Manual LEI Parte 1
Short Description
Descrição: Manual de introdução à Língua Estrangeira...
Description
UFCD 6957 Língua Inglesa – Informações acerca da vida quotidiana, compras, serviços e locais (Projeto N. !"#$$%&'!%'&'$
Formador: Sofa Cunha
UFCD 6957 - Língua Inglesa – Informações acerca da vida uo!diana" com#ras" serviços e locais
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UFCD 6957 - Língua Inglesa – Informações acerca da vida uo!diana" com#ras" serviços e locais
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$. O%&S "%'O!(%)'"&S
$.$. #aracteri* #aracteri*ação ação al como a #r,#ria denominaç/o indica" o m,dulo de Língua Inglesa – Informações acerca da vida uo!diana" uo!diana" com#ras com#ras"" serviços serviços e locais >asear-se-H >asear-se-H na e#lora e#loraç/o ç/o do voca>ulHri voca>ulHrio o >ase e as#e'os da gramH!ca inglesa #ara a #re#araç/o do formando na a>ordagem oral #rH!ca no mundo do dia-a-dia8 endo em con'a a universalidade da língua es'rangeira – InglJs" 'orna-se cada ve< mais im#or'an'e e fundamen'al dominar as es'ru'uras >ase e o voca>ulHrio essencial #ara ue os formandos se+am ca#aili'ações en're o ensino secundHrio e o ensino su#erior com con=ecimen'os de InglJs8
+. 3'EE%"3S &! F&'EWELLS +.$. K)IK* 8 Kood morning 8 Kood aernoon 8 Kood evening 8 Kood nig='
Formal
.3 MoA are NouO
.3 MoA do Nou doP
:3 Fine" '=anBs8 % &erN Aell8 % o' verN Aell" IQm afraid8
:3 MoA do Nou doP
"n4ormal
.3 MelloP MiP
+.+ F.)RLL* 8 Kood>Ne
8 *ee Nou la'er
8 :Ne- >Ne
8 *ee Nou 'omorroA
8 *ee Nou
$. Fill $. Fill in '=e ga#s" according 'o '=e con'e'8
&5 Mi" &5 Mi" Sane8 65 TTTTTTTTTTTT 65 TTTTTTTTTTTT ;iBe8
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E5 Kood E5 Kood aernoon" ;rs8 RalBer8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTP F5 Kood F5 Kood aernoon ;r8 ;r8 *mi'=8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTP
+./ I)DUCI* W7at8s 9our name: name: - ual V o 'eu nomeO % Como 'e c=amasO " am &nna. ;9 name is &nna8 &nna8 - u sou a .nna8 meu nome V .nna8
W7at8s 9our surname: – surname: – ual V o 'eu so>renomeO ;9 surname is Williams. – Williams. – meu so>renome V Rilliams8
icerigada%o " am sorr9 – sorr9 – descul#a8 E>cuse me – me – com licença%descul#e 0lease – 0lease – #or favor favor ?ou are @elcome – @elcome – de nada
$. )ead '=e folloAing and '=en #rac!ce Ai'= Nour #ar'ner8
ina3 ina3 Mello" mN name is ina8 R=a'Qs Nour nameO %om3 om3 MiP ;N name is om *'eAar'8 R=a'Qs Nour surnameO ina3 ina3 ;N surname is )ogers8 R=ere are Nou from omO %om3 om3 IQm from eA XorB8 R=a' a>ou' NouO ina3 ina3 I am from :os'on8 %om3 om3 ice 'o mee' Nou ina8 ina3 ina3 ice 'o mee' Nou 'oo8
&er> o :e – ser s er"" es'ar &Arma-e
eBa-e
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I am – IQm
I am no' – IQm no'
.m IO
Xou are – XouQre
Xou are no' – Xou arenQ'
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Me is – MeQs
Me is no' – Me isnQ'
Is =eO
*=e is – *=eQs
*=e is no' – *=e isnQ'
Is s=eO
I' is – I'Qs
I' is no' – I' isnQ'
Is i'O
Re are – ReQre
Re are no' – Re arenQ'
.re AeO
Xou are – XouQre
Xou are no' – Xou arenQ'
.re NouO
=eN are – =eNQre
=eN are no' – =eN arenQ'
.re '=eNO
+. )eAri'e +. )eAri'e '=e sen'ences in '=e3
aC neBa-e 4orm bC interroBa-e 4orm
-
;N name is aul8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
*=e is ;arN8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
Xou are So=n8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
=eN are or'uguese8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
I am nglis=8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
I' is mN dog8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
=a' is mN friend Soan8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT
-
Re are +ournalis's8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
I am a s'uden'8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
=eN are Aomen8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
I' is a #arro'8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT -
Me is a singer8
aY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT >Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTT
+.+ )U* 0ersonal 0ronouns SinBular
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We
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"t
ossessive ossessive .d+ec!ves" ronouns and >+ec' ronouns "
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/. )e#lace /. )e#lace '=e noun >N '=e correc' #ronoun8
a8
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>8 )oger oger and and ;agg ;aggie ie TTT TTTTTT TTTTT TTTTT TTTTTT TTTTT TT c8
Xour our fa'= fa'=er er TTTT TTTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TT
d8 So=n So=n and and I TTTT TTTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TT e8 ;N sis sis'e 'err TTTTT TTTTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT f8
