Manual Inglés Básico

Inglés Básico

Socialización

Unidad I Objetivo Terminal 

Expresar en forma oral y escrita, saludos, presentaciones, despedidas, permisos, disculpas y agradecimientos en el idioma Inglés.

Contenido  

Formales Informales

Presentaciones

 

Presentarse Presentar a otros

Expresiones

  

Disculpas Permisos Agradecimientos

Saludos Despedidas

Información de la unidad Las formas de relacionarse entre las personas son muy variadas. En Inglés se

utilizan

diversas

expresiones

que

permiten

el

acercamiento

o

conocimiento entre las personas de manera formal e informal, desde el saludo hasta la manera de presentar a otras personas. En esta unidad el participante se relacionará con esas expresiones, permitiendo ponerlas en práctica entre sus compañeros.

Grammar / Gramática

5

Inglés Básico

Formal Greetings / Saludos Formales •

In the Morning / En la Mañana:

Good Morning / Buenos Días

•

In the Afternoon / En la Tarde:

Good Afternoon / Buenas Tardes

•

In the Evening / En la Noche: At Night / En la Noche

Good Evening / Buenas Noches

Informal Greetings / Saludos Informales •

Hi / Hello

Hola

•

How are you?

¿Cómo estás tú? / ¿Cómo está Usted?

•

How do you do?

¿Cómo Está Usted? / ¿Cómo le va a usted?

•

How do you feel?

¿Cómo se siente?

Information Questions

Answers

Preguntas Informativas

Respuestas Fine

How are you?

I’m very well

Thanks

I’m so so

Thank you

And you?

Pretty Good Bien Estoy muy bien ¿Cómo estás tú?

Estoy regular

Y usted? Gracias

Y tú?

Muy bien En el inglés no se establece diferencia entre el usted (you) y tú (you) Farewell Expressions / Expresiones de Despedida •

Good Bye!

Adios

•

Bye!

Adios

6

Inglés Básico

• •

See you

See you

Nos Vemos Tomorrow

Hasta Mañana

Later

Nos vemos más Tarde

Next Week

Hasta la Próxima Semana

Soon

Hasta Pronto

•

So long

Hasta Luego

•

Until Tomorrow

Hasta Mañana

Examples / Ejemplos Informal Dialogue / Dialogo Informal A:

Hello Aurilu

Hola Aurilu

B:

Hi Iralis. How are you?

Hola Iralis. ¿Cómo estás?

A:

I’m fine thanks, and you?

Estoy bien gracias, ¿y tú?

B:

Pretty Good

Muy bien

A:

See you later

Nos vemos más tarde

B:

See you!

Nos vemos

Formal Dialogue / Dialogo Formal A:

Good Morning Mr. Rojas

Buenos Días Sr. Rojas

B:

Good Morning Mrs. Smith

Buenos Días Sra. Smith

A:

How do you do?

¿Cómo estas?

B:

I’m very well, thank you

Estoy muy bien, gracias.

Self Introduction / Presentación de sí mismo •

My name is…

Mi nombre es…

•

I am / I’m…

Yo soy…

Example:

7

Inglés Básico

• • •

My name is Aurilu I am / I’m Alfred What’s your name?

Mi nombre es Aurilu Yo soy Alfredo ¿Cuál es tu nombre?

Introducing others / Presentando a otros Informal •

This is (Susan)

Esta es (Susan)

•

She is (Mirian)

Ella es (Mirian)

•

He is (Carlos)

El es (Carlos)

•

Nice to meet you

Encantado (a) de conocerte

•

Nice to meet you too

Encantado (a) de conocerte también

Example: A: Peter this is Marlene

Pedro esta es Marlene

B: Hi Marlene, I’m Peter

Hola Marlene, Soy Pedro

C: Hi Peter, Nice to meet you

Hola Pedro, Encantada de conocerte

B: Nice to meet you too

Encantado de conocerte también

Formal •

Let me introduce you to…

Permitame presentarle a…

•

How do you do?

Encantado de conocerle (How do you do?, en este caso es utilizado como una respuesta más que como una pregunta y debe obtener una respuesta con la misma expresión)

•

Glad to meet you

Encantado de conocerle

•

It’s a pleasure to meet you

Es un placer conocerte (le)

8

Inglés Básico

Example: A:

Good Morning Mr. Rojas

Buenos Días Sr. Rojas

B:

Good Morning Mr. Perez,

Buenos Días Sr. Pérez

Let me introduce you Miss Cabrera

Permítame presentarle a la Srta. Cabrera

C: How do you do?

Encantada

A: How do you do?

Encantado

Apologize Expressions / Expresiones de Disculpa Giving an Apologize / Dando una disculpa •

Excuse me

Discúlpame / Discúlpeme

•

I’m sorry

Lo Siento / Lo Lamento

•

Pardon Me

Perdóname

•

Forgive me

Perdóname

•

I beg your Pardon

Perdóname

Examples: •

Excuse me for coming late

Discúlpeme por llegar tarde

•

I’m sorry. Can you repeat?

Lo siento, ¿Puede repetir?

Accepting apologies / Aceptando disculpas •

Don’t worry

No se preocupe

•

It’s all right

Está bien

•

It’s OK

Está bien

•

No problem

No hay problema

9

Inglés Básico

Example: A:

Excuse me for coming late

Discúlpeme por llegar tarde

B:

That’s OK

Está bien

Expressions for asking permission / Expresiones para pedir permiso •

Excuse me

Disculpe

•

May I…?

¿Puedo yo? (Formal)

•

Can I…?

¿Puedo yo? (Informal)

•

Would you mind…?

¿Le importaría…?

Example: •

Excuse me, May I come in?

Disculpe, ¿Puedo entrar?

•

Excuse me, Can I go out?

Disculpe, ¿Puedo salir?

Giving Permission / Concediendo Permiso •

Yes, you may

Sí, tu puedes

•

Yes, you can

Sí, tu puedes

•

Of course!

Por Supuesto

•

Sure

Seguro

Example: A:

May I go out?

¿Puedo salir? 10

Inglés Básico

B:

Yes, you may

Sí, tú puedes

A:

Thanks

Gracias

Refusing Permission / Rechazando Permiso •

You may/can not

No puedes

•

I’m sorry, you may not

Lo siento, no puedes

•

Of course not

Por supuesto

Example: A:

May I use your pen?

¿Puedo utilizar tu bolígrafo?

B:

I’m sorry, you may not.

Lo siento, no puedes

Giving Thanks / Dar las gracias •

Thank you

Gracias (Formal)

•

Thanks

Gracias (Informal)

•

Thanks a lot

Muchas Gracias

•

Thank you very much

Muchísimas gracias

Accepting Thanks / Agradeciendo •

You’re welcome

De nada

•

That’s OK

Está bien

•

That’s all right

Está bien

•

Don’t mention it

No hay de que

•

Forget it!

Olvidalo

11

Inglés Básico

•

Not at all!

Por nada

Example: A:

Can you lend me your pencil?

¿Puedes prestarme tu lapiz?

B:

Sure

Seguro

A:

Thank you very much

Muchísimas gracias

B:

You’re welcome

De nada

Plural

Singular

Pronouns / Pronombres Personal Pronouns (Pronombres Personales) I Yo You Tú / Usted He El She Ella It Eso (a) / Esto (a) We You They

Possessives Adjectives (Adjetivos Posesivos) My Mi, mis Your Su, sus His Su, sus Her Su, sus Its Su, sus

Nosotros (as) Ustedes Elllos / Ellas

Our Your Their

Nuestro Su, sus Su, sus

El Pronombre Personal IT es utilizado sólo para animales o cosas en singular, y en plural se utiliza el pronombre personal They que es usado para personas, animales y cosas. Las formas posesivas utilizadas como adjetivos siempre preceden al nombre que modifican. Además como todos los adjetivos en Inglés, tienen la misma forma en el singular y el plural.

12

Inglés Básico

Example: •

This is my apartment

Este es mi apartamento

•

Mary is in her house

María está en su casa

•

John is in his car

José está en su carro

Information Questions / Preguntas Informativas

Information Questions Your What´s (what His Name? is) her

My His Her

Vocabulary / Vocabulario Circle Complete Come Come in Example Exercise Farewells Go Go out Greetings Listen Miss. Mrs. Mr. Speak Point

Círculo Completar Venir Entrar Ejemplo Ejercicio Despedidas Ir Salir Saludos Escuchar Señorita Señora Señor Hablar Señalar

13

Answers / Respuestas Alice name´s (name is)

Juan Marlene

Inglés Básico

Read Use Verbs Write

Leer Utilizar / Usar Verbos Escribir

Cardinal Numbers from 0 to 10 / Números cardinales de 0 a 10 0

Zero

Cero

1

One

Uno

2

Two

Dos

3

Three

Tres

4

Four

Cuatro

5

Five

Cinco

6

Six

Seis

7

Seven

Siete

8

Eight

Ocho

9

Nine

Nueve

10

Ten

Diez

14

Inglés Básico

Exercise 1 Listen, read and practice / Escuche, lea y practique

- Hi, I’m Marlene - Hi, Marlene. My name is Dellys

- Hello, Mr. López. - Hello, Mr. Rojas. How do you do?.

Informal Greeting (Saludo Informal)

Formal Greeting (Saludo Formal)

Exercise 2 Written practice Complete this dialogue. Use greeting and good bye expressions. Complete este diálogo. Utilice expresiones de Saludos y Despedidas. A:

___________________ evening, students.

B:

Good ______________, teacher.

A:

___________________ are you?

B:

Fine, _______________ and you?

A:

____________________ thank you.

B:

Good _______________, students.

15

Inglés Básico

A:

See ________ ________, teacher.

Exercise 3 Read and practice / Lea y Practique.

- Martin, this is Marleny - Marleny, this is Martin. - Hi, Marleny. Nice to meet you. - Nice to meet you, too.

- Mr. Lima this is Mr. Rojas. - Mr. Rojas this is Mr. Lima - How do you do Mr. Rojas?. - How do you do Mr. Lima?

Formal introduction Presentación Formal

Informal introduction Presentación Informal

Exercise 4 Complete the conversation with greetings / Complete la conversación con saludos. Dellys: Alice:

Alice Dellys

Exercise 5 16

Inglés Básico

Write a dialogue introducing someone / Escriba un dialogo presentando a alguien.

Exercise 6 Write a dialogue greeting someone / Escriba un dialogo saludando a alguien.

17

Inglés Básico

Exercise 7 Read and practice / Lea y practique

A. Excuse me. Can I use your pen? B. Sorry, you can’t

Pardon me! May I use your dictionary? Yes, you may. A. Thanks a lot

Exercise 8 Read and practice / Lea y practique I’m sorry That’s all right

Pardon me That’s O.K.

18

Inglés Básico

Exercise 9 Read and practice. / Lea y practique

- May I come in? - Yes, you may - Thanks

- Can I go out? - Yes, you can

Exercise 10 Fill in the blanks with the possessive adjectives / Llene los espacios en blanco con los posesivos adjetivos. Example:

Mary is in her room

Anibal is in __________ house We are in __________ classroom The children are in __________ School Exercise 11 Complete the numbers. Complete los números One, two, _________, _________, _________, six, _________, _________, nine, _________.

19

Inglés Básico

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación

A. Greeting People / Saludando Personas Complete the dialogue with the next expressions. Follow the example. / Complete el diálogo con las siguientes expresiones. Siga el ejemplo.

Expressions:

Thanks – Hi! – Good Morning – Thank you – How are you? Fine – I am very well

Example / Ejemplo: Roberto Hi Fidel Hello Roberto: Fine, Thanks.

Dialogue 1 Aura: Mario:

Dialogue 2 Dr. Castillo: Mr. Lima: Dr. Castillo:

(a) (c)

, Fidel. , Roberto. How are you?

, Mario (b) (d)

(a) Good Morning (b) (c)

?

Mr. Lima. Dr. Castillo. ? (d)

B. Underline the correct answer for each greeting / Subraye la respuesta correcta para cada saludo. Example: Hello, Simón a) Thanks b) Hi, Antonio c) Thank you, and you

20

Inglés Básico

1)

Good morning, Miss Castro a) Thank you b) Good morning c) Hello, Carlos

2)

Hello Pedro a) Fine b) Thanks c) Hi, Lucy

3)

Good morning, Mrs. Rojas a) Thank you b) Good morning c) Good morning Mrs. Rojas

4)

Sorry a) Thanks b) It’s O.K. c) Nice to meet you

5)

Forgive me! a) Glad to meet you b) Thank you c) It’s all right

6)

I’m very sorry! a) That’s O.K. b) Hello c) Fine, thanks

C. Complete this dialogue with the greetings and farewell expressions. / Complete el diálogo con expresiones de saludos y despedidas. A:

Good (a) _______________Mr. Campos!

B:

Good Afternoon Mr. Guzmán. (b) _______________?

A:

I am very well, thank (c) _______________, and you?

B:

I am (d) _______________, (e) _______________.

