Master Main Document

Simulation and Assignment of Traffic in Urban Road Networks Manual - Version 11.2 March 2013 Version 11.2.05

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

Contents Section

Page

1. 

Introduction

1-1 

1.1  1.2  1.3  1.4  1.5  1.6 

The Function of SATURN Hardware / Software Requirements Documentation Distribution of SATURN Contents of the Suite Version Control

1-1  1-3  1-5  1-5  1-6  1-7 

2. 

The SATURN Suite – An Overview

2-1 

2.1  2.2  2.3  2.4  2.5  2.6  2.7  2.8  2.9  2.10 

The Structure of Assignment Models Trip Matrices in SATURN Networks in SATURN Route Choice in SATURN Analysis in SATURN General Advice on Using SATURN Getting Started; Example Files Text Files, Fixed Columns, Text Editors and Word Processors Errors and Warnings: Fatal, Non-Fatal and Serious Version Control

3. 

The Basic SATURN Model

3.1  3.2  3.3  3.4  3.5  3.6  3.7  3.8 

The Network Model Structure Data Requirements File Name Conventions 32-Bit SATURN Versions Running Programs Under DOS (or Command Prompt) Running Programs under WINDOWS: SATWIN 10 Using SATWIN 11 Beta Version Control

4. 

Creating an Origin-Destination Matrix File

4-1 

4.1  4.2  4.3  4.4  4.5 

Trip Matrices using M1 or MXM1 Important Trip Matrix Definitions Further Notes on Trip Matrices Alternative Matrix Formats using M1/ MXM1 Version Control

4-2  4-4  4-5  4-6  4-7 

5. 

Network Coding – A General Description

5-1 

5.1  5.2  5.3  5.4  5.5 

Simulation Networks Buffer Networks Defining the Buffer Network Capacity Restraint in the Buffer Network Assignment and Map Networks

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2-2  2-4  2-5  2-6  2-7  2-7  2-8  2-9  2-11  2-13 

3-1  3-2  3-5  3-6  3-8  3-9  3-9  3-27  3-34 

5-2  5-15  5-16  5-17  5-18 

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SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

5.6  5.7  5.8  5.9 

Building Networks: The Beginner's Guide Geographical Information System (GIS) Data User and Vehicle Classes Version Control

6. 

Preparation of a Network Data File

6.1  6.2  6.3  6.4  6.5  6.6  6.7  6.8  6.9  6.10  6.11  6.12  6.13  6.14  6.15  6.16  6.17 

Option Specification Records (Mandatory) Network Title (Mandatory) Parameter Specification Records (Mandatory) Simulation Network: the ‘11111’ Records Simulation Centroid Connector Data: the ‘22222’ Records The Buffer Network/Link Data: the ‘33333’ Records Restricted Turns and Links: the ‘44444’ Records Node and Zone Co-ordinates/Supplementary Data: the ‘55555’ Records Fixed Routes (E.g. Buses): the ‘66666’ Records Counts of Link and/or Turning Volumes: the ‘77777’ Records Generalised Costs and/or Matrix Weights for Multiple User Classes: the ‘88888’ Records Fatal Errors and NAFF UFN Files Extra Input Network File: the X-File Specimen File FIFO, TOPUP and DOUBLE – Options for Repeated Data Input SATNET Files Version Control

7. 

Assignment – The Role of SATEASY/SATALL

7.1  7.2  7.3  7.4  7.5  7.6  7.7  7.8  7.9  7.10  7.11  7.12  7.13  7.14 

Wardrop Equilibrium Assignment Stochastic User Equilibrium (SUE) Assignment Multiple User Class Assignment Joint Equilibrium Assignment and Variable Demand Models SDM Assignment: More Complex Elastic Assignment Models Elastic Demand Functional Forms Defining the Reference Trip and Cost Matrices Multiple User Class Elastic Assignment Combined Distribution and Assignment Models Miscellaneous Assignment Procedures Running SATEASY: A single elastic run SATEASY: Technical Specifications Version Control

8. 

Simulation – The Role of SATSIM

8.1  8.2  8.3  8.4  8.5  8.6 

Cyclical Flow Profiles Accept Profiles and Capacities Internal Simulation Iterations and Convergence Simulation Delays, Queues and Flow-Delay Curves Blocking Back Random Delays and Queues (LRTP)

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5-22  5-27  5-32  5-34 

6-1  6-3  6-5  6-6  6-25  6-53  6-54  6-56  6-58  6-60  6-66  6-67  6-70  6-72  6-74  6-76  6-79  6-81 

7-1  7-2  7-10  7-16  7-19  7-31  7-44  7-50  7-56  7-66  7-67  7-70  7-81  7-84  7-87 

8-1 

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8-2  8-6  8-14  8-17  8-29  8-37 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

8.7  8.8  8.9  8.10  8.11 

Modelling Roundabouts Lane Choice Modelling Simulation Network Capacities SATSIM: Technical Specifications Version Control

9. 