;N =ou =ouse se TTT TTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT
g8
=e =e man man TTT TTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT
=8 ;rs8 ;rs8 urner urner TTT TTTTTT TTTTTT TTTTTT TTTTTT TTTTT i8
;r8 ;r8 *mi' *mi'= = and and I TTTT TTTTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TTTT TT
+8
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=. Com#le'e =. Com#le'e '=e sen'ences Ai'= '=e correc' #ossessive ad+ec!ves8 a8 Re are in TTTTTTT classroom8 >8 =eN are doing TTTTTTT =omeAorB8 c8 I am riding TTTTTTT >iBe8 >iBe8 d8 *=e is siZng in TTTTTTT car8 e8 Me is in TTTTTTT >edroom8 f8 Xou" #lease" o#en TTTTTTT >ooBs8 g8 *no##N is in TTTTTTT Bennel8 =8 =eN are near TTTTTTT sc=ool8
8 C=oose '=e correc' #ossessive #ossessive in eac= sen'ence8 8 :renda =as go' TTTTTTTTTTT >ooB8 aY mN
>Y =ers
cY '=eirs
8 *=eQs ea!ng =er lunc= alreadN" >u' IQm saving TTTTTTTTTTT for la'er8 aY mN
>Y mine
cY =er
8 Is TTTTTTTTTTT com#u'er AorBingO TTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTT isnQ'8 aY mN%Xour mN%Xour
>Y Nour%I's
cY Nour%;ine
8 Re gave '=em TTTTTTTTTTT #=one num>er" and '=eN gave us TTTTTTTTTTT8 aY our% our%'= '=ei eirr >Y >Y our our%' %'=e =eir irss
cY '=ei '=eir% r%ou ourr
. Com#le'e . Com#le'e '=e sen'ences8 a8
MiP ;N name name TTTTTT TTTTTTTT ;arN ;arN88 R=a' R=a' TTTTTTT TTTTTTT Nour nameO nameO
>8 I' TTTT TTTTTTT TTT So=n8 So=n8 I TTTT TTTTTTT TTT '=e neA #u#il8 #u#il8 c8
MiP MiP =is =is TTTT TTTTTTT TTT Caro Carol8 l8 .nd .nd NouO NouO R=o TTT TTTTTT TTTTT NouO NouO
d8 I TT TTTTTT TTTTTT *ar *araa=8 e8 MoA MoA TTT TTTTT TTTT TT Nou" ou" *ar *ara= a=OO f8
I TTTT TTTTTT TTTT Gne" Gne" '=an '=anBBs8
g8
R=o R=o TTT TTTTT TTTT TT '=eN '=eN"" ;ar ;arNO NO
=8 =eN TTTTT TTTTTTT TT ;iss ;iss Rilson Rilson and and ;r8 ;r8 :roAn" :roAn" our our 'eac=e 'eac=ers8 rs8
G. Rri'e G. Rri'e '=e sen'ences" ordering '=e Aords8 a8
a % am % 8 % 'eac=er % I
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name % is % O % Nour % e'er e'er
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d8
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=8 >oNs >oNs and girls girls % 8 % are %'=eN %'=eN
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+8
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H. Fill H. Fill in '=e ga#s Ai'= '=e correc' #ronoun8
I. )e#lace '=e #ersonal #ronouns >N #ossessive #ronouns8 a.
=is >ooB is [NouY yours8
b. =e >all is [IY TTTTTTTTTTTTTT8 c.
=e >lue car is [AeY TTTTTTTTTTTTTT8
d. =e ring is [s=eY TTTTTTTTTTTTTT8 e.
Re me' aul and Sane las' nig='8 =is =ouse is ['=eNY TTTTTTTTTTTTTT8
4.
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B.
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.
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$$. C=ange $$. C=ange eac= sen'ence so '=a' i' uses a #ossessive #ronoun ins'ead ins'ead of a #ossessive ad+ec!ve8 ad+ec!ve8 e8g8 "This is their book." >ecomes >ecomes "This book is theirs." =is is mN #en8
=is #en is mine8
$. =a' is Nour >ooB8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT +. =ose are =is s=oes8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT /. =a' is =er +o>8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT =. =ese are '=eir #encils8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
$+. $+. Fill in '=e ga#s Ai'=
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41
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91
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211
ne =undred
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212
ne =undred and one
212
ne =undred and Grs'
212s'
2111
ne '=ousand
2111
ne '=ousand'=
2111'=
281118111
ne million
281118111
ne million'=
281118111'=
e.g. 609442 – six, oh, nine, double four, four, two 722258 – seven, two, double two, ve, eight or seven, double two, two, ve, eight
oA" 'ell Nour #=one num>ers 'o Nour classma'esQ and Ari'e '=eirs doAn8
Com#le'e '=e lis'8 C.)DI.L U;:) on e
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)DI.L U;:)
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for'N GN nine'N
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one =undred'=
!a9s o4 t7e @eek ;onda9
Januar9
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&uBust
;arc7
September
%7ursda9
&pril
October
Frida9
;a9
oember
Saturda9
June
!ecember
Wednesda9
;ont7s Jul9
Sunda9
&5 R=enQs &5 R=enQs Nour >ir'=daNO
&5 MoA &5 MoA old are NouO
65 ;N 65 ;N >ir'=daN is in ovem>er in ovem>er on '=e on '=e Grs'8
65 I 65 I am $9 Nears old8
$. Rri'e $. Rri'e ues!on and ansAer8 !ate 20'= $rd 5'= $nd
;ont7 SanuarN F ; S
ame :en Carol *usan ;ic=ael
!ate 26'= $$nd 7'= $6'=
;ont7 S . * D
