Marina Borensztein - Paz, Amor y Semillas

 

ÊBIAFE

Nggi styhabk y prgiuffaöb<

Hgha

Mrdkd Jebebiez (Ohghamj) Iaseôg< Jdrêd _duhd ^atd Ngtgs< Jdkdhê _ghverabg (Ojdkdhapghverabg)

päk. 9

Dkrdiefajaebtgs

päk. 5

Dferfd ie jê 

päk. >

Abtrgiuffaöb

päk. 3

·Tuá es ubd Vejahhd7

päk. 3 päk. 1 päk. 4? päk. 44

Krdbgs Hekujmres Nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds  Dbtabutraebtes

päk. 4=

·Föjg es eh pdsg d pdsg ie este prgfesg7

päk. 4= päk. 4= päk. 46 päk. 49 päk. 45 päk. 45 päk. 43

4. Fgjprd =. Dhjdfebdjaebt Dhjdfebdjaebtgg 6. Hdvdig 9. ]ejglg y dftavdfaöb 5. Fgffaöb ie feredhes y hekujmres 5.4 Fgffaöb ie hgs feredhes Yaejpgs y pdrtafuhdraidies eb eh rejglg y eb

päk. =9

hd fgffaöb ie hgs feredhes 5.= Fgffaöb ie hds hekujmres

 

päk. =; päk. 6?

Cdmhejgs ie hd pdsaöb ie juhtatuies< hds cdrabds ¡Bg tgig hg que mrahhd es grg! Hd dvebd

päk. 54

_drtafuhdraidies ie hgs feredhes

päk. 59

_drtafuhdraidies ie hds pghakgbäfeds g pseuigfer pseuigferedhes edhes

päk. 55

_drtafuhdraidies ie hds hekujmres

päk. 51

Fgjmabdfagbes fgrreftds : iakestagbes fgrreftds

päk. 51 päk. >?

Eh jatg ie hd prgteêbd fgjphetd Gtrds fgjmabdfagbes abfgbvebaebtes

päk. 6=

Eb este trdtdig he iefajgs fcdu d<

päkk. 6= pä 6=

Eh Yra rakg kg

Eh jdêz

päk. >4

Utebsahags

päk. 6;

Nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds

päk. >=

]efetds pgr Hdurd ^dbbehha

päk. 61

_drtafuhdraidies ie hds sejahhds

päk. 61 päk. 94

Vejahhds krdbies Vejahhds pequeôds

päk. 9>

_drtafuhdraidies ie hgs nrutgs sefgs

 

DK]DIEFAJAEBYGV ^aftus Fuasabe  pgr sus jdrdvahhgsds fdferghds y lukuetes ie fgfabd que saejpre je dfgjpdôdb y je dyuidb eb ja fgfabd.

Hd Kdjmuzd Iespebsd Grkäbafd pgr tgids hds lgyds pdrd hds ngtgs… ¡Krdfads Hgre habid! (Lurdjebtg 91;1, ^ahhd Urquazd, FDMD)

Mjjdr`et, taebid ie dhajebtgs grkäbafgs y bdturdhes pgr hds lgyds veries y ie tgigs hgs fghgres. (Dhndrg 43>, Dfdssusg, Drkebtabd)

JA FG-DUY F G-DUYG]D G]D Hdurd Verbd, Hafebfadid eb Butrafaöb jdtrêfuhd JB ==9; Fgbtdftdhd d trdvás ie< Yeh< 44 >595-;1=9 Abstdkrdj< Obutrafagbastdbd Obutrafagbastdbdturastd turastd

Ygig hg vghfdig eb este trdtdig es nrutg ie dôgs y dôgs ie estuiag, ie fursgs, pgskrdigs, hamrgs, ie hd präftafd fgb jas pdfaebtes eb eh fgbsuhtgrag, pruemd y errgr eb hd fgfabd y hds prekubtds ie Jdrabd y ie tgigs usteies. Tuaerg expresdr ub espefadh dkrdiefajaebtg d ja queraiêsajd jdestrd< hd Haf. Dbd Had Dkudig, su fursg d iastdbfad ie Butrafaöb y Bdturasjg nue hd nuebte ie jufcgs ie hgs fgbfeptgs que dquê trdbsjatg. Ydjmaáb d Dhex ^gb Ngerster , quaeb bgs fgjpdrte saejpre tdbtg fgbgfajaebtg y experaebfad.

DI^E]YEBFAD Este igfujebtg bg se prgpgbe sustatuar hd rehdfaöb iareftd jáiafg-pdfaebte ba se pgstuhd fgjg ub hamrg ie fgbselgs jáiafgs. Ve refgjaebid ebnätafdjebte fgbsuhtdr fgb hgs prgnesagbdhes ie hd sdhui dbte fudhquaer iuid g sêbtgjd que pueid requerar ub iadkböstafg. Hds dutgrds fgjpdrteb dquê eh fgbgfajaebtg y hd abngrjdfaöb que diquaraergb d pdrtar ie su experaebfad, su abvestakdfaöb persgbdh y su fgbsuhtd d prgnesagbdhes.

 

DFE]FD IE JÊ  Vgy Jdrabd Mgrebszteab, jgtavdigrd sgfadh ie vaid sdhuidmhe y nehafaidi. Bdfê eb Muebgs Dares, Drkebtabd eh 4 ie gftumre ie 41>>. Estgy fdsdid fgb Gsfdr Jdrtêbez y tebkg ubd cald hhdjdid Jdhebd, ie gtrg jdtrajgbag. Eb =?44, d hgs igs jeses ie fdsdrje fgb eh djgr ie ja vaid y d pgfg ie fujphar fudrebtd y seas dôgs, refamê ubd bgtafad tdb abesperdid fgjg irdjätafd< tebêd fäbfer ie jdjd. Huekg ie ub jgjebtg abafadh ie iesfgbfaertg, nua dfusdbig eh kghpe. Jaebtrds cdfêd hg que tebêd que cdfer pdrd furdr ja fuerpg nêsafg ‖farukêd, rdygs, trdtdjaebtg cgrjgbdh‖, ejpefá ubd abtebsd müsqueid esparatudh. Fgb jdygr g jebgr suerte, abfursagbá eb iasfaphabds iaversds que dmdrfdrgb iesie eh ygkd y hd jeiatdfaöb cdstd eh rea`a, hd dfupubturd, hd terdpad fgb nhgres, hd cgjegpdtêd, eh psafgdbähasas y hd dhajebtdfaöb fgbsfaebte. Eb ese prgfesg ianêfah y ighgrgsg dphaquá ubd suerte ie játgig abtuatavg ie ebsdyg y errgr pdrd kuadrje eb eh fdjabg cdfad hd refuperdfaöb. Dsê nua aiebtanafdbig quá g quaáb je dyuidmd y, pgr eh fgbtrdrag, quá g quaáb je prgvgfdmd ub jdh jdygr dh que abtebtdmd rejeiadr. Q sajuhtäbedjebte nua fgjprebiaebig que yd bg rekresdrêd dh pubtg ie pdrtaid dbteragr d hd ebnerjeidi. Tue eh fäbfer je cdmêd idig ubd ebseôdbzd que amd jäs dhhä ie hd furdfaöb nêsafd y je jgstrdmd eh rujmg cdfad ubd sdbdfaöb ie ja persgbd eb fuerpg, jebte y espêratu. ‘Vdmêd que tebêd que gfupdrje ie ja jebte, ie ja fuerpg, ie ja espêratu perg bg sdmêd pgr iöbie ejpezdr. Heêd jufcg, musfdmd abngrjdfaöb. Jaebtrds, hg esframêd tgig.‚ Ebnerjá pdrd sdbdr (=?45) es eh testajgbag fgbjgveigr fgbjgveigr y sabferg ie estd experaebfad< hd dbkustad, hd abfertaiujmre, hd müsqueid ie respuestds, hd rehdfaöb fgb hd jeiafabd trdiafagbdh y hgs fdjmags f djmags que hd ebnerjeidi trdlg d ja vaid. Fgjg seôdhd Gsfdr Jdrtêbez, ja jdraig, eb eh pröhgkg d ja sekubig hamrg, trdbsngrjá esd experaebfad hêjate eb ‘ubd gpgrtubaidii pdrd ja iesdrrghhg‚. gpgrtubaid Vgy dutgrd ie hgs hamrgs< ‘Ebnerjá _drd Vdbdr‚ (=?45 - Eiatgradh _hdbetd), ‘Dsê Je Fuaig Qg‚ (=?4> - Eiatgradh _hdbetd) y ‘_dz,  Djgr y Lukg Lukg ^erie‚ ^erie‚ (=?43 - Eiatgradh Eiatgradh _hdbetd). _hdbetd). Vgy fredigrd ie ubd fgjubaidi iakatdh ie jäs ie 6??.??? persgbds d hds que jgtavd iadradjebte pdrd hhevdr ubd vaid jäs sdhuidmhe y nehaz. Eb ja päkabd wem (www.jdrabdmgrebszteab.fgj) fuebtg fgb ubd taebid fgb tgigs jas prgiuftgs iakatdhes< ‘Iesdnêg Ietgx ie 6 iêds‚, ‘Iesdnêg Ietgx ie =4 iêds‚, Ja ähmuj ie jeiatdfagbes ‘Jeiatä, ]esparä, Iespertä‚, ja refetdrag pdrd hds naestds y ja ühtajd fredfaöb lubtg d Fefahad Nerreres< ‘Grg eb Fdrtds‚.  Diejäs ie ebfgbtrdrje ebfgbtrdrje eb ja satag wem, pgiás ebfgbtrdrje ebfgbtrdrje eb ja fuebtd ie Abstdkrdj Abstdkrdj (Ojdrabdmg (Ojdrabdmgrebszteab), rebszteab), eb ja fuebtd ie Ndfemgg` (/JdrabdMgrebszteab.Ndb_dke) y eb ja fdbdh ie Qgutume (/JdrabdMgrebszteab)

 

ABY]GIUFFAÖB _gr b je ebgrkuhhezfg ie pgier gnreferte, lubtg d ja queraid Hdurd Verbd, este trdtdig rephetg ie abngrjdfaöb, jabufagsdjebte vghfdid eb estds päkabds. Hd jasjd es prgiuftg ie dôgs ie estuiag ie Hdurd, ie experaebfad, y ie hd müsqueid fgjg fgbsefuebfad ie hds prekubtds ie ja pümhafg y hgs pdfaebtes ie ehhd.  Dbtes ie fgbtabudr, fgbtabudr, y dcgrd que yd diquaraste este vdhagsg trdtdig, te ruekg que bg bgs cdkds jäs prekubtds pgrque hg que bg estä eb estds päkabds es pgrque pgr que bg hg sdmejgs, pgrque yd abvestakdjgs tgig hg que befesatdjgs sdmer vgs y bgsgtrds pdrd pgier fgbsujar estds pequeôds lgyatds ie hd bdturdhezd y que bg bgs cdkdb jdh. _gr supuestg que tu jebte pueie querer jäs. ¡Bg hg iuidjgs! ¡_erg cdstd dfä hhekdjgs fgb buestrg krdig ie gmsesaöb! Freg que jäs yd serêd fuestaöb ie que pebsejgs tgigs lubtgs sa vdhe hd pebd fgbsujar estgs dhajebtgs g jelgr vghver d buestrd vaid ie bg sdmer. Vekurg que cdy jäs abngrjdfaöb que puiajgs cdmer sujdig eb rehdfaöb d fdid sejahhd, perg bg bgs pdrefaö rehevdbte pdrd buestrg usg fgtaiadbg. Ub espefadhastd befesatd sdmer eb ietdhhe eh grakeb y jäs ie fdid ubd, perg pdrd bgsgtrds hg ajpgrtdbte es hg que te dpgrtdb butrafagbdhjebte y föjg se usdb. Ydjmaáb te dfhdrg, fgjg saejpre, que hds pdrtafuhdraidies se trdtdb eb hgs fgbsuhtgrags ie hgs jáiafgs que sepdb ie bdturasjg y ie sdhui ie jdberd abtekrdtavd. Iespuás ie heer eb ietdhhe tgig eh jdteradh sa befesatäs dfhdrdr tus iuids g diefudr hd abngrjdfaöb d ub phdb pdrd vgs, pgiás teber tu fgbsuhtd fgb Hduratd g fgb eh prgnesagbdh que fgbgzfds que está fdpdfatdig pdrd resghverhds.

Ydjmaáb te querejgs fgbtdr que tdbtg Hdurd fgjg yg, bgs vdjgs dftudhazdbig fgb hds abvestakdfagbes faebtênafds y hgs iesfumrajaebtgs. Gldhä tgigs hgs espefadhastds cafaerdb hg jasjg. Estd es ubd fgbversdfaöb que tebejgs juy d jebuig fgb Hdurd fudbig fdid vez jäs sekuaig ehhd je vaebe d pabfcdr eh khgmg fgb dhkg que yd iämdjgs pgr jdrdvahhgsg y ie kghpe se iesfumre que bg hg es tdbtg. Este es eh fdsg ie hgs fdrmgcairdtgs, yd que su exfesg ehevd hd khufejad hg que prgvgfd que prgiuzfdjgs prgiuzfdjgs absuhabd y que se ndmraqueb trakhafáraigs. Estds igs sgb hds fdusds ieh sgmrepesg, hd gmesaidi y hds ebnerjeidies jetdmöhafds que cgy eb iêd sgb ubd veridierd pdbiejad. Eb estd gpgrtubaidi bgs vdjgs d diebtrdr eb hds hekujmres h ekujmres y hgs feredhes abtekrdhes, que dbtes se fgbsaierdmd fgbsaierdmd que iemêdb ser hd mdse ie hd dhajebtdfaöb. dhajebtdfaöb. Dcgrd se sdme que bg es tdb dsê yd que sa hgs fgbsujajgs eb exfesg g abiemaidjebte prepdrdigs, prepdrdig s, vdb d ser perluiafadhes pdrd buestrd sdhui. Eb ja hamrg DVÊ JE FUAIG QG,, te fgbtá que bg fgjêd fdsa bdid ie cuevgs, ba dbajdhes. Iespuás ieh fäbfer QG je cafe vekdbd pgr ubgs dôgs, perg bg hg puie sgsteber pgrque je ia fuebtd ie que bg je sebtêd ieh tgig maeb dubque tgjdmd suphejebtgs ie vatdjabd M4=, fgjêd hebtelds, tgjdmd esparuhabd y jäs... Ebtgbfes vghvê d fgjer fdrbe rgld ie pdstgreg ubd vez d hd sejdbd y pesfdig sdhvdle tres vefes d hd sejdbd. Q dcgrd que estgy jäs d jaiebuevd etdpd jaberdhes ie hd vaidy(jebgpdusad), sujáeb ubJdirai, cuevg dhy estgy iêd pgr sudtebtd fdbtaidi vatdjabds, prgteêbds. Hds prgteêbds sgb abiaspebsdmhes pdrd que yg pueid ndmrafdr ja prgpag fghäkebg, que tdbtg tebkg que fuaidr d estd eidi (59). Eb dqueh jgjebtg ja iaetd erdb tgids lgyds ieh reabg veketdh, abfhuyebig feredhes abtekrdhes y hekujmres d iadrag.

 

 Dcgrd sê fgjg nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds tgigs hgs iêds perg d hgs feredhes abtekrdhes y d hds hekujmres fgjebfá d espdfadrhgs fudbig ja khufejad eb hgs dbähasas fgjebzö d ehevdrse sab que yg fgbsujaerd dzüfdr, pgstres, kdhhetatds, iuhfes eb keberdh. Ubd khufejad ehevdid te hhevd d prgiufar absuhabd eb exfesg y estd es ubd cgrjgbd abnhdjdtgrad abnhdjdtgrad que cdfe que buestrg fuerpg sed ub terrebg nártah pdrd hds ebnerjeidies. Estg que te estgy fgbtdbig es pdrd hd phdbanafdfaöb ie tu dhajebtdfaöb ie tgigs hgs iêds y bg dphafd pdrd jas iesdnêgs ietgx que saejpre te fuebtg que sgb sghg 6 g =4 iêds ie hajpaezd eb hgs fudhes bg se fgbsuje cuevg ba dbajdhes y sa hekujmres y feredhes abtekrdhes.

Fgb tgig estg dfhdrdig fgjebfejgs fgb este jdrdvahhgsg trdtdig. Ye paig que hg heds fgb dtebfaöb y jäs ie ubd vez sa es befesdrag. befesdr ag. Bg vdyds iareftdjebte d hds refetds. Dubque te pdrezfd tgig ianêfah, te dsekurg que bg hg es y que fudbig hg sepds cdfer se cdrä dhkg dutgjätafg fgjg fudbig dprebiás d jdbeldr eh dutg y te pdrefe que bg vds d pgier jardr eh espelg jaebtrds jaräs pdrd diehdbte, pgber hgs fdjmags y hgs peidhes, ebfebier hds hufes ¡y prestdr dtebfaöb d hgs gtrgs dutgs y dh fdjabg!, y iespuás se trdbsngrjd eb dhkg dutgjätafg.. G fgjg dbidr eb mafa… ¡Fgjg dutgjätafg ¡ Fgjg tgig, se dprebie y hastg! Fgbnêg eb que fudbig fgjds tus sejahhds fgjg te vdjgs d ebseôdr d fgbtabudfaöb te vds d sebtar jufcg jelgr ie sdhui.

 Dcgrd sê... Fgjebfejgs...

 

·TUÁ EV UBD VEJAHHD7 Hd sejahhd es hd estrufturd que ebfgbtrdjgs iebtrg ie ub nrutg y que id grakeb d ubd vaid, d ubd buevd phdbtd. Ygid sejahhd estä fgjpuestd pgr ub ‘ejmraöb‚ que fgbtaebe hd abngrjdfaöb kebátafd pdrd fgbvertarse, eb fgbiafagbes ndvgrdmhes, eb ubd buevd phdbtd. Hd sejahhd fgbtaebe tdjmaáb dhajebtg dhjdfebdig pdrd kdrdbtazdr kdrdbtazdr hd vaid ie ese ejmraöb y fdpds prgteftgrds ie paehes, jejmrdbds fdrbgsds y/g namrgsds, y fäsfdrds iurds, que prgtekeb d ese ejmraöb y d su dhajebtg ie iepreidigres y ndftgres djmaebtdhes iesndvgrdmhes fgjg hd huz, eh gxêkebg g hd tejperdturd, que pgirêdb dhterdr eh fgbtebaig prgiufaebig pgr elejphg prgfesgs ie gxaidfaöb, iestruffaöb ie butraebtes, ebtre gtrgs. Hds sejahhds bgs dpgrtdb< krdsds y dfeates esebfadhes, cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg, prgteêbds, namrds, jaberdhes, jaberdhes, ebzajds y vatdjabds. Ydjmaáb pgseeb sustdbfads sustdbfads iebgjabdids iebgjabdids ‘dbtabutraebtes‚. Qd bgs bgs vdjgs d ieiafdr d estgs ndstaiagsgs y jghestgs ebejakgs eb ub rdtatg… perg dquê estä hd fuestaöb pgr hd que te estdjgs ebseôdbig d abkerarhds a bkerarhds diefudidjebte diefudidjebte pdrd pgtebfadr sus mebenafags y evatdr sus abfgbvebaebtes. Hgs feredhes, hds hekujmres, hgs nrutgs sefgs y hds sejahhds jäs pequeôds, VGB YGIDV VEJAHHDV, perg seküb dhkubds ie sus fdrdfterêstafds hds fhdsanafdjgs eb ianerebtes krupgs.

K]DBGV Vejahhd que pertebefe d hd ndjahad ie hds ‘krdjêbeds‚. Hds krdjêbeds sgb phdbtds fgb sejahhds que idb grakeb d nrutgs ‘ndrabäfegs‚ que sgb rafgs eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg fgjphelgs (dhjaiöb y namrds), y tdjmaáb pgseeb prgteêbds. Hgs krdbgs se iavaieb d su vez eb igs krdbies krupgs<

Feredhes

_seuigferedhes g _ghakgbäfeds

Fgb khuteb< trakg, femdid, febtebg.  Hd dvebd es ub fdsg

Vgb sejahhds ie nhgres fgb ub vdhgr butrafagbdh jäs ehevdig que hgs feredhes pgr fgbteber jdygr prgpgrfaöb ie prgteêbds, jaberdhes y äfaigs krdsgs sdhuidmhes. Diejäs, sgb hamres ie khuteb.

espefadh. Eb keberdh bg fgbtaebe khuteb. Fudbig hd dvebd bg taebe khuteb hg dfhdrd eb eh ebvdse.

Vab khuteb< jalg, drrgz, jdêz, sgrkg, tenn. Vgb hd quabgd, eh djdrdbtg y eh trakg sdrrdfebg. Vgb prabfapdhjebte rafgs eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg fgjphelgs fgjg eh dhjaiöb (;?%) y hds namrds. Vu fgbtebaig ie prgteêbds, vatdjabds y jaberdhes vd d iepebier ie föjg hgs fgbsujdjgs. Va sgb abtekrdhes vdb d fgbteber tgigs estgs butraebtes. Va sgb renabdigs sghdjebte seräb nuebte ie dhjaiöb que bgs dpgrtdrä fdhgrêds vdfêds ie gtrg vdhgr butrafagbdh.

 

]efgjebidjgs fgbsujar krdbgs abtekrdhes, es iefar, ebtergs, es iefar, fgjg hd bdturdhezd sdmadjebte sdmadjebte hgs freö. Ie estd ngrjd su dhtg fgbtebaig eb dhjaiöb estä eb pdrte equahamrdig pgr hd namrd ie hds fdpds ie ‘fdsfdrahhd‚ que hgs refumreb ebhebtefaebig dsê su dmsgrfaöb. Ie estd jdberd hgkrdjgs jgiuhdr eh êbiafe khufájafg (baveh ie dzüfdr eb sdbkre). ]efgriejgs que es sdhuidmhe teber ubd dhajebtdfaöb ie mdlg êbiafe khufájafg. Ye igy ub idtg ajpgrtdbtatg< dh fgbsujar dhjaiöb tu fuerpg dmsgrme pdrte ieh dkud ie hd jdterad nefdh cdfaábighd jäs sefd y iurd. Es pgr este jgtavg que te idb drrgz mhdbfg pdrd fgrtdr ubd iadrred. Eh fgbsujg ie dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhjaiöb g sus ieravdigs ( pdstds, pdbanafdigs, kdhhetatds, tdrtds, tdrtds, pazzds, etf) eb keberdh bgs fgbstapdb. Diejäs, ese hêquaig que tu grkdbasjg he rgmö d hd jdterad nefdh se vd d reteber eb hgs telaigs prgiufaebig eiejds< fdrd cabfcdid, tgmahhgs cabfcdigs, glerds, etf. _gr este jgtavg fudbig ehajabäs estgs dhajebtgs ie hd iaetd cdfás jäs pas y sebtês que te iesabnhäs. Gtrg mebenafag ie hd namrd ie hgs krdbgs abtekrdhes es que nubfagbd fgjg premaötafg< dhajebtg pdrd hgs prgmaötafgs (hds mdfterads mebenafagsds que iemejgs teber eb buestrd jafrgmagtd).

HEKUJM]EV Hds hekujmres hekujmres sgb sejahhds que pertebefeb d hd ndjahad ie hds ‘hekujabgsds‚. Eb este fdsg hd sejahhd estä iebtrg ie ubd vdabd.

Iebtrg ie este krupg estäb< hds hebtelds (rglds, veries, jdrrgbes, pabtds), hgs kdrmdbzgs, hgs pgrgtgs eb tgids sus vdraeidies (jubk, pdhhdr, jdbtefd, fghgrdig, bekrg, sgld, etf), drvelds g ‘kuasdbtes‚, cdmds, dhndhnd, hupabes, jdbêes g ‘fdfdcudtes‚, dhkdrrgmd, dhumads. Vgb rafds eb prgteêbds (==%), dhjaiöb (5?%), sdfdrgsd, khufgsd, nruftgsd, estdquagsd y ghakgsdfäraigs que dftüdb fgjg premaötafgs. Hgs prgmaötafgs sgb hds mdfterads que cdmatdb eb buestrg dpdrdtg iakestavg. Ydjmaáb fgbtaebeb namrd mebenafagsds (=5%) que que prevaebe eh estreôajaebtg y equahamrd equahamrd eh fghestergh, jaberdhes (caerrg, jdkbesag, pgtdsag, fdhfag, ngsngrg y zabf), äfaigs krdsgs absdturdigs. Diejäs fgbtaebeb hefatabd que es ubd krdsd befesdrad pdrd ejuhsagbdr eb sdbkre hds krdsds y eh fghestergh. Eh caerrg ie hds hekujmres bg se dmsgrme näfahjebte perg pgiejgs jelgrdr su dmsgrfaöb dh fgjmabdrhds fgb dhajebtgs rafgs eb vatdjabd F, fgjg lukg ie hajöb, tgjdte fruig g perelah fruig. Ubd fdrdfterêstafd que taebeb eb fgjüb feredhes, pseuigferedhes y hekujmres es que iemaig d su fgbtebaig eb dhjaiöb hgs iemejgs fgbsujar saejpre fgfaigs. Ie hg fgbtrdrag este dhjaiöb prgiufarêd abnhdjdfaöb abtestabdh y d pdrtar ie ehhg ub dujebtg eb hd perjedmahaidi abtestabdh, ndfahatdbig eh pdsdle ie sustdbfads töxafds dh tgrrebte sdbkuêbeg y dhterdfagbes eb hd jafrgmagtd.

 

N]UYGV VEFGV Q VEJAHHDV  D ianerebfad ie hds hekujmres y hgs krdbgs hds pgiejgs y iemejgs fgbsujar eb fruig. Bg te estreses, yd te vdjgs d exphafdr. _ebsä que hhekdste cdstd dfä pdrd dprebier hg buevg.  Diejäs ie ie prgteêbds, prgteêbds, namrds, namrds, jaberdhes, hgs nrutgs nrutgs sefgs y hds sejahhds sgb rafds eb ebzajds y vatdjabds que se iestruyeb fgb ubd tejperdturd superagr d hgs 95 krdigs. Hg jasjg sufeie fgb su fgbtebaig eb jdrdvahhgsds krdsds pghaabsdturdids. Estds krdsds bg sghg se iestruyeb fgb hd tejperdturd, sabg que d tejperdturds superagres se vuehveb töxafds, paerieb hd vartui ie ser dbtaabnhdjdtgrads dbtaabnhdjdtgrads y dbtagxadbtagxaidbtes y se fgbvaerteb eb prg abnhdjdtgrads y prg gxaidtavds. Dhkubds ie estds krdsds sgb esebfadhes0 estg quaere iefar que buestrg fuerpg bg hds pueie pueie ndmrafdr, pgr hg tdbtg, es ‘esebfadh‚ abfgrpgrdrhds fgb hgs dhajebtgs. Estdjgs cdmhdbig ie hgs äfaigs krdsgs gjekd 6 y >. Este es eh jgtavg pgr eh que te refgjebidjgs fgbsujarhds fruids. Hds pgiejgs d su vez, sumfhdsanafdr pgr su tdjdôg y fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd eb nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds.

Nrutgs Vefgs Vgb nrutgs que eb su fgjpgsafaöb bdturdh taebeb jebgs ieh 5? % ie dkud.

¡DYEBYA! Bg fgbnubiar nrutgs sefgs fgb nrutds iescairdtdids (iesefdids).

Vgb< dhjebirds, fdstdôds, fdstdôds ie pdrä (buez ie Mrdsah), fdstdôds ie fdlü (dbdfdrigs), dvehhdbds, buefes, buefes ie jdfdidjad, buefes pefdb, pastdfcgs Hgs jdbêes g ‘fdfdcudtes‚ sgb hekujmres, dubque pgpuhdrjebte se hgs fgbsaierd nrutg sefg, perg bg hg sgb. Eb keberdh bg ehekajgs eh jdbê eb buestrg phdb ie dhajebtdfaöb pgrque es abnhdjdtgrag, dherkábafg y suehe estdr fgbtdjabdig fgb cgbkgs y hevdiurds prgiuftgrds ie dnhdtgxabds d baveh Fujphajgs fgb hd gmhakdfaöb ie fgbtdrte tgig hgfdbferêkebds que sdmejgs… fgjgcepätafg. saejpre pgiás ehekar.

¡BG ]GYUBIG  dh fgbsujg ie nrutds dmrahhdbtdids, dzufdrdids y/g khdsedids!

Nrutds nresfds fgjg uvds, faruehds, dräbidbgs, jehgfgtgbes, idjdsfgs, iätahes, cakgs, mdyds ie kgla, jgrds, nrdjmuesds, etf, pueieb iesefdrse pgr jeiag ie ianerebtes prgfesgs y trdbsngrjdrse dsê eb nrutd iescairdtdid. Ubd uvd pdsd d ser ubd pdsd ie uvd. Estds nrutds grakabdhjebte taebeb ie 34 % d 39 % ie dkud y fudbig se hds iescairdtdb iescairdtdb pdsdb d teber ub ub 4? d ub =?%. Cdy que teber eb fuebtd que iurdbte este prgfeiajaebtg se fgbfebtrd su fgbtebaig ie dzüfdr pgr esg iemeb ser fgbsujaids fgb jufcd prefdufaöb y tebaebig eb fuebtd tus pdrtafuhdraidies. ¡Iadmátafgs dmsteberse!  ^ghvdjgs d buestrg dsubtg dsubtg ie hgs nrutgs sefgs. Hgs nrutgs sefgs sgb dhajebtgs dhajebtgs ie dhtd iebsaidi fdhörafd. Eb pgfg vghujeb ie dhajebtg tebejgs ubd dhtd fdbtaidi ie fdhgrêds y ubd dhtd fdhaidi butrafagbdh. Eb pgfd fdbtaidi ie nrutgs sefgs vdjgs d ebfgbtrdr ub krdb dpgrte ie vatdjabds (fgjphelg M, y vatdjabd E), jaberdhes, (fdhfag, ngsngrg, jdkbesag, fgmre, caerrg, sehebag y zabf), ghakgehejebtgs, krdsds

 

esebfadhes y namrd. Ygig estg cdfe que ubd pequeôd fdbtaidi pgr iêd ie ehhgs sed juy mebenafagsd ¡y tdjmaáb sunafaebte! Qg sá que te ebfdbtdb kgria, perg ie estg fgbsujê fgb jgierdfaöb. jgierdfaöb. _gr elejphg< >/3 dhjebirds pdrd kdrdbtazdr kdrdbtazdr ubd pdrte ie hd igsas iadrad befesdrad ie fdhfag y sujä = buefes pefdb g fdstdôds ie pdrä pdrd dpgrtdr sehebag. Estg es ub elejphg pdrd que bg te fgjds ub nrdsfg ebterg g ub puôdig ieh tdjdôg ie hd jdbg ie ub kakdbte. Yus pdrtafuhdraidies hds tebás que fgbsuhtdr fgb ub prgnesagbdh que tebirä eb fuebtd tu pesg, tu eidi y tu estdig nasaghökafg. Estg eb keberdh vdhe pdrd tgig hgs dhajebtgs.

Vejahhds  Dcgrd vdjgs vdjgs d ieiafdrbgs d hds jäs jäs pequeôatds. pequeôatds. _gpuhdrjebt _gpuhdrjebtee fudbig bgs renerajgs dh tárjabg ‘sejahhds‚ cdfejgs jebfaöb d hds que sgb juy rafds eb krdsds, tdh es dsê que pgiejgs extrder extrder sus dfeates. Bgs dpgrtdb diejäs diejäs prgteêbds, prgteêbds, vatdjabds, jaberdhes y namrds sujdjebte mebenafagsds.

Vgb sejahhds< kardsgh, fcêd, habg, sásdjg, fdhdmdzd, djdpghd, fäôdjg g cejp, nebgkrefg, paôgbes, dhpaste, zdrdkdtgbd g psyhhauj.  Dcgrd que yd sdmás fuähes sgb te vdjgs d fgbtdr pgr quá cdy que fgbsujarhds fgb fgbfaebfad.

DBYABUY]AEBYEV Hd jdberd ie ehajabdr d estgs dbtabutraebtes es redhazdr eh ‘rejglg‚ g hd ‘dftavdfaöb‚. Fudbig bgs renerajgs d feredhes g hekujmres cdmhdjgs ie rejglg y fudbig bgs renerajgs d nrutgs sefgs y sejahhds cdmhdjgs ie dftavdfaöb. Eh prgfeiajaebtg es eh jasjg, que bg fubid eh päbafg.

Vgb sustdbfads que taebeb hd nabdhaidi ie prgteker d hd sejahhd iurdbte su kerjabdfaöb ie hd dkresaöb ie phdkds y iepreidigres. Bgsgtrgs tdjmaáb sgjgs ‘iepreidigres‚ pdrd hds sejahhds y pdrd hds phdbtds. Es pgr esg que tdjmaáb d bgsgtrgs estgs dbtabutraebtes bgs prgiufeb idôg. Dhkubgs ie ehhgs abcameb hd dmsgrfaöb ie gtrgs butraebtes que esd jasjd sejahhd taebe pdrd gnreferbgs y gtrgs bgs prgiufeb abnhdjdfaöb.  Dhkubgs ie hgs dbtabutraebtes< dbtabutraebtes< Gxdhdtgs, M1 (äfaig nöhafg), F y E, jdkbesag, fdhfag, jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag, pgtdsag, nösngrg, caerrg, zabf y fgmre.

^artuies< Vgb juy muebds pdrd hd sdhui ieh fgrdzöb.  Dyuidb d mdldr eh fghestergh fghestergh y hgs trakhafáraigs. trakhafáraigs. Muebds pdrd eh sastejd abjubghökafg. Juy muebds pdrd hd sdhui ieh sastejd bervagsg. ¡Exfehebtes pdrd hgs cuesgs pgr su dpgrte ie fdhfag!

DH_AVYE Hd phdbtd ie hd que prgvaebe es ieh káberg ie hds krdjêbeds, perg hg que se utahazd sgb hds sejahhds. Estds bg je kustdb que bdid. hds pdrd ajdkabg pdrd hgsie pdldratgs dubque sá que cdy jufcds persgbds hdsVghg utahazdb cdfer hefce dhpaste pgrque taebe jufcds mgbidies. Jäs diehdbte eb hd seffaöb ie refetds te hd ebseôdjgs.

Yaebe< Fdrmgcairdtgs, Fdrmgcaird tgs, namrd, prgteêbds, krdsds, zabf, vatdjabd M4 y M6.

^artuies<  Dyuid d iasjabuar iasjabuar eh fghestergh.  Dyuid fgb hd fehuhatas. Es iaurátafg. Muebg pdrd hd sdhui ieh cêkdig, päbfreds y raôgbes. Yaebe eneftg capgkhufejadbte, aiedh pdrd pdfaebtes fgb iadmetes.

 

NEBGK]EFG Estds sejahhds eb keberdh sghg se utahazdb pdrd cdfer mrgtes. Ygid hd phdbtd iesprebie ub ghgr pgfg dkrdidmhe pdrefaig dh cebg. _erg pdrd dprgvefcdr sus mgbidies pgiás cdfer jufêhdkg y jgher hds sejahhds. Ydjmaáb pgiás fgbsujar suphejebtgs eb pghvg ( bg sá sa cdy eb tgigs hgs pdêses).

Yaebe< Hefatabd (krdsds) y äfaig habgheafg (äfaigs krdsgs), djabgäfaigs, sgb rafds eb fdhfag, pgtdsag, sehebag, nösngrg, nhdvgbgaies, pghasdfäraigs, namrd.

^artuies< Exfehebtes pdrd hd iadmetes y pdrd mdldr eh fghestergh. Estajuhd hd sefrefaöb ie absuhabd. _gtebtes _g tebtes prgpaeidies dbtauhfergsds, dyuid fgb hd dfaiez kästrafd.  Dujebtd hd jdsd jusfuhdr jusfuhdr. Utahazdid pdrd hd hdftdbfad.

\D]DKDYGBD G _VQHHAUJ _er _ertebefe tebefe dh káberg ie hgs hhdbtebes y se utahazd nubidjebtdhjebte nubidjebtdhjebte pdrd hd fgbstapdfaöb, cejgrrgaies y fghestergh dhtg. _giás cdfer jufêhdkg fgjg fgb hds sejahhds ie habg g fcêd pdrd que estg tebkd muebgs resuhtdigs y saejpre fgbsujarhds fgb sunafaebte dkud.

Yaebe< Namrds prgiuftgrds prgiuftgrds ie jufêhdkg y fehuhgsd, drdmabgsd, rdjbgsd, rdjbgsd, äfaig khutäjafg, kdhdfturöbafg, kdhdfturöb afg, habgheafg, habghábafg, pdhjêtafg y esteärafg.

^artuies<  Dyuid fgb eh estreôajaebtg. _drd hd iadmetes. _drd hgs iavertêfuhgs.  Dyuid fgb eh fghgb arratdmhe, ebnerjeidi ie ie Frgcb. Cejgrrgaies. Varveb pdrd mdldr eh fghestergh. Idb sebsdfaöb ie sdfaeidi pdrd diehkdzdr.

 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HGV N]UYGV VEFGV DHJEBI]DV Ve pueieb fgjprdr pehdids, sab sus fäsfdrds iurds. Vu paeh gsfurd y kruesd prgteke d sus butraebtes, saejpre y fudbig está ebterd, fumraebig tgid hd dhjebird. Ve dftavdb ie 3 d 4= cs, huekg ieh hdvdig fgb vabdkre. Va tebás abnhdjdfaöb te refgjaebig fgbsujarhds pehdids, mhdbfds. Eh rejglg ndfahatd que se iesprebid hd paeh. Va düb dsê bg pgiás quatdrhd, te sukaerg que hds pgbkds eb ub mgwh eb dkud cervaid y hds ieles pgr 6? sekubigs. Estg bg es ubd fgffaöb, bg vd d perluiafdr su vdhgr butrafagbdh, perg te vd d perjatar quatdrhes hd paeh fgb jufcêsajd ndfahaidi.

Yaebeb<  ^atdjabd E, magtabd, magtabd, fdhfag, fgmre, fgmre, nösngrg, caerrg, jdbkdbesg, jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag pgtdsag y zabf.

^artuies< Vgb dbtagxaidbtes y dhfdhabazdbtes. Yaebeb jufcg fdhfag. Ndvgrefeb eh pehg, hds uôds y hd paeh. Vgb ubd exfehebte nuebte ie prgteêbds. Bgs dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr pgr su dpgrte ie gjekds y namrd.

D^EHHDBDV Hds dvehhdbds sgb ub jdbldr. Ve pueieb fgjprdr pehdids, sab sus fäsfdrds iurds. Vu paeh gsfurd y kruesd prgteke d sus butraebtes, saejpre y fudbig está ebterd, fumraebig tgid hd dhjebird. Ve dftavdb ie 3 d 4= cs, huekg ieh hdvdig fgb vabdkre.

Yaebeb< Magtabd, äfaigs krdsgs esebfadhes, fdhfag, jufcg fgmre, nösngrg, jdkbesag, jufcg jdbkdbesg,, vatdjabds E, D, F, M4, M=, M1 (äfaig nöhafg). jdbkdbesg

^artuies< Muebds pdrd ngrtdhefer uôds, pehg y paeh. _ueieb dyuidr d mdldr eh fghestergh y jelgrdr eh fgbtrgh ie dzüfdr eb sdbkre. Bgs dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr f driagvdsfuhdr y beurghökafd.

 

d l   ü  t d  ôd s ie f d 

 F d s

 cgs

 d f  t d  t   _ a s s

 D h  hj      j

e b  bi    

r  d 

s 

 f e s   u e

  B

 ô d s  d   d    t t  d s

B u e  e 

 f d b

f  es  pe f

  F

  r   ä

   d  e  p

 i  d s  i

 ô  s t d  Fd 

Nrutgs Vefgs

 

FDVYDÔDV  D ianerebfad ie gtrgs nrutgs sefgs hds fdstdôds sgb rafds eb cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg (9? %) y pgmres eb krdsds (=%). Vgb eberkátafds, butratavds butratavds y iehafagsds. Ve pueieb fgjer cervaids, tgstdids, bg se refgjaebid fgjerhds fruids pgr su fgbtebaig eb tdbabgs e cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg.

Yaebeb< Jufcd namrd, vatdjabds M, pgtdsag y caerrg. ^artuies< _gr su fgbtebaig eb namrd jelgrdb hd jafrgmagtd y estajuhdb eh träbsatg abtesta_gr bdh. Jelgrdb eh rebiajaebtg abteheftudh pgr su fgbtebaig eb vatdjabds ieh krupg M.

FDVYDÔDV IE FDLÜ Vgb hgs nrutgs sefgs que jebgr vdhgr butrafagbdh taebeb pdrd dpgrtdr, pgr su fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd y pgrque pdrd pgier retardrhds ieh nrutg que hds fgbtaebe eb su abteragr cdb tebaig que ser fgfaids d ;? krdigs ie tejperdturd. Vgb juy taerbds y ie texturd ‘frejgsd‚, esg hds cdfe aiedhes pdrd prepdrdfagbes fgjg quesgs g frejds pdrd pgstres. _drd estg hg aiedh es prajerg hdvdrhds y huekg rejgldrhds, dhfdbzd fgb 6 d 9 cs ie rejglg. Eh dkud ieh rejglg refgriä que saejpre se iesfdrtd.

Bdid ie fgjerhds tgstdids y fgb sdh. ¡Bdturdhes! Yaebeb< Fgmre, caerrg, jdkbesag, jdbkdbesg, zabf, ygig, sehebag, vatdjabds E, M6, M5 y M1.

^artuies< Yaebeb eneftg capgkhufejadbt capgkhufejadbte. e. Vgb muebds pdrd eh pehg. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui ösed y beurghökafd. Ngrtdhefeb Ngrtd hefeb eh sastejd abjubghökafg.

FDVYDÔDV IE _D]Ä G BUE\ IE M]DVAH Vu pdrtafuhdraidi es su krdb fgbfebtrdfaöb ie sehebag. Fgb igs dh iêd es sunafaebte, ¡bg te hds paerids! Diejäs ie jdrdvahhgsds sgb exquasatds. D vefes fuestd fgbsekuarhds, eb ese fdsg, pgiás reejphdzdrhds pgr = buefes ie pefdb, su dpgrte ie sehebag es sajahdr. Tueidb juy rafds, pafdids, eb hgs mgwhs fgjg tgppabks.

Yaebeb< Vehebag, fgmre, pgtdsag, jdkbesag, nösngrg, äfaig habgheafg, gjekd >, fdhfag, vatdjabd E.

^artuies< Vgb dbtagxaidbtes y dhfdhabazdbtes. Vgb muebds pdrd jdbteber hgs cuesgs nuertes, hd paeh lgveb y hd sdhui ie hgs glgs. Fgbtramuyeb d hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr y beurghökafd.  Dpgrtdb jufcd eberkêd. eberkêd. Jelgrdb eh sastejd sa stejd abjubghökafg. _girêdb reiufar eh raeskg ie pdiefer faertgs fäbferes fgjg eh ie jdjd krdfads dh dhtg fgbtebaig ie sehebag.

 

BUEFEV Yaebeb ubd paeh juy iehkdid, pgr hg tdbtg, pdrd prgteker sus butraebtes ie hgs ndftgres que pueieb idôdrhgs, se iemeb fgjprdr fgb su fäsfdrd iurd. Ie estd jdberd evatdjgs nubidjebtdhjebte nubidjebtdhjebte hd gxaidfaöb ie sus krdsds esebfadhes. Fudbig fgjes ub nrutg sefg y he sebtês ub sdmgr rdbfag, es pgrque lustdjebte sufeiaö esd gxaidfaöb. Ubd vez eb tu fdsd, pdrd ndfahatdr tu grkdbazdfaöb grkdbazdfaöb,, pgiás pehdr vdrads y dhjdfebdrhds eb ub nrdsfg ie vairag fgb tdpd, g jelgr düb eb ubd mghsd zaphgf pdrd ehajabdr eh dare. Hds kudrids eb ub hukdr gsfurg y nresfg. Vaejpre es fgbvebaebte que hds hdves fgb dkud y vabdkre dbtes ie fgbsujarhds. _gr sus fdrdfterêstafds quêjafds bg fgbtaebeb tdbtd namrd ba dbtabutraebtes fgjg gtrgs nrutgs sefgs g sejahhds, dsê que bg es ajpresfabiamhe dftavdrhds, sdhvg que hds quaerds pdrd dhkubd prepdrdfaöb fgjg pdtás g hefces. Eb ese fdsg hds dftavds ie 3 d 4= cs. Yaebeb ub dhtg fgbtebaig eb krdsds juy susfeptamhes d hd tejperdturd, bg hds fgfabes bubfd. Va hds dftavdste y querás dhjdfebdrhds pgr ub taejpg hds pgies iescairdtdr. iescairdtdr.

Yaebeb< Vehebag, nösngrg, jdkbesag, zabf, gjekd 1, vatdjabd E, drkababd, natgesterghes.

^artuies<  Dujebtdb eh eh fghestergh muebg. muebg. Mdldb hgs trakhafáraigs.  Dbtagxaidbtes.  Dyuidb d hd sdhui ie hd paeh. Muebds pdrd hd farfuhdfaöb, drteragsfhergsas.

BUEFEV IE JDFDIDJAD JDFDIDJAD G DUVY]DHADBDV Vueheb utahazdrse fgjg sbdf` pgrque sgb fdrds y bg saejpre se ebfuebtrdb. Yaebeb ub sdmgr juy sudve y exquasatg sajahdr dh fgfg. Vgb eh nrutg sefg jäs rafg eb krdsds (;5%), utahazdr fgb jufcd jgierdfaöb. Vgb juy rafds eb Gjekd 1 perg bg es fgjpdrdmhe dh gjekd 1 ieh dfeate ie ghavd.

Yaebeb<  Äfaig gheafg Gjekd 1, äfaig pdhjatgheafg (Gjekd ;), äfaig drdquêiafg ( krdsd sdturdid).

^artuies<

Iemaig d su fdbtaidi ie krdsd, humrafdb eh abtestabg. Muebds pdrd equahamrdr eh fghestergh jdhg y muebg ( eb fdbtaidies jgierdids). jgierdids).

 

_AVYDFCGV Fgjg tgigs hgs nrutgs sefgs sgb ub dhajebtg fgb juy pgfd dkud y jufcd fdbtaidi ie butraebtes, pgr hg que resuhtd ser ub dhajebtg fgb krdb fdbtaidi ie butraebtes eb pgfg vghujeb. Es rafg eb prgteêbds. ¡Dfgridte que bg vebkdb fgb sdh! Hdurd bg refgjaebid fgbsujarhgs d iadrag, sueheb fgbteber cgbkgs y hevdiurds prgiuftgrds ie dnhdtgxabds que sa se dfujuhdb eb tu grkdbasjg pueieb teber eneftgs juy perluiafadhes, espefadhjebte d baveh cepätafg.

Yaebeb< Jufcg pgtdsag (=? pastdfcgs equavdheb d hd fdbtaidi ie pgtdsag eb º mdbdbd pequeôd), jufcg jdkbesag, natgesterghes.

^artuies< Muebg pdrd hds paerbds cabfcdids. _drd hd sdhui fdriagvdsfuhdr.  Dpgrtdb jufcd jufcd eberkêd (aiedh pdrd hgs hgs iepgrtastds).

 

_D]YAFUHD]AIDIEV IE HGV FE]EDHEV D^EBD

Qd te fgbtdjgs ub jgbtöb dferfd ie ehhd eb hd päkabd 6? ieh trdtdig. 

_rgpaeidies<  Dpgrtd prgteêbds prgteêbds y ub dhtg pgrfebtdle pgrfebtdle ie cairdtgs cairdtgs ie fdrmgbg. fdrmgbg. Es eh feredh jäs rafg eb krdsds sdhuidmhes y jaberdhes.  Dpgrtd dvebabd, sustdbfad que taebe eneftg seidbte sgmre eh sastejd bervagsg febtrdh.  Dpgrtd namrd que que dyuid d rekuhdr rekuhdr eh fghestergh y fujphe tdjmaáb hd nubfaöb nubfaöb ie ‘premaötafg‚. Ydjmaáb Ydjmaáb fghdmgrd fgb hd jgtahaidi jgtahaidi abtestabdh. Es ub dhajebtg aiedh espefadhjebte iurdbte eh peragig ie hd hdftdbfad, yd que dujebtd hd prgiuffaöb ie hefce jdterbd.  Diejäs bgs mrabid eberkêd, eberkêd, vakgr. vakgr.

FEMDID _rgpaeidies< Yaebe jäs hasabd (prgteêbd) y jebgs khuteb que eh trakg. Ve hd suehe utahazdr pdrd hd ehdmgrdfaöb ie memaids dhfgcöhafds (kab, wcas`y, fervezd) y sab dhfgcgh (fdná ie jdhtd). Bg estdjgs juy dfgstujmrdigs d fgbsujar su krdbg. Ubd pebd pgrque es iehafagsg, taebe ubd texturd y ubd fgbsastebfad juy pdrtafuhdres, y hg pgiejgs utahazdr pdrd prepdrdr rasgttgs, muiabes, g sajphejebte sa jphejebte pdrd abfgrpgrdr eb ubd ebsdhdid. Es nuebte ie jufcêsajgs jaberdhes< pgtdsag, ngsngrg y jdkbesag (equahamrdb eh sastejd bervagsg), y krdfads dh sehebag, jdbkdbesg, frgjg, ygig y zabf,vvvvv (ietgxanafdbte). Cdy igs tapgs ie krdbgs< femdid jgbidid, que es hd versaöb abtekrdh, hd aiedh, y femdid perhdid (renabdid).

FEBYEBG _rgpaeidies< Eh febtebg fgbtaebe präftafdjebte hgs jasjgs butraebtes que eh trakg, perg dngrtubdidjebte jufcg jebgs khuteb, estg hg cdfe jäs sdhuidmhe d hd cgrd ie ehekar cdrabds abtekrdhes pdrd ehdmgrdr pdbanafdigs, saejpre y fudbig bg seds fehêdfg ba abtgherdbte dh khuteb. Lustdjebte pgr teber jebgs khuteb, eh pdb vd d resuhtdr jäs pesdig, jebgs espgblgsg. Akudhjebte resuhtd ubd exfehebte gpfaöb pdrd ehdmgrdr pdbes ie jdsd jdire. _rgpgrfagbd caerrg, frgjg, jdbkdbesg y fgmre, pgr hg que bgs resuhtd revatdhazdbte. _gsee _g see ub nhdvgbgaie (natgbutraebte) que ndvgrefe hd h d farfuhdfaöb< hd ‘rut ‘rutabd‚. abd‚. Vu fgbtebaig eb namrd jelgrd hd jgtahaidi abtestabdh.

 

Y]AKG Qd cdmhdjgs jäs que sunafaebte dferfd ie este feredh tdb jghestg eb hd päkabd 6= ieh trdtdig. Ye refgjebidjgs heer eh hamrg ie Idvai _erhjutter ‘Feremrg ie _db‚, pdrd que terjabes ie fgjprebier fuäb perluiafadh y iesdfgbseldmhe es, eb tgids sus ngrjds.

D]]G\ _rgpaeidies<  Drrgz abtekrdh eb tgids tgids sus vdraeidies< vdraeidies< ydjdba, jgta, mdsjdta, sdhvdle g bekrg, rglg. Eh drrgz abtekrdh grkäbafg taebe hd rehdfaöb aiedh pdrd eh ser cujdbg ie pgtdsag y sgiag. Es ub feredh juy drjöbafg y refgjebidmhe. Vu fgbtebaig ie namrd fghdmgrd fgb eh träbsatg abtestabdh, pgr eh fgbtrdrag, eh drrgz mhdbfg diejäs ie fdrefer ie vartuies y butraebtes jäs dhhä ieh dhjaiöb, ¡FGBVYA_D! (hg refgjebidjgs sghg eb fdsgs ie iadrred). Es juy muebg pdrd ehdmgrdr hefces y pdrd eh fgbsujg ie jdires que djdjdbtdb. Fgbtaebe ub mdhdbfe equahamrdig ie djabgäfaigs ie dhtg vdhgr maghökafg. ]esuhtd exfehebte pdrd eh sastejd bervagsg y pdrd hgs raôgbes. Vu cdrabd abtekrdh es ub mueb reejphdzg pdrd hd cdrabd ie trakg.

 Drrgz ydjdbê, mdsjdta, rglg  y bekrg

 

JALG _rgpaeidies< Eh jalg es ie tgigs hgs feredhes eh jäs rafg eb jaberdhes. Fgbtaebe caerrg, fgmre y sahafag< mebenafagsg pdrd eh mdzg, estöjdkg y päbfreds. Jdkbesag y ngsngrg< mebenafagsg pdrd eh sastejd bervagsg, persgbds fgb tebiebfad d hd iepresaöb, g exfatdmahaidi, g trdmdlgs abteheftudhes abtebsgs. Fghabd< tdjmaáb pdrd trdmdlgs abteheftudhes. Nhügr y äfaig sahafag< djmgs pdrtafapdb eb hd ngrjdfaöb ieh esjdhte iebtdh, fdmehhg, uôds y paeh. _gtdsag, sgiag, jdbkdbesg, zabf, y vatdjabds D y M. Hefatabd< befesdrad pdrd eh fgrreftg iestabg ie hds krdsds. Bg fgbtaebe khuteb perg fudbig estä fdhaebte taebe pgier dkhutabdbte krdfads d su fgbtebaig eb namrd sghumhe. Estg hg cdfe juy ütah y versätah pdrd iastabtds prepdrdfagbes, tdbtg iuhfes fgjg sdhdids.

VG]KG _rgpaeidies pgr ser abnhdjdtgrag. Es jelgr fgbsujarhgs tgstdigs perg sab sdh pdrd pgier iakerarhgs, perg eb este fdsg perieräb sus vatdjabds. Fgjg yd te fgbtdjgs dbtes, bgsgtrds bg hgs ehekajgs eb babkubd ie sus ngrjds. Vueheb estdr fgbtdjabdigs fgb cgbkgs y hevdiurds, prgiuftgres ie dnhdtgxabds que sa se dfujuhdb eb buestrg grkdbasjg sgb sujdjebte perluiafadhes pdrd hd sdhui, espefadhjebte hd ieh cêkdig.

Yaebeb< Juy rafgs eb prgteêbds, krdsds y vatdjabd M. Drkababd, gjekd 6 y >, resverdtrgh, pgtdsag, nösngrg, caerrg, zabf, fgmre y jdkbesag.

^artuies< Vgb muebgs pdrd eh sastejd fdriagvdsfuhdr pgr eh resverdtrgh que fgbtaebeb.

DHNDHND Eh kdbdig fgje dhndhnd y sumsaste krdfads d ehhd. ¡Ajdkabdte hg butratavd que es! Eb hd dhajebtdfaöb fgbsfaebte se utahazdb jufcg sus kerjabdigs ( mrgtes ) eb hds ebsdhdids, sgpds, eb hgs drrgfes, pgr ebfajd ie hds prepdrdfagbes. Vgb exfehebtes pgr su dhtg fgbtebaig eb ebzajds pdrd prepdrdr reluvehdf. Bg se fgfabdb. Hd dhndhnd fgjg phdbtd phdbtd jeiafabdh estä fgbtrdabiafdi fgbtrdabiafdidd eb hd hdftdbfad y eb hds persgbds que taebeb hupus eratejdtgsg sastájafg.

Yaebe<  ^atdjabds ieh krupg M ( exfeptg exfeptg hd M4=), fghabd (kerjabdigs), vatdjabd @, F, D, E, jdkbesag, nösngrg, fdhfag, jdbkdbesg, jdbkdbesg, pgtdsag, sehebag, sgiag, sahafag. saha fag. Dhfdhgaies (fdbdvdbabd que pueie ser töxafd eb su usg fgbtabudig), sdpgbabds, fdrmgcairdfdrmgcairdtgs, namrd, krdsds. krdsds. Äfaigs< jeiafdkábafg, jeiafdkábafg, fêtrafg, nujärafg, jähafg, jähafg, gxähafg0 natgeströkebgs, prgteêbds, natgesterghes, nhdvgbgaies, ebzajds iakestavds, fujdrabds.

^artuies< _drd eh fdbsdbfag, iefdajaebtg, dbejad.  Dyuid d fgjmdtar hgs sêbtgjds ie hd jebgpdusad. Es dbtacejgrrä dbtacejgrräkafg. kafg. _drd hd sdhui ie hds uôds y eh pehg.  Dyuid iieh akestavg pgr hdseb ebzajds fgbtaebe. fgbtaebe.  Dyuid dh d dpdrdtg hd pdreiiakestavg estöjdkg fdsgs que ie ühferd (kerjabdigs),), dfaiez g (kerjabdigs kdses.

 

FGJMABD FGJMABDFAGBEV FAGBEV FG]]EFY FG]]EFYDV DV

:

IAKEVYAGBEV FG]]EFYDV EH JAYG IE HD _]GYEÊBD FGJ_HEYD Ydbtg hgs feredhes fgjg hds hekujmres fgbtaebeb eb su fgjpgsafaöb prgteêbds. Hds prgteêbds d su vez se fgjpgbeb ie djabgäfaigs. Dsê fgjg ubd pdrei se fgbstruye fgb hdirahhgs, ubd prgteêbd se fgbstruye fgb djabgäfaigs. Hgs befesatdjgs d tgigs.

Fudbig ub dhajebtg bgs dpgrtd tgigs hgs djabgäfaigs iefajgs que su prgteêbd es fgjphetd. Estg sufeie fgb hgs dhajebtgs ieh reabg dbajdh. Eb hgs dhajebtgs ieh reabg veketdh sueheb ndhtdr g cdmer juy pgfd fdbtaidi ie dhküb djabgäfaig, seküb eh dhajebtg. Hgs feredhes sgb iejdsadig pgmres eb hasabd ha sabd (djabgäfaig abiaspebsdmhe pdrd ngrjdr fghäkebg), y hds hekujmres fdrefeb ie jetagbabd (jühtaphes e abiaspebsdmhes nubfagbes).

Ie estg surkaö hd aied ie fgjmabdr eb ubd jasjd fgjaid feredhes y hekujmres pdrd gmteber dsê hd tdb ndjgsd ‘prgteêbd fgjphetd‚. Eh prgmhejd es que djmgs krupgs taebeb fgjpgsafagbes quêjafds fgjphelds iemaig d hd presebfad ie< dhjaiöb, jgháfuhd fgjphafdid ie iakerar0 hds prgteêbds, que befesatdb ub jeiag ie iakestaöb pdrtafuhdr0 y hd namrd, que eb eh fdsg ie hds hekujmres pueie resuhtdr resuhtdr jdh tgherdid. Hd iakestaöb se cdfe fgjpheld y ebtgbfes hebtd, y fgjg resuhtdig se abafadb prgfesgs ie nerjebtdfaöb y putrendffaöb que terjabdb prgiufaebig hd hamerdfaöb ie sustdbfads töxafds fgjg kdses y djabds putrendftds. Estg hg sebtajgs fgjg iastebsaöb dmigjabdh, kdses, sebsdfaöb ie cdmer fgjaig ie jäs. Hd redhaidi es que bg es befesdrag fgjer eb ubd sghd fgjaid hd prgteêbd fgjphetd0 eh grkdbasjg es sdmag. Fdid vez que fgjejgs dhjdfebdjgs hgs djabgäfaigs que esd fgjaid bgs dpgrtö. Huekg, eb eh jgjebtg eb eh que befesatdjgs ngrjdr ubd prgteêbd fgjphetd, vdjgs d buestrd ‘reservd‚ ie djabgäfaigs y utahazdjgs hgs que sedb befesdrags seküb fudh sed hd prgteêbd que befesatäs ndmrafdr (cgrjgbds, beurgtrdbsjasgres, beurgtrdbsj asgres, repdrdfaöb ie telaigs, rekeberdfaöb ie fáhuhds, fáh uhds, etf.). Hgs pseuigferedhes (quabgd, djdrdbtg y trakg sdrrdfebg) taebeb tgigs hgs djabgäfaigs, es iefar, hd prgteêbd fgjphetd, y sgb jufcg jelgr tgherdigs d baveh iakestavg que hds hekujmres. _gr _gr esg es tdb refgjebidmhe su fgbsujg eb phdbes ie dhajebtdfaöb veketdradbgs g vekdbgs.

Fgjg suehe sufeier, cdy ub jdrkeb ie tgherdbfad. _giás jezfhdr 3?% ie hekujmres y =?% ie feredhes g vafeversd. Estg es ütah eb ieterjabdids prepdrdfagbes pdrd jelgrdr hd fgbsastebfad bdh. Va cdfás ubd cdjmurkuesd bg se te ubarä sab estd jezfhd.

 

FGJMABDFAGBEV ABFGB^EBAEBYEV GY]DV FGJMABDFAGBEV A BFGB^EBAEBYEV Bg es fgbvebaebte jezfhdr dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhjaiöb ebtre sê, tdh es eh fdsg que jebfagbdjgs ie feredhes y hekujmres, perg tdjpgfg iemerêdjgs jezfhdr fgb babkubg ie ehhgs veketdhes rafgs eb dhjaiöb, fgjg sgb hd

Bg es fgbvebaebte fgbsujar jax ie sejahhds g nrutgs sefgs, fdid ubg taebe pdrtafuhdraidies eb su fgjpgsafaöb quêjafd, y hd jezfhd terjabd fgjg yd ialajgs tdbtds vefes eb iakestagbes fgjphelds y hebtds.

pdpd, hd mdtdtd, eh fcgfhg g hd jdbiagfd.

Bg es refgjebidmhe fgbsujar nrutds huekg ieh dhjuerzg g febd, hd nrutd se iakaere eb pgfgs jabutgs, y sa hd fgbsujajgs ferfd ie hd fgjaid hd gmhakdjgs d perjdbefer eb eh estöjdkg = cs dh jebgs0 es iejdsadig taejpg y vd d prgiufar hd nerjebtdfaöb ie tgig hg que cdydjgs fgbsujaig eb esd fgjaid.

Bg es fgbvebaebte jezfhdr dhajebtgs rafgs eb dhjaiöb fgb fdrbes ie fudhquaer tapg. Fgjphelazd y ebhebtefe hd iakestaöb. Estg prgiufe abnhdjdfaöb.

Vdmejgs que vds d querer que te iakdjgs hds fdbtaidies ie fdid sejahhd que pgiás g tebás que fgbsujar dh iêd, perg esg iepebie ie tu sdhui, ie tu phdb dhajebtafag y ie tus befesaidies… Estg que te iefajgs es dprgxajdidjebte... Feredhes g hekujmres?iejh  Dkud jdlg h = Lukg ie jeiag hajöb Vásdjg fruig g tdcaba, 4 fufcdrdid sgperd Fürfujd 4/= fufcdrdiatd Vdh 4/= fufcdrdiatd  Dfeate ie ghavd extrd extrd varkeb 6 fufcdrdids fufcdrdids

_drd iefgrdr< _ajebtöb iuhfe, pajaebtd bekrd, dfeate ie ghavd

_repdrdfaöb< Ve traturdb tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes eb mdtaigrd, juhtaprgfesdjuhtaprgfesdigrd g hg que tebkds, se he dkrekd jufcg DJG] y hastg. Hg pgiás servar fgb taratds ie pepabg, dpag y zdbdcgrad zdbdcgrad..

 

EBVDHDID ME]YA IE HEBYELDV  Dfgridte ie ieldr hds hebtelds eb rejglg ie ie 4= d =9 cs fgb ub peidfatg ie dhkd `gjmu. Dfgridte tdjmaáb que hds tebás que fgbiajebtdr fgb hajöb pdrd que se te nale eh caerrg.

Abkreiaebtes<

4 tdzd ie hebtelds _erelah pafdig º Femghhd jgrdid pafdid fcaquatatd

_repdrdfaöb< Cervar hds hebtelds (tgig eh prgfeiajaebtg fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs) Ieldr ebnradr y dkrekdr perelah pafdig y femghhd jgrdid pafdid maeb fcaquatd. Fgbiajebtdr fgb sdh ieh Cajdhdyd g jdrabd, dfeate ie ghavd grkäbafg y mdstdbte hajöb.

Estd refetd es ie hd jdjä ie Jdrabd

VDHYEDIG IE TUABGD Q VDHYEDIG ^E]IU]DV Abkreiaebtes< =??k ie quêbgd 6 tards ie puerrg º jgrröb rglg g djdrahhg 4 zuffcaba krdbie g = 9 fcdjpaôgbes  Dfeate ie ghavd d kustg, vds vaebig 4 fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie fgfg beutrg 4 fufcdrdiatd ie fürfujd Vdh ieh Cajdhdyd g jdrabd d kustg _ajaebtd d kustg º ieig ie dhkd `gjmu

_repdrdfaöb< Hdvdr juy maeb hd quêbgd fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs y ieldr eb rejglg. Cervar fgjg yd te ebseôdjgs. Jaebtrds, vds d pgber ubd fufcdrdid ie dfeate ie fgfg beutrg eb hd sdrtáb fgb eh puerrg y eh jgrröb d nuekg hebtg. Fudbig se fgfabö ub pgfg, dkrekdr eh zuffcaba eb rgidlds nabds y hgs fcdjpaôgbes (pueieb ser pgrtgmehhgs, kêrkghds, scaatd`e). Ve fgfabd ub rdtg d nuekg hebtg, se dkrekd hd sdh y hd pajaebtd. Fudbig estä hastg se jezfhd tgig fgb hd quêbgd. Ve dkrekd dfeate ie ghavd, ubd fufcdrdiatd ie fürfujd, jufcg DJG] y d hd jesd.

 

NDABÄ Abkreiaebtes< 6?? kr ie cdrabd ie kdrmdbzgs >?? jh ie dkud nahtrdid tamad 6 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid y pajaebtd bekrd d kustg

_repdrdfaöb< Jezfhdr hd cdrabd ie kdrmdbzg kdrmdbzgs, s, sdh y pajaebtd bekrd.  Dkrekdr eh dkud tamad y eh dfeate rejgvaebig fgb fgb mdtaigr pdrd que bg se cdkdb krujgs. Hd jdsd ieme estdr hêquaid perg dh jasjg taejpg fgbsastebte. Ieldr repgsdr repgsdr iurdbte 45/=? jabutgs jabutgs Ebfebier eh cgrbg d =?? krdigs.  Dfeatdr ub jghie ie 6? fj ie iaäjetrg y hhevdrhg dh cgrbg pdrd que se fdhaebte iurdbte 4? jabutgs. ]etardr y vghfdr eh prepdrdig ie hd ndabd. Cgrbedr iurdbte =? jabutgs cdstd igrdr.

AJ_G]YDBYE BG YE GH^AIEV IE FDHEBYD] EH JGHIE _]E^ADJEBYE DFEAYDIG, ie bg cdferhg se iafuhtd iesjghidr hd ndabä.

KUAVG IE HEBYELDV Abkreiaebtes<

_repdrdfaöb<

= femghhds krdbies fgrtdids eb fumatgs Hdvdr hds hebtelds y pgberhds eb rejglg ie =9 d 93 cs. = zdbdcgrads krdbies Fgrtdr tgids hds veriurds eb fumgs pequeôgs fgjebzdbig º zdpdhhg pgr hds femghhds y vghfdrhds eb ubd fdferghd fgb ub pgfg ie = zdpdhhatgs dfeate pdrd igrdr fgbiajebtdbig fgb ub pgfg ie sdh. = puerrgs  Dkrekdr hds hebtelds quatdbig eh dkud dkud ieh rejglg rejglg prevadjeb>?? kr ie hebtelds te y hds 5 tdzds ie dkud (sa iurdbte eh taejpg ie fgffaöb 6 fj ie dhkd @gjmu befesatdjgs jäs dkud, vghfdr ie d pgfg y que esd dkud está Vdh jdrabd g rgsdid, pajaebtd, pajebtöb iuhfe, pajebtöb fdhaebte, ie estd jdberd bg se ebiurefe hd hekujmre) jäs dcujdig, dlg eb pghvg g nresfg eh dhkd `gjmu. Ydpdr hd ghhd y fgfabdr cdstd que está maeb  Dfeate ie fgfg mhdbid hd hebteld. 5 tdzds ie dkud _gr ühtajg fgbiajebtdjgs cdstd que queie d tu kustg. Ejphdtdr y iefgrdr fgb perelah pafdig y mrgtes ie dhndhnd g rdmdbatg. Ydjmaáb he queidb juy maeb dhkubds nhgres ie fdhábiuhd g sus pátdhgs espdrfaigs eb eh phdtg.

 

CEHDIG BD BDYU]DH YU]DH IE N]UYDV Q FDVYDÔDV IE FDLÜ Abkreiaebtes< Nrutds d eheffaöb prevadjebte nreezdids< jdbkg, nrutahhds, nrdjmuesds, jehöb, fdqua, mdbdbd 4 tdzd ie fdstdôds ie fdlü prevadjebte rejgldids   Esebfad ie vdabahhd   _azfd ie sdh   Vtevad sa es befesdrag ebiuhzdr

Hds nrutds pueieb reejphdzdrse pgr fdfdg eb pghvg pdrd cdfer ub cehdig ie fcgfghdte.

_repdrdfaöb< Hafudr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes y dkrekdr dkud bdturdh sa nuerd befesdrag, juy pgfd, sghg pdrd ar dmhdbidbi dmhdbidbigg eh prepdrdig. Fdid jeiad cgrd (repetar = g 6 vefes) sdfdr ieh nreezer y jaxedr g pasdrhg pdrd rgjper hgs frastdhes. Iefgrdr y servar.

_AE IE HAJÖB ]D[ Mdse ie hd tdrtd<

Frejd<

= tdzds ie cdrabd ie sejahhds ie zdpdhhg º tdzd ie mdkdzg ie hefce ie fgfg 6 fufcdrdids ie xahatgh g dzüfdr ie fgfg g stevad d kustg = fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg

= tdzds ie fdstdôds ie fdlü cairdtdids (dbdfdrigs) Lukg ie 4 hajöb ]dhhdiurd ie hajöb g hajd Esebfad ie vdabahhd d kustg

]dhhdiurd ie hajöb g bdrdbld

4 iedzüfdr sdh ie fgfg g xahatgh g stevad eb pghvg 4 pazfd tdzd ie 4 fiatd ie fürfujd = fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie fgfg

_repdrdfaöb< Jezfhdr tgigs hgs abkreiaebtes ubaábigse fgb hd jdbg y huekg fumrar ubd tdrterd.

Gpfagbdh? kr ie cdrabd cdrabd sab khuteb  Dkrekdr ie d ubg hgs cuevgs cuevgs abtekrdbig abtekrdbig tgig eb hd mdtaigrd. 45 kr ie mafdrmgbdtg ie sgiag (dsekurdte que sed sab  ^ghfd  ^ghfdrr tgig d uubb mgwh krdbie krdbie y dkrekdr dkrekdr hgs abkreiaebtes abkreiaebtes sedhujabag) fgs prevadjebte tdjazdigs. 45? kr ie fdstdôds ie fdlü Jezfhdr fgb jgvajaebtgs ebvghvebtes y pgr ühtajg dkrekdr ]dhhdiurd ie hajöb grkäbafg hds fdstdôds ie fdlü prevadjebte espghvgredids fgb cdrabd ]dhhdiurd ie bdrdbld grkäbafd (estg hg cdfejgs pdrd que bg se mdleb d hd mdse ie hd tgrtd). Esebfad ie vdabahhd _azfd ie sdh Fdbehd Buez jgsfdid

 

MGJMGBEV ^A^GV Abkreiaebtes< = tdzds ie fdstdôds ie fdlü g mdkdzg ie dhkubd hefce ie sejahhds g jghaig ie fudhquaer gtrg nrutg sefg Iätahes Fufcdrdiatd ie esebfad ie vdabahhd Ubd pazfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid

Gpfagbdh< Fdfdg, dhkdrrgmd, gtrds esebfads, pdrd remgzdr fdbehd, fgfg, cdrabd ie bdrdblds, pátdhgs ie nhgres, sejahhds ie sásdjg.

_repdrdfaöb< _rgfesdr hgs nrutgs fgb hgs iätahes, dkrekdr dhküb gpfagbdh sa se iesed y jezfhdr maeb cdstd teber ubd jdsd sudve (se pueie utahazdr dhkubd prgfesdigrd pdrd hd jezfhd).  Drjdr hgs mgjmgbes y fumrar fgb eh remgzdigr d eheffaöb. Ve pueieb nreezdr, iescairdtdr g fgbsujar huekg ie cdferhgs. _gber eb pargtabes y, ¡d iasnrutdr!

 

_DBTUETUEV G IGVDV IE D]]G D ]]G\ \ NE]JEBY NE]JE BYDIG DIG Abkreiaebtes<

= tdzds ie drrgz ydjdbê grkäbafg, nerjebtdig   4 pazfd ie sdh jdrabd g rgsdid   º tdzd ie dkud   9 ö 5 fufcdrdids ie dfeate ie ghavd

Diafagbdhes< Femghhd ie verieg, perelah, dlg, atdhadb (jezfhd ie caermds< pgr elejphg rgjerg, estrdköb, sdhvad, tgjahhg, dhmdcdfd).

Mdse pdrd iuhfes g sdhdigs< _gber debnerjebtdr iurdbte 93 cgrds eh drrgz ydjdbê. . Fgb  ^ghfdr hd hafudigrd hafudigr d = tdzds ie drrgz yd nerjebtdig. nerjebtdig estd jezfhd se pueieb cdfer mhabas, wdnnhes y pdbqueques, iuhfes g sdhdigs. Hafudrhg dkrekäbighe ubd tdzd ie dkud, eh dfeate y hd pazfd ie sdh, taebe que queidr fgjg ubd sdhsd mhdbfd.

Vdhdigs< Ubd vez hafudig tgig, se dkrekd sab hafudr< caermds nresfds, drgjätafds, puerrg, femghhd ie verieg, perelah, fahdbtrg, fah dbtrg, etf.

Iuhfes< Ubd vez hafudig tgig, se dkrekd sab hafudr< ha fudr< esebfad ie vdabahhd, rdhhdiurd ie hajöb g ie bdrdbld, 4 d igs fufcdrdids ie dzüfdr grkäbafd, jdsfdmg g xyhatgh.

Fgffaöb< Fdhebtdr hd sdrtáb fgb ubd kgtd ie dfeate y espdrfarhd fgb ubd servahhetd ie pdpeh. ^ghfdr fgb ub fufcdröb eh prepdrdig, ieldr que se fgfabe dbtes ie idrhg vuehtd ]ehhebdr d kustg.

 

¡Jufcds krdfads, queraids Hdurds, pgr eh djgr  y hd ieiafdfaöb eb este este trdtdig! ¡Krdfads _duha, Hgha y Jdkdhê pgr ejmehhefer estds päkabds! Fgb tgig ja djgr, _dz, Djgr y Vejahhds