A:

OK. See you (f) _______________

B:

Good (g) _______________

21

Inglés Básico

D. Put in order the words below to make a question./ Coloque en orden las palabras de abajo para hacer una pregunta. Example: I - in - go - can - ? Can I go in? a) in - May - come - I - ? _____________________________________________________________ b) Can - me - I - Excuse - use - book - your - ? _____________________________________________________________ c) your - May - use - pencil - I - ? _____________________________________________________________ E. Write the numbers from one to ten / Escriba los números del uno al diez. _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________ .

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

A)

B)

Dialogue 1

Dialogue 2

a) Hi / Hello

a) Good Morning

b) How are you

b) How are you?

c) Fine

c) I am very well

d) Thanks

d) Thank you

1)

b

2)

c

3)

b

22

Inglés Básico

C)

4)

b

5)

c

6)

a

a) Afternoon b) How are you? c) You d) Fine / Very well / OK / Pretty Good e) Thanks f) Later g) Bye

D)

a) May I come in? b) Excuse me Can I use your book? c) May I use your pencil?

E)

One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten (10) lines dialogue using the following expressions / Escriba un diálogo de 10 líneas utilizando las siguientes expresiones. -

Greetings

-

Introducing someone

-

Accepting apologies

-

Giving thanks

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

23

Inglés Básico

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unidad II

Verbo to Be (Presente Simple)

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir oraciones en Inglés, en forma oral y escrita utilizando el verbo to be en presente simple.

Contenido •

Uso del verbo to Be en presente simple

•

Elementos de la oración  Sujeto

24

Inglés Básico

 Pronombres  Sustantivos •

Artículos  Definidos (the)  Indefinidos (an, a)

•

Alfabeto en Inglés

Información de la unidad El verbo To Be (ser o estar) se presenta en las oraciones de las siguientes formas: am - are - is en tiempo presente. El sujeto de la oración, tal como sucede en castellano es de quien se habla en la oración. El pronombre es el elemento de la oración que puede sustituir al nombre o sustantivo. El sustantivo es el elemento referido a personas, animales o cosas dentro de la oración. El adjetivo es el elemento que puede acompañar al sustantivo para describirlo o asignarle una cualidad. Examples: I am a teacher. (Yo soy un profesor.) You are a student. (Yo soy un estudiante.) He is tall. (El es alto.) She is beautiful. (Ella es bella.) It is good. (Eso es bueno.) We are in the living room. (Nosotros estamos en el recibo.) You are from Caracas. (Tu eres de Caracas.) They are players. (Ellos son jugadores.)

25

Inglés Básico

Grammar / Gramática Verb To Be

Contraction

Pronombres Personales I You He She It We You They

Verbo Ser o Estar Am Are Is Is Is Are Are Are

Contracciones I’m You’re He’s She’s It’s We’re You’re They’re

Plural

Singular

Personal Pronouns

Nota: El apóstrofe(‘) se utiliza para la contracción de los pronombres con el verbo to be, ejemplo: I am

=

I’m

26

Inglés Básico

Questions with the Verb To Be / Preguntas con el Verbo Ser o Estar Yes, no questions (Preguntas Si / No)

Possible answers (Posibles Respuestas)

•

Are you a student?

Yes, I am

•

Are you from Maracay?

No, I’m not. I’m from Caracas.

•

Is Jane an artist?

•

Is Paul Tall?

•

Is the class interesting?

•

Are they friends?

Yes, she is No, he isn’t Yes, it is No, they aren’t

Example: • Are you single? Yes, I am or No I’m not. Sentences Structure / Estructura de la Oración I (Pronoun)

am (Verb)

a (Article)

Student (Noun)

Pronombre

Verbo

Artículo

Sustantivo

I (Pronoun)

am (Verb)

from (Preposition)

Brazil (Noun)

Pronombre

Verbo

Preposición

Sustantivo

She (Pronoun)

is (Verb)

beautiful (Adjective)

Pronombre

Verbo

Adjetivo

Los sustantivos en inglés pueden ser masculinos, femeninos o neutros:

27

Inglés Básico

•

Son masculinos los nombres de varones y los de animales de sexo masculino

•

Son femeninos los nombres de mujeres y los de animales de sexo femenino

•

Son neutros los nombres de objetos inanimados

El género de los sustantivos no afecta ni al artículo ni al adjetivo que los acompañan, ya que estos no varían de forma. Por ejemplo: •

The red car

El carro rojo

•

The red cars

Los carros rojos

Pero en cambio, si hay que tener en cuenta el género del sustantivo a la hora de sustituirlo por un pronombre personal: •

The boy is here

He is here

El niño está aquí

•

The car is big

It is big

El carro es grande Este es grande

Él está aquí.

El plural de los sustantivos se forma añadiendo "s" a la forma singular: •

Cat

–

Cats

Gato

–

Gatos

•

Dog

–

Dogs

Perro

–

Perros

Pero si el sustantivo finaliza en "o", "ch", "sh", "ss", "x", para formar el plural hay que añadir "-es": •

Box

–

Boxes

Caja

–

Cajas

•

Potato

–

Potatoes

Papa

–

Papas

28

Inglés Básico

Y si finaliza por "y", tras una consonante, el plural se forma eliminando esta "y" y añadiendo la terminación "-ies": •

Copy

–

Copies

Copia

–

Copias

•

Lady

–

Ladies

Dama

–

Damas

Cuando el sustantivo termina en “-f” o “-fe”, el plural se forma eliminando estas y añadiendo la terminación “ves” •

Wife

–

Wives

Esposa

–

Esposas

•

Wolf

–

Wolves

Lobo

–

Lobos

Algunas palabras en inglés tan sólo tienen la forma plural: •

Pants

Pantalones

•

Scissors

Tijeras

•

Glasses

Lentes

Otras, en cambio, tan sólo tienen forma singular: •

Beauty

Belleza

•

Oil

Petróleo

•

Gold

Oro

•

Fish

Pescado

29

Inglés Básico

Existen también algunos plurales que son irregulares. A continuación se listan algunos de ellos: •

Man

–

Men

Hombre

–

Hombres

•

Woman

–

Women

Mujer

–

Mujeres

•

Tooth

–

Teeth

Diente

–

Dientes

•

Foot

–

Feet

Pie

–

Pies

•

Mouse

–

Mice

Ratón

–

Ratones

•

Child

–

Children

Niño

–

Niños

•

Goose

–

Geese

Ganso

–

Gansos

Articles / Artículos Definite Article / Artículo Definido En inglés se utiliza el Artículo The como el equivalente en español de “El, la, los, las” para personas o cosas específicas. Por ejemplo: •

Ana is the teacher in that school

Ana es la profesora en esa escuela

Indefinite Article El artículo indefinido en Inglés está representado por “a” o “an”, ambas significan en castellano “un, una” para personas o cosas en general. Se utiliza “a” antes de un sustantivo que inicie en consonante. Por ejemplo: •

Ana is a teacher

Ana es una profesora

Se utiliza “an” antes de un sustantivo que inicie con una vocal o una letra con sonido semivocálico. Por ejemplo:

30

Inglés Básico

•

Jose is an engineer

José es un ingeniero

The Alphabet / El Alfabeto Capital Letters and Small Letters / Letras Mayúsculas y Letras Minúsculas Aa Kk Uu

Bb Ll Vv

Cc Mm Ww

Dd Nn Xx

Ee Oo Yy

Ff Pp Zz

31

Gg Qq

Hh Rr

Ii Ss

Jj Tt

Inglés Básico

EXERCISES / EJERCICIOS Exercise 1 Complete the sentences with the Verb To Be in Simple Present. Complete las oraciones con el Verbo Ser o Estar en Presente Simple. Example: Rosita is _______is_________ an excellent engineer. 1.

Fernando

and

Isabel

________________

doctors.

They

________________ from Venezuela. 2.

Caracas ________________ a big City

3.

Pedro and I ________________ Venezuelans

4.

John ________________ a good student

Exercise 2 Complete the sentences using the personal pronouns. Complete las oraciones utilizando los pronombres personales. Example: (Maria)

__She__ is a beautiful girl

1.

(Rose and Helen)

________________ are good friends

2.

(The Dog)

________________ is a nice animal

3.

(Mary and I)

________________ are neighbors

4.

(Juan)

________________ is my friend

Exercise 3 Complete the sentences. Use the Definite or Indefinite article. Complete las oraciones. Utilice el Artículo Definido o Indefinido.

32

Inglés Básico

Example: Jane is __a__ nurse 1.

________________ Supervisor is Pedro Diaz.

2.

Peter is ________________ Doctor at the Central Hospital.

3.

________________ Secretaries in my company are beautiful.

4.

He’s a teacher. He’s ________________ man.

5.

John is ________________ actor.

6.

John is from ________________ United States

7.

Alfred is ________________ engineer

Exercise 4 Practice the alphabet orally. Practique el alfabeto de forma oral.

a g m s y

b h n t z

c i o u

d j p v

Exercise 5 Practice the dialogue. Practique el dialogo.

33

e k q w

f l r x

Inglés Básico

A. B. A. B. A. B.

What’s your name, please? Pedro Yanez Can you spell your name? Y - a - n - e - z And your first name? P - e - d -r - o

Exercise 6 Practice the dialogue. Practique el dialogo.

A. B. A. B.

What’s your name, please? José Tovar T - o - v - a - r? Yes, That’s right

34

Inglés Básico

Vocabulary / Vocabulario Adjectives Bad Beautiful Big Doctor Engineer Fat Good Married Last name Name Nurse Occupations Of Course Second name Secretary Short Single Small Student Tall Teacher Thin Ugly

Adjetivos Malo (a) Hermoso (a) Grande Doctor (a) Ingeniero (a) Gordo (a) Bueno (a) Casado (a) Apellido Enfermero Nombre Ocupaciones Por supuesto Segundo nombre Secretaria (o) Bajo (a) Soltero (a) Pequeño (a) Estudiante Alto (a) Profesor(a) Delgado (a) Feo (a)

Cardinal Numbers from 11 to 20 / Números cardinales de 11 a 20 11

Eleven

Once

12

Twelve

Doce

13

Thirteen

Trece

14

Fourteen

Catorce

15

Fifteen

Quince

16

Sixteen

Dieciseis

17

Seventeen

Diecisiete

18

Eighteen

Dieciocho

19

Nineteen

Diecinueve

20

Twenty

Veinte

35

Inglés Básico

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A. Ask and answer. Follow the example / Pregunte y responda. Siga el ejemplo. Example: (Peter / tall)

Is Peter tall? Yes, he is

1.

(Lucia / beautiful Yes, (Cindy and John / young) No, (Joseph / tall ) No, (You and I / friends) Yes,

2. 3. 4.

? ? ? ?

B. Complete the dialogue. Use the correct form of the Verb to Be and the personal pronoun where necessary. Complete el dialogo. Utilice la forma correcta del Verbo ser o estar y el Pronombre personal donde sea necesario.

Example: Mr. Lares isn’t a bad singer He’s a good singer Alex:

Hello, Is this the English Language school?

Betty:

Yes, ____________________. May I help you?

Alex:

I like some, information about your program, please

Betty:

Of course

Alex:

____________________ the class small?

Betty:

No, ____________________. We are about 25 people in class

36

Inglés Básico

Alex:

____________________ the teachers experienced?

Betty:

Yes, ____________________. They are excellent teachers

Alex:

Thank you very much

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

37

Inglés Básico

A. 1. Is Lucia beautiful?

Yes, she is

2. Are Cindy and John young? No, they aren’t 3. Is Joseph tall?

No, he isn’t

4. Are we friends?

Yes, we are

B. Betty: Alex: Betty: Alex: Betty:

It is (it’s) is We aren’t Are They are

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito

38

Inglés Básico

Write a paragraph and describe some members of your neighborhood. Escriba un párrafo y describa algunos miembros de su vecindario.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unidad III

Estructuras que expresan existencia y cantidad

Objetivo Terminal 

Expresar en inglés, de forma oral y escrita, estructuras que indiquen existencia y cantidad en tiempo presente.

39

Inglés Básico

Contenido •

Uso del there is, there are  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Respuestas cortas y largas

•

Uso del how many, how much

•

Adverbios de cantidad  Contables  No contables

•

Preposiciones

Información de la unidad En inglés existen formas de decir hay, estas son: there is y there are. There is se usa cuando queremos expresar la existencia de una sola persona, animal o cosa, es decir en singular, por Ejemplo: There is a book on the table (Hay un libro sobre la mesa). There are se utiliza cuando se desea expresar la existencia de más de una persona, animal o cosa, es decir, en plural, por ejemplo: There are three pencils on the desk (Hay tres lápices sobre el escritorio). Para preguntar acerca de cantidades y valor se utilizan las estructuras de How many y How much.

How much es utilizado para determinar la

cantidad en singular de cosas que no pueden ser contadas como el agua, el aire, la comida e igualmente para preguntar por el precio o costo de algo, por ejemplo: 40

Inglés Básico

How much water is there in the glass? (¿Cuánta agua hay en el vaso?) How much is this cheese sandwich? (¿Cuánto es este sándwich de queso?) How many es utilizado para preguntar por cantidades en plural (personas, animales, cosas), por ejemplo: How many chairs are there in the classroom? (¿Cuántas sillas hay en el salón de clase?)

