Maria - Perez 118280067. PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACION-AVANCES

 

S]LVNOQL JFIBD Srlynotl an5  Fivnstf`bofÿi an Knrobals ‗‗Fistftutl Ljfofbd sbi kbrols ‖‖

Gliaurbs O. B 2

 

^IFZN]_FABA O]F_QFBIB NZBI@NDFOB I^NZL KFDNIFL AN GLIA^]B_ ZFON]NOQL]FB BOBANKFOB

S]LVNOQL JFIBD Fivnstf`bofÿi an Knrobals S]N_NIQBAL SL]5 Fsfs Vbintg Kurofb Kb`bòb (227=73310) ]liknd Fsbë Mbrbglib Knrdl (227=6321:) Kbrëb Jndfoftb Særnz Kuòlz (227=733:0)

Obtnarâtfob Andfb Brbstndy Dÿpnz

BZBION_ AN DB FIZN_QF@BOFLI S]NZFB LSOFLI BD QFQ^DL AN5

Dfoniofbturb Ni Bakfifstrbofÿi an Nkprnsbs Gliaurbs O.B. ?2 an Lotumrn =3=3

=

 

FIAFON

FIQ]LA^OOFLI.......................................................................................................................1 2.

SD SDBI BIQN QNBK BKFN FNIQ IQL L AN AND D S] S]LM LMDN DNKB KB...........................................................................> QNKB......................................................................................................................................> JL]K^DBOFLI AND S]LMDNKB.....................................................................................> ANDFKFQBOFßI AND S]LMDNKB......................................................................................> ANDFKFQBOFLI N_SBOFBD V QNKSL]BD.......................................................................> Nspbofbd..................................................................................................................................> Qnkplrbd..................................................................................................................................>

LMENQFZL_...........................................................................................................................: Lmentfvl @ninrbd..............................................................................................................: Lmentfvls Nspnoëjfols.....................................................................................................: E^_QFJFOBOFLI....................................................................................................................: =.

J^ J^IA IABK BKNI NIQB QBOF OFßI ßI QN QNß] ß]FO FOB B.....................................................................................0 KB]OL QNL]FOL................................................................................................................0 KB]OL OLIONSQ^BD.....................................................................................................2> Dbs ]nans _lofbdns.........................................................................................................2> KB]OL QNL]FOL OLIQNWQ^BD..................................................................................2: Gfstlrfb an dbs —rnans slofbdns‛ olkl dbs olilonkls .......................................2: Bitnonanitns and fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols.....................................................27 KF_FLI...................................................................................................................................== ZF_FLI....................................................................................................................................==

KB]OL QNL]FOL N_SNOËJFOL.....................................................................................=? Dbs vnitbebs an dbs rnans slofbdns5......................................................................................=1 BIQNONANIQN_5.................................................................................................................=>

BIQNONANIQN_ AND S]LMDNKB...........................................................................=: NDBML]BOFLI AN GFSLQN_F_......................................................................................=0 Gfpÿtnsfs Sdbitnbabs....................................................................................................=0 FANIQFJFOBOFLI AN DB_ ZB]FBMDN_..........................................................................=0 Zbrfbmdns fianpniafnitns............................................................................................=0 Zbrfbmdns anpniafnitns...............................................................................................=0

?

 

FIQ]LA^OOFLI  Botubdknitn dbs rnans slofbdns sli uib iunvb jlrkb an fitnrboofÿi qun sn gbi olivnrtfal ni pbrtn oltfafbib an dbs pnrslibs nspnofbdknitn ni dls eÿvnins, nstbs olijlrkn bd pbsl an dls bòls gbi `ninrbal ui bdtl fkpb fk pbot otl l y rnvl rnvldu duof ofÿi ÿi tl tltb tbdd ni nd kuia kuial l an db dbss ol olku kuif ifob obof ofli lins ns,, olivfrtfæialsn nstbs ni ui jniÿknil slofbd y gnrrbkfnitb mâsfob ni afjnrnitns âkmftls and snr gukbil, nitrn nddbs db nauobofÿi. Nstbs eun`bi ui pbpnd kuy fkplrtbitn, yb qun b trbvæs an dbs rnans slofbd slo fbdns ns tninkl tninklss db lplrtu lplrtuifa ifaba ba an olk olkpbr pbrtfr tfr fit fitnrn nrnsn snss olk olkuin uins, s, nstbmdnonr iunvls olitbotls y baqufrfr iunvls olilofkfnitls sfnkprn y oubial nd usl qun sn dns aæ snb nd banoubal. Vb qun õdtfkbknitn sn gb iltbal db `rbi fijduniofb an dbs rnans slofbdns ni dls nstuafbitns ni ui ifvnd mbstbitn ndnvbal, y nstl vfnin b rnpn rnpnro rout utfr fr ni nd rn rnia iafk fkfn fnit itl l boba bobaæk ækfo fol l an af afog ogls ls ba bald ldno noni nitn tns, s, prnsnitbia prnsn itbial l jbdtb an kltfvbofÿi kltfvbofÿi pbr pbrb b nstuafbr, nstuafbr, an rnbdfzbr sus tbrnb tbrnbs, s, trbmbels an fivnstf`bofÿi nitrn ltrls. Slr nian, nstb fivnstf`bofÿi db gnkls ddnvbal b obml oli nd lmentfvl an lmtninr ui rnsudtbal slmrn ouâitl nstâ bjnotbial nd usl an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol an dls nstuafbitns y sf db d b jlrkb ni qun dbs usbi ns db kâs banoubab

 B olitfiubofÿi…

1

 

2. SDBIQN SDBIQNBKF BKFNIQ NIQL L AND AND S] S]LMD LMDNKB NKB QNKB Fijduniofb an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol ni dls nstuafbitns and Fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols tnronr pnrflal bòl =3=3.

JL]K^DBOFLI AND S]LMDNKB ¼Oÿkl fijduyn nd usl an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol ni dls nstuafbitns an õdtfkl bòl an db obrrnrb mbogfddnrbtl ni olitbaurëb y jfibizbs and Fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols<

ANDFKFQBOFßI AND S]LMDNKB Db fivnst fivnstf`b f`bofÿ ofÿi i sn rnb rnbdfz dfzbrb brb oli olisfa sfanrb nrbia ial l olkl olkl uif uifvnr vnrsl sl nd tltbd tltbd an dls nstuafbitns and fistftutl ljfofbd ssbi bi Kbrols, Kbrols,   umfobal ni dls kuifofpfls an sbi Kbrols Anpbrtbknitl. 

ANDFKFQBOFLI N_SBOFBD V QNKSL]BD Nspbofbd Ni nst nstn n sn snitf itfal al sn gb ant antnrk nrkfib fibal al fiv fivnst nstf`b f`brr nst nstn n prl prlmdn mdnkb kb ni db ofu fua aba an _bi Kbro Kbrols ls Loltn oltnp pnq nqun un,, nsp spno noëj ëjfo fobk bkni nitn tn oli dl dlss nstuafbitns an õdtfkl bòl an db obrrnrb mbogfddnrbtl ni olitbaurëb y jfibizbs and Fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols.

Qnkplrbd Db fivnstf`bofÿi aurbrb ui dbpsl an tfnkpl an bprlxfkbabknitn als knsns y knafl olkprniafal and =: an Lotumrn bd 3: an Afofnkmrn. Dun`l an db fivnstf`bofÿi sn prntnian olilonr ouâitl y oÿkl fijduyn nd usl us l an dbs dbs rn rnan anss slof slofbd bdns ns ni nd rn rnia iafk fkfn fnit itl l bo boba baæk ækfo fol l ni dl dlss nstuafbitns an nstb ârnb.

>

 

LMENQFZL_ Lmentfvl @ninrbd Olilonr db fijduniofb an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol ni dls nstuafbitn nstuafbitnss and Fistf Fistftutl tutl Ljfof Ljfofbd bd _bi Kbrols tn tnronr ronr pnrfl pnrflal al bòl =327. 

Lmentfvls Nspnoëjfols 

Ansorfmfr db jlrkb banoubab n fibanoubab qun dls nstuafbitns usbi dbs rnans slofbdns 



Fanitfjfobr dbs olisnouniofbs plsftfvbs y in`btfvbs oli nd usl an dbs rnans slofbdns ni dls nstuafbitns



Antnrkfibr nd ifvnd an rniafkfnitl rniafkfnitl bobaæk bobaækfol fol an dls ns nstuafbitns tuafbitns

E^_QFJFOBOFLI Dbs rnans slofbdns sli ui knafl an olkuifobofÿi bglrb kuy utfdfzbal plr kuogbs pnrslibs ni `ninrbd plr dls eÿvnins, ni dls õdtfkls bòls sn gb nxpbiafal su usl. Dbs rnans slofbdns il sli in`btfvbs ni së kfskbs ns kâs sli uib fkplrtbitn gnrrbkfnitb pbrb olkpbrtfr fijlrkbofÿi, afbdl`br, fivnstf`br  y kbitninr rndboflins slofbdns b ifvnd dlobd y afstbiofb, sfi nkmbr`l ui usl fibanoubal an db kfskb punan fiofafr ni ui knilr rniafkfnitl ni nd âkmftl nstuafbitfd y an nstn anrfvbr kbdbs obdfjfoboflins n fiodusl uib kbdb oliauotb, bd f`ubd qun lourrn oli ltrbs gnrrbkfnitbs, l oli nd usl qun sn gbon and lofl, su utfdfzbofÿi ns plsftfvb, pnrl anmn snr rn`udbab pbrb qun il rnauian ni tærkfils in`btfvls. Slrr ns Sl nstb tbss rbzl rbzlin inss db pr prns nsni nitn tn fi fivn vnst stf` f`bo bofÿ fÿi i prnt prntni nian an bi bibd bdfz fzbr br db fijduniofb qun nenroni dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol an dls nstuafbitns and Fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols, bsë kfskl olilonr  oÿkl, ouâial, aÿian y pbrb qun gboni usl an nstn rnoursl oli nd jfi an dl`r dl`rbr br `r `rbi bian anss mn mnin injfjfof ofls ls pbrb pbrb qun qun kn knel elrn rni i su rnia rniafk fkfn fnit itl l

:

 

bobaækfol b trbvæs and usl an prl`rbkbs nauobtfvls y db utfdfzbofÿi an dbs rnans slofbdns oli jfins bobaækfols.

=. J^IAB J^IABKN KNIQB IQBOFß OFßI I QNß]FO QNß]FOB B

KB]OL QNL]FOL Qlal olknizÿ oli

db

ornbofÿi

and

prlynotl

B]SBINQ

(Bav (Bavbi bion ona] a]ns nsnb nbro rog g Sr Srle leno nott B`ni B`nioy oy In Int) t) pl plrr pb pbrt rtn n an andd @lmf @lmfnr nril il nstbal nst baluif uifan anisn isn.. _n trb trbtbm tbmb b an uib rna ni db qun dls lra lrani nibal balrns rns olinotbals b nddb afspliëbi an afvnrsbs rutbs plr dbs qun bdtnribr dbs olkuifoboflins,, oli nd jfi an olitfiubr juioflibial buiqun bd`uils an olkuifoboflins nddls junsni anstrufals olkl olisnouniofb an bd`õi btbqun. Vb ni dls bòls sntnitb olknizbrli b uifrsn b db rna, nkprnsbs n fistftuoflins nauob nau obtfv tfvbs, bs, ans anskbr kbroâ oâial ialsn sn bsë and âkm âkmftl ftl nstrfo nstrfotbk tbknit nitn n kfd kfdftb ftbr. r. An jlrkb pbrbdndb fmbi sur`fnial rnans sfkfdbrns b B]SBINQ b dl dbr`l and pdbintb. _fi nkmbr`l, æstbs il plaëbi olkuifobrsn nitrn së, bd utfdfzbr  prltloldls pbrb db trbiskfsfÿi an abtls afjnrnitns. Nstn lmstâoudl sn sbdv sb dvÿ ÿ ni 2601 2601 oubi oubial al Zfit Zfitli liOn Onrj rj eu euit itl l oli oli Ml Mlm m Hb Hbgi gi pumd pumdfo foÿ ÿ nd Srltloldl pbrb Fitnrolkuifobofÿi an ]nans plr pbquntns, ni nd qun sn antbdd ant bddbm bmbi bi dbs obrbot obrbotnrë nrëstf stfobs obs and iu iunvl nvl prltlo prltloldl ldl QOS QOS/FS /FS (Qr (Qrbis bisjnr  jnr  Olitrl Oli trldd Srl Srltlo tlold/ ld/Fit Fitnri nrint nt Srl Srltlo tlold), ld), ouy ouyb b anjfif anjfifofÿ ofÿi i olk olkl l nst nstâia âiabr  br  oudkfiÿ ni 267=. Db iunvb nspnofjfobofÿi sn oliofmfÿ bsë olkl nd faflkb olkõi an tlals dls lranibalrns olinotbals b db ]na. An nstn klal, afvnrsbs rnans puafnrli olinotbrsn b uib õifob, db oubd pbsÿ b anilkfibrsn Fitnrint. Aurbitn db aæobab an dls 73, db ]na sn nxpbiafÿ ni `rbi knafab `rbofbs b db olinxfÿi an ui `rbi iõknrl an lranibalrns. Jun nitlions oubi ou bial al sn or ornÿ nÿ nd sfst sfstnk nkb b an an anil ilkf kfib ibof ofÿi ÿi an al alkf kfif ifls ls (A (AI_ I_,, AlkbfiIbkn_ystnk). Il lmstbitn, b pnsbr and bu`n nxpnrfknitbal, Fitn Fi tnri rint nt nrb nrb ol olis isfa fanr nrba bal l olkl olkl ui knaf knafl l an ol olku kuif ifob obof ofÿi ÿi ouyb ouyb fijlrkbofÿi nstbmb rnstrfi`fab b ofnrtls âkmftls, olkl nd bobaækfol. Db sftubofÿi sn kbituvl gbstb 2676, oubial nd Dbmlrbtlrfl Nurlpnl an Jësfo ësfob b an Sbrt rtëo ëoud udbs bs (ON (ON]I) sn fi fifo fofÿ fÿ ni nd an anssbrrl brrlddddl l an uib

0

 

nspno spnofjfjfo fobo bofÿ fÿi i pbr brb b jb jboofdft fdftbr br nd boo boons nsl l b sus mb mbssns an ab abtl tls, s, anilkfib anil kfibab ab Srltl Srltloldl oldl an Qrbis Qrbisjnrnio jnrniofb fb an Gfpnr Gfpnrtnxtl tnxtl (GQQS). Æstb pnrkftëb boonanr b alouknitls qun olitniëbi nidbons oli ltrls, dl qun sfkpdfjfobmb nilrknknitn db dlobdfzbofÿi an db fijlrkbofÿi. Db anjfifofÿi an nstn prltloldl prlklvfÿ db bpbrfofÿi an db Plrda Pfan Pnm (PPP), olionptl oli nd qun gly sn olilon plpudbrknitn b Fitnrint. @rbofbs b db tnoildl`ëb y bd sljtwbrn qun sn fmb `ninrbial ni nstn olitnxtl (ni 266? bpbrnon nd ibvn`balr Klsbfo an db kbil an Kbro Bianrsni), db PPP sn jun gbofnial kâs boonsfmdn y kâs sniofddb an utfdfzbr. Ni oubdqufnr obsl, guml qun nspnrbr b 266> pbrb qun sn prla prlaue uenr nrb b nd Fi Fitn tnri rint nt olkn olknro rofb fbd.d. B pb pbrtf rtfrr an ni nitl tlio ions ns,, ol olkn kniz izÿ ÿ b fiornknitbrsn nd iõknrl an snrvfofls qun lpnrbmbi ni db ]na. Afogb nxpdlsfÿi afl lrf`ni ni 2667 b ui iunvl olionptl5 Fitnrint=. Nd prlpfl Zfonprnsfanitn an dls NN.^^., Bd @lrn, jun nd niobr`bal an biuiofbr  bitn db prnisb db ddn`bab an uib rnvlduofÿi "kâs fkplrtbitn qun db fivniofÿi an db fkprnitb", sn`õi sus pbdbmrbs. Olisofnitns an nstn nilrkn pltniofbd an db ]na, kuogls junrli dls nkprnianalrns qun sn dbizbrli b db bvniturb, ornbial su in`lofl ni Fitnrint. Il lmstbitn, y b pnsbr an qun nd kuial nrb tnstf`l and ornofkfnitl an db ]na, bd`uils an nddls jrbobsbrli. Nd nstbal an ansfdusfÿi sn `ninrbdfzÿ aurbitn nd bòl =333, y olknizÿ b rnjdnebrsn ni db Mldsb, alian db obëab an dls vbdlrns tnoildÿ`fols nstbmb b db lrani and aëb. Ni db botubdfaba, db sftubofÿi il gb knelrbal ankbsfbal, buiqun olitfiõbi anspfnrtbs dbs nspnrbizbs. Dls Lmstâoudls An Db ]na ^ib vnz olilofab db nvlduofÿi gfstÿrfob an ui knafl an olkuifobofÿi tbi fkplrtbitn olkl Fitnrint, vnbkls db bpdfobofÿi l utfdfaba qun afogl knafl punan tninr olkl rnoursl an fivnstf`bofÿi pbrb dls gfstlrfbalrns. Nstls, b db glrb an musobr fijlrkbofÿi pbrb db ndbmlrbofÿi an sus prlynotls, tnsfs l pumdfoboflins inonsftbi uib bkpdfb rna an alouknitbofÿi n fijlrkbofÿi slmrn db qun mbsbr sus fivnstf`boflins. Sbrb nddl sn gbon fkprnsofiafmdn db olisudtb an mbsns an abtls, jlials an brogfvls, mfmdfltnobs y ni kuogls obsls, junitns buaflvfsubdns.

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ND AN_OLILOFKFNIQL AN DB ]NA V DB_ Q]BMB_ FAFLKÂQFOB_  Bd`uibs an nstbs junitns an olisudtb sn punani dlobdfzbr gly ni aëb oli tltbd olklafaba b trbvæs an ui tnrkfibd fijlrkâtfol olinotbal b db ]na, nvftbial nvftbial bsë nd lmstâou lmstâoudl dl an db nilrkn afspnrsfÿi afspnrsfÿi rnfib rnfibitn itn ni dbs junitns gfstlrfl`râjfobs. _fi nkmbr`l, tbd y olkl qunab rnjdnebal ni dbs niounstbs rnbdfzbabs plr nd Onitrl an Fijlrkbofÿi y Alouknitbofÿi Ofnitë Ofn itëjfo jfob b and and O_FO O_FO (OF (OFIAL IALO), O), dls nsp nspnof nofbdf bdfstb stbss ni Gfs Gfstlr tlrfb, fb, y kâs oliorntbknitn ni Gfstlrfb an Nspbòb, gboni bõi nsobsl usl an dbs mbsns an abtls qun plankls niolitrbr ni Fitnrint y kunstrbi ui pnoudfbr ansolilofkfnitl slmrn dl qun ns y rnprnsnitb Fitnrint. DL_ S]LMDNKB_ AN OLINWFßI5 Dnitftua Ni Nd Boonsl B Db Fijlrkbofÿi5  B db yb an plr së fkplrtbitn mbrrnrb qun suplin nd faflkb pbrb fifofbr db db fivnstf`bofÿi ni db rna, gby uib snrfn an fkplrtbitns lmstâoudls qun afjfoudtbi nsn bonrobkfnitl plr pbrtn and fivnstf`balr. Rufzâ uil an dls kâs fkplrtbitns snb db "dnitftua" y db nilrkn pbofniofb oli db qun ni kuogls obsls gby qun bjrlitbr ui prlonsl an mõsqunab ni Fitnrint. Nd _fstnkb An Mõsqunab Ni Fitnrint ^ib an dbs gnrrbkfnitbs mâsfobs pbrb fitrlauofrils ni db rna sli dls musoba mus obalrn lrnss l pâ` pâ`fib fibss ans ansan an dbs oub oubdns dns pla plankl nklss lrf lrfnit nitbr br iun iunstr strb b sldfoftua an fijlrkbofÿi. ^i musobalr ns ui snrvfofl qun pnrkftn bd usubrfl db dlobdfzbofÿi an pâ`fibs wnm qun rnõini uibs antnrkfibabs oliafoflins. Afogl snrvfofl juioflib b pbrtfr an uib mbsn an abtls ni db qun nstâi bdkbonibabs dbs pâ`fibs vfsftbabs knafbitn uils prl`rbkbs ddbkbals spfanr.

Nd Olrr Olrrnl nl Ndno Ndnotr trÿi ÿifo fol, l, Db Dbss Dfst Dfstbs bs An Afst Afstrf rfmu muof ofÿi ÿi V Dl Dlss Jl Jlrl rlss An Afsousfÿi.

6

 

Nd olrrnl ndnotrÿifol sn gb olivnrtfal ni ndnknitl fkprnsofiafmdn ni dbs rnans an olkuifobofÿi an db kbylrëb an dbs ^ifvnrsfabans y Onitrls an Fivn Fi vnst stf` f`bo bofÿ fÿi, i, sf sfni nial al nd sn snrv rvfo fofl fl kâ kâss ol olil ilof ofal al y utfd utfdfz fzba bal l pl plrr dl dlss gfstlrfbalrns nspbòldns. Nd olrrnl ndnotrÿifol pnrkftn trbiskftfr abtls y knisbens an uib olkputbalrb b ltrb b trbvæs an db dëinb tndnjÿifob, an olinxfÿi plr kforlliabs, an sbtædftns an olkuifobofÿi l an ltrl nqufpl an tn tndn dnoolkui kuifo fobo bofl fli ins y kbi kbiab abrr ui kfs fsk kl kn kni isb sben en b vbrfb brfbss afrnoo afr noofli flins, ns, pnr pnrkft kftfni fnial al bsë olk olkpbr pbrtfr tfr nxp nxpnrf nrfnio niofbs fbs n fan fanbs bs nit nitrn rn nspnofbdfstbs ni iunstrb afsofpdfib. Dbs rnans slofbdns gbi obkmfbal nd nstfdl an vfab ni nd sf`dl WWF buiqun ni rnbdfaba nstbs nkpnzbrli b bpbrnonr ni nd sf`dl pbsbal pnrl sn olisldfabrli ni nstn sf`dl. Qlal nkpnzÿ ni nd bòl an 2602 oubial sn kbiaÿ nd prfknr nkbfd y dls als lranibalrns nstbmbi uil bd dbal and ltrl anspuæs ni 2607 sn fitnrobkmfbmbi b trbvæs an dëinbs tndnjÿifobs oli ltrls usubrfls. Ni nd bòl an 2661 sn dbizb uib an dbs prfknrbs rnans slofbdns, @nlOftfns. Db fanb nrb qun dls usubrfls ornbrbi sus prlpfbs pâ`fibs wnm y qun dbs bdlebrbi ni antnrkfibals mbrrfls sn`õi su olitnifal, anspuæs ni nd bòl bò l an 266> 266> sbdn sbdn Qg Qgn@ n@dl dlmn mn.o .olk lk,, ns nstb tb rn rna a ab b su suss us usub ubrf rfls ls db plsfmfdfaba an pnrslibdfzbr sus prlpfbs nxpnrfniofbs lidfin pumdfobial su prlpfl olitnifal n fitnrbotubial oli ltrbs pnrslibs oli fitnrnsns sfk fkfdfdbr brns ns.. Nst stbs bs rn rna ans nstb nstbm mbi kuy dn dnel elss an ddddn n`br b sn snrr ui uib b gnrrbkfnitb fkplrtbitn ni fitnrint. Ni 26 2660 60 sn dbiz dbizb b Fi Fist stbi bitt Knss Knssni ni`n `nrr ns nstn tn jun jun ui prl` prl`rb rbkb kb an knisbenrëb fistbitâinb plr Kforlsljt Pfialws nstb vnrsfÿi fioduëb sldl obrbotnrëstfobs mâsfobs olkl ogbt, dfstb an olitbotls sfkpdfstb, nto.

Nstb rna ni nd fifofl nkpnzÿ oli uib ankbiab ankbsfbal mbeb plr dbs obrbotnrëstfobs an db kfskb, pnrl uils knsns anspuæs sn plpudbrfzl gbstb su sbturbofÿi.

23

 

_n dbiz dbizb b Jbo Jbonmll nmllhh ni nd =331 =331 pl plrr Kb Kbrh rh Uu Uuoh ohnr nrmn mnr` r` ol olio ionm nmfa fab b lr lrf` f`fi fibd bdkn knit itn n ol olkl kl ui uib b pd pdbt btbj bjlr lrkb kb pb pbrb rb ol olin inot otbr br ns nstu tuaf afbi bitn tnss uifvnrsftbrfls ni Gbrvbra y kâs an db kftba an sus 26,>33 nstuafbitns sn susorfmfnrli ni su prfknr kns an juioflibkfnitl, Jbonmllh sn band ba ndbi bitÿ tÿ b Ky_p Ky_pbo bon n olkl olkl rn rna a slof slofbd bd dëan dëanrr ni ou oubi bitl tl b vf vfsf sftb tbit itns ns knisubdns. Nstb rna slofbd sn gb rnolilofal olkl db kâs fkplrtbitn an tlals dls tfnkpls yb qun ns uib gnrrbkfnitb prlpfb and iunvl sf`dl, tbkmfæi rnolilofab plr su njfobofb ni db pumdfofaba. Ni nd =33: sn ornb Qwfttnr fifofbdknitn jun ui sfstnkb an knisbenrëb fitnrib pbrb abr bvfsl an iltfofbs, dun`l tlkl nd klandl an dls _K_ an dlss ondu dl ondudb dbrn rns. s. ^il ^il an dls dls mn mnin injfjfof ofls ls odbv odbvn n ns db lplr lplrtu tuif ifab aba a an olkui olk uifob fobrr b iun iunstr strb b bua buafni fniofb ofb,, odf odfnit nitns ns l prl prlvnn vnnalr alrns ns y ni nilrk lrkns ns `rupls an pnrslibs, dl`rbial db ornbofÿi an rndboflins y bkfstba ni nd obkfil, bd`l kuy afjëofd an rnbdfzbr ni ltrls knafls.  Bd pbsl and tfnkpl tf nkpl dbs rnans slofbdns gbi sujrfal obkmfls vldvfæialdbs kâs sljfstfobabs y banouâialsn b dbs inonsfabans an obab pnrslib vldvfæialsn uib pbrtn nsniofbd pbrb db olkuifobofÿi olkuifobofÿi an db slofnaba. Dls ndnknitls ni dls qun sn onitrÿ db fivnstf`bofÿi sli5 ^sl an dbs rnans slofbdns, rnans slofbdns y olitrld an tfnkpl, rnans slofbdns y vëioudls pnrslibdns, rnans slofbdns y prfvbofaba y rnans slofbdns y pldëtfob. Ni dbs õdtfkbs aæobabs, dbs ]nans _lofbdns gbi nxpnrfknitbal uib `rbi nvlduofÿi, y oli nddb, sn gbi kudtfpdfobal y afvnrsfjfobal dbs plsfmfdfabans an nstls iunvls knafls. Ni db botubdfaba, nd usl qun dls fiafvfauls gboni an nstbs tnoildl`ëbs ns prâotfobknitn afbrfl5 olisudtb an pâ`fibs wnm, olrrnl ndno ndnotrÿ trÿif ifol ol.. Nd tn tnkb kb sndn sndnoo oofl flib ibal al sn mb mbsb sbrb rb ni ui bi biâd âdfs fsfs fs an db dbss rnan rnanss slof sl ofbd bdns ns pb pbrb rb an nstb nstb kb kbin inrb rb olil olilon onrr su fi fijdjdun unio iofb fb ni db jlrk jlrkbo bofÿ fÿi i an nstuafbitns an dls afstfitls oldn`fls. Nd prlpÿsftl ns abr b olilonr plr quæ nstbs rnans obptbi db btniofÿi obsf fiknafbtb an dls nstuafbitns lobsflibial bsë, qun nstls kuogbs vnons pfnrabi nd olitrld tltbd an bqunddl qun nstbmbi gbofnial. Jbonmllh, twfttnr, VluQumn, nitrn ltrbs sli bd`uibs an dbs rnans

22

 

kâs utfd utfdfzb fzbabs abs plr plr

oldn` oldn`fbd fbdns ns yb q qun un ns nstbs tbs gbi gbi pn pnrkf rkftfa tfal l qun n nstl stlss sn

kbitni`bi ni olistbitn fitnrboofÿi an kbinrb `rbtuftb, sniofddb y râpfab. Dbs rnans slofbdns olkl tbd sli uib gnrrbkfnitb an olkuifobofÿi kuy njfobz n fkplrtbitn pbrb dls nstuafbitns, sfnkprn y oubial il snbi fijduniofbals plr  dbs kfskbs, nd kbd usl an nstbs punan obusbr afstrboofÿi, pærafab an tfnkpl y prfvbofab prfvbo faba, a, nit nitrn rn ltrls ltrls bspnot bspnotls ls in`btf in`btfvls vls qun b su vnz punani punani ddn ddnvbr vbr b kuogls an dls baldnsonitns b tninr prlmdnkbs oli dbs ankâs pnrslibs yb qun il abi ui muni kbinel b ofnrtbs rnans. @rbofbs b dbs rnans slofbdns tninkls db lp lplr lrtu tuif ifab aba a an fi fitn tnrb rbot otub ubrr oli oli lt ltrb rbss pn pnrs rsli libs bs,, mn mnin injfjfof ofl l qu qun n dl dlss baldnsonitns gbi bprlvnogbal bd kâxfkl yb qun ni su kbylrëb sli nddls dls qun kâs boonsl gboni b nstb. Db olkuifobofÿi knafbitn uib rna slofbd sn vundvn kâs bkpdfb, knafl plr nd oubd plankls nxprnsbr iunstrls sbmnrns, snit sn itfk fkfn fnit itls ls,, fkâ` fkâ`ni nins ns,, ob obio iofl flin inss ni nitr trn n ltrb ltrbs. s. Il sn pu puna nan n an aneb ebrr an knioflibr qun an ofnrtl klal nstn tfpl an olkuifobofÿi nstâ anspdbzbial plol b plol b db olkuifobofÿi plr tndnjliëb jfeb, bglrb ns kuogl kâs jâofd nitrbr b fitnrint gbonr uib vfanl ddbkbab qun tlkbr nd tndæjlil an db obsb y olivnrsbr plr nstn knafl yb qun pbrb kuogls an dls eÿvnins yb nstl pbsl an klab. Dbs rnans slofbdns sn gbi vundtl ui jniÿknil `dlmbd ni db vfab an kfddlins an pnrslibs ni nspnofbd an nstuafbitns, qufnins oli db ddn`bab an nstbs vni uib Afvnrsfÿi y kuogbs vnons il pnrofmni nd pndf`rl qun sn dns prnsnitb bd prntnianr  Ornbr uib vfab vfrtubd y il vfvfr olkl sn anmn obab uib an dbs ntbpbs pnrtninofnitns b su olrrnotl ansbrrlddl qun olkl baldnsonitns y kuogl kâs olkl nstuafbitns. Dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd âkmftl and fitnrint   Sbrb kuogbs pnrslibs bd prfiofpfl nrb bd`l nxtrbòl qun tlals ansnbmbi nxpdlrbr, kfnitrbs qun gly ni aëb pbrb db kbylrëb yb jlrkb pbrtn an db vfab oltfafbib, fijlrkbr bonrob an dls du`brns qun sn vfsftb, an dls pnisbkfnitls l an dls botls qun rnbdfzbi b trbvæs an ui sfkpdn odfo ni su olkputbalr l ondudbr. Dbs rnans slofbdns vfvni ni ui klknitl an æxftl, nstn klanril fivnitl an db wnm gb nogbal rbëons nitrn dls fitnributbs yb qun bòl b bòl gb nxpnrfknitbal 2=

 

ui iltb iltbmd mdn n bu bukn knit itl l ni tl tlal al nd ku kuia ial, l, sli sli vb vbrf rfbs bs db dbss obus obusbs bs qu qun n gb gbi i prlvlobal nstn fiornknitl an usubrfls nitrn Dbs rnans slofbdns. Ns ofnrtl qun nstbs rnans tfnini kuogls mninjfofls pbrb dbs pnrslibs punstl qun qu n fi fitn tnrv rvni nifr fr ni ui uib b rn rna a slof slofbd bd nkpf nkpfnz nzb b pl plrr ni niol olit itrb rbrr bd bddëdë ol oli i qu qufn fnin inss olkpbrtfr iunstrls fitnrnsns, prnloupboflins l inonsfabans, nstbs rnans abi db lplrtuifaba an qun dbs pnrslibs sn sfnitbi fitn`rbabs b ui `rupl, an db kfskb kbinrb tfnin sus ansvnitbebs kuogls an dls nstuafbitns qun db utfdfzbi b`rn`b b`r n`bi i fij fijlrk lrkbof bofÿi ÿi nxo nxonsf nsfvb vb ni sus ns nspbo pbofls fls,, ol oldlo dlobi bi fij fijlrk lrkbof bofÿi ÿi sfi ifi`uib odbsn an rnstrfoofÿi y prnofsbknitn nsn ns nd prlmdnkb, yb qun nstb fijlrk fij lrkbof bofÿi ÿi ns utf utfdfz dfzbab bab plr bd`uil bd`uilss and andfio fioun unitn itnss qu qun n tbk tbkmfæ mfæi i yb nst nstâi âi fivlduorbals ni nstbs iunvbs tnoildl`ëbs. Nd kbd usl an nstls sfstnkbs punan obusbr afstrboofÿi, pærafab an tfnkpl tf nkpl y an Srfvbofaba nitrn ltrls bspnotls in`btfvls, pnrl mfni utfdfzbabs punani trbnr  Mninjfofls fkplrtbitns b oubdqufnr pnrslib fioduynial bqunddbs qun il `ustbi kuogl an nstbr fiknrsls ni nstn tfpl an rnans. Dl qun ns fkprnsofiafmdn rnolrabr ns qun dbs rnans slofbdns punani snr õtfdns il sldl pbrb prljnsflibdns y nkprnsbs tbkmfæi sli uib fitnrnsbitn gnrrbkfnitb pbrb dls nstuafbitns kfnitrbs snbi utfdfzbabs banoubabknitn. Nitrn vbrfls an dls mninjfofls an dbs rnans slofbdns gbofb dls nstuafbitns plankls niolitrbr dls sf`ufnitns5 

Snrkftni trbmbebr ni `rupl an uib kbinrb kâs jâofd



Sbrb kuogls nstuafbitns rnsudtb b vnons fkplsfmdn ollrafibr, euitbrsn oli bd`uils olkpbònrls pbrb rnbdfzbr bd`õi trbmbel oldn`fbd, bd`uils lptbi lp tbi plr afjnrn afjnrnitn itnss olk olkprl prlkfs kfsls, ls, ltrls ltrls pun punan ani i nst nstbr br ni nijnr jnrkls kls y bd`u bd`uil ilss sfkp sfkpdn dnkn knit itn n il qunr qunrrâ râi i sbdf sbdfrr an su suss ob obsb sbs. s. Sb Sbrb rb ns nstb tbr  r  olku ol kuif ifob obal alss y tr trbm bmbe bebr br an uib uib kb kbin inrb rb kâs kâs râpf râpfab ab ni db dbss tbrn tbrnbs bs bsf`ibab, plarâi gbonr usl an bd`uibs an dbs bpdfoboflins nxfstnitns ni afstfitbs rnans olkl ogbtnbr plr knafl an jbonmllh y an nstb kbinrb anofafr oÿkl sn rnpbrtfrâi n fivnstf`brâi nd tnkb abal y bsë oukpdfrâi oli db tbrnb sfi tninr qun nstbr tlals ni ui kfskl sftfl pbrb planr rnbdfzbrdb.

2?

 



Qn kbitfnini fijlrkbal



Sbrb kuogbs pnrslibs vnr dbs iltfofbs plr knafl an rnans slofbdns ns kuogl kâs jâofd qun plr ui tndnvfslr l uib rbafl, ornbial dfstbs an fitnrnsns ni Jbonmllh l sf`ufnial knafls iltfoflsls ni twfttnr y bsf plarâi kbitninrsn fijlrkbals sfi inonsfaba and usl and tndnvfslr.





Sunans fitnrobkmfbr fanbs y olilonr b nstuafbitns an ltrbs fistftuoflins nauobtfvbs. Olilonr b nstuafbitns an ltrls pbësns y an afjnrnitns oudturbs ns uil an dls `rbians mninjfofls qun ljrnoni nstbs rnans, nstl tn snrvfrâ pbrb rndboflibrtn knelr oli afstfitbs pnrslibs, olilonr knelr db afjnrniofb nitrn ui pbës y ltrl, ouâd ns su jlrkb an vfab, su jlrkb an bprniafzben qun an sn`url il snrâ f`u f`ubd qun nd tuyl, nitrn ltrls rls. Qninr  olivnrsboflins oli nddls bkpdfbrâ bõi kâs tus olilofkfnitls, olilonr  plr knafl an jltls l plstbdns olkl ns su oldn`fl bd f`ubd f `ubd qun klstrbrdns b nddls olkl ns nd tuyl y an nstb kbinrb olilonr kâs slmrn su nstfdl an vfab afbrfl.



Sunans lptbr plr ansbrrlddbr prlynotls lrf`fibdns.



Sbrb kuogls nstuafbitns dbs rnans slofbdns sli tbi ilvnalsbs qun bspfrbi planr ansbrrlddbr bd`uib bpdfobofÿi pbrb tninr kâs olilofkfnitl slmrn dbs kfskbs. Slr nenkpdl uib bpdfobofÿi an oÿkl nvftbr qun sus ounitbs snbi bdtnrbabs, prltn`nr db prfvbofaba an dbs ounitbs, nitrn ltrbs



Znitbebs



@ninrb kbylr olkuifobofÿi n fitnrboofÿi nitrn dls eÿvnins.



Nstâi knelr fijlrkbals.



Znioni db tfkfanz b trbvæs an dbs rnans slofbdns.



Jbofdftb db rndbofÿi nitrn dbs pnrslibs sfi dbs mbrrnrbs oudturbdns y jësfobs.

21

 

Obmn rnsbdtbr qun il nstâ kbd ibvn`br ni dbs rnans slofbdns n fitnrbotubr oli tus bkf`ls, pnrl anmnkls nxpdltbr dbs kõdtfpdns lpoflins qun nd Fitnrint ils ljrnon. _n olisfanrbrâ qun ui bdukil tniarâ ui muni rniafkfnitl bobaækfol oubial trbs dbs nvbduboflins b dbs qun ns slkntfal b dl dbr`l an db oursbab ni ounstfÿi sus iltbs sli munibs y sbtfsjbotlrfbs. Slr nd olitrbrfl, nstbrnkls gbmdbial an ui kbd l mbel rniafkfnitl bobaækfol an ui bdukil oubial dbs obdfjfoboflins qun lmtfnin trbs dls nxâknins il bdobizbi nd ifvnd këifkl an bprlmbofÿi.

KB]OL OLIONSQ^BD Dbs ]nans _lofbdns Dbs ]nans _lofbdns sli nstruoturbs jlrkbabs ni Fitnrint plr pnrslibs u lr`bifzboflins qun sn olinotbi b pbrtfr an fitnrnsns l vbdlrns olkuins. B trbvæs an nddbs, sn ornbi rndboflins nitrn fiafvfauls l nkprnsbs an jlrkb râpfab, sfi enrbrquëb l dëkftns jësfols. ^sl an dbs rnans slofbdns Jbonmllh ns olisfanrbab db rna kâs olkpdntb sn`õi sus usubrfls, yb qun pnrkftn olkmfibr nd olitbotl gukbil oli nd nitrntnifkfnitl. Db botfvfaba kâs vbdlrbab ns db an olkpbrtfr y olknitbr jltls. ]nans slofbdns y nd olitrld and tfnkpl Ni prlknafl, dls usubrfls an Jbonmllh (eÿvnins) slstfnini qun db rna slofbd jlrkb pbrtn an su rutfib afbrfb. Nd 07% an dls eÿvnins qun utfdfzbi Jbonmllh tfnini prlmdnkbs pbrb olitrldbr nd tfnkpl qun dn anstfibi b db rna slofbd ndnotrÿifob. ]nans slofbdns y vëioudls pnrslibdns _n`õi dls rnsudtbals an db niounstb, nd tfnkpl anstfibal ni rndboflins obrb b obrb oli jbkfdfbrns y bkf`ls il obkmfÿ oli db bpbrfofÿi an dbs rnans slofbdns. _fi nkmbr`l, ni dls `rupls an afsousfÿi sur`fÿ db lpfifÿ lp fifÿi i lpunst lpunstb, b, y dls pb pbrtfo rtfofpb fpbitn itnss olfio olfiofaf fafnrl nrli i ni qu qun n dbs rnans rnans kuogbs vnons rnnkpdbzbi b dls vëioudls obrb b obrb.

2>

 

]nans slofbdns y prfvbofaba  Db prfvbofaba rnsudtb ui tnkb b tlkbr ni ounitb yb qun nd usubrfl ilrkbd pumdfob tlab su fijlrkbofÿi y ni kuogls obsls il ns olisofnitn an dbs olisnouniofbs. _fi nkmbr`l, sldbknitn nd 2=% olisfanrb qun pumdfobr ni rnans ns kuy pndf`rlsl pbrb nd olitrld an su prfvbofaba. ]nans slofbdns y pldëtfob Dbs rnans sli ui tnrrnil finxpdlrbal plr dls pldëtfols dbtfilbknrfobils, qun tfnini uib prnsniofb plol sf`ifjfobtfvb. _fi nkmbr`l, ni ui juturl il kuy dnebil, plarâi utfdfzbrdbs olkl ui sftfl an prfvfdn`fl pbrb ddn`br b dls ndnotlrns y jlrkbr kfdftbiofb. ¼R^Æ N_ ]NIAFKFNIQL BOBAÆKFOL< Nvbdubofÿi qun pnrkftn knafr nd olilofkfnitl bprniafal plr dls bdukils. Nd an ]nia ]niafk fkfn fnit itl l Boba Bobaæk ækfo fol l ns ui olio olionp nptl tl qu qun n sn utfd utfdfz fzb b an kb kbin inrb rb nxoduynitn ni nd âkmftl nauobtfvl pbrb rnjnrfrsn b db nvbdubofÿi qun ni dbs afvnrsbs fistftuoflins nauobtfvbs y ni dls olrrnspliafnitns ifvndns, prfkbrfl, snouiabrfl, uifvnrsftbrfl, ns ddnvbab b obml plr dls prljnsflibdns faÿinls pbrb  eustbknitn nvbdubr nd olilofkfnitl olilofkfnitl bprniafa bprniafal l plr pbrtn an dls bdukils.

KB]OL QNL]FOL OLIQNWQ^BD Gfstlrfb an dbs —rnans slofbdns‛ olkl dbs olilonkls Jun ni nd bòl 266>, oli db nknrsfÿi an db Fitnrint, qun db fanb an rna slofbd gb nkf`rbal gbofb nd kuial af`ftbd y nkpnzbal b tlkbr jlrkb, b trbvæs an ui sftfl ddbkbal odbsskbtns.olk. Odb dbssskbtns tfni fnin (s (sëë, ¡plrq rqu un bõi nxfstn!) ui prlpÿsftl mbstbitn ilstâd`fol5 byuabr b sus usubrfls b niolitrbr bkf`ls y olkpbònrls an nstuafl, snb an odbsn an ebraëi an fijbitns, prfkbrfl, snouiabrfl l uifvnrsfaba. Als bòls kâs tbran, ni 2660, iboëb sfxan`rnns.olk, db prfknrb rna qun gb pnrkftfal ornbr pnrjfdns, tninr dfstbs an bkf`ls n fitnrobkmfbr knisbens oli nddls. ^ib ourflsfaba mbstbitn fitnrnsbitn slmrn _fxAn`rnns5 su ilkmrn nstâ mbsbal ni db tnlrëb an dls snfs `rbals an snpbrbofÿi, qun olisfanrb qun uib pnrslib puna pu nan n olin olinot otbr brsn sn b oubd oubdqu qufn fnrr lt ltrb rb ni nd ku kuia ial l b trbv trbvæs æs an sl sldl dl sn snfs fs fitnrknafbrfls.

2:

 

Fi Fifo fofl fl and and kf kfdn dnif ifl, l, su sur` r`ni ni db dbss rn rnan anss lr lrfn fnit itba babs bs b db fi fitn tnrb rboo oofÿ fÿi i ni nitr trn n dl dlss kfnkmrls Jrfniastn Jrfnia stnr, r, Ky_ Ky_pb pbon on y gf> sli sli nenkpd nenkpdls ls an rnans rnans qun gbi ib ibofa ofal l ni nstn nstn pnrë pn rëla lal. l. Bd Bd`u `uib ibss ku kuyy plpu plpudb dbrn rnss gbst gbstb b nd aëb aëb an gl gly, y, ol olkl kl Df Dfih ihna naFi Fi (=33=) y Jbonmllh (=331), tbkmfæi sur`fnrli ni nstb æplob. Jrfniastnr  Ornbab ni =33= plr Elibtgbi Bmrbks, ni Obdfjlrifb, gb ddn`bal b bdobizbr ui æxftl nislranonalr, oli kâs an ui kfddÿi an kfnkmrls. _fi nkmbr`l, b pnsbr an su trfuijl, jun ansmbiobab ni plols knsns plr db plpudbrfaba an Ky_pbon. Ky_pbon Ni =33?, iboëb Ky_pbon. Olisfanrbab uib an dbs pflinrbs ni tninr rnoursls kudtfknafb, db rna jun ornbab ni bpnibs afnz aëbs y, an b plol, jun sukbial lpoflins olkl botubdfzboflins an kõsfob, jltls y gbstb db plsfmfdfaba an tninr  ui prlpfl mdl`. Ni =331, Ky_pbon yb gbmëb supnrbal b Jrfniastnr y sn gbmëb olivnrtfal ni db `rbi ilvnaba an db æplob. DfihnaFi Oli uib olionpofÿi tltbdknitn afjnrnitn, DfihnaFi, ornbab ni =33=, il tniëb olkl lmentfvl rnuifr bkf`ls, sfil olitbotls prljnsflibdns. Nrb nd lrf`ni an bd`l kuy olkõi gly ni aëb5 db ornbofÿi an pdbtbjlrkbs an rndbofÿi sn`knitbabs, lrfnitbabs b ui antnrkfibal põmdfol. Jbonmllh Ornbab plr Kbrh Uuohnrmnr Ornbab Uuohnrmnr` ` ni =331, bd prfiofpfl, prfiofpfl, olkl ui snrv snrvfofl fofl pbrb usl fitnril nitrn kfnkmrls an uib uifvnrsfaba, sn gb nxpbiafal y gly ns db kbylr  rna slofbd and kuial. Znrsâtfd y olkpdntb, Jbonmllh ns ui du`br pbrb `ninrbr in`lofls, olilonr  `nitn, rndboflibrsn oli bkf`ls, fijlrkbrsn, afvnrtfrsn, anmbtfr y kuogl kâs. Nd ansnl an olinotbrsn oli ltrbs pnrslibs ansan oubdqufnr du`br and pdbintb gb gnogl qun pnrslibs y lr`bifzboflins nstæi obab vnz kâs fiknrsbs ni dbs rnans rna ns slo slofbd fbdns, ns, dl qun gb sn`ufa sn`ufal l prl prlvlo vlobia bial l uib fio fionsb nsbitn itn orn ornbof bofÿi ÿi an iunvbs rnans, olkl5 Qwfttnr (=33:), Qukmdr (=330), Fistb`rbk (=323), _ibpogbt y @ll`dn + (=322). Dbs rnans kâs plpudbrns and klknitl Qlabs dbs rnans slofbdns tfnini nd kfskl ansbjël5 db obpbofaba an rnfivnitbrsn pbrb kbitninrsn vf`nitns ni ui bkmfnitn tbi olkpntftfvl. Nstbs sli dbs rnans qun gbi dl`rbal gbonrdl (y kuy mfni) nstn bòl5

20

 

Jbonmllh, db dëanr an sfnkprn Nstb rna slofbd sf`un sfnial db rna slofbd kâs olilofab, plpudbr y nxftlsb an fitnrint, oli ibab knils qun =.333 kfddlins an usubrfls. Jbonmllh il sldl nstrnogb dbs afstbiofbs n fkpudsb dbs rndboflins pnrslibdns. Qbkm Qb kmfæ fæi i ns ui uib b rn rna a ju juia iabk bkni nitb tbdd pb pbrb rb db dbss kb kbro robs bs,, ui uib b vn vnzz qu qun n ljrn ljrnon on gnrrbkfnitbs an `nstfÿi, n-olkknron, pumdfofaba y biâdfsfs an rnsudtbals. DfihnaFi, db rna prljnsflibd DfihnaFi gb bdobizbal db kbrob an >33 kfddlins an usubrfls rn`fstrbals ni =320, dl qun gb rnprnsnitbal ui ornofkfnitl gfstÿrfol ni nd õdtfkl bòl. Oli nstn iõknrl, pnrkbinoni olkl db kbylr rna slofbd prljnsflibd and kuial. An bounral oli db prlpfb rna, sli kâs an 23 kfddlins an ljnrtbs an trbmbel biuiofbabs, boonsl b abtls an kâs an 6 kfddlins an nkprnsbs y kâs an 233 kfd brtëoudls pumdfobals plr snkbib slmrn afjnrnitns tnkbs. Fistb`rbk y su ornofkfnitl afspbrbal Nd orn ornofk ofkfni fnitl tl kâs fkprn fkprnsfl sflib ibitn itn and bòl sn dl ddn ddnvb vb Fistb` Fistb`rbk rbk.. Oli ui buknitl bondnrbal, fiodusl nd kâs râpfal yb rn`fstrbal plr db rna slofbd, Fistb`rbk gb dl`rbal ddn`br b dls 733 kfddlins an usubrfls botfvls plr kns, oli >33 kfddlins boonafnial b db bpdfobofÿi tlals dls aëbs. Nstl,, sf Nstl sfi i auab auab,, sn anmn anmn b db obit obitfa faba ba an iu iunv nvbs bs juio juiofl flib ibdfdfab aban anss qu qun n gb fkpdnknitbal ni su bpdfobofÿi, olkl Fistb`rbk _tlrfns, trbiskfsflins ni vfvl y su ju juio iofÿ fÿi i Afrn Afrnot ot,, qun qun pnrk pnrkftn ftn nd ni nivë vël l prfv prfvba bal l an knis knisbe bens ns ni nitrn trn dl dlss usubrfls.

Bitnonanitns and fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols An 26:3 b 26:6, juiofliÿ ni db ofuaba an _bi Kbrols an Loltnpnqun, nd Fistftutl Srfvbal Nvbi`ædfol —Bkf`ls‛. Ni 2603 sn juiaÿ nd Fistftutl —_bi Kbrols‛, plr fifofbtfvb and Olkbiabitn Kfdftbr Pfdjrnal _âiognz y nd Sbtrlibtl rnspnotfvl, fitn`rbal an db kbinrb sf`ufnitn5 Srnsfanitn Srljnslr Duës Duës Njrbëi Nspfilzb (Bdobdan Ku Kuifofpbd) ifofpbd) Zfonp Zfonprnsfanitn rnsfanitn Srljns Srl jnslr lr Eus Eustl tl Kurfdd Kurfddl l Oâd Oâdfz, fz, _no _nornt rntbrf brfb b Srljns Srljnslrb lrb Kbr Kbrëb ëb Brk Brkfab fab Nsp Nspfil filzb zb,, Qnslrnrb Qnsl rnrb Srljn Srljnslrb slrb Kbrëb Bi`ædf Bi`ædfob ob Jf Jf`unrl `unrlb, b, Jfs Jfsobd obd Ali J Jnribi nribial al Lq Lqundë undë Nspfilzb, Zlobd Zlobd Mr. Jrbiofsol Bdmnrtl ]lanzil ]lanzil Nd Fistftutl —_bi Kbrols‛ jun ornbal plr db _norntbrëb an Nauobofÿi, knafbitn bounral Il. =72-NS-2603, an jnogb 7 an ninrl an 2603. jnogb 2603. Nd prfknr Afrnotlr and Fistftutl jun nd Srljn Srljnslr slr Elsæ _bitls ]bkls Bdvbrbal, gnrkbil and fisf`in pnrflafstb gliaurnòl Zniturb 27

 

]bkls ]bk ls Bdv Bdvbrb brbal. al. Bankâ Bankâss jun junrli rli kfn kfnkmr kmrls ls and prf prfknr knr pnr pnrsli slibd5 bd5 Srl Srljns jnslr  lr  @laljr @la ljrnal nal Ubobpb Ubobpb (_umAf (_umAfrno rnotlr tlr y _no _nornt rntbrf brfl), l), Srl Srljns jnslr lr Eus Eustl tl Kur Kurfddl fddl Oâdfx Oâdfx (Olisnenrl an Nstuafbitns), Srljnslrb Bkbiab Sfinab _bitls (Olisnenrb an Nstuaf Nst uafbit bitns) ns),, al aloni onitns tns55 Srljns Srljnslr lr Els Elsæ æ Obrkni Obrkni Jun Junitn itns, s, Srl Srljns jnslr lr Nir Nirfqu fqun n ]lanzil, Srljnslrb ]lsb ]lanzil an Nspfilzb, _.O. Kbrëb @ubabdupn Kneëb, Srljnslrb Obrkni Kneëb an Nspfilzb, S.K. Kbrëb Bi`ædfob Jf`unrlb ]lanzil (Qnslrnrb) y @dlrfb Jf`unrlb ]lanzil (Knobiÿ`rbjb). Ni ui fi fifo fofl fl nd Fi Fist stftu ftutl tl ju juio iofl fliÿ iÿ ni nd dl dlob obdd and and bo botu tubd bd Ebra Ebraëi ëi an If Ifòl òlss —Jrbiofsol Bdmnrtl ]lanzil‛. Ni 260: sn fibu`urÿ nd nafjfofl prlpfl, jrnitn bd Sbrqun Onitrbd, nd oubd jun olistrufal mbel db ollrafibofÿi and Sbtrlibtl Srl olistruoofÿi, prnsfafal plr nd Srljnslr Eustl Kurfddl Oâdfz y bplyl and pnrslibd and Fistftutl, nstuafbitns, pbarns an jbkfdfb y junrzbs vfvbs an db olkuifaba. Gbi jui`fal olkl Afrnotlrns and Fistftutl5 2603 ‟ 260: Srljnslr Elsæ _bitls ]bkls Bdvbrbal 260: ‟ 2606 Srljnslr _bdvbalr Bdvbrbal ]larë`unz 2606 ‟ 2670 Srljnslr Eustl Kurfddl Oâdfz 2670 ‟ =330 Dfo. Alkfi`l Zbddn Sfinab Ni 267=, b fifofbtfvb and Odum an Dnlins an _bi Kbrols, jun ornbab db elribab iloturib, oli Srfknr Oursl an Ofodl Olkõi8 nstn oursl oudkfiÿ ni 2670 oli db prfknrb prlklofÿi an Snrftls Knrobitfdns y Olitbalrns Sõmdfols. An 267= b 267> nstb elribab juiofliÿ oli alonitns vlduitbrfls kfnkmrls and Odum an Dnlins. Ni 267> nd Fistftutl —_bi Kbrols‛ jun ljfofbdfzbal plr db _norntbrëb an Nauobofÿi, tbitl Ofodl Olkõi elribab kbtutfib, olkl Nauobofÿi Olknrofbd  elribab iloturib. Nd Fistftutl an Nauobofÿi Knafb b Afstbiofb (F_NKNA), sn fifofÿ ni 266=, oli nd prlpÿsftl an mrfiabr iunvbs lplrtuifabans an supnrbofÿi b db euvnitua an nsobsls rnoursls noliÿkfols noliÿkfols an db zlib, nd oubd sn olisfanrb oli æxftl. Ni nd _fstnkb Srnsniofbd, juioflibi dbs klabdfabans sf`ufnitns5 Ofodl Olkõi, Nauo Na uobo bofÿ fÿi i Ol Olkn knro rofb fbd,d, Mb Mbog ogfdfddn dnrb rbtl tl ni Ofni Ofniof ofbs bs y Dn Dntr trbs bs y Qæ Qæoi oifo fol l ni Olkputbofÿi oli bkpdfbofÿi bkpdfbofÿi b Mbogfddnrbtl ni ni Ofniofbs y Dntrbs8 ni nd nd _fstnkb

26

 

an Nauobofÿi Knafb b Afstbiofb5 Ofodl Olkõi y Mbogfddnrbtl ni Bakfifstrbofÿi an Nkprnsbs. Ni 2677, b fifofbtfvb and Srljnslr Alkfi`l Zbddn Sfinab, db Bdobdaëb Kuifofpbd, prns prnsfa fafa fab b plr plr nd S._. S._. Ensõ Ensõss Lrdb Lrdbia ial l @unr @unrrb rb,, ol olkp kprÿ rÿ ui prna prnafl fl an al alss kbiz kb izbi bibs bs an nx nxtn tnis isfÿ fÿi i b Ali Ali Ni Nirf rfqu qun n Sf Sflq lquf ufit itl l Zb Zbddddn n Juni Junitn tns, s, pl plrr nd sfkmÿdfol prnofl an Qrnfitb Kfd Dnkpfrbs (D. ?3,333.33) ni nd sftfl olilofal oli nd ilkmrn an —Dls Sfils‛, anstfibal b db olistruoofÿi and iunvl nafjfofl and Fistft Fis tftutl utl Ljf Ljfofb ofbdd —_b —_bi i Kbr Kbrols ols‛. ‛. Slstnr Slstnrflr flrkni knitn tn nd Fis Fistft tftutl utl jun olk olkprb prbial ial sldb sl dbrn rnss ba baeu euit itls ls,, gb gbst stb b olij olijlr lrkb kbrr ui pr prna nafl fl an ou oubt btrl rl (1) (1) kb kbiz izbi bibs bs an nxtn nx tnis isfÿ fÿi. i. Qfnk Qfnkpl pl ansp anspuæ uæss nd Fi Fist stftftut utl l sl sldfdfof oftÿ tÿ b db Lj Ljfo fofi fib b an Mf Mfni nins ns Iboflibdns an db _norntbrëb an Nauobofÿi db ndbmlrbofÿi an dls pdbils and nafjfofl, tlkbial ni ounitb db tlpl`rbjëb and tnrrnil y db inonsfaba and Onitrl Nauobtfvl. Ni 266:, nd Afrnotlr and Fistftutl sn prnsnitÿ b Obsb Srnsfaniofbd pbrb prnsnitbr nd Srlynotl Olistruoofÿi and Iunvl Nafjfofl bd Srnsfanitn an Db ]npõmdfob Ar. Obrdls ]lmnrtl ]nfib, sn olitÿ oli nd bplyl and Afputbal Srljnslr Kbiund _bialvbd Obmrnrb. Nd iunvl nafjfofl and Fistftutl sn olistruyÿ nitrn dls bòls 2660 ‟ =331 plr db _norntbrëb an Nauobofÿi, JGF_ y bplyl dlobd8 bõi il nstâ oliodufal. Nd Fistftutl Ljfofbd —_bi Kbrols‛ sn trbsdbaÿ b su iunvl nafjfofl ni jnmrnrl an =33>. Enrbrquëb anitrl an db bakfifstrbofÿi Dls obr`ls obr`ls an Afrnotfv Afrnotfvb b Alonitn Alonitn and Fistftu Fistftutl tl Ljfofbd —Ar. Nstnmbi Nstnmbi Knial Knialzb‛ zb‛ olijlrkbi55 Afrno olijlrkbi Afrnoofÿi ofÿi,, _um._um.-Afrno Afrnoofÿi ofÿi y _norntbrëb. _norntbrëb. Slstnrflrk Slstnrflrknitn nitn nstâ dls obr`ls tæoifols y dbs ollrafiboflins an ârnb y dls alonitns. Bankâs nstâ lr`bifzbal nd olisnel an prljnslrns, db slofnaba an pbarns an jbkfdfb, nd `lmfnril nstuafbitfd. Jbotlrns Fitnrils V Nxtnrils Nitr Ni trn n dl dlss jb jbot otlr lrns ns fi fitn tnri rils ls qu qun n olia oliafo fofl flib ibi i nd prlo prlons nsl l an ni nisn snòb òbiz izb b -bprniafzben, sn punan knioflibr5 

Nafjfo Naf jfofl fl Nauobt Nauobtfvl fvl55 Ns nd nspbof nspbofl l jës jësfol fol anstfi anstfiba bal l b bdm bdmnr` nr`br br b db plmdbofÿi nstu nstuafbitfd afbitfd pbrb ansbrrlddbr nd prlonsl nauobtfvl, nstn nstâ afsn afsnòb òbal al oli oli mbsn mbsn b db ankb ankbia iab b ns nstb tbmd mdno nofa fab b ni ui nstu nstuaf afl l an =3

 

inonsfabans y obrbotnrëstfobs an uib plmdbofÿi b snrvfr, ni tærkfils an uib kâxfkb utfdfzbofÿi an dls nspbofls. 

Klmfdfbrfl Nauobtfvl5 Ns nd olieuitl an ndnknitls olkpdnknitbrfls oli dls qun ounitb nd Fistftutl, yb snbi jfels l kÿvfdns, qun pnrkftni nd sn`u sn `ufkf fkfni nitl tl an db dbss bo botfv tfvfa faba bans ns na nauo uobt btfv fvbs bs,, ne nenk nkpd pdl5 l5 pu pupf pftr trns ns,,



pfzbrrlins. Nqufpl Buaflvfsubd5 Ns nd olieuitl an rnoursls oli qun sn bplybi dls alon al onit itns ns pb pbrb rb jb jbof ofdfdftb tbrr nd pr prlo lons nsl l an ni nisn snòb òbiz izb b - bp bprn rnia iafz fzbe ben, n, anspnrtbial fitnræs ni nd nstuafbitn b trbvæs an dls snitfals and lëal y db vfstb.



Kbtn Kb tnrf rfbd bd Afaâ Afaâot otfo fol5 l5 _l _li i tl tlal alss dl dlss fk fkpd pdnk nkni nitl tlss ns nspn pnof ofbd bdns ns qu qun n olitrfmuyni b db nisnòbizb nsoldbrfzbab, utfdfzbals oli nd lmentl an jb jbof ofdfdftb tbrr db tr trbi bisk skfs fsfÿ fÿi i an dls dls olit olitni nifa fals ls prl` prl`rb rbkâ kâtftfools b dl dlss nstuafbitns.



]nours ]nou rsls ls Jf Jfib ibio iofn fnrl rlss Fi Fitn tnri rils ls55 _l _li i dl dlss rnou rnours rsls ls no noli liÿk ÿkfo fols ls prlvnifnitns an botfvfabans lr`bifzbabs anitrl and fistftutl, oli nd jfi an b`niofbrsn an jlials pbrb nd knelrbkfnitl and kfskl. Olkl snr5



Qfniab nsoldbr 



]fjbs



Hnrknsns



 Botfvfabans _lofbdns _lofbdns (Mbfdns, Olivfvfls nto.)



_ldfoftua an bplrtns b nitfabans prfvbabs



_lpl _l plrt rtn n Fi Fist stftftuo uofl flib ibdd an andd Ns Nstb tbal al55 ]n ]njn jnrf rfal al ns nspn pnoë oëjfjfob obkn knit itn n b db ju juio iofÿ fÿi i an db _u _upn pnrv rvfs fsfÿ fÿi i Na Nauo uobt btfv fvb, b, qu qun n rnbd rnbdfz fzb b bo boof ofli lins ns an bsnslrëb, bsns lrëb, lrfnitbofÿ lrfnitbofÿi, i, sn`ufkfni sn`ufkfnitl, tl, ollr ollrafibo afibofÿi fÿi y nvbd nvbdubof ubofÿi ÿi and prlonsl an nisnòbizb ‟ bprniafzben.



Snrslibd Alonitn5 _li dls prljnslrns qun gboni plsfmdn nd prlonsl an nisnòbizb, vbdfæialsn an tæoifobs pbrb jbofdftbrdl, y prlourbial uib munib fitnrrndbofÿi oli dls bdukils.



Jlrkbo Jlr kbofÿi fÿi Alo Alonit nitn5 n5 _n rnj rnjfnr fnrn n b db jlrkbo jlrkbofÿi fÿi bob bobaæk aækfob fob an dls alonitns.

=2

 



Obpboftbofÿi Alonitn5 _li bqunddbs prnpbrboflins l jlrkboflins qun ni tnkbs nauobtfvls tfnini dls alonitns, pbrb nd knelrbkfnitl an db nisnòbizb.

Jbotlrns Nxtnrils 

]nours ]no ursls ls Jfi Jfibio biofnr fnrls ls Nxt Nxtnri nrils5 ls5 tla tlals ls dls bp bplrt lrtns ns nol noliÿk iÿkfol folss olisfs oli sfstni tnitns tns ni nd sumsfa sumsfafl fl biu biubd bd qun rnofmn rnofmni i nd fis fistft tftutl utls, s, pbr pbrb b sujrb` suj rb`br br `bstl `bstlss an jui juiofl oflib ibkfn kfnitl itl88 æst æstls ls sli sli prl prlvni vnifni fnitns tns and Nstbal, db Kuifofpbdfaba dlobd y dls Sbarns an Jbkfdfb.



Sbrtfofpbofÿi Nauobtfvb an db Jbkfdfb5 Ns db pbrtfofpbofÿi vlduitbrfb qun tfnin db jbkfdfb ni botfvfabans lrfnitbabs b mninjfofbr nd prlonsl nauobtfvl y knelrbr dls rnsudtbals and fistftutl.



Ollrafibofÿi Qæoifob Srfvbab5 Ns nd bplyl mrfiabal plr nd snotlr  prfvbal pbrb nd knelrbkfnitl and juioflibkfnitl and fistftutl ni nd bspno bs pnotl tl nau nauobt obtfvl fvl,, nd oubd oubd pun punan an oli olisfs sfstfr tfr ni bpl bplyl yl no noliÿ liÿkfo kfol, l, bsnslrëbs l obpboftboflins, mnobs, nto. Vb snb jfibiofbabs plr nd `lmfnril l db nk nkprnsb prnsb p prfvbab. rfvbab.

KF_FLI

Ljrnonkls snrvfofls an nxondniofb nauobtfvb, prlklvfnial db fivnstf`bofÿi ofnitëjfob, nd trbmbel prlauotfvl y jlrtbdnofnial vbdlrns, b jfi an jlrkbr ofuababils (bs) obpbons y olisofnitns pbrb olivnrtfrsn ni botlrns an su prlpfb supnrbofÿi y an db slofnaba. ZF_FLI

_nr uib fistftuofÿi nauobtfvb dëanr ni db zlib, qun olitrfmuyb ni db jlrkbofÿi fitn`rbd an dls (bs) nstuafbitns, pbrb qun pbrtfofpni njfofnitnknitn ni nd ansbrrlddl an Gliaurbs.  

==

 

KB]OL QNL]FOL N_SNOËJFOL  Botubd knitn dbs rnans slofbdns loupbi ui du`br kuy fkplrtbitn anitrl an db slofnaba, yb qun sn gb olivnrtfal ni db prfiofpbd jlrkb an fitnrboofÿi nitrn dbs pnrslibs, kâs olkõi knitn anitrl an dls eÿvnins, qun b dl dbr`l an dls bòls sn vb `ninrbial ui bdtl fkpbotl y rnvlduofÿi tltbd ni nd kuial an dbs olkuifoboflins, olivfrtfæialsn ni ui jniÿknil slofbd, y ni uib gnrrbkfnitb mâsfob ni db nauobofÿi.  Bpdfobal bd tnkb —Fijduniofb an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl boba bo baæk ækfo fol l ni dls dls ns nstu tuaf afbi bitn tnss an andd fist fistftftut utl l ljfo ljfofb fbdd _b _bi i Kbro Kbrols ls‛‛ Jlrkud Jlr kudbk bkls ls an db sf` sf`ufn ufnitn itn kb kbinr inrb b db prn prn`ui `uitb tb prf prfiof iofpb pbd5d5 ¼Oÿ ¼Oÿkl kl fijduyn nd usl an dbs rnans slofbdns ni nd rniafkfnitl bobaækfol ni dls nstuafbitns and Fistftutl Ljfofbd _bi Kbrols< Anjfifofÿi and prlmdnkb5 Ni db botubdfaba, dbs rnans slofbdns sn gbi olivnrtfal ni uil an dls knafls an olkuifobofÿi kâs utfdfzbals plr db slofnaba, puns rnjdnebi db inonsfaba and snr gukbil an nxprnsfÿi y rnolilofkfnitl, alian kuogls sn sfnitni fanitfjfobals y olkpbrtni fitnrnsns olkuins. Eustfjfobofÿi5 Dbs rnans slofbdns sli ui knafl an olkuifobofÿi bglrb kuy utfdfzbal plr kuogbs pnrslibs ni `ninrbd plr dls eÿvnins, ni dls õdtfkls bòls sn gb nxpbiafal su usl. Dbs rnans slofbdns il sli in`btfvbs ni së kfskbs ns kâs sli uib fkplrtbitn gnrrbkfnitb pbrb olkpbrtfr fijlrkbofÿi, afbdl`br, fivnstf`br 

=?

 

y kbitninr rndboflins slofbdns b ifvnd dlobd y afstbiofb, sfi nkmbr`l ui usl fibanoubal an db kfskb punan fiofafr ni ui knilr rniafkfnitl ni nd âkmftl nstuafbitfd y an nstn anrfvbr kbdbs obdfjfoboflins n fiodusl uib kbdb oliauotb, bd f`ubd qun lourrn oli ltrbs gnrrbkfnitbs, l oli nd usl qun sn gbon and lofl, su utfdfzbofÿi ns plsftfvb, pnrl anmn snr rn`udbab pbrb qun il rnauian ni tærkfils in`btfvls

. Juiabknitbofÿi Juiabknitbofÿ i Qnÿrfob5 Dbs rnans rnans slo slofbd fbdns ns sli nstruo nstruotur turbs bs jlr jlrkba kbabs bs ni Fit Fitnri nrint nt plr pnr pnrsli slibs bs u lr`bifzboflins qun sn olinotbi b pbrtfr an fitnrnsns l vbdlrns olkuins. B trbvæs an nddbs, sn ornbi rndboflins nitrn fiafvfauls l nkprnsbs an jlrkb râpfab, sfi enrbrquëb l dëkftns jësfols. Ni dbs õdtfkbs aæobabs, dbs ]nans _lofbdns gbi nxpnrfknitbal uib `rbi nvlduofÿi, y oli nddb, sn gbi kudtfpdfobal y afvnrsfjfobal dbs plsfmfdfabans an nstls iunvls knafls. Ni db botubdfaba, nd usl qun dls fiafvfauls gboni an nstbs tnoildl`ëbs ns prâotfobknitn afbrfl5 olisudtb an pâ`fibs wnm, olrrnl ndno ndnotrÿ trÿif ifol ol.. Nd tn tnkb kb sndn sndnoo oofl flib ibal al sn mb mbsb sbrâ râ ni ui bi biâd âdfs fsfs fs an db dbss rnan rnanss slof sl ofbd bdns ns pb pbrb rb an nstb nstb kb kbin inrb rb olil olilon onrr su fi fijdjdun unio iofb fb ni db jlrk jlrkbo bofÿ fÿi i an nstuafbitns an dls afstfitls oldn`fls. Nd prlpÿsftl ns abr b olilonr plr quæ nstbs rnans obptbi db btniofÿi obsf fiknafbtb an dls nstuafbitns lobsflibial bsë, qun nstls kuogbs vnons pfnrabi nd olitrld tltbd an bqunddl qun nstbmbi gbofnial. Jbonmllh, twfttnr, VluQumn, nitrn ltrbs sli bd`uibs an dbs rnans kâs utfd utfdfzb fzbabs abs plr plr

oldn` oldn`fbd fbdns ns yb q qun un ns nstbs tbs gbi gbi pn pnrkf rkftfa tfal l qun n nstl stlss sn

kbitni`bi ni olistbitn fitnrboofÿi an kbinrb `rbtuftb, sniofddb y râpfab. Nd kbd usl an dbs bpdfoboflins l an nstls sfstnkbs punan obusbr  afstrb afs trboo oofÿi fÿi,, pær pærafa afab b an tfn tfnkpl kpl,, pnr pnrafa afab b an prf prfvbo vbofab faba, a, ni nitrn trn ltr ltrls ls bspn bs pnot otls ls in in`b `btftfvl vls, s, pn pnrl rl mfni mfni ut utfdfdfz fzba babs bs pu puna nani ni trbn trbnrr mn mnin injfo jfofl flss fkplrtbitns b oubdqufnr pnrslib fioduynial b bqunddbs qun il `ustbi kuogl.

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Dbs vnitbebs an dbs rnans slofbdns5 @ninrbdns knitns `ninrbi kbylr olkuifobofÿi l b jbofdftbi, 

nitrn dls eÿvnins, 

Nstâi knelr fijlrkbals.

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Ni su kbylrëb vnioni b db tfkfanz b trbvæs an dbs kfskbs.

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Jbofdft Jbo fdftbi bi dbs rndbof rndboflin linss nit nitrn rn dbs pnrsl pnrslibs ibs,, sfi dbs mbrrnr mbrrnrbs bs oudturbdns y jësfobs.

Obmn Ob mn rnsb rnsbdtdtbr br qu qun n il nstâ nstâ kbd kbd ibvn ibvn`b `brr ni db dbss rnan rnanss sl slof ofbd bdns ns n fi fitn tnrb rbot otub ubrr ol oli i tu tuss bkf` bkf`ls ls,, pn pnrl rl anmn anmnkl klss nx nxpd pdlr lrbr br db dbss kõ kõdtf dtfpd pdns ns lpoflins qun fitnrint ils ljrnon.   BIQNONANIQN_ BIQNONANIQN_5 Qlal Qla l olkni olknizÿ zÿ oli db ornbof ornbofÿi ÿi and and prl prlyn ynotl otl B] B]SBI SBINQ NQ (Bavb (Bavbion iona a Srlenot B`nioy Int) plr pbrtn and `lmfnril nstbaluifanisn. _n trbtbmb an uib rna ni db qun dls lranibalrns olinotbals b nddb afspliëbi an afvnrsbs rutbs plr bdtnribr dbs olkuifoboflins, oli nd jfi an olitfiubr  ju juio iofl flib ibia ial, l, buiq buiqun un bd bd`u `uil ilss an nd nddl dlss juns junsni ni anst anstru rufa fals ls ol olkl kl olisnouniofb an bd`õi btbqun. Vb ni dls bòls sntnitb olknizbrli b uifrsn b db rna, nkprnsbs n fistftuoflins nauobtfvbs, anskbroâialsn bsë and âkmftl nstrfotbknitn kfdftbr.

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BIQNONANIQN_ BIQNONANIQN _ AND S]LMDNKB Dbs rnans slofbdns qun tfnin su fifofl onrob and =33= sli pâ`fibs wnm qun pnrkft pnr kftni ni qu qun n dls fia fiafvfa fvfauls uls fit fitnrb nrbotõ otõni ni oli ltr ltrbs bs pn pnrsl rslib ibs, s, plr afj afjnrn nrnitn itnss kltfvls snbi nstls bkfstba, pbrnitnsol l qun tni`bi bd`õi fitnræs ni olkõi. Ni db bo botu tubd bdfa faba ba dls dls ns nstu tuaf afbi bitn tnss ut utfdfdfz fzbi bi olis olistb tbit itnk nkni nitn tn ns nstb tbss rnan rnanss lobsflibial qun nstâs obptni kâs db btniofÿi an dls kfskls qun oubdqufnr  ltrb olsb qun nstæi gbofnial. ]nans olkl Jbonmllh y Qwfttnr sli dbs qun jlrkbi pbrtn an nstn jniÿknil fkpbrbmdn qun gb dl`rbal fijduniofbrsn nitrn dls nstuafbitns, dl`rbial bsë qun dls kfskls pfnrabi nd olitrld tltbd an sus botfvfabans plr sumfr jltls, ogbt, ansobr`br kõsfob l sfkpdnknitn kbitninr ui pnrj pn rjfdfd sl slof ofbd bd botf botfvl vl.. Ni pl plob obss pb pbdb dbmr mrbs bs dl dlss eÿ eÿvn vnin inss gl glyy ni aëb aëb in inon onsf sftb tbi i prâotfobknitn an nstbs rnans. Dbs rnans slofbdns sfi auab bd`uib sli uib fijduniofb plsftfvb ni db vfab an ui nstuafbitn sfnkprn y oubial snbi utfdfzbabs klanrbabknitn, yb qun tbkmfæi ns nd knafl plr nd oubd tn punans olkuifobr  il sldl pbrb ogbrdbr an tu vfab, sfil tbkmfæi pbrb gbonr tbrnbs y pdbinbr bd`õi trbmbel `rupbd. Snrl nd prlmdnkb rbafob oubial nd nstuafbitn bmusb an nstb y aneb b ui dbal su vfab ilrkbd pbrb tninr uib vfab vfrtubd.  

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NDBML]BOFLI AN GFSLQN_F_

Gfpÿtnsfs Sdbitnbabs G25 Nd boonsl b dbs fistbdboflins and fistftutl ns olkpdntbknitn banoubal.

FANIQFJFOBOFLI AN DB_ ZB]FBMDN_

Zbrfbmdns fianpniafnitns 2. Boon Boonsl sl b ddbs bs fi fist stbd bdbo bofl flin ins. s.

Afknisflins  Boonsl pbrb pnbtlins, boonsl pbrb vngëoudls, boonsl b trbisplrtn oldnotfvl, boonsl boo nsl fdukf fdukfiba ibal l plr fi`rn fi`rnsl sl iloturil iloturil,, bo boons onsl l

oli snòb snòbdns dns an trâ trâisf isftl, tl,

boonsl oli oâkbrbs, boonsl oli vf`fdbiofb, boonsl oli obddn bsjbdtbab, boonsl oli pbrqunl andfkftbal

Zbrfbmdns anpniafnitns sbtfsjboofÿi bd bo boonsl onsl b dbs fistbdbofl fistbdboflins. ins. 2. @rbal an sbtfsjboofÿi

Afknisflins Qfpl an usubrfl and boons boonsl, l, ifvnd an nau nauobofÿi, obofÿi, prlpÿsftl pl plrr nd ooubd ubd usb dbs fistbdboflins.

Fiafobalrns  B`fdfaba ni db prnstbofÿi prnstbofÿi an snrvfofls plr dls alonitns. alonitns. 

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_btfsjboofÿi an dls nstuafbitns oli nd boonsl an dbs fistbdboflins.   =0

 

gttps5//rloholitnit.olk/ns/mdl`/gfstlrfb-an-dbs-rna gttps5//rloholitni t.olk/ns/mdl`/gfstlrfb-an-dbs-rnans-slofbdns/ ns-slofbdns/ gttps5//fistftutlsbikbrols.ns.td/ZFF-Elribabs-an-Nstuafl.gtk#

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