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;ake 9esus" >ecause I AorrN a>ou' '=e environmen'8 I s'ar's AorB a' nine oQclocB am8 I AorBs in a LaANersQ ojce as a secre'arN in doAn'oAn ;an=a@an8 I goes 'o lunc= Ai'= mN friends on a res'auran'e neare '=e ojce a' =alf 'o one8 I alAaNs =as '=e dailN s#ecial8 :u' during '=e AeeBend I alAaNs cooBes =eal'=N meals for me and mN familN8 =en I goes >acB 'o AorB from uar'er #as' 'Ao 'o si oQclocB #m8 I goes >acB =ome on >us" again" and I does some of '=e =ouse=old c=ores liBe ironing" dus!ng" vacuuming and I cooBes dinner 'oo8 ;N =us>and come >acB from AorB a' around =alf 'o seven8 =en =e does a s=oAerr and Ae =as diner all 'oge'=er8 R=en '=eN Gnis=es dinner" Ae goes 'o '=e living-rom and Aa'c=es & for a A=ile8 .' around =alf 'o 'en Ae goes for a AalB around '=e neig=>or=ood" and '=en Ae goes 'o >ed a' eleven oQclocB #m8
Form o4 t7e Simple 0ast
&er> o :e – ser" es'ar &Arma-e
eBa-e
"nterroBa-e
I Aas
I Aas no' – I AasnQ'
Ras IO
Xou Aere
Xou Aere no' – Xou AerenQ'
Rere NouO
Me Aas
Me Aere no' – Me AasnQ'
Ras =eO
*=e Aas
*=e Aas no' – *=e AasnQ'
Ras s=eO
I' Aas
I' Aas no' – I' AerenQ'
Ras i'O
Re Aere
Re Aere no' – Re AerenQ'
Rere AeO
Xou Aere
Xou Aere no' – Xou AerenQ'
Rere NouO
=eN Aere
=eN Aere no' – =eN AerenQ'
Rere '=eNO
- Ai'= regular ver>s3 inVni-e inVni-e 2ed - Ai'= irregular ver>s3 +nd column of '=e 'a>le of '=e irregular ver>s
&Arma-e sentences5 reBular erbs
irreBular erbs
I pla9ed f pla9ed fo oo'>all8
I @ent 'o @ent 'o '=e cinema8
Re isited . isited .llasBa las' Near8
Re @ere in @ere in )ome Nes'erdaN8
eBa-e sentences5
.lAaNs use '=e auiliarN did [*im#le did [*im#le as' of 'o doY for nega!ons8
I
pla9ed
foo'>all8
I
didnTt
pla9
foo'>all8
Me
didnTt
pla9
foo'>all8
ues-ons5
Use '=e auiliarN did [*im#le did [*im#le as' of 'o doY8 !id Nou !id Nou pla9 foo'>allO pla9 foo'>allO
I
pla9ed
foo'>all8
!id
I
pla9
foo'>all8
!id
=e
pla9
foo'>all8
E>cep-ons in SpellinB @7en &ddinB Xed8
ce#!ons in s#elling A=en adding ed aer a Gnal e onlN add d Gnal
consonan'
am#le love – loved
aer
a
s=or'"
s'ressed
voAel admi'
–
or l as as Gnal consonan' aer a voAel is dou>led
'ravel – 'ravelled
Gnal y aer aer a consonan' >ecomes i
=urrN – =urried
admi3ed
%7ere can also be some irreBular erbs 4ollo@inB a similar paYern3 paYern 3
6ase Form
0ast Simple
0ast 0ar-ciple
:urn
:urn'%:urned
:urn'%:urned
Cla#
Cla##ed%Cla#'
Cla##ed%Cla#'
Dream
Dream'%Dreamed
Dream'%Dreamed
\neel
\nel'%\neeled
\nel'%\neeled
Lean
Lean'%Leaned
Lean'%Leaned
Lea#
Lea#'%Lea#ed
Lea#'%Lea#ed
*mell
*mel'%*melled
*mel'%*melled
*#ell
*#el'%*#elled
*#el'%*#elled
*#ill
*#il'%*#illed
*#il'%*#illed
*#oil
*#oil'%*#oiled
*#oil'%*#oiled
*'ri#
*'ri#'%*'ri##ed
*'ri#'%*'ri##ed
*un>urn
*un>urned%*un>urn'
*un>urned%*un>urn'
*Aee#
*Ae#'%*Aee#ed
*Ae#'%*Aee#ed
&e
&e'%&eed
&e'%&eed
R=en '=e ver> ends in consonant consonant o@el o@el consonant" consonant" Nou =ave 'o dou>le '=e las' consonan' and '=en add ked kedkk 'o maBe '=e as' *im#le8 If Nou =ave a ver> Ai'= more '=an one sNlla>le" Nou onlN dou>le '=e consonan' if '=e las' sNlla>le is stressed8 stressed 8 In 6ri-s7 EnBlis7 '=e EnBlis7 '=e Gnal klk is dou>led" even if '=e las' sNlla>le is no' s'ressed8 If '=e las' le@er is k> k >k" Nou do no' dou>le i' >ecause an k> k>k is in fac' 'Ao consonan' kks kksk8 k8 If '=e las' le@er is kc k ck" Nou Ari'e kck kckkk ins'ead of kcck8 f course '=ese rules onlN a##lN 'o regular ver>s8
If '=e ver> ends Ai'= an e '=a '=a'' isnQ isnQ'' #ron #ronounce ounced d [as in bake or sileY" '=en Nou need 'o dro# '=is Gnal !e>efore adding !ed and and !ing3 ver>
#as' 'ense
bake
>aBed
smile
smiled
If '=e ver> ends Ai'= a voAel #lus !l [as [as in trael or or e#ual Y" Y" '=en Nou need 'o dou>le '=e l >efore >efore adding !ed and and -ing in :ri!s= nglis=3 ver>
#as' 'ense
trael
'ravelled
dis-l
dis!lled
eUual
eualled
%7is rule doesn8t appl9 in &merican EnBlis7. If '=e ver> ends Ai'= a single voAel #lus a consonan'" and '=e s'ress s'ress is a' '=e end of '=e Aord [e8g8 re$er Y" Y" '=en Nou need 'o dou>le '=e Gnal consonan' >efore adding !ed and and %ing3 ver>
#as' 'ense
admit
admi@ed
commit
commi@ed
re4er
referred
If '=e ver> ends Ai'= a voAel #lus a consonan' and '=e s'ress is not not a' a' '=e end of '=e Aord" Nou donQ' need 'o dou>le '=e Gnal consonan' A=en adding !ed and and !ing3 ver>
#as' 'ense
in7erit
in=eri'ed
tarBet
'arge'ed
isit
visi'ed
If '=e ver> =as onlN one sNlla>le and ends Ai'= a single voAel #lus a consonan' [e8g8 stopY" '=en Nou need 'o dou>le '=e Gnal consonan' >efore adding !ed and and !ing3 ver>
#as' 'ense
stop
s'o##ed
tap
'a##ed
sob
so>>ed
If '=e ver> ends Ai'= 'Ao voAels #lus a consonan'" Nou s=ould generallN not not dou>le dou>le '=e Gnal consonan'3 ver>
#as' 'ense
treat
'rea'ed
@7eel
A=eeled
pour
#oured
If '=e ver> ends in !c [e8g8 panicY" Nou need 'o add a !k >efore >efore adding !ed and and !ing" and also !er. ver>
#as' 'ense
picnic
#icnicBed
mimic
mimicBed
traAc
'rajcBed
donTt double i4 t7e erb Vnis7es @it7 an Z>Z or Z@Z 'o G - Ged 'o mi - mied 'o endoA - endoAed 'o >oA - >oAed
e>cep-ons [stress not on t7e last s9llable, but double an9@a9C 'o Aors=i# - Aors=i##ed 'o Bidna# - Bidna##ed
E>ercise Was or Were: &.