41

Inglés Básico

Grammar / Gramática There is / There are Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answers

Singular There is There isn’t Is there? Yes, There is No, There isn’t

Countable Nouns (contables) Singular Plural a tomato Tomatoes a can of soup cans of soup a chair Chairs one book Books

Plural There are There aren’t Are there? Yes, there are No, there aren’t

Uncountable Nouns (no contables) cream sugar coffee water Juice

Some / any

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

Countable Nouns

Uncountable Nouns

Sustantivos Contables There are some lemons. There aren’t any eggs. Are there any sandwiches?

Sustantivos Incontables There’s some orange juice. There isn’t any chicken. Is there any milk?

How much? / How many? Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns How many apples are there on the How much sugar is there in the table?

cup?

Prepositions / Preposiciones

42

Inglés Básico

in

on

(en, dentro de)

at

(en, sobre de)

(en, a un lado de)

Examples: -

The students are in the classroom.

-

The book is on the table.

-

The man is at the door.

Preparing food / Preparando comida

Exercise 1 Read and practice the conversation. Lea y practique la conversación Marlene: OK. We need two hundred grams of flour Alice:

Yes. There’s some flour in the cupboard

Marlene: Are there any eggs? Alice:

Yes. I think there are three eggs in the fridge

Marlene: Are there any lemons there, too? Alice:

There aren’t any lemons. Oh, sorry, there is one

Marlene.

OK. There’s some milk and some butter in the fridge too

Alice:

Right. Oh no! There isn’t any sugar!

Marlene:

Yes, there is. It’s on the table.

Exercise 2

43

Inglés Básico

Look at the picture above and make ten negative and affirmative sentences about it. Vea la figura de abajo y haga diez oraciones negativas y afirmativas acerca de ella. Example:

There’s some milk. There isn’t any coffee

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Exercise 3 Write There’s

or There are. Escriba There’s o There are

Example: There are

two knives in the kitchen.

44

Inglés Básico

123456789-

a new camera on the table. a big clock on the wall. two oranges in the box. five CDs in the CD player. two telephones on the desk. six people in the family. a big television in the room. two suitcases on the floor. three books on the shelf.

Exercise 4 Look at the picture, then answer the question. Vea la foto, luego responda a las preguntas.

What is there in the picture? Example: There is a digital camera in the picture. There are books in the picture. 1234-

45

Inglés Básico

Exercise 5 Look at the picture, and then write a list of the things in it. Vea la foto, luego escriba una lista de cosas en ella.

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

Exercise 6

46

Inglés Básico

Ask and answer the questions: Is there…? / Are there…?. (Use the list from exercise 5). Pregunte y responda a las preguntas Is there…? / Are there…?. (Utilice la lista del ejercicio 5) Example:

Is there a computer on your list? Yes, there is a computer on my list. No, there isn’t a computer on my list.

Continue with the rest of the things / Continúe con el resto de las cosas.

Exercise Nº 7 Answer these questions, affirmative or negative. Responda a las preguntas afirmativa o negativamente Example:

Is there a cow in the classroom? Yes, There is a cow in the classroom No, there isn’t a cow in the classroom

1. Are there three doors in the house?

________________________

2. Are there secretaries in that office?

________________________

47

Inglés Básico

3. Is there a boy in your house?

________________________

4. Is there any milk in the refrigerator?

________________________

5. Are there any lemons in the fridge?

________________________

6. Are there any sandwiches on the table? ________________________ 7. Is there any flour on the table?

________________________

8. Is there a lemon in the fridge?

________________________

9. Are there any horses in your house?

________________________

Exercise 8 Complete with: How much or How many. Complete con Cuanto o Cuántos. Example: 1 2 3 4

How much sugar is there in your coffee? milk is there in the glass? cars are there in the garage? men are there in your house? money is there in your pocket?

Exercise 9 Answer the following questions. Responda a las siguientes preguntas. Example:

How many people are there in your family? There are five people in my family

1. How much sugar is there in your coffee? ___________________________________________________________ 2. How many bathrooms are there in your house? ___________________________________________________________

48

Inglés Básico

3. How much coffee is there in your cup? ___________________________________________________________ 4. How many children are there in that school? ___________________________________________________________

Vocabulary / Vocabulario

49

Inglés Básico

Any Apple At Bathroom Big Black beans Book Box Bread Breakfast Bunch of grapes Butter Camera Can Carrot CD CD player Chair Chicken Clock Coffee Cream Cup Cupboard Desk Dinner Dish Egg Family Floor Flour Fridge Fried banana Fruit Glasses Grams House How much? In Juice Kitchen Knife Lemon Lunch

Ninguno (a), ningunos (as) Manzana En Baño Grande Caraotas Libro Caja Pan Desayuno Racimo de uvas Mantequilla Cámara Lata Zanahoria Disco Compacto Equipo de sonido con CD Silla Pollo Reloj de pared Café Crema Taza Gabinete Escritorio Cena Plato Huevo Familia Piso Harina Refrigerador Tajada Fruta Lentes, espejuelos Gramos Casa Cuánto? Cuánta? En, dentro de Jugo Cocina Cuchillo Limón Almuerzo

50

Inglés Básico

Meat Microwave Milk Mushroom Notebook Office On Orange Orange juice Papaya People Picture Plate Potato Rice Salad Sandwich School Scramble eggs Shelf Some Soup Spoon Sugar Suitcase Table Telephone Television Tomato Water

Carne Microondas Leche Champiñones, hongos Cuaderno Oficina Sobre de Naranja Jugo de naranja Lechosa Gente, personas, población Cuadro, foto Plato Papa Arroz Ensalada Emparedado Escuela Huevos revueltos Estante Alguno (a), algunos (a) Sopa Cucharilla Azúcar Maleta Mesa Teléfono Televisión Tomate Agua

51

Inglés Básico

Numbers / Números Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety One Hundred One Thousand Ten Thousand One Hundred Thousand One Million

Treinta Cuarenta Cincuenta Sesenta Setenta Ochenta Noventa Cien Mil Diez Mil Cien Mil Un Millón

52

Inglés Básico

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación

A.

Look at the picture and write three questions / Vea la foto y escriba tres preguntas

Breakfast / Desayuno

Example : Is there any glass on the table? 1. 2. 3.

B.

Look at the picture and answer the following questions / Vea la foto y responda a las siguientes preguntas.

Lunch / Almuerzo Example:

Is there any fruit on the table? No, there isn’t any fruit on the table

1. Is there any papaya juice for lunch? 53

Inglés Básico

________________________________________________________ 2. Is there any chicken on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 3. Is there any salad on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 4. Are there any black beans on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 5. Is there any lettuce on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 6. Are there any potatoes on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 7. Is there any carrot on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 8. Is there any bread on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 9. Is there any corn flakes for lunch? ________________________________________________________ C.

Look at the picture and answer the questions / Vea la foto y responda las siguientes preguntas.

Example:

How much bread is there in the picture? There’s some bread in the picture 54

Inglés Básico

1. How much cheese is there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 2. How many tomatoes are there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 3. How much meat is there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 4. How many potatoes are there in the picture? ________________________________________________________

55

Inglés Básico

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

A.

1- Is there any juice on the table? 2- Are there any cookies on the table? 3- Is there any dish on the table?

B.

1- No, there isn’t any papaya juice for lunch. 2- Yes, there is some chicken on the plate. 3- Yes, there is some salad on the plate. 4- No, there aren’t any black beans on the plate. 5- Yes, there is some lettuce on the plate. 6- Yes, there are some potatoes on the plate. 7- Yes, there is some carrot on the plate. 8- No, there isn’t any bread on the plate. 9- No, there isn’t any corn flake for lunch.

C.

1- There is a piece of cheese in the picture. 2- There are three potatoes in the picture. 3- There is some meat on the table. 4- There are two tomatoes in the picture.

56

Inglés Básico

Written Work / Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write 15 negative and affirmative sentences about The Vacation Hotel. Use there is - there isn’t, there are - there aren’t. (Escriba 15 oraciones negativas y afirmativas acerca del Hotel de Vacaciones. Utilice there is - there isn’t, there are - there aren’t.)

The Vacation Hotel In each room:

At the hotel:

- Bathroom

- Two restaurants

- Two beds

- Four tennis court

- A television

- Two parking lots

- Air conditioner

Other facilities / Otras Comodidades - A radio

- Beach

- Refrigerator

-Bank

- Cellular phone - CD Player and VCR - Swimming pool - Gift shops - Golf fields

57

Inglés Básico

Unidad IV Descripción de personas, cosas lugares

y

Objetivo Terminal 

Describir en el idioma Inglés personas, cosas y lugares en forma oral y escrita.

Contenido •

Descripción de la casa, el salón de clases, oficina, lugares, personas.

•

Identificación de países, nacionalidades, idiomas.

•

Relaciones familiares.

•

Posesivos (‘s).

•

Preguntas de información.

•

Días de la semana, meses.

Información de la unidad En el idioma Inglés usamos adjetivos para dscribir personas, animals y cosas, ejemplo: Big (grande) Tall (alto) Blue ( azul) A diferencia del español, los adjetivos va ubicados antes del sustantivo, ejemplo:

56

Inglés Básico

This is a beautiful house. (Esta es una casa bella.) También pueden ir ubicados después del verbo, al final de una oración, ejemplo: María is intelligent. (María es inteligente.) Para indagar la procedencia de las personas se pregunta Where are you from? (¿De donde eres?) es muy importante que se use la preposición from en es6a presgunta, ya que su omisión cambiaría totalmente el significado de la misma. Ejemplo: Where are you? ( Donde estas?) Where are you from? (¿De donde eres?) El posesivo (‘s) es usado para indicar pertenencia, este se agrega al sustantivo, ejemplo: Miriam’s car. (El carro de Miriam) Podemos observar mediante el ejemplo que el sustantivo va en primer lugar y lo que se posee en segundo lugar. Es importante no confundir el posesivo (‘s) con la contracción del verbo to be, ejemplo: Miriam’s a student. ( Miriam es una estudiante. Miriam’s students (Los estudiantes de Miriam) Por otra parte si el sustantivo termina en “s” solo agregamos el apóstrofe (‘s), ejemplo: Luis’ dog. (El perro de Luis.) The students’ classrrom. (El salón de clase de los estudiantes.)

57

Inglés Básico

Existen en Inglés las llamadas preguntas de información, que se usan para obtener una información determinada, ejemplo: a)

What is your name? (¿Cuál es tu nombre?) Josefina.

b)

How are you? (¿Como estás?) Fine.

58

Inglés Básico

Grammar / Gramática Adjectives / Adjetivos Questions / Preguntas What

‘s is are

it

Like?

they

Answers / Respuestas It They

‘s is ‘re are

beautiful big fast blue new

Ejemplo: It’s big. (Esto es grande.) It’s a big car. (Este es un carro grande.) They’re big. (Ellos son grandes.) They’re big cars. (Ellos son carros grandes.) Nota: Observe que los adjetivos en Inglés no tienen formas plurales. Questions / Preguntas What color

is it? are they?

Answers / Respuestas It They

‘s is ‘re are

red, yellow, green, etc.

59

Inglés Básico

Questions / Preguntas What kind

is it? are they?

Answers / Respuestas It They

‘s ‘re

a Corvette Corvettes

Country / País

Nationality Nacionalidad

Venezuela Colombia Brazil Cuba Portugal England The United States

Venezuelan Colombian Brazilian Cuban Portuguese British American

/ Language / Idioma

Spanish Spanish Portuguese Spanish Portuguese English English

Adjectives / Adjetivos Colors / Colores White Black Orange Green Yellow Gray Red Pink Blue Gold Silver Purple Brown

Blanco Negro Anaranjado Verde Amarillo Gris Rojo Rosado Azul Dorado Plateado Morado Marrón

Other adjectives / Otros adjetivos

60

Inglés Básico

Short Long High Beautiful Ugly Fast New Old

Bajo / corto Largo Alto Bello Feo Rápido Nuevo viejo

Parts of a house / Partes de una casa Bedroom Living room Bathroom Kitchen Dinning room

Habitación Sala o recibo Baño Cocina Comedor

Classroom / Salón de clases Students Board Desk Teacher Marker Eraser Book Notebook Workbook File Paper Dictionary Pencil Pen Air conditioner

Estudiantes Pizarra Escritorio Profesor Marcador Borrador Libro Cuaderno Llibro de tarea Carpeta Papel Dicionario Lápiz Bolígrafo Acondicionador de aire

Possesives / Posesivos

61

Inglés Básico

Peter’s family

José & Cristina

Robert

Ana

Patty

David

Carlos

Miriam

Peter

Kelly

This is Peter’s family. José is his grandfather. Cristina is his grandmother. Ana is his aunt and Robert is his uncle. Robert is Ana’s husband. Ana is Robert’s wife. Patty is Robert and Ana’s daughter. She is Peter’s cousin. David and Miriam are his parents. David is his father and Miriam is his mother. Carlos is Peter’s brother and Kelly is his sister.

Nota: ver significado de las palabras subrayadas en el vocabulario.

