Marketing Strategies Project on Pepsico India

Project on Marketing Strategies adopted by PepsiCo India

2013-14

ABSTRACT Project aims to explore, understand and analyse the marketing strategies of PepsiCo India that has made it the number 1 drink in India. I have decided to present the marketing strategies project on PepsiCo India after studying its strategies. I have analysed on PepsiCo product range of beverages and focused on Pepsi as the subject of our analysis. I have chosen PepsiCo India for many reasons it is one of the biggest FMCG brands not only in India but also globally. Indeed PepsiCo is one of the fastest paced products worldwide. Pepsi posed an exciting opportunity to study a brand that is automatically associated with youth and energy. Pepsi is carbonated soft drink that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo which is created and developed in 1983 and introduced as “Brad`s Drink” , it was later renamed as Pepsi-cola on 28th August 1898 then to Pepsi in 1961. The ultimate objectives of Marketing Strategies is to increase volume, expand share of worldwide non alcoholic ready to drink beverages sales, maximizing long term cash flows and create economic value added by improving economic profit. Focus on enhancing value for these customers and helping them to grow their beverage business. I strive to understand each customer`s business and needs, whether that customer is sophisticated retailer in a developed market a kiosk owner in an emerging market. In this project I learn how to achieve success and fulfilling the mission which is depend on ability to satisfy more of their beverage consumption demands and our ability to add value for customers. This can be achieved by placing right products in the right markets at the right time. I have also researched extensively on Pepsi`s distribution network and have made suggestions as to how it can further improve its reach among users in the future.

Project on Marketing Strategies adopted by PepsiCo India

2013-14

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marketing Strategy and PepsiCo Strategy term is derived from the Greek word for general ship or leading an army. It is a method or plan chosen to bring about a desired future, such as achievement of a goal or solution to a problem. It is the art and science of planning and marshalling resources for their most efficient and effective use. A strategy is a long-term plan to achieve certain objectives. A marketing strategy is therefore a marketing plan designed to achieve marketing objectives. Marketing strategy is the goal of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contributes to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives. PepsiCo, Inc., incorporated in 1919, manufactures, markets and sells soft drinks and concentrates, and snack foods. PepsiCo Inc. Is an American food and beverage corporation headquartered in purchase, New York with interests in the manufacturing, marketing and distribution of grain-based snacks foods, beverages and other products? PepsiCo was formed in 1965 when Pepsi-Cola Company merged with Frito-Lay, Inc., and has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included adding Tropicana in 1998 and Quaker Oats in 2001. Based on net revenue, PepsiCo is the second largest food and beverage business in the world, and is the largest in the USA. PepsiCo has been successful in implementing the 4 managerial functions, planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Their goals and commitments are clearly defined in PepsiCo`s Mission and vision statements as well as in their “Performance with Purpose” campaign. When organization is considered, PepsiCo has turned the traditional hierarchy pyramid upside-down, placing more focus on those closest to the customer – Pepsi`s 20,000 front line performers and operation staff – by placing them at the top of the organization, The new unified organization eliminates layers of supervision, focuses on ‘teams’ designed to create fluid, efficient work processes, removes barriers to serving customers and better links upper management to the front line. PepsiCo has led its over 300,000 employees straight to the top. Their leadership is as diverse as the products they produce, made up of a board of 30 individuals from around the world, who work together to ensure the “Performance with Purpose” campaign isn’t just a catchy phrase. When it comes to the controlling phase, PepsiCo has continued to rise as a company which has made it number 1 in America and number 2 in the world. They consider their employees to be their greatest asset.

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

Project on Marketing Strategies adopted by PepsiCo India

2013-14

The main purpose of this study is to determine the different strategies that are adopted by the companies. The strategies will be evaluated to see which is the best amongst them and which are most effective. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Acceptability of Pepsi products by the consumers and marketers. Identifying the competitors and positioning Pepsi in comparison to them. To find out marketing strategy of Pepsi. To analyze the SWOT analysis of Pepsi. To know about Customer value of Pepsi. To know about Customer perception towards Pepsi brand image. To know about Customer satisfaction. Impact of market strategy on customer.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND NATURE OF DATA A Research Methodology defines the purpose of the research, how it proceeds, how to measure progress and what constitute success with respect to the objectives determined for carrying out the research study. The appropriate research design formulated is detailed below. The research methodology for the present study has been adopted to reflect these realities and help reach the logical conclusion is an objective and scientific manner.

NATURE OF DATA In order to fulfil the objectives of the study the data can be collected from two sources of data  

Primary Data Secondary Data

Primary Data For this project secondary data was used for collecting data. I have not collected any primary data or exhaustive statistical analysis. Secondary data This study is based on secondary data collected through various sources like  

Various sites in internet Published books of Management Newspapers and Magazines.

CONTENTS

Project on Marketing Strategies adopted by PepsiCo India

SR.NO CHAPTER I

CHAPTER II

PARTICULARS INTRODUCTION:

2013-14

PAGE NO. 1 - 13

MEANING OF STRATEGY

1

BENEFITS AND LIMITATION OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

3

TYPES OF FUNCTIONAL STRATEGY

4

MEANING OF MARKETING STRATEGY

6

TYPES OF MARKETING STRATEGIES

8

BENEFITS OF ADOPTING MARKETING STRATEGIES

12

LIMITATIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE FRAMING STRATEGY

13

PEPSICO COMPANY PROFILE:

14-26

INTRODUCTION

14

PRODUCT PROFILE

16

MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY PEPSICO

17

PEPSI`s - 4 P`s

22

BENEFITS OF MARKETING STRATEGIES TO PEPSICO

23

SWOT ANALYSIS OF PEPSI

25

FINDINGS & SUGGESTIONS

26

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION

27

ANNEXURE

28

BIBLIOGROPHY

31

CHAPTER - I

STRATEGY Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited. Strategy generally involves setting goals, determining actions to achieve the goals, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means (resources). A strategy is a unified, comprehensive and integrated plan that relates the strategic advantages of the firm to the challenges of the environment. It is designed to ensure that the basic objectives of the enterprise are achieved through its proper execution by the organization. Strategy can be further explained as: 

A plan or course of action or a set of decision/rules making a pattern or creating a common thread.

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A pattern or common thread related to the organization’s activities which are derived from the policies, objectives and goals.

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Concerned with pursuing those activities which move an organisation - from its current position to a planned future position

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Concerned with the resources necessary for implementing a plan or a predetermined course of action.

Today the term strategy is used in business to describe how an organization is going to achieve its overall objectives. Strategy is concerned with deciding which alternative is to be adopted to accomplish the overall objectives of the organization,

Characteristics of Strategy 1. Unified, Comprehensive and Integrated plan 2. Universal Applicability 3. Strategy Alternatives like Stable Growth Strategy, Growth Strategy, Retrenchment Strategy, and Combination Strategy. 4. Strategy Review 5. Applicable to all Functional Areas like Marketing, Production, Finance and Human Resources. 6. Allocation of Resources 7. Objective oriented 8. Related to Environment 9. Future Oriented 10. Levels of Strategy – Corporate, Business and Functional Strategy

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

Strategic Management involves the formulation and implementation of the major goals and initiatives taken by a company's top management on behalf of owners, based on consideration of resources and an assessment of the internal and external environments in which the organization competes. Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and involves specifying the organization's objectives, developing policies and plans designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the plans. Strategic management is not static in nature; the models often include a feedback loop to monitor execution and inform the next round of planning. The systematic analysis of the factors associated with customers and competitors (the internal environment) to provide the basis for maintaining optimum management practices.

PROCESS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 1) STRATEGY FORMULATION Every organization whether small or big has certain objectives to be achieved. Each of them has to prepare a broad plan for achieving those objectives. Strategy formulation means defining the strategy in a very clear and simple word. Strategy formulation means stating the outline and the features of a strategy. It simply means preparing the action plan. Strategy is a pattern or plan that integrates an organization's values, major goals, policies and action sequences into a cohesive whole. A well formulated strategy helps to marshal and allocate an organization's resources into a unique and viable posture based on its relative internal competencies and shortcomings, anticipated changes in the environment, and contingent moves by intelligent opponents. 2) STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION It is important to ensure that the strategy is implemented effectively; Strategy implementation is an important aspect of strategic management. It is the sum total of all the activities and choices required for the execution of a strategic plan. It is the process by which strategies and policies are put into action through the development of programs, budgets and procedures. 3) STRATEGY EVALUATION The strategic management process results in decisions that can have significant long-lasting consequences. Erroneous strategic decisions can inflict severe penalties and can exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to reverse. Most strategists agree, and therefore, that strategy evaluation is vital for an organisation’s well-being; timely evaluations can alert management to problems or potential problems before a situation becomes critical. Strategy evaluation includes three basic activities: 1. Examining the underlying bases of a firm’s strategy. 2. Comparing expected results with actual results 3. Taking corrective actions to ensure that performance conforms to plans.

BENEFITS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

1. Choice of strategy – strategic management helps the management to select the best possible strategy. 2. Competitive Advantage – Innovation, after-sale-service and other activities generate competitive advantage to the firms. 3. Corporate Image – Due to strategic management the performance and image of the firms improve. 4. Organisational Efficiency – Efficiency is the ratio of returns to costs. Due to Strategic management the firms gain higher returns at lower costs. 5. Organisational Objectives - Strategic management enables a firm to effectively implement strategies in all functional areas like production, marketing, finance, human resources etc 6. Organising Resources – Strategic management helps in proper allocation and utilization of resources. 7. SWOT Analysis – SWOT analysis helps the firm to keep pace with the changing nature of the environment affecting the organisation. 8. Facilitates Planning - Strategic management facilitates proper planning of various activities in the organisation. The alternative plans are analysed in terms of benefits and costs.

LIMITATIONS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 1. Limitation of Assumptions - Strategic management is based on certain premises or assumptions it can be unrealistic and cannot be implemented effectively. 2. Problem in Analyzing Environment – organization may not clearly analyse the opportunities and threats of the external environment. 3. Unrealistic Mission and Objectives - Strategic management may not achieve success if the mission and objectives are not realistic. 4. Problem of Setting Targets- Shortfall in implementing a target may result in frustration or de-motivation 5. Problem in Implementation - if the strategy is not implemented properly then even an exceptional good strategy may not produce desired results. 6. Lack of Evaluation – there may be lack of proper evaluation and control which may render the process of Strategic management unsuccessful. 7. Lack of Commitment of Lower Level - Strategic management requires people with vision, expertise, commitment and dedication which are rarely available for making organization successful. 8. More theoretical in Nature - Strategic management is a very theoretical in nature.

FUNCTIONAL STRATEGIES

The strategies should give direction to the managers who will use and implement the plans and policies the best and proper method, way to adopt it. The selection of the best strategy alternative is not the end of strategy formulation. Policies define the ground rule for implementation. A policy defines the area in which decisions are to be made, but it does not give the decision. It spells out the sanctioned general direction and areas to be followed. Functional strategies operate below the Strategic Business unit or business level strategies. Functional strategies or functional plans and policies are made within the guidelines set at higher levels. Plans are made to select a course of action while policies are required to act as guidelines to action. Environmental factors relevant to each function area have an impact on the choice of plans and policies. Functional areas are traditionally divided into finance, marketing, production and personnel. Strategies can be divided as basic, general, departmental. Organisations frame strategies in al functional areas. The functional areas include - Human Resource Strategies, Marketing Strategies, Financial Strategies and Operational Strategies.

TYPES OF FUNCTIONAL STRATEGIES

FUNCTIONAL STRATEGIES

HUMAN RESOURCE S

MARKETING

1) Human Resource Strategies  Recruitment and Selection Strategy  Training strategy  Performance Appraisal Strategy  Promotion strategy  Transfer Strategy  Compensation and Motivation strategy

2) Marketing Strategies I.

Product Strategy

FINANCE

OPERATIONAL/ PRODUCTION

 Product Line (Multi product or diversified)  Development of Product  Other policies (Packaging) II.

Pricing Strategy

Skimming  Rapid skimming- high price heavy promotion  Slow skimming-high price low promotion Penetration  Rapid Pricing – low price heavy promotion  Slow penetration- low price low promotion Follow leader pricing, differential pricing III.

Distribution Strategy  Area of distribution, training of dealers  Promotion and market research Strategy  Advertising, media selection.

3) Financial Strategy  Use Fixed capital  Utilization of funds  Framing Capital structure-equity, preference etc  Provision- future needs.

4) Operational Strategy  Capacity for production  Size and location of plant  Technology and modernization  Quality of products  Research and development

MARKETING STRATEGY:

Marketing strategy is the goal of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contribute to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives. Marketing strategies are dynamic and interactive. They are partially planned and partially unplanned. Strategies are dynamics Your well-developed marketing strategy will help you realise your business's goals and build a strong reputation for your products. A good marketing strategy helps you target your products and services to the people most likely to buy them. It should be planned and developed in consultation with your team. It is a wide-reaching and comprehensive strategic planning tool that: 

describes your business and its products and services

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explains the position and role of your products and services in the market

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profiles your customers and your competition

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identifies the marketing tactics you will use

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Allows you to build a marketing plan and measure its effectiveness.

5 key of Marketing Strategy concepts – 1) Product Positioning and Product Differentiation – it influence how consumers perceive a brand`s characteristics relative to those of competitive offerings 2) Environmental Analysis – it is the assessment of the external forces and how they are changing that will influence the firm, its product and its customer, and that create threats and opportunities. 3) Marketing Research – it applied consumer research designed to provide managers with information on factors that impact consumer’s acquisition, consumption and disposition of goods, services and ideas. 4) Marketing – Mix Developments – it involves development and coordination of activities involving Product, Pricing, Promotion and Distribution

5) Segmentation of Customers – it involves subdividing the market place into distinct subsets of customers having similar needs and wants, each of which can be reached with a different marketing mix.

 What does marketing strategy have to do with this materialization out of nothing?

Marketing strategy is sorting out who your audience actually is, and then finding out what has meaning for them. What do they care about, and how does this relate to your offer? What message can you deliver that is both true and meets your consumer squarely at the level of their needs? Marketing strategy is the process of uncovering messages that can be heard. Marketing strategy allows you to answer the crucial question your offer must address: “Why should I care?” To paraphrase Peter Drucker: Consumers do not buy what you sell. They buy what has value to them.

 Why does marketing strategy matter?

In marketing, there is strategy and there are tactics. A lot of marketing, in practice, is preoccupied with what I call tactical experimentation. This is the act of throwing all kinds of things out at the world or at broad demographic targets to see what works. As you do this you are spending money, potentially lots of it. The idea in this method is to do this until you find some marketing actions that work, and when you find them you can then do more of those. This process often results in the classic Wanamaker dilemma—”Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I don’t know which half.” He was speaking of advertising, but the principle applies.

TYPES OF MARKEING STRATEGIES

There are four (4) main types of marketing strategies that businesses can apply in marketing their products or services.

1. Market Leader Strategies Under this strategy, there are three ways in which you could use it to establish yourself as a market leader. The first way is to expand your total market. This is done by applying strategies that will increase the numbers of consumers using your product or services. To lead you must find new uses of existing products or targeting a new market. In identifying new markets, you might have to source consumers in locations where your product is not known. Defending the market share you are in control of is the second strategy. The most effective ways of defending your current market is by capitalizing on improving the quality of your products to be able to retain consumers. Market segmentation helps in defending your market share. The third strategy is to expand your market share. To expand your market share you need to aggressively counter completion. A business can deal with completion by doing what your competitor does not.

2. Market Challenger Marketing Strategy The market challenger marketing strategy means that you research and identify minor unmet needs that you believe your business can cater for competitively. There is little or no competition here, and it makes it easy to establish yourself in the market. Challengers use the weaknesses of their competitors as their selling point.

3. Market Niche Marketing Strategy Having a market niche means that your market is differentiated into fine tuned segments. The niches make it easier to address the need of consumers in each of the market niches. This is a fundamental type of marketing strategy as you are able to address the differing preferences of diverse consumers as well as moving with current trends in the market. Diversifying the market will enable you to reach out to a wider market.

4. Market Follower Marketing Strategy The market follower depend waits for his competitors to identify markets and carry out research consumer preferences. As a follower, you need to be keen your competitor’s weaknesses and improve on them. This marketing strategy saves you on cost arising from having to carry out research because you only have to work on your competitors weaknesses to better your products.

Some more types of Marketing Strategies

Marketing is the important aspect of an organisation. The success of the organisation is largely attributed to the performance of the marketing. Therefore there must be suitable strategies

1. PRODUCT STRATEGY Every organisation must have appropriate product strategy. The product strategy enables to take decisions in respect of 

Product Line/Mix A company may follow either a single product strategy or a multi-product strategy. A company may concentrate on core product line or a diversified product line business.

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Development of new products A firm must decide about the development of new products or modified products to face the competition in the market and to meet the needs and wants of the customers.

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Other Product policies A firm must decide on other product policies in respect of Policies relating to - product packaging, Product Positioning, Branding and Brand extension.

2. PRICING STRATEGY While fixing prices, a firm may consider several factors such as cost of the product, demand for the product, competition in the market, the nature of product, the nature of consumers, objectives of the firm etc. 

Skimming pricing strategy High prices are charged in order to earn high profit margins. A firm may follow either – Rapid skimming - where high prices are charged and there is heavy promotion. Slow skimming – where high prices are charged and there is low promotion.

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Penetration pricing strategy Low price are charged in order to capture a good market share. A firm may follow either – Rapid Penetration – where low prices are charge and there is heavy promotion. Slow Penetration - where low prices are charge and there is low promotion.

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Other Pricing strategies There are several other pricing strategies such as – follow the leader pricing. Standard pricing, Differential pricing, Trial pricing, Probe pricing.

3. PROMOTION STRATEGY A firm must frame policies in respect of promotion. The various promotion strategies are in respect of – 

Advertising Strategy

A firm must frame strategy in the area of advertising in respect of –

o Advertising budget strategies – brand-wise, area-wise, period-wise and media-wise. o Media scheduling strategies – bursting, flighting, pulsing etc. o Media Selection strategy – depending upon nature of product, competitors, advertising, consumers. 

Sales Promotion Strategy

A firm must give proper emphasis on sales promotion techniques. Therefore a firm must frame sales promotion strategy in respect of o The amount of funds to be spent on sales promotion techniques like discounts, exchange offers, free gifts, samples etc. o Decision on areas like after-sale-service, guarantees etc o Duration and timing of sales promotion offers – whether during festival periods. o Products or brands and the market areas which needs to be given more focus for sales. 

Publicity Publicity plays an important role in promotion of goods and services. Publicity is gaining public visibility or awareness for a product, service or your company via the media. Therefore a firm needs to frame proper publicity strategy in respect of -

o The media to be concentrated for publicity, o The period or timing of publicity, o The relationships with various media people, o The amount of funds to be allocated for publicity purpose, such as on event marketing during product launch, gifts t the media people etc 

Personal Selling Strategy Personal selling is a promotional method in which one party (e.g., salesperson) uses skills and techniques for building personal relationships with another party (e.g., involved in a purchase decision) that results in both parties obtaining value. It plays an important role in promoting the sale of products, especially in the case of industrial goods.

o o o o 

Therefore proper decisions must be taken in respect of – The number of sales force, selection and training. The compensation to the sales force. The products, which require personal selling efforts. The markets or areas where personal selling is required etc. Marketing Research Strategy Marketing research plays an important role in marketing of goods and services. Marketing research is "the process or set of processes that links the consumers, customers, and end users to the marketer through information. It is the systematic gathering, recording, and

analysis of qualitative and quantitative data about issues relating to marketing products and services. A firm must decide in respect of – o The products which requires market research o The markets where marketing research to be conducted. o The type of marketing research such as sales research, product research, consumer research, o o o o

pricing research etc. The amount of funds to be invested in marketing research The duration and timing of marketing research. Whether marketing research to be conducted in-house, or by an external agency. If in-house selection and training of marketing research staff.

4. DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY A firm must frame strategy in respect of distribution. The distribution strategy needs to be framed in respect of – o Channels of distribution – whether direct channels or indirect channels. o Areas of distribution – whether local, regional, national or international. o Dealers network – the number of dealers, area-wise, product-wise. o Dealers training – training to the staff of dealers, especially in the case of consumer durables so that they are familiar with the features and operations of the product. o Dealer’s incentives and compensation – commission to be paid to the dealers and additional incentives to push the sales in the market.

BENEFITS/ADVANTAGES OF ADOPTING MARKETING STRATEGIES This means business owners can create a marketing plan that they are more comfortable with and take advantage of marketing methods that are best for their company. A marketing strategy is the foundation and key element to achieving success. This is all possible because marketing saves time and helps business owners to define their product and let potential consumers know they exist.

1. Increase in Sales & Expansion of Business Marketing strategies helps company to choose the best possible strategy and implement in a very effective way which will help to increase sale of product. Proper marketing strategies help to expand the business which results into great profit and capture a huge place in market which would be very difficult for small business to compete with you.

2. Increase in Profit

Effective implementation of marketing strategies enables a company to achieve its organisational objectives such as increase in profit and increase in market share. The company gains higher returns at lower cost.

3. Provides a Plan Not everyone markets according to a plan, and this is the very reason one should write down a plan and stick to it. A marketing plan acts as a guide as the business progresses, so owners can see where their time and money is going. It provides a look into the future goals of the company, and gives stepby-step directions on how to achieve those goals.

4. Defining a Brand Defining a brand means knowing what you are selling, and to whom you’re selling it to. In other words, you must also define your audience. Without knowing who to market to, business owners can lose. Due to marketing strategies the image of the company improves in the mind of various people.

5. Out-flanking Your Competition With knowledge gained from identifying your best customer profile you can create a core marketing message that will differentiate you from your competition.

6. Make it easy for them to find You We call it a Total Web Presence. Your website is your hub and all of your marketing tactics are designed to direct your prospects to your educational hub. That includes offline as well as online. A great marketing strategy will help you identify where you prospects “hang out” and that enables you to put out “bread crumbs” of content which redirect them to your website.

LIMITATIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE FRAMING MARKETING STRATEGIES Marketing strategies can give your marketing efforts and campaigns a focus. Instead of hoping that customers find their way to your small business or marketing to everyone all the time, marketing strategies help to divide what is an ocean of consumers into navigable segments. These segments can then be addressed individually so that your marketing message is attractive to each

1. Cost Adverting and marketing costs money. If you don’t do the proper research then you might end up throwing money away. Wasting marketing efforts by targeting the wrong audience using an inappropriate medium would be a serious and costly mistake. So it is important to do your research beforehand and keep your costs to a minimum.

2. Investment of time – Researching the appropriate marketing strategy, designing and writing the adverts, getting them published, dealing with any response. It’s important to spend time keeping track of how successful or

not your marketing campaign is. A potential disadvantage of marketing here is the risk of time wasted for an unsuccessful campaign.

3. Failure An obvious disadvantage to a promotional strategy is its potential for failure. You could invest time and money designing and advertising a sale, and sacrifice normal profits during the promotion, only to achieve moderate results. Careful research and expert advice from a marketing consultant can help maximize your chances for success, but nothing’s guaranteed.

4. Predictability If your promotions occur in a predictable pattern, potential customers might wait for a sale rather than buy the product or service at full price now. That means if a retail clothing store offers a sizable discount on most holidays, sales will be low between holidays, and relatively few customers will ever pay full price.

5. Bargain Hunters New customers might learn to love your product or service and become long-term clients. Or they might abandon you as soon as the promotion is over and continue to hunt for bargains. Converting bargain hunters to permanent customers depends on developing brand loyalty.

6. Competitions Competitors in the marketing space may be another disadvantage. You have to work hard to make your product stand out or else you may lay back in spite of spending your time and money.

CHAPTER - II PEPSICO INDIA The recipe for Pepsi (the soft drink), was first developed in the 1880s by a pharmacist and industrialist from New Bern, North Carolina, named Caleb Bradham-who called it "Pepsi-Cola" in 1898. As the cola developed in popularity, he created the Pepsi-Cola Company in 1902 and registered a patent for his recipe in 1903. The Pepsi-Cola Company was first incorporated in the state of Delaware in 1919. The company went bankrupt in 1931 and on June 8 of that year, the trademark and syrup recipe were purchased by Charles Guth who owned a syrup manufacturing business in Baltimore, Maryland. Guth was also the president of Loft, Incorporated, a leading candy manufacturer, and he used the company's labs and chemists to reformulate the syrup. He further contracted to stock the soda in Loft's large chain of candy shops and restaurants, which were known for their soda fountains, used Loft resources to promote Pepsi, and moved the soda company to a location close by Loft's own facilities in New York City. In 1935, the shareholders of Loft sued Guth for his 91% stake of Pepsi-Cola Company in the

landmark case Guth v. Loft Inc. Loft won the suit and on May 29, 1941 formally absorbed Pepsi into Loft, which was then re-branded as Pepsi-Cola Company that same year. In the early 1960s, the company's product lines expanded with the creation of Diet Pepsi and purchase of Mountain Dew. PepsiCo was the first company to stamp expiration dates, starting in March 1994 MERGER OF PEPSICO In 1965, the Pepsi-Cola Company merged with Frito-Lay, Inc. to become PepsiCo, Inc., the company it is known as at present. At the time of its foundation, PepsiCo was incorporated in the state of Delaware and headquartered in Manhattan, New York. The company's headquarters were relocated to its still-current location of Purchase, New York in 1970, and in 1986 PepsiCo was reincorporated in the state of North Carolina. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTMENTS Between the late-1970s and the mid-1990s, PepsiCo expanded via acquisition of businesses outside of its core focus of packaged food and beverage brands; however it exited these non-core business lines largely in 1997, selling some, and spinning off others into a new company named Tricon Global Restaurants, which later became known as Yum! Brand, Inc. PepsiCo purchased the orange juice company Tropicana Products in 1998, and merged with Quaker Oats Company in 2001, adding with it the Gatorade sports drink line and other Quaker Oats brands such as Chewy Granola Bars and Aunt Jemima, among others. In August 2009, PepsiCo made a $7 billion offer to acquire the two largest bottlers of its products in North America: Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas. In 2010 this acquisition was completed, resulting in the formation of a new wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo, Pepsi Beverages Company. In February 2011, the company made its largest international acquisition by purchasing a two-thirds (majority) stake in Wimm-Bill-Dann Foods, a Russian food company that produces milk, yogurt, fruit juices, and dairy products. When it acquired the remaining 23% stake of Wimm-Bill-Dann Foods in October 2011, PepsiCo became the largest food and Beverage Company in Russia. In July 2012, PepsiCo announced a joint venture with the Theo Muller Group which was named Muller Quaker Dairy. PEPSICO AND MARKETING STRATEGY Its marketing strategy is mainly to work within the company “Performance with a Purpose Strategy”. Bring Customers in my promoting a product that promotes a theory of making the world better- Smart Selling and focusing on Business Portfolio Analysis, where to sell their productInternational Markets, making products that fit in customers life style-Customer Relationships. It's been years since Wild Cherry Pepsi saw any sort of significant marketing support. According to Beverage Digest, Wild Cherry Pepsi grew 2.9% last year, compared to a 3% decline for the entire

carbonated soft drink category. Pepsi has been focused on a trademark, or master brand, approach this year, preferring to put its marketing muscle behind ads that feature multiple brands in the case of an ad airing during the Academy Awards. CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT OF PEPSICO INDIA John Grozier, SAP's vice-president of CRM product marketing. Pepsi selected SAP to kick off of a major business transformation for the company. Ultimately this is an enterprise-wide decision and the specific plans being worked out right now. The CRM campaign asks consumers to suggest ways that Pepsi can get involved in social causes. With the effort, PepsiCo is taking its marketing initiatives to where its target audience is already spending much of its time. EMPLOYEES ENVIRONMENT They have hired 300,000 entrepreneurs, dreamers, doers, rainmakers and shakers. They encourage them to be the best at whatever they’re doing and whoever they are. Stretch assignments, early responsibility, job rotations and awesome mentors are just part of what makes the real world at PepsiCo an unbeatable training ground. At PepsiCo, they provide more than a salary. Total Rewards is everything receive as an employee – your pay, health care benefits, wellness programs, retirement plans and work/life benefits. Each year, you have the opportunity to choose the health and insurance benefits that are right for you and your family. PepsiCo's savings and retirement benefits are designed to help you reach your future retirement goals. The plans are designed to work together.

PROFILE OF PRODUCT The goal of PepsiCo India is to nourish consumers with a range of products that deliver great taste, convenience and affordability, from simple treats to healthy offerings.

Foods PepsiCo’s foods division Frito-Lay is the leader in the branded salty snack market. All its products are free of trans-fat and MSG. It manufactures Lay’s potato chips; Cheetos extruded snacks, Uncle Chipps and traditional snacks under the Kurkure and Lehar brands. The company’s high-fibre breakfast cereal, Quaker Oats and low-fat and roasted snack options like Aliva increase the number of healthy choices available to consumers.



Cheetos

    

Kurkure Lay’s Lehar Namkeen Quaker Oats Uncle Chipps

Beverages PepsiCo India’s expansive portfolio includes iconic refreshment beverages Pepsi, 7UP, Nimbooz, Mirinda, Slice and Mountain Dew, in addition to low-calorie options such as Diet Pepsi, hydrating and nutritional beverages such as Aquafina drinking water, isotonic sports drink Gatorade and fruit juices such as Tropicana.          

7UP Aquafina Duke's Gatorade Mirinda Mountain Dew Nimbooz Pepsi Slice Tropicana

MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY PEPSICO 1. ADVERTISING STRATEGY PepsiCo use different mediums of advertising – Print Media They often use print media for advertisement. They have a separate department for print media. POS Material Pos material mean point of sale material this includes: posters and stickers display in the stores and in different areas. TV Commercials As everybody knows that TV is most common entertaining medium so TV Commercials is one of the most attractive ways of doing advertisement. So Pepsi Company does regular TV commercials on different channels.

Billboards and Holdings Pepsi is very much conscious about their billboards and holdings. They have so many sites in different locations for their billboards. Be it the IPL season or Cricket and FIFA World Cup or festive occasions like Navaratri, Pepsi pours out its advertisements and campaigns on billboards, television, radio, internet, Newspapers and Magazines. This not only increases its visibility manifold, but also significantly serves as a strong Brand Recall.

2. PRICING STRATEGY PepsiCo has been shaping its pricing strategies in ways which will suit the soft drink global market. Pepsi has

also adopted segmented pricing strategy making the price of its products be higher in luxurious hotels and other executive sectors. Seen as sold They do agreements with a shop keepers and stores to exclusive sale in stores. These stores are called as KEY accounts in their local language. And Pepsi also invest heavy budget on these stores and offers them free samples and free bottles and some time cash incentives. Pepsi have a good sale in the market because according to expert which product is seen more in the market that sells more Different Price In Different Seasons Sometimes PepsiCo change their product price according to season. In India summer is to be a good season for beverage so in winter they reduce their prices to maintain their sales and profit. The pricing strategy of PepsiCo is to reduce the price of its products during holy months like Ramadan and Eid. This serves as a promotional price strategy for the company.

3. DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Pepsi Company makes two types of sellingDirect Selling In direct selling they supply their products in shops by using their own transports. They have almost 450 vehicles to supply their bottles. In this type of selling company have more profit margin. Indirect Selling They have their whole sellers and agencies to cover all area. Because it is very difficult for them to cover all area of INDIA by their own so they have so many whole sellers and agencies to assure their customers for availability of Pepsi products. Facilitating the product by infrastructure for providing their product in good manner Pepsi company has provided infrastructure which includes – Visicooler, Freezers, Display Racks, Free empty bottles and shells for bottles

4. POSITIONING

Pepsi in India categorically targets the youth. With the “Oh Yes Abhi” campaign it positions the brand with the Youngistaan Brigade. It has religiously employed august personalities from these Cricket and Bollywood to create an inspirational reference groups. It has always positioned itself as a brand of the current age by continually changing its brand ambassadors: from Juhi Chawla to Deepika Padukone, Aamir Khan to Ranbir Kapoor and Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar to Unmukt Chand.

5. PROMOTION STRATEGY Getting shelves They gets or purchase shelves in big departmental stores and display their products in that shelves in that style which show their product more clear and more attractive for the consumers. Eye Catching Position Salesman of the Pepsi Company positions their freezers and their products in eyecatching positions. Normally they keep their freezers near the entrance of the stores. Sale Promotion Company also do sponsorships with different college and school’s cafes and sponsors their sports events and other extra curriculum activities for getting market share. UTC Scheme UTC mean under the crown scheme, Pepsi often do this type of scheme and they offer very handy prizes in it. Like once they offer bicycles, caps, TV sets, cash prizes etc. This scheme is very much popular among children

6. INNOVATIVE CAMPAIGN Target Customer: Youth in Urban Cities. The campaigns have been customized with catchy slogans that use a hybridized set of Hindi and English words, Hinglish to be in coherence to the language the youth. Popular Campaigns were: Yehi Hai Right Choice Baby, Aha! (1990), Ye Dil Maange More (1999-2006), Ye Pyaas hai Badi (2000),Ye hai Youngistaan Meri Jaan (2009), Change the Game (2011), Oh Yes Abhi (2013-14) In ‘Oh Yes Abhi’, Pepsi portrays the ‘impatience’ of the so called ‘Youngistaan’. Celebrity endorsers such as Ranbir Kapoor and Mahendra Singh Dhoni have been roped in for the campaign. Through this initiative, Pepsi has engaged audiences through large scale ATL communication activities. World Cup Association PepsiCo has spent INR 160 Crore to Board of Control for Cricket to bag the title sponsorship and the tournament was officially declared PEPSI IPL 2013-14. It gained a lion share of 67% exposure among central sponsors, Repucom International. Pepsi Concerts -

A.R Rehman distinct style, lyrics and songs have made him an instant hit among them asses in INDIA. His enormous popularity in the country & abroad is supported by Pepsi`s commitment towards providing healthy and fun-filled entertainment for the youth of INDIA. Pepsi Food Mela With a splash of food, fun & prizes to be won, the Pepsi food mela treated the people of mumbai, to a festive food festival comprising of 50 restaurants, spread out all over the bustling city’s map. The promotion saw the avid families and friends enjoying the delicacies at the restaurants; all resiliently upholding the Pepsi identity. Go out and get some Pepsi Ramzan Campaign – A very special occasion for the people of INDIA Ramzan saw another very special Pepsi`s promotion, marketing the popular 1.5 litre PET bottle & the 1 litre bottle with a super price-off promotion. The emphasis on enjoying Pepsi at “Iftar” with friends & family. Pepsi TV Mazza – The Pepsi new campaign is Pepsi T.V Mazza, it is a UTC Scheme in which people are getting television sets of different sizes. These days this scheme is very popular among the people.

Pepsi Shopping Festival – Pepsi hosted “The Pepsi Shopping Festival” Lahore`s first shopping festival, are sounding success with tempting discounts, live music, great prizes and fireworks. Liberty marketing DELHI was a hive of activity during the weeklong shopping extravaganza. The inaugural event proved so popular that it is now set to become an annual fixture. Covert Advertisement Pepsi as a brand has been featured in several movies like Subhash Ghai’s Taal and Karan Johar’s My Name is Khan to create a brand recall. Targeting Health Conscious Groups It has introduced products with low sugar, zero sodium and saturated fat. Through its bottled water, juices and sport drinks like Gatorades, PepsiCo is aspiring to outperform its rival. Pepsi Pet Promotion – In 1996 Pepsi launched 1.5 litre Pet contour bottles for the first time in INDIA targeting house wives and family home. It took a limelight and gained momentum with a campaign promoting the unique packaging. Pepsi Pet was offered through “Price Off” promotion in the market.

7. INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY PepsiCo’s international activities in Saudi Arabia, China, Mexico, India and Eastern Europe account for more than half of the company revenue and its operating profit. As a result, the company has been increasing its global advertisements all over the 190 countries in which it runs its businesses. The global advertisement is an international strategy used by the company to create brand awareness. The company has recognized the need to have a careful integration of high standards in its various supply chains and more so at the retail level across the world as a strategy of increasing its competitive advantage. The company also strives to ensure excellence and specifically for the brands or products together with the packaging, advertising and marketing as a way of ensuring customer loyalty and brand loyalty. The rationale behind this company strategy is to ensure that all customer get high quality products and this is because quality controls are highly realized in the process of bottling, packaging and from the warehouses to the shelves. As part of its international strategy, PepsiCo markets its products using the localization process where the local bottlers in the subsequent countries determine which products to pact in order to sell in their locality. The strategy behind this is to ensure that its products are produced in the country where they will be consumed.

8. BRAND RIVAL STRATEGY i) 

The Pepsi Store: Urban Strategy In order to penetrate the urban sector this store will be opened in most of the tier 1, 2 and 3 cities, especially in the hubs: an educational hub or an industrial hub. These stores will be of Franchise Owned Franchise Operated model, and they have to pay the company certain amount of money yearly or half – yearly. These stores will associate itself with the education centre attracting the youth, as the entire product portfolio will be available in these.



Secondly, they can also associate with the shopping centres creating Pepsi Floor or Pepsigasm courts, where the furniture and the floor will be painted in Pepsi colours, depicting its logo, its major brands.

In order to advertise, these stores will open exclusive stalls in college fests, corporate meals, and government fares and in other public gathering occasions.

ii)

The Pepsi Pouch: Rural Strategy



It is time Pepsi needs to shift focus to the severely untapped potential of rural market.

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In order to gain its stand on rural market, company has to focus upon three factors – Availability, Affordability & Acceptability. As we know the cost of soft drinks and other

products are considered as high range products because of the low per capita income, therefore a single 300 ml Pepsi bottle is generally shared between two. In order to mitigate this problem, Pepsi pouches can be introduced at a reduced price of Rs.3. 

This pouch will be a 100 ML soft drink pouch. This pouch is a plastic pouch which is fitted with a capped straw to drink.

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Distribution model is as follows: Factory -> Regional / Zonal Distributor -> Multiple Local Distributors -> Caravan / Mobile Distributors -> Consumers

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This particular packaging can compete head on with the generic colas as distributed by regular mom-pop shops in the villages.

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The penetration is expected to increase by 30%, as forecasted according to historic scenario of introduction of 200ml bottles at the half price of 300 ml bottles.

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Pepsi should improve the design of the package first. As it is advertised as” the choice of new generation”, the design must be looked young and fresh. So the colour should be more sharp and attractive.

Pepsi’s 4P’s 1. PRODUCT 

Basic Ingredients: carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup, sugar, colourings, phosphoric acid, caffeine, citric acid and natural flavours. The caffeine free Pepsi-Cola contains the same ingredients minus caffeine.



PepsiCo India’s product line includes Pepsi, 7UP, Nimbooz, Mirinda, Slice and Mountain Dew, in addition to low-calorie options such as Diet Pepsi, hydrating and nutritional beverages such as Aquafina drinking water, isotonic sports drink Gatorade and fruit juices such as Tropicana and Tropicana 100%.



It has launched Duke Brand of drinks in Raspberry, Gingerade, Ice Cream Soda and Masala Soda flavours, along with retro-packaging to remind consumers of the brand.

1. PLACE 

Sold in almost every General Store, Super Store, Theatre, Restaurants and even in vending machines in almost every country.

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PI sells the Pepsi brand concentrates to bottling partners who manufacture and bottle the Pepsi products and distribute it to consumers via various channels e.g. major supermarket chains, convenience stores, smaller milk bars, restaurants and fast food outlets.

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Product is made available in adequate quantities at places where customers are normally expected to shop through Direct Distribution and Indirect Distribution,

2. PRICE 

Pepsi decides its price on the basis of competition. It has not taken the position of a price leader/loss leader and has always chosen the competitor to set the price and decide upon its pricing strategies later.



The Indian customer is price conscious, Price Inelastic and loyal to traditional products. The strategy here is to keep the price as low as possible.

3. PROMOTION 

Pepsi, Cricket and Bollywood have been joined at the hip since the cola’s entry into India.



Pepsi pours Million of rupees every year into celebrity advertising, and this is done by having a Pan India celebrity like the Indian Cricket teams captain MS Dhoni, or Sachin Tendulkar, while at the regional level, stars with a more local fan following are used.



Pepsi needs to explore opportunities and increase visibility by smart and consistent use of social media.

BENEFITS OF MARKETING STRATEGIES TO PEPSICO 1. Brand Image Branding is a potent element for a product. As for PepsiCo their strategy to heighten their brand awareness was with multiple projects under the name “Pepsi Refresh”, campaign, events and a great list of celebrities as the brand endorser which shows their strong presence as a sponsor and also a strong and valuable brand. A consumer from different country can identify Pepsi though it`s in a foreign language and they may still recognize the product immediately. They have delicately positioned the brand in the mind of customers so that customer thinks of the brand in the right or desired manner which will in the end maximize potential benefit to the company.

2. Gain Vast Attention Pepsi has associates themselves with these keywords- fun, refreshing, youthfulness and had appeal the younger generation. Even with the usage of famous celebrity endorsers had gained vast attention from all ages of consumers. 3. Fulfilment of Objectives Pepsi has set their objectives according to the resources they possess and these achieved its objective are quite appropriate under the prevailing competitive position and the opportunities.

4. Increase in Sales PepsiCo has boosted sales with its different kind of marketing strategies. In 2011 Cricket World Cup was a mega success and boosted the sales a lot. The reason for increase in sales is –    

Advertisement had created a great impact in increasing sale. Pepsi gave heavy incentives to its sales team for achieving targets. Publicity at Pepsi Outlets by putting attractive signboards, paint at different outlets. Pay incentives to shop keepers in terms of freezers, sign boards for shops, as wellas in terms of



discounts. Making good relations with key accounts.

5. Increase in Market Share With the help of effective marketing strategies PepsiCo had increase its sales and profit thus increase in market share. He is now second largest company in the world.

6. Easily Availability Pepsi is much more widely available by creating sort of convenience for consumers thus getting the loyalty of the consumers.

7. Competitive Advantage

To distinguish themselves from other competitors PepsiCo have always targeted younger generation. Their advertising and marketing strategies are fixed to target teen’s age with fun and music. PepsiCo has a tremendous opportunity to duplicate this strategy in other areas of the world. PepsiCo has effectively faced the competition in the market.

8. Volume Growth Beverage and foods maker PepsiCo has reported flat volume growth in beverages for the quarter ended June 14, 2014 (the firm follows a 12-week quarters which does not correspond directly with a traditional three month reporting system) and low single digit growth for snacks during the same period in India. The company noted, “In the previous quarter, net revenue grew 1 per cent, reflecting volume growth and favourable effective net pricing, partially offset by the impact of the prior year refranchising of our Vietnam beverage business, which negatively impacted net revenue growth by 2 percentage points.”

9. Customer Satisfaction Selling a non-alcoholic soft drink is a quench the thirst of their consumers. Core benefit is the fundamental need or want that consumers satisfy by consuming the product or service. The expected product is defined as a set of attributes or characteristics that buyers normally expect and agree to when they purchase a product. When consumer gets a hold of a PepsiCo product they are expecting the sweet, citrusy flavour burst. PepsiCo has a great customer support as they offer easy accessibility and fast response as well as Pepsi availability as a when required. 10. Logo Reorganization The logo of the company still has its image in the minds of the people. With all the respondents they would recognize the “Pepsi” Logo.

11. Innovative Products PepsiCo have fine-tuned and ramped up with innovation machine, increasing our rate of success of new innovations to make this one of PepsiCo’s best years ever for innovation products across multiple markets and unlock growth opportunities in new product categories, such as dairy, hummus and other fresh dips, and baked grain snacks. Over the last decade our nutrition business revenue has grown substantially and, in 2013, represented approximately 20% of PepsiCo’s net revenue.

12. Globalization Globalization go-to-market capability is one of PepsiCo’s most important strategic advantages, and, in 2013 they further reinforced this key differentiator in very tangible ways. They have increased number of routes in key markets and greatly improved in-store presence for snack and beverage portfolio.

SWOT Analysis of PepsiCo

1.

Strengths

 Huge brand recognition among consumers One of PepsiCo`s top brands is of course Pepsi, one of the most recognized brands of the world.  Strong and efficient supply chain network, ensuring that all the products are available even in the most remote place. 

Diversified product portfolio

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Global reach with presence in over 200 countries.

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Excellent branding and advertising with global celebrity as brand ambassadors.

2.

Weakness

 Overdependence on Wal-Mart - Wal-Mart is PepsiCo’s largest customer 

Overdependence on US Markets - Large US customers could exploit PepsiCo’s lack of bargaining power and negatively impact its revenues.

3.

Opportunities

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Increase penetration into developing countries and capture their market

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Per capita consumption of juice is quite low, which implies huge scope in upcoming years

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Mergers and acquisitions to strengthen the brand

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Innovation continues to broaden its product base by introducing True North Nut Snacks and increasing its Lipton Tea venture with Unilever. These recent initiatives will enable PepsiCo to adjust to the changing lifestyles of its consumers.

4.

Threats

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Stiff competition from unbranded and local products. Entry of more domestic and international players

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Inflation, economic slowdown and instability causes decline in the purchasing power of consumers. PepsiCo is in the process of diversification, but is likely to feel the impact of the projected decline.

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Potential Negative Impact of Government Regulations – It is anticipated that government initiatives related to environmental, health and safety may have the potential to negatively impact PepsiCo.

FINDINGS  The most popular flavors in the market is Pepsi  Pepsi is a market leader and Coca-Cola is the market challenger in the whole market.  A retailer gives more preference to the PepsiCo products like Pepsi, Mountain, Dew, Slice, Mirinda, Tropicana and 7up.  Aquafina has build up market very well  Sales have increased after locating Visi Cooler outside of outlets.  The company new concept Pre-Sale got the good response, means the concept of Pre-Sale prefers by the Retailers.  The New Product of Pepsi Minute Maid has a big flop in the surveyed city.  There is a Communication Gap in Distribution Channel so Retailers are not getting advantages of discounting and trade schemes.

SUGGESTIONS  As the most of the dealers have complaints that the seller does not tell them about the schemes. For this before launching any scheme company should advertise it by distributing pamphlets to the dealers mentioning the period of the scheme and time to time proper check is required.  The number of visi coolers and signage should increased  Company should develop policy so that the soft drinks are made available at all the outlets during the peak season and not let the opportunity bypass.  Besides the Diet cola for the ladies, Pepsi can introduce many other new choices. For example, it can create a new kind of cola more suitable for children. Maybe by addition of Vitamins or some nutritious element that is necessary for children. A cola with very light alcoholic content can also be deliberated over which might be suitable for the adults.  More variants in health and sport drinks can be introduced and actively campaigned in urban cities where consumers are largely shifting their buying behaviors to health based drinks and fruit based beverages. Sponsoring the major sport events across the country and annual sport fests held at popular colleges can be a strategy adopted to position its health based drinks.

CHAPTER - III

CONCLUSION

Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contribute to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives. After research and analysis of this project i can conclude that in today`s time the challenge in front of organisations is to first understand and then satisfy the needs of the customers. The needs of the customers today are experiences and not just the products. The organisation has to concentrate on delivering the experiences to the customers leading to satisfaction and association with all the dimensions of the brand. Organization challenge also lies in being able to cope with the changing market situations and come up with promotional gimmicks and products that would continue to hold the interest of those already into the product and that would attract the newer generation who are ready to experiment. After analysing PepsiCo and its Marketing Strategy I come to the conclusion that the Marketing Strategy of Pepsi is working for them and the product is gaining popularity among youth day by day. PEPSI is the good reputable brands of the world. People who are really brand conscious they use this drink. People make a use of this brand as many functions as they can. Due to sponsorship to different cultural events or legends, this brand has a good image to the citizens. Pepsi is such a brand that it will market it itself nowadays even no extra force is required. But company is promoting its brand at its maximum by making discounts schemes or in term soft key accounts. It is seen that people prefer more of Pepsi and it is very popular in India. Industries have pampered consumers by giving them discounts and freebies. After completion of the project and the analysis of Pepsi I came to conclude that after launching the promotion there was a drastic jump in sales of Pepsi. People are very much aware of the products and its promotions especially teens. Brand loyal people use the products due ti good taste and quality.

ANNEXURE

Pepsi Cola V/S Coke Wars Case Study During the 1980s, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola (Pepsi was introduced as Pepsi-Cola later on named as Pepsi) began an escalating campaign of mutually-targeted television advertisements which became known as the Cola Wars. This Case study is based on the findings with respect to the following key aspects: Carbonated soft drinks industry`s structure, evaluation of driving change factors in this industry and finally analysis of key strategic factors it is faced with.

Key Strategic issues for Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola Between 1975 and 1995 Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola achieved average annual growth of 10% in a “Carefully waged competitive struggle” when both US and worldwide consumption rose. In the late 1990s however US CSD consumption dropped for two consecutive years for both Coke and Pepsi. Whilst trying to bring the business back on track with the launch of various derivatives of the regular Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola need to consolidate their international business activities. International consolidate of the market share is more than ever important. Both brands face the interesting issue they are an icon to the American way of life and culture which may have advantage in western hemisphere oriented countries but also disadvantages in the Arabic states. The current political situation where the US is heavily engaged in anti-terrorism activities also has an impact on the consumption of American products. Therefore coke is investing into a so called “Global Strategy” which means that in every culture other than the US the product needs to adapt to local cultural specificities. Secondly Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola should diversify more with respect to the creation of a holding company to minimise risk in case the CSD business is slowing down for a longer time. Coke has already invested in a media company to boost not only marketing around the brand but also the creation of a multi-functional company. Last but not least both Coke and Pepsi have to be aware of low-price producers, which already hold a market share of about 20% worldwide.

The Rivalry on Various Fronts – The strategies applied and its success report. Target Marketing Whether targeting a particular market demographic was a successful strategy. Pepsi were pioneers for niche and segmented marketing. In the 1940’s they targeted their marketing directly towards African Americans. Later they defined the “Pepsi Generation” and took a stand with the young side of the 1960’s generation gap. The “Pepsi Generation” was one of the first and best known instances of what came to be known as “lifestyle marketing”.

Bottling

Bottling was the biggest area of conflict between Pepsi and Coke. This was because bottling operations held the key to distribution an extremely important feature for soft-drink marketing. As the wars intensified, both companies took pains to maintain good relationships with bottlers.

Adding an Additional Benefit Whether adding the additional benefit of a larger bottle was a successful strategy. In fact, Pepsi did introduce a large 12 oz bottle early on in the Cola Wars to compete with Coke’s 6.5 oz bottle. They accompanied the new product feature with the advertising jingle “Pepsi-Cola hits the spot / twelve full ounces, that’s a lot / Twice as much for a nickel, too / Pepsi-Cola is the drink for you”. The campaign was a huge success at the time and allowed Pepsi to double their profits. Coke, which also sold for a nickel (5 cents), had difficulty matching Pepsi’s new product. Not only would it require changing the size of the Coke bottle, but it would also require changing the size of all of the Coke refrigerators which were built to only accommodate the smaller 6.5 oz bottle.

Geographic Distribution Whether adjusting their product distribution strategy was a successful- Pepsi, which had traditionally been sold through drug stores, was the first to start branching out to alternative distribution channels. They were also the first to start marketing outside of the United States.

Improved Taste Whether improving the perceived taste of Pepsi was a successful strategy -In fact the “Pepsi Challenge”, which was a market strategy centred on improving the customer’s perception of the taste of Pepsi, was another enormously successful strategy. In these televised blind-taste challenges, a Coke drinker was asked to determine whether they actually preferred the taste of Pepsi. It turns out that a statistically significant majority of Coke drinkers did, in fact, prefer the taste of Pepsi. This genuine finding, in part, led Coke to launch its unsuccessful “New Coke” strategy.

Product Line Extension Pepsi beat Coke in the Diet-Cola segment, as it managed to launch Diet Pepsi much before Coke could launch Diet Coke. After the Government gave clearance to the use of Aspartame and Acesulfame-K (potassium) in combination (ASK), for use in low-calorie soft drinks, Pepsi officials lost no time in rolling out Diet Pepsi at its Roha plant and sending it to retail outlets in Mumbai. Diet

Pepsi product that was added to the Market by Pepsi has an additional benefit of being low in calories. And today Diet Pepsi is considered to be Pepsi’s flagship product, with regular Pepsi being considered to be the product line extension.

Advertising When Coke re-entered India, it found Pepsi had already established itself in the soft drinks market. The global advertisement wars between the cola giants quickly spread to India as well. Internationally, Pepsi had always been seen as the more aggressive and offensive of the two, and its advertisements. The world over were believed to be more popular than coke`s. It was rumoured that at any given point of time, both the companies had their spies in the other camp. The advertising agencies of both the companies (Chaitra Leo Burnett for Coke and HTA for Pepsi) were also reported to have insiders in each other's offices who reported to their respective heads on a daily basis.

Pouching Pepsi and Coke fought the war on a new turf in the late 1990s. In May 1998, Pepsi filed a petition against Coke alleging that Coke had 'entered into a conspiracy ‘to disrupt its business operations. Coke was accused of luring away three of Pepsi's key sales personnel from Kanpur, going as far as to offer Rs 10 lakh a year in pay and perks to one of them, almost five times what Pepsi was paying him. Sales personnel who were earning Rs 48,000 per annum were offered Rs 1.86 lakh a year. Many truck drivers in the Goa bottling plant who were getting Rs 2,500 a month moved to Coke who gave them Rs 10,000 a month. While new recruits in the soft drinks industry averaged a pay hike of between 40-60% Coke had offered 300-400%. Coke, in its reply filed with the Delhi High Court, strongly denied the allegations and also asked for the charges to be dropped since Pepsi had not quantified any damages.

Increasingly Complex Environment Market Models can evolve to be increasingly complex. And they can be used to simulate very specific market phenomenon. Pepsi could then evaluate whether creating a very broad product portfolio and launching each of these products into the market over time would be a successful strategy. Strategic Recommendations Both Pepsi and Coke should strengthen their brand image like in the past i.e. both companies dispose of a global brand architecture which they should keep but allow local markets to develop their own brand strategies to adapt more quickly and efficiently to changing consumer demands.

Secondly according to recent surveys consumer behaviour is based on products, which are familiar to them however also offer unknown surprises. So the launch of derivatives should be further developed. The principal however with this kind of brand is that the original product is not to be changed only the scenario around it.

BIBLOGRAPHY  Strategic Management book of M.com Part 1 written by Michael Veg and published by Manan Prakashan in June 2014                 

PepsiCo Annual Report www.wikipedia.org www.tronviggroup.com www.business.qld.gov.au www.mybusinesstricks.com www.ilgresults.com www.cathyr.hubpages.com www.smallbusiness.chron.com www.yourbusiness.azcentral.com www.smallbusiness.chron.com www.pepsi.com www.isenbergmarketing.wordpress.com www.tarunspeaks.com www.ukessays.com www.marketingteacher.com www.123helpme.com www.icmrindia.org

Neha Sailesh Thakkar