju oraz jakość posiłków i obsługa w hotelowej restauracji. Napisz list do kierownika, w którym wyrazisz swoje niezadowolenie i zażądasz zwrotu pieniędzy.
27
1 Rozumienie ze słuchu Zadanie 1. (0-3) Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty.
Zadanie 2. (0-4) 9
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie cztery wypowiedzi
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą,
na tem at jedzenia. Do każdej wypowiedzi
zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A , B
(2.1.-2.4.) dopasuj odpowiadające jej zdanie
albo C.
(A -E ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej
Tekst 1. 1.1.
The w om an's intention is to A. impress the man. B. persuade the man. C. reassure the man.
wypowiedzi. The speaker A. doesn't mind the hereditary shape o f their body. B. was b ro ug ht up by undem onstrative parents.
Tekst 2.
C. finds it impossible to show restraint w ith food.
1.2.
D. says th a t in th e past body fa t was seen more
W hich o f the fo llo w in g is expressed as an o p in io n , n ot a fact? A. On average, girls get higher marks in exams than boys.
positively. E. thinks the diet they grew up on was from a bygone age.
B. Lessons tend to be aimed more at girls than boys. C. Several countries have similar overall exam results.
2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4.
Tekst 3. 1.3.
How should the news report be headlined? A. THIEF HELPS CATCH HIMSELF WITH PHOTOGRAPH B. VICTIM TAKES PHOTOGRAPH OF THIEF C. THIEF LEAVES PHOTOGRAPH AT CRIME SCENE
28
Zadanie 3. (0-5) 10
Usłyszysz dw ukrotnie wywiad na tem at tendencji w nauczaniu języków
obcych w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. 3.1. W h a t has been changing a bo ut Chinese heritage schools in America? A. Chinese-American parents are choosing them over public schools. B. More and more adults have been enrolling fo r evening classes. C. Economic g ro w th has led to th eir expansion all over America. D. Non-Asian students have become more com m on at them . 3.2. One explanation fo r the rise in interest in US Chinese heritage schools is th a t A. Americans w a n t to learn more a bo ut Eastern culture. B. more Americans are raising children from China. C. Chinese-Americans d o n 't use M andarin in th eir homes. D. 25% o f students at the schools are non-Asian. 3.3. W hich is true about the Chinese Am erican International School in San Francisco? A. Since 2012, it has started accepting non-Asian students. B. Students choose in w hich language they learn a subject. C. Only half o f its students speak English w hen they enrol. D. Students w ho come from Chinese families are a m inority there. 3.4. The city o f Chicago is used as an example in the report because A. in hundreds o f schools there, Mandarin is compulsory. B. other parts o f America are trying to be equally successful. C. most schools offer some form o f M andarin provision there. D. it has seen a dram atic rise in enrolm ents fo r M andarin classes. 3.5. In the interview, Mary A. talks about an emerging trend in Am erican education choices. B. recommends particular Chinese heritage schools to attend. C. describes the negative effect o f non-Chinese pupils on Chinese heritage schools. D. provides listeners w ith practical tips on g ettin g into Chinese heritage schools.
29
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4. (0-4) Przeczytaj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. Do każdego pytania (4.1.-4.4.) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. U waga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
MONEY WORRIES A. Money worries are one of the main
B. Money worries can have a devastating
causes
in our
effect on relationships. The physical effects of
modern performance-oriented society and
anxiety and stress are well documented.
it
several
Relationships and families that experience
significant health problems increase when
prolonged periods of stress and anxiety due
people
financial
to financial worries often find themselves not
situation. In fact, it was found that people
being able to cope. Couples who know they
with high stress levels were twice as likely
need to separate, but can’t afford to, continue
to have a heart attack compared with
to live together against their will, and staying
those
together
is
of stress a
and
well-known worry
who did
anxiety
fact
about
that
their
not worry about their
can
often
make
things
worse.
financial situation. So the Dalai Lama’s
Children are often badly affected by their
belief that man sacrifices his health in
parents’ arguments, and can end up feeling
order to make money cannot be denied
they are at fault. Some older children give up
and the effects seem to be far more
their education to get a job and help with the
widespread than we’d like to believe.
family finances.
c - According to one study, money worries may also temporarily make you less intelligent. Scientists found that less well-off people faced with a large, unexpected bill perform significantly worse than they would otherwise have done if they hadn’t had to worry about finance. Basically, this shows that people with less cash to spend do less well than other people in IQ tests. The difference in the results was equivalent to as much as 13 points on an average scale of 100, which is equivalent to the temporary mental impairment caused by the loss of an entire night's sleep, the scientists said.
30
In w hich paragraph does the author 4.1. m ention the im pact o f financial insecurity on parents? 4.2. refer to an action taken because o f a feeling o f guilt? 4.3. suggest th a t personal w ealth affects intellectual performance? 4.4. quote somebody's personal conviction to back up a point?
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1 -5 .4 . litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
HOUSE SWAP If you w ant to keep your holiday costs down this year, and you are a homeowner, why not consider a house swap? House swapping m eans finding a similar-sized fam ily to yours with a similar-sized hom e in the destination of your choice. 15.1. |
in doing this, you are cutting out the
second-greatest cost of a foreign holiday after travel - the accom m odation. And with more and more places on offer for you to choose from, this mode There are a num ber of holiday is growing in popularity all the time, 5.2. of different sites, but they all offer more or less the sam e service. You upload details of your property and location along with when and w here you want to holiday. The site then searches its database for som eone w ho fits your needs. Internet tools can also assuage the fears the average hom eowner feels This m inim ises the when handing their keys over to strangers, 5.3. possibility of criminals, con artists or other undesirables infiltrating your home. Once m atches are found, the hom eowners enter into correspondence to establish a relationship with one another, not being obliged to agree to anything until trust has grown. As long as they left everything in good order, people who have used the service previously will also have references and recomm endations from their fellow swappers. To experience foreign cultures w ithout being a typical tourist to the aim of m any travellers. Backpacking or lodging with a willing host fam ily are ways to achieve it, as long as you're willing to sacrifice com fort and privacy. 5.4.
|
W hat hom e swapping does is plant them in the middle of a real
residential area, in a real house or flat, with neighbours, local shops and everything else that entails. Enthusiasts talk about a more genuine experience, feel like they really got to know the area and, surprisingly often, return year after year, swapping with the sam e family and home.
32
A.
The adm inistrator w ill already have run a num ber o f searches to ensure th e members o f th e site are w h o they say they are.
B.
Provided th a t they also w a n t to visit your country at the same tim e o f year, you simply swap addresses fo r a w eek or tw o .
C.
Parents w h o w a n t th a t same a uth en ticity c a n 't rough it in th e same way, however, having th e ir children to w orry about.
D.
Indeed, only people looking to extend a hand o f hospitality w ou ld o ffe r th e ir homes in this way, as no charge is ever imposed on the guests.
E.
It used to be th a t house swapping was mainly done between friends and family, b u t w ith the help o f the Internet, it's easier than ever to find a match.
33
Zadanie 6. (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z tem atem małżeństwa. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. Tekst 1.
THE PROPOSAL
34
“He hasn't proposed, then?”
“Look here, Violet,” he said, and took her lightly
“No, he hasn’t.” A pause; then, reluctantly: “I
by the shoulders. “Don't be a little fool! You
haven't given him the opportunity.”
know as weii as I do that you weren’t made to
“Violet! Do you want to starve?”
live in poverty. The suggestion is so absurd
The speaker turned in his chair, and looked at
that it isn’t worth discussion. You’ll have to
the girl bending over the fire with a quick,
marry Kenyon. It’s as plain as daylight; and I
impatient frown on his handsome face. They
only wish my difficulties were as easily solved.
were twins, these two, the only representatives
Come! He isn’t such a bad person; and he’s
of a family that had been wealthy for a few
certainly better than starvation.”
generations, but whose wealth had gradually
The girl stood up slowly and faced him. Her
decreased due to the wild spending of recent
eyes were wild, like those of a hunted creature.
heads of the family, and then disappeared in a
“I hate him, Jerry! I hate him!” she declared.
business gamble.
“Nonsense!” said Jerry. “He's no worse than a
“You don’t seem to realise,” the young man
hundred others. You'd hate anyone under these
said, “that we are absolutely penniless. We’ve
terrible circumstances!”
lost
Railway
She shuddered. “I’d rather do anything,” she
scheme. It seemed a wonderful chance at the
said; “anything, down to selling matches in the
time. It ought to have brought in thousands. It
street.”
would have done, too, if it had been properly
“That isn't a practical idea,” pointed out Jerry.
supported. But it's no good talking about that.
“You would get pneumonia with the first east
The question now is, what is going to be done?
wind and die.”
You’ll have to marry that fellow, Violet. It's
“Well, then, I’d rather die.” The girl's voice
absolutely the only thing for you to do. And I ...
trembled with the intensity of her preference.
I suppose I must emigrate.”
But her brother frowned at the words.
The girl did not turn her head. She seemed
“For Heaven’s sake, don't be unreasonable!
tense.
Can’t you see that this is my greatest concern,
“I could emigrate too, Jerry,” she said, in a low
to have you provided for? You must marry. You
voice.
can’t live on charity.”
“You!” Her brother turned more fully round. ‘Are
Her cheeks reddened.
you mad?”
“But I can work,” she began. “I can ...”
She made a slight gesture of protest.
He interrupted her impatiently.
“Why shouldn't I?” she said. ‘At least we would
“You can’t. You haven’t the strength,
be together.”
probably not the ability either. It’s no use
everything
in
this
Winhalla
He uttered a grim laugh, and rose.
and
talking this sort of rubbish. It’s simply silly, and
into tears.
makes things worse for both of us. It’s all very
“Don’t! don’t!” he said.
well to say you’d rather starve, but when it
He stepped close to her as she leaned upon
comes to starving, you'll think differently. Look
the mantelpiece, all the hardness gone from
here, old girl: if you won’t marry this fellow for
his face. Had she known it, she could have
your own sake, do it for mine. I hate it just as
won the battle at that moment, for he would
much as you do. But it’s bearable, at least. And
have insisted no longer. But her emotions
there are some things I can’t bear.”
possessed her to the exclusion of everything
He stopped, but he stood firm, his young face
else.
set in hard lines.
“Oh, Jerry, go away!” she sobbed. “You're a
"Will you do it?” he said, as she did not speak.
perfect beast, and I’m another! But I’ll do it, I’ll
"Jerry!” she said desperately.
do it - for your sake, as I would do anything in
He prepared for further protest. But it did not
the world, though it's quite true that I’d rather
come. Her eyes were raised to his, and she
starve!”
saw there the uselessness of arguing. She
And Jerry, rather pale, but otherwise in control
remained absolutely still for some seconds,
of himself, patted her shoulder and told her
then abruptly she turned from him and burst
that he had always known she was sensible. A d a p te d from “The R ight M a n ” b y E the l M. D ell
6.1. The tw ins are short o f money because A. o the r members o f the fam ily have died. B. one o f them bet all th e ir money on a race. C. there have been disagreements over th eir fortune. D. th e ir relations' financial m anagem ent has been poor. 6.2. In Jerry's opinion A. Violet has far to o much anger in her. B. Violet w ill fall in love w ith Kenyon eventually. C. his problems are less easy to resolve than Violet's. D. Violet isn't suited to being single. 6.B. A t the end o f the conversation, Violet's brother feels A. surprised th a t Violet gave in so easily. B. unsettled by th e encounter w ith Violet. C. pleased to see Violet acting like her old self. D. reminded o f how em otional Violet could be.
35
Tekst 2. MARRIAGE In her book entitled Marriage, a History: How Love Conquered Marriage, Stephanie Coontz describes early marriage as a ‘strategical tool’ that had nothing to do with love or religion. She explains that back in 5th century CE Anglo-Saxon England people started using marriage to establish peaceful relationships and trading networks with others. Coontz claims that marriage served as a means of survival and a way to pacify your neighbour or former enemy instead of fighting with them. Who or when you married was often decided by tribal leaders, who matched children based on the importance of each family and other factors. There was little or no choice in it for the future couple. Later in the 11th century when Christianity and money were both widespread, the pairing of couples was dictated by money and this would remain so for centuries. Only in the 18th century did it become compulsory for a priest to perform a marriage and this was only for iegal and not religion reasons. In the Victorian era, women often married because they needed someone to support them. Love and religion actually played a very minor role in the majority of matrimonies that took place and, according to Coontz, an engagement was entered into just as two companies would approach a joint venture.
6.4. Before the 18th century A. people had no say over w ho they w ou ld marry. B. priests were n ot allowed to perform marriages. C. w om en chose th eir husbands fo r financial reasons. D. marriages were used to resolve conficts. 6.5. From both texts w e learn th a t w om en A. tended to marry fo r love. B. used to marry o u t o f necessity. C. could never choose w ho they w anted to marry. D. were often forced to marry by th e ir families.
Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 7. (0-4)
Zadanie 8. (0-4)
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi
Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij luki (8 .1 .-8 .4 .),
w ybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzym ać logiczny
przekształcając wyrazy podane w nawiasach
i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę
tak, aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie
A , B, C albo D.
poprawny tekst. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów .
THE VOICE LIFT
Wealthy people 7.1
surgery to make
ANCIENT FRUIT
themselves look younger for decades. Now
The
there’s
can
roots, and is mentioned in ancient Roman,
you sound younger too. ‘Voice lift’
Greek and even Egyptian texts. Without
a
7.2
procedure
available
that
humble
pomegranate
has
historical
operations are becoming all the rage among
8.1.........................(know) for
businessmen who are not happy with the
strongly believe it originated in ancient Persia,
sound of their own voice. The specialists
and it is referenced in Babylonian texts.
providing the treatment insist they aren’t
Suited to dry, hot summers, it is now grown in
merely indulging the vanity of their clients. It’s
Mediterranean and semi-arid climates across
a fact that from the age of around 30, the
the globe; in wetter regions it has a(n)
muscle
8.2.........................(tend)
tone
in
men’s
progressively weakens. 7.3
vocal
cords
sure, experts
to
suffer
root
their voices
damage from fungi. It is mainly prized for its
can become ineffective in meetings and
hard-skinned fruit, which opens to reveal
presentations. To put everything back into
hundreds or thousands of small juicy red
working 7.4......... , fat is surgically removed
seeds
from the stomach and injected into the vocal
8-3............................ (eat) as
they are
cords.
squeezed
are
packed
into
inside.
These
juice;they
can
be or
popular
additions to salads as wellas sweets. The 7.1. A. have been having
7.3. A. However
B. were having
B. Consequently
C. had been having
C. Nonetheless
D. had had
D. A dditionally
pomegranate
has
8.4........................ (symbol)
been in
art
used and
lite ra tu re throughout the ages, standing for th in g s as d iffe re n t as fertility, death, blood and
7.2. A. do
38
7.4. A. condition
B. turn
B. service
C. get
C. order
D. make
D. place
p ro sp e rity.
Zadanie 9. (0-4) Uzupełnij zdania (9 .1 .-9 .4 .), wstawiając podane w nawiasach wyrazy w odpowiedniej formie. Nie zmieniaj koiejności podanych wyrazów. Jeśli to konieczne, dodaj niezbędne elementy, aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów. Uwaga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie sześć wyrazów, wliczając w to wyrazy już podane. 9.1. You (n o t/e x p e c t/l) ....................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................. to w ear th at, do you? It's so old-fashioned. 9.2. Michelle called w hile you (ta ke /n a p ) ....................................................................................................................... so I to ld her to call back later. 9.3. W hen (h e /s u p p o s e /re tu rn )........................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................................. th e m oney he owes you? 9.4. He (m u st/m iss/tra in ) ................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................I can't see w hy else he w ou ld be here.
Wypowiedź pisemna Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ied z się na jeden z poniższych tematów. W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typow e dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. O becnie wielu studentów decyduje się odbyć przynajmniej część studiów na uczelni za granicą. Napisz
rozprawkę, w któ re j przedstawisz wady i zalety studiowania za granicą. 2. W ładze miasta, w
któ rym
mieszkasz, postanow iły wybudować parking w ielop ozio m o w y w
miejscu,
k tó re obecnie służy mieszkańcom jako miejsce wypoczynku. Napisz list do burmistrza lub prezydenta miasta, w któ rym wyjaśnisz, jak teren ten jest obecnie wykorzystyw any i wyrazisz swoją dezaprobatę dla pomysłu władz.
39
Rozumienie ze słuchu Zadanie 1. (0-3)
11
Zadanie 2. (0-4)
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty.
12 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą,
czterech osób o pewnych wydarzeniach.
zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B
Do każdej wypowiedzi (2.1.-2.4.) dopasuj
albo C.
odpowiadające jej zdanie (A -E ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli.
Tekst 1.
Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane
1.1. The speakers are A. travel agents.
dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
B. to u r guides. C. travel writers.
The speaker talks about A. an engine-powered event w ith no cash prizes.
Tekst 2.
B. the inspiration they get from the event.
1.2. W hich o f the fo llo w in g is stated as a fa c t, not an opinion? A. We shouldn't interfere w ith shipwrecks In any way.
C. the event being a real te st fo r the strongest o f muscles. D. the event dem anding superb team w ork. E. having to battle against a harsh environm ent.
B. Everybody has a b it o f treasure hunter in them . C. W hen a ship sinks It Is a real tragedy.
2.1. 2.2. 2.3.
Tekst 3. 1.3.
The news article is about A. a safe old age fo r hens. B. animal w elfare laws. C. raising hens fo r eggs and meat.
40
2.4.
Zadanie 3. (0-5) 13 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z weneckim gondolierem.
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D. 3.1. W hich is true a bo ut th e gondoliers in earlier times? A. They used animals in th eir w ork. B. They were from aristocratic families. C. They could become very rich. D. They were expected to keep secrets. 3.2. Jacopo says a difference betw een gondolas and cars is th a t A. gondolas require little maintenance. B. gondolas aren't m anufactured industrially. C. row ing a gondola improves your fitness. D. gondoliers d o n 't get so attached to them . 3.3. Jacopo argues th a t gondola rides are fairly priced because A. th e num ber o f people w ith gondolier skills is falling. B. people experience gondolas only once or tw ice in a lifetim e. C. gondoliers need to pay a lot fo r th eir
boats as well as living expenses.
D. politicians ensure there is a maximum th a t gondoliers can charge. 3.4. How did Jacopo persuade his fu tu re w ife to board his gondola? A. He made a joke about her. B. He said she was attractive. C. He to ld her she d id n 't need to pay. D. He revealed he fe lt sorry fo r her. 3.5. The interview is mainly about A. the history o f gondolas. B. the m ost interesting places in Venice. C. how gondolas are made. D. the w o rk and lives o f gondoliers.
41
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4. (0-4) Przeczytaj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. Do każdego pytania (4.1.-4.4.) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
BRAND PARTNERSHIPS A. Budget airlines have made holidays accessible
B- Not surprisingly, Air France has chosen
to many, but at the other end of the spectrum
to offer some of its customers the chance
premium airlines are increasingly looking to brand
to digest some prestige dishes. Business-
partnerships to help make themselves stand out
class passengers have been served dishes
from the crowd. The latest airline to follow this
designed
trend is Virgin Atlantic. The company recently
Roth. The eight-month promotion allows
asked famous British fashion designer Vivienne
passengers
Westwood, who is largely responsible for bringing
dishes. The gourmet menu is available on
modern punk and new wave fashions into the
all long-haul flights with the airline from
mainstream, to design its uniforms. And hot on
Charles
the heels of its deal with Westwood, it has
American airline company Delta has also
announced a partnership with luxury natural
announced a partnership with a luxury
beauty brand Dr Hauschka. Premium passengers
hotel chain, Westin
travelling through Virgin Clubhouses will now
business-class passengers on US flights
have access to a range of treatments from their
with in-flight amenities including 'Heavenly
therapists in certain UK airports.
Bed1blankets and pillows.
by
de
Michelin-star chef to
choose
Gaulle
from
airport
six
in
Michel main
Paris.
Hotels, to provide
Research into the trend has found that wealthy consumers welcome brand partnerships and have some specific collaborations in mind, while being aware of the potential risks involved. Consumers over the age of 50 were especially interested in travel-related collaborations involving airlines and cruises. The gender divide was also predictable, with men enthusiastic about partnerships that involved cars, while women preferred those connected to fashion, jewellery and beauty. Unexpectedly, survey respondents expressed a desire to see luxury brands partnering with a non-luxury outfit. It also found that half of customers agreed that the biggest risk for a luxury firm partnering with another brand was damage to the brand's image or reputation. A d a p te d from w w w .independent.ie a n d w w w .w arc.com . C onsulted 05/09/2013.
42
In w hich paragraph does the author 4.1. express surprise? 4.2. describe a tem porary offer? 4.3. refer to customers' expectations? 4.4. m ention a popular movement?
43
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1.-5.4. litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
IS THE FUTURE REALLY 3D PLASTIC? We’ve got used to being able to print travel documents and photographs in our own homes. In the near future, we are being told, we’ll become accustomed to being able to ‘print’ all kinds of goods, from bath plugs to toys, within our own walls. The reason inverted commas seem appropriate is that what these machines do is more like sculpting. 5.1. It’s easy to see the benefits 3D printing can bring to industry. In fact engineers and designers have used the technology to create prototype and experimental products for decades. It may well be harder, however, to convince people that what their leisure time lacks is a mini-factory, and that they should make room in their homes for one. |5.2.|
But their capabilities seem somewhat limited
when you consider their cost. You can expect to pay something around $1,300 for a 3D printer that can produce nothing bigger than a pair of novelty shoes that are the same colour all over. The company behind it is presenting it as a way of making toys such as soldier figures and chess pieces at a fraction of shop prices, even including the cost of the plastic. That may be so, but the challenge may be to find a child who is happy to have monochrome playthings that all have the same texture. 5.3.
The downsides are that it’s
the size of an oven and it costs around $2,000. One of the reasons we should be willing to invest in the technology, according to the chief executive of one 3D printing firm, is that it has the potential to save humanity. He says that if an apocalypse happens, people can use 3D printers to build the things they can no longer buy. 5.4. Another criticism of his optim istic standpoint is that there may not be any electricity to power the machines in such a scenario!
44
A.
To be fair, there are now 3D printers in existence th a t aren't much bigger than food processors.
B.
It m ig ht be argued, o f course, th a t they w ill only help to usher in any end to civilisation by encouraging people to waste the w orld's resources on non-essential items.
C.
M ost commercial 3D printers today use plastic to create objects, but potentially any material could be used, including edible foodstuffs.
D.
They m elt dow n plastic, then discharge it in layers to form a shape based on a design chosen, or created, by the operator.
E.
A leading home 3D printer manufacturers has unveiled a more
advanced
machine th a t can
build
more visually
appealing items by incorporating tw o colours on th e same design.
45
Zadanie 6. (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z depresją. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D. T ekst 1.
It is very seldom that mere ordinary people like John and myself secure ancestral halls for the summer. A colonial mansion! Still, I will declare that there Is som ething queer about It. O r else, why would it be let so cheaply? And why had it stood so long untenanted? John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in m arriage. John is practical in the extrem e. He has no patience with faith, an Intense horror of superstition, and he scoffs openly at any ta lk of things not to be felt and seen and put down in figures. John is a doctor, and perhaps ... (I w ould not say this to a living soul, but it’s a great relief to m y mind to com m it it to paper) ... perhaps that is one reason I’m not getting well faster. You see, he does not believe I am sick! And w hat can one do? If a doctor of high standing, and one’s own husband, assures frien ds and relatives that there Is really nothing the m atter w ith one but tem porary nervous depression, w hat is one to do? My brother is also a doctor, and also of high standing, and he says the same thing. So I take pills and tonics, journeys and air and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to ‘w ork’ until I am well again. Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good. But w hat is one to do? I did w rite for a w hile in spite of them ; but it does exhaust me a good deal, having to be so sly about It. I som etim es w onder if my condition w ould ease if ! had more society and stim ulus ... but John says the v e ry w orst thing I can do Is to think about my condition, so I will talk instead about the house. T he m ost beautiful place! It Is quite alone, standing well back from the road, quite three m iles from the village. It m akes me th in k of English places that you read about, for there are hedges and w alls and gates that lock, and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and such people. I never saw such a garden - large and shady. There were greenhouses, too, but they are all broken now. There was some legal trouble, I believe, something about the heirs and co-heirs; anyhow, the place has been em pty for years. There Is something strange
46
about the house - I can feel it. I even said so to John one moonlit evening, but he said what i felt was a draught, and shut the window. I get unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I’m sure I never used to be so sensitive. I think it is due to this nervous condition. I don't like our room a bit. I wanted one downstairs that opened on the piazza and had roses all over the window, and pretty old-fashioned chintz hangings, but John would not hear of it. He said there was only one w indow there and not enough room for tw o beds, and no room close by for him if he took another. He Is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me m ove w ithout special direction. I have m edication scheduled for each hour in the day; he takes com plete care of it for me, and so I feel so ungrateful for not valuing it more. He said we cam e here solely on m y account, that I w as to have perfect rest and all the air I could get. “Your exercise depends on your strength, m y dear,” he said, “and your food som ew hat on your appetite; but air you can absorb all the time.” So we took the nursery at the top of the house. It is a big, airy room, the w hole flo or nearly, with w indow s th a t look all ways, with air and sunshine galore, it w as a nursery first and then a playroom , I think, for the w indow s are barred for little children, and there are rings and things in the walls. The paint and paper look as if a boys’ school had used it. It is stripped off in great patches ail around the head of my bed. I never saw a worse paper in my life. It has one of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns. The colour is repellent, alm ost revolting; a sm ouldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight. No w onder the children hated it! I w ould myself, if I had to live in this room long. W e have been here tw o w eeks, and I haven’t felt like w riting before, since that first day. I am sitting by the w indow now, up in this atrocious nursery, and there is nothing to hinder me from w riting as m uch as i please, other than lack of strength.
A d a p te d fro r- T he Yellow W allpaper" b y C harlotte Perkins Gilman
6.1. The narrator describes her husband as someone w ho A. is very careful w ith th e ir money. B. exhibits a good sense o f humour. C. likes to get things done quickly. D. prefers to deal w ith rational matters. 6.2. W h a t has been m aking the narrator tired recently is A. having draining disagreements w ith her relatives. B. having to conceal her actions from her family. C. th inking about her illness and the house to o much. D. setting o u t her real feelings in w ritin g . 6.3. The narrator says she thinks she should feel more A. determ ination to stand up fo r herself. B. appreciation fo r her husband's care. C. enjoym ent o f th e situation. D. confidence th a t the house is safe.
47
T ekst 2.
Born
48
on
3rd
July,
1860
in
Hartford
separated
from
her
husband,
a
rare
Connecticut, USA, Charlotte Perkins Gilman
occurrence in the late nineteenth century, and
was a writer and feminist who campaigned for
moved
social reform. While only an infant, Charlotte’s
California,
father abandoned the family and left it in an
several feminist and reformist organisations
impoverished state. Her childhood was often
and earned a living from lecturing.
lonely and Charlotte had to learn how to read
In 1890, she wrote fifteen essays, poems, a
and write mostly by herself. At the age of
novella,
eighteen she enrolled in Rhode Island School
autobiographical
of Design and later became an artist and
Wallpaper.
teacher.
diagnosed with breast cancer and being an
In 1884 she married and had a child, but
advocate for euthanasia for the terminally ill
following childbirth, she developed a mental
she committed suicide on 17th August, 1935.
depression, which would have a profound
Charlotte Perkins Gilman served as a role
effect on her life because men considered
model for future generations of feminists
women
hysterical beings and
because of her unorthodox concepts and
wasn’t
taken
seriously.
her illness
Charlotte
soon
lifestyle.
with
her
daughter
where
and In
she
her
January
Pasadena,
became
now
short
to
active
famous
story 1932,
The she
in
semiYellow was
6.4. According to the text, A. C harlotte lived an unconventional life fo r her times. B. men's attitudes to w om en caused C harlotte's depression. C. divorce was n o t uncom m on in C harlotte's tim e. D. C harlotte's husband divorced her because o f her illness. 6.5. W e learn from both texts th a t in the 19th century A. w om en often suffered depression after childbirth. B. doctors co u ld n 't do much to tre a t m ental diseases. C. m ost doctors d id n 't take depression very seriously. D. men used to believe th a t w om en were hysterical.
49
IST
Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 7. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D.