Questions words / Palabras interrogativas What (¿Qué o cual?) When (¿Cuándo?) Where (¿Dónde?)

What’s your name? When’s your birthday? Where are you?

62

My name is Miriam. My birthday is in July. I’m at home.

Inglés Básico

Who (¿Quién?) How (¿Cómo?)

Who is your mother? How are you?

Days of the week / Días de la semana Sunday

Domingo

Monday

Lunes

Tuesday

Martes

Wednesday

Miércoles

Thursday

Jueves

Friday

Viernes

Saturday

Sábado

Months of the year / Meses del año January

Enero

February

Febrero

March

Marzo

April

Abril

63

Cristina. Fine, thanks

Inglés Básico

May

Mayo

June

Junio

July

Julio

August

Agosto

September

Septiembre

October

Octubre

November

Noviembre

December

Diciembre

Exercise 1 Write a short paragraph about your house. Example: My house is big. It′s a beautiful house. There are 3 bedrooms. They are big. The kitchen is small. There are 7 chairs in the living room. _____________________________________________________________

64

Inglés Básico

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Exercise 2 Read the following paragraph and identify the adjectives that describe the office and the classroom. 1. Our office is big. There are four small desks and two chairs. There′s a computer and 1 file, the file is brown. There are two pictures. They are very beautiful.

2. How is your classroom? (Describe your classroom).

Exercise 3 Practice the dialogues 1)

A: Where are you from? B: I′m from India, and you? A: I′m from Venezuela

65

Inglés Básico

2)

A: Where is Nancy from? B: She’s from Canada.

3)

A: Laura, where are you and Ricardo from? B: We′re from Cuba A: Oh, Are you from la Habana? B: Yes, we are A: And the Garcías?. B: They′re from Mexico.

Exercise 4 Read and answer the questions / Lea y responda las preguntas. Vancouver is a city in Canada. It′s on the pacific Ocean. The city is wonderful. It′s clean. Almost three quarters of the population are of British ancestry. Other ethnic groups are east Indians. The food in Vancouver is varied and delicious. It′s a nice place for a vacation. 1.

Where is Vancouver? ________________________________________________________

2.

Is Canada a city? ________________________________________________________

3.

Is Vancouver on the Atlantic Ocean? ________________________________________________________

4.

Is Vancouver a wonderful city? ________________________________________________________

Exercise 5 Write your family’s names. (Escribe los nombres de tu familia.) Grandmother

__________________

Grandfather

__________________

Father

__________________

66

Inglés Básico

Mother

__________________

Brother

__________________

Sister

__________________

Daughter

__________________

Aunt

__________________

Niece

__________________

Nephew

__________________

Uncle

__________________

Exercise 6 Underline the possessives in the following sentences. Example: Pedro’s mother is a writer. 1. Pedro is with his dog. 2. The dogs’ food is on the table. 3. The dogs are in the garage. 4. Mary’s twenty years old. 5. The girls’ cousin are Fred and Tom. 6. The girls are dancing.

Vocabulary / Vocabulario

67

Inglés Básico

Meeting Country Seat Avenue Street Party Birthday Phone City Ancestry Place Appointment Husband Wife Son Daughter Brother Sister Grandfather Grandmother Uncle Aunt Cousin Niece Nephew

Reunión País/campo Asiento Avenida Calle Fiesta Cumpleaños Teléfono Ciudad Ancestro Lugar Cita Esposo Esposa Hijo Hija Hermano Hermana Abuelo Abuela Tío Tía Primo Sobrina Sobrino

Ordinal numbers 1st.

First (primero)

2nd.

Second (segundo)

3rd.

Third (tercero)

4th.

Fourth (cuarto)

5th.

Fifth (quinto)

6th.

Sixth (sexto)

7th.

Seventh (séptimo)

8th.

Eighth (octavo)

9th.

Ninth (noveno)

10th.

Tenth (décimo)

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación

68

Inglés Básico

Part I Complete the sentences using the vocabulary about months and days of the week. (Complete las oraciones usando el vocabulario de meses y días de la semana.) Example: The first day of the week is Monday.

1.

____________

is after March.

2.

____________

is the month with less days.

3.

In __________

we celebrate Christmas.

4.

____________ and ____________ are the days of the weekend.

Part II Complete the following sentences. (Complete las siguientes orcaiones.) Example: My brother’s mother is my uncle. 1.

My mother’s father is my

_______________

2.

My father’s brother is my

_______________

3.

My aunt’s daughter are my

_______________

4.

My father and mother are my

_______________

Part III

69

Inglés Básico

Complete these sentences with the correct word. Use the words in the box below. (Complete estas oraciones con la palabra correcta. Use las palabras que se encuentran en el recuadro de abajo.) Example: Hugo is from Venezuela. His language is Spanish. Brazil – Spanish – Japan – Mexico – Venezuelan – England – Japanese

1.

Sussy’s language is English. She is from

___________________

2.

Yokosuna is from

___________________

3.

Hideo Nomo’s language is

___________________

4.

Joao is from ____________. His language is Portuguese.

Part IV Complete the sentences with the possessive (‘s). Use the noun in parenthesis. (Complete las oraciones con el posesivo. Use el sustantivo en paréntesis.) Example: Miriam’s students are intelligents. (Miriam) 1.

_____________

car is beautiful. (My father)

2.

_____________

house is big. (Julio)

3.

_____________

friends are nice (The boys)

4.

_____________

birthday is tomorrow (Luis)

5.

_____________

plate is clean (The dogs)

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

70

Inglés Básico

Part I 1.

April

2.

February

3.

December

4.

Saturday – Sunday

Part II 1.

Mother

2.

Grandfather

3.

Uncle

4.

Cousins

5.

Parents

Part III 1.

England

2.

Japan

3.

Japanese

4.

Brazil

Part IV 1.

My father’s

2.

Julio’s

3.

The boys’

4.

Luis’

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito 71

Inglés Básico

1.

Describe a classroom. Use adjectives. (Describe un salón de clases. Use adjetivos.)

2.

Describe your house. (Describe tu casa)

72

Inglés Básico

Unidad V

Presente Continuo

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir oraciones en inglés, en forma oral y escrita, utilizando el presente continuo.

Contenido •

Uso del Tiempo Presente Continuo  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Estructuras interrogativas  Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas y Negativas  Respuestas Largas Afirmativas y negativas

•

La hora

Información de la Unidad El presente continuo se forma con el verbo to be + el presente participio del verbo principal de la oración (verbo + ing). El Presente Participio también es llamado gerundio (ing). El “-ing” se forma agregando la partícula ing en la terminación de cada verbo. El gerundio en Castellano equivale a la terminación “-endo”, “-ando. Ejemplo: Work / Working

(Trabajar / Trabajando)

Read / Reading

(Leer / Leyendo)

73

Inglés Básico

Cuando queremos preguntar la hora en Inglés, podemos utilizar las siguientes preguntas: -

What time is it?

-

What’s the time?

Y para responder a estas dos preguntas utilizamos la expresión: -

It’s one o’clock.

( 01:00 )

-

It’s a quarter to five.

( 04:45 )

Cuando es la hora y media, se dice: -

It’s half past four.

( 04:45 )

-

It’s half after four.

( 04:30 )

-

It’s four thirty.

( 04:30 )

Cuando faltan 15 minutos para la hora, se dice: -

It’s a quarter to five.

( 04:45 )

-

It’s fifteen minutes to five.

( 04:45 )

-

It’s four forty five.

( 04:45 )

Cuando faltan minutos para la hora, se dice: -

It’s twenty to five.

( 4:40 )

-

It’s four forty.

( 4:40 )

-

It’s ten to five.

( 4:50 )

-

It’s ten past three.

( 03:10 )

-

It’s ten after three.

( 03:10 )

-

It’s twenty past four.

( 04:20 )

-

It’s four twenty.

( 04:20 )

Otras:

74

Inglés Básico

GRAMMAR

Present Continuos Tense / Presente Continuo Afirmative Structures / Estructuras Afirmativas Subject

+

To Be + (Am, are, is)

Verb (-ing)

Examples / Ejemplos: Subject

Verb To Be

Gerund

Complement

(Sujeto)

(Verbo ser o estar)

(Gerundio)

(Complemento)

I Peter We

am is are

reading watching having

a book T.V. lunch

Negative Structures / Estructuras Negativas Subject

+

To Be (Am, are, is)

+

Not

+

Verb (-ing)

Examples / Ejemplos: Subject

Verb To Be

I Peter We

am

Negative

Gerund

Complement

reading watching having

a book T.V. lunch

(Negación)

not isn’t aren’t

Interrogative Structures / Estructuras Interrogativas To Be + (Am, are, is)

Subject

+

Verb (-ing)

75

+

Complement + ?

Inglés Básico

Examples / Ejemplos: Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar Are Is Are

Subject Sujeto you Peter we

Gerund Gerundio reading watching having

Complement Complemento a book T.V. lunch

Affirmative Short Answers / Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas Yes, +

Subject

+

To Be (Am, are, is)

Examples / Ejemplos: Affirmative Afirmación Yes, Yes, Yes,

Subject Sujeto I He We

Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar am is are

Negative Short Answers / Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas No,

+

Subject

+

To Be (Am, are, is)

+

not

Examples / Ejemplos: Affirmative Afirmación No, No, No,

Subject Sujeto I He We

76

Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar am not isn’t aren’t

? ? ? ?

Inglés Básico

Information Questions / Preguntas Informativas Wh- Question

+ To Be + Subject (Am, are, is)

+

Verb (-ing)

+ ?

Examples / Ejemplos: Wh-Question Pregunta WhWhat Where When

Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar Are Is am

Subject Sujeto you Peter I

Gerund Gerundio reading playing leaving

? ? ? ?

Examples / Ejemplos •

I

•

My father is working now. (Mi padre está trabajando ahora)

•

We are speaking English

am

studying

at INCE. (Estoy estudiando en el INCE)

in class. (Estamos hablando Inglés en

clase) El gerundio es formado añadiendo la terminación "-ing" al infinitivo: To listen (escuchar) To hear (oir)

listening hearing

Si el verbo finaliza con una única "e", esta letra desaparece delante de "-ing": To come (venir) To write (escribir)

coming writing

Si el verbo tiene una sola sílaba, y ésta tiene una única vocal y finaliza en una única consonante, entonces esta consonante final se dobla: To cut (cortar) To sit (sentarse)

cutting sitting

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Inglés Básico

Si el verbo tiene dos o más silabas, con el acento sobre la última, y ésta última sílaba contiene una sola vocal y finaliza en una única consonante, entonces esta consonante final también se dobla: To admit (admitir) To begin (empezar)

admitting beginning

Si el verbo termina por la consonante "l" detrás de una única vocal, esta consonante "l" se dobla: To cancel (cancelar) To impel (impulsar)

cancelling impelling

Si el verbo finaliza en "y", esta letra se mantiene y se le añade la terminación "-ing": To study (estudiar) To try (intentar)

studying trying

Read and practice these dialogues (Lea y practique estos diálogos)

Are the children reading a book? (¿Están los niños leyendo un libro?) Yes, they are reading a book. (Si, ellos están leyendo un libro)

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Inglés Básico

Is Juan working or playing? (¿Está Juan trabajando o jugando?) He is working. (El está trabajando)

Is Juan closing the door?

(¿Esta Juan cerrando la puerta?)

No, he isn’t. He’s fixing the door. (No, el no. El está reparando la puerta)

Where are Peter and Fred walking? (¿Donde están caminando Peter y Fred?) They’re walking in the streets. (Ellos están caminando en las calles)

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Inglés Básico

What’s Luis doing?

(¿Que está haciendo Luis?)

He’s cooking.

(El está cocinando)

What’s he cooking?

(¿Que está cocinando?)

He’s cooking a barbecue.

(El está cocinando una parrilla)

- Anna:

What’s your teacher doing? (¿Que está haciendo el profesor?)

- Freddy:

He’s talking to the students. (El está hablando a los estudiantes)

- Mary: What’s your brother studying?

(¿Qué está estudiando tu hermano?)

- Paul: He’s studying mathematics.

(El está estudiando matemáticas)

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Inglés Básico

Read and practice / Lea y Practique -

Is Mary speaking with Ann? Yes, She is.

-

Are you writing? Yes, I am.

-

Is the man wearing jeans? Yes, he is.

-

Are you listening to the teacher? No, I am not.

-

Is Robert drinking juice? No, he isn’t.

Read and practice / Lea y Practique -

Are you working in the school? Yes, I am working in the school.

-

Is Luisa answering the questions? Yes, she is answering the questions.

-

Are you eating a sandwich? No, we aren’t eating a sandwich

-

Is Helen listening to music? No, she isn’t listening to music.

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Inglés Básico

Exercises

a. Answer in affirmative form Example: Is the man writing? Yes, he is writing 1. Are the children playing trompo?

2. Are you coming to class?

3. Is she playing tennis?

b. Answer in negative form Example: Is he going home? No, he isn’t going home 1. Is the teacher writing on the board?

2. Are they listening to the radio?

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Inglés Básico

3. Are you speaking French?

c. Answer according with the word in parenthesis Example What’s the girl drinking?