Assignment / Simulation Loops – The Role of SATALL

9.1  9.2  9.3  9.4  9.5  9.6  9.7  9.8  9.9  9.10  9.11  9.12  9.13  9.14  9.15  9.16 

General Principles Monitoring Convergence Averaging Flows: The Use of KOMBI and AUTOK Continuing a Previous Assignment (The DIDDLE Option) Making Convergence Easier Elastic Assignment/Simulation Loops SATALL: General Functions SATALL Run-time Convergence Statistics SATALL Convergence Statistics: Full Line Printer Listings Elastic Assignment within SATALL Multiple User Class Assignment within SATALL Special SATALL Extensions The SATALL Batch Procedure The SATURN Batch Procedure SATALL: Technical specifications Version Control

9-2  9-4  9-11  9-14  9-15  9-20  9-21  9-22  9-23  9-26  9-27  9-27  9-29  9-30  9-31  9-34 

10. 

MX: Interactive Matrix Manipulation

10-1 

10.1  10.2  10.3  10.4  10.5  10.6  10.7  10.8  10.9  10.10  10.11  10.12  10.13  10.14  10.15  10.16  10.17  10.18  10.19  10.20  10.21 

Synopsis Matrix Files: General Properties MX File Structure Copy/Transpose/Re-code an Input UFM File; Re-defining Zones Matrix Input and/or Updating from a .DAT File Select Options Matrix Factoring Matrix Manipulation Statistical Analysis Viewing and/or Editing Matrix Elements Viewing Row and Column Totals Matrix Graphics Printing a complete matrix to a line printer Printing/Dumping Row and Column Totals Dumping a Matrix to an ASCII .DAT (Text) File Output UFM Matrices Stacking and Unstacking Matrices Matrix Demand Calculations The MX Box of Clever Tricks Useful Matrix Batch Files Version Control

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8-41  8-43  8-51  8-58  8-60 

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9-1 

10-2  10-5  10-10  10-11  10-14  10-23  10-25  10-32  10-36  10-37  10-39  10-40  10-40  10-40  10-41  10-44  10-45  10-46  10-47  10-48  10-55 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

11. 

P1X: Interactive Analysis of Results

11.1  11.2  11.3  11.4  11.5  11.6  11.7  11.8  11.9  11.10  11.11  11.12  11.13  11.14  11.15  11.16  11.17  11.18  11.19 

Introduction Network Plotting (P1X): The Master Menu System/device Definitions P1X External File Control The Network Window Basic Network Display Validation Options P1X Analysis Functions P1X Editing Facilities SATDB: Data Base Facilities SATLOOK: Interactive Text Outputs Node Editing and Graphical Display (SATED) Graphical Network Cordoning Pure Matrix Graphics Convergence Statistics P1X: Technical Specifications SATLOOK: Technical Specifications SATDB: Technical Specification Version Control

12. 

Supplementary Programs

12.1  12.2  12.3  12.4  12.5  12.6  12.7  12.8 

Network Cordoning (SATCH) Optimum Offsets (SATOFF) Direct Examination of UF Files (DALOOK) Direct Comparison of UF Files (DACHEX) Transferring UF files (DADUMP and DALOAD) SATPIG: Generating Route Flows SATDYSK - Dynamic Time Skims Version Control

13. 

Deriving O-D Matrices from Traffic Counts (SATME2)

13.1  13.2  13.3  13.4  13.5  13.6  13.7  13.8  13.9 

Introduction to SATME2 Matrix Estimation Data Requirements Advice on Using SATME2 and Extra Options Updating Multiple User Class O-D Matrices SATME2 Technical Specifications SATPIJA - Technical Specifications SATU2 - Selected Link Matrices “ME2” Output Files Version Control

13-2  13-17  13-27  13-40  13-47  13-49  13-51  13-52  13-54 

14. 

Control Procedures (DOS Batch Files)

14-1 

14.1  14.2  14.3 

Introduction to Control Procedures / Command Lines File Specification within Control Procedures The ‘SATURN’ Procedures

14-2  14-3  14-6 

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11-1  11-2  11-2  11-3  11-10  11-13  11-17  11-38  11-43  11-57  11-75  11-96  11-103  11-107  11-110  11-111  11-111  11-112  11-113  11-115 

12-1 

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12-2  12-14  12-18  12-18  12-18  12-19  12-22  12-26 

13-1 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

14.4  14.5  14.6  14.7  14.8  14.9  14.10  14.11  14.12 

Extended SATURN Procedures “LOG”, “KEY” and “VDU” Files: Running Interactive Programs “Off-line” Namelist Parameters Set on the Command Line Command Line Options and Batch Procedures Extended Command Line Files: Using .XCL Files QUIET Command Lines QUICK Command Lines Create Your Own BATCH Files: A Beginners’ Guide Version Control

15. 

Special Options and Facilities

15.1  15.2  15.3  15.4  15.5  15.6  15.7  15.8  15.9  15.10  15.11  15.12  15.13  15.14  15.15  15.16  15.17  15.18  15.19  15.20  15.21  15.22  15.23  15.24  15.25  15.26  15.27  15.28  15.29  15.30  15.31  15.32  15.33  15.34  15.35 

Network Aggregation and Simplification within Intermediate Bands Preferences files Network Updates (The Update Option) Updating the Trip Matrix (The Re-start Facility) Pre-Loading Fixed Flows (The “Plod” Option) Comparing Assigned and Observed Flows: GEH Statistics Use of SATURN Outside the U.K. Using SATURN as a Conventional Assignment Model Converting Conventional Speed-Flow Curves into SATURN Curves The use of Crow-Fly Distances (The SHANDY Option) Coding Combined Buffer and Simulation Networks Automatic Network Coding (The AUTOX and AUTOZ Options) Supplementary Data for Simulation Links Using Buffer Network Inputs Extra Link Data (Knobs) Node-Dependent Parameters: GAP, GAPM, NUC and LCY Simulation Link Flows and Centroid Connectors Pcu’s, Cars, Buses and Vehicles Interpolating Routes Select Link Analysis (SLA) The Dutch Option (Long Node Numbers) Referencing Data Arrays Via Dirck Access Codes Choice of Gap Parameters Re-constructing Assignment Routes: The SAVEIT Option and UFC Files Alternative Link Costs and/or Times for Tree Building Stochastic Trees Trees, Forests and Arboreta Skimming Trees and/or Forests Variable Program Dimensions Comment Cards and Blank Records in Data Files The Use of Sub-Files within Data Files: $INCLUDE Setting “Optimum” Stage Green Times Determining Fuel Consumption Determining Emission Statistics Estimating Primary and Secondary Stops Altered Data Formats in .DAT Input Files

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14-7  14-9  14-20  14-20  14-21  14-22  14-22  14-23  14-25 

15-1 

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15-3  15-8  15-9  15-10  15-12  15-14  15-16  15-17  15-20  15-29  15-30  15-31  15-33  15-34  15-38  15-41  15-42  15-43  15-44  15-45  15-47  15-49  15-50  15-60  15-63  15-64  15-64  15-75  15-76  15-76  15-78  15-84  15-85  15-87  15-87 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

15.36  15.37  15.38  15.39  15.40  15.41  15.42  15.43  15.44  15.45  15.46  15.47  15.48  15.49  15.50  15.51  15.52  15.53  15.54  15.55  15.56  15.57  15.58  15.59 

Turning Flows at Buffer Nodes Repeated Assignments: Modelling Cold Starts, etc. Non-discontinuous Speed-Flow Curves: the Kinky Option Bus-only Lanes Motorway Weaving Segments SATTUBA SATCOBA Bitmaps within SATURN Defining Bus Travel Times Representing Walk / Pedestrian Networks DBDUMP: Dumping Link Data to Text Files CLICKS: Variable Free Flow Speeds by User Class UNIQUE: Combined Queues within the Buffer Network SATURN Summary Statistics Reporting Tool (SATSTAT) SATMECC – Marginal Economic Consumer Costs Running SATURN within DIADEM Running SATURN in Parallel SATURN Multi-Core Applications SATURN CASSINI QUIET & QUICK Options via SATWIN Network Aggregation (SPIDER) Residual (Incorrect) Path Flows and Restricted Frank-Wolfe Algorithms Error Listing Files Version Control

16. 

Simulation Network Coding Example

16.1  16.2  16.3  16.4  16.5  16.6  16.7  16.8 

Traffic Signals Roundabouts Priority Junctions External Nodes Dummy Nodes Simulation Centroid Connectors Motorway Links Version Control

17. 

Multiple Time Period Modelling in SATURN

17.1  17.2  17.3  17.4  17.5  17.6  17.7  17.8  17.9  17.10 

Treatment of Over-Capacity Junctions: General Principles Actual and Demand Flow in SATURN Simulation Linked Time Periods (The PASSQ Option) Running Multiple Time Periods Using PASSQ: Simple Procedures The SATSUMA Program The Definition and Calculation of Queues and Delays Junction-based Summary Statistics Network-based Simulation Summary Statistic Combined Simulation and Buffer Total Statistics Delay-based Arrays in .ufs Files: Definitions

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15-88  15-89  15-89  15-90  15-92  15-99  15-103  15-108  15-113  15-113  15-114  15-115  15-120  15-120  15-130  15-135  15-136  15-139  15-145  15-153  15-154  15-167  15-170  15-173 

16-1  16-2  16-4  16-6  16-8  16-8  16-10  16-14  16-16 

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17-0  17-1  17-2  17-3  17-7  17-10  17-11  17-14  17-1  17-3  17-5 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

17.11  Formulae for Calculating Totals 17.12  Version Control

17-6  17-11 

18. 

Network Structure and Editing: PMAKE

18.1  18.2  18.3  18.4  18.5  18.6  18.7  18.8  18.9  18.10  18.11 

Network data base structures Network Editing PMAKE - Network Building from Scratch PMAKE: Editing Existing Networks Node Editing within PMAKE Link Editing within PMAKE Simulation Centroid Connector Editing within PMAKE (11.9.4) Capacity Indices on “New” Links U-Turns at External Simulation Nodes Disconnected Assignment Networks Version Control

19. 

Running SATURN Programs Interactively

19.1  19.2  19.3  19.4  19.5  19.6  19.7  19.8  19.9  19.10  19.11  19.12  19.13 

Introduction Graphics and Text Mode Menus Banner Menus Menu Bars (P1X only) Text Menus Windows List Boxes Setting Variables Windows Screen Edit and Edit Box Inputs Output Text Windows The Help Facility Mouse-based Inputs Version Control

20. 

Modelling Road User Charges in SATURN

20.1  20.2  20.3  20.4  20.5  20.6  20.7 

Introduction The Role of Tolls in SATURN Modelling Input of Charges (Tolls) in SATURN Calculating and Reporting Charge/Toll Statistics Examples of Charging Systems in SATURN STOLL: Modelling Stochastic Values of Times of Tolls Version Control

21. 

Alternative Network Data Structures and Assignment Methods: Origin Based (OBA) and Path Based Assignment 21-1 

21.1  21.2  21.3  21.4  21.5 

Network Data Structures Advantages and Disadvantages of OBA and Paths Perturbation Assignment (WSTART and/or IPERT) Storing Path Files: UFO and UFQ Practical Restrictions within SATURN

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18-1  18-2  18-4  18-7  18-9  18-9  18-12  18-14  18-14  18-15  18-17  18-19 

19-1  19-2  19-2  19-2  19-4  19-5  19-6  19-7  19-7  19-8  19-8  19-8  19-9  19-10 

20-1  20-2  20-2  20-3  20-6  20-7  20-8  20-10 

21-2  21-3  21-4  21-6  21-6 

SATURN MANUAL (V11.2) Contents

21.6  21.7  21.8  21.9  21.10 

Additional OBA Output Files Practical Considerations Examples of OBA Applications Further Information Version Control

22. 

Kick Starts: Updating, Warm Starts and Continuation Techniques

22.1  22.2  22.3  22.4  22.5  22.6  22.7  22.8 

Introduction to Kick Starts Review of Traditional Kick Start Options Warm Starts (WSTART = T) WSTART with Topologically Identical Networks and Matrices WSTART with Altered Networks and/or Matrices: UFO Files Warm Starts with Elastic Assignment Advantages of Kick-Starts Version Control

23. 

Linking SATURN and Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

23.1  23.2  23.3  23.4  23.5  23.6 

Introduction Exporting SATURN data to GIS Systems Importing data from GIS Systems into SATURN The Atkins MapInfo Tools SATURN GIS Creator Version Control

24. 

INDEX

24.1 

Version Control

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21-7  21-8  21-9  21-11  21-13 

22-1  22-2  22-3  22-5  22-7  22-8  22-13  22-13  22-14 

23-1  23-2  23-2  23-3  23-3  23-22  23-39 

24-1  24-27 

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