PET FIT CLUB According to research by the PDSA animal charity, around one in three dogs and one in four cats are overweight. The charity says that so many people 7.1
their animals too many fatty treats that
soon 50% of the nation’s pets will be unhealthily large. Dogs and cats may not 7.2......... the psychological effects of obesity, but being fat does severely affect their overall health and life expectancy. With this in mind, the charity started Pet Fit Club. Pet owners have their animals take part in a supervised weight loss programme. The pet that makes the 7.3
progress wins a weekend in
a luxury hotel for itself and its owners - as well as a year’s supply of healthy food! The winner of the first Pet Fit Club in 2012 was a seven-year-old King Charles spaniel nicknamed Jumbo Jack. At his fattest, Jack reached 20.5 kg - more than twice his ideal weight. Fie was constantly panting, couldn’t lie down comfortably and could 7.4 14.1 kg, Jack regained the ability to run around and play and his owner says he ............................................
is noticeably happier.
7.1. A. are fed
B‘ could feed _ , D.
C. have fed
7.2. A. stand
7.3. A. to p
B' suffer are feeding
^
walk. By slimming down to 7.4. A. poorly
B' overa" C. tolerate
D. comprehend
^
D. m ost
B' bare|y
C. main C. infrequently
,
D. uselessly
Zadanie 8. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij każdą lukę (8 .1 .-8 .4 .), przekształcając jeden z w yrazów z ramki w taki sposób, aby powstał spójny i logiczny tekst. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów. U w aga: dwa w yrazy zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki. Influence
consequence
summary
extend
guide
control
SCREEN DANGERS Parents aren’t receiving nearly enough 8.1........................... from governments on how much time they should let their children spend using electronic devices with screens. That’s the view of Dr Aric Sigman, a psychologist who has studied the 8.2.............................research that has been done in recent years into the effects that TV, computers, games consoles and smartphones have on young children who use them. Dr Sigman has a particular interest in the way in which staring at screens for long periods makes children less able to pay attention to any one thing. To 8.3 the scientific thinking on this, continuously moving from one set of images on a screen to another leads to an unnatural increase in a brain chemical called dopamine, which is a key component of the brain’s reward system. Youngsters whose online activities result in them experiencing high levels of dopamine can 8.4...........................develop an addiction to their gizmos.
50
J Zadanie 9. (0-4) Przetłumacz na język angielski podane w nawiasach fragmenty zdań 9.1.-9.4., tak aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. W ym agana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych fragm entów zdań. U w aga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie pięć wyrazów. 9.1. Jerry (musiał być zdenerwowany) .....................................
.....................He doesn't like to lose.
9.2. (Może zadzwonisz do) .........................................................
A nthony? I'm sure he w ould help.
9.3. Someone stole my phone kiedy nie patrzyłem) ........... 9.4. If I had know n they were so heavy, (pomógłbym Ci)
.. carry those boxes.
Wypowiedź pisemna Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ied z się na jeden z poniższych tematów. W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typowe dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. Ponieważ starzenie się społeczeństwa zwiększa finansowe obciążenie kraju, na wyspie W ight uruchomiono program współpracy wolontariackiej, w ramach którego wolontariusze pomagają starszym osobom. W zamian za każdą godzinę pracy wolontariackiej otrzymują godzinę opieki, z której skorzystają, gdy sami będą już starzy. Napisz rozprawkę, w której wyrazisz i uzasadnisz swoją opinię na temat tego pomysłu. 2. W centrum miasta, w którym mieszkasz, wzmożony ruch uliczny powoduje hałas i zanieczyszczenie środowiska. Od pewnego czasu skarżą się na to mieszkańcy centrum i pracujący tam handlarze. Napisz list do burmistrza, w którym opiszesz problem i zaproponujesz rozwiązania, które poprawią sytuację.
51
W Rozumienie ze słuchu Zadanie 1. (0-3) 14 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą,
Zadanie 2. (0-4) 15
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
czterech osób o schorzeniach, na które
zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B
cierpią. Do każdej wypowiedzi (2.1.-2.4.)
albo C.
dopasuj odpowiadające jej zdanie (A -E ). W p isz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane
Tekst 1.
dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej
1.1.
wypowiedzi.
The speakers are talking about A. the skills o f journalists. B. some research ideas.
The speaker
C. a reaction to th e ir w ork.
A. feels a medical disorder robbed them o f th eir youth.
Tekst 2. 1.2.
W hich w ou ld be the best title fo r the news
B. has no control over one part o f th eir body. C. has a problem th a t is triggered by intense feelings.
story?
D. lacks the ability to recognise acquaintances.
A. MAN'S HOUSE DEMOLISHED
E. suffers from an extreme reaction to
B. MAN AIRLIFTED TO HOSPITAL
a widespread substance.
C. MAN REFUSED MEDICAL TREATMENT 2.1. Tekst 3.
2.2.
1.3.
2.3.
The speech is given in order to A. argue against an opinion. B. gain the audience's support. C. introduce a new concept.
52
2.4.
Zadanie 3. (0-5)
16
Usłyszysz dw ukrotnie wywiad z członkiem rodziny
wędrownych cyrkowców. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D. 3.1. W h a t Paula finds particularly d ifficu lt abo ut her w o rk is A. having to wake up so early. B. w orking on weekends. C. th e late nights. D. th e constant travel. 3.2. Paula w ou ld like non-show people to realise th a t showpeople A. have traditional dating practices. B. only start relationships after th e age o f 18. C. w ou ld like to socialise w ith non-showpeople. D. allow th eir family to choose th e ir partners. 3.3. As a schoolgirl, Paula A. impressed her teachers. B. dreamed o f going to university. C. did her hom ew ork w ith in a moving vehicle. D. g o t into trouble fo r n ot com pleting assignments. 3.4. W h a t kind o f skills does Paula say showpeople have? A. financial B. acting C. musical D. practical 3.5. W h a t does Paula w a n t to accomplish by talking a bo ut her life? A. to clear up m isunderstandings B. to dem onstrate academic ability C. to prom ote her family's business D. to improve her living conditions
53
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4. (0-4) Przecz/taj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. D o każdego pytania (4.1.-4.4.) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. U waga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
SAVING ON CAR INSURANCE A. According to research, London drivers
B. Another serious
face the highest insurance premiums in the
vehicle security. While motor crime in the
country. You can’t do much about London’s
capital fell in the 12 months to August 2012,
population density, buoyant crime rates and
the total figure still stood at an unhealthy
mixed neighbourhoods, but there are some
95,193 incidents. There are some basic
simple steps you can take to save money.
steps
Firstly, it’s important to consider your mileage.
vulnerability. Nowadays, most cars have got
If your insurer knows you drive rarely, you’ll
immobilisers and alarms, but make sure
be judged less likely to get into an accident
your insurer knows that you have them
and therefore less likely to launch a claim for
installed. A tracking device designed to
damage. While it’s important to be honest
activate in the event of theft is another way to
about how much you expect to drive, there’s
get a reduced premium. You could also save
space for flexibility without voiding your
money by parking off road or in a garage.
coverage. While each insurer will have a
Even if a local garage charges you £20 a
different attitude, all will have a degree of
month to stow your car, safe storage could
tolerance. If you overshoot by 1,000 miles,
trim another 5 to 10 per cent off your
your insurer will probably be lenient.
premium.
you
can
issue
take
to
in
London
reduce
is
your
c - One of the biggest factors in determining your premium is the make and model of your car. Insurers grade them on a progressive ranking system - from one to 50, with 50 the most costly. If you drive a luxury sports car, insurance is unlikely to be among your most pressing costs. But similar cars can be treated very differently and, if you’re buying a new car, it’s worth checking its classification in advance. Ultimately, your premiums w ill o n ly come down if you shop around and tailor your policy properly to your needs. Car insurers don’t usually reward loyalty, so make sure you’re not being taken for a ride. B A S E D ON: h ttp://w w w .cityam .com /articie/three-w ays-savecash-costiy-iondon-car-insurance#sthash. U f9XsLnu. d p u f
54
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1.-5.4. litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
BOYS’ HIGH HOPES FOR THEIR LOW HEELS Many women wouldn’t dream of having a night on the town wearing anything other than high-heeled shoes. The problem with them, of course, is that what the wearer gains in glamour, she loses in practicality. The higher the heel, the more difficult it becomes to walk elegantly and safely. 5.1. A solution for women who want to wear heels but still feel mobile at the end of the evening has now come from an unlikely source. Four teenage boys from Leeds in England have designed a highheeled shoe that can easily be converted into a flat shoe. The idea, which is simple yet ingenious, came to one of the youngsters when he saw a group of women walking barefoot with their shoes in their hands late at night. |5.2.|
The result is
instantly lower shoes as well as extra support for the rear of the foot. So confident were they that they were on to a winner that they put their concept forward for a business and enterprise competition run by York University, with each taking a role in a particular aspect of the venture.
5.3. |
Their professional
approach and the potential of their design convinced the judges to award them the first prize. One of them said they had been particularly impressed with their presentation skills and ability to use humour to sell the concept. It seems that the boys’ success may have only just begun. Shortly after their competition win, one of America’s most prestigious magazines, Vanity Fair, approached them with a view to featuring the prototype of their invention. 15.4. |
It might not
be long, then, before their HiLo Heels brand is a household name.
56
/
Test 5 A.
Over tim e, this puts a lot o f strain on the knee jo in t and can lead to perm anent damage.
B.
One to ok on the challenge o f product innovation, one assumed a leadership position, and the others focused on finance and sales respectively.
C.
The new shoe has a heel whose tip can be folded forwards to a 90-degree angle and then locked in place.
D.
And even w ith the best sense o f balance in the w orld, you're still at risk o f getting your stilettos caught in gaps in the pavement.
E.
W hat's more, the technology g ia nt Google has also expressed an interest in the shoe.
57
Zadanie 6. (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z tem atem przestępczości. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. Tekst 1. Her room was on the ground floor, and mine directly
You seem to have qualities that may be trusted. But
above it, so that my opportunities for seeing her were
the man capable of helping me needs the strongest
limited to short glimpses of her head as she leaned out
motives that influence humanity: courage, devotion,
of the window to close or open her shutters. Yet our
discretion, and a total forgetfulness of self. Such
chance encounters had made so deep an impression
qualifications cannot be looked for in a stranger.”
upon me that I was never without the vision of her pale
As if with these words she had dismissed me from her
face set off by auburn hair - for me the symbol of
thoughts, she turned her back upon me. Then, as If
everything beautiful, incomprehensible and strange.
recollecting the courtesy due even to strangers, she
For my fellow lodger was a mystery.
cast me an apologetic glance over her shoulder and
I was sitting at my open window one night when I heard
hurriedly added: “ I am bewildered by my loss. Leave
a sharp exclamation from below. Any utterance from
me to the torment of my thoughts. You can do nothing
those lips would have attracted my attention, but this
for me.”
one was filled with extraordinary emotion.
Had there been the least evidence of falsity in her, I
Thrusting out my head, I cast my eyes downward. A
would have taken her at her word and left. But the
shutter swinging in the wind and the escaping figure
candour of the woman and the reality of her emotion
of a man hurrying round the corner of the street were
were not to be questioned, and, moved by an impulse
all that were apparent. I then saw her thrust her head
as irresistible as it was foolhardy, I cried with the
out of the window. Peering
impetuosity of my twenty-one years: “I am ready to risk
right and
left, she
murmured som e suppressed words mixed with gasps
my life for you. Why, I do not know and do not care to
of such strong feeling that I involuntarily called out:
ask. I only know you could have found no other man so
“Excuse me, madam, have you been frightened in
willing to do your bidding.”
any way by the man I saw running away from here a
A smile crossed her lips and Immediately vanished. “I
mom ent ago?”
can read faces,” said she, “and I have read yours. You
She glanced up. Meeting my eye, she stammered: “Did
will do for me what I cannot do for myself, b u t ... Have
you see a man running away from here? Oh, sir, if I
you a mother living?”
might have a word with you!”
I answered no; that I was very nearly without relatives
It was with anything but an air of quiet self-possession
or ties. “I am glad,” she said, half to herself. Then with a
that I approached the threshold I had never before
last searching look, “Have you not even a sweetheart?”
dared to cross, even in fancy. The door was open and I
I must have reddened painfully, for she drew back with
saw she was contemplating her right hand with a look
a hesitating and troubled air; but the vigorous protest I
of terror.
hastened to make seemed to reassure her.
“Oh!” she cried, with a welcoming gesture, “you are the
“I have lost a ring.” She spoke in a low but hurried tone.
gentleman from upstairs. Would you know the man you
“It was snatched from my finger as I reached out to
saw if you saw him again?”
close my shutters. Someone must have been lying in
“I am afraid not,” I replied.
wait; someone who knows my habits and the hour at
“Oh!” she moaned, bringing her hands together in
which I close my window. The loss I have sustained is
dismay. But, immediately straightening herself, she met
greater than you can conceive. To the man who can
my look with one as direct as my own. “I need a friend,”
bring back that ring, I will devote the gratitude of a
she said, “and I am surrounded by strangers.”
lifetime. Are you willing to attempt the endeavour? It is a
She then declared, “I have noticed you before tonight.
task I cannot give to the police.”
A d a p te d from “The B ronze H a n d ” b y A n na K atharine Green
58
6.1. Being invited to speak to the w om an made the narrator
A. experience a degree o f shyness. B. try hard to make a good impression. C. unable to hide his nervousness. D. imagine th e ir relationship changing. 6.2. The w om an to ld the narrator she needed someone w h o was
A. respectful o f privacy. B. fam iliar w ith her character. C. trained in the task concerned. D. skilled in the art o f disguise. 6.3. According to the w om an, the th e ft was
A. to o cunning for the authorities to solve. B. more upsetting than it appeared. C. designed to cause her maximum distress. D. painful physically and emotionally.
Tekst 2.
Recently released figures show that overall crime has fallen over the past two years but theft from a person has gone up by 10%. This worrying trend Is believed to be largely due to the continued increase in the thefts of smartphones and other handheld popular gadgets. According to police, mobile phones are the most common item stolen in public and over a quarter of these robberies involved a knife or other sharp object. Many objects are stolen while their owner is distracted by something else. Thefts from private homes and other buildings, including churches, also went up by five per cent. The city mayor praised police for the overall reduction in crime, but acknowledged that more needs to be done to fight muggings and opportunistic thefts, saying that he believes that the latest crime statistics show the ongoing determination of the police to fight crime and keep our city streets safe. According to him, the reduction in crime and the rise in public confidence are largely due to increased efficiencies within the police service
and
its community outreach
programme.
However, as it is his understanding that still more needs to be done, he is soon to announce the launch of a new awareness campaign that will incite the public to take simple but effective steps to prevent themselves from becoming victims.
60
6.4. W hich o f the fo llo w in g is stated In the te xt as a fact, n ot an opinion. A. The statistics show th a t the police are determ ined to fig h t crime. B. The m ost frequently stolen item in public is th e mobile phone. C. The reduction in crime is due to better policing. D. M ore needs to be done to reduce crime. 6.5. In both texts w e learn A. th e ft can cause particular distress to the victim. B. people are n ot aware how easily it is to rob them . C. most thieves distract owners before stealing from them . D. thieves often strike w hen people are busy w ith som ething.
61
Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 7. (0-4)
Zadanie 8. (0-4)
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi
Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij każdą lukę (8.1.-8.4.) jednym wyrazem, tak aby powstał spójny i logiczny tekst. Wymagana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów.
w ybierz właściwą, ta k aby otrzym ać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A , B, C albo D.
THE FIRST CAR RACES Formula 1 racing involves multi-million pound
DOGGY DIETS
cars, cutting edge technology and drivers
Dogs are not the tidiest of eaters, which is
who are as highly trained as any athlete. The
probably why ‘a dog’s breakfast’ became a
first car races were a far 7.1
from that.
slang term for a messy piece of work. But
Shortly after the invention and creation of the
perhaps now we can forgive 8.1...................... .
first
races
because it seems a morning meal is just as
up, but the first two were purely solo
important to our canine friends as it is to us.
efforts. The first, in 1887, was a race of 1.2
The findings come from the University of
miles, put on by a Parisian magazine and
Kentucky in the United States. Researchers
won by a certain Georges Bouton - but only
there made trained search dogs try to find a
because no other car turned up. Then, in
treat hidden in one of six containers. The dogs
1891, a car was allowed to take part in the
were much more accurate in their searches
Paris-Brest-Paris bicycle race. By the time
after
the car arrived in Brest, the winning cyclist
8.2........................
had already made it back to Paris. The
without food. However, the wild relatives of
manufacturers,
domestic dogs, wolves, do not share this
petrol-driven
7.2
automobiles,
7.3.........
were
perfectly
they
had when
had
gone
reliance
travelled
any
because our pet dogs, like us, eat a diet high
motorised vehicle had before. It would not be
in carbohydrates, 8.3........................ leads to
long, though, before cars were 7.4........
rises and falls in blood sugar levels that affect
bicycles in their dust.
their brains. Wolves, on the other hand, derive
times
7.1. A. shout
further
than
7.3. A. consequently
8.4
regular
they
breakfast
satisfied with the car's performance - it had three
on very
eaten
meals. This
is
their physical and mental
B. scream
B. nonetheless
energy from raw meat and fat. Although this
C. cry
C. therefore
diet means their bodies are in constant
D. yell
D. although
‘survival’ mode, it significantly lessens the
7.2. A. were being set
7.4. A. making
B. had been set
B. sending
C. were setting
C. taking
D. had set
D. leaving
degree to which they suffer blood sugar fluctuations.
Zadanie 9. (0-4) W ykorzystując w yrazy podane drukowanymi literami, uzupełnij każde zdanie z luką, tak aby zachować sens zdania wyjściowego (9 .1 .-9 .4 .). W ym agana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych fragm entów zdań. Uwaga: nie zmieniaj form y podanych wyrazów. 9.1. I've never been here before. TIME
It's the ............................................................................ ................................................................................. here.
9.2. We like the idea o f you taking on the project. HOPING
.......................................................................................... ......................................................take on the project.
9.3. It w a sn 't necessary fo r you to buy me a present. BOUGHT
You .................................................................................. me a present.
9.4. To wash the car before driving into the country makes no sense. WORTH
.......................................................................................... ............................................................................ the car before driving into the country.
V
Wypowiedź pisemna Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ied z się na jeden z poniższych tem atów. W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typow e dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. PrzeczytałeśAaś ogłoszenie o tym, że sklep z pamiątkami z Twojej miejscowości poszukuje osoby do pracy w charakterze sprzedawcy. Napisz list, w którym zgłosisz swoją kandydaturę, i wyjaśnisz, dlaczego Twoim zdaniem nadajesz się do tej pracy. 2. W krajach rozwiniętych często zdarza się, że ludzie w podeszłym wieku są umieszczani przez swoje dzieci w domach opieki. Napisz rozpraw kę, w której przedstawisz swoją opinię na ten temat i podasz jeden z możliwych kontrargumentów.
63
i Rozumienie ze słuchu Zadanie 1. (0-3) 17 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty.
Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą,
Zadanie 2. (0-4) 18 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
czterech osób o miastach, które lubią.
zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B
Do każdej wypowiedzi (2.1.-2.4.) dopasuj
albo C.
odpowiadające jej zdanie (A -E ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli.
Tekst 1. 1.1.
Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane
W hat relationship do the speakers have w ith the boy they are talking about?
dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
A. They are the boy's classmates. B. They are the boy's teachers. C. They are the boy's parents.
The speaker says th a t A. it is the ideal location fo r touring. B. a centuries-old tra d itio n continues there. C. party animals m ig ht enjoy themselves there.
Tekst 2. 1.2.
D. to see it involves some physical effort.
W hat is th e genre o f book the speaker presents?
E. a dessert is its local speciality.
A. fantasy B. science fiction C. th riller
2.1. 2.2. 2.3.
Tekst 3. 1.3.
2.4.
W hich o f the follow ing is stated in the news report as an opinion, not a fact? A. The transport system w ill allow people to travel very quickly. B. The inventor o f the system is very wealthy. C. The new system w ill be less costly than the train.
64
Zadanie 3. (0-5) 19 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie w ypow iedź na tem at uzależnień. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. 3.1. Jane says one o f the reasons behind her addiction was A. loneliness. B. the demands o f her job. C. loss o f a loved one. D. an accident. 3.2. W hen Jane first started using sleeping pills, she found they A. were inexpensive. B. affected her concentration. C. had no side effects. D. were harmful. 3.3. W h a t happened w hen Jane tried to stop taking the pills? A. She w ou ld fall asleep during the day. B. Her shoulder started to hurt again. C. Her sleep became less deep. D. She became d ifficu lt to w o rk w ith . 3.4. Jane advises people trying to beat a sleeping pill addiction to A. stay positive. B. do a physical activity. C. join her campaign. D. expect it to take a long tim e. 3.5. Jane's intention is to A. explain how she finally beat her addiction. B. w arn people about the dangers o f sleeping pills. C. describe how she became addicted to sleeping pills. D. complain about the medical profession's a ttitu d e to drugs.
65
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych Zadanie 4. (0-4) Przeczytaj poniższy tekst, podzielony na trzy akapity. Do każdego pytania (4.1.-4.4.) dopasuj właściwy akapit (A -C ). W pisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Uwaga: jeden akapit pasuje do dwóch pytań.
MOTIVATION AT WORK A. British
philosopher
Bentham
B- Psychologist Abraham Maslow developed
developed the ‘carrot and stick’ theory of
the theory of Hierarchy of Needs in the
motivation during the Industrial Revolution of
1940s. He placed people’s needs into five
the 19th century. He believed that there are
categories ranging from basic survival needs
two basic elements that motivate people at
like food and shelter to the need for self-
work, fear and incentive. Some workers are
actualisation.
motivated by the fear of being reprimanded
someone satisfies one need they seek to
by a supervisor while others are motivated
achieve
by praise from a superior, the desire to earn
workplace,
money or the possibility of increasing status
employee who has been out of work for
and power by ‘moving up the social ladder’.
some time will likely be motivated by the
The
meaning,
need for basic survival while someone who
referring to cart driver dangling a carrot in
hopes for career advancement would need
front of a hungry mule and holding a stick
more responsibility. Therefore, a boss must
behind it. The mule would move towards the
understand
carrot, while also moving away from the stick
employee in order to know what will motivate
behind to avoid punishment.
them.
theory
has
a
Jeremy
figurative
According
the
next it
the
to
him,
level. Applied
means
current
a
once to
the
recently-hi red
needs
of
each
C. American psychologist Frederick Herzberg developed the Two Factor theory in 1959 after interviewing over 200 accountants and engineers. His theory states that different factors in the work environment, which he called ‘hygiene factors’, result in either satisfaction or dissatisfaction. He suggested that factors like achievement, recognition and advancement lead to satisfaction while those causing dissatisfaction include work conditions, salary and peer relationships. The theory implies that supervisors must be able to manage all the factors that lead to satisfaction and dissatisfaction in order to successfully motivate employees.
66
In which paragraph does th e author 4.1. refer to a survey o f employees? 4.2. explain a thinker's analogy? 4.3. ta lk about interaction between colleagues? 4.4. m ention the effect o f unem ploym ent?
Zadanie 5. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. W pisz w luki 5.1.-5.4. litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A -E ), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.
HOW YOUR RECYCLING IS PREPARED FOR ITS REBIRTH Britain’s recycling centres have never been busier.
fall out of one p articula r side. 5.2. |
Since 2010, all UK local authorities have had to
then separated from the plastic bottles using a
organise
from
pow erful m agnet and are sent to specialist sites to
the
be rem ade into cans. The bottles are separated by
m aterial people put in th eir recycling bins? I visited
hand into three categories of plastic that, betw een
N orfolk’s m ain household recycling plant to find out.
them , have a surprising array of uses. 5.3.
The first part of the recycling centre process is far
Recycling centres process tw o types of paper -
from
new spapers
collections
h ouseholds
by
hi-tech.
of
recyclable
law. So
W orkers
w ha t
w aste
happens
exam ine
the
to
unsorted
m agazines,
which
eventually
m aterial as it passes by them on a conveyor belt
becom e tom orrow ’s publications, and lower-quality
and
for
‘m ixed’ paper, w hich is used for packaging for the
Pieces of cardboard are also
gathered by hand at this stage. T hey are then
likes of cereal boxes. Special attention is given to the publications. 5.4. A special m achine separates
m anually
recycling.
5.1.
remove
anything
unsuitable
bound tightly together and put aside, ready to be
them from the rest of the paper, then each type of
tu rn ed into boxes and o the r packaging.
paper passes
T he paper, bottles and cans are then all tipped into
detects any non-paper substances, w hich need to
an im pressive sorting m achine. It’s designed to
be rem oved to m ake the paper pure enough to go to
separate the
paper mills.
paper from
the three-dim ensional
item s by shaking them so that the cans and bottles
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and
T he cans are
under an
infrared
scanner. This
A.
Not only do they make up 50% o f the recyclable material the centre deals w ith , they also have the highest m onetary value.
B.
They include car parts, building
Insulation,
road signs,
material fo r pillows and garden furniture. C.
It seems n ot everybody in the county is aware th a t only paper, cardboard, plastic bottles and metal cans count as recyclables under the roadside collection scheme.
D.
This is w hy people are asked not to crush containers they recycle through th e service.
E.
In fact, loose tops and lids can get caught in th e moving parts, causing the machines to break dow n.
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Zadanie 6, (0-5) Przeczytaj dwa teksty związane z instrumentem muzycznym. Z podanych odpowiedzi w ybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B, C albo D. Tekst 1.
THE VIOLIN “ No, Anton, I have told you m any tim es, you m ustn’t
theatre there. He had gone into the theatre very
sell it until I am gone.”
young, and had been there all his life, until a
“ But I need m oney; w ha t good is that old violin to
sudden illness w eakened his arm.
you? Even the birds laugh when you try to play it.
T hose w ere great days at the theatre. He had plenty
Your hand shakes so m uch you can hardly hold the
to d rin k then, and w ore a dress coat every evening,
bow. You’ll com e with me to cut w ood tomorrow.
and there w ere always parties after the play. Once,
M ake sure you’re up early.”
a French w om an starred at the theatre. He did not
“W hat, on a Sunday, Anton, and w hen it is so cold?
rem em ber her face very well, for it was never the
I get so very cold, my son. Let’s not go tomorrow.”
sam e tw ice. But he rem em bered the beauty of it.
“Yes, tom orrow, you lazy old man. Don’t I cut wood
M ost of all he rem em bered her voice. T he last night
on Sundays? Do I care how cold it is? You’ll cut
she played a part in which a man touched her arm ,
w ood, and as for the violin, I tell you I w ill sell it.”
and she stabbed him. Peter had w atched in w onder
Anton pulled his cap down and w ent out. The old
from below the stage. Peter w ent hom e to his wife
m an pulled his stool near the fire, and sat stroking
ve ry drunk th a t night. Even in those days he w as a
his violin w ith trem bling fingers, muttering, “ Not
foolish fellow w ho cared for nothing but m usic and
w hile I live.”
pretty faces.
Five
years
ago
they
had
com e
here,
Peter
It was all different now. He had nothing to drink and
Sadelack, his wife, oldest son Anton and countless
little to eat, and here there w as nothing but sun,
sm aller Sadelacks, here to the dullest part of so uth
grass and sky.
w est
as
T he fire w as low, and it grew cold. Still Peter sat by
m aster of th e ir new hom e, and people said he
the fire rem em bering. He dared not feed the fire;
w ould do well. Everyone knew that he w as m ean
Anton w ould be angry. He did not w ant to cut wood
and untrustworthy, but th a t m ade little difference.
tom orrow ; he w anted to go to church. Anton m ight
N ebraska.
Anton
established
him self
He took more care over his corn than anyone in the
let him do that. He held his violin under his w rinkled
county, and always produced m ore w heat than
chin, his w hite hair fell over it, and he began to play.
o the r men.
His
N obody knew m uch about Peter, or said a good
refused to w ork the bow at all. He sat for a w hile,
w ord about him. He drank w henever he could get
then to ok his violin out into the old stable. He heard
out of Anton's sight long enough to sell his hat or
w olves how ling, and the night w ind scream ing as it
coat for whisky. Indeed there w ere only tw o things
sw ept over the snow. N ear him he heard the
hand
sh oo k
m ore than
ever before, then
he w ould not part with - his pipe and his violin. He
regular breathing of the horses in the dark. He
w as a lazy, absent-m inded old fellow. People said
sighed, then vowed: “ He w ill not sell you. I can play
th a t Anton, w ho never drank, was a m uch better
you no more, but they w on’t p art us. W e have seen
man than his father had ever been. Peter did not
it all together, and we w ill forget it together, the
care w hat people said. He did not like the country,
French w om an and all.” He held his fiddle under his
nor the people. Least of all he liked w orking the
chin a m om ent, w here he had felt it so often, then
land. He w as ve ry hom esick for Prague. Eight years
put it across his knee and broke it through the
ago he had been a second violinist in the great
m iddle. A d a p te d from “P e te r b y Willa C ather
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6.1. A n to n was d ifferen t from others in th a t he A. had an enormous family. B. was very strict w ith people. C. paid closer a tte ntio n to his crops. D. spent tim e over his personal appearance. 6.2. The thing Peter disliked MOST about his new life was A. country people. B. agricultural labour. C. being away from his ow n city. D. its effect on his health. 6.3.
Peter remembered a n ig h t in Prague when he A. appeared alongside a great singer. B. witnessed a violent fig ht. C. attended a w ild party. D. was moved by a dram atic scene.
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Tekst 2.
PRIZED INSTRUMENTS Not everyone would feel comfortable with the idea of travelling halfway around the world with a million pounds or more in a bag. Yet professional musicians often pass through airports and train stations with priceless musical instruments hanging off their shoulders. One such musician learned the hard way that to do so doesn’t always go without risks. Internationally acclaimed violinist Min-Jin Kym had her 300-year-old Stradivarius violin, worth over one million pounds, stolen when she stopped to get a coffee and a sandwich with a friend while on her way to catch a train from Euston Station in London. She had placed the violin case on the floor for a brief moment before it vanished. Luckily, the thief was caught shortly afterward and the instrument returned, but not without causing grave concern to the violinist. Fortunately, thefts of valuable instruments are not common, mainly because performers take care of their instruments. Musicians often have a heightened sense of awareness towards their instrument due to an extraordinary bond that develops between them over the years. For many, it feels like they are carrying a part of themselves because it is with the instrument that they express themselves best. Some have compared it to travelling with a child because they feel the same kind of anxiety about it.
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6.4. W hich o f the fo llo w in g is NOT stated in the text? A. Musical instrum ent thieves are usually caught quite quickly. B. Some musical instrum ents are w o rth huge sums o f money. C. Thefts o f valuable musical instrum ents occur, but only rarely. D. Musicians are aware o f the risks o f travelling w ith valuable instruments.
6.5. Both texts imply th a t musicians A. are sometimes careless w ith th eir instrum ent. B. get em otionally attached to th e ir instrum ent. C. can earn lots o f money from th e ir instrum ent. D. o fte n keep th e ir instrum ent after they retire.
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Znajomość środków językowych Zadanie 8. (0-4)
Zadanie 7. (0-4) Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi
Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij każdą lukę
w ybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzym ać logiczny
(8 .1 .-8 .4 .) jednym w yrazem , tak aby powstał
i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę
spójny i logiczny tekst. W ym agana jest pełna
A , B, C albo D.
poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów.
NATURAL TOOTH CARE If you look at the ingredients listed on a tube of
TEA
toothpaste, you’re likely to see the names of
After water, tea is the 8 .1 ............................
quite a lot of manmade chemicals. As a matter
widely consumed drink in the world so it might
of 7 .1 ........
be hard to imagine that it was practically
pharmaceutical companies put
substances
created
by scientists
into
unheard of in Europe, or the Americas for that
toothpastes to attack the bacteria that cause
matter,
tooth decay - but there’s a big problem with
Portuguese
them.
these
8. 2...........................first came into contact with
bacteria to
tea while visiting China. It wasn’t long before
develop resistance to them. Now, a natural
the British gained a monopoly on tea and also
solution to the
made it their national beverage.
repeated use
7 .2
chemicals
over time
causes
problem
of
may 7 .3 ..............
until
the
priests
century. and
It
was
merchants
Experiments show that when coconut oil enters
Today, we know that tea is very good for one’s
the human digestive system, it stops the growth
health and doctors around the world promote
of bacteria that live in the mouth and produce
8 .3
the acid that causes tooth decay. 7 .4
that,
number of studies have shown that green tea
it’s also effective in small amounts. Soon, then,
may promote weight control and help reduce
this
the risk of diseases such 8 .4 ............................
ready-made antibacterial agent could
become the latest addition to toothpastes.
7.1. A. course
7.3. A. be found
B. principle
B. have been found
C. tim e
C. be finding
D. opinion
D. have been finding
7.2. A. Taking
7.4. A. In spite o f
B. Having
B. Nonetheless
C. Keeping
C. Unless
D. M aking
D. N ot only
daily consumption. In fact, a
high blood pressure, heart disease and some forms of cancer.
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17th
Zadanie 9. (0-4) W ykorzystując w yrazy podane drukowanymi literami, uzupełnij każde zdanie z luką, tak aby zachować sens zdania wyjściowego (9 .1 .-9.4.). W ym agana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych fragm entów zdań. U waga: nie zmieniaj form y podanych wyrazów. 9.1. I'm reading these magazines w ith the aim o f improving my English. ORDER
I'm reading these magazines ................................... my English.
9.2. She introduced herself to me in the manner o f a queen. THOUGH She introduced herself to m e ........................... ........ a queen. 9.3. I was to o busy to notice the problem. SO
I w a s ............................................................................... notice the problem.
9.4. My anger increases every tim e I speak to him. GET
The more I speak to him, ..........................................
Wypowiedź pisemna Zadanie 10. (0-13) W yp o w ied z się na jeden z poniższych tematów. W yp o w ied ź powinna zawierać od 200 do 250 słów i spełniać wszystkie wymogi typow e dla form y wskazanej w poleceniu. Zaznacz tem at, który wybrałeś(-aś), zakreślając jego numer. 1. W Twojej miejscowości miały ostatnio miejsce akty wandalizmu. Napisz list do burmistrza lub prezydenta miasta, w którym wyjaśnisz, co Twoim zdaniem jest przyczyną problemu, i zaproponujesz sposoby jego rozwiązania. 2. W ojna przynosi jedynie nieszczęścia, więc należy zlikwidować wszystkie armie, ponieważ są one narzędziem wojny. Napisz rozprawkę, w której ustosunkujesz się do tego twierdzenia i uwzględnisz jeden z argumentów strony przeciwnej.
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Test 1 Exercise 1 (p. 4) Recording 1 Presenter: Now it's time for Health News with Jennifer Knowles. What have you got for us this morning, Jennifer? Jennifer: Well, all the main news outlets are talking about electronic cigarettes because they are really taking off with smokers. Presenter: Really? Jennifer: Yes. In fact, e-cigarette sales increased from 50,000 In 2008 to 3.5 million in 2012. Presenter: Impressive! And how do these e-cigarettes works? Jennifer: Well, as some of our listeners may know, ecigarettes are battery-powered devices that deliver nicotine in the form of an aerosol mist so there is no smoke as such. The producers claim that they are a healthy alternative to smoking. Presenter: Is that the case, Jennifer? Are they really safe? Jennifer: Researchers are not sure yet about their health effects, though most think that they are probably less harmful than traditional cigarettes. Others are concerned that the trend of rising use could hook young people, who might then move on to more harmful products like conventional cigarettes. Presenter: OK, well keep us informed on developments... Jennifer: I sure will! Recording 2 Have you just finished your education or do you need a break? Do you dream of giving something back? Do you long to get involved with a good cause but feel bewildered by the alternatives? If you have valuable skills but need some help finding an organisation where you skills will be appreciated, then visit our website, volunteeropportunities.org, to find the perfect voluntary work for you! You will have the experience of a lifetime. Recording 3 To your left you will see gallery 5, which contains treasures from Bronze Age Britain. We'll return to gallery 5 later. Please follow me. Here we are at our special exhibit, called 'Guardians and Protectors'. As you can see, it contains a variety of animals, from large sculptures to tiny pieces of jewelry. What these pieces have In common is what they represent. All of these animals had the role of guardians. Lions, for example, are known for their strength and have appeared as guardian figures in different cultures world wide, throughout history. This sculpture of a lion which you see here, for example, probably sat in the doorway of a house. Exercise 2 (p. 4) Speaker 1 Like many other women I love dancing as much as I love my handbag. With this gadget I can dance wherever I like once I
have my handbag with me. It's fantastic! It's got a dock for an iPod and tw o built-in speakers. The speakers work fine without batteries, but you can raise the volume by inserting some. It's a quirky concept, but unfortunately the bag is only available in a very functional plain white leather-effect design, which w on't be to everyone's taste, I'm afraid. Speaker 2 I guess you could say that I am keen on holding barbecues as well as messing about on the water so now I can combine both activities with a barbecue dining boat. Resembling the round rafts used at theme park white-water rapid rides, it has a built-in grill at its centre and seats 10 people, each of whom get their own tray. After charging its battery for 10 hours, you can sail in it for up to 8 hours at speeds of up to 2.5 mph. It even has a retractable roof to protect against sun and rain. Just make sure none of your guests suffers from motion sickness! Speaker 3 I love dining with friends and trying out different ideas for dinner parties, barbecues and picnic, so I was delighted to see this new and really cool swing table. It seats eight people on seats suspended from a metal frame - as is the table itself and the oversize metallic lampshade that comes with it. Its manufacturer points out that as the table and chairs are legless, this is a dining set that's easy to vacuum around. Just as well, because it can make a bit of a mess sometimes, depending on your guests. Speaker 4 In my experience people who have to travel a lot or are in demand have little choice but to grab forty winks wherever they can. I think this new Ostrich Pillow is great because it allows people like me to do just that by blocking out light at any time of day and preserving their anonymity at the same time. It's a roast chicken-shaped soft space that you stick your head into and lie down, if you wish. There are also holes for your hands - and of course holes for breathing! Exercise 3 (p. 5) Interviewer: My next guest used an unusual strategy to get the younger members of her family to pull their weight around the house. Janet Norton, welcome. First, Janet, can you explain what the problem was? Janet: Certainly. In short, my children had become so lazy that they expected me to do absolutely all of their cleaning up. They wouldn't so much as move their cereal bowls from the table to the sink after breakfast or even remove their lunch boxes from their backpacks after school. One night I realised I'd spent all day doing things they should've done and I was exhausted from it. I realised I needed to teach them a lesson. interviewer: So how did you persuade them to mend their ways?
Janet: It wasn't so much a case of persuading them that they should do more around the house as drawing their attention to how reliant they had become on me. I decided to simply stop clearing up after them to make them think twice about leaving dirty clothes lying on the floor or not putting the butter back in the fridge or whatever. I also decided that if I told them I was going on strike, they wouldn't take me seriously, or might immediately complain so much that I would give in, so I didn't announce anything. I just stopped acting like their servant. Interviewer: So how long did It take them to notice what was going on? Janet: On the evening of the first day, they complained that the washing-up hadn't been done. I just made little comments along the lines of "Well, you could always do it yourselves". But I think they only really understood the point of what I was doing the next day, when I gave them their lunches wrapped in foil inside plastic bags, because they hadn't bothered taking their dirty plastic lunch boxes out of their school bags. I think that made them feel embarrassed in front of their school-friends, or certainly less cool, so that probably motivated them to begin taking more responsibility for that chore, and that was my first success! Interviewer: So they weren't shamed Into helping to keep the house tidy so easily? Janet: That took a little longer, because I'm afraid their reaction when the mess got really bad was to quarrel with each other about who had caused me to take the action I did. Well, they were fooling themselves If they thought any one of them was tidier than the other! Then, after five days, they came to me and offered to help me clean up the house. I said, "I think you'll find all this mess is your doing!" So they ended up cleaning the whole house while I supervised. I had to - they didn't even know where the dishcloths were! Interviewer: So would you advise other parents to do this? Janet: Well, I have to say, if I think about what a pigsty my house became that week, I really wouldn't want to go through it again. I'm normally very houseproud and It was horrible to see our dog ripping up packaging that the kids had left on the floor and our cat licking the dirty dishes that had been left all over the place. I'd say the best advice I can give other parents is to try hard not to let a strike like this become necessary. It's easier said than done, though. I think mums and dads get into the habit of picking up their children's clothes, doing all their dishes and cleaning up their spills because It often seems easier than complaining to them and trying to get them to do it themselves, which can be very draining. It was faster to do it myself, but looking back, I was Indicating to my children that It was acceptable for them not to lift a finger around the house.
Test 2 Exercise 1 (p. 16) Recording 1 Woman: These flowers seem to be doing very well In these conditions, don't you think? And they're so beautiful, aren't they? My mum wouldn't mind having some of them In her garden, I'm sure. Man: Yes, that would be nice, but as you know very well yourself they're not at all suited to our climate, so I'm afraid she'll have to content herself with our English roses and poppies. As for you, I hope you'll develop a new exciting drug from those lovely flowers. Woman: Yes, I think we're making progress... Man: Good! Now, I want to show you our new arrival that we'll be studying. This is a young Gingko biloba, a very peculiar plant that has no close relatives. It's already been used In hundreds of medicines, but I have an idea for something new. This plant can live more than 2,000 years so we have a lot of time to get to know it and see what we can do with It. Recording 2 A pawnshop owner got an unusual surprise yesterday when he found a man trapped in his unused twenty-fivecentimetre-wide chimney. Despite being there for almost ten hours without food or water, the shlrtless suspect didn't seem happy to see the shop owner even though he was his only means of escape. The shop owner told reporters that he thought a bird or animal was in there, but when he checked he saw a person looking up at him. When he asked him what he was doing down there and why he was trying to break into the building, he became very aggressive and abusive. Later it emerged that even if the alleged thief had managed to make It to the bottom, he would have found It inaccessible because It had been blocked off for years. He was later freed by emergency crews, with whom he tried to fight before being detained on attempted burglary and resisting arrest charges. He told the police that he fell down by accident while going for a walk. Recording 3 Presenter: Today I'm talking to astronomer Joe Llske about the hunt for alien worlds. What's going on Joe ? Joe: Well, the quest for Earth-like planets, and ultimately life on such planets, is one of the great frontiers o f science, perhaps the last big piece in the puzzle of how we, humans, fit into the big picture; and the hope is that it will also help spot life out in the vastness of space. In the past decade alone, astronomers have been discovering planets outside our solar system, or exoplanets, with astonishing speed. We have now identified nearly a thousand. Most are much bigger than Earth and almost certainly Jupiter-like gas giants, making them quite unlikely for hosting life. None has so far been confirmed to support life, even single-cell organisms -
77
but some of these planets seem to be distinctly rocky and Earth-like; Kepler-62e and Kepler-22b, to name but two. Exercise 2 (p. 16) More and more people are volunteering these days. Listen to four of them talking about their experience and be inspired! Speaker 1 My company regularly organises volunteering days at various charities like homeless shelters. Everyone benefits, because you get a day out of the office if you take part. It's almost like an extra holiday. It's true what they say - a change Is as good as a rest. I did a day of dog walking at a cat and dog shelter last year, and I liked It so much that I go there every weekend now to help out. The great thing about It is it's totally flexible - you go along whenever you have the time. Speaker 2 I recently worked at an evening art installation at a castle in the countryside. The walls were lit up dramatically, and the organisers wanted the surrounding area to be as dark as possible. People had to walk a mile or so from the car park to get to the site, so volunteers were needed to stand at various points along the route to the castle with torches, and that's what I did. It was memorable, but it would have been better if I'd had someone to talk to! Speaker 3 I've always been interested in astronomy, so when a planetarium and observatory were built near me, I immediately wanted to get involved. I help out in any way I can in the evening and at weekends, and I particularly enjoy talking to tour groups about how the telescopes work. I'm hoping it may lead to paid work eventually. Even if it doesn't, I've made lots of friends who are like-minded people through my volunteering. Speaker 4 I can't say I've done any formal voluntary work, but before I started my teacher training years ago, I took it upon myself to help out at my daughter's school a lot to help me work out whether it really was the career for me. I suppose I do a job that benefits society in many ways, so maybe I feel the need to volunteer less than others. Don't forget teachers often give up their free time to help out with extra-curricular activities. Exercise 3 (p. 17) Bob: Good morning everyone. I'm talking to our entertainment guru, Anita Ryan, about a pretty scary and unusual new attraction. Anita ... Anita: Thanks, Bob. It's definitely not everybody's idea of a good time, but horror fans in the north of England have the chance to step inside a horror film scenario overnight at Horror Camp Live. Bob: Really! How does that work exactly? Anita: Well, it involves spending a whole night in a horror
78
show in which you are actually part of the performance. It's sort of an interactive game that's full of surprises designed to shock and terrify you. The fun - if you can call it that begins as darkness falls, when the participants gather round a campfire near the tents where they will spend the night. While they eat a meal of barbecued food, a recent horror movie is shown to get everybody in the right mood. Soon the campers become part of a gruesome story that involves experiments on human beings at a sinister institution near the camp, the unfortunate results of those experiments and a serial killer called Lockjaw. Bob: Are you serious? So what kind of people actually enjoy this sort of thing? Anita: Basically, mainly horror film fans but also some curious souls. Those who take part need to be willing to become separated from their friends in order to undergo a number of spooky challenges in both indoor and outdoor environments in full or semi-darkness. Bob: So, is there a team of animators orchestrating this or how does it work? Anita: Actually, there are different actors playing characters who want to harm you, and making sure the experience feels as real as possible. You never know what's going to happen to you next. You may have to make your way along a narrow tunnel, or be confronted with a strange and disturbing odour. Your progress through the scenarios might be interrupted by a sudden fog, a mysterious noise, or even a splash of water. Bob: It does sound quite scary to me. Anita: Indeed it is. It's is so scary that it's recommended that only people aged over 18 with a healthy heart and strong nerves sign up, although youngsters between 14 and 18 are allowed to take part if an adult accompanies them; and everyone is warned that they may be touched by the performers, who may even simulate torture. Bob: And does this go on all through the night? Anita: Well, you remain on the site for a full 13 hours but the organisers promise in their publicity material that several hours will be set aside for sleeping - if you can relax enough. Bob: And you said that this is popular at the moment, right? Anita: That's right. Every tent sold out nearly every time it was held in the summer, and the company behind it markets it as an alternative pre-marriage night out for both men and women and their friends, it may be a night out that would only appeal to a minority of people - in fact it's many people's worst nightmare - but the horror nights are indeed proving popular. Bob: All right. Thanks Anita!
Test 3 Exercise 1 (p. 28)
Recording 1 Man: Have you finished preparing your speech yet? I still don't feel I'm ready. Woman: More or less. I've just got to come up with a good conclusion that will make an impact. I need to end with something that people will think about when they leave. Man: Yes, I know what you mean. I think I've managed to do that for mine; at least I hope so. Woman: I'm sure you have. You're pretty good at convincing people. Man: Perhaps, but at the same time I always feel nervous when I have to get up on stage in front of people to give a speech - I sort of feel that I have to play a role for the kids' parents' benefit, as if I'm acting or something... Woman: Well, I suppose it's true parents do expect us to serve as models for the kids in and out of the classroom, but I'd hardly say it's acting. On the contrary, just be yourself... Man: I know you're right, but it's easier said than done... Recording 2 Presenter: Greg Evans is here with us now with the latest on the exam results. Greg, what's the news? Greg: Well, latest results show that boys outperformed girls at higher-level Maths once again. Last year, there was a significant reduction in the gap between the number of male and female students taking higher-level Maths: traditionally about 17% of boys and 14% of girls opted for higher-level exams in Mathematics, but those figures rose to 23% and 21%, respectively. The boys are clearly doing better than the girls; 14% of boys got an 'A', but just half that proportion of girls did so. On the other hand, girls still do better in the majority of subjects. Presenter: Really? Greg: Yeah, the proportion of female students who got an 'A' was higher on all subjects except Maths and Chemistry. This is, in fact, the case in a number of countries and is, in my view at least, due to that fact that many lessons are being designed more for girls than for boys. So, the trend is likely to continue. Recording 3 ... and now for a rather peculiar and kind of funny piece of news. Police said that a juvenile thief who carried out a mugging on a local youth actually helped them quite a lot in finding and arresting him for his crime. The young delinquent and his accomplices surrounded a 16-year-old boy on the street around 9:50 pm last Saturday and ordered the victim to empty his pockets. The thief grabbed the teen's smartphone and fled with his gang, according to police. The thief then took his own picture with the phone, not realising that photos from the teen's smartphone are automatically sent to the victim's email account. The image allowed police to identify and apprehend the suspect, who got his photo
taken again at the police station before being sentenced and jailed for his crime. This is definitely a case where you can say It serves him right. Exercise 2 (p. 28) Speaker 1 My mother and father were very unadventurous in the kitchen. Rather than trying the healthier Mediterranean-style dishes that were becoming popular when we were growing up, like pasta, they just stuck to basic food that their parents and grandparents had fed them, which was really basic food, but suitable for people who did a lot of physical work. That was the culture of the area in the past, and I'm sure it was beneficial, because traditionally it had been a mining community. But we have more sedentary lifestyles and need to adapt and move from that basic cuisine of the past. Speaker 2 I've always been tall and large, and I really don't think it's my fault at all. I was very active as a child - I took part in lots of organised sports, and I still do. I've always eaten a sensible, balanced diet, but it seems this is just my natural shape. Doctors have done all kinds of tests on me and everything's fine. I think we need to accept that your size depends more on your genetics than your lifestyle. All this pressure to conform just makes girls and young women miserable. Speaker 3 I was brought up in a single-parent household. Life could be difficult as a result; my mother couldn't afford to buy luxuries that other families had, so instead she piled food on our plates. Every meal we ate was enormous and she made sure we ate every morsel. As a result, I have no self-control with food. It's like an addiction. I might eat nothing for a day, but then eat like a horse the next. Then you feel awful about that, and eat more to comfort yourself. It's a vicious circle. Speaker 4 I guess I developed a strange relationship to food while growing up. You see, my folks are quite reserved. My mother would hand me a bag of sweets every morning as I left for school instead of giving me a hug. I don't think my father ever gave me a kiss - but he gave me loads of ice creams! I guess some people show their love that way. I worked abroad for a year recently and she looked after my dogs for me. When I came back they were all fat. I told her I was glad I no longer lived under her roof, for the sake of my figure, and we laughed. Exercise 3 (p. 29) M att: This is Matt Philips and I'm talking to Professor Mary Jenkins about an increasingly popular language, Mandarin. Mary: Yes, it's getting very popular indeed. In fact, it's never been a better time to be a teacher of Mandarin Chinese in the United States of America. M att: Why is that, Mary? Mary: Well, for decades now, the parents of Chinese-
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American children have sent their offspring to evening and weekend classes at what are known as heritage schools, where they receive tuition in Chinese culture and language. Now, in a world where the Chinese economy is growing ever stronger and US-Chinese trade is booming, more and more families with no connections to Asia at all are choosing to enrol their children at such schools. M att: So would you say that it is mainly for future career prospects, then? Mary: Well sure, parents are mindful of the career opportunities that a knowledge of Mandarin could bring and so It's become common for as many as a quarter of the pupils at Chinese heritage schools to be non-Asian. But their popularity has also increased thanks to a recent rise in adoptions of Chinese babies by American couples, many of whom want to raise their children with an appreciation of both Eastern and Western cultures. Some heritage schools are attracting so many youngsters who don't speak Mandarin at home they have decided to design courses specifically for them. Day schools where much of the curriculum is taught in Mandarin Chinese are also thriving. M att: So are new schools opening all over the country? Mary: Not really, no. Already existing schools are expanding. There's no better illustration of their growth than the Chinese American International School in San Francisco, California. Whereas in the early 2000s, most of the school's students were from a Chinese background, by 2012 non-Asian children were outnumbering American-Chinese children at the school for the first time. M att: How does it work at these schools? Do the students do everything in Mandarin? Mary: No, every subject, including Mathematics and Nature Studies, is taught half in Mandarin and half in English, meaning the children are exposed to around three hours of Mandarin per day. M att: Do you have any figures for us to give an idea of how much it is expanding? Mary: Sure! When schools across Chicago, for example, began offering Mandarin sessions in 1999, only 250 students took advantage of them. Now, however, around 6,000 boys and girls in the city take Mandarin as part of their studies. With public education policymakers across America developing Mandarin programmes for schools, it seems Mandarin is on course to become a true world language. And the trend just might make the lives of the growing number of parents whose children speak better Mandarin than they do a little easier - because it's no use calling upon them to help with the homework! M att: True... Thanks Mary I Mary: You're welcome!
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Test 4 Exercise 1 (p. 40) Recording 1 A: I think we should do something related to the anniversary of the coronation of the queen this month. B: I agree. We need something that would tie In nicely with that and also be of Interest to the visitors who plan to spend some money shopping. That's why I was thinking of the Royal Warrant Tour. A: Yes, I had the same Idea. B: Great! I think we should contact one of the agents and ask if we can go along on one of those tours. I've never been on one, but I know the guides take visitors behindthe-scenes, you know, they actually get secure access to usually secret archive material, as well as special viewings of treasured brand assets and heritage pieces. A: Yes, that would make for a nice article and those tours also Include a meeting with 'By Royal Appointment' craftsmen, which would be really interesting for many of our readers and also provide us with some good photographs. B: I think we're on to a winner here. A: I'm sure we are! You contact the agent and I'll see when we can get a flight. Recording 2 A: Marine archaeologist Dr Fred Winters is with me in the studio and we're talking about shipwrecks and underwater heritage. Dr Winters, in recent years, technological innovations have allowed commercial archaeologists, or 'treasure hunters', to reach wrecks far below the surface. But when a ship sinks, lives are lost and it is a tragedy for families, so shouldn't we just leave shipwrecks like the Titanic alone and respect them as we do graveyards? B: There are millions of shipwrecks all over the world and they are always under threat by people collecting material from the site, because at the end o f the day everybody has a bit of treasure hunter in them, I suppose. However, we need to protect our underwater heritage as well as respect the families of victims o f recent shipwrecks like the Titanic. There are many ways we can do this and still satisfy people's Interest In the past. Some efforts have been made and in 2001 the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage was adopted, but it only concerns wrecks over 100 years old. Recording 3 Thousands of Californian farm hens have escaped being gassed after an anonymous donor provided $50,000 for some of them to be flown across the US on a charter flight to a happy retirement on the east coast. The hens, who have reached the end of their egg-laying life, were due to be killed - a common practice in the US, but after an approach from the Animal Place sanctuary in northern California, 3,000 of them will get the unique and lucky chance to enjoy a
comfortable retirement instead. Thanks to an unnamed benefactor, 1,150 of them will be flown to New York to be distributed to sanctuaries In the eastern US. Commercial airlines would not accept the cargo, which is why the group had to turn to a private jet company. This batch of two-yearold rescued hens is expected to live tw o to four more years on these farms. Chickens raised to lay eggs have a different genetic makeup than birds used for meat. Once they lose their ability to produce a profitable amount of eggs they serve no commercial use. Exercise 2 (p. 40) Speaker 1 It's definitely a tournament for the fittest of golfers. You see, there's only one hole - but you have to conquer a mountainside to get to It. Everyone takes their first shot on the 2,200 metre-high Socorra Peak and has to work their way down to the campus of the New Mexico Tech college. It can be a bit risky as there are rattlesnakes and scorpions In the area and then of course there can be rock slides on the way too and you'll have the punishing desert sun to contend with. Speaker 2 I'm a big fan of the Robot Sumo Tournament and I think It makes people like me want to develop skills in electronics and engineering. Two robots are placed on a raised circular steel platform. To win, one must push the other off the platform; and the overall winner receives up to $20,000. There are events for both remote-controlled and completely automated robots and the rules encourage innovation. You can arm your robot, for example, with detachable flying parts. Speaker 3 My favourite festival is the Unspunnen Festival. It began as a way of uniting the Swiss nation against the threat posed by Napoleon and is still going strong today. The highlight of the celebration is the throwing of the Unspunnen stone. It's not much bigger than a large handbag, but believe it or not It weighs 83.5 kg - more than the average person. Competitors have to raise it above their heads, and then throw it as far as possible. Anything above 3.5 metres is considered excellent, but it's not easy. Speaker 4 When the idea first came up back in 1992, I expected manufacturers of seated lawnmowers to be all in favour of a lawnmower-racing event. However, when the first American lawnmower racing championships were held, an organisation representing lawnmower makers actually protested against it on safety grounds. Then it was agreed that all blades must be removed and all riders wear helmets and other protective gear. Since, and even though competitors don't win any money at the events, it has grown into quite a popular motor sport.
Exercise 3 (p. 41) Interviewer: I'm now delighted to welcome to the programme Jacopo Dimichele, who rows a traditional gondola in Venice. I wonder, Jacopo, if you could first tell us a bit about the days before gondolas were just for tourists. Jacopo: Certainly. It's important to realise that for hundreds of years gondolas were the horses, and then the cars, of wealthy Venetians, because the city's canals were its roads. Right up until relatively recently, gondolas were the mode of transport o f the well off; my grandfather was a gondolier to the nobility. You can think of the gondoliers of the past as being like the chauffeurs o f the rich today, but they actually needed to be much more discreet. There's no screen in a gondola, so the gondolier saw and heard everything. A gondolier who didn't respect and protect his employer's privacy wouldn't stay in his job for long. Interviewer: I didn't realise the gondolas had such a long history. Jacopo: Oh yes, Venice's gondolas have been regulated for around 1,000 years, and for that reason I think we feel immense pride when we put on our striped gondolier's shirts - they've been famous around the world for many generations. You know, the code of conduct that today's gondoliers have to follow includes rules from the days when gondolas were the main way o f getting around in the city the very strict rules on alcohol consumption, for example. It's only right; we're ambassadors for the city. Interviewer: You mentioned that people used to use gondolas just as cars were used In other cities, so do you get attached to gondolas as much as people get attached to cars? Jacopo: More so, because gondoliers might spend up to 12 hours a day with their boats. Also, to me a traditional gondola Is a thing of beauty that's more special than the flashiest car because people make them lovingly by hand and they are unique to Venice, with their elegant curves. I think gondoliers get attached to their gondolas the way equestrian athletes get attached to their horses. The last time I had to change gondolas I ended up in tears. Interviewer: Friends of mine went to Venice recently and were shocked by the prices of gondola rides. What do you say to people who say the gondoliers are exploiting tourists? Jacopo: I would point out that an authentic Venetian gondola costs around 15,000 euros to build and has a lifespan of only 20 years. The gondoliers have to make that money back in the relatively short period of the year that is the tourist season - and Venice is a very expensive place to live. But rowing a gondola isn't something you do for financial gain; it's a way of life. You can choose to work in industry not far from Venice and earn much more than you do on the canals. So people do it because they think the tradition is worth preserving. Anyway, it's not the individual gondoliers who set the minimum charges, but the city authorities. Interviewer: Finally, Jacopo, is it true that you met your wife through your gondola? Jacopo: Yes, ha-ha. I say I was very romantic; she says I was cheeky. You see, I saw this beautiful woman sitting by one of the canals looking like she was carrying the weight o f the
world on her shoulders. I Invited her to ride In my gondola, but she said she couldn't afford it. I told her she should stop sitting around and do something fun, and it was on me. She accepted, and we've been inseparable ever since.
Test 5 Exercise 1 (p. 52) Recording 1 Ernie: Have you seen this, Angela? There's an article in the paper about the talk you gave at that conference last week. Angela: Really? What does it say? Ernie: Hmm, it seems that the journalist who wrote the piece was there and was pretty impressed. Angela: What did they say exactly, Ernie? Ernie: Well, It says that our book is outstanding and that your words were very Inspiring and should motivate others to carry out similar research that could help find cures and so on. Then It briefly describes our boat and the voyage and some data we collected and so on and says that the mayor and other dignitaries should be proud of us, as we are pioneers In our field. It's too bad they didn't Include our photographs though. We would have been happy to give them some. Angela: Well, we'll be known by name rather than face then I suppose. Here, let me read It. Ernie: Sure, here you are. Recording 2 The second-heaviest man ever recorded In the world has just been transported for medical treatment to reduce his weight after being confined to his bedroom for over two and a half years. The man's weight had reached a whopping 610 kg and he is unable to move by his own means. Instead, part of his house had to be demolished and a special bed imported from the USA so that he could be fork-lifted out of the second floor. He was then taken by ambulance to a specially equipped military plane, which flew him to the capital for his treatment. Recording 3 In today's talk, I will continue on the theme of the economics of education. In particular, I want to bring your attention to some new research carried out at the University of Manchester, in the UK. The researchers came up with an idea to pay for university education in a new way. They suggest that students should make a promise to pay six percent of their earnings, from the age of 35 to 54 for example, and In return, they may study for the degree of their choice at no cost. The students' 'promises' are then sold as a group to investors, so the universities get paid right away, and the investors get their money returned, with a profit, in the future when the students are working. Now we will go on to discuss the pros and cons o f this idea. Your thoughts? Anyone?
Exercise 2 (p. 52)
Speaker 1 After I got a serious chest infection, I was given a heavy dose of antibiotics, but they led to a worse problem. My skin became allergic to water. After any contact with it, a red, painfully itchy rash appears all over me. I can only tolerate being in the shower for a minute, and then I can't go out for two hours until my skin settles down. Even sweat causes a reaction In my skin, so I've had to give up doing strenuous exercise to avoid embarrassment. Speaker 2 I have a condition called cataplexy, which means my muscles weaken and I collapse when I experience any strong emotion, from excitement to anger. Even laughter can cause me to fall over, and there have been days when it's happened dozens of times. I'm trying various kinds of medication to try to get it under control, and I really hope the doctors hit on something that works for me, otherwise I'll never be able to drive. Speaker 3 I've always struggled to tell people apart, even people I know, but when I had children I realised I have a medical condition, because I found I had to remember who was who by their clothes and toys. I have face blindness, which means my mind doesn't retain images of people's faces and I don't feel confident enough to greet people. I had a well-paid job In an office, but it became a nightmare, because men in suits all looked the same. I've ended up becoming a dog trainer. Speaker 4 Due to a head injury I suffered in a car crash, I now have something called alien hand syndrome. In short, my left hand refuses to do what I want it to do. Often I find myself trying to button up a shirt with my right hand while my left hand undoes all the buttons. I sometimes have no option but to sit on my rogue hand. Any everyday task you can think of is now much more time-consuming for me than it was before. Exercise 3 (p. 53) Interviewer: To most of us, fairgrounds are places of pure fun, but a lot of hard work goes into making them happen, as my next guest, a young lady called Paula Yarker, can explain. Paula, can you describe your working life for us? Paula: Well, I would say it involves longer hours and a lot more hard physical labour than most jobs. It may be seen as an alternative lifestyle, but people shouldn't think It's an easy option. Just putting up a basic game stall can take four hours if you have to do It single-handedly, and the rides can take more than eight hours. Packing up at the end of a fair is even more exhausting because we usually can't start dismantling everything until late at night, because of local authority regulations. I often find myself helping my dad roll up some enormous electrical cable to go Into our lorry at 3 am. Interviewer: So the hours are anti-social, to say the least.
Paula: They certainly are. Bank holidays and weekends are our main Income drivers, so when most people are out socialising, we're hard at it. For that reason, most o f our socialising takes place on weekdays and among omer showpeople, as we like to be called. Maybe this is v.m .ve and people who lead more conventional lives don't mix as much as we perhaps should, and why misunderstandings arise about how we live. For example, there's a myth that girls in our communities are regularly chosen as teen brides by the men. In reality, and I'd like people to understand this, the way we start relationships is probably more oldfashioned and genteel than in your average community these days. A lot of people meet their partners through the dances that we hold. They're only open to people aged 18 and over, and If a man wants to escort a girl to one, he's very respectful and asks her parents' permission. Interviewer: Perhaps more importantly than its effect on your social life, doesn't being from a show family have an adverse effect on your education? Paula: Well, we spend so little time at home we don't even call it that, we use the term winter quarters, so of course it's difficult to attend a school regularly. I tried quite hard to study while we travelled the country and did as much of my homework as possible, but my teachers used to complain about my illegible handwriting, which was the result of trying to put pen to paper during long, bumpy journeys in the lorry! But I think If you have academic talent, it shines through, whatever kind of family you're from. In recent years, I've heard of showpeople who've won places at Oxbridge. I think most of us, though, think we get all the education we'll ever need living our everyday lives. Interviewer: What do you mean? Paula: I think because we come into contact with people from every walk of life, we develop sales and promotion skills that people In the business world would love to have. When we drum up business outside the fair we actually call it street selling, and we don't just passively stand there with an advertising board. You've got to have the ability to spot potential customers and the confidence to tell them what you're offering and barter with them if they're interested. Also, showpeople are generally very good at all kinds of manual work that are seen as skilled trades. We're painters, electricians, plumbers...we do a lot of that kind of stuff ourselves. Unfortunately a big reason for this is that professional joiners or whatever often w on't come to a fairground to work because they don't trust us to pay them. But it's made us very resourceful. Interviewer: So you face quite a lot of prejudice? Paula: Definitely. We get called nasty names a lot, and even a lot of people who respect us seem to think we live like animals. We get people asking if we have toilets and suchlike. In fact the trailers we live in on fairgrounds have all mod cons, even satellite TV. We're just more prone to
a s '„c : ons :o our power and water supplies because we rely o r temporary generators, gas heaters and hosepipes.
Test 6 Exercise 1 (p. 64) Recording 1 A: Don't you think it's about time we said something? B: I do, but I'm not quite sure how we should go about it. After all, It's a bit of a sensitive issue really, isn't it? I mean I wouldn't want to embarrass a child In front of his peers, even if he is bothering them. A: That may be true, but that makes it even more important that we take action. Otherwise, his classmates might and things could get nasty ... B: I get your point. I suppose I'll have to call his parents in ... Recording 2 A: And now it's time for Anna Wright with the Book o f the Week! B: Thanks Lisa. Harlan Coban's sequel to his great novel Shelter is finally here. It's called Seconds Away and in it teenager Mickey Bolitar and his loyal friends, Emma and Spoon, find themselves at the centre of a shooting investigation Involving their friend Rachel. So, Mickey not only has to uncover the truth about the mysterious death of his father, he also needs to figure out what happened to Rachel. The plot is full of schoolyard drama, action, detective work, twists and turns, and is a great read. Recording 3 American entrepreneur and billionaire Elon Musk has revealed plans for an exciting new transport system that could get passengers and cars from Los Angeles to San Francisco in about 30 minutes. In the new system, named Hyperloop, travellers will enter aluminium pods inside a steel tube built on columns. The pods travel on a cushion of air at speeds of up to 962 kmph. Mr Musk says the solar-powered system would most likely be a faster, safer, less costly, and more efficient mode of transport than high-speed train. Exercise 2 (p. 64) Speaker 1 I once broke a long car journey in Nancy in north-east France. What a pleasant surprise it was. It has a central square from the 1700s that has been beautifully restored. The architecture Is Italian style, and it has amazing ornate golden gates at the corners. I also had the most fantastic plum tart there - apparently Nancy is known for it. I'd like to go back just to sample that again. That's what I love about travelling - the element of the unknown and the possibility of discovering something new. Speaker 2 If you're ever In the Madrid area, it's well worth travelling the
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80 km or so to Segovia. It has as many historic sites as a city three times its size. There's a Roman aqueduct, a gothic cathedral that towers over the whole town, and a medieval fortress which they say inspired the castle at Disneyland! I went in winter and the mountains in the distance were covered in snow. It was like being in a fairytale land. I kept expecting to see parties of knights chasing after dragons! Take sensible shoes, though - the streets are steep. Speaker 3 For me the city that gives you the best taste of Scotland isn't Edinburgh or Glasgow, which are quite overwhelming, but Stirling. It has some interesting museums, a fantastic castle and the church where King James VI was crowded King of Scots in 1567. I remember seeing the world's oldest football there. It's a nice green university city right in the middle of Scotland, so it's the perfect base for exploring the countryside. And unlike the bigger cities, it's pleasant to walk around. Speaker 4 It's not the prettiest of cities, because it was such an industrial powerhouse in the past, but Belfast is certainly a lively place. There are pubs there where you can listen to live traditional music and dance till the early hours every night of the week. It's had a lot of problems in the past, of course, but people certainly know how to have a good time there, and I think the people are keen to change other people's perception of the city. I certainly left feeling different. Exercise 3 (p. 65) My name is Jane and I'm here to tell you how I became addicted to sleeping pills. My problem began after I lost my job a few years ago. That alone was very stressful - I lay awake a lot worrying about whether or not I could find work and support my family - but around the same time I fell down the stairs and suffered a shoulder injury that left me in a lot of pain. I found I just couldn't get comfortable in bed, so I went to my doctor. She gave me sleeping pills to use until the pain went away. They worked well - although I often felt less alert through the day because of them. It seemed like a small price to pay for a good night's sleep. I took them every night for about six months, and if the pain was particularly bad, I'd take two pills instead of one. If I woke up in the middle of the night, I'd take another. I know now that my behaviour was very dangerous. Sleeping pills should only ever be taken just before bed, and you should never take more than you're told to. I soon found another job and my shoulder injury healed fine, but when I tried to give up the pills I found I couldn't get to sleep without them. In fact I found it harder than ever to go to sleep. I would just lie awake for hours, then in the morning I would have no energy. I was getting so little sleep that I over-reacted to things that people said and did in the daytime, so it really affected my relationships with my colleagues. I started to
suffer from anxiety and depression too, which is quite common after people stop using sleeping pills. You see, they are both physically and psychologically addictive, and the more your body and mind reiy on them, the more your body and mind suffer when you give them up. It took me three or four attempts to give up the pills over six months and I had some very negative moments. One of the things that really helped was tiring myself out in the day through long gym sessions. I advise anyone who gets addicted to sleeping pills to work out as much as possible while they try to break the habit. I'm also campaigning to raise awareness of sleeping pill addiction, and to persuade the medical profession to provide them only to people who can't sleep at all due to a very traumatic experience. They should only ever be a temporary measure. It's far better to examine the root causes of your inability to sleep and to see a therapist, if necessary, than to treat the insomnia with pills for any length of time.
Answer Key Dear Sir/Madam
Test 1
As anyone who has ved in Heathrow in the last few years w c o r f r m m e number of tourists visiting our tow n -a s dropped considerably. These days, It Is a rare occurrence to see tourists wandering through our streets. This is most kely due to the weakened global economy, as wel as the poor w eather conditions we have suffered over the last few summers. I am w riting to offer some suggestions on how to attract more people to our town. To begin w ith, w e need to advertise tourism in Heathrow more. Heathrow has a lot of attractions, but it seems that potential tourists are just not aware of this. One option could be to place advertisem ents in national and international newspapers. By doing this, potential tourists would become aware o f w hat our tow n has to offer, and would be more likely to visit. Secondly, it would be a good Idea organise a festival In the tow n. Heathrow Is fam ous for Its many musicians, so we need to exploit this as a w ay to attract tourists. I propose we organise a music festival. This way, music lovers would visit the tow n, and would be more likely to come back at other times during the year. In conclusion, I believe that action must be taken immediately to promote tourism In our tow n. Numerous local businesses depend on Income from tourists, so It Is up to the Heathrow Tourist Board to do som ething to help. Yours faithfully, XYZ
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1 is having her hair cut 2 I hadn't/had not left you 3 resulted In people getting hurt 4 am I supposed to sign
W ypowiedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 10
1 The cost of car Insurance has become a major problem for young people. Young adults have more accidents than more experienced drivers, so companies charge them more. Yet It does not seem fair for safe drivers to be charged high premiums purely on the basis of their age. A black box m onitor scheme may therefore be a worthwhile w ay for responsible young drivers to show they deserve more favourable treatment. A black box device Is able to m onitor speed, acceleration and braking. That means good drivers can prove w ithout doubt that they stay within the speed limit, do not drive aggressively and keep a safe distance from other vehicles. Even poorer drivers could benefit, as they could use the information gathered by the black box device to improve their driving skills and reduce their insurance premiums in the future. Some people may object to the use of black box monitors in cars because they see it as an invasion of privacy. But this argum ent does not stand up, because no personal Information would be collected. Another concern may be the cost of buying a black box monitor. As the technology is quite new, they are quite expensive. However, I would argue that they are a good Investment. In conclusion, young people have little to lose and a lot to gain by using black box monitors In their cars. The reduction of their m otoring costs and the Improvement o f their road skills seems more than worth the price of the device.
Test 2 Rozumienie ze słuchu 1
1
B
2
C
3
A
2
1
C
2
A
3
E
4
D
3
1
D
2
C
3
A
4
B
5
D
5
D
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych 4
1
C
2
C
3
B
4
A
5
1
D
2
B
3
E
4
C
6
1
D
2
A
3
A
4
C
3
A
4
C
3 4
cautious equally
Znajomość środków językowych 7
1
B
1 2
are shown psychology
2
D
1 There's no point talking 2 have been w aiting since 3 Neither you nor anyone else 4 If only you had called
85
Answer Key Test 3
W ypow iedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 10
1
Around the world, places where we can see animals In captivity like zoos, wildlife parks and w ater parks are very popular attractions. In my opinion, it is acceptable for wild anim als to be kept in these facilities, as long as certain conditions are met. In the first place, It's Im portant to recognise that many endangered species of animal are kept In captivity for their protection. Many zoos, for instance, allow endangered animals to breed and Increase their population w ithout various threats such as loss o f habitat and illegal hunting. Also, there Is no denying the fact that in most facilities the anim als are well fed and well treated, and many are kept in conditions as similar as possible to their natural habitats. Furthermore, some animals enjoy meeting the public and this can be seen In their behaviour. On the other hand, it could be claimed that keeping animals In captivity denies them their freedom. Instead, some say, they should be left to live in their natural habitats. Some animals, for instance, are even forced to live in climates and on terrain that they are not used to often lowering their life expectancy. Overall, I believe that places of animal captivity should not be considered as negatively as they tend to be In the public eye. They offer endangered animal species a safe place to breed and it is clear that anim als are well treated in most o f these facilities. If suitable conditions are met, I believe the public should have no m isgivings about visiting these places.
Rozumienie ze słuchu 1
1
c
2
B
3
A
2
1
E
2
A
3
C
4
B
3
1
D
2
B
3
D
4
D
5
A
5
B
Rozum ienie te k s tó w pisanych 4
1
B
2
B
3
C
4
A
5
1
B
2
E
3
A
4
C
6
1
D
2
C
3
B
4
D
E
4
C
Znajomość środków językowych 7
1
A
2 D
3
8
1 2 3 4
knowing tendency eaten symbolically
9
1 2 3 4
don't expect me were taking a nap Is he supposed to return must have missed the train
W ypow iedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 2
86
Dear Sir/Madam, I am w riting to complain about the service I received during my stay at Gate Lodge Hotel from the 6th to the 9th o f May. I was greatly disappointed by the experience and w ant to make you aware of the poor standards in your hotel. Firstly, the room where I stayed was terribly dirty. The carpet had not been vacuum ed when I arrived and the previous occupant's dirty tow els were still in the bathroom. I asked reception for new tow els but they didn't arrive until late the next m orning, forcing me to take a very late shower. W hat is more, the bins in my room were not emptied throughout my stay, a task that I had to do myself. Secondly, I w as extremely disappointed with the quality of the food in the hotel restaurant. My stay included free breakfast but I was shocked that the only thing being served was cereal. W hen I asked for an English breakfast, I was told I would have to pay extra for it. On your website you state that your complim entary breakfast includes fried food, so that was extremely disappointing. All In all, the Gate Lodge Hotel did not meet the standards I expect or require of a hotel, and since the cost of rooms in your hotel is quite high, I feel it necessary to ask for some form of financial recompense, preferably a full credit card refund. I look forward to your prompt reply. Yours faithfully, XYZ
10
1 Today, more and more university students are choosing to spend at least some portion of their third level education studying abroad. It could even be stated that this practice has become conventional, but Is studying abroad always a good idea? In the first place, there are numerous advantages to studying abroad. For one, studying abroad allows students to experience a different culture. This can broaden their horizons, allowing them to better understand the diversity of the world. Furthermore, studying abroad can allow students to enrol In courses and learn from lecturers that are not available or resident In their home universities. This would give students a broader knowledge than had they stayed in their home country. On the other hand, studying abroad has Its drawbacks. For one, some students will feel less m otivated to study since they are so far away from their parents and mentors in their home university. W ithout these people overlooking their performance, academic standards can easily drop. Moreover, living abroad, particularly If it Is for the first time, can be a very lonely experience for a young student. W ithout the moral support of friends and family, students can become depressed, and this too can affect academic standards. In conclusion, the positive aspects of studying abroad greatly outw eigh the negatives. The chance for students to live in another culture while expanding their knowledge in another university can be a memorable and productive experience.
Answer Key 2
Elderly people get the care and social contact they require from a variety of people, while volunteers benefit from 'banking' hours o f care for their old age. Also, volunteers get a sense o f achievement by helping out in the community. W hat's more, elderly people would probably feel less of a burden on society, since the volunteers are helping them with their own futures in mind. However, this scheme will certainly raise some challenges. First of all, how can we be sure that all the volunteers are up to the task? W hile most people would probably be honest and helpful, the minority could be careless or even dangerous to the elderly. Secondly, it will require a huge administrative effort to keep track of w ho volunteers and for how many hours. And those that don’t participate will still need care in their old age; w hat will be done for them? All in all, the Isle of W ight seems to be on the right track in solving the problem o f caring for an ageing population in an innovative socially conscious way. It will be very interesting to see how the scheme works over time.
Dear Mayor Jones, It Is with great dism ay that I read of your plans to build a m ulti-story car park on the undeveloped land in Marsh Lane. I believe I am speaking for the majority of residents when I say there are good reasons w hy these plans should not go ahead. First of all, I don't think you fully realise the im portance of this land in its current state to the local population. For years, this land has been used as a park and play area for children. If you develop It, locals will suffer greatly. Where will our children play? Where will we w alk our dogs? We will lose many dally pleasures. A s you know, this is not a wealthy neighbourhood, so locals don't have the money to travel to one of the parks In the city centre. Furthermore, your plan will dam age the local environm ent. The trees and grass in the park clean the air and cool the tem perature of our neighbourhood. On top of that, if you build this car park, more cars will drive through the area releasing more exhaust fumes. It will be a double blow to our health and to the value of our properties. Clearly, it would be a mistake to go ahead with the plan to build the multi-story car park here. The social and environmental costs would be too great. I hope that you will take these points into consideration and halt construction plans immediately. Yours sincerely, XYZ
2
Test 4 Rozumienie ze słuchu 1
1
C
2
C
3
A
2
1
E
2
B
3
C
4
A
3
1
D
2
B
3
C
4
C
5
D
5
C
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych 4
1 C
2
B
3
C
4
A
5
1 D
2
A
3
E
4
B
6
1 D
2
B
4
A
4
B
Znajomość środków językowych 7
1
C
8
1 2
guidance extensive
3 4
summarise consequently
must have been upset W hy don't you call
3 4
when I w asn't looking I would have helped you
9
1 2
2
B
3 D
W ypowiedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 10 1
Many societies struggle with how to best care for their elderly. The Isle o f W igh t has come up with a solution in which volunteers help to care for the elderly, and In return, they earn care for themselves when they reach old age. This is an interesting scheme and one which I thoroughly support. As a first impression, it seems to be a win-w in situation.
Dear Mayor Logan, As you are most likely aware from the huge number of editorial pieces in the tow n's newspapers, a number of traders and residents in our tow n centre have been com plaining about traffic congestion. The noise and air pollution it causes has caused great upset to tow nspeople and I am writing this letter to suggest some solutions to the problem. The best solution to this problem would be to Improve the public transport system. If public transportation was fast and affordable, people would have no reason to take their cars into the tow n centre. A metro system could be developed, but a more Immediate and affordable solution would be to Increase the frequency of buses and expand their routes. In addition, there could be an advertising cam paign to encourage the use of public transport; for instance, radio and TV announcem ents. An alternative solution could be to start a system in which drivers pay a fee to take their cars into the town centre at the busiest times. This would discourage all but the most im portant journeys and would also encourage people to car pool. The only drawback to this solution is that it m ight discourage people from shopping In the town centre, so traders m ight not be in favour of it. Clearly, there are ways to solve the problem of traffic congestion In our tow n centre. I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration and improve the situation. Yours sincerely, XYZ
Test5 Rozumienie ze słuchu 1
1
C
2
B
3
2
1
E
2
C
3 D
3
1
C
2
A
3
C
C
4
B
4
D
5
A
87
Answer Key building. Often .a r ous activities are organised for their entertainm ent, too. On the other hanc, it can be claimed that sending old people to retirement nomes is a cruel practice. It takes these people away from the homes and neighbourhoods in which they, in m any cases, have spent most of their life. All in all, I believe people w ho send their ageing parents to retirements home should not necessarily feel they are doing their parents a disservice. Depending on their medical condition and the quality of the retirement home, it could be a wise decision. It could provide their parents with a com fortable and enjoyable life in their tw ilight years.
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych 4
6
1
1
B
2
C
3
D
2
C
4
E
C
2
A
4
B
5
D
Znajomość środków językowych 7
1
C
2
A
3
E
4
B
8
1
them
2
than
3
which
4
both
9
1 2 3 4
first time I have been We were hoping you would/are hoping you will You needn't have bought It is not worth washing
W ypow iedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 10
1
2
88
Dear Sir/Madam, i am w riting to apply for the position o f shop assistant in the Emerald Shop in Main Street, Kent, as advertised in Tuesday's edition of the Kent Times. I think I am highly qualified for this position about would become a valued member of your staff. I am an 18-year-old university student studying European Languages in Kent University. I am fluent in French on account of my French father, and am currently studying Spanish and German. I believe that my know ledge of languages will be of great help when dealing with people from other countries in your shop. Despite my lack of formal work experience, I believe I would be well-suited for the job due to the volunteer w ork I have done. In the last tw o summers, I volunteered at a youth cam p where I was responsible for organising daily activities. I am a sociable and responsible person, which helped me in this position, as I believe it will also help in the Emerald Shop. Since my university exams end next w eek (Friday 19th May), I will be available for interview after that date. I will be available to work throughout the summer, including on weekends. I may be contacted at the address given above or by telephone at 452 4365262. I look forward to receiving your reply in due course. Yours faithfully, XYZ In modern times, especially in developed countries, it is fair to stay that the notion o f family and all that it entails is of less importance than in previous generations. It is now comm on for people to send their ageing parents to a retirement home instead of caring for them themselves. But is this actually the right decision? In the first place, one major advantage of living in retirement homes is that old people receive good medical care. Nurses or other trained medical staff are usually present m eaning that residents can get immediate treatm ent if they have a problem. Secondly, retirement homes can be im portant for old people's social lives. This is particularly true for old people w ho are not mobile enough to get around on their own. Residents of retirement homes can meet people of their own age and with similar interests w ithout leaving the
Test 6 Rozumienie ze słuchu 1
1
B
2
C
2
1
E
2
D
D
3
A
4
C
3
D
4
B
Rozumienie tekstów pisanych 4
1
C
2
A
3
C
4
B
5
1
C
2
D
3
B
4
A
6
1
C
2
B
3
D
4
A
3
E
4
D
3
its
4
as
Znajomość środków językowych 7
1
8 9
1 2
A
2 D
most
2
who
in order to improve as though she was/were
3 4
so busy I didn't/did not the angrier I get
W ypow iedź pisemna (przykładowe odpowiedzi) 10
1
Dear Mayor Smith, As I'm sure you are aware our tow n has experienced several cases of vandalism in recent weeks. Various public buildings have been sprayed with graffiti and numerous bins have been dam aged beyond repair. Much of this vandalism seems to be caused by football hooligans w ho roam the streets after matches. I am w riting to you today to suggest ways to tackle this problem. First of all, I think there should be more police officers patrolling the tow n, especially after dark on match days. Personally, I can't remember the last time I saw a police officer in the tow n centre, and this goes to show how easy it is for vandals to get away with their actions. By having more police officers present, vandals would think twice before dam aging or defacing public property. Another useful suggestion would be to install C C T V cameras throughout the tow n, particularly outside public building. These C C T V cameras would make vandals aware that their actions are being filmed. This way, criminals would be deterred from vandalising, and those that did could be identified, caught and sentenced using the footage as evidence.
Answer Key In summary, a greater police presence and the installation o f C C T V cameras in the tow n would greatly decrease the am ount o f vandalism that our tow n currently experiences. I hope that you take my suggestions on board and help keep our town safe. Yours sincerely, XYZ 2
No right-thinking person prefers w ar over peace, but today, even the most peace-loving nations have armies. Should every nation give up their armies to stop war? In the Ideal world, armies would not be necessary. Unfortunately, though, w e live in a world that is far from perfect, m aking armies necessary in our society. There are numerous reasons for keeping armies. First o f all, it is necessary to retain armies in order to protect the peace - both internally and externally. If most countries agreed to get rid of their arms and armies, then one rogue nation could have tremendous power. Secondly, sometimes the aggressive use of armies is fully justified. In many cases, armies have fought for freedom from tyranny and oppression.
On the oth e ' " a " : t can be argued that armies cost a rons de'ac a c ' ^oney. If all the money devoted to L o ng armies was diverted to education, developm e^c and health programs, there would be significant change in the world. Q .e ra having a world w ithout armies Is an appealing concept and I believe it should not be forgotten. W hile It m ight seem impossible In the real world to eliminate armies, nevertheless, our philosophers, econom ists and politicians should keep this in mind as a goal we, as human beings, one day should aspire to meet.
89
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