(Milk)

She’s drinking milk 1. What are the children flying? (Kite) _____________________________________________________________ 2. What are you studying now? (English) _____________________________________________________________ 3. What is she playing?

(Volleyball)

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Vocabulary / Vocabulario

VERBS ( Infinitive)

GERUND

(Verbos en Infinitivo)

(Gerundio)

to answer

responder

answering

Respondiendo

to close

cerrar

closing

Cerrando

to come

venir

Coming

Viniendo

to do

hacer

Doing

Haciendo

to drink

tomar, beber

drinking

Tomando, bebiendo

to eat to fix

comer reparar

Eating Fixing

Comiendo Reparando

to fly

volar

Flying

Volando

to go

ir

Going

Iendo

to open

abrir

Opening

Abriendo

to play to ride to sit down

jugar montar sentarse

Playing Jugando Riding Montando Sitting down Sentándose

to speak

hablar

Speaking

Hablando

to stand up

pararse

Standing up

Parándose

to study

estudiar

Studying

Estudiando

to walk

caminar

Walking

Caminando

to watch

ver, observar

Watching

Observando

to wear

llevar puesto

Wearing

Vistiendo

to work

trabajar

Working

Trabajando

to write

escribir

Writing

Escribiendo

NOUNS OR SUSTANTIVES

(Nombres o sustantivos)

Board Child

Pizarrón Niño

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Inglés Básico

Children Class Example Exercise Father Garage Garden Gerund Girl Home Jeans Kite Lesson Man Mango Men Mother Nouns Radio Sister Street (s) Student Tea Teacher Telephone TIME (La hora) O’clock To Half Quarter Watch Clock Midday / Noon Midnight Weekdays Weekend Full time Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Yesterday The day before yesterday Minutes Seconds

Niños Clase Example Exercise Padre Garage Jardín Gerundio Muchacha Hogar Pantalón de Jean Papagayo Lección Hombre Mango Hombres Madre Sustantivos o nombres Radio Hermana Calle (s) Estudiante Té Profesor (a) Teléfono En punto Para Media Un cuarto Reloj de pulsera Reloj de pared Mediodía Medianoche Dias de la semana Fin de semana Tiempo completo Mañana Pasado mañana Ayer Antes de ayer Minutos Segundos

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Inglés Básico

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Inglés Básico

Self - evaluation / Autoevaluación Part I Look at the picture and answer the questions. Vea la foto y responda las preguntas Example: Is the girl reading or writing? She’s writing

1. Are the children riding their bicycle or walking? _____________________________________

2. Are they talking or watching TV? _____________________________________

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Inglés Básico

3. What is the boy doing? _____________________________________

4. What is Susan doing? _____________________________________

Part II Answer in affirmative form Example: Is Ramon studying the lesson? Yes, he is studying the lesson. 1. Is Alice opening her book? __________________________________________ 2. Is the boy listening to the radio? _______________________________________ 3. Are the teachers speaking English? _______________________________________ 4. Are you answering the questions? _______________ ________________________

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Inglés Básico

Part III Answer in negative form Example: Is he taking a test? No, he isn’t taking a test. 1. Are you taking a test? ___________________________________ 2. Is Pedro studying mathematics? ___________________________________ 3. Is she sitting down? ___________________________________ 4. Are they working now? __________________________________

Part IV Look at the picture. Answer in negative form and describe the action with the word in parenthesis. Example:

Is the man reading a Spanish book? (English) No, he isn’t. He’s reading an English book.

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Inglés Básico

1. Are they working? (play) _____________________________________

2. Is the old man playing? (speak) _____________________________________

3. Are you playing golf? (fish) _____________________________________

4. Is he writing on the notebook? (board) _____________________________________

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Inglés Básico

Part V Write the time. (Escriba la hora.) Example: What time is it? ( 4:20 ) It’s twenty past four.

1.

( 05:45 )

__________________________

2.

( 12:00 )

__________________________

3.

( 02:10 )

__________________________

4.

( 03.15 )

__________________________

5.

( 08:30 )

__________________________

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Inglés Básico

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

Part I 1. They are riding their bicycle. 2. They’re watching T.V. 3. He’s riding in the street. 4. She’s reading a book. Part II 1- Yes, she is opening her book. 2- Yes, he is listening to the radio. 3- Yes, they are speaking English. 4- Yes, I am answering the questions. Part III 1- No, I am not taking a test. 2- No, he isn’t studying mathematics. 3- No, she isn’t sitting down. 4- No, they aren’t working now. Part IV 1- No, they aren’t. They‘re playing. 2- No, he isn’t. He’s speaking. 3- No, I am not. I’m fishing. 4- No, he isn’t. He’s writing on the board. Part V 1- It’s a quarter to six.

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Inglés Básico

2- It’s twelve o’clock 3- It’s ten past / after two. 4- It’s a quarter past / after three. 5- It’s half past eight.

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Written Work / Trabajo Escrito

Describe the picture above. Use the Present Continuous Tense Example:

There are two men fishing

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

Unidad VI

Auxiliares Do, Does y verbo to have

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir en Inglés oraciones interrogativas, afirmativas y negativas utilizando le tiempo presente simple y el verbo to have.

Contenido  Uso de los auxiliares Do – Does  Uso del verbo to have  Adverbios de frecuencia  Likes and dislikes  Ocupaciones

Información de la unidad Los auxiliares Do y Does, son utilizados con diferentes pronombres y nos permiten interrogar o negar en presente simple con los verbos regulares e irregulares, a excepción del verbo to be. El auxiliar Do debe ser utilizado con los siguientes pronombres: I Do

You We They

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Inglés Básico

Example: I study English every day. (Yo estudio Inglés todos los días) Do you study English every day? (¿Tú estudias Inglés todo los días?) No, I don’t study English every day Y el auxiliar Does se utiliza con la terceras personas He Does

She It

Tenemos que destacar que el verbo principal de la oración debe estar en forma simple y cuando la oración está en tercera persona se le agrega al verbo principal la partícula “s” o “es”, dependiendo del verbo. Example: Alice studies English every day.

(Alice estudia Inglés todos los días)

Does she study English every day?

(¿Ella estudia Inglés todos los días?)

No, she doesn’t study English every day. los días)

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(No, ella no estudia Inglés todos

Inglés Básico

GRAMMAR El auxiliar Do utilizado con los pronombres I, You, We, They, así como el Does con los pronombres She, He, It es omitido en las oraciones afirmativas y se escribe el verbo en su forma simple conservando la siguiente estructura: Example a)

b)

They

play

soccer on Sundays.

Sujeto (s)

verbo (v)

complemento (c)

Mario

plays

soccer on Sundays.

Sujeto (s)

verbo (v)

complemento (c)

Nota: Con las terceras personas al verbo principal de la oración se le agrega una (s). Uso del auxiliar Do

I Do

You We

Study

English?

They

Do

You

Study

English?

Auxiliar

Subject / Sujeto

Verb / verbo

Complement / Complemento

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Inglés Básico

Sentences Changing to Questions (Cambio de oraciones afirmativas a preguntas) Examples You walk every day. (Tu caminas a diario) Do you walk every day? (¿Tu caminas a diario?)

We eat in a restaurant. (Nosotros comemos en un restaurant) Do we eat in a restaurant? (¿Nosotros comemos en un restaurant?)

Affirmative form (Oraciones afirmativas): Examples: • Do they play football every day? •

(¿Ellos juegan football todos los días?) Yes, they do. Yes, they play football every day Si, ellos juegan futbol todos los días.

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Inglés Básico

•

Do you read History books?

•

(¿Lees libros de Historia?) Yes, I do. Yes, I read History books. (Si, leo libros de Historia)

Negative form (Oraciones negativas): Examples: • Do they play football every day? No, they do not (don´t) No, they don´t play football every day. (No, ellos no juegan futbol todos los días) •

Do you read History books? No, I don´t. (do not) No, I don´t read History books. (No, no leo libros de Historia)

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Inglés Básico

Interrogative form: Para realizar formas interrogativas con los auxiliares Do - Does, seguimos el siguiente esquema:

We Do

They I

Write books in English?

You He Does

She

Write books in English?

It En presencia del auxiliar Does en la oración interrogativa la (s) o (es) al final del verbo se omite. Ejemplo: a)

I study English. (Yo estudio Inglés.) Do you study English? (¿Tu estudias Inglés?)

b)

He works everyday. (El trabaja todos los días.) Does he work everyday? (¿El trabaja todos los días?)

Sentences Changing to interrogative form (Cambio de oraciones afirmativas a forma interrogative) Examples: I play the guitar. (Yo toco la guitarra)

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Do you play the guitar? (¿Tu tocas la guitarra?)

She writes everyday. (Ella escribe todos los días) Does she write everyday? (¿Ella escribe todos los días?)

He works every day. (El trabaja todos los días) Does he work every day? (¿El trabaja todos los días?)

Affirmative form (Oraciones afirmativas): Examples: Do they eat fish? (¿Ellos comen pescado?) Yes, they do. (Si, ellos comen) Yes, they eat fish. (Si ellos comen pescado) Does she write in Spanish? (Ella escribe en Español) Yes, she does. Yes, she writes in Spanish. (Si, ella escribe en Español)

Negative form (Oraciones negativas): Examples:

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Inglés Básico

Do they study English? (¿Ellos estudian Inglés?) No, they don’t. (No ellos no.) No, they don’t study English. (No, ellos no estudian Inglés) Do you read the newspaper? (¿Tu lees el periódico?) No, I don’t. ( No, yo no.) No, I don’t read the newspaper. (No, yo no leo el periódico) Does she clean the house every Saturday? (¿Ella limpia la casa todos los Sábados?) No, she doesn´t (does not) No, she doesn´t clean the house every Saturday. (No, ella no limpia la casa todos los Sábados) Does he clean the room? (¿El limpia la habitación?) No, he doesn´t. (does not) No, he doesn´t clean the room. (No, el no limpia la habitación) We can use these expressions to Express Likes and Dislikes (Podemos usar estas expresiones para decir lo que nos gusta o disgusta)  I like to dance Merengue Express Likes (Expresar gustos)

 We like to study on weekends  She likes to work in the morning

 She doesn’t like to play tennis. Express Dislikes (Expresar lo que no nos gusta)

 Jhon doesn’t like to watch TV.  We don’t like to eat fish.  They don’t like to speak in class.

OCCUPATIONS / OCUPACIONES

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Inglés Básico

En Inglés al igual que en Español existe una gama de ocupaciones, entre las cuales tenemos: Teacher

Profesor (a)

Student

Estudiante

Dentist

Dentista

Doctor

Doctor

Nurse

Enfermera

Accountant

Contador

Lawyer

Abogado

Waiter

Mesonero

Waitress

Mesonera

Actress

Actriz

Engineer

Ingeniero

Mechanic

Mecánico

Architect

Arquitecto

Housewife

Ama de casa

Cashier

Cajero

Manager

Gerente

Butcher

Carnicero

Baker

Panadero

Farmer

granjero

Ejemplo: -

Sara is a lawyer.

-

Robert is an accountant.

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Inglés Básico

Nota: Es necesario colocar el artículo indeterminado o indefinido ( a / an ) antes de una ocupación. Simple Present / Presente Simple We also use the present simple to talk about things that happen repeatedly. (También usamos el presente simple para hablar acerca de las cosas que pasan repetidamente)

always I / We / They

study English

usually play soccer

often sometimes

He / she / it

studies French plays volleyball

Rarely Never

Examples:  I always study English.  They sometimes play volleyball.  He often studies English.  She usually plays Volleyball. VERBO TO HAVE / VERBO TENER En el idioma Inglés el verbo to have se considera como un verbo irregular, y en el tiempo presente simple se utiliza para expresar posesión (tener). En el tiempo presente simple el verbo to have presenta las siguientes conjugaciones:

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Inglés Básico

Affirmative form (Forma afirmativa)

I

He

You

have

We

She

has

It

They

Ejemplo: -

I have a dog. (Yo tengo un perro)

-

Mary has three sisters. (Mary tiene tres hermanas)

Negative form (Forma negativa) Se debe utilizar el auxiliar Do – Does en forma negativa Do not / Don’t o Does not / doesn’t y el to have debe ser expresada en su forma básica (have). I You

Do not have

We

Don’t have

They

He She It

Ejemplo: -

I don’t have problems.

105

Does not have Doesn’t have

Inglés Básico

-

Miriam doesn’t have problems.

Interrogative form / Forma interrogative Debemos recordar que existen dos tipos de preguntas: a)

Information question / Preguntas de información

WH – Question

+ auxiliar + subjetc + have + complement ?

Palabra interrogativa + auxiliar + sujeto + have + complemento ? Ejemplo : -

What do you have in your pocket ?

-

I have money in my pocket.

WH - Question words. ( Palabras interrogatives WH) What?

¿Que o cual?

Where?

¿Donde?

Who?

¿Quien?

Why?

¿Por qué?

When?

¿Cuando?

Yes / No questions ( Preguntas Si / No) Para formular estas preguntas debemos seguir el siguiente patrón:

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Inglés Básico

Auxiliar Do / Does + subject + have + complement? (Auxiliar Do / Does + sujeto + have + complemento?)

Ejemplo: Question (Pregunta) - Do Peter and Henry have classes? (¿Peter y Henry tienen clases?) Short affirmative/negative answer. (Respuesta corta afirmativa/negativa) - Yes, they do. (Si, ellos si) - No, they don’t (No, ellos no) Long affirmative answer. (Respuesta larga afirmativa) - Yes, they have classes. ( Si, ellos tienen clases) - No, they don’t have classes. ( No, ellos no tienen clases) Examples: 

I have a pencil



Do I have a pencil? We have a teacher



Do we have a teacher? Alice has a car



Does She have a car? Carlos has a house Does he have a house?

Exercises Exercise 1 a. Answer the following questions in affirmative and negative form.

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Inglés Básico

Example: Do you watch T.V. every Sunday? Yes, I watch T.V every Sunday. No, I don’t watch T.V every Sunday. 1. Does he dance Joropo music?

2. Do they read in English?

b. Complete these sentences wiht Do – Does Jackie study French? We have classes everyday? The cat eat cheese? They clean the garage? c. Write 3 sentences and change to interrogative form. 1. 2. 3.

Exercise 2 Complete the sentences with Do or Does. 1. ________ she go to the movies everyday? 2. ________ people eat breakfast at 7:30? 3. ________ Mr. Lander and his wife write a letter to his son?

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Inglés Básico

Exercise 3 Rewrite the sentences, using the adverb in parenthesis. Example: I have coffee in the morning (always) I always have coffee in the morning. 1. Her husband walks in the afternoon (often) _____________________________________________________________ 2. He goes shopping (sometimes) _____________________________________________________________ 3. We watch a movie on TV (seldom) _____________________________________________________________ 4. We are in bed before 12 (never) _____________________________________________________________ 5.- I am at work at 7:30 (usually) _____________________________________________________________ Exercise 4 Change to interrogative sentence. (Cambie a la forma interrogativa) Example: You have a cat. Do you have a cat? a. I have a bicycle b.

Heleny has a sister.

c.

Wilfredo has a ball.

Exercise 5 Underline the correct verb in parenthesis. (Subraye el verbo correcto)

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Inglés Básico

Example: My mother (have – has) a house 1.

They (have – has) many students.

2.

Belkis (have – has) two boys.

3.

The dog (have – has) a bone.

Exercise 6 Answer the following Questions. Give affirmative and negative long answers. (Responda las siguientes preguntas. Use respuestas largas afirmativas y negativas) Example: Do you have a notebook? Yes, I have a notebook. No, I don’t have a notebook 1.

Does Aquiles have a horse?

2.

Do we have a class?

3.

Does Sonia have black eyes?

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Inglés Básico

Vocabulary

Alone Also Always Bone Book Boy Change Clean Dance Eat Every day Friends Go Horse House Love Notebook Often Play Pocket Preference Put Read Say Sometimes Study Thing Usually Walk Wallet

Solo También Siempre Hueso Libro Muchacho / niño Cambiar Limpiar Bailar Comer Todos los días Amigos (as) Ir Caballo Casa Amar Cuaderno Frecuentemente Jugar Bolsillo Preferencia Colocar Leer Decir Algunas veces Estudiar Cosa Usualmente Caminar Billetera

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Inglés Básico

Watch Work Write

Mirar Trabajar Escribir

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación Part I Answer these questions in affirmative complete answers. ( Conteste estas preguntas en forma completa y afirmativa) Example: Do you go to school every day? Yes, I go to school everyday. 1.

Does Mary live in Maracay?

2.

Do we Speak English?

3.

Does he Study every day?

4.

Does she have to clean the apartment?

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Inglés Básico

Part II Complete these sentences. (Completar estas oraciones) Example: Does she live alone? No, she doesn´t. She lives with two friends. 1. ___________ your sister ________________ in Caracas? Yes, she ____________. 2. We ________ n’t ________ in a flat. We _____in a house. 3. Where _________ you _________________ ? I __________________ in Maracaibo. Part III Complete these sentences with: Has – have - do – does (Completar estas oraciones con has – have – do – does ) Example: She has a dog. 1. ________________ they work every day? 2. We ________________ five friends. 3. ________ Peter have a beautiful house?. Part IV Underline the correct verb or auxiliary in parenthesis. (Subrayar el everbo o auxiliary correcto) Example:

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Inglés Básico

a. b. c. d.

She (write – writes) in English. Does Peter (play – plays) the piano? What (do – does) he like to Study? Do you (have – has) a blue car? Rosa (have – has) a pen.

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

Part I

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Inglés Básico

1. 2. 3. 4.

Yes, she lives in Maracay. Yes, we speak English. Yes, he studies every day. Yes, she has to clean the apartment.

Part II 1. Does – live – does 2. Do – live - live 3. Do – live – live

Part. III 1. Do 2. Have 3. Does Part. IV: a. Play b. Does c. Have d. Has

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito

Write a ten (10) lines paragraph about your preferences. Talk about what you like and dislike. (Escriba un parrafo de diez (10) líneas acerca de tus preferencias. Hable acerca de lo que le gusta y no le gusta) 1.

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Inglés Básico

2.

3.

4.

5.

Unidad VII

Tiempo futuro.

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir oraciones en inglés en forma oral y escrita utilizando el going to y el auxiliar will.

Contenido •

Tiempo futuro con will  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Contracciones con will

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Inglés Básico

•

Tiempo futuro con going to  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas

Información de la unidad Las formas simples de como construir el tiempo futuro en Inglés son: Futuro con Will Se construye con el sujeto, luego will, seguido por el verbo que determinará la acción futura y un complemento si es necesario.

Ejemplo: I will study English tomorrow. (Yo estudiaré Inglés mañana) She will be in Maturín next August. (Ella estará en Maturin el próximo Agosto)

Grammar SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: WILL (Tiempo futuro simple : will) Subject + will + verb + complement (Sujeto + will + verbo + complemento) Look at this:

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Inglés Básico

morning tomorrow

I You He she It We They

afternoon night

will

be there

week

do it

next

saturday april

soon tonight

Examples: You will be an important Doctor. (Tu sera un doctor importante) I’ll learn English. (Yo aprenderé Inglés) I’ll meet people from other country (Yo conoceré gente de otro país) I’ll win a price. (Yo ganaré un premio) I’ll have fun (Yo me divertiré) Nota: En los ejemplos anteriores aparece la contracción afirmativa del auxiliar

will (‘ll), el cual se usa con todos los pronombres personales: I’ll,

he’ll, she’ll, we’ll, you’ll, they’ll. We use Will when

we decide to do something at the moment we talk.

(Usamos “will” cuando decidimos hacer algo en el momento en que hablamos) Example: I´ll clean my house this afternoon (Yo limpiaré mi casa esta tarde.) We also use will to talk about predictions in the future. (También podemos usar “will” para hablar de predicciones en el futuro) Interrogative form. (Forma interrogativa)

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Inglés Básico

Yes/No questions. (Preguntas Si/No) Will + Subject + verb + complement? (Will + Sujeto + verbo + complemento?) Example: Will you sleep late? (¿Dormirás hasta tarde?) Will Henry travel to Europe next month? (Henry viajará a Europa el próximo mes? Information questions. (Preguntas de información) Wh – questions + will + subject + verb + complement? ( Palabra interrogativa + will + sujeto + verbo + complemento? ) Example: -

What will you learn there? (¿Que aprenderás allá?)

-

Where will be the party tomorrow? (¿Donde sera la fiesta mañana?)

Affirmative and negative answers. (Respuestas afirmativas y negativas) Example: Will you visit your relatives next vacation? (Visistarás a tus familiares las próximas vacaciones?) Yes, I will (Short answer) Yes, I’ll visit my relatives next vacation. (Long answer) No, I won’t. (Short answer) No, I won’t visit my relatives next vacation. (Long answer)

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Inglés Básico

FUTURE WITH VERB TO BE + GOING TO. (futuro con el verbo to be + going to) Subject + to be + going to + complement (Sujeto + to be + going to + complemento) Examples: I’m going to write a letter later. (Voy a escribir una carta más tarde) He’s going to work at the bank. (El va a trabajar en el banco.) It’s going to drink milk. (Va a tomar leche) Interrogative form. (Forma interrogative) Yes/No questions. (Preguntas Si/No) To be + Subject +going to + complement? (To be + sujeto + going to + complemento?) Example: Am I going to write a letter? Is he going to work at the bank? Is it going to drink milk? Information question. (Preguntas de información) Wh – questions + to be + subject + going to + verb + complement? ( Palabra interrogativa + to be + sujeto + going to + verbo + complemento ) Example:

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Inglés Básico

What is he going to do tonight? Where are you going to travel? Affirmative and negative answers. (Respuesta afirmativas y negativas) -

Are you going to write a letter? (Vas tu a escribir una carta) Yes, I am. (Short answer) Yes, I am going to write a letter. (Long answer) No, I am not. (Short answer) No, I am not going to write a letter. (Long answer)

Exercises Exercise 1 Give a complete answer in affirmative or negative form. (De una respuesta completa en forma afirmativa o negativa) Example: Will you play football tomorrow? Yes, I will play football tomorrow / No I won’t play football tomorrow. a.

Will they learn a new Language?

b.

Will she cook next week?

c.

What will he do next Saturday?

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Inglés Básico

Exercise 2 Arrange these Sentences. (Ordene estas oraciones) Example: Go – will – Mérida – I – To - Tomorrow. I will go to Mérida tomorrow. 1.

Will – move – she – to – Caracas – in – January.

2.

They – travel – will – next – to – the beach - Saturday

3.

Work – you – will – next - July

Exercise 3 Write 3 Sentences Using Will”. (Escriba 3 oraciones usando “will”) Example: Teresa will travel to Japan next year. a.

________________________________________________________

b.

________________________________________________________

c.

________________________________________________________

Exercise 4 Read the following dialogue. (Lea el siguiente dialogo) Carlos:

We’re going to play tennis this afternoon. Do you want to go?

Alice:

Thanks, but I’m going to stay at home this afternoon. I’m going to watch T.V.

Exercise 5

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Inglés Básico

Answer the following questions in affirmative or negative form. ( Respond alas siguientes preguntas en forma afirmativa o negativa) Ejemplo: Is she going to go to bed early? Yes, she’s going to go to bed early / No, she isn’t going to go to bed 1.

early. Are they going to watch T.V.?

2.

Are you going to cook dinner this afternoon?

3.

Is he going to play next Sunday?

4.

What are they going to do next Weekend?

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Inglés Básico

Vocabulary Next Sunday

El próximo Domingo

Next week

La próxima semana

Soon

Pronto

To come

Venir

To cook

Cocinar

To decide

Decidir

To go

Ir

To know

Saber

To play

Jugar

To Stay

Quedarse

To think

Pensar

To travel

Viajar

To watch

Observar

Tomorrow

mañana

morning

Mañana en la mañana

Tomorrow night

Mañana en la noche

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Inglés Básico

Self - evaluation / Autoevaluación

A)

Complete the sentences. Use future with going to.(Complete las oraciones. Use futuro con going to)

Example: Carlos

is

1. Peter 2. Are you 3. What 4. ______ she

B)

going to play soccer. going to study tonight. cook dinner? they do this afternoon? go to the beach next Saturday?

Ask someone if he or she is going to do the following activities. (Preguntar a alguien si el o ella va a hacer las actividades siguientes)

Example: Cook dinner Are you going to cook dinner tonight? 1. Read the newspaper 2.

Play baseball

3.

Go to bed early

4.

Wash your car

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Inglés Básico

C)

Write Sentences using “Will”. (Escriba oraciones usando will)

Example: Learn to speak English I will learn to speak English. 1. Travel a lot. 2.

Move to a different city.

3.

Be a good student.

4.

Pass the English test.

D)

Complete these sentences. Use will or going to. (Complete estas oraciones. Use wil o going to)

Example: Tomorrow we are 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

going to

Don´t go out now. You Look out! That ladder is We’re have a baby. Look. It’s rain. Don´t smoke that. You

the beach. get wet. fall. get sick.

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

A) 1. 2.

Going to Are - going to

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Inglés Básico

3.

Is - Going to

B) 1. 2. 3.

Are you going to play baseball this evening? Are you going to go bed early this evening? Are you going to wash your car this evening?

C) 1. 2. 3. 4.

I will travel a lot. I will move to a different city. I will be a good student. I will pass the English test.

D) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Will Going to Going to Going to Will

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito

Write a ten (10) line dialogue talking about future actions. (Escriba un diálogo de 10 léneas acerca de acciones futures) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Inglés Básico

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unidad VIII

Verbo to be en pasado

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir oraciones en Inglés, en forma oral y escrita, utilizando el verbo to be en pasado.

Contenido •

Verbo to be en pasado

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Inglés Básico

 Was, were •

Uso del:  There was  There were

Información de la unidad En esta unidad utilizamos el verbo to be (ser o estar) para expresar acciones realizadas en tiempo pasado (was, were), al igual que podemos expresar una relación de existencia del pasado (there was, there were).

Grammar Past tense of to be : was - were (Pasado del verbo to be: was – were)

I You

was were was

She He It

129

here

yesterday

there

last week

Inglés Básico

We You

were

They

Negative form (forma negative) I he

was + not = wasn’t

she it we you

= were + not = weren’t

they Examples: A. Affirmative sentences (Oraciones afirmativas) Subject

+

to be

(Sujeto

+

to be +

I She They You

was was were were

+

Complement complemento)

at home yesterday in the library last week in the stadium last night in the park this morning

B. Interrogative question form with was – were (Oraciones interrogatives: was – were)

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Inglés Básico

to be

+

(¿to be Was Was Were Were

Subject

+

Complement?

sujeto

+

complemento?)

+

I She They You

in the house yesterday? in the library last week? in the stadium last night? in the park this morning?

Question form (Oraciones interrogatives) I She was He It We were You they

Affirmative answer Yes, I – he – she – it Yes, you - we – they Negative answer No, I – he – she – it No, you - we – they

there?

there?

was were wasn’t weren’t

Quantity expressions (expresiones de cantidad) was There

wasn’t There

Were

weren’t

Question form (Oraciones interrogativas) Was

a book on the table? There

Were

apples on the table?

Affirmative answer Yes, there was a book on the table. (Si, había un libro sobre la mesa) Yes, there were apples on the table. (Si, habían manzanas sobre la mesa)

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Inglés Básico

Negative answer No, there wasn’t a book on the table. (No, no había un libro sobre la mesa) No, there weren’t apples on the table. (No, no habían manzanas sobre la mesa) Estas estructuras también pueden ser respondidas en forma corta. Ejemplo: Was there a teacher in class? Yes, there was. No, there wasn’t. Were there books on the table Yes, there were. No, there weren’t. Nota: There was not

=

There wasn’t

There were not

=

There weren’t

Affirmative answer Was - Were 1. Were you in the house yesterday? (¿Estabas tu en la casa ayer?) a) Yes, I was. b) Yes, I was in the house yesterday. (Si, yo estaba en la casa ayer) 132

Inglés Básico

2. Were you in the park this morning? (¿Estabas en el parque esta mañana?) a) Yes, I was. b) Yes, I was in the park this morning. (Si, yo estaba en el parque esta mañana) Negative answer Wasn’t – Weren’t 1. Were you in the school last week? (¿Estabas en la escuela la semana pasada? a. No, I wasn’t. b. No, I wasn’t in the school last week. (No, yo no estuve en la escuela la semana pasada) 2. Was she at el

the university last year? (¿Estaba ella en la Universidad

año pasado?) a. No, she wasn’t b. No, she wasn’t at the university last year. (No, ella no estaba en la Universidad la semana pasada)

Exercises 1. Change the following sentences to the interrogative form. (Cambie las siguientes oraciones a la forma interrogativa) Example: She was at the disco last Saturday Was she at the disco last Saturday?

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1-Mary and Rose were students last year. _______________________________ 2-The secretary was in the office. _______________________________ 3-The dog was in the park. _______________________________ 4- The doctors were in the hospital. _______________________________ 2. Answer in a complete negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa y completa)

Example: Was Robert at the beach last weekend? No, he wasn’t at the beach last weekend. 1-Was Margaret in the country? ________________________________ 2-Were Pedro and Betsy very happy at the party? ________________________________ 3-Were you in class this morning? ________________________________ 4-Was your father at home yesterday? ________________________________

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Inglés Básico

3. Answer in a complete affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa y completa) Example: Were the students in class? Yes, they were in class. 1. Was the man at the park? ________________________________ 2. Were they in the patio? ________________________________ 3. Were you a teacher in the school? ________________________________ 4. Underline the correct word in parenthesis. (Subrayar la palabra correcta en parentesis) Example: I (was were) a secretary. 1- They (wasn’t

weren’t) in Maracaibo.

2- Margaret (was were) a nurse here. 3- The children (were was) in the laboratory this morning.

5. Complete the dialogue. Use was-were-wasn’t-weren’t. (Complete el diálogo. Use was – were – wasn’t – weren’t) Example 135

Inglés Básico

Julia: Andres, were

you at the party last night?

Andres: Yes, I _______ Julia: _________ Margaret and Peter there? Andres: No, they ___________ 6. Complete with was - were – wasn’t – weren’t (Complete con was – were – wasn’t – weren’t) Example There were many people at the beach 1.- There _________ lots of baseball players there last night. 2.- There _________ few fruits in the refrigerator. 3.- There _________ much money in my pocket. 4.- There _________ some dictionaries here yesterday. 7. Change into negative sentences. (Cambie a la forma negativa) Example There were pencils on the chairs. There weren’t pencils on the chairs. 1. There was a man in the drugstore. ___________________________ 2. There were four cars in the garage. ___________________________ 3. There were lots of books here yesterday. ___________________________

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Inglés Básico

4. There was a doctor in the hospital. ___________________________

8. Change to interrogative form. (Cambie a la forma interrogative) Example: There was a beautiful girl at the meeting. Was there a beautiful girl at the meeting? 1. There were many dogs in your house. _______________________________ 2. There was a lot of coffee in the pot. _______________________________ 3. There were two men standing at the door. _______________________________ 4. There was a child at home. _______________________________ Exercise 9 A.- Read the paragraph. (Lea el parrafo) Regina lived in La Victoria Aragua State eight years ago. Her house was near Jose Felix Ribas Square, downtown. There was a big avenue near her home, there were many shops, four restaurants, two banks and a theatre on the avenue. She liked her house very much.

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Inglés Básico

B.- Answer the questions about the paragraph. (Responda las preguntas acerca del párrafo) Example Was there a big avenue near her home? Yes, there was 1.-

How many shops were there on the avenue? ________________________________________________________

2.-

Was her house far from downtown? ________________________________________________________

3.-

What square was near her house? ________________________________________________________

4.-

How many theatres were there? ________________________________________________________

C.- Underline the correct answer. (Subraye la respuesta correcta) Example: There ( was – were ) many shops near her house. 1.

There ( was – were ) a big avenue in La Victoria.

2.

There ( was – were ) two banks in the avenue.

3.

There ( was – were ) a square near her house.

10.

Complete the conversation. Use was – wasn’t – were – weren’t. (Complete la conversación. Use was – wasn’t – were – weren’t)

Example:

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Inglés Básico

Pedro:

Where were you last night?

Alice:

I _______ at home.

Pedro:

No, you ___________ I phoned you and you __________ there.

Alice:

I _____________ with my friend Daysi.

11.

Complete with the question words. Use how many – where – when – what.

Example: How many

books were on the table?

1.-

___________ restaurants were there in the avenue?

2.-

___________ were you in Margarita Island?

3.-

___________ were you this morning?

4.-

___________ color was your car?

12. Answer these questions with the words in parenthesis. (Conteste estas preguntas con las palabras en paréntesis) Example: How many apples were there in the refrigerator? (Six) There were six apples in the refrigerator. 1.- How many students were there at the game? (Many) __________________________________________________ 2.- How many parks were there near your house? (Two) __________________________________________________ 3.- How many pencils were there on the table? (Three) __________________________________________________ 4.- How much sugar was there in your coffe? (Little) __________________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

Vocabulary / Vocabulario Beautiful

Bello – Bonito

Bolivarian

Bolivariana

Classroom

Aula de clase

Country

País – Campo

Desk

Escritorio

Dictionaries

Diccionarios

Engineer

Ingeniero

Farmer

Granjero – Agricultor

Fruit

Fruta

Happy

Feliz

Home

Hogar

House

Casa

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Inglés Básico

Lawyer

Abogado

Liberator

Liberador

Library

Biblioteca

Nurse

Enfermera

Park

Parque

Party

Fiesta

People

Gente

Republic

República

Restaurant

Restaurante

School

Escuela

Square

Plaza

Tall

Alto

University

Universidad

Yard

Patio

Yesterday

Ayer

Last week

la semana pasada

Last month

el mes pasado

Last Sunday

el domingo pasado

Last night

anoche

Last year

el año pasado

This morning

esta mañana

Live

Vivir

Help

Ayudar

Liberate

Liberar

Be born

Nacer

(Was/Were) Born

Nació/Nacieron

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Inglés Básico

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación

A) Answer in affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa) Example: Were they in the school? Yes, they were in the school. 1.- Was Susan a nurse? _____________________________ 2.- Were they at the university? _____________________________ 3.- Were we in Mérida last sunday?

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Inglés Básico

_____________________________ 4.- Was the dog in the street this morning? _____________________________ B) Answer in a complete negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa) Example: Was Susan an accountant? No, she wasn’t an accountant. 1.- Was Sara a good player? _____________________________ 2.- Were the men in the restaurant? _____________________________ 3.- Was he a farmer? _____________________________ 4.- Were Angel and Dorys engineers? _____________________________ C) Complete the dialogue, use these forms: was - were - wasn’t - weren’t (Complete el diálogo, use estas formas: was - were - wasn’t - weren’t) Example: He was a good student last year 1.- They _______ in class last week. 2.- Maria and Pedro ____________ good lawyers 3.- Vicente _______ a Mathematic teacher in this school 4.- We ________ here yesterday

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Inglés Básico

D) Answer in affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa) Example: Were you here yesterday? Yes, I was here yesterday. 1- Was there a picture on the wall? __________________________________ 2- Were there many workers in the company? __________________________________ 3- Was there a book on the table? __________________________________ 4- Were there many classrooms in the school? __________________________________

E) Answer in negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa) Example: Was there a tall man near here? No, there wasn’t a tall man near here. 1. Were there students sitting on the chairs? __________________________________ 2. Were there any erasers on the desk? __________________________________ 3. Was there a cat at the home? __________________________________ 4. Was there a car in the garage?

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Inglés Básico

__________________________________ F) Read the following paragraph and answer the questions. (Lea el siguiente parrafo y conteste las preguntas) Simón Bolivar was the Liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. He helped to liberate others latinoamerican nations. He was born in Caracas on July 24th in 1783. Example Who was Simon Bolivar? He was the Liberator of Venezuela. 1.- Where was Simon Bolivar born? ___________________________________________________________ 2.- When was he born? ___________________________________________________________ 3.- Was Simon Bolivar the Liberator of Ecuador an Peru? ___________________________________________________________ 4.- Was Simón Bolívar the Liberator of Mexico? ___________________________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

A) 1.- Yes, she was a nurse. 2.- Yes, they were at the university. 3.- Yes, you were in Mérida last Sunday. 4.- Yes, the dog was in the street this morning. B) 1.- No, she wasn’t a good player. 2.- No, they weren’t in the restaurant. 3.- No, he wasn’t a farmer. 4.- No, they weren’t engineers.

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Inglés Básico

C) 1.- Were 2.- Were 3.- Was 4.- Were D) 1.- Yes, there was a picture on the wall. 2.- Yes, there were many workers in the company. 3.- Yes, there was a book on the table. 4.- Yes, there were many classrooms in the school.

E) 1.- No, there weren’t students sitting on the chairs. 2.- No, there weren’t erasers on the desk. 3.- No, there wasn’t a cat in the house. 4.- No, there wasn’t a car in the garage. F) 1.- He was born in Caracas. 2.- He was born on July 24th 1783. 3.- Yes, he was. 4.- No, he wasn’t .

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Inglés Básico

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten line paragraph about your last vacation, using the past form of to be (was – were – there was – there were).

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Inglés Básico

Unidad IX Ordenes, ubicación y dirección Objetivo Terminal Expresar en inglés, oraciones relacionadas con las direcciones y



ubicaciones de personas y lugares, en forma oral y escrita.

Contenido -

Oraciones imperativas

-

Direcciones y/o localización

-

Preposiciones: in, on, under, behind, between, close to.

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Inglés Básico

Información de la unidad En esta unidad se tratarán los siguientes puntos: 

Las oraciones imperativas, las cuales se utilizan para dar órdenes y prohibiciones. Ej.: Sit down, please

(Siéntese por favor)

Don’t smoke in class (No fume en clase) 

Expresiones para localizar lugares y dar direcciones. Ej.: Where is the house? (¿Donde está la casa?) It’s on second street. (Está en la segunda calle?)

Grammar / Gramática Command sentences (oraciones imperativas) 

En inglés el imperativo se construye con la forma infinitiva del verbo sin la partícula To.



En una oración imperativa el sujeto es siempre You, pero no se escribe ni se dice.



El imperativo se usa para dar órdenes, direcciones y prohibiciones.

Read the following sentences (Lea las siguientes oraciones): •

Sit down. (Siéntese)

•

Be here at 7:30 (Esté aquí a las 7:30)

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Inglés Básico

•

Don’t be late. (No llegues tarde)

•

Call Mary. ( Llama a Mary)

•

Don’t smoke in class. (No fumes en clase)

•

Do not throw the litter on the street, pick it up. (No lances el envase en la calle, recógelo)

•

Watch out ! (Ten cuidado)

AFFIRMATIVE

AND NEGATIVE

Affirmative Base of verb

Complement

•

BE

here at 7:30

•

CALL

Mary

•

SIT

down

Negative Do not / Don’t + Base form of verbs

151

Imperatives:

Inglés Básico

Do not throw

litter on the street

Don’t smoke

in class!

Locate people and places (Ubicar personas y lugares) Para pedir información acerca de la ubicación de personas y lugares, se puede usar where al preguntar.

Question Where is the restaurant ? (¿Donde está el restaurant?) Where is Mary ? (¿Donde está Mary?) Where are you?

Answer On Bolívar Av. (En la Av. Bolívar) At the bank. (En el banco) We’re at the supermarket.

152

Inglés Básico

(¿Donde están ustedes?)

(Estamos en el supermercado)

En las respuestas se usan las preposiciones de lugar: on, at. El primero se utilize para referirsen a calles o avenidas y el Segundo se emplea para referirse a establecimientos. Contraction: Where is

= Where’s

(Donde está?)

Example: 1. The hospital is on Páez Street. (El hospital está en la calle Paez) 2. The library is on Bolívar Avenue. (La biblioteca está en la avenida Bolívar)

Exercises Exercise 1 Fill the blanks with an affirmative or negative imperative sentence. (Rellene los espacios con una oración imperativa, afirmativa o negativa) Turn Leave

drink wear

drive look

Example:

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Inglés Básico

Wear the seat belt. 1.

___________

and drive.

2.

___________

left.

3.

___________

at the picture.

4.

___________

carefully.

5.

Mr. López isn’t here right now. _________ a message.

Exercises 2 Answer the following questions. Use on – at. . (Responda las siguientes preguntas. Use on – at)

Example Where’s the post office? It’s on Páez Avenue. 1.

Where’s the library?

_____________________________________________________________ 2.

Where’s the police station?

_____________________________________________________________ 3.

Where’s the department store?

_____________________________________________________________ 4.

Where’s the school?

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Inglés Básico

_____________________________________________________________

Practice these dialogues. (Practique estos diálogos) 1) A:

Excuse me, is the hotel near here?

B:

I’m sorry. I don’t know.

A:

Thanks.

A:

Excuse me, is the Mercantil Bank near here?

B:

Yes it is. It’s on Libertad Avenue.

A:

Thank you.

A:

Where’s Jane?

B:

I don’t know.

A:

Where’s Peter?

B:

He’s at the INCE

2)

3)

Locations in a building

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Inglés Básico

Nota: Para indicar ubicaciones dentro de un edificio se utilizan las siguientes expresiones: Upstairs

Arriba

Downstairs

Abajo

Over there

Por allá

Down the hall on the right

Bajando por el pasillo a la derecha

Down the hall on the left

Bajando por el pasillo a la izquierda

In that way

En esa vía / en ese camino

Practice these dialogues. (Practique estos diálogos) 1. A: Where are the restrooms? B: Over there. A: Thanks.

2. A: Where’s the exit? B: It’s down the hall on the right. A: Thanks. 3. A: Where is the cafeteria? B: It’s downstairs. A: Thanks. 4.

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Inglés Básico

A: Where are the elevators? B: That way. A: Thanks. Expressions for giving directions. (Expresiones para dar direcciones) How do I get to the school? (¿Como llego a la escuela?) -

Go straight. (Siga derecho)

-

Walk down. (Camine)

-

Turn right. (Cruce a la derecha)

-

Turn left. (Cruce a la izquierda)

-

It’s on / at the corner. (Está en la esquina)

-

It’s between………. (Está entre…..)

-

One block. (Una cuadra)

Exercise 3 Give directions.

Look at the map and read the conversation below. (Dé

direcciones. Observe el mapa y lea la conversación de abajo)

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Inglés Básico

A. Excuse me, how do I get to the department store? B. Walk down third Avenue until you get to Washington Street. Then turn right at the corner. Go straight. Walk one block. The department store is on the left. A. Where’s the school, please? B. It’s on the Third Avenue, between Lincoln and Main Street. A. How can I get there, please? B. Walk down Washington Street up to Third Avenue turn right and walk one block. It’s on the left at the corner of Main Street and Third Avenue.

Exercise 4 Answer the following questions. (Conteste las siguientes preguntas) 1. a) Where’s the Japanese Restaurant?

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Inglés Básico

_________________________________________ b) How can I get there please? _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2. a) Go down Third avenue to Lincoln street, turn right. It’s between Third Avenue and Fourth Avenue, on the right what is it? ______________ _______________________________________________________ Exercise 5 Match each sentence from the left with its corresponding advice. (Seleccione la alternative correcta) 12345-

I have a headache I worry too much I can’t speak English very well I feel tired everymorning I’m overweight

a) go to the dentist b) practice with friends c) go on a diet d) take some aspirin e) take it easy

Preposition of place (Preposiciones de lugar): Usamos las preposiciones de lugar (in, on, under, betwee ) para decir donde está algo o donde se realiza una actividad. Una preposición viene antes de un sustantivo, seguido generalmente por un verbo IN, ON, UNDER, BETWEEN

159

Prepositions:

Inglés Básico

ON

UNDER

IN

BETWEEN

Excercise 6 Write sentences using the prepositions given. (Escriba oraciones usando las preposiciones dadas) Example: Your hat is on the table. The pen is under the sofa. The car is in the garage. The hospital is between Third and Fourth Avenue 1.

________________________________________

2.

________________________________________

3.

________________________________________

4.

________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

Excercise 7 Practice orally. Making substitution from the box What’s the problem? What’s wrong? What’s the matter? Thanks Thank you A- Oh, no ! B- What’s the problem? A- I lost my umbrella. B- It’s over there on the table Under the table in the closet A- Oh, thanks a lot B- You’re welcome

Don’t mention it

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Inglés Básico

Vocabulary Stand up Go to the board Sit down Raise your hand Open your book Close your book Look at the picture Turn right Turn left Get to Go straight Worry Watch out Pick it up Take it easy I don’t know Overweight Tired Umbrella Exit Near Bank Post office Supermarket Gym Disco Hospital Library Theatre Restaurant Police station

Párese Vaya a la pizarra Siéntese Levante su mano Abra su libro Cierre su libro Mire el cuadro Cruce a la derecha Cruce a la izquierda Llegar a Vaya derecho Preocuparse Cuidado Levántalo Tómelo con calma Yo no sé Sobre peso Cansado Sombrilla Salida Cerca de Banco Oficina postal Supermercado Gimnasio Discoteca Hospital Biblioteca Teatro Restaurant Estación de policía

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Inglés Básico

Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación

A) Match the sentences 1234-

You get into a taxi A father to his son A man stops you on the street A student says to his teacher

a-“Give me my exam, please” b-“I love you very much son” c- “Excuse me, what time is it?” d- “Take me to the airport, please”

B) Translate to Spanish this paragraph. (Traducir al español este parrafo) My name is Carmen Ruíz. I’m from Guárico. I live there, on Miranda Avenue # 15. I work at the INCE Guárico. I can get there by bus because it’s far from my house.

C) Fill the blanks with the prepositions. (Llene los espacios en blanco con las preposiciones) Example: The car is in the garage. 1.

The keys are _________ the table.

2.

The bank is __________ the post office and the restaurant.

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Inglés Básico

3.

The cat sleeps ________ the bed.

4.

The bird is ____________ the cage.

5.

The books are _________ the shelf.

6.

The knives are _________ the drawer.

Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

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Inglés Básico

A) 2.b

3.c

4.a

B) Mi nombre es Carmen Ruíz. Yo soy de Guárico. Yo vivo allá, en la Avenida Miranda # 15. Yo trabajo en el INCE Guárico. Yo puedo allá en autobús porque está lejos de mi casa.

D)

1.-

On

2.-

Between

3.-

Under / on

4.-

In

5.-

On

6.-

In

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito 165

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Write a short paragraph about locations of objects in your office, room or house:

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Unidad X Auxiliar Did, pasado simple

Objetivo Terminal 

Construir oraciones en inglés en forma oral y escrita en pasado simple, utilizando el auxiliar Did.

Contenido •

Uso de auxiliar Did, tiempo pasado simple. a)

Estructuras interrogativas

b)

Esctructuras afirmativas

c)

Estructuras negativas

d)

Contracciones

Información de la Unidad El auxiliar Did se usa en Inglés para interrogar, afirmar y negar en pasado simple. Cuando utilizamos el auxiliar Did para interrogar, la oración queda en pasado y el verbo que se use en la oración siempre tendrá que estar en presente simple. Example: Did they see Patricia at school? Mientras que cuando respondemos en forma larga afirmativa, el verbo que se use en la oración siempre tendrá que estar en pasado simple y debemos obviar el auxiliar Did. La respuesta corta, en cambio, exige la presencia del auxiliar Did.

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Example:

Did they see Patricia at school? Respuesta larga: Yes, they saw Patricia at school. Respuesta corta: Yes, they did.

y cuando el auxiliar Did se use en una respuesta negativa larga, el verbo tendrá que estar en presente simple. Example:

Did they see Patricia at school? Respuesta larga: No, they didn’t see Patricia at school. Respuesta corta: No, they didn’t.

Contracción:

Didn’t = Did not

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Grammar / Gramática Regular Verbs/ Verbos Regulares 1. Infinitive + Ed 2. 3. 4.

Talk + ed = talked infinitive + D Like + D = liked Infinitive – y + ied cry = cried Infinitive + double final consonant + ed Stop = stopped

Irregular Verbs/ Verbos Irregulares Infinitive Be Become Begin Bring Build Buy Come Do Drink Drive Eat Find Read Say See Sell Send Shut Sleep Speak Spend

Past Was / were Became Began Brought Built Bought Came Did Drank Drove Ate Found Read Said Saw Sold Sent Shut Slept Spoke Spent

Infinitive Get Give Go Have Make Leave Learn Know Keep Meet Pay Put Stand Take Teach Tell Think Understand Wear Write

Past Got Gave Went Had Made Left Learnt Knew Kept Met Paid Put Stood Took Taught Told Thought Understood Wore Wrote

Affirmative and Negative: Subject

Verb

Complement

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I You He She We they

Went Didn’t go Did not go

To the supermarket To the bank there

Yesterday Last Saturday Last night

Questions Auxiliary Verb Did Didn’t

Subject He She We They You I

Verb Go

Complement There Last week? Last month? Last night? Last year? At 9:00? Yesterday?

Examples: Short Answers

Yes, (I) did. No, (she) Didn’t.

Long Answers:

Yes, I went to the supermarket yesterday. No, I didn´t go to the supermarket yesterday.

Exercises Exercise 1

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Read the following story. (Lea el siguiente cuento) Part I Alice and Pedro are on vacation. It’s 10:00 at night. They’re on a very dark and lonely country road. Suddenly their car stops. Alice Pedro: Alice: Pedro: Alice Pedro: Alice: Pedro: Alice:

What’s wrong with the car? I don’t know . Did you put in any gas today? I put some in this afternoon. What are we going to do? I’m going to find a phone. I’m going with you. No, It’s freezing! Stay here, lock the door. Please, be careful.

Part II Pedro comes back a few minutes later. Pedro: Alice, It’s me. Open the door. Sorry, did I scare you?. Alice: Yes, you did! Did you find a phone? Pedro: No, but I found a hotel. I went around the corner up there and saw it. They have a room for tonight. We can call a garage tomorrow. Come on! Part III They’re in the hotel room. Pedro goes into the bathroom. There’s a noise outside. Alice: Pedro! Did you hear that? Pedro: What? Alice: I heard something. A strange noise. Pedro: I didn’t hear anything. Alice: You were in the bathroom. Pedro: Yes, and there aren’t any towels. I’m going down to the front desk. Alice: O.K. Pedro: Don’t worry; Alice. I’m not frightened. Pedro: Alice! Alice: What’s the matter?

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Pedro:

I went outside… and I saw someone in the hall. He was wearing a long black coat, like count Dracula. He had two big teeth,

Alice: Pedro:

and…. This isn’t funny, Pedro. He was there! I saw him. He went around the corner and I went

Alice: Pedro: Alice: Pedro:

after him. But there wasn’t anyone there. What? There wasn’t anyone there? That’s right. I didn’t see anyone. Ssh! Did you hear that? It’s that same noise again. Come one, I’m not staying here. Let’s go.

Part IV They are at the front desk Alice: Pedro, look. It’s a Halloween* party Pedro: And there’s count Dracula! Come on, We’re staying! * Halloween is a popular festival that takes place on October 31.

Many

people wear strange, frightening, or funny costumes. There are parades, dances, and parties in many places. B.

Read again and answer these questions. (Lea de nuevo y conteste estas preguntas)

Example: Did Pedro put in any gas today? Yes, he put some gas today. 1. Did he find a phone? 2.

What did he find?

3.

What did Alice hear?

4.

Where was Pedro?

5.

What did Pedro see?

6.

What did Pedro and Alice see at the front desk?

7.

How is this party called?

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Exercise 2 Write negative and affirmative answers to these questions. (Escriba respuestas negativas y afrimativas a estas preguntas) Did you drink coffee with breakfast this morning? Yes, I drank coffee with breakfast this

 morning. 

No, I didn’t drink coffee with breakfast

1.

this morning. Did you eat eggs for breakfast this morