Maqmin 21 11 Confiabilidad de Equipos

 

KCSKHL 33 MDLBHCEHJHICI IF FSVH_D]

 

MDLBHCEHJHICI1 Ifblhmhýl Mcjhici if mdlbcejf (quf sf pufif mdlbcr, fspfrcr mdl brkfzc y sf`urhici), prdecehjhici if eufl ulmhdlckhfltd ulmhdlckhflt d if jc kcquhlcrhc y if kcltflhehjhici. kcltflhehjhici. Fs jc prdecehjhici if quf ul fquhpd d shstfkc dpfrf shl cjjc pdr ul iftfrkhlcid pfrhdid if fkpd, ecad ulcs mdlihmhdlfs if dpfrcmhýl prf-fstcejfmhids _crc dtrds, fs fj mdlaultd if tfdrëcs y kètdids kctfkãmds, prãmmcs dpfrcvcs y prdmfihkhfltds dpfrcmhdlcjfs dr`clhzcmhdlcjfs dr`clhzcmhdlcjfs quf cpjhmclid jcs jfyfs if dmurrflmhc if cjjcs, pfrkhtfl sdjumhdlcr jds prdejfkcs if prfvhshýl, dpkhzcmhýl,. Iurcmhýl prdkfihd if vhic, pdrmfltcaf if fkpd if eufl ulmhdlckhfltd

• Mdlbclzc1 Fspfrclzc brkf quf sf flf fl ulc pfrsdlc d mdsc. • Kcltflhehjhici1 If kcltflfr, mdlsfrvcr ulc mdsc fl su fstcid. Fs fj mdlmfptd quf mcrcmtfrhzc jc cmhjhici ifj ifscrrdjjd if ulc hltfrvflmhýl, kcltflmhýl d rfpcrcmhýl, kfihic sderf jc ecsf if jds fkpds if iftflmhýl ifj fquhpd.

 

  Mcrcmtfrësmcs • Fs jc ‚mdlbclzc‛ quf sf flf if quf ul mdkpdlfltf, fquhpd d shstfkc ifsfkpfóf su ulmhýl eãshmc iurcltf ul pfrëdid if fkpd prf fstcejfmhid, ecad mdlihmhdlfs fstãlicrfs if dpfrcmhýl.

Fs lfmfscrhd tflfr fl mufltc quf fj fkpd fl quf ul fquhpd ld fstã dpfrcvd, fs jc sukc if vcrhcs mcuscs1

• Yhfkpd pcrc iftfmtcr jc cjjc • Yhfkpd mdlsukhid fl ihc`ldsmcr fj prdejfkc • Yhfkpd mdlsukhid fl hltfrvflhr fj fquhpd (prfpcrcmhýl, jdmcjhzcmhýl if jc cjjc, ifskdltcaf, detflmhýl if phfzcs y nfrrckhfltcs, rfpcrcmhýl if jc khskc, caustf y mcjhercmhýl, kdltcaf). • Yhfkpd mdlsukhid fl mdltrdjcr jc mcjhici if jc hltfrvflmhýl. Yckehèl fs lf lfmfscrhd mfscrhd tflfr prfsfltf quf fxhstfl cmtdrfs quf cfmtcl jc iurcmhýl tdtcj ifj kcltflhkhfltd k cltflhkhfltd d jc rfpcrcmhýl1 • Bcmtdrfs csdmhcids cj ihsfód (mdkpjfahici ifj fquhpd, pfsd, ihkflshdlfs, cmmfshehjhici, nfrrckhfltcs lfmfscrhcs, cmhjhici ifj ifskdltcaf y kdltcaf, ftm.).

 

MDLBHCEHJHCICI1 ]f ifbhlf mdkd jc prdecehjhici quf ul shstfkc d mdkpdlfltf pufic bulmhdlcr mdrrfmtckfltf bufrc if bcjjc pdr ul thfkpd fspfmhbhmd.

MDLBHCLQC1 Fspfrclzc bhrkf quf sf thflf fl ulc pfrsdlc d mdsc. MDLBHCU1 Fspfrcr mdl bhrkfzc y sf`urhici. Icr fspfrclzc c uld if quf mdlsf`uhrã jd quf ifsfc.

 

Hlihmcidrfs if jc Mdlbhcehjhici

Hlihmcidr1 Suf hlihmc (ic c fltflifr cj`d mdl hlihmhds) d shrvf pcrc hlihmcr Mdlbhcehjhici1

Hlihmf if prdiumvhici tdtcj if jds fquhpds (Y) _rdiummhýl1 ]ukc if prdiumtds ifj sufjd d if jc hliustrhc _rdiumvhici1 Mcpcmhici d `rcid if prdiummhýl pdr ulhici if trcecad Fs fj ëlihmf if prdiumvhici rfcj y ffmvc. ]f mdkpdlf if jds sh`uhfltfs cmtdrfs1 • Cprdvfmnckhfltd ifj fquhpd (C)1 Kfihic if ujhzcmhýl ifj fquhpd, rfprfsfltc fj pdrmfltcaf if fkpd quf rfcjkfltf sf ujhzc. • Cprdvfmnckhfltd `jdecj ifj fquhpd (@)1 Ufprfsfltc fj fstcid if ulmhdlckhfltd `flfrcj ifj fquhpd.   Y ; C * @7 %   C ; ((Ó ” I) * 3??)/Ó Ó ; Yhfkpd mcjflicrhd. Fs fj fkpd tdtcj quf fj fquhpd pufif trcecacr7 ndrcs I ; Yhfkpd tdtcj if pcrcics prd`rckcics  

 

Ihspdlhehjhici Ihspdlhehjh ici tèmlhmc (]) Fs jc kfihic if jc mcpcmhici if usd ifj fquhpd iurcltf fj fkpd prd`rckcid. Ufprfsfltcc fj fkpd quf sf ihspdlf if fstf fquhpd pcrc quf ulmhdlf shl Ufprfsflt iftflfrsf iurcltf fj fkpd fspfrcid.   ] ; ((Yd ” YY)/Y YY) /Yd) d)   YY ; R + i + F Yd; Yhfkpd if dpfrcmhýl7 ndrcs YY ; Yhfkpd tdtcj if pcrcics ld prp`rckcics R ; Cvfrëcs y cjjcs fl jds fquhpds i ; Caustfs c jds prd`rckcs if prdiummhýl F ; Bcjjds fl dpfrcmhýl if jds fquhpds

 

 Lhvfj if rflihkhfltd rflihkhfltd ifj fqu fquhpd hpd ( U ) Uflihkhfltd1 Uèihtd, rfltc, uthjhici quf ic ulc mdsc

_frkhtf fvcjucr fj ulmhdlckhfltd ifj fquhpd mdl ecsf fl jds pcrãkftrds if ihsfód. Fl dmcshdlfs sf flf ulc ihspdlhehjhici tèmlhmc fjfvcic mdl fbmhflmhc kuy ecac (fak., cjjcs if ãerhmc quf ld pfrkhtfl cjmclzcr jds fstãlicrfs ldrkcjfs if jcs jëlfcs if fquhpds. U ; Lhvfj kfihd if prdiummhýl rfcj/lhvfj tfýrhmd if prdiummhýl Ufprfsfltc fj lhvfj if ffmvhici ifj prdmfsd csukhflid quf fj fquhpd ld flf pcrcics prd`rckcics if lhl`ñl pd. ]f rfcjhzc mdlshifrclid1 • _èrihics if prdiummhýl ldrkcj (__L) • _èrihics if prdiummhýl cldrkcj (__C)

• Ydtcj if pèrihics if rflihkhfltd y vfjdmhici (YUR)

 

Fbfmthvhici lftc if jds fquhpds (L) Fbfmthvhici1 Mcjhici if fbfmthvd ( rfcj, vfricifrd)

Lftc1 Suf rfsujtc jëquhid fl fj pfsd if ulc mdsc, ifiumhic jc tcrc. Kufstrc mjcrckfltf jc vfricifrc ffmvhici y mcjhici ifj fquhpd khfltrcs fstã fstã fl ulmhdlckhfltd. Khif jc mcjhici tèmlhmc ifj fquhpd yc

quf ld mdlshifrc jcs pcrcics prd`rckcics y jds fkpds if prfpcrcmhýl, mckehds if nfrrckhfltcs y caustfs. L;B*U B ; Ufjcmhýl if ulmhdlckhfltd U ; Lhvfj kfihd if prdiummhýl rfcj/lhvfj tfýrhmd if prdiummhýl

 

Hkpdrtclmhc if jc mdlbhcehjhici mdlbhcehjhici Fstc hkpdrtclmhc vhflf icic pdr1 •  ]h sf mdldmf fj mdkpdrtckhfltd if mcic mdkpdlfltf, sf pufif ifiumhr fj mdkpdrtckhfltd ifj shstfkc

• Fs pdshejf afrcrquhzcr sderf jc ecsf if mdkpdlfltfs mrëmds • Fvcjucr fj ffmtd ifj kcltflhkhfltd d rfpcrcmhýl if ul mdkpdlfltf sderf fj shstfkc

• Clcjhzcr y ihspdlfr jcs cmmhdlfs mdrrfmvcs kãs fbmcmfs • _rdyfmtcr jds shstfkcs mdl mcrcmtfrësmcs ýpkcs kfihcltf jc iupjhmcmhýl if cj`ulcs ulmhdlfs

 

Clãjhshs if bcjjcs Bcjjc1 ]dl ulc mdlihmhýl ld ifsfcic quf ncmf quf fj fjfkfltd fstrumturcj ld ifsfkpfóf jc bulmhýl pcrc jc mucj fxhstf7 fs ifmhr, fs tdid jd quf ifthflf jc dpfrcmhýl if ulc kãquhlc.

• Jcs cvfrëcs y pcrcics kdvcics pdr jds mdkpdlfltfs mrëmds sdl fl pcrtf, ihmhjfs if fvhtcr fbmcmfs. cñl fl fkprfscs mdl kcltflhkhfltd prfvflvd ” prfihmvd

• _crc ulc kfadr cmmhýl sf lfmfshtc ul fquhpd if prdfshdlcjfs if kcltflhkhfltd ” rfpcrcmhýl kfmãlhmd ” fjèmtrhmd y ul eufl fquhpd flmcr`cid if jc mdlbcehjhici y kfadrc if kãquhlcs f hlstcjcmhdlfs prdiumvcs

 

Ihspdlhehjhici (I)

Ihspdlhehjhici1  Mcjhici if ihspdlhejf ( quf fstã fl cpthtui if uscrsf d uthjhzcrsf

Ifbhlhmhýl1  Ufbfrhic mdkd jc mdlbhclzc if quf ul mdkpdlfltf d shstfkc quf tuvd Ifbhlhmhýl1 Ufbfrhic kcltflhkhfltd, fafrzc su bulmhýl scthsbcmtdrhckfltf pcrc ul thfkpd icid. I ; YKFB/(YKFB + YK_U) Idlif1 YKFB ; ]ukctdrhc if thfkpds ihspdlhejfs pcrc rfpcrcmhýl YK_U ; ]ukctdrhc if thfkpds fl kcltflhkhfltd Ihspdlhehjhici tdtcj1 tdtcj1 Fs fj hlihmcidr quf rfjcmhdlc jcs ndrcs tdtcjfs if rfpcrcmhýl y if kcltflhkhfltd. Ifspuès if detflfr jc ihspdlhehjhici if mcic uld if jds fquhpds, ifef mcjmujcrsf jc kfihc crhtkèthmc pcrc detflfr jc ihspdlhehjhici if jc bjdtc if fquhpds.   ; ]ukctdrhc if ihspdlhehjhici if fquhpds/Lñkfrd if fquhpds. Ihspdlhehjhici pdr cvfrëcs1 Ufbfrhid cvfrëcs1 Ufbfrhid c hltfrvflmhdlfs ld prd`rckcics. Ld thflf fl mufltc jcs pcrcics prd`rckcs if jds fquhpds.   ; (Ndrcs tdtcjfs - ndrcs pcrcics pdr cvfrëcs)/Ndrcs tdtcjfs

 

IH]_DLHEHJHICI1 Mdlbclzc if quf ul mdkpdlfltf d shstfkc quf surhý kcltflhkhfltd, fafrzc su ulmhýl scscmtdrhckfltf pcrc ul fkpd icid. I

Ihspdlhehjhici tdtcj1 Itdt

 

Ihspdlhehjhici pdr Cvfrëcs Cvfrëcs1 Icód quf pcifmfl jcs kfrmcifrëcs d `èlfrds

 

Nfrrckhfltcs mjcvfs Jcs nfrrckhfltcs quf sf uscl fltrf dtrcs, sdl1

CKBF (Clãjhshs (Clãjhshs kdicj if ff ffmtd mtdss y cjjds) cjjds)1 Fs ulc nfrrckhfltc quf pfrkhtf hiflbmcr jds ffmtds d mdlsfmuflmhcs if jds kdids if cjjds if mcic fquhpd.

Deafvds ifj CKBF 3. Ufmdldmfr y fvcj fvcjucr ucr jds kdids if cjjds pdtflmhcjfs y jcs mmcuscs cuscs cs csdmhcics dmhcics mmdl dl fj ihs ihsfód fód y kclucmturc ifj fquhpd. 5. Iftfrkhlc Iftfrkhlcrr jds ffmtds if jcs cjjcs pdtflmhcjfs fl fj ifsfkpfód ifj shs shstfkc tfkc =. Clcj Clcjhzc hzcrr jc mdl mdlbceh bcehjhic jhici i if ifjj shst shstfkc fkc 9. Idm Idmukf ukflt ltcr cr fj pr prdmf dmfsd. sd.

 

JHLFCKHFLYD] @FLFUCJF] IFJ CKBF Jc cpjhmcmhýl if CKBF (Clãjhshs kdicj if ffmtds y cjjds) sf mdkpdlf if > csfs c scefr1 3. Ldker Ldkerf f ifj prdm prdmfsd fsd y su ulm ulmhdlcj hdlcjhici hici 5. Jhst Jhstcr cr jds kdid kdidss pdtf pdtflmhcjf lmhcjfss if cjjd cjjd =. Ift Iftfrkhlc frkhlcrr jds f ffmtd fmtdss pdtflm pdtflmhcjfs hcjfs if jjcs cs cjj cjjcs cs 9. Ifsmr Ifsmrhehr hehr jjcs cs mc mcuscs uscs i ifj fj kd kdid id if cjj cjjd d 6. Jhst Jhstcr cr jds mdlt mdltrdj rdjfs fs cmtucj cmtucjfs fs 2. Ift Iftfrkhlc frkhlcrr jds ëlihmf ëlihmfss if fvcjuc fvcjucmhýl mhýl pcr pcrcc mcic kdid if cj cjjc jc 0. Mcjmuj Mcjmujcr cr fj l lukfr ukfrd d if prh prhdrhic drhici i ifj rh rhfs`d fs`d ((L_U) L_U) >. Cmmhdl Cmmhdlfs fs c hhkpj kpjfk fkflt fltcr cr 8. Uf fvc fvcjucmhý jucmhýl l ifj rhfs`d (L_U) 3?.Cmtucjhzcmhýl if jc kctrhz CKBF

 

Ufqufrhkhfltds ifj CKBF _crc rfcjhzcr ul CKBF (Clãjhshs kdicj if ffmtds y cjjds) sf rfquhfrf1 3. Vl fquhpd fquhpd nukcld nukcld mdl fj fj mdkprdk mdkprdkhsd hsd if kfadr kfadrcr cr jc mcpcmhi mcpcmhici ci if ihsfód ihsfód pcrc pcrc scscmfr jcs lfmfshicifs ifj mjhfltf. 5. Mdltcr Mdltcr mdl ihc`r ihc`rckcs ckcs fsqufkã fsqufkãmds mds y if ejdquf ejdquf ifj ifj shstfkc shstfkc,, ifsif ifsif su flsckejfs ncstc fj shstfkc mdkpjftd. =. Mdltcr Mdltcr mdl fspfmh fspfmhbmcm bmcmhdlfs hdlfs ulmhdl ulmhdlcjfs cjfs if if kýiujds, kýiujds, sue sue kýiujds, kýiujds, fltrf fltrf dtrds. 9. Mdldmfr Mdldmfr jds rfqufr rfqufrhkhfl hkhfltds tds if kclucmt kclucmturc urc y iftcjjfs iftcjjfs if jds prdmfsds prdmfsds quf sf vc c ujhzcr 6. Mdltcr Mdltcr mdl drkc drkctds tds ifj CKBF CKBF (fl (fl pcpfj d fjfmtr fjfmtrýlhmd ýlhmds) s) y ulc jhstc jhstc if mdlshifrcmhdlfs fspfmhcjfs quf sf cpjhqufl cj prdiumtd

 

Eflfbhmhds ifj CKBF (Clãjhshs kdicj if fbfmtds y bcjjds) Eflfbhmhd1 Vthjhici, prdvfmnd, kfadrc Jc fjhkhlcmhýl if jds kdids kdids if bcjjds pdtflmhcjfs thflf eflfbhmhds c mdrtd y jcr`d jcr`d pjczd y dtrds, mdkd sdl1  Ufprfsfltc cndrrds if jds mdstds if rfpcrcmhdlfs, jcs prufecs rfpfththvcs y jds C mdrtd if pjczd1 thfkpds pcrcic

C jcr`d pjczd1 Fj eflfbhmhd fs kumnd kãs ihbëmhj cj rfjcmhdlcr r fjcmhdlcr jc scthsbcmmhýl ifj mjhfltf mdl fj prdiumtd y jc mcjhici ifj sfrvhmhd. Dtrds eflfbhmhds1  • Kcydr sf`urhici y prdiummhýl ifehid cj kfadrckhfltd ifj kcltflhkhfltd if jds ihspdshthvds if sf`urhici fxhstfltfs • Jc ihspdshmhýl if lufvds ihspdshthvds if sf`urhici • Jc rfvhshýl if jcs mdlsfmuflmhcs if mcic bcjjc cltfs if mdlshifrcr jc mufsthýl dpfrcmhdlcj - Mjcrcs fstrctf`hcs pcrc prfvflhr jds kdids if bcjjc quf pufifl cbfmtcr c jc sf`urhici y pcrc jds mcsds if ‚c bcjtc if‛

 

Eflfbhmhds ifj CKBF (Clãjhshs kdicj if (Mdlthlucmhýl) fbfmtds y bcjjds) • Kfadrfs rflihkhfltds dpfrcvds pdr1

3. Vl kc kcydr ydr èlcs èlcshs hs fl jds rrfquhs fquhshtds htds i ifj fj kcl kcltfl tflhkhfl hkhfltd td 5. Vl ihc`lýs ihc`lýsmd md kãs rrãphid ãphid if jcs cjjcs kfihclt kfihcltf f jc rf rffrfl frflmhc mhc c jds k kdids dids if cjjc =. Hlt Hltfrvc frvcjds jds kãs jcr jcr`d `d fl fltrf trf jcs rrfvhshd fvhshdlfs lfs y fl cj`u cj`ulds lds mcs mcsds ds jc fjhkh fjhkhlcmhý lcmhýl l if fjjcs 9. Fjhkh Fjhkhlcmhý lcmhýl l if if mdkpd mdkpdlfl lfltfs tfs pdmd pdmdss bc bcejfs ejfs 6. Mdl Mdldmh dmhkhf khflt ltd d shst shstfkã fkãm md d ifj fqu fquhpd hpd 2. Kcy Kcydr dr mmdlt dltrdj rdj i if f mdstd mdstdss if k kclt cltflhk flhkhflt hfltd d 0. _cu _cutcs tcs kãs mjcrcs mjcrcs pcrc jc ciq ciquhshmh uhshmhýl ýl if lufv lufvcc tfmld tfmldjd`ëc jd`ëc if kcl kcltfl tflhkhfl hkhfltd td >. Kãs jcr` jcr`cc vhic ñj if jds fq fquhpds uhpds ifehid cj usd if tèmlhmcs k kfadrcics fadrcics if kclt kcltflhkhfltd flhkhfltd 8. Dtrds

 

C_JHMCMHÝL IFJ CKBF ((Clãjhsh Clãjhshss kdicj if fbfmtds y bcjjds) Jc kftdidjd`ëc quf lds pfrkhrã hiflbmcr jcs lfmfshicifs rfcjfs ifj kcltflhkhfltd if jds fquhpds ]mcjfr1 3. Muã Muãjj f fss jc ul ulmhý mhýl li ifj fj fqu fquhpd hpd 5. If qu què è kcl kclfrc frc d mh mhrmu rmulst lstclmh clmhcs cs puf pufifl ifl cjjc cjjcrr =. Iý Iýli lif f fk fkph phfz fzcc jc cj cjjc jc 9. Suè hkp hkpdrt drtcl clmhc mhc sh c cjjjjcc 6. ]f p pufi ufifl fl p prf rfvfl vflhr hr jjcs cs cjj cjjcs cs 2. Su Suè è dm dmur urrf rf mmuc ucli lid d c cjjjjcc 0. Suè dmur dmurrf rf shld pdifk pdifkds ds pr prfvfl fvflhr hr jjcc cjjc cjjc

 

Kcltflhkhfltd Mdlaultd if cmmhdlfs drhfltcics c mdlsfrvcr d rfstcejfmfr l shstfkctfy/d quhpd c su fstcid ldrkcj dpfrcmhýl pcrc mukpjhr ul sfrvhmhd iftfrkhlcid fl mdlihmhdlfs fmdlýkhmckfltf fmdlýkhmckfl bcvdrcejfs y if cmufrid c jcsifldrkcs if sf`urhici hltf`rcj KCLYFLFU1 Fs csf`urcr quf tdid fjfkfltd bëshmd if ul fquhpd d hlstcjcmhýl ifsfkpfóf jcs bulmhdlfs KCLYFLFU1 Fs ifsfcics fl bdrkc mdlthluc. Fj kcltflhkhfltd pdr jd tcltd, sf prdpdlf prfsfrvcr fj fstcid drh`hlcj if ihsfód d fstcid ldrkcj if dpfrcmhýl Kcltflhehjhici1 If kcltflfr, mdlsfrvcr ulc mdsc fl su fstcid. Fs fj mdlmfptd quf mcrcmtfrhzc jc bcmhjhici ifj Kcltflhehjhici1 If ifscrrdjjd if ulc hltfrvflmhýl, kcltflmhýl d rfpcrcmhýl, kfihic sderf jc ecsf if jds thfkpds if iftflmhýl ifj fquhpd. MDLBHCEHJHCICI1 ]f ifbhlf mdkd jc prdecehjhici quf ul shstfkc d mdkpdlfltf pufic bulmhdlcr MDLBHCEHJHCICI1 ]f mdrrfmtckfltf bufrc if bcjjc pdr ul thfkpd fspfmhbhmd. MDLBHCLQC1 Fspfrclzc MDLBHCLQC1  Fspfrclzc bhrkf quf sf thflf fl ulc pfrsdlc d mdsc. MDLBHCU1 Fspfrcr MDLBHCU1  Fspfrcr mdl bhrkfzc y sf`urhici. Icr fspfrclzc c uld if quf mdlsf`uhrã jd quf ifsfc.

 

Kcltflhkhfltd mfltrcid fl jc mdlbhcehjhici (KMM) d Kcltflhkhfltd Ufjhcehjhty Mfltfrfi Kchltflclmf Kchltflclmf (UMK) Ifbhlhmhýl ]f`ñl MÃUIFLC] Jfdlcrid, fs ul prdmfsd uscid pcrc iftfrkhlcr jds rfqufrhkhfltds ifj kcltflhkhfltd if mucjquhfr cmthvd bëshmd fl su mdltfxtd dpfrcthvd. Fs fj mdlaultd if cmmhdlfs ifihmcics c jc mdlsfrvcmhýl if ul ihspdshthvd d fquhpd fl prdiummhýl, pcrc csf`urcr quf èstf sf flmufltrf fl mdlstcltf bulmhdlckhfltd pdr fj kcydr thfkpd pdshejf pcrc mukpjhr ul sfrvhmhd iftfrkhlcid. Fj deafthvd bulickfltcj fs pfrkhthr quf jds cmthvds bulmhdlfl if kclfrc fbhmhfltf y mdlbhcejf ifltrd if jc dpfrcmhýl, fs ifmhr, mfltrcid fl jc mdlbhcehjhici dpfrcmhdlcj. X fstc kftc pufif sfr cjmclzci mdl jc kftdidjd`ëc if KMM d UMK Dtrd deafthvd, fs mdlsfrvcr tdids jds ehflfs fl jc kfadrfs mdlihmhdlfs if bulmhdlckhfltd mdl kuy eufl lhvfj if mdlbhcehjhici, mcjhici y cj kfldr mdstd pdshejf. ]updlf rfspdlifr jcs 0 sh`uhfltfs prf`ultcs1 3. ´Muãjfs sdl sdl jcs bulmhdlfs y jds fstãlicrfs fstãlicrfs if ifsfkpfód ifsfkpfód csdmhcids csdmhcids ifj cmthvd fl su mdltfxtd mdltfxtd dpfrcthvd prfsfltf4 prfsfltf4 5. ´Fl què què bdrkcs sf bcjjc pcrc ld mukpjhr jcs jcs bulmhdlfs:„ bulmhdlfs:„ =. ´Suè fs jd quf mcusc mcusc mcic bcjjc bcjjc bulmhdlcj4 bulmhdlcj4 9. ´Suè dmurrf muclid sf prfsfltc prfsfltc mcic bcjjc4 6. ´Fl què què bdrkc bdrkc hkpdrt hkpdrtc c mcic mcic bcjjc4 bcjjc4 2. ´Suè pufif pufif ncmfrsf ncmfrsf pcrc pcrc prfifmhr prfifmhr d prfvflhr prfvflhr mcic mcic bcjjc4 0. ´Suè ifefrëc ifefrëc ncmfrsf sh ld ld sf flmufltrc flmufltrc ulc tcrfc prdcmthvc prdcmthvc cifmucic cifmucic fl mcsd mcsd if bcjjc4

 

KMM d UMK 1 Ifbhlhmhýl KMM1 Kcltflhkhfltd Mfltrcid Mfltrcid fl jc Mdlbcehjhici d UMK1 Ufjhcehjhty Mfltfrfi Mfltfr fi Kchltflclmf 1 Fs ulc kftdidjd`ë kftdidjd`ëcc ujhzcic pcrc iftfrkhlcr shstfkãmckfltf què ifef ncmfrsf pcrc csf`urcr quf jds cmvds shmds mdllñfl ncmhflid jd rfqufrhid pdr fj usucrhd fl fj mdltfxtd dpfrcmhdlcj prfsfltf.

 

Mcrcmtfrësthmcs ifj KMM •Fs ulc kftdidjd`ëc ujhzcic pcrc iftfrkhlcr shstfkãmckfltf què ifef ncmfrsf pcrc csf`urcr

quf jds cmvds shmds mdllñfl ncmhflid jd rfqufrhid pdr fj usucrhd fl fj mdltfxtd dpfrcmhdlcj. •Ufmdldmf quf fj kcltflhkhfltd csf`urc quf ul cmvd mdllñf mukpjhflid su khshýl if drkc fbmhfltf fl fj mdltfxtd dpfrcmhdlcj •Mdlshifrcr jc mdlbcehjhici hlnfrfltf d prdphc ifj fquhpd/ hlstcjcmhýl •Csf`urcr jc mdlluhici ifj ifsfkpfód if su ulmhýl •Kcltflfr jc mcjhici y mcpcmhici prdiumvc •Yflfr fl mu mufltc fltc jc mdlihmhýl dpfrcmhdlcj idlif y mýkd sf fstã usclid

2 _UF@VLYC] _UF@VLYC] EÃ]HMC] IF KMM - UFJHCEHJHYX MFLYFUFI KCHLYFLCLMF (UMK) 3.If 3.If què kclfrc cjjc fl scscmfr sus ulmhdlfs 5.Muãj 5.Muãj fs jc mcusc if mcic cjjc ulmhdlcj =.Suè =.Suè sumfif muclid dmurrf ulc cjjc 9.If 9.If què kclfrc hkpdrtc ulc cjjc 6.Suè 6.Suè Suè ifef pufifncmfrsf ncmfrsfshld pcrc d prfvflhr mcic cjjc cifmucic 2.Suè 2. sfprfifmhr fl flmufltrc mufltrc ulc tcrfc prdcmvc

 

Kftdidjd`ëc if jcs cpjhmcmhdlfs ifj KMM d UMK

Fs c trcvès if jcs 0 prf`ultcs sh`uhfltfs, quf pfrkhrã hiflbmcr jcs lfmfshicifs rfcjfs ifj kcltflhkhfltd1 3.´Muãj fs jc ulmhýl ifj fquhpd4 5. ´If què kclfrc d mhrmulstclmhc pufifl cjjcr4 =. ´Iýlif fkphfzc jc cjjc4 9. ´Suè dmurrf muclid cjjc4 6. ´Suè hkpdrtclmhc sf ic sh cjjc4 2. ´]f pufifl prfvflhr jcs cjjcs4 0. ´Suè dmurrf sh ld pdifkds prfvflh prfvflhrr jc cjjc4

 

F]SVFKC IF CLÃJH]H] IFJ _UDMF]D KMM (Kcltflhkhfltd Mfltrcid fl jc Mdlbhcehjhici) d UMK (UFJHCEHJHYX MFLYFUFI KCHLYFLCLMF) • _rfpcrcmhýl fstuihd • ]fjfmmhýl ifj shstfkc y jhkhtfs • Clãjhshs ifj shstfkc Fvcjucmhýl if mdlsfmuflmhcs if cjjcs • Fvcjucmhýl • ]fjfmmhýl if tcrfcs • Hkpjfkfltcmhýl

• Cmtucjhzcmhýl

 

Hkpjhmcl sustuhr ul mdkpdlfltf mdkpdlfltf cltfs ifj jëkhtf if vhic ñj fspfmhbmd kãs cjjã if su mdlihmhýl (fstcid) fl fj kdkfltd if hltfrvflmhýl (shstfkcs if cmfhtf juerhmclt juerhmcltf f chrf if hlstrukfltcmhýl hlstrukfltcmhýl y chrf if flrhckhfltd flrhckhflt d if jc turehlc) ]f nhzd fl mdkpdlfltfs sflmhjjds (rdickhfltds if kdtdrfs fjèmtrhmds , kcl`ufrcs if cjtc prfshýl, mdrrfcs if trclskhshýl). Jc sustumhýlddjcrfcmdlihmhdlckhfltd  mëmjhmdcltfs hkpjhmc if fici ul mdkpdlfltf rfpcrcmhýl if ul mdlaultd if fj ultrcecad jhkhtf if (vhic ñj) fspfmëbmd shl hkpdrtcr su mdlihmhýl fl fsf kdkfltd kdkfltd Fj rfcmdlihmhdlckhfltd rfcmdlihmhdlckhfltd mëmjhmd sf cpjhmc kcydrkfltf kcydrkfltf c jds shstfkcs if mdkeusejf (`cs, pftrýjfd), idlif jcs vãjvujcs sdl rfcmdlihmhdlcics kfihcltf jhkphfzc, jhkphfzc, sustumhýl if sfjjds y crclifjcs (D-rhl`)

 

DEAFYHRD] IFJ UMK d KMM 3- Deafvds fstrctè`hmds1 Mdltrheumhýl c jc kfadrc if jc ffmvhici if jds shstfkcs prdiumvds, fxhehjhici y mcpcmhici if rfspufstc, rfiummhýl if mdstds dpfrcvds y mdlsfrvcmhýl ifj mdldmhkhfltd 5. Deafvds

dpfrcvds1 Suf jds fquhpds dpfrfl shl cvfrëcs lh cjjcs, fjhkhlcr tdic mjcsf if pèrihics, kfadrcr jc bcehjhici if jds fquhpds y fkpjfcr vfricifrckfltf jc mcpcmhici hlstcjcic.

C_JHMCMHÝL IFJ KMM FL FJ KCLYFLHKHFLYD IF JD] FSVH_D] ]MCJFU Jc fkprfsc Rdjmcl mufltc mdl 9 ]mcjfr fl jc j c V.F.C, ]cl Mrhstdecj y 5 fl Mcrcnucmrc, muyd kcltflhkhfltd fstã c mcr`d if Ctjcs Mdpmd. Jc clth`úfici frc kcydr if 5 códs, ncehflid detflhid jcs 9 rfpcrcmhdlfs pcrmhcjfs. Jds kcltflhkhfltds quf sf rfcjhzc cmtucjkfltf sdl1 • Kcltflhkhfltd prfvflthvd y mdrrfmthvd ifj shstfkc kdtdrhzcid. • Kcltflhkhfltd mdrrfmthvd ifj shstfkc pfrmushýl • Kcltflhkhfltd mdrrfmthvd ifj shstfkc fjèmtrhmd • Kcltflhkhfltd mdrrfmthvd ifj shstfkc nhirãujhmd

 

Ausbmcmhýl ifj UMK d KMM fl jc fafmumhýl if tcrfcs if sustumhýl y rfcmdlihmhdlckhfltd mëmjhmd Jc ausbmcmhýl fmdlýkhmc sf ecsc fl quf ulc u lc vfz quf jc ulhici u lhici sf ifflf, fj fkpd pcrc rfpcrcr jc cjjc hlmjuyf fj ifskdltcaf y kdltcaf pdstfrhdr pdstfrhdr,, fspcmhd, hjukhlcmhýl, ruhid, tfkpfrcturc, ftm.

Ihsfód if ul KMM d UMK Fkprfsc Mdclsc ifj _frñ, hl`flhfrds ]CM (MCACKCUMC). Uuerd Uu erd khlfrëc y mdlstrummhýl. Bjdtc if fxmcvcidrcs fxmc vcidrcs nhirãujhmcs ==2 IJ, pcrc rfiumhr mdstds if rfpcrcmhýl ]f rfcjhzý ul ihc`lýsmd ifj ãrfc if kcltflhkhfltd pcrc mdldmfr jds cmtdrfs quf `flfrcl ifkdrcs y mdstds if rfpcrcmhýl. ]f fvcjuý jds hlihmcidrfs if kcltflhkhfltd mdl jc blcjhici if hkpjfkfltcr kfadrcs pcrc rfiumhr mdstds if rfpcrcmhýl y pfrkhtcl quf jc fkprfsc mufltf mdl fquhpds mdlbcejfs. Ihsfód if ul pjcl if kcltflhkhfltd mfltr mfltrcid cid fl jc mdlbcehjhici pcrc quf jc fkprfsc pufic mukpjhr mdl fj pjcl if kcltflhkhfltd fj 3??%, hlmrfkfltclid fj fkpd prdkfihd ufrc if sfrvhmhd, ihskhluhr jc rfmuflmhc if kcltflhkhfltd, rfiumhr fj fkpd prdkfihd ufrc if i f sfrvhmhd, cukfltcr jc ihspdlhehjhici kfmãlhmc, rfiumhr jds mdstds if kcltflhkhfltd, rfiumhr jds mdstds if hlihspdlhehjhici pdr cjjds.

Jc fvcjucmhýl blclmhfrc pdr jc hkpjfkfltcmhýl if fstf pjcl, pfrkhý mdldmfr jc mrfihehjhici ifj prdyfmtd.  

_UF]FLYCMHÝL IF UF]VJY UF]VJYCID] CID] • Hlspfmmhýl iftcjjcic if jds fquhpds ]mcjfr _CV] ]f ncmf ulc hlspfmmhýl iftcjjcic if jds fquhpds mdlshifrclid su fstcid, desfrvcmhdlfs y prfsfltcmhýl if jds rfsujtcids detflhids ifspuès ifj fstuihd if jc hluflmhc KMM. Fstc hlspfmmhýl hlmjuyf1 Ndrýkftrd ihfsfj, kdtdr ihèsfj, flrhc flrhcidr, idr, cmfhtf if kdtdr kdtdr,, if trclskhshýl, crrclmcid crrclmcidrr, mctcjhzcidr mctcjhzcidr,, jëlfc if cikhshýl, tclquf nhirãujhmd, tcejfrd fjèmtrhmd fjèmtrhmd,, ihèsfj, tfmnd ifj dpfrcidr, cshfltd ifj dpfrcidr,, vãjvujc shstfkc pdshmhdlckhfltd dpfrcidr pdshmhdlckhfltd,, vãjvujc if mdltrdj if pfrmushýl, mhjhlird if jfvcltf, mhjhlird if ihrfmmhýl, faf ifjcltfrd y pdstfrhdr pdstfrhdr,, jjcltcs, prufec if rfld if sfrvhmhd, if pcrqufd, prufec ifj shstfkc if ihrfmmhýl, mncshs ifjcltfrd y pdstfrhdr pdstfrhdr,, kcl`ufrcs nhirãujhmcs. ]hkhjcr prdmfihkhfltd sf rfcjhzc pcrc mcic fquhpd ]mcjfr.

 

@fsthýl if Kcltflhkhfltd if jds fquhpds ]mcjfr  Ifsmrhpmhýl hlhmhcj ifj prdmfsd if kcltflhkhfltd Hlspfmmhýl hlhmhcj if jds fquhpds ]mcjfr Mrhmhici if jds fquhpds ]mcjfr Clãjhshs fstciësmd if jds rfsujtcids Ihsmushýl hltfrprftcmhýl Rcjdrcmhýl Rcjdr cmhýlfif js hlihmcidrfsif jds rfsujtcids Mrhtfrhd dpfrcmhdlcj if rfmuflmhc if cjjcs Uf`hstrd if pcrcics Bcjjcs ulmhdlcjfs, Mcuscs

Clãjhshs if cjjcs. Mcuscs prhlmhpcjfs Yhfkpds if cjjcs Cpjhmcmhdlfs ifj CKBF Iftfrkhlcmhýl if kdids if cjjds CKBF if mdrrfmmhýl _rdmfihkhfltd cltf ulc cjjc Credj jý`hmd if ifmhshýl Clãjhshs if cjjcs ifspuès if mdrrfmmhýl