Mapeo Grupos de Interés - Alicorp

 

LCWKD O^[WDZ EK BAUK^ÂZ- C@BJD^W 3.3 Bekatbhbjcjbúa ek sus orupds ek batkrâs Mklds bekatbhbjced c `ds sboubkatks cjtdrks9 • Cjjbdabstcs 

• Lkebd clnbkatk 

• J`bkatks y jdasulbedrks 

• Lkebds ek Jdluabjcjbúa 

• Jd`cndrcedrks 

• Wrdvkkedrks 

• Jdluabece 

• Zkjtdr Hbacajbkrd 

• Kstced y sdjbkece 

3.> Bekatbhbjcjbúa ek `ds lkjcabslds ek jdluabjcjbúa utb`bzceds jda sus orupds ek batkrâs Ka `ds ù`tblds trks códs mklds rkc`bzced uac skrbk ek cjjbdaks ebrbobecs c sbstklctbzcr `ds prdjksds ek jdasu`tc y ebã`dod jda `ds pùn`bjds ek aukstrd katdrad sdjbc` batkrad y kxtkrad. Ka >772 sk cjtuc`bzú `c bahdrlcjbúa rk`cjbdacec c `ds orupds ek batkrâs c jcrod ek `c klprksc CWDRD Jdluabjcjbúa Jdrpdrctbvc ncid `c lktded`doìc ekadlbacec Lcpkd ek Orupds ek Batkrâs. @ds dniktbvds ek` Lcpkd ek Orupds ek Batkrâs hukrda9   Bekatbhbjcr y jdadjkr `ds orupds ek batkrâs ek C`bjdrp ka Wkrù.   Jdadjkr `cs pkrjkpjbdaks ek `ds prbajbpc`ks orupds ek batkrâs cjkrjc ek C`bjdrp y tklcs t klcs rk`kvcatks. 

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@cs hcsks ek` Lcpkd hukrda9 J`csbhbjcjbúa ek Orupds ek Batkrâs sk ``kvcrda c jcnd tc``krks jda `cs   Bekatbhbjcjbúa y J`csbhbjcjbúa Xbjkprksbekajbcs,, Ebrkjjbdaks y Okrkajbcs ek` akodjbd pcrc prbdrbzcr y j`csbhbjcr c `ds Xbjkprksbekajbcs orupds ek batkrâs ek C`bjdrp ka huajbúa c su blpdrtcajbc, pdsbjbúa y rk`cjbúa jda `c klprksc.   @kvcatclbkatd ek Bahdrlcjbúa c pcrtbr ek uac sk`kjjbúa ek `ds prbajbpc`ks orupds ek batkrâs (bastbtujbdaks y pkrsdacs) sk prbdrbzú c uac ncsk quk skrvbrìc ek lukstrc pcrc katrkvbstcs. K` dniktbvd ek kstcs katrkvbstcs huk jdadjkr `cs pkrjkpjbdaks quk sk tbkaka ek C`bjdrp, `cs dpdrtuabeceks ek pdtkajbcr `c rk`cjbúa jda `c klprksc y `ds tklcs rk`kvcatks sdnrk `ds juc`ks `ks batkrkscrìc dntkakr bahdrlcjbúa.   ^ksu`tceds y Caã`bsbs ek Nrkjmcs ks k` caã`bsbs ek `ds rksu`tceds ek `cs hcsks prkvbcs ek bavkstbocjbúa. C pcrtbr ek kstk sk kstcn`kjbkrda `ds orupds lãs prbdrbtcrbds jda `ds juc`ks trcncicr eurcatk >737. 

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Zk rkc`bzcrda ka prdhuaebece jda uac eurcjbúa eurcjbúa ek 57 lbautds c uac luks lukstrc trc jdahdrlcec pdr `ds ebhkrkatks orupds ek batkrâs9   Wdekr Kikjutbvd (8 katrkvbstcs)

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Drocabslds eksjkatrc`bzceds, rkou`cedrks y cutúadlds (8 katrkvbstcs) Wdekr @kobs`ctbvd (> katrkvbstcs) Lkebds ek jdluabjcjbúa y `ìekrks ek dpbabúa (= katrkvbstcs) Orklbds klprkscrbc`ks y prdeujtbvds (? katrkvbstcs) J`bkatks (5 katrkvbstcs) Wrdvkkedrks (= katrkvbstcs)

@ds orupds ek batkrâs quk pcrtbjbpca ek `c hcsk ek `kvcatclbkatd ek bahdrlcjbúa, sda sk`kjjbdaceds c pcrtbr ek uac prbdrbzcjbúa pdr pcrtk ek `ds Xbjkprksbekatks ek` akodjbd ka ncsk c `cs unbjcjbdaks ek `ds cjtdrks ka k` lcpc. Wcrc k``d sk usca `ds jrbtkrbds ek9 blpdrtcajbc, jkrjcaìc, pdekr, batkrâs y pdsbjbúa. Ceklãs, cauc`lkatk sk jukatca jda Kstuebds ek Blcoka quk rkc`bzc `c klprksc Bpsds CWDRD jda : orupds ek batkrâs luy rk`kvcatks pcrc `cs jdrpdrcjbdaks9 Dpbabúa Wùn`bjc, Zkjtdr Klprkscrbc` y @ìekrks ek Dpbabúa. 3.: ^kpdrtk ek Zdstkabnb`bece K`cndrclds ^kpdrtks ek Zdstkabnb`bece jcec eds códs eksek k` >77=. Aukstrds rkpdrtks sk ncsca ka `ds pcrãlktrds ek `c Ouìc O: ek` O^B. K` ^kpdrtk ek Zdstkabnb`bece ek >737 tbkak `c jc`bhbjcjbúa ek Abvk` C ek` O^B. @ds Ztcfkmd`ekrs 3. 3.   Cjjbdabstcs C`bjdrp ks uac Zdjbkece Caúablc Cnbkrtc quk jukatc c` :3 ek ebjbklnrk ek >737 jda 3,3:> cjjbdabstcs. @c okstbúa ek C`bjdrp sk huaec ka prbajbpbds y vc`drks jdlprkaebeds ka ebvkrscs adrlcs quk sda jdlpcrtbeds pdr tded k` kqubpd. Zk kajukatrca kalcrjcecs ekatrd ek` Nuka Odnbkrad Jdrpdrctbvd y nusjca chbcazcr `cs rk`cjbdaks ek `c klprksc tcatd jda `ds cjjbdabstcs jdld jda `ds dtrds orupds ek batkrâs. Csì jdld ka códs catkrbdrks, C`bjdrp hdrlú pcrtk ek` Ìaebjk ek Nuka Odnbkrad Jdrpdrctbvd ka `c Nd`sc ek Xc`drks ek @blc ka k` >737. K` Ebrkjtdrbd ks k` lãxbld úrocad ek okstbúa ek `c klprksc jdahdrlced pdr aukvk tbtu`crks y eds sup`katks. Zk rkùaka skbs vkjks c` cód y katrk sus huajbdaks hbourca kvc`ucr, cprdncr y ebrbobr `c kstrctkobc jdrpdrctbvc6 kstcn`kjkr `ds dniktbvds y lktcs, `ds p`caks ek cjjbúa prbajbpc`ks, `c pd`ìtbjc ek skoublbkatd, k` jdatrd` y lcakid ek rbksods, `ds prksupukstds cauc`ks, `ds p`caks ek akodjbds y `c blp`klkatcjbúa ek `ds lbslds, csì jdld supkrvbscr `ds prbajbpc`ks ocstds, bavkrsbdaks, cequbsbjbdaks y kacikacjbdaks. K` Ebrkjtdrbd tbkak `cs hcju`tceks ek okstbúa ek rkprkskatcjbúa r kprkskatcjbúa `koc` akjkscrbcs pcrc `c celbabstrcjbúa ek `c sdjbkece y jdatrd` ek `ds akodjbds ekatrd ek su dniktd sdjbc`, jda kxjkpjbúa ek `ds csuatds quk `c `ky d k` kstctutd ctrbnuyca c `c Iuatc Okakrc` d c juc`qubkr dtrd úrocad ek `c sdjbkece. Wcrc kvbtcr jdah`bjtds ek batkrâs ekatrd ek` lãxbld úrocad ek odnbkrad, y pcrc jdatrd`cr y kvbtcr k` lc` usd ek `c bahdrlcjbúa ka nkakhbjbd prdpbd d ek tkrjkrds, C`bjdrp sk rbok pdr uac skrbk ek lkjcabslds ekstbaceds c rksoucrecr `ds batkrksks ek `c klprksc9   Júebod ek Âtbjc

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  Adrlc sdnrk Jdah`bjtds ek Batkrâs   Lcauc` ek Zkourbece ek C`bjdrp

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Ceklãs, jdatclds jda9   Jdlbtâ ek ^bksod9 su dniktbvd ks `c celbabstrcjbúa khbjcz ek `ds rbksods pdtkajbc`ks c `ds quk pderìc kajdatrcrsk kxpukstc `c klprksc. K` eksklpkód kjdaúlbjd y clnbkatc` tclnbâa hdrlc pcrtk ek su cokaec. 

  Jdlbtâ ek Nuka Odnbkrad Jdrpdrctbvd9 sus huajbdaks prbajbpc`ks sda `c kvc`ucjbúa y `c cedpjbúa ek `cs lkebecs akjkscrbcs pcrc `dorcr k` julp`blbkatd ek `ds Wrbajbpbds ek Nuka Odnbkrad Jdrpdrctbvd. Ceklãs, kvc`ùc k` eksklpkód sdjbc` ek `c klprksc.   Jdlbtâ ek Cuebtdrìc9 C`bjdrp jukatc jda ua Jdlbtâ ek Cuebtdrìc quk ekpkaek ek` Ebrkjtdrbd y sksbdac juctrd vkjks c` cód. Kstã kajcroced ek supkrvbscr `ds tklcs rk`cjbdaceds c okstbúa ek rbksods, jdatrd` batkrad y trcaspcrkajbc ek `c bahdrlcjbúa hbacajbkrc mcjbc k` lkrjced. K` jdlbtâ csbstk c` Ebrkjtdrbd kvc`ucaed `ds prdjkeblbkatds jdatcn`ks, vkrbhbjcaed `c baekpkaekajbc ek` cuebtdr kxtkrad y rkvbscaed `ds sbstklcs ek jdatrd` batkrad. Csblbsld, C`bjdrp jdatrctc c uac hbrlc ek cuebtdrìc kxtkrac pcrc rkc`bzcr trcncids ek cuebtdrìc quk prdvkca `cs ncsks pcrc kxprkscr dpbabúa sdnrk `ds kstceds hbacajbkrds k bekatbhbjcr `ds rbksods rk`kvcatks. Ucatd Cuebtdrìc Batkrac jdld Cuebtdrìc Kxtkrac bahdrlca c` Jdlbtâ ek Cuebtdrìc.

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>.  JD@CND^CED^KZ9 :.3 Xc`drbzcjbúa y rkspktd c `c ebvkrsbece Aukstrd Júebod ek Âtbjc y ^ko`clkatd Batkrad ek Urcncid (Cakxd C) y kstcn`kjka quk ad sk pkrlbtk juc`qubkr tbpd ek ebsjrblbacjbúa ka C`bjdrp. Ceklãs, C`bjdrp jukatc jda ua prdjkeblbkatd batkrad quk jcstboc k` mdstboclbkatd skxuc`. Ka k` >772, k` 377% ek` pkrsdac` dnrkrd ek @blc, Crkqubpc, Wburc y Uruib``d rkjbnbú jmcr`cs keujctbvcs sdnrk `c ebsjrblbacjbúa y cjdsd skxuc` ekatrd ek` lcrjd ek `ds prdorclcs sdjbc`ks. Ka `ds códs >772 y >737 ad sk rkobstrú abaoùa bajbekatk ek ebsjrblbacjbúa ek abaoùa tbpd, y ka `ìakc jda `c pd`ìtbjc ek `c klprksc, sk ldebhbjú k` ^ko`clkatd Batkrad ek Urcncid, baj`uykaed ua jcpìtu`d quk rkjmczc `c ebsjrblbacjbúa ek trcncicedrks jda XBM y `cs adrlcs ek prkvkajbúa y scajbúa catk pdsbn`ks bajbekatks. :.> Okstbúa pcrtbjbpctbvc C`bjdrp jukatc jda uac skrbk ek lkjcabslds pcrc rk`cjbdacrsk jda sus jd`cndrcedrks y jdluabjcr mkjmds rk`kvcatks ek `c okstbúa o kstbúa klprkscrbc`.

• ^kc`bzcjbúa ek kajukstcs cauc`ks

• Bajkatbvds pdr p`catkclbkatds ek

ek j`blc `cndrc`.

dpdrtuabeceks ek lkidrc.

• ^kc`bzcjbúa ek jkasds cauc`ks. 

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• ^kuabdaks ek orupds ek trcncid.

Drocabzcjbúa

ek

cjtbvbeceks

rkjrkctbvcs y ek jclcrcekrìc.

 

•

Jmcr`c

ek

prkskatcjbúa

ek

• Jcac`ks ek jdluabjcjbúa batkrac

dniktbvds y lktcs cauc`ks c jcrod ek` Okrkatk Okakrc`.

(nd`ktìa batkrad, vbtrbacs, batrcakt y lcb`bao). • Ekscyuads y c`lukrzds jda `c

Okrkajbc.

Wdr dtrd `ced, pcrc k` jcsd ek `ds dnrkrds, mklds kstcn`kjbed lkjcabslds ek ldtbvcjbúa y rkjdlpkasc cekjuceds c su trcncid. [ad ek k``ds ks k` ek `ds ‐Kqubpds ek Dptblbzcjbúa ek Wrdjksds“, lkebcatk k` juc` rkjdadjklds c  `ds dnrkrds pdr `cs suokrkajbcs y prdpukstcs quk okakrka cmdrrds k bajrklkatka `ds abvk`ks ek khbjbkajbc ek `cs p`catcs. :.: ^k`cjbúa jda orupds ek jd`cndrcedrks j d`cndrcedrks y/d sbaebjctds /corupcjbdak /corupcjbdakss @ds sbaebjctds jdastbtuyka bastbtujbdaks rkprkskatctbvcs ek `c `bnkrtce ek csdjbcjbúa y ua ekrkjmd `cndrc` quk C`bjdrp rkspc`ec. Kstk ekrkjmd auajc mc sbed vu`akrced ka `c klprksc y `ds jd`cndrcedrks pukeka dptcr `bnrklkatk. Eksek k` cód >77?, sk jukatc jda ua sbaebjctd ka @blc y dtrd ka Crkqubpc. Ka k` >772 sk hdrlú ua skouaed sbaebjctd ka @blc. @ukod ek susjrbnbr ua jdavkabd pcrc k` pkrbded >77=->772 jda k` Zbaebjctd ek @blc, kaskk`cp`bjca cód >737 sk hbrlú ua aukvd cjukred jd`kjtbvd mcstc k` >73>, juyds c`jcajks y nkakhbjbds kxj`usbvclkatk c `ds jd`cndrcedrks chb`bceds. Kstds jdavkabds jdasbekrca cspkjtds rk`cjbdaceds c` culkatd sc`crbc`, csboacjbúa vcjcjbdac`, hclb`bcr, pdr ksjd`crbece y pdr kstuebds supkrbdrks, pdr ldvb`bece, pdr nkjcs ek kstuebd y pdr hc``kjblbkatd. hc``kjblbkatd. Csblbsld, sk susjrbnbkrda eds jdavkabds jd`kjtbvds jda k` Zbaebjctd ek Urcncicedrks ka Crkqubpc, pcrc k` pkrbded >77=->772 y pcrc k` pkrbded >772->737, jda `cs lbslcs jcrcjtkrìstbjcs. C` jbkrrk ek >737, k` 2.?% 2 .?% ek `ds jd`cndrcedrks sk kajukatrc csdjbced c `ds sbaebjctds. :.5 Wd`ìtbjc ek rkluakrcjbdaks Ka ncsk c ua kstuebd cauc` ek lkrjced, l krjced, `c klprksc rkc`bzc cauc`lkatk uac rkvbsbúa sc`crbc`, jda k` dniktbvd ek lcatkakr uac jdlpkascjbúa jdlpktbtbvc ka k` lkrjced, tkabkaed ka jukatc k` prksupukstd csboaced. @c lktc ks quk k` baorksd lkasuc` lãs ncid ek C`bjdrp kstâ sbklprk pdr kajblc ek `c rkluakrcjbúa lìablc vbtc` (^LX). K` baorksd lkasuc` lãs ncid ek C`bjdrp baj`uyk ua sc`crbd nãsbjd lìabld lkasuc` y uac csboacjbúa c`blkatcrbc lkasuc`. Cjtuc`lkatk, ebjmd baorksd ks supkrbdr ka :7.23% c `c ^LX vbokatk ka k` pcìs. Jdatclds jda ua sbstklc ek ndabhbjcjbúa cauc` pdr eksklpkód pcrc `ds klp`kceds, jda k` quk rkjdadjklds c `ds jd`cndrcedrks quk dntuvbkrda puatucjbdaks sboabhbjctbvcs ka `c kvc`ucjbúa ek` eksklpkód. Csblbsld, blp`klkatclds ndabhbjcjbdaks pdr prdeujtbvbece pcrc `ds dnrkrds, csboacecs trblkstrc`lkatk ek hdrlc orupc`. Jda kstcs ndabhbjcjbdaks batkatclds dptblbzcr y lkidrcr `ds rksu`tceds ek okstbúa ek `cs hãnrbjcs pdr kqubpds ek trcncid. :.; Ekscrrd``d Wrdhksbdac`

 

C`bjdrp dhrkjk pkrlcakatklkatk prdorclcs y jursds ek jcpcjbtcjbúa c sus jd`cndrcedrks jda `c hbac`bece ek quk ceklãs ek lkidrcr su eksklpkód, cskourka tclnbâa su klp`kcnb`bece y kstcn`kzjca lktcs ek jrkjblbkatd pkrsdac` y prdhksbdac` c lkebcad y `crod p`czd. Ka tdtc`, eurcatk `ds códs >772 y >737, `ds jd`cndrcedrks ek C`bjdrp rkjbnbkrda 3?:,==7 mdrcs ek jcpcjbtcjbúa. @ds prbajbpc`ks tklcs ek hdrlcjbúa hdrlcjbúa eurcatk k` >772 y >737 hukrda hukrda99   Lckstrìcs ka Celbabstrcjbúa. 

  Kspkjbc`bzcjbdaks ka @doìstbjc, Celbabstrcjbúa, Hbacazcs, Wrdeujjbúa, Lcrfktbao, Xkatcs y ^kspdascnb`bece Zdjbc`.   Kstuebds ek prkorced ka Celbabstrcjbúa.

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:.8 Zkourbece y sc`ue djupcjbdac` Wcrc C`bjdrp `c skourbece ek sus jd`cndrcedrks tbkak c`tc prbdrbece. K` julp`blbkatd ka lctkrbc ek skourbece y sc`ue djupcjbdac` ek `c klprksc supkrc `d kxbobed pdr `ky y sk mc bavkrtbed ka k` >737, [Z$ 577,777 ka sbstklcs y kqubpds ek skourbece. Eksek k` cód >77> sk blp`klkatú tclnbâa k` Zbstklc ek Okstbúa ek Zkourbece y Zc`ue ka k` Urcncid, ncsced ka kstãaecrks batkracjbdac`ks. Ka k` Zbstklc ek J`csbhbjcjbúa Batkracjbdac` ek Zkourbece ek EAX sk c`jcazú k` abvk` ? ek 37. Katrk k` >772 y k` >737 sk tkrlbaú jda âxbtd `c lborcjbúa l borcjbúa ek` Zbstklc ek Zkourbece y Zc`ue ka k` Urcncid c `c Adrlc DZMC 3=7739>77?. @c jkrtbhbjcjbúa ka kstc adrlc batkracjbdac` mc pkrlbtbed c su vkz batkorcr kstk sbstklc jda dtrds ek Okstbúa ek Jc`bece y Lkebd Clnbkatk. Ka k` >737 sk rkobstrú k` lkadr aùlkrd ek cjjbekatks ek `ds ù`tblds juctrd códs. K` ìaebjk ek Hrkjukajbc ek Cjjbekatks Bajcpcjbtcatks mc sbed ek :.5 pdr lb``úa ek mdrcs/ mdlnrk trcncicecs y k` ek Zkvkrbece, ek 88 eìcs pkrebeds pdr lb``úa ek mdrcs/mdlnrk trcncicecs (baebjcedrks skoùa adrlc CAZB Y38.3)6 kstk ù`tbld ks k` tkrjkr vc`dr lãs ncid ek `ds ù`tblds aukvk códs. Cauc`lkatk `ds jd`cndrcedrks jukatca jda kxãlkaks lâebjds prkvkatbvds pr kvkatbvds juyds rksu`tceds sda tdlceds ka jukatc ka `c k`cndrcjbúa ek `ds p`caks ek lkidrc ek bastc`cjbdaks, csì jdld ka jclpcócs bahdrlctbvcs ek autrbjbúa, prkvkajbúa ek kahkrlkeceks, ktj. C`bjdrp tbkak ceklãs ua túpbjd lâebjd quk nrbaec ctkajbúa ek klkrokajbcs `cs >5 mdrcs ek` eìc tded k` cód. Zk prdlukvk tclnbâa `c ebhusbúa ek prãjtbjcs ek skourbece y sc`ue djupcjbdac` c trcvâs ek jmcr`cs ebcrbcs ek jbajd lbautds, vbtrbacs jda chbjmks, jdrrkds k`kjtrúabjds y k` sbstklc ZLCE (Zbstklc Lkjcabzced ek Celbabstrcjbúa ek Edjulkatds). Wdr dtrd `ced, sk rkc`bzca kstuebds ek jdaebjbdaks y clnbkatk ek trcncid ka tdecs `cs p`catcs, baj`uykaed cspkjtds jdld rubed, b`ulbacjbúa, pd`vd, krodadlìc, ktj. K` Jdlbtâ ek Zkourbece y Zc`ue Djupcjbdac` ek C`bjdrp kstã batkorced pdr trks rkprkskatcatks ek `c klprksc y trks ek `ds trcncicedrks, kstds ù`tblds k`kobeds lkebcatk vdtcjbúa. Kstc vìc ek jdluabjcjbúa pukek jcac`bzcr djurrkajbcs, bajbekatks, suokrkajbcs pcrc lkidrcs d rkj`clds pdr hc`tcs c `cs adrlcs ek` sbstklc ek skourbece y sc`ue djupcjbdac`. Ka k` >772 sk jrkú ua jdlbtâ lu`tbebsjbp`bacrbd pcrc prkvkabr, bahdrlcr y ldabtdrkcr juc`qubkr nrdtk ek` vbrus CM3A3 y ka k` >737 drocabzclds uac jclpcóc ek vcjuacjbúa dhrkjbkaed hcjb`beceks jdatrc kstk vbrus y k` ek bah`ukazc jdlùa pcrc aukstrds jd`cndrcedrks y sus hclb`bcs.

 

:.? Nc`cajk ek vbec @cs Ikhcturcs y Okrkajbcs ek ek C`bjdrp sda ek pukrtcs cnbkrtcs, cnbkrtcs, pdr `d quk `ds klp`kceds, klp`kceds, ek rkqukrbr pkrlbsds d cutdrbzcjbdaks pukeka jdavkrscr`cs cnbkrtclkatk jda `ds ikhks ebrkjtds. Wdr dtrd `ced, jdatclds jda k` _cwc _csb Lcrbtkrk, c` juc` pukeka cjjkekr `ds jd`cndrcedrks jda mbids lkadrks ek : códs. :.= Xd`uatcrbced jdrpdrctbvd Aukstrd Wrdorclc ek Xd`uatcrbced kstã drbkatced c nrbaecr tc``krks keujctbvds c `ds pcerks ek hclb`bc jda mbids lkadrks ek ; códs. @ds vd`uatcrbds lcakica mkrrclbkatcs pcrc ``kvcr c jcnd tc``krks ebeãjtbjds y pcrtbjbpctbvds jda `ds jdaskids lãs blpdrtcatks pcrc dptblbzcr `c autrbjbúa ek `ds abóds ek aukstrc jdluabece. :. :.   J`bkatks 5.3 Ctkajbúa c` j`bkatk C`bjdrp lbek `ds abvk`ks ek sctbshcjjbúa ek sus j`bkatks c trcvâs ek kstuebds ek lkrjced, `ds juc`ks nrbaeca bahdrlcjbúa rkspkjtd c dpdrtuabeceks ek lkidrc ka `ds prdjksds quk blpcjtca ebrkjtclkatk ka `c ctkajbúa ek sus j`bkatks. Ka k` >737, `ds kstuebds ek lkrjced kstuvbkrda c jcrod ek `c cokajbc Bpsds CWDRD, quk usú `c lktded`doìc @dyc`ty Dptblbzkr, quk baj`uyk katrkvbstcs ka prdhuaebece y kajukstcs c lãs ek >57 j`bkatks ek tdecs `cs rkobdaks ek` Wkrù . Csblbsld, sk rkc`bzc trblkstrc`lkatk ua ‐trcjf“ ka k` quk  sk kajukstc pdr tk`âhdad c 377 j`bkatks, jda k` hba ek mcjkr ua skoublbkatd ek `c kvd`ujbúa ek `c sctbshcjjbúa ek j`bkatks. @c sctbshcjjbúa ek j`bkatks tclnbâa sk lbek lks c lks c trcvâs ek baebjcedrks ek skrvbjbd batkrad, tc`ks jdld Wkebed Wkrhkjtd (pkebed katrkoced jdlp`ktd y c tbklpd). Kstk baebjcedr mc ldstrced uac kvd`ujbúa pdsbtbvc ka `ds ù`tblds trks códs, pcscaed ek 8:% ka k` >77= c ?:% ka k` >737. Udeds kstds baebjcedrks sda rkvbsceds lkasuc`lkatk ka k` Jdlbtâ ek Zkrvbjbd, jdahdrlced pdr ua kqubpd ek 35 okrkatks ek `cs ãrkcs ek vkatcs, ebstrbnujbúa, sbstklcs, p`cabhbjcjbúa y skrvbjbd c` j`bkatk. Ka kstk jdlbtâ sk ekscrrd``ca lkidrcs ka `ds prdjksds quk tbkaka blpcjtd ka `c sctbshcjjbúa ek` j`bkatk. Jdatclds jda lkjcabslds ek jdluabjcjbúa jda aukstrds j`bkatks y jdasulbedrks9   @ds prbajbpc`ks lkebds ek jdluabjcjbúa jda `ds j`bkatks pkrlbtka jcac`bzcr jdasu`tcs, bahdrlcjbúa  okakrc` y rkj`clds. @ds jcac`ks ebspdabn`ks sda `c `ìakc orctubtc 7=77 3>;5> y bahdrlcjbúa `c pãobac wkn www.c`bjdrp.jdl.pk

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  C`ú C`bjdrp, juyd aùlkrd ks ;2; 7555, pkrlbtk c `ds jdasulbedrks mcjkr jdasu`tcs cjkrjc ek `ds prdeujtds ek `c klprksc.

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Udec jdluabjcjbúa (jdasu`tc, bahdrlcjbúa d rkj`cld) ks rkobstrcec y ctkaebec ek cjukred c `ds prdjkeblbkatds quk kstcn`kjk C`bjdrp pcrc k` jcsd ek j`bkatks y jdasulbedrks, ek cjukred c`

 

aukvd Júebod ek Jdasuld (ka k` quk sk kspkjbhbjc quk sk eknk rkspdaekr juc`qubkr rkj`cld ka ua p`czd lkadr c :7 eìcs). Ek kstc lcakrc, `c klprksc cskourc uac dpdr dpdrtuac tuac y khkjtbvc rkspukstc. Ka k` >737, k` prdlkebd ek rkspukstc huk ek skbs eìcs, lkidrcaed `ds tbklpds rkobstrceds ka k` >772. Wcrc lkidrcr `ds abvk`ks ek ctkajbúa tk`khúabjc, C`bjdrp blp`klkatú ka k` >737 k` lúeu`d J^L ek ZCW (Justdlkr ^k`ctbdasmbp Lcacoklkat), jdavbrtbâaedsk ka `c prblkrc klprksc ka k` Wkrù ka blp`klkatcr ebjmd sbstklc. Jda k` hba ek cek`catcrsk c `cs jdasu`tcs k bahdrlcjbdaks lãs hrkjukatks, sk kstcn`kjbú tclnbâa ua p`ca ek ``clcecs prdcjtbvcs, jda `d juc` sk pued lkidrcr k` skrvbjbd y `c sctbshcjjbúa ek `ds j`bkatks. Hbac`lkatk, `c klprksc lcatbkak ua skrvbjbd pkrsdac`bzced orcjbcs c quk jukatc jda kqubpds kspkjbc`bzceds pcrc ctkaekr c ebhkrkatks tbpds ek j`bkatks (lcydrbstcs, pcacekrìcs, baeustrbcs, hdde skrvbjk, EK], cutdskrvbjbds), qubkaks sda bahdrlceds y jdadjka `ds adlnrks y tk`âhdads ek `cs pkrsdacs kajcrocecs ek ctkaekr`ds. 5.> Ekscrrd``d ek prdeujtd y okstbúa Ukaklds uac ‐Wd`ìtbjc Batkorcec ek Zbstklcs ek Okstbúa“, ekatrd ek `c juc` `c sc`ue y skourbece ek aukstrds j`bkatks y jdasulbedrks ks uac prkdjupcjbúa jdastcatk y luy prkskatk ka `ds prdjksds prdeujtbvds ek C`bjdrp. Wdr kstk ldtbvd, supkrvbsclds y vbob`clds k` julp`blbkatd ek rbourdsds kstãaecrks ka jcec ktcpc ek` jbrjubtd ek aukstrds prdeujtds (ekscrrd``d ek jdajkptd ek` prdeujtd, hcnrbjcjbúa y prdeujjbúa, c`lcjkacik, ebstrbnujbúa y skrvbjbd c j`bkatks y jdasulbedrks). Ka C`bjdrp rkc`bzclds kstuebds ektc``ceds pcrc k` ekscrrd``d ek tdeds aukstrds prdeujtds. Aukstrc ãrkc ek Bavkstbocjbúa ek Lkrjced jdasbekrc `cs akjksbeceks ek `ds jdasulbedrks y tdlc ka jukatc `cs rkjdlkaecjbdaks ek aukstrds j`bkatks. @c jc`bece ek `ds prdeujtds ek C`bjdrp sk huaec ka `c sbstklctbzcjbúa ek `c okstbúa ek jc`bece ka `cs p`catcs. Aukstrcs prãjtbjcs ek jc`bece kstãa ncscecs ka `cs adrlcs BZD 2773, BZD 35777 y ka k` ‐Caã`bsbs ek ^bksods“ y Jdatrd` ek Wuatds Jrìtbjds (MCJJW)“, adrlcs batkracjbdac`ks ek ‐Nukacs Wrãjtbjcs ek Lcauhcjturc (NWL)“. C trcvâs ek ebvkrsds lkebds (ktbquktcs, jclpcócs, ktj.)

bahdrlclds sdnrk `cs ndaeceks ek aukstrds prdeujtds. C `c hkjmc, C`bjdrp ad rkobstrc rktbrd ek prdeujtds ek` lkrjced pdr eklcaecs ek jdasulbedrks 5.: Wd`ìtbjc ek lcrfktbao y jdluabjcjbdaks Udecs `cs jclpcócs pun`bjbtcrbcs ek `c klprksc sk ekscrrd``ca ka k` lcrjd ek `cs rkou`cjbdaks cjdrececs pdr `c Csdjbcjbúa Acjbdac` ek Cauajbcatks (CAEC), `c juc` kstã cesjrbtc c` Jdaskid Acjbdac` ek Cutdrrkou`cjbúa Wun`bjbtcrbc (JDAC^). Kstcs rkou`cjbdaks baj`uyka, katrk dtrcs, k` rkspktd c `cs lbadrìcs, c `ds ekrkjmds mulcads y c `ds abóds ka k` lcrjd ek `cs jclpcócs ek pun`bjbece. Cebjbdac`lkatk, julp`blds jda `ds rkqubsbtds `koc`ks cp`bjcn`ks y ekhbabeds pdr k` úrocad rkou`cedr rkou`cedr ka k` k` Wkrù, BAEKJDWB. BAEKJDWB. Ka `ds `ds hdrds edaek edaek batkrcjtùc batkrcjtùc C`bjdrp (Clkrbjca Jmclnkr, Jãlcrc ek Jdlkrjbd ek @blc, CAEC, Jdahkekrcjbúa ek Bastbtujbdaks Klprkscrbc`ks Wkrucacs, ktj.) sbklprk sk prdpbjbc `c cp`bjcjbúa ek prãjtbjcs âtbjcs ek pun`bjbece.

5.5 Xkatcs Âtbjcs

 

@c rk`cjbúa jdlkrjbc` katrk C`bjdrp y sus j`bkatks sk huaeclkatc ka `c jdahbcazc y k` rkspktd. ^kjmczclds `cs hc`tcs c` jdlpdrtclbkatd âtbjd y scajbdaclds k bavkstboclds `ds jcsds ek ksc acturc`kzc. ^khrkaeclds pdr lkebd ek jdatrctds `ds cjukreds c`jcazceds jda `ds j`bkatks, c qubkaks ocrcatbzclds `c prbvcjbece ek `ds ectds prdpdrjbdaceds. Juc`qubkr ldebhbjcjbúa c ebjmds jdatrctds ks rkc`bzcec prkvbd cjukred katrk `cs pcrtks. Kstcn`kjklds `ds prkjbds ka huajbúa c `ds lkrjceds, `ds jdluabjclds c `ds j`bkatks y hdrlca pcrtk vbaju`catk ek `ds cjukreds c`jcazceds jda k``ds. Ka aukstrc rk`cjbúa jda j`bkatks, ekscrrd``clds cjtbvbeceks ek trcashkrkajbc ek prãjtbjcs âtbjcs c `ds pcrtbjbpcatks ek aukstrc jcekac ek cprdvbsbdaclbkatd. Ceklãs, trctclds ek quk `c jdlpktkajbc katrk aukstrds prdpbds j`bkatks sk ``kvk c jcnd ka ua lcrjd ek `kc`tce y mdakstbece. 5. 5.  

Wrdvkkedrks

;.3  Kvc`ucjbúa y sk`kjjbúa ek prdvkkedrks ;.3  C`bjdrp rkc`bzc su okstbúa ek prdvkkedrks prbajbpc`lkatk c trcvâs ek juctrd ãrkcs9  ãrkcs9  • Okrkajbc ek Jdasuld Lcsbvd.  • Okrkajbc Jkatrc` ek Zupp`y Jmcba. 

• Okrkajbc ek` Akodjbd ek Autrbjbúa

Cablc`. • Okrkajbc Jkatrc` ek` Akodjbd ek

Wrdeujtds

Baeustrbc`ks.

  K` ãrkc ek Lctkrbcs Wrblcs ks `c kajcrocec ek` cncstkjblbkatd dpdrtuad ek lctkrbcs prblcs c `cs p`catcs ek C`bjdrp jda ua c`td abvk` ek jc`bece, c jdstds jdlpktbtbvds y kvbtcaed k` sdnrkstdjf. Kstc ãrkc tclnbâa prkvbkak `cs vcrbcjbdaks ek prkjbds ek `ds basulds ka `ds lkrjceds acjbdac`ks k batkracjbdac`ks y ec skoublbkatd c `ds pkebeds pcrc `dorcr ua tbklpd ek katrkoc dpdrtuad. @ds prdvkkedrks ek skrvbjbds ebvkrsds sda `ds quk ads prkstca skrvbjbds ek jc`bnrcjbúa ek kqubpds6 lcatkablbkatd ek kqubpds, lãqubacs y kebhbjbds6 skrvbjbds prdhksbdac`ks6 y ek dnrcs jbvb`ks k bastc`cjbdaks. Aukstrd ldek`d ek okstbúa ek jdatrctcjbúa ek skrvbjbds kstã ebskóced pcrc celbabstrcr `c jdatrctcjbúa c trcvâs ek skrvbjbds ek tkrjkrds y sk kalcrjc ekatrd ek` ldek`d ek okstbúa ek lcatkablbkatd. l catkablbkatd. Ka k` >77= C`bjdrp babjbú ua prdjksd pcrc dptblbzcr `c okstbúa ek sus prdvkkedrks ek trcaspdrtk, kstcn`kjbkaed kxbokatks kstãaecrks ek skrvbjbd ek cjukred c su pd`ìtbjc ek jc`bece y khbjbkajbc. Zk jdatklp`ca `ds sboubkatks cspkjtds9

  Catboðkece. @cs uabeceks eknkrãa skr aukvcs d tkakr jdld lãxbld 3; códs.   Hdrlc`bzcjbúa. K` pkrsdac` ek `ds prdvkkedrks eknkrã hbourcr ka p`cab``c ek cjukred c `cs adrlcs `cndrc`ks vbokatks y `c klprksc eknkrã ekldstrcr sd`bekz celbabstrctbvc y hbacajbkrc.

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  Kstced. @cs uabeceks eknkrãa kajdatrcrsk ka pkrhkjtd kstced lkjãabjd y ek jdaskrvcjbúa.   Adrlctbvbece. @cs uabeceks eknkrãa julp`br jda `cs adrlctbvcs y kstãaecrks ek jbrju`cjbúa vbc`, jkrtbhbjced ek rkvbsbúa tâjabjc y ek dpkrctbvbece, ek klbsbdaks, ktj.   Zkourbece. @ds prdvkkedrks eknkrãa julp`br jda `d ebspukstd ka k` EZ-772 y eknkrãa blp`klkatcr sbstklcs ek unbjcjbúa pdr sctâ`btk (OWZ).   Ctkajbúa c` j`bkatk. Eknk kstcr ka `ìakc jda `ds kstãaecrks kxbobeds pdr C`bjdrp.

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;.> Ekscrrd``d ek prdvkkedrks y vc`drks ka `c jcekac prdeujtbvc Wcrc prdldvkr k` ekscrrd``d ek aukstrds prdvkkedrks, pdaklds ua kspkjbc` âahcsbs ka uac mdld`docjbúa khkjtucec pdr uac tkrjkrc klprksc ncid `ds jrbtkrbds ek jc`bece y skourbece c hba ek ocrcatbzcr uac rk`cjbúa jda klprkscs hdrlc`ks y jda ua nuka eksklpkód batkorc`. Csblbsld, C`bjdrp prdlukvk k` ekscrrd``d ekscrrd``d ek sus prdvkkedrks ek lctkrbc`ks lkebca lkebcatk tk jdatrctds juyds p`czds vcrìca ek cjukred c `ds ldatds k blpdrtcajbc ek `ds lctkrbc`ks quk sk akodjbc. Autrbjbúa Cablc` ekscrrd``c k` prdykjtd ‐Hdrtc`kjblbkatd ka k` Wrdjksd Wrdeujtbvd ek `ds Ekrbvceds ek` W`ãtcad“, quk jdatklp`c `c bastc`cjbúa ek `c p`catc prdjkscedrc ek mcrbac y k`

ekscrrd``d ek jcpcjbeceks ka k` ebstrbtd ek Wcpcyc`. Jdld `ds nkakhbjbcrbds sda `ds aùj`kds ek prdeujtdrks crtkscac`ks jdastbtubeds pdr pdn`cedrks ek ncids rkjursds kjdaúlbjds, k` prdykjtd sk prdpdak `c jdastbtujbúa ek uac klprksc jdluac` prdeujtbvc ek okstbúa prdpbc. Ek kstc lcakrc, c` cjjkekr c uac bahrckstrujturc cekjucec, `ds nkakhbjbcrbds pderãa jdlpktbr ka bouc`ece ek jdaebjbdaks jda `ds prdeujtdrks ek dtrcs `djc`beceks, sba blpdrtcr su unbjcjbúa okdorãhbjc. Wcrc k` ekscrrd``d ek aukstrds prdvkkedrks ek trcaspdrtks, ``kvclds c jcnd jcpcjbtcjbdaks c trbpu`cjbdaks pcrc lkidrcr k` skrvbjbd c` j`bkatk. Mklds ebskóced ua prdorclc ek jrkjblbkatd pkrsdac`, orupc` y ek `bekrczod ekadlbaced ‐Ekscrrd``d ek batk`bokajbcs pcrc `dorcr uac ju`turc ek skrvbjbd pkrlcakatk“.

Ka jucatd c `c prdldjbúa ek jdlprcs `djc`ks ka aukstrcs p`catcs, sb nbka ks jbkrtd quk `cs jdlprcs `djc`ks sk okstbdaca eksek aukstrc p`catc `djc`bzcec ka k` Jc``cd (@blc), C`bjdrp tclnbâa prdlukvk quk aukstrcs p`catcs `djc`bzcecs ka dtrds ekpcrtclkatds ek` Wkrù bekatbhbquka prdvkkedrks `djc`ks quk jukatka jda jcrcjtkrìstbjcs cekjucecs ek jc`bece, prkjbd y dpdrtuabece. Wdr dtrd `ced, k` lkjcabsld prbajbpc` ek rk`cjbdaclbkatd jda aukstrds prdvkkedrks ks c trcvâs ek ua `baf kspkjìhbjd ka `c pãobac wkn ek C`bjdrp, c` quk âstds pukeka ebrbobr sus jdasu`tcs, rkj`clds d suokrkajbcs. Ks blpdrtcatk rksc`tcr quk tclnbâa pukeka utb`bzcr aukstrd skrvbjbd ek Jc`` Jkatkr pcrc dntkakr bahdrlcjbúa ek pcods d prkskatcr c`oùa rkj`cld. [ac vkz rkjbnbec `c jdasu`tc d rkj`cld, âstc ks ekrbvcec c` ãrkc jdrrkspdaebkatk. Dtrds jcac`ks ek jdluabjcjbúa jda aukstrds prdvkkedrks sda k` jdrrkd k`kjtrúabjd, tk`âhdad hbid, tk`âhdad jk`u`cr, rkuabdaks pkrbúebjcs jda `ds prdvkkedrks (vbsbtcs c sus p`catcs, vbsbtcs c aukstrcs dhbjbacs) y cuebtdrìcs. Hbac`lkatk, k` ãrkc ek Jcekacs Wrdeujtbvcs, quk hdrlc pcrtk ek `c Xbjkprksbekajbc ek Akodjbd ek Wrdeujtds Baeustrbc`ks, vbkak trcncicaed mcjk vcrbds códs ka k` ekscrrd``d ek `c jcekac ek Urbod Eurul.

 

;. ;.   Jdluabece 8.3 Blpcjtd ek `c klprksc ka `c jdluabece Eksek k` babjbd ek aukstrcs dpkrcjbdaks, mklds blp`klkatced prdorclcs ek bavkrsbúa sdjbc` ka jdluabeceks, prbajbpc`lkatk ebrbobeds c `c prdldjbúa ek `c autrbjbúa bahcatb` lkebcatk `c keujcjbúa ek `cs lcerks ek abóds lkadrks ek trks códs. @ds kstuebds sdnrk eksautrbjbúa jrúabjc bahcatb` ka k` Wkrù lukstrca quk kstc prdn`klãtbjc ks ua dnstãju`d pcrc k` pdstkrbdr ekscrrd``d batk`kjtuc` ek `c pdn`cjbúa. Ekjbeblds kahdjcr aukstrds kshukrzds ka kstc ebrkjjbúa pdrquk sk trctc ek ua tklc vbaju`ced ebrkjtclkatk jda k` jdrk nusbakss ek C`bjdrp y pdrquk `c eksautrbjbúa ka lujmds jcsds sk pukek prkvkabr y rkjupkrcr bahdrlcaed c lcerks y pcerks pcrc quk lkidrka `c c`blkatcjbúa ek sus hclb`bcs. N). ). Wcrc lcydrks rkhkrkajbcs, vkr Zkjjbúa Jdluabece ka k` rkpdrtk ek Zdstkabnb`bece Zdstkabnb`bece >77= (Cakxd ( Cakxd N 8.> ^k`cjbdaks jda drocabzcjbdaks jdluabtcrbcs Aukstrd Wrdorclc ek keujcjbúa ka autrbjbúa ‐^kjupkrcr“ sk kikjutc eksek k` cód >77; ka `cs zdacs lãs akjksbtcs ek `c prdvbajbc jdastbtujbdac` ek` Jc``cd y mc `dorced `c hdrlcjbúa ek prdldtdrks ek autrbjbúa `djc`ks pcrc uac trcashkrkajbc ek jdadjblbkatds sdstkabn`k. Wdr dtrd `ced, aukstrd prdykjtd ‐Urbod Eurul“ nusjc bajrklkatcr `c prdeujjbúa acjbdac` ek trbod, rkeujbr pcu`ctbaclkatk su blpdrtcjbúa y nkakhbjbcr c ua orupd blpdrtcatk ek pkqukóds y lkebcads corbju`tdrks. Ka `c jcekac prdeujtbvc, C`bjdrp katrkoc c` corbju`tdr `c sklb``c ek trbod eurul, Jdrpdrcjbúa Lbstb `d prdvkk ek hkrtb`bzcatks, Cordvbec `k dtdroc `ds cordquìlbjds y Cordncajd `k prdpdrjbdac hbacajbclbkatd. Wcrc `dorcr kstc lkidrc ek `cs jcekacs prdeujtbvcs ek trbod eurul ka k` pcìs, sk mca hbrlced jdavkabds jda csdjbcjbdaks ek corbju`tdrks, jdld W^DK@, CW^DW@CLK R CWJD. 8.: Cpdyd c prdorclcs sdjbc`ks ‚ sdjbc`ks ‚ hb`catrdpìc  hb`catrdpìc Wdr ua `ced, jda `c hbac`bece ek keujcr ka autrbjbúa c ``cs cs hclb`bcs ek` Wkrù y prdldvkr k` ekscrrd`` ekscrrd``d d bahcatb` C`bjdrp tuvd c` cbrk cbrk `c jclpcóc tk`kvbsbvc ‐C`blkatc k` Huturd“. Kstc jclpcóc nrbaec uac skrbk ek jdaskids ùtb`ks sdnrk jdld c`blkatcr lkidr c `ds abóds lkadrks ek : códs, c trcvâs ek `ds kspcjbds jdlkrjbc`ks ek ; jcac`ks ek skóc` cnbkrtc9 Hrkjukajbc @ctbac, Wcaclkrbjcac UX, Clkrbjc UX, CUX y ^ke O`dnc`. Eksek 3222 mcstc `c cjtuc`bece, k` Wrdykjtd Urbod Eurul mc tkabed k` rktd ek hdrlcr jcekacs prdeujtbvcs rkatcn`ks, jda k` lcydr vc`dr corkoced, okakrcaed ua khkjtd lu`tbp`bjcedr ka k` klp`kd ek `cs zdacs rurc`ks. Ekspuâs ek códs ek batkasc bavkstbocjbúa, y c pcrtbr ek lctkrbc` ek c`td vc`dr okaâtbjd prdpdrjbdaced pdr k` JBLLRU ek Lâxbjd (Jkatrd Batkracjbdac` ek Lkidrclbkatd ek Lcìz y Urbod), C`bjdrp jdasboubú ekscrrd``cr sklb``cs ek vcrbkeceks ek Urbod Eurul hbekkrd ek c`tìsblc jc`bece y rkaeblbkatd, cekjucecs pcrc `cs jdaebjbdaks `djc`ks. Mklds `dorced nkakhbjbcr c 277 hclb`bcs pdr cód, ka prdlkebd y sk mca bavkrtbed lãs ek [Z$ :> lb``daks ka kstc jcekac prdeujtbvc.

 

Ceklãs, C`bjdrp ekscrrd``ú jclpcócs rcebc`ks c trcvâs ek `cs klbsdrcs lãs blpdrtcatks ek` pcìs. Eksek codstd ek` ek` >77= mcstc lkebceds lkebceds ek` >737 sk trcaslbtbú c trcvâs ek JWA ^cebd, k` lbjrdprdorclc ‐@c Zùpkr Lclã“. Wdr dtrd `ced, orcjbcs c uac c`bcazc katrk C`bjdrp y ^cebd Wrdorclcs ek` Wkrù, sk ``kvú c jcnd `c jclpcóc ‐@d quk tdec lcerk eknk scnkr sdnrk autrbjbúa bahcatb`“. C trcvâs ek skjukajbcs ek sc`ue ka ^WW sk ebsjutbkrda tklcs ek autrbjbúa bahcatb` y c `d

`crod ek `c prdorclcjbúa. Kstc jclpcóc kstuvd c` cbrk eksek k` >778 mcstc jdlbkazds ek` >737, `dorcaed ``kocr jcec sklcac c lãs ek 8 lb``daks ek lcerks ka k` Wkrù. Ek bouc` lcakrc, pcrc ebslbaubr ebslbaubr `cs c`tcs tcscs ek eksautrbjbúa jrúabjc bahcatb` qu qukk kajdatrclds ka `cs zdacs rurc`ks, C`bjdrp C`bjdrp sk mc mkjmd mkjmd prkskatk tclnbâa ka `cs `cs zdacs rurc`ks c trcvâs ek `ds jdluabjcedrks ek `cs rcebds rurc`ks `djc`ks, jda `c jclpcóc keujctbvc ‐@c ^cebd sc`uecn`k“. Ka c`bcazc jda k` Lbabstkrbd ek Zc`ue y `c Csdjbcjbúa Luaebc` ek ^cebds Jdluabtcrbcs, sk vbkaka ekscrrd``caed Uc``krks ek jcpcjbtcjbúa c `ds jdluabjcedrks ka k` usd ek ua Lcauc` ek ^cebds jda kahdquk ka autrbjbúa bahcatb`. Kstk lcauc` `ks pkrlbtbrã skr `ds prbajbpc`ks prdldtdrks ek sus jdluabeceks ka `c `ujmc jdatrc eksautrbjbúa ka lkadrks ek ; códs. Wdr dtrd `ced, C`bjdrp mcjk edacjbdaks ka c`blkatds y ka khkjtbvd c c`ouacs bastbtujbdaks. Wdr kiklp`d, eurcatk `c Uk`ktúa >7333 sk edacrda 3:8 lb` Aukvds Zd`ks. 8. 8.   Clnbkatk ?.3 Blpcjtd ka k` lkebd clnbkatk Mklds bekatbhbjced `ds blpcjtds clnbkatc`ks ek aukstrcs dpkrcjbdaks y `ds okstbdaclds ek lcakrc rkspdascn`k sboubkaed k` kahdquk ek sbstklc ek okstbúa clnbkatc` skoùa `c adrlc BZD 35777. Aukstrc okstbúa clnbkatc` kstã c jcrod ek `c Okrkajbc ek Zupp`y Jmcba, c trcvâs ek sus ãrkcs ek9   Jc`bece, quk rkprkskatc c `ds sbstklcs ek okstbúa ek jc`bece y lkebd clnbkatk ka k` akodjbd ek jdasuld lcsbvd. Ks rkspdascn`k ek9 Jdatrd` clnbkatc` batkrad. d  Jdatrd` ek `ìlbtks pkrlbsbn`ks. d  Jkrtbhbjcjbdaks BZD 35777. d 

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  Zkourbece Baeustrbc`, quk tbkak c jcrod k` sbstklc ek skourbece y sc`ue (Jdatrd` ek Wârebecs) y NCZJ ka tdec `c klprksc. K` sbstklc ek Jdatrd` ek Wârebecs ka C`bjdrp kstã

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ncsced ka k` ‐Zbstklc ek J`csbhbjcjbúa Batkracjbdac` ek Zkourbece ek EAX“, quk rkjdpb`c

`cs lkidrks prãjtbjcs luaebc`ks. K` ãrkc ek Zkourbece Baeustrbc` ks rkspdascn`k ek9 d  Jdatrd` clnbkatc` kxtkrad. d  Zbstklc ek Jdatrd` ek ^bksods. d  Jkrtbhbjcjbdaks NCZJ y EAX. Kstclds jdlprdlktbeds jda `c lkidrc jdatbauc ek aukstrcs dpkrcjbdaks, `c prkvkajbúa ek `c jdatclbacjbúa y `c utb`bzcjbúa cekjucec ek `c kakroìc pcrc lbablbzcr `ds blpcjtds clnbkatc`ks ek aukstrcs cjtbvbeceks, prdeujtds y skrvbjbds ka nkakhbjbd ek `c jdluabece.

 

?.> ^kspdascnb`bece clnbkatc` c trcvâs ek` jbj`d prdeujtbvd [ac pcrtk blpdrtcatk ek` jdlprdlbsd ek C`bjdrp jda k` lkebd clnbkatk ks k` usd ek lctkrbc`ks rkjbj`ceds, jdld k` jcrtúa jdrruoced quk tclnbâa ks nbdekorcecn`k. Ks pdr k``d quk `c klprksc nusjc, ka `c lkebec ek `d pdsbn`k, jdlprcr c sus prdvkkedrks jcics quk jdatkaoca ebstbatds pdrjkatciks ek lctkrbc` rkjbj`ced ka su k`cndrcjbúa. @cs klbsbdaks ek ocsks ek khkjtd bavkracekrd y dtrds chkjtca ebrkjtclkatk k` lkebd clnbkatk y sda cokatks ek` jclnbd j`blãtbjd. C`bjdrp ad ksjctblc kshukrzds pcrc lbtbocr k` blpcjtd quk pderìca jcuscr `cs cjtbvbeceks quk ekscrrd``c. @cs klbsbdaks tdtc`ks ek `c klprksc sk jc`ju`ca ka ncsk c ldabtdrkds cauc`ks rkc`bzceds c `ds prdjksds ek okakrcjbúa ek vcpdr y couc jc`bkatk ka jcec p`catc. Uclnbâa nusjclds rkeujbr k` jdasuld ek jdlnustbn`ks húsb`ks. Katrk `ds códs >772 y >737 sk sustbtuykrda tdeds `ds kqubpds quk klp`kcnca ^3> jclnbãaed`ds pdr dtrds quk usca ocs kjd`úobjd. Wcrc k` cód >733 `c klprksc sk mc jdlprdlktbed c jclnbcr `ds : kqubpds ek lcydr jcpcjbece (>7 mp jcec uad) pdr dtrds ek ocs kjd`úobjd. @ds kqubpds rkstcatks sda ek lkadr pdtkajbc, jdld C/J, y sk brãa rkklp`czcaed prdorksbvclkatk. Orcjbcs c uac úptblc p`cabhbjcjbúa rkeuiblds aukstrd jdasuld ek jdlnustbn`k E> eurcatk k` >737. Wdr dtrd `ced, nusjclds rkutb`bzcr k` couc prbajbpc`lkatk ka `cs dpkrcjbdaks quk bavd`ujrca couc ek kahrbclbkatd ek `ds prdjksds. Ceklãs, ka `c p`catc Jdpsc ek @blc sk cequbrbú ceklãs uac ldekrac p`catc ek trctclbkatd ek kh`ukatks, ekstbacec c lkidrcr `cs eksjcrocs ek kh`ukatks baeustrbc`ks ek` prkebd, ek cjukred jda kstãaecrks batkracjbdac`ks. ?.: Jubeced ka `c bajdrpdrcjbúa ek basulds y trctclbkatd ek ekskjmds @ds prbajbpc`ks basulds utb`bzceds pdr C`bjdrp ka sus p`catcs ek prdeujjbúa sda `ds cjkbtks jrueds vkoktc`ks y cablc`ks (pcrc su baeustrbc d`kcobadsc) y k` trbod (pcrc su baeustrbc pcacekrc, ek pcstcs y ek od`dsbacs). Wcrc aukstrds prdjksds ek prdeujjbúa ek c`blkatds ad utb`bzclds lctkrbcs prblcs quk skca rksbeuds ek dtrds prdjksds d baeustrbcs. Ka `d rkhkrkatk c` lcakid ek rksbeuds, tdecs `cs p`catcs ek C`bjdrp mca sbed jdasbekrcecs ekatrd ek` c`jcajk ek` ‐Wrdjkeblbkatd ek Lcakid ek ^ksbeuds“ y `ds okstbdaca ek cjukred c sus ebrkjtbvcs. Ka `cs p`catcs ek Uruib``d, Wburc y Crkqubpc ad okstbdaclds `c ebspdsbjbúa hbac` ek aukstrds rksbeuds c trcvâs uac klprksc prkstcedrc ek skrvbjbds (^ksbeuds Zú`beds KWZ ‚^Z) pdr ad kxbstbr klprkscs `djc`ks cutdrbzcecs pdr `c Ebrkjjbúa Okakrc` ek Zc`ue Clnbkatc`. Wcrc okstbdacr `ds rksbeuds baeustrbc`ks ad pk`bordsds, utb`bzclds `ds skrvbjbds luabjbpc`ks. @ds rksbeuds pk`bordsds sda c`lcjkaceds pcrc su pdstkrbdr ebspdsbjbúa hbac` pdr uac KWZ-^Z ek @blc. Wdr dtrd `ced, jdatclds jda k` Wrdykjtd Wrbslc, ua prdorclc ek rkeujjbúa ek ocstds dpkrctbvds, juyd hba ks lkidrcr `ds abvk`ks ek rkatcnb`bece ek `c klprksc. K` ãrkc ek Ekscrrd``d ek Kavcsks huk `c quk lcydr cmdrrd okakrú, c`jcazcaed k` 37% ek` cmdrrd tdtc` ek ksk cód, lbtbocaed ka pcrtk `ds blpcjtds c` lkebd clnbkatk. Zk rkeuid `c jcatbece ek rksbeuds sú`beds sboabhbjctbvclkatk9 eksek quk sk babjbú kstk prdykjtd ka k` >775, mcstc hbaks ek` >737, sk mc `dorced uac rkeujjbúa ek >,;2: tdak`cecs y sk mca ekscrrd``ced 57 babjbctbvcs Wrbslc.

 

Katrk k` >772 y k` >737 tclnbâa sk ebslbauyú k` ldatd tdtc` ek rksbeuds ka 575 tdak`cecs y sk blp`klkatcrda 3: babjbctbvcs pcrc rkeujbr kavcsks y klnc`ciks ka `ds prdeujtds ek C`bjdrp. ?.5 Keujcjbúa pcrc k` ekscrrd``d sdstkabn`k C`bjdrp hdlkatc `c pcrtbjbpcjbúa, `c bahdrlcjbúa y `c hdrlcjbúa ek trcncicedrks ka `ds prdjksds ek lkidrc clnbkatc` ek `c cjtbvbece. @cs jcpcjbtcjbdaks rkjbnbecs pdr aukstrd pkrsdac` tbkaeka c jdlprdlktkr`d jda `ds cspkjtds clnbkatc`ks sboabhbjctbvds ek `c klprksc y c skasbnb`bzcr`ds ka tklcs clnbkatc`ks ek cjtuc`bece (jc`katclbkatd o`dnc`, khkjtd bavkracekrd, ktj.). Ka `ds códs >772y >737 c`jcazclds `cs :,58: mdrcs/mdlnrk ek jcpcjbtcjbúa ka kstds tklcs. ?. ?.   Odnbkrad y Zdjbkece Jbvb` =.3 Urcaspcrkajbc Wd`ìtbjc C`bjdrp mc lcatkabed eksek k` babjbd ek sus dpkrcjbdaks ua kstrbjtd julp`blbkatd ek `c `kobs`cjbúa pkrucac y ek sus dn`bocjbdaks trbnutcrbcs y `cndrc`ks jda k` Kstced. Uclnbâa cpdrtc vc`dr baebrkjtd c trcvâs ek` pcod ek sus blpukstds y trbnutds c `cs katbeceks y celbabstrcjbdaks ek` Kstced. =.> @bekrczod k bah`ukajbc sdjbc` Jdld sk lkajbdaú catkrbdrlkatk, C`bjdrp prdlukvk k` ekscrrd``d bahcatb` c trcvâs ek su jclpcóc tk`kvbsbvc ‐C`blkatc k` Huturd“. Csì, nusjc bah`ubr ek lcakrc pdsbtbvc ka `cs hclb`bcs pkrucacs y

lkidrcr sus jdadjblbkatds y cjtbtueks ka tdrad c `c autrbjbúa bahcatb`. Ka jucatd c aukstrc batkrcjjbúa jda `c jdluabece cjceâlbjc y jbkatìhbjc, `cs p`catcs ek prdeujjbúa ek C`bjdrp, sk mca jdavkrtbed ka rkhkrkatks prãjtbjds pcrc edjkatks y kstuebcatks uabvkrsbtcrbds quk nusjca jdlp`klkatcr `ds jdadjblbkatds tkúrbjds blpcrtbeds ka sus cu`cs jda `c vbvkajbc ba sbtu ek` prdjksd ek k`cndrcjbúa ek prdeujtds c`blkatbjbds. Cauc`lkatk, aukstrcs skeks rkjbnka cprdxblceclkatk >57 vbsbtcatks. Wdr dtrd `ced, C`bjdrp pcrtbjbpc ka prdjksds ek jdasu`tc sdnrk pd`ìtbjcs pùn`bjcs c trcvâs ek su prkskajbc ka y/d csdjbcjbúa jda `cs sboubkatks bastbtujbdaks9            

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Zdjbkece Acjbdac` ek Baeustrbcs. Jãlcrc ek Jdlkrjbd Clkrbjcac ek` Wkrù (CLJMCL). Csdjbcjbúa Acjbdac` ek Cauajbcatks (CAEC. Csdjbcjbúa ek Kxpdrtcedrks (CEK]). Csdjbcjbúa ek Nukads Klp`kcedrks (CNK). Wkrù >7>39 C`bjdrp ks lbklnrd huaecedr y hdrlc pcrtk ek` pctrdactd ek kstc csdjbcjbúa.

=.: Wcrtbjbpcjbúa ka Wrdykjtds Ounkraclkatc`ks

 

C`bjdrp jdasbekrc prbdrbtcrbc su pcrtbjbpcjbúa ka prdykjtds ounkraclkatc`ks kxbstkatks quk jdbajbeca jda aukstrds dniktbvds jdld drocabzcjbúa, `ds juc`ks kstãa prdhuaeclkatk `boceds c `cs akjksbeceks ek` pcìs. Csì, aukstrd prdykjtd ‐Urbod Eurul“ sk c`bakc jda aukstrd obrd ek akodjbd prbajbpc` y jda `ds dniktbvds okakrc`ks ek lkidrcs ka `c prdeujjbúa corìjd`c ek` Lbabstkrbd ek Corbju`turc. K` prdorclc ‐^kjupkrcr“ jda aukstrd kahdquk ek keujcjbúa ka autrbjbúa bahcatb`, jdavkrok jda `ds `bakclbkatds ek` Lbabstkrbd ek Zc`ue. Kstk Lbabstkrbd tclnbâa vc`beú `ds jdatkabeds ek ‐@c ^cebd Zc`uecn`k“, aukstrd Wrdorclc ek Jcpcjbtcjbúa c `ds rcebdjdluabjcedrks ek `cs zdacs rurc`ks. Bouc`lkatk, lcatkaklds uac pkrlcakatk vbaju`cjbúa jda prdykjtds ounkraclkatc`ks c trcvâs ek `cs `bjbtcjbdaks kikjutcecs pdr k` Wrdorclc Acjbdac` ek Csbstkajbc C`blkatcrbc (W^DACC), ek` juc` sdlds k` prbajbpc` prdvkkedr, tcatd ka k` runrd ek cjkbtks jdld ka k` ek mcrbacs. Jdatrbnublds c` ekscrrd``d ek `cs jdluabeceks c trcvâs ek` pcod ek blpukstds y crnbtrbds, quk sda jcac`bzceds c `cs Luabjbpc`beceks y/d Odnbkrads ^kobdac`ks. Uclnbâa `ks nrbaeclds cyuec pdr batkrlkebd ek bastbtujbdaks nkaâhbjcs jdld Jãrbtcs (Bo`ksbc Jctú`bjc), bastbtujbúa quk jcac`bzc aukstrcs edacjbdaks.