MANUSCRIPT

 

 

NRORELHE KHCH_ HQHD R_HS SB_NHCH] KHCH_ R_BRD CHE K_BHS@E@E ]HCH ]BECB_@SH LHLHI L@EGHI K_FE@K

Dheusar`pt Fibn 7

DRHEHI@H L8A?8 dl/cI. Nhs`i ug` Qpbhrdhe c`pbrfibn e`ih` p4=,=?? (p9=,=2) uetuk khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp urbud che p4=,=3< (p9=,=2) uetuk khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp krbht`e`e, sbn`ellh tbrchpht nuouelhe yhel obrdhkeh hethrh khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k.

*Afrrbspfec`el Hutnfr Duhehi`h ]rflrhd Qtuc` C@Z Hehi`s Kbsbnhthe Jhkuiths @idu Kbpbrhwhthe che Kbsbnhthe Re`vbrs`ths Dunhddhc`yhn Qbdhrhel Bdh`i7 i`h.duheh0:Mldh`i.afd

3

 

nttp7//rbpfs`tfry.ue`dus.ha.`c

Nhi tbrsbout chpht tbrghc` phch lhlhi l`eghi hkut hthu krfe`k, lifdbruifebjr`t`s, ebkrfs`s tuouibr, che pbeyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi ih`eeyh (Dybrs, ckk, ?=8?).  Krbht`e`e dbruphkhe prfcuk nhs`i dbthofi`sdb tuoun yhel c`prfcuks` sbahrh kfesthe, c`j`itrhs` fibn l`eghi, t`chk c`rbhosfros`, che c`sbkrbs`khe fibn tuouius prfks`dhi. Hpho`ih tbrghc` pbeuruehe juels` l`eghi, dhkh kbdhdpuhe j`itrhs` krbht`e`e hkhe dbeurue che dbeybohokhe pbe`elkhthe khchr krbht`e`e chihd chrhn (Hijfesf ht, hi.,  hi.,  ?=8:). L`eghi dbruphkhe shihn shtu frlhe tuoun dheus`h yhel dbd`i`k`

]bechnuiuhe ]beyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k dbruphkhe shihn shtu pbeyhk`t yhel dbeybohokhe pbeuruehe juels` l`eghi che dbelhk`ohtkhe n`pbrtrfj` strukturhi

che juels`fehi chr` ebjrfe yhel tbrs`sh (Quw`trh, ?=8=). Lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k dbruphkhe tbrghc`eyh pbeuruehe kbdhdpuhe l`eghi chihd dbdobrs`nkhe chrhn chr` ohnhe-ohnhe rhaue, yhel dbeybohokhe pbe`douehe i`dohn dbthofi`k c` chihd chrhn (Quryhwhe, cck, ?=8:). ]beyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi chpht dbeybohokhe hzftbd`h che urbd`h obrht. Hzftbd`h hchihn pbe`elkhthe hoefrdhi  ohnhe-ohnhe  ohnhe-ohnh e s`sh e`trflbe c` chihd chrhn, d`shieyh urbud, hshd urht, che krbht`e`e (Afrw`e, ?==0).

]beyhk`t l`eghi krfe`k chpht dbelhk`ohtkhe khchr hshd urht chihd chrhn dbe`elkht khrbeh hcheyh lhelluhe juels` l`eghi. ]beudpukhe hshd urht c` tuouius l`eghi dbeybohokhe kbrushkhe ebjrfe l`eghi yhel prflrbs`j che dbelhk`ohtkhe  pbeyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. Ebjrfe  obrjuels` uetuk dbdobrs`nkhe chrhn chr` zht yhel t`chk c`kbnbechk` tuoun, yh`tu prfcuk nhs`i hkn`r dbthofi`sdb (Qfbrfsf che Nhj`c, ?=88). ]beuruehe juels` l`eghi phch pbeyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k chpht dbeybohokhe  obrohlh` dhahd kfdpi`khs` shihn

 pbrhehe pbet`el uetuk dbdpbrthnhekhe stho`i`ths vfiudb, kfdpfs`s` bibktrfi`t, che fsdfihr`ths ah`rhe bkstrhsbiuibr. L`eghi dbruphkhe frlhe tuoun dheus`h yhel obrjuels` uetuk dbelbkskrbs`khe prfcuk nhs`i hkn`r hthu s`sh dbthofi`sdb tuoun d`shieyh urbud, hshd urht, che krbht`e`e hlhr chpht dbeyb`dohelkhe ah`rhe chihd tuoun. Hpho`ih s`sh dbthofi`sdb tuoun tbrsbout c`o`hrkhe dbeudpuk c` chihd tuoun, sbrth  prfcuks` che bkskrbs` s`sh dbthofi`sdb t`chk sb`dohel dhkh chpht dbeghc` rhaue chihd tuoun (tbruthdh l`eghi) che chpht dbelhk`ohtkhe pbe`elkhthe khchr hshd urht, urbud che krbht`e`e chihd chrhn (Quryhwhe cck, ?=8:).  Obobrhph stuc` dbeuegukkhe hcheyh nuouelhe hethrh hshd urht cbelhe n`pbrtbes`, fobs`ths, pbeyhk`t l`eghi che pbeyhk`t khrc`fvhskuibr. Ibo`n chr` . Ohnhe yhel c`luehkhe shdpbi sbrud pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k c`pbr`ksh khchr hshd urht, urbud che krbht`e`e. Nhs`i Chth yhel c`luehkhe chihd  pbebi`t`he dbruphkhe dbruphkhe chth pr`dbr yhel

E`ih` p

Khchr Hshd Rrht

=,3==

Khchr Rrbud

=,=33

Khchr Krbht`e`e

=,>18

Shobi 3.? dbeuegukkhe ohnwh e`ih` p9=,=2, dhkh c`pbrfibn chth t`chk tbrc`str`ous` efrdhi. Kbduc`he chth c`ug` kfrbihs` dbelluehkhe ug` Qpbhrdhe uetuk dbelbthnu` hcheyh nuouelhe khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k.

c`pbrfibn chr` nhs`i pbdbr`kshhe khchr hshd urht, urbud che krbht`e`e phch  pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k, kbduc`he c`ihkukhe hehi`s`s stht`st`k dbelluehkhe ug` Qpbhrdhe uetuk dbelhehi`s`s nuouelhe khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. Shobi 3.8. C`str`ous` Khchr Hshd Rrht tbrnhchp Khchr Rrbud che Khchr Krbht`e`e phch ]becbr`th Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`k  

Shobi 3.1. Nhs`i ug` kfrbihs` dbelluehkhe ug` Qpbhrdhe phch nuouelhe Khchr Hshd Rrht tbrnhchp Khchr Rrbud che Krbht`e`e phch ]becbr`th Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`k

:

nttp7//rbpfs`tfry.ue`dus.ha.`c

 

dbeuegukkhe ohnwh tbrchpht nuouelhe yhel obrdhkeh hethrh khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch  pbecbr`th lhlhi lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. Khchr hshd urht chpht obrnuouelhe cbelhe

KhchrV  KhchrVKrb Rrbud ht`e`e Qpbhrd Khc Kfbj`s`be =,1>8 he's rnf hrV  Kfrbihs` Hs.  E`ih` p =,=??

=,113 =,=3<

 pbrourukhe juels` l`eghi, shihn shtueyh  pbeyhk`t lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. ]beuruehe juels` l`eghi dbeybohokhe pbe`elkhthe zht s`sh dbthofi`sdb yh`tu hshd urht, urbud che krbht`e`e. Khchr hshd urht chpht obruohn khrbeh hcheyh bksprbs` rbe`e l`eghi. Khchr urbud hkhe obruohn sbohlh` rbspfe tbrnhchp cbn`crhs` che  pbdbahnhe  pbdbah nhe prftb`e, che khchr krbht`e`e hkhe obruohn sbohlh` rbspfe tbrnhchp c`sjuels` l`eghi. Khchr hshd hshd urht, urht, urbud che krbht`e`e chihd chrhn hkhe dbe`elkht sb`r`el cbelhe pbeuruehe juels` l`eghi phch prfsbs pbeyhr`elhe c` lifdbruius (Quryhwhe cck, ?=8:).

Rrht

Shobi 3.1 dbeuegukkhe ohnwh e`ih` p4=,=?? phch khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp urbud che p4=,=3< phch khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr krbht`e`e. E`ih`  p9=,=2 dhkh chpht c`eyhthkhe tbrchpht nuouelhe obrdhkeh hethrh khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp urbud che krbht`e`e phch  pbecbr`th lhlhi lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. C`skus`

Obrchshrkhe chth cbskr`pt`j yhel c`pbrfibn nhs`i t`chk tbrchpht nuouelhe hehthrh khchr hshd phch urht pbecbr`th tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k. Nhi tbrsbout khrbeh  pbe`elkhthe khchr urbud che krbht`e`e t`chk sbduh c`sbrth` cbelhe pbe`elkhthe khchr hshd urht. ]be`elkhthe khchr hshd urht yhel c`sbrth` cbelhe pbe`elkhthe khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k c`sbohokhe fibn, s`etbs`s pur`e obribo`n chihd tuoun, hsuphe dhkhehe c`bt t`ell` prftb`e, kfesuds` foht-fohthe yhel chpht dbe`elkhtkhe zht dbthofi`sdb, lhelluhe l`eghi chihd prfsbs pbelbiuhrhe zht s`sh dbthofi`sdb che kbt`chksb`dohelhe

Q`dpuihe Obrchshrkhe nhs`i pbdbr`kshhe khchr hshd urht, urbd che krbht`e`e phch 1: phs`be pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k chpht c`s`dpuikhe ohnwh nhs`i  pbdbr`kshhe  pbdbr`ksh he khchr hshd urht efrdhi sboheyhk :3,0% hthu ?2 phs`be che khchr hshd urht c` hths efrdhi sboheyhk 1=,2% hthu 88 phs`be. Nhs`i pbdbr`kshhe khchr urbud efrdhi sboheyhk =% che khchr urbud c` hths efrdhi sboheyhk 8==% hthu 1: phs`be. Nhs`i pbdbr`kshhe khchr krbht`e`e efrdhi sboheyhk =% che krbht`e`e c` hths efrdhi sboheyhk 8==% hthu 1: phs`be. Sbrchpht nuouelhe yhel  obrdhkeh hethrh khchr hshd urht tbrnhchp khchr urbud che krbht`e`e phch  pbecbr`th lhlhi l`eghi krfe`k dbelluehkhe ug` spbhrdhe c`pbrfibn e`ih` p4=,=?? (p9=,=2) che p4=,=3< (p9=,=2).

 prfcuks` che bkskrbs` chr` zht s`sh dbthofi`sdb (hshd urht, urbud che krbht`e`e). ]be`elkhthe khchr urbud che krbht`e`e chihd chrhn, tbthp` t`chk c`sbrth` cbelhe pbe`elkhthe khchr hshd urht hthu khchr hshd urht dhs`n efrdhi. Nhi tbrsbout chpht tbrghc`, khrbeh phs`be yhel dbd`i`k` khchr hshd urht efrdhi dbrbkh dhdpu dbeghlh pfih dhkhe yhel oh`k, sbrth prfcuks` che bkskrbs` hshd urht chihd tuoun sb`dohel, tbthp`  prfcuks` che bkskrbs` zht urbh che krbht`e`e t`chk sb`dohel (Quryhwhe cck, ?=8:).  Obrchshrkhe ug` stht`st`k dbelluehkhe

ug`

spbhrdhe

Rahphe Sbr`dh Khs`n ]beui`s dbeluahpkhe tbr`dh khs`n kbphch 7 8.  @ou Hecr` Qukbks`, QKD,D.Q`, sbihku  pbdo`do`el @ yhel tbihn dbiuhelkhe dbiuhelkhe whktu, tbehlh che p`k`rhe uetuk

nhs`i

dbdo`do`el

<

che

dbelhrhnkhe

 

nttp7//rbpfs`tfry.ue`dus.ha.`c

 pbeui`s chihd dbeyusue tulhs hkn`r `e` che gulh sbihku kbtuh prflrhd stuc` C@Z Hehi`s Kbsbnhthe. Kbsbnhthe. ?.  @ou J`tr` Eurf`e`, D.Qa, sbihku  pbdo`do`el @@ yhel sbihiu

\frtdhee, _I. ?==0. Lfut hec  Nypbrur`abd`h  Nypbrur`a bd`h,, chihd J`rbstb`e LQ, ckk.  ckk.  > tn bc . ]n`ihcbipn`h7 Qhuecbrs. ]rhehth, ]O. ?=8?. Nuouelhe Khchr Hshd Rrht chihd Chrhn phch

dbelhrhnkhe pbeui`s chihd dbeybibsh`khe dbeybibsh `khe tulhs hkn`r `e`. 1.  @ou Nbri`sh Hellrh`e`, QKD, D.Q`.Dbc, sbihku pbelug`. 3.  C`rbktur _udhn Qhk`t Kudhih Q`w` D`gbe Kucus yhel tbihn dbdobr`khe `g`e tbdpht uetuk pbebi`t`he. 2.  Ohphk che `ou tbra`eth, yhel tbihn dbdobr`khe o`do`elhe ehs`nht che cukuelhe oh`k sbahrh dfr`i dhupue dhtbr`i. :.  Qbduh tbdhe-tbdhe yhel t`chk chpht c`sboutkhe shtu pbrshtu tbr`dh khs`n hths sblhih ohetuhe che cukuelheeyh sbihdh pbeyusuehe tulhs hkn`r `e`.

]becbr`th ]beyhk`t Leghi Krfe`k cbelhe Kbghc`he Hrtr`t`s Lfut C` _QRC Cr.Dfbwhrc` Qurhkhrth. Qk`ps`. Qk`ps`.   Jhkuiths Kbcfktbrhe Re`vbrs`ths Dunhddhc`yhn Qurhkhrth. ]rhshst`, Q]. ?==0. ]belhrun ]bdobr`he Hiifpur`efi Sbrnhchp ]bruohnhe khchr Hshd Rrht ]beyhk`t L`eghi Krfe`k cbelhe N`pbrur`sbd`h. N`pbrur`sbd`h. Qkr`ps`. Re`vbrs`ths H`rihellh. ]r`ab, Q. H che \`isfe, I. D. ?=8?.  ]htfj`s`fifl` Kfesbp Ki`e`s  ]rfsbs-]rfsbs  ]rfsbs-]rf sbs ]beyhk`t. ]beyhk`t. Ghkhrth  Ghkhrth 7 BLA. _hndhwht`, J. ?=8>. Hspbk ihofrhtfr`ud Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`k. Gurehi Krfe`k.  Gurehi  @id`hn Kbcfktbrhe \`ghyh Kusudh. : (8) 7 83-??.  83-??.  _fnhyht`. ?=83. Kfrbihs` Khchr Luih Chrhn Sbrnhchp khchr Rrbud che Krbht`e`e phch ]becbr`th c`hobtbs Dbii`tus t`pb ? c` _QRC Orbobs. Qkr`ps` Qkr`ps`.. Re`vbrs`ths Dunhddhc`yhn Qbdhrhel. Q`iobrehli che Ihel. ?=8?. Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`s 7 Lhelluhe Juels`, Chihd 7 Sbks & Htihs Obrwhreh ]htfj`s`fifl`. ]htfj`s`fifl`. Ghkhrth 7 BLA. Qfbrfsf, Gfbwfef che Nhj`c Hilr`st`he. ?=88.  Hshd Rrht. Ghkhrth 7 ]bebohr ]ius. Quryhwhe, ckk. ?=8:. Lhdohrhe Khchr Rrbud che Krbht`e`e sbrud phch  phs`be Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`s yhel Dbeghihe` Sbrhp` Nbdfc`hi`s`s c` _QRC Qheg`whe` L`heyhr. Dbc`tfry L`heyhr. Dbc`tfry.. 3 (?) 7 832821. Quw`trh, K. ?==0.  ]LK chihd 7  Ouku Hghr @idu ]beyhk`t ]beyhk`t Chihd G`i`c @@.  Bc`s` 2. Ghkhrth 2. Ghkhrth 7 @etbreh puoi`sn`el. Sfussh`et, E. ?=8?. Qarbbe`el jfr bhriy anrfe`a k`ceby c`sbhsb. c`sbhsb. Hustrhi`h7 Qhuecbr. Zbrc`heshn. ?=8:. ]bdbr`kshhe Juels` L`eghi. ]rhkt`s. L`eghi. ]rhkt`s. 31 (?) 7 83>-823.

_bjbrbes` Ohynhkk`. ?=8?. Qhr` Hsun  Kbpbrhwhthe Ki`be Lhlhi L`eghi Krfe`k.  Krfe`k.  Ghkhrth 7 BLA. C`heht`, E.H. ?=82. Lfut hec Nypbrur`abd`h.  Gurehi Dhgfr`ty.  Dhgfr`ty.  3 (1) 7 >?->0. Bcduec, I. ?=8=. Ai`e`ahi anbd`stry hec dfibauihr c`hlefs`s. 3tn bc.   K`ceby jueat`fe tbsts. Hdbr`ah7 bc. Bisbv`br. Jrhek, A. ?=8=.  O`fdhrkbr  O`fdhrkbrss fj `dph`rbc rbehi jueat`fe. jueat`fe. \fitbrs Kiuwbr Nbhitn. Lfwch Q, ckk. ?=8=. ]bdbr`kshhe Juels` L`eghi.  Gurehi Hdbr`kh Rthrh tbethel @idu Kbcfktbrhe ? Kbcfktbrhe ? (3)7 8