Com#le'e '=e sen'ences Ai'= was or were8
$.
I TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT =a##N8 =a##N8
+.
Xou TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT angrN8
/.
*=e TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT in London las' AeeB8
=.
Me TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT on =olidaN8
.
I' TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT cold8
.
Re TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT a' sc=ool8
G.
Xou TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT a' '=e cinema8
H.
=eN TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT a' =ome8
I.
=e ca' TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT on '=e roof8
$K.
=e c=ildren TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT in '=e garden8 garden8
6.
Rri'e #osi!ve sen'ences in sim#le #as'8
$.
=e % '=e ues!on % ansAer TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTT
+.
Nou % a ues!on % asB
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/.
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TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
=.
'=eN % us % call
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.
Ae % a moun'ain % clim>
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.
So=n % s'am#s % collec'
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
G.
Ae % in London % live
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H.
I % =ungrN % >e
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I.
'=eN % a =ams'er =ams'er % =ave
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$K.
=e % 'o sc=ool % go
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#.
)eAri'e '=e sen'ences in '=e nega!ve8
$.
=eN collec'ed #os'cards8 #os'cards8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TT
+.
Xou +um#ed =ig=8
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TT
/.
.l>er' #laNed suas=8
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
=.
=e 'eac=er 'es'ed our nglis=8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
.
Fiona visi'ed =er grandma8 grandma8 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTT
.
Me Aas=ed '=e car8 car8
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTT
G.
Xou Aere '=irs'N '=irs'N88
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTT
H.
Me =ad a com#u'er8 com#u'er8
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
I.
I >oug=' >read8
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTT
$K.
Xou saA '=e =ouse8
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!.
Rri'e ues!ons in sim#le #as'8
$. .nna % '=e AindoA % o#en TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT +. s=e % =ome % AalB
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
/. Nou % in '=e garden % AorB TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TT =. Nou % a song % sing
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTT
. s=e % on a c=air % si'
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTT
. Nou % '=e cas'le % visi'
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTT
G. SennN % '=e door % locB
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTT
H. s=e % =a##N % >e
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I. Kreg % '=e >all % BicB
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$K.
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E.
u' '=e ver>s in'o '=e correc' form [sim#le #as'Y8
$.
Las' Near I [s#endY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT mN =olidaN in Ireland8
+.
I' [>eY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT grea'8
/.
I ['ravelY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT around >N car Ai'= 'Ao friends and Ae [visi'Y TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT lo's of in'eres!ng #laces8
=.
In '=e evenings Ae usuallN [goY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT 'o a #u>8
.
ne nig=' Ae even [learnY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT some Iris= dances8
.
Re [>eY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT verN lucBN Ai'= '=e Aea'=er8
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:u' Ae [seeY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT some >eau!ful rain>oAs8 rain>oAs8
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R=ere [s#end % NouY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT Nour las' =olidaNO
F.
Com#le'e '=e folloAing 'e' Ai'= '=e ver>s in >racBe's in '=e *im#le as' ense. ense .
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#laNs8 =ere TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [>eY no female ac'ors in '=ose daNs" all '=e female #ar's TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [>eY TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [#laNY >N >oNs8 I' is '=oug=' '=a' =e TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [Ari'eY =is Grs' ma+or #laN" #laN" MenrN &I8" ar' ne" in 259$8 Mis mos' famous #laN" Mamle'" TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [>eY #ro>a>lN Grs' seen in 2612 a' '=e Klo>e =ea're8 *=aBes#eare TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [con!nueY 'o Ari'e a>ou' $ #laNs a Near8 Me TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [re'urnY 'o *'ra *'raord ord in 262$" A=ere =e TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [liveY '=e life life of a coun'rN gen'leman8 gen'leman8 Me TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT [dieY of a fever on =is >ir'=daN in 26268
3. Inser' 3. Inser' '=e ver> in '=e correc' #lace in '=e as' *im#le ense8 28 =eN some'=ing 'o drinB8 to order
$8 Las' summer I 'o *'u@gar'8 to go
8 *=e =er =omeAorB in '=e aernoon8 to do
08 Me 'o 218 to *ount 58 ur ca' a >ig mouse8 to *at*h
68 In $112 our class a 'ri# 'o orAic=8 to #a$e
78 =e Aea'=er reallN nice8 to be
48 =e secre'arN '=e Gle Nes'erdaN8 to delete
98 aul no'=ing 'o me8 to sa-
218 =e #eo#le some'=ing 'o eac= o'=er8 to whis&er
D. Rri'e D. Rri'e '=e ver>s in >racBe's in '=e as' *im#le ense8 $.
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=.
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.
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.
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Xes'erdaN Ae all 888888888888888'o '=e cinema 'o Aa'c= a nice comedN
a8 Aen' H.
c8 unders'ood" Aere
>8 Aeren'
c8 Aasn'
Las' Near Ae8888888888888'o I'alN and 888888888888manN famous #laces8
a8 go" visi'
>8 goed" visi'ed
c8 Aen'" visi'ed
$K. 888888888s=e 888888888'=is >eau!ful dress in LondonO a8 does8888888>uN
>8 did8888>uN
c8 did88888>oug='
0L('&LS
'eBular 0lurals For mos' nouns" '=e general rule for maBing '=e Aord #lural is3
. I$ the word ends in s& & ch or sh& add an "es" (less ) es * bless es
:o es >oes >oes
ca'c= es ca'c=es ca'c=es
Dis= es dis=es dis=es
. I$ the word ends in a consonant +all le,ers ecept a& e& i& o& u- ) y& then change the "y" to an "i" and ad the le,ers "es"
:a>N :a>ies :a>ies
CandN candies candies
. or all other non!irregular nouns& siply add an "s" to the end o$ the word
Ca' ca's ca's
Dog dogs dogs
\id Bids Bids
"rreBular 0lurals . (nc7anBinB ouns Deer is kdeerk A=e'=er singular or #lural Fis= is kGs=k A=e'=er singular or #lural :ison is k>isonk A=e'=er singular or #lural ;oose is kmoosek A=e'=er singular or #lural lB is kelBk A=e'=er singular or #lural8
. Ot7er "rreBular 0lurals . or words that end in "$e" or /$0 you change the le,er "$" to the le,er "" and then add "s"
\nife Bnies Bnies
Rife Aies Aies
Malf =ales =ales
Loaf loaes loaes
. or words that end in "us&" change the "us" to an "i"
*Nlla>us sNalla>i sNalla> i 8 or words that end in "o" add "es" oma'o 'oma'oes 'oma'oes
. Words t7at #7anBe Form ;en 'o man erson 'o #ersons%#eo#le oo'= 'o 'ee'= Koose 'o geese
For some @ords endinB in 4, c7anBe t7e 4 to a
Do@eer, 4or some @ords endinB in 4, ust add 2s
and add 2es *ingular =alf loaf
lural =alves loaves
*ingular c=ef clib
lural c=efs clibs
elf leaf self s=elf '=ief Aolf
elves leaves selves s=elves '=ieves Aolves
ref refs roof roofs =e #lural of some nouns ending in f can >e s#el' using ei'=er varia!on8
For some nouns endinB in i4e, c7anBe t7e 4 to a
For common nouns t7at end @it7 consonant P 9,
and t7en add 2s
c7anBe t7e 9 to an i and t7en add 2es *ingular lural #o##N #o##ies N ies #ennN #ennies s#N s#ies na##N na##ies s'N s!es
*ingular Aife life Bnife
lural Aives lives Bnives
For some nouns are t7e same in bot7 sinBular and
For some nouns, c7anBe ot7er leYers or ust
plural 4rom
c7anBe t7e @ord completel9] *ingular lural #erson #eo#le c=ild c=ildren o oen foo' fee' 'oo'= 'ee'= goose geese mouse mice louse lice
*ingular Gs= s=ee# deer 'una salmon 'rou' means series
lural Gs= s=ee# deer 'una salmon 'rou' means series
moose
moose
man
men
E3L"SD &! &;E'"#& E3L"SD S0ELL"3 Mere are '=e #rinci#al diberences in s#elling >e'Aeen nglis= and .merican nglis=8
Final 2l is al@a9s doubled a^er one o@el in stressed and unstressed s9llables in EnBlis7 but usuall9 onl9 in stressed s9llables in &merican EnBlis7, 4or e>ample5 Some @ords end in 2tre in EnBlis7 and 2ter in &merican EnBlis7, 4or e>ample5
6ri-s ri-s7 7 EnB EnBli liss7 rebel rebel re>elled travel travel 'ravelled cen're '=ea're
&me &meric rican EnBl EnBlis is7 7 rebel rebel - re>elled travel travel - 'raveled
cen'er '=ea'er
Some @ords end in 2oBue in EnBlis7 and 2oB in &merican EnBlis7, 4or e>ample5 Some @ords end in 2our in EnBlis7 and 2or in &merican EnBlis7, 4or e>ample5 Some erbs end in 2i*e or 2ise in EnBlis7 but onl9 in 2i*e in &merican EnBlis7, 4or e>ample5
analogue ca'alogue colour la>our realise" realie '=e same '=ing8 MereQs a lis' of various :ri!s= Aords and e#ressions 'oge'=er Ai'= '=eir .merican euivalen's8
:ri!s= nglis=
.merican nglis=
accommoda-on
accommoda!ons
aero4oil
airfoil
aeroplane
air#lane
aluminium
:ri!s= nglis=
.merican nglis=
car #arB
#arBing lo'
c=emis'
drugs'ore
c=i#s
Frenc= fries
aluminum
auberBine
egg#lan'
cinema
movie '= '=ea'er] movies
bakinB tra9
cooBie s=ee'
cling Glm
#las!c Ara#
beetroot
>ee'[sY
bill
c=ecB
cornour
corns'arc=
biscuit
cooBie] cracBer
cos [le,uceY
)omaine
black econom9
underground economN
co'
cri>
blanket bat7
s#onge >a'=
blind
[AindoAY s=ade
block o4 _ats
a#ar'men' >uilding
boiler suit
coveralls
bonnet [of a *ar C
=ood
courge@e
oAling
crocodile
alliga'or
braces
sus#enders
current account
c=ecBing accoun'
annel
Aas=clo'=
a'
a#ar'men'
icB Bnife
sAi'c=>lade
diamante
r=ines'one
Nover
over#ass
double cream
=eavN cream
foo'>all
soccer
foo'AaN
sideAalB
fringe [hair Y
>angs
dressinB Bo@n
ro>e] >a'=ro>e
drink2driinB
drunB driving
punctua2onfull s'o# [ punctua2on-
#eriod
drinks cupboard
liuor ca>ine'
garden
Nard] laAn
drinks part9
cocB'ail #ar'N
driinB licence
driverQs license
dumm9 [ for for a bab- C
#aciGer
grease#roof #a#er
Aa
'=e '=
#a#er%Aaed
#a#er dustbin
gar>age can
grill [nounY
>roiler
eart7 [ele*tri*al C
ground
grill [erbY
>roil
enBaBed [of a &honeC
>usN
ground oor
Grs' oor
estate aBent
real es'a'e agen'" real'or +tradeark Y
groundsman
groundsBee#er
estate car
s'a!on Aagon
=airslide
>arre@e
Vrst _oor
second oor
=en nig='
>ac=elore@e #ar'N
Vnancial 9ear
Gscal Near
Vre briBadeaggage car
maiile #=one
cell #=one
mo'orAaN
e#ressAaN] =ig=AaN
mum%mummN
mom%mommN
na##N
dia#er
neAsreader
neAscas'er
7omel9
=omeN
ice loll9
o#sicle +tradeark Y
indicator [on a *ar C
'urn signal
ell9 babies babies
+ellN >eans
umper
sAea'er
unior sc7ool
elemen'arN sc=ool
kennel
dog=ouse
lad9bird
ladN>ug
num>er #la'e
license #la'e
a leYuce
a =ead of le@uce
ob-licence
liuor s'ore] #acBage s'ore
leel crossinB
grade crossing
li^
eleva'or
loll9
o#sicle +tradeark Y
loo [toilet C
+o=n
lorr9
'rucB
pedestrian crossinB
#a!ence
soli'aire
#avemen'
sideAalB
#e'rol
gas] gasoline
regis'ra!on #l #la'e
license #l #la'e
crossAalB
p79siot7erap9
#=Nsical '=era#N
pina4ore dress
+um#er
reversing rever sing lig='s
>acB-u# >acB -u# lig='s
plain c7ocolate
darB c=ocola'e
rig='-angled 'riangle
rig=' 'riangle
plain _our
all-#ur#ose our
ring road
>el'AaN
polo neck
'ur'lenecB rounda>ou' +at a $air Y
carousel
rounda>ou' [in road-
'rajc circle
postbo>
mail>o
roAing >oa'
roA>oa'
postcode
oa'
sail>oa'
potato crisp
#o'a'o c=i# sand#i'
sand>o
sandAic= caBe
laNer caBe
sani'arN 'oAel
sani'arN na#Bin
s=o##ing 'rolleN
s=o##ing car'
pram
>a>N carriage] s'roller
public sc7ool
#riva'ee sc=ool #riva'
public transport
#u>lic 'rans#or'a!on
punc7baB
#unc=ing >ag
pus7c7air
s'roller
Uueue
line
sBimmed milB
sBim milB
racinB car
race car
sBi##ing ro#e
+um# ro#e
rail@a9
railroad
real tennis
cour' 'ennis
sledge
sled
recorded delier9
cer!Ged mail
solicitor
laANer
unaliBe
unliBe
so9aean
splas7back
>acBs#las=
underground
su>AaN
ves'
unders=ir'
starter
a##e!lic sc=ool
Aais'coa'
ves'
Aardro>e
close'
Aa'er ice
I'alian ice
s@eet[sC
candN
food C takea@a9 [ food
'aBeou'] 'o go
A=i'e cobee
cobee Ai'= cream
ta>i rank
'ai s'and
A=i'e s#iri'
mineral s#iri's
tea to@el
dis= 'oAel
A=olemeal >read
A=oleA=ea' >read
terrace 7ouse
roA =ouse
Aindc=ea'er
Aind>reaBer
Aindscreen
Ainds=ield
Aing [o$ a car Y
fender
ra crossing
crossAalB
ig 'ree in t7e middle o4 t7e Barden8 Barden 8
at
on
Me is in to@n8 to@n8 I =ave 'o s'aN in bed8 bed8 =e ro>>er is in prison noA8 prison noA8 *=e si's at t7e desk8 desk8 =e >us s'o#s at 3ra*. I s'aN at m9 Brandmot7erTs8 Brandmot7erTs8 I s'and at t7e door8 door8 LooB at t7e top o4 t7e paBe8 paBe8 =e car s'ands at t7e end o4 t7e street 8 Can Ae mee' at t7e corner o4 t7e streetO street O I me' So=n at a part98 part98 a' Aasn' at 7ome Nes'erdaN8 7ome Nes'erdaN8 I s'udN economics at uniersit98 uniersit98 =e c=ilden are at Bandmot7erTs8 Bandmot7erTs8 Mes looBing at t7e park8 park8 Me alAaNs arrives la'e at sc7ool8 sc7ool8 =e ma# lies on t7e desk8 desk8 =e #ic'ure is on paBe $K8 $K8 =e #=o'o =angs on t7e @all8 @all8 Me lives on a 4arm8 4arm8 Dresden lies on t7e rier Elbe8 Elbe8 ;ens clo'=es are on t7e second _oor8 _oor8 =e s=o# is on t7e le^8 le^8 ;N friend is on t7e @a9 'o @a9 'o ;oscoA8 Rri'e '=is informa!on on t7e 4ront o4 t7e leYer8 leYer 8
he &re&osi1ons at, on, and in Re use Re use
at 'o s=oA a s#eciGc #lace or #osi!on8
or eaple4
*omeone is at '=e at '=e door8 =eN are Aai!ng at '=e at '=e >us s'o#8 I used 'o live at 52 at 52 or'land *'ree'8 Ri'= #laces3 a' '=e >us-s'o# a' '=e door a' '=e cinema a' '=e end of '=e s'ree' Ri'= #laces on a #age3 a' '=e 'o# of '=e #age a' '=e >o@om of '=e #age Ri'= grou#s of #eo#le3 a' '=e >acB of '=e class a' '=e fron' of '=e class
on 'o s=oA #osi!on on a =orile Ri'= small islands3 I s'aNed on *N#ris8 Ri'= direc!ons3 on '=e le on '=e rig=' s'raig=' s'raig=' on
in '=e Aa'er in '=e sea in a river Ri'= lines3 in a roA % in a line in a ueue
Re use
in 'o s=oA '=a' some'=ing is enclosed or
";0O'%&% O%ES "n < at < on t7e corner Re saN in '=e corner of a room" >u' a' '=e corner [or on '=e cornerY of a s'ree' "n < at < on t7e 4ront Re saN in '=e fron' % in '=e >acB of a car Re saN a' '=e fron' % a' '=e >acB of >uildings % grou#s of #eo#le Re saN on '=e fron' % on '=e >acB of a #iece of #a#er
surrounded8 or eaple4
=e dog is in '=e garden8 *=e is in a 'ai8 u' i' in '=e >o8 Re also use in 'o in 'o s=oA #osi!on Ai'=in land-areas ['oAns" coun!es" s'a'es" coun'ries and con!nen'sY8 or eaple4
I used 'o live in oZng=am8 Ri'= s#aces3 in a room % in a >uilding in a garden % in a #arB Ri'= >odies of Aa'er3
0reposi-ons o4 place and direc-on 0reposi-on aboe across
(se
E>amples
=ig=er '=an some'=ing
=e #ic'ure =angs aboe mN >ed8
from one side 'o '=e o'=er side
a^er
one folloAs '=e o'=er
aBainst alonB amonB around be7ind belo@ beside bet@een b9 close to do@n
direc'ed 'oAards some'=ing
Xou mus'n' go across '=is across '=is road =ere8 =ere isn' a >ridge across '=e across '=e river8 =e ca' ran a^er '=e a^er '=e dog8 &^er Nou8 &^er Nou8 =e >ird eA aBainst '=e aBainst '=e AindoA8
in a line] from one #o #oin' 'o an ano'=er
=eNre Aa AalBing alonB '=e alonB '=e >eac=8
in a grou#
I liBe >eing amonB #eo#le8 amonB #eo#le8
in a circular AaN
Rere siZng around '=e around '=e cam#Gre8
a' '=e >acB of
ur =ouse is be7ind '=e be7ind '=e su#ermarBe'8
loAer '=an s'=8
Dea'= &alleN is 46 me'res belo@ sea belo@ sea level8
ne' 'o
ur =ouse is beside '=e su#ermarBe'8 su#ermarBe'8
*ome *ome'= '=in ingg or or som some> e>od odNN is is on on eac eac= = sid sidee
ur ur =ou =ouse se isbet@een is bet@een '=e '=e su#ermarBe' and '=e sc=ool8
near
Me lives in '=e =ouse b9 '=e river ri ver88
near
ur =ouse is close to '=e to '=e su#ermarBe'8 su#ermarBe'8
from =ig= 'o loA
Me came do@n '=e do@n '=e =ill8
4rom in 4ront o4 inside into near ne>t to o` onto opposite out o4 outside oer past round t7rouB7 to to@ards under up
'=e #lace A=ere i' s'ar's
Do Nou come 4rom oBNoO 4rom oBNoO
'=e '=e #ar #ar'' '=a '=a'' is is in in '=e '=e direc!o ec!on n i' i' fac faces es
ur =ouse ouse is in 4ront o4 '=e su#ermarBe'8 su#ermarBe'8
o##osi'e of ou'side
Xou s=ouldn' s'aN inside '=e inside '=e cas'le8
en'ering some'=ing
Xou s=ouldn' go into '=e into '=e cas'le8
close 'o
ur =ouse is near '=e near '=e su#ermarBe'8
>eside
ur =ouse is ne>t to '=e to '=e su#ermarBe'8 su#ermarBe'8
aAaN from s'=8
=e ca' +um#ed o` '=e '=e roof8
moving 'o a #lace
=e ca' +um#ed onto '=e onto '=e roof8
on '=e o'=er side
ur =ouse is opposite '=e opposite '=e su#ermarBe'8
leaving some'=ing or someA=ere
=e ca' +um#ed out o4 '=e '=e AindoA8
o##osi'e of inside
Can Nou Aai' outsideO outsideO
a>ove some'=ing
=e ca' +um#ed oer '=e oer '=e Aall8
going near some=ing or some>odN
Ko past '=e past '=e #os' ojce8
in a circle
Rere siZng round '=e round '=e cam#Gre8
goin goingg from from one one #oi #oin' n' 'o '=e '=e o'=e o'=err #oin #oin''
Xou s=o s=oul uldn dn' ' Aal AalBB t7rouB7 '=e t7rouB7 '=e fores'8
'oAards so some'=ing or some>odN
in '=e direc!on of some'=ing
I liBe going to .us'ralia8 to .us'ralia8 Can Nou come to meO to meO Ive never >een to .frica8 to .frica8 Re ran to@ards '=e to@ards '=e cas'le8
>eloA some'=ing
=e ca' is under '=e under '=e 'a>le8
from loA 'o =ig=
Me Aen' up '=e up '=e =ill8
!ES#'"6"3 0EO0LE DeiB7t
Me is 'all8
Me is s=or'8
Me is normal =eig='8
Me is ery 'all8
Me is #uite s=or'8
Me is rela2ely normal normal =eig='8
WeiB7t *=e is skinny 8 [nega!veY [nega!veY
*=e is $at 8 [nega!veY
*=e is anoreic8 [medicalY
*=e is tubby. [nega!veY
*=e is underweight 8 [nega!veY [nega!veY
*=e is oerweight 8 [nega!veY
*=e is thin8 [nega!veY
*=e is plup8 [neu'ralY
*=e is sli. [#osi!veY
*=e is stocky 8 [neu'ralY
*=e is slender 8 [#osi!veY
*=e is bonny 8 [#osi!veY
ote 2 i4 a man is 4at [especiall9 round t7e @aistC @e o^en sa9 7e 7as a beer bell9.
Dair
>londe%fair =air
>roAn =air
red =air
>lacB =air
greN =air
>londe
>rune@e
red=ead
-
-
E9es
greN eNes
green eNes
>lue eNes
>roAn eNes
darB eNes
ote 2 %7is is a black e9e]
%9pe o4 7air
*=e =as long =air8
*=e =as short Me =as no =air8 Me *=e =as ediu length =air8 =air8 is bald 8
*=e =as long" black =air8
*=e =as s=or'" black =air8
*=e =as long" straight " >lacB =air8
*=e =as s=or'" straight "
>lacB =air8 =air8
*=e =as ediu length =air8
*=e =as short =air8
-
*=e =as medium *=e =as medium leng'=" blonde =air8 leng'=" red =air8
*=e =as s=or'" blonde =air8
-
*=e =as medium leng'=" straight " >londe =air8
*=e =as s=or'" curly " >londe =air8
*=e =as medium leng'=" way " red =air8
Her hair is Her hair is long"
s=or'" s'raig=' and >lacB8 s'raig=' and >lacB8
Her hair is medium Her hair I smedium Her hair is s=or'" curlN leng'=" s'raig=' and leng'=" AavN and
-
>londe8
red8
and >londe8
*=e Aears glasses8
%9pe o4 comple>ion
Me is .sian8 Me =as lig='->roAn sBin8
*=e is >lacB8 *=e =as Me is A=i'e8 Me =as *=e is A=i'e8 *=e =as darB sBin8 fair sBin8 lig='lN 'anned sBin8
*=e is A=i'e8 *=e =as verN #ale sBin8
Ot7er 4eatures
mous'ac=e
>eard
c=in
fore=ead
nos'rils
eNe>roAs
c=eeBs
fringe
li#s
'ee'=
079sical c7aracteris-cs 'all
al'o % al'a
slim
elegan'e
fa'
gordo % gorda
Aell->uil'
>em co cons!'uído cons!'uída
overAeig='
o>eso % o>esa
s=or'
>aio % >aia
medium =eig='
al'ura mVdia
'=in
magro % magra
Aell-dressed
>em ves!do % >em ves!da
smar'
es#er'o % es#er'a
good-looBing
>em #arecido % >em #arecida
a@rac!ve
a'raen'e
>eau!ful
lindo % linda
#re@N
>oni'o % >oni'a
=andsome
elegan'e
uglN
feio % feia
old
vel=o % vel=a
Noung
novo % nova
>ald
careca
>ald-=eaded
careca
>eard
a >ar>a
mous'ac=e
o >igode
long =air
ca>elo com#rido
s=or' =air
ca>elo cur'o
s'raig=' =air
ca>elo liso
curlN =air
ca>elo encaracolado
fair-=aired
ca>elo mVdio
:lond =aired or >l >londe-=aired
ca>elo loiro
darB-=aired
ca>elo escuro
%
>em
ginger-=aired
ca>elo ruivo
>londe
loiro % loira
>rune@e
moreno % morena
red=ead
ruivo % ruiva
Emo-onal c7aracteris c7aracteris-cs -cs conGden'
conGan'e
sensi!ve
sensi!vo % sensi!va
calm
calmo % calma
=o'-=eaded
'em#eramen'al
im#ulsive
im#ulsivo % im#ulsiva
c=eerful
alegre
generous
generoso % generosa
Bind
gen!l
mean
mau % mH
crale
sensível
serious
sVrio % sVria
=ones'
=ones'o % =ones'a
good-=umoured
>em-=umorado % >em-=umorada
moodN
#essoa de 'em#eramen'o ins'Hvel
dis=ones'
desones'o % desones'a
=ard-AorBing
'ra>al=ador
clever
es#er'o % es#er'a
in'elligen'
in'eligen'e
arrogan'
arrogan'e
sno>>is=
#resunçoso % #resunçosa
=a##N
feli<
un=a##N
infeli<
s'u#id
es'E#ido % es'E#ida
laorrecida
#a!en'
#acien'e
im#a!en'
im#acien'e
so#=is!ca'ed
soGs!cado % soGs!cada
c=eeBN
insolen'e
friendlN
amigHvel
unfriendlN
#ouco amigHvel
concei'ed
concei'uado % concei'uada
>rave
cora+oso % cora+osa
coAardlN
co>arde
a>sen'-minded
aluado % aluada
'alen'ed
'alen'oso % 'alen'osa
modes'
modes'o % modes'a
&!JE#%"E O'!E' R=en Ae grou# ad+ec!ves 'oge'=er '=ere is a general rule for '=e #osi!on of eac= 'N#e ad+ec!ve" '=ese are3 Opinion ice UglN
Si*e *mall :ig
&Be ld eA
S7ape *uare Circular
#olour :lacB :lue
;aterial las!c Co@on
OriBin :ri!s= .merican
eg4 k*=e =ad a >ig" uglN" old" >aggN" >lue" co@on" :ri!s=" s#or' >ag8k
Xou mig=' sAa# opinion and opinion and 4act ad+ec!ves 4act ad+ec!ves de#ending on A=a' Nou Ais= 'o em#=asieloA 'o descri>e descri>e A=a' A=a' Nour friends friends"" familN familN and 'eac=ers 'eac=ers are are liBe8 liBe8
$8
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