Márgen de Utilidad
September 1, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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OÄWEMJ AM ]QHLHADA Lks Oäremjms am ]thlhada d trdvès am ld ikomrihdlhzdihùj sm mxprmsdj tïphidomjtm mj ml oètkak dl pkr Omjkr (dl amtdllm), qum amsirhgm ml Ikihmjtm am ]thlhada aml Pdlkr dl Vkr Omjkr. Mstd `heurd ikjtmstd d ld prmeujtd, "»Tuè pkrimjtdbm (%) aml Pdlkr dl Vkr Omjkr ms ]thlhada;". Yh uj drtïiulk drtï iulk qum iumstd 4,66 sm vmjam pdrd 7,66. Mstm 4,66 `umrd 4,66 `umrd am msks 7,66 qum sm vmjamj ms ]thlhada. Vkr lk tdjtk, heudlms aml 4/7 (6.=) uj Odremj am ]thlhada aml =6%. Dleujks ohjkrhstds mstäj dikstuogrdaks oäs dl iäliulk aml oètkak aml Ikstm aml Odremj am ]thlhada, qum amsirhgm ml Ikihmjtm aml ]thlhada dl Ikstm. Ikj mstm ml ms mbmoplk uj4,66 Odremj am ]thlhada 466% ikok rmsultdak am ujd ]thlhada amoètkak 4,66 qum cmick adrïd mj uj luedr Ikstmdam (4/4 Odremj am ]thlhada qum heudld 466%). WV9 kpmrd mj gdsm dl Odremj am ]thlhada skgrm Pmjtds. Lks iäliulks sheuhmjtms sm prmsmjtdj d trdvès am ld ikomrihdlhzdihùj y sm pumamj uthlhzdr pdrd omahr ml `ujihkjdohmjtk am ld omridamrïd mj lds vdrhds mtdpds y am vdrhks pujtks am vhstd. Lk qum sheum ms ujd rmmxdohjdihùj aml shejh`hidak am idad iäliulk.
@krouldihù j2
ODWEMJ HJHIHDL AM HJHIHDL AM ]QHLHADA ( HO] ) Ml odremj am uthlhada hjhihdl rm`hmrm dl odremj am uthlhada mj tkads lds omridjiïds odjmbdads aurdjtm ml pmrïkak djtms am qum iudlquhmr rmgdbd `umrd tkodad. Vkrqum WV9, odjthmjm hjvmjtdrhk am ikjilushùj mj vmz am hjvmjtdrhk qum ikohmjzd mj ml drichvk am chstkrhd omjsudl, HO] sm idliuld am hjvmjtdrhk am ikjilushùj usdjak ml vdlkr am ld vmjtd dl pkr omjkr y aml ikstm aml hjvmjtdrhk am ikjilushùj, oäs ml vdlkr am ld vmjtd dl pkr omjkr y aml ikstm am tkak ml hjvmjtdrhk vmjahak, oäs ml vdlkr am tkads lds rmgdbds `hbdads. Mstk sm rm`hmrm d vmims ikok rmgdbd diuouldthvd. Dleujks usudrhks pumamj mstdr dikstuogrdaks dl odremj am uthlhada hjhihdl idliuldak usdjak ml vdlkr am ld vmjtd dl pkr omjkr y aml ikstm aml hjvmjtdrhk aml prhjihphk aml pmrïkak, oäs tkaks lks rmihgks aurdjtm ml pmrïkak hjiluymjak iudlquhmr dbustm cmick dl ikstm am ikoprd y d iudlmsquhmrd idoghks aml prmihk dl pkr omjkr (tdoghèj lldodaks lks oäremjms am uthlhada y lds idjimldihkjms aml odremj am uthlhada).
@krouldihùj 2
ODWEMJ ODJQMJHAK ]QHLHADA ODJQMJHAK ]QHLHADA (O O ]) Ml odremj am uthlhada odjtmjhak (d vmims mthqumtdak odremj grutk amjtrk am ld ikomrihdlhzdihùj) sm uthlhzd pdrd rm`mrhr dl odremj rmdl mj tkads lds omridjiïds vmjahads aurdjtm ml pmrïkak. Ym idliuld mstk usdjak vmjtds dl pkr omjkr y ml ikstm am vmjtds. Mstd `heurd sm rm`hmrm d vmims ikok pkrimjtdbm am uthlhada grutd.
@krouldihùj2
ODWEMJ IKWWHMJQM K IKWWHMJQM K DIQ]DL AM ]QHLHADA ( I O ] ) Ml odremj am uthlhada ditudl ms ml odremj am uthlhada mj hjvmjtdrhk mj ld odjk. Ym idliuld usdjak ml vdlkr am ld vmjtd dl pkr omjkr y aml ikstm aml hjvmjtdr hjvmjtdrhk hk mj ld odjk. Yh jk cdy hjvmjtdrhk hjvmjtdrhk mj ld odjk, amspuès ml odremj am uthlhada ditudl smrä imrk. Ml odremj am uthlhada ditudl sm pumam pmjsdr mj ikok odremj pktmjihdl mj lds vmjtds `uturds.
@krouldihùj2
ODWEMJ OÄSHOK OÄSHOK WMI]VMWDGLM WMI]VMWDGLM ( ( O W O ) Èstm ms ml odremj oäxhok qum pkarïd rmsultdr sh tkak ml hjvmjtdrhk `umrd vmjahak, adak ml odremj ditudl oäs dllä am odjtmjhak vmjtds y aml hjvmjtdrhk ditudl. Mstdrä shmoprm mjtrm ml odremj am uthlhada y mlodremj odremjam amuthlhada uthlhada mj ditudl.
@krouldihùj 2
ODWEMJ GW]QK aml WMQKWJK am ld HJPMWYHÙJ mj HJPMJQDWHK (EOWKH)
EOWKH (Erkss Odrehj Wmturj Kj Hjvmstomjt ) Yh ustma ustma ms uj ohjkrh ohjkrhstd std,, `dgrhi `dgrhidjt djtm m k ahs ahstrh trhguha guhakr, kr, ujd hopkrt hopkrtdjt djtm m cmrrdo cmrrdohmj hmjtd td pdrd pdrd kgtmjm kgtmjmr r gmjm`hihks pdrd su jmekihk, ms ikjkimr ld hjvmrshùj mj hjvmjtdrhk. Adak qum ml 06% dl 36% am lks dithvks mstäj mj su hjvmjtdrhk ms msmjihdl qum lks ohjkrhstds ikjkzidj ikok omahrlk. ]jd am mstds cmrrdohmjtds qum tm pmrohtm omahr y daohjhstrdr ld prkauithvhada am su hjvmrshùj mj hjvmjtdrhk, hjvmjt drhk, ms EOWKH (Odremj Grutk aml Wmtkrjk am ld Hjvmrshùj am Hjvmjtdrhk), ld iudl ms ujd omahad am prkauithvha prkauithvhada da am hjvmjtdrhk, hjvmjtdrhk, qum mxprmsd ld rmldihùj mjtrm mjtrm ml tktdl am lds vmjtds, ml odremj grutk am ahicds vmjtds y ml vdlkr okjmtdrhk qum hjvmrthak mj ml hj hjvmjtdrhk. vmjtdrhk. ]jd am lds prhjihpdlms vmjtdbds, ms qum EOWKH `ujihkjd pdrd iudlquhmr tdodôk am jmekihks, ampdrtdomjtk k ildsh`hidihùj am omridjiïds amjtrk am ujd moprmsd. EOWKH lk pumam uthlhzdr pdrd tkad ld thmjad, pdrd idad ampdrtdomjtk amjtrk am su thmjad, k hjilusk pdrd iudlquhmr pmrskjd qum odjmbm ml tmod mj su dlodièj. ]thlhzäjaklk ikok ujd cmrrdohmjtd am omahihùj, pumam ikopdrdr ml vdlkr rmldthvk am idad phmzd am omridjiïd y sdidr ikjilushkjms dimrid am akjam amgmrïdj ikjimjtrdr sus ms`umrzks pdrd lkerdr ld oäxhod rmjtdghlhada. Mstm iäliulk hjahid ld idjthada am odremj grutk qum sm tm rmermsdrd pkr idad $4 (]jhada Okjmtdrhd) hjvmrthak mj ml hjvmjtdrhk. Ms mxprmsdak mj pkrimjtdbm k oòlthplks okjmtdrhks, okjmtdrhks, ml iudl iudl hjahid iudjtds vmims cd rmiupmrdak ld hjvmrshùj krhehjdl am hjvmjtdrhk, amsam uj pmrhkak am thmopk djtmrhkr, rmeuldromjtm pkr dôk. EOWKH ikoghjd aks hopkrtdjtms `ditkrms am rmjtdghlhada2 ml odremj grutk y su rmldihùj mjtrm lds vmjtds y ld hjvmrshùj mj hjvmjtdrhk. Ikj ml ikstk am vmjtd dl pkr omjkr y ml hjvmjtdrhk duomjtdjak ikjstdjtmomjtm, amgmrä kgtmjmr ml odykr rmjahohmjtk pkshglm pdrd ld idjthada qum hjvhmrtd mj ml hjvmjtdrhk. Ml prmstdrlm ujd mstrmicd vhehldjihd dl EOWKH, lm dyuadrd d dlidjzdr mstm kgbmthvk.
IKOK IDLI]LDW ML EOWKH Vdsk 4. Idliuldr su odremj grutk mj tèrohjks okjmtdrhks y mj pkrimjtdbm.
Ld `ùrould pdrd idliuldr ml odremj grutk mj ih`rds okjmtdrhds ms ld sheuhmjtm2
^$ Odremj Grutk_ (vdlkr okjmtdrhk) ? ^$ Pmjtds_ ’ ^$ Ikstk am drtïiulks vmjahaks_
X pdrd mxprmsdr ml odremj grutk ikok pkrimjtdbm2
^% Odremj Grutk_ (pkrimjtdbm) ? ( ^$ Odremj Grutk_ / ^$ Pmjtds_ ) * 466
Vdsk 7.
Idliuldr ml prkomahk aml hjvmjtdrhk dl ikstk. Vdrd kgtmjmr ml prkomahk am hjvmjtdrhk d ikstk djudlomjtm, suom tkaks lks hjvmjtdrhks qum tmrohjd pkr idad oms am mstm dôk, damoäs am ld `hjdlhzdihùj aml hj hjvmjtdrhk vmjtdrhk pdrd ml dôk djtmrhkr. Vdrd kgtmjmr ml prkomahk, ahvhad ml jòomrk am hjvmjtdrhks mjtr mjtrm m 49, ml iudl ms ld suo suod d aml jòomrk am hjvmjtdrhks.
Vdsk 9. Idliulm ml ikm`hihmjtm am hjvmrshùj d sus vmjtds aml hjvmjtdrhk.
Mstk sm kgthmjm ahvhahmjak ml tktdl am vmjtds mjtrm ml hjvmjtdrhk d prmihk am ikstk, Vdsk 1. Idliulk aml pkrimjtdbm EOWKH.
EOWKH? ^$ Pmjtds djudlms_ / ^$ Vrkomahk Hjvmjtdrhk d ikstk_ * ^% Odremj grutk_
Vdrd ikjilu Vdrd ikjiluhr, hr, sm prmsmj prmsmjtd td uj mbmopl mbmoplk k mj ml iudl iudl sm rmdlhzd rmdlhzdj j lks iäliulks iäliulks djtmrh djtmrhkro kromjt mjtm m omjihkjdaks pdrd ld kgtmjihùj aml Odremj Grutk am Wmtkrjk am Hjvmrshùj (EOWKH).
Mbmoplk2 D trdvès am uj iuhadaksk djälhshs, sm pumam vmr qum lïjmds, ampdrtdomjtks k idtmekrïds skj ods rmjtdglms pdrd su hjvmrshùj mj hjvmjtdrhk. Dsuohmjak qum tmjmoks ujds vmjtds tktdlms am 4,666,666 OJ y uj ikstk am drtïiulks vmjahaks am 936,666 OJ. Ml iäliulk aml odremj grutk smrhd sm ld sheuhmjtm `krod2
Vdsk 4. ^$ Odremj grutk_ ? 4, 666,666 OJ ’ 936,666 OJ ? 076,666 OJ ^% Odremj Grutk_ ? 076,666 OJ / 4, 666, 666 OJ ? 6.07 * 466 ? 07%
Vdsk 7. Yupkjedoks qum ld suod am lks hjvmjtdrhks, hjiluymjak ml `hj am dôk djtmrhkr ms am 9,=66,666 OJ, ml prkomahk aml hjvmjtdrhk dl ikstk smrïd2 ^$ Vrkomahk Hjvmjtdrhk d Ikstk_ ? ^$ Yuod Hjvmjtdrhk Djudl_ / 49 ^$ Vrkomahk Hjvmjtdrhk d Ikstk_ ? 9,=66,666 OJ / 49 ? 708, 796.58 OJ
Vdsk 9. ^Ikm`hihmjtm am hjvmrshùj_ ? ^$ Pmjtds Djudlms_ / ^$ Vrkomahk Hjvmjtdrhk d Ikstk_ ^Ikm`hihmjtm am hjvmrshùj_ ? 4, 666, 666 OJ / 708, 796 OJ ? 9.5417
Vdsk Vdsk 1.
Vkr òlthok ml iäliulk aml EOWKH2 EOWKH ? ^% Odremj Grutk_ * ^Ikm`hihmjtm am Hjvmrshùj_ EOWKH ? 07% * 9.5417 ? 796% Mstm hjvmjtdrhk drrkbd uj 796%, lk iudl quhmrm amihr qum sm mstdrä kgtmjhmjak $7.96 OJ pkr idad $4 OJ hjvmrthak mj ml hjvmjtdrhk djudlomjtm mj mstd idtmekrïd.
ÏJAHIM AM PMLKIHADA AML PMLKIHADA AML ODWEMJ ( O P H ) Mstd `heurd sm mxtmjamrä d pdrthr am imrk cdstd ld l d `heurd odjtmjhad `hjdl aml odremj am uthlhada iudjak sm cdj vmjahak tkads lds omridjiïds. Vumam smr pmjsdak qum ml odremj rmdl mj vmjtds cdstd ld `micd idlh`hiù pkr ld `krod mj ld iudl sm m mstä stä dlidjzdjak msm odremj. Ms amihr sh ml hjvmjtdrhk odjthmjm aks drtïiulks, ujk am lks iudlms thmjm uj odremj am uthlhada odjtmjhak aml =6%, y ml smeujak thmjm uj odremj am uthlhada odjtmjhak aml 7=%, y ml prhomrk mstä vmjahmjak mj ld ohtda aml ïjahim (smllk``) aml smeujak, dogks mstäj ikjtrhguymjak dl odremj mj ld ohsod `krod.
@krouldihùj2
K@@ (YL@) (YL@) ]JHADA YMLL K@@ Ml smllk`` am ld ujhada ms ml pkrimjtdbm am lds ujhadams vmjahads mj rmldihùj d lds ujhadams ahspkjhglms pdrd ld vmjtd. Ld omridjiïd ahspkjhglm sm ikjshamrd ikok tkads lds ujhadams ditudlomjtm mj stkin, oäs lds ujhadams qum `umrkj vmjahads aurdjtm ml pmrïkak.
@krouldihùj2
VWMIHK VWKOMAHK am IKYQK
@krouldihùj2
VWMIHK VWKOMAHK am PMJQD
@krouldihùj2
ONA VKY (Wmgdbds mj Pmjtds)
@krouldihùj2
I]OO %
@krouldihùj2
HHO %
@krouldihùj2
EO % @krouldihùj2
VKO %
@krouldihùj2
WMLDIHÙJ ]JHADAMY
@krouldihùj2
WMLDIHÙJ WMQDHL
@krouldihùj2
WKQDIHÙJ ]JHADAMY
@krouldihùj2
Jktd2 Ml Qktdl Hjvmjtdrhk @hjdl ms heudl dl Hjvmjtdrhk @hjdl aml Vmrïkak Vdsdak dl qum sm suodj lds Pmjtds Qktdlms y lds Wmgdbds Qktdlms am tkaks lks Vmrïkaks Ymlmiihkjdaks. Vkr lk tdjtk, IäliulksYmlmiihkjdaks aml Odremj am mj y ml EOWKH mj ld Gmjm`hihk lïjmd tktdl rm`lmbdräj tkaks lkslks Vmrïkaks su Qktdlhada.
MYQÄJADWMY AM KVMWDIHÙJ AM WV9 WV9 uthlhzd lks mstäjadrms JW@ mj ld dplhidihùj am oètkaks am mvdludihùj y djälhshs mj tkak ml shstmod ikj ld `hjdlhada am odjtmjmr odjtmjmr ujd hjtmerhada kpmrdihkjdl y am rmsultdaks. Qcm `kllkwhje idliuldthkjs dpply tk dll k` tcm Hjvmjtkry Odjdemomjt2 Gmehjjhje Hjvmjtkry + Vuri Vuricd cdsm smss - Pmj mjak akrr Wmt Wmtur urjs js - Jmt Ydlms Iustkomr Wmturjs (omok kjly) - VKY Odrnakwjs Odrnakwjs (Dutckrhz (Dutckrhzma ma dja dja ]jdutckrhz ]jdutckrhzma) ma) - Emjm Emjmrd rdll Odrn Odrnak akwj wjss + Ah Ahstr strhgu hguthk thkjs js dja Qrdjs`m Qrdjs`mrs rs + Vrhim Vrhim Dabust Dabustomj omjts ts + ]jht ]jht Dabu Dabust stom omjt jtss - Dl Dllk lkwd wdji jims ms (iks (ikstt kjly kjly)) + @rmhec @rmhectt dja Auty Auty (iks (ikstt kjly) kjly) Ycrhjndem Wmsmrvm (omok kjly) ? MJAHJ MJAHJE E HJ HJPMJ PMJQKW QKWX X
DGGWMPHDQHKJY
IO] IKY MHI MHW M]D EV@ HO] OAI OAW OO] OWO OPH JYI JYW YL@ ]DI PHW POW PYW
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
I Iu krsrtmkj`t Yoddlmrnsup Mjah Mjahje je Hjv jvm mjtkr jtkryy dt dt iks ikstt Mjah Mjahje je Hjvm Hjvmjt jtkr kryy dt Wmtd Wmtdhlhl Msthod Msthodtma tma ujht ujht dabus dabusto tomjt mjtss (scr (scrhjn hjndem) dem) dt ikst ikst Erkss prk`ht Hjhthdl odrnup Jmt Jmt Odr Odrna nakw kwjs js dt dt iks ikstt (VK (VKY Y dja dja Emjm Emjmrd rdl) l) Jmt Odrn Odrnakw akwjs js dt Wmtdhl Wmtdhl (Dut (Dutc. c. & ]jdu ]jdutck tckrhz rhzma. ma. VKY VKY dja dja Emjmrd Emjmrdl) l) Odh dhj jtdhjma odrnup Odxh Odxhou ouo o rmik rmikvm vmrd rdgl glm m odrn odrnup up Odr dreh ehj j vmlk vmlkih ihtty hjam hjamxx Jmt Jmt Y Ydl dlms ms dt ikst ikst (Ydl (Ydlms ms - Wmt Wmtur urjs js FIkst FIkst)) Jmt Jmt Ydlm Ydlmss dt Wmt Wmtdhl dhl (Ydl (Ydlms ms - Wmt Wmtur urjs js FWm FWmtd tdhlhl)) Ymllk`` Di Ditu tudl dl ujht ujht dab dabus usto tomj mjts ts (sc (scrh rhjn jnde dem) m) dt dt ikst ikst PDQ/ PDQ/E EYQ kj Hjvm Hjvmjt jtkr kryy dt dt W Wmt mtdh dhll PDQ/ PDQ/E EYQ kj Odrn Odrnak akwj wjss dt dt W Wmt mtdh dhll PDQ/ PDQ/E EYQ kj Ydl Ydlms dt Wmt Wmtdh dhll
IKYQ K@ YDLMY2 H` mxiluam scrhjndem `rko ikst k` Ydlms2 IKY ? JYI + OAI
H` hjiluam ditudl scrhjndem hj ikst k` k ` Ydlms2 IKY ? JYI + OAI - ]DI
H` guaemt scrhjndem hj ikst k` Ydlms2 IKY ? JYI + OAI + M]D
EWKYY VWK@HQ2
H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 EV@ ? JYW - PYW IKY
H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ `rko tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 EV@ ? JYW ’ IKY
EOWKH2 EOWKH (Erkss Odrehj Wmturj Kj Hjvmstomjt ) hs tcm Vmrimjtdem k` Ydlms rmvmjum tk hjvmstomjt ikst. Yhoply stdtma, ht djswmrs tcm qumsthkj "»@kr mvmry 4.66 spmjt, ckw ouic cds gmmj rmimhvma gdin `rko Ydlms;". EOWKH hs idliuldtma ushje tcm tktdl Hjvmjtkry hjvmstomjt ikst rdtcmr tcdj dj dvmrdem hjvmstomjt ushje tcm `kllkwhje `krould2
H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj Wmtdhl prhim2 Jmt Ydlms FWmtdhl - PDQ/EYQ kj Ydlms FWmtdhl EOWKH ? Ikst k` Ydlms + Mjahje Hjvmjtkry FIkst
H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ hj Wmtdhl prhim2
EOWKH ?
Jmt Ydlms FWmtdhl Ikst k` Ydlms + Mjahje Hjvmjtkry FIkst
WMQDHL OMQCKA ODWN]VY2 H` idliuldtm odrnups ushje tcm Wmtdhl omtcka2 Dja H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ `rko tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 Kr H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 Dja H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm odrnup idliuldthkj2 HO] ? 4 - ( MHI + IKY / MHW + JYW + OAW ) OO] ? 4 - ( KY K Y / JYW ) IO] ? 4 - ( MHI / MHW ) OWO ? 4 - ( MHI + IKY / MHW + JYW )
IKYQ OMQCKA ODWN]VY2 H` idliuldtm Djaodrnups ushje tcm ikst omtcka2 H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ `rko tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 Kr H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 Dja H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm odrnup idliuldthkj2 HO] ? ( MHW + JYW + OAW / MHI + IKY ) - 4 OO] ? ( JYW / IKY ) - 4 IO] ? ( MHW / MHI ) - 4 OWO ? ( MHW + JYW / MHI + IKY ) - 4
WMQDHL OMQCKA ODWN]VY2 H` idliuldtm odrnups ushje tcm Wmtdhl omtcka2 Dja
H` hjiluamDja PDQ/EYQ hj tcm Wmtdhl prhim2
H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ `rko tcm odrnup idliuldthkj2 HO] ? 4 - ( MHI + IKY / MHW - PHW + JYW - PYW + OAW - POW ) OO] ? 4 - ( IKY / JYW - PYW ) IO] ? 4 - ( MHI / MHW - PHW ) OWO ? 4 - ( MHI + IKY / MHW - PHW + JYW - PYW )
IKYQ OMQCKA ODWN]VY2 H` idliuldtm odrnups ushje tcm ikst omtcka2 Dja H` hjiluam PDQ/EYQ hj tcm Wmtdhl prhim2 Dja H` mxiluam PDQ/EYQ `rko tcm odrnup idliuldthkj2 HO] ? ( MHW - PHW + JYW - PYW + OAW - POW / MHI + IKY ) - 4 OO] ? ( JYW - PYW / IKY ) - 4 IO] ? (MHW - PHW / MHI) - 4 OWO ? ( MHW - PHW + JYW - PYW / MHI + IKY ) - 4
ODWEHJ PMLKIHQX HJAMS2
O PH
?
OO] * YL@
OHYIMLLDJMK]Y2 ? Pmjakr Pmjakr Wmturj Wmturj ]jhts ]jhts / ]jht Vuricdsms Vuricdsms Pmjakr Wmturj Vmrimjt Iustkomr Wmturj Wmturj ]jhts ]jhts / ]jht Ydlms Iustkomr Wmturj Vmrimjt ? Iustkomr Odrnakwj Vmrimjt ? (Dutc. (Dutc. dja ]jdutckrhzm ]jdutckrhzma. a. VKY + OA) / Wmtdhl Ydlms
DGGWMPHDQHKJY Qcm `kllkwhje dggrmvhdthkjs dppmdr kj tcm rmpkrt2
EWY VW@ WQP/VPW
? Erkss Vrk`ht ? Wmt mtu urjs tk vm vmjakr ikopdrma tk tk pu puricdsms
Wmturjs tk vmjakr/Vuricdsms
WMQ/YLY
?
Iustkomr rmturjs ikopdrma tk Ydlms
Iustkomr rmturjs/Ydlms
ONA/YLY
+ +
?
Dutckrhzma Odrnakwjs ikopdrma tk Ydlms
Dutckrhzma VKY Odrnakwjs FWmtdhl ]jdutc ]jdutckrh krhzma zma.. VKY VKY Odrnak Odrnakwjs wjs FWmtd FWmtdhl hl Emj' Emj'll Odrn Odrnak akwj wjss FWmt FWmtdh dhll Jmt Jmt Ydlm Ydlmss
]jdutckrhzma ? ]jdutckrhzma Odrnakwjs ikopdrma tk tcm tktdl k` dll Odrnakwjs ]jdutckrhzma VKY Odrnakwjs hj ]jht Dutckrhzma Odrnakwjs hj VKY ujhts +
]jdutckrhzma VKY Odrnakwjs hj ]jhts HO] IO] OWO OO] OPH
? ? ? ? ?
Hjhthdl Odrnup Iurrmjt Odrnup Odxhouo Wmikvmrdglm Odrnup Odhjtdhj Odrnup Odrehj Pmlkihty Hjamx
EOWKH
?
Erkss Odrehj Wmturj kj Hjvmstomjt
Wmpkrt Idliuldthkjs
DGGWMPHDQHKJY VKY EOW OVW OVI OV]
? Dutckrhzma/]jdutckrhzma Vkhjt k` Ydlm Ydlm Odrnakwjs Emjmrdl Odrnakwjs dt Wmtdhl ? Odjdemomjt pldj dt Wmtdhl `kr `uturm pmrhkas, ditudl chstkry `kr pdst pmrhkas ? ? Odjdemomjt pldj dt ikst `kr `uturm pmrhkas, ditudl chstkry `kr pdst pmrhkas ? Odjdemomjt pldj hj ujhts `kr `uturm pmrhkas, ditudl chstkry `kr pdst pmrhkas
Dvm vmrd rde em Vrhi himm FWmtd mtdhl ? Dvmrdem Vrhim FIkst ? Odrn Od rnak akwj wj % k` Ydlms dlms ?
OVW / OV] OVI / OV] ( VKY VKY + EOW EOW ) / Ydlm Ydlmss FW FWmt mtdh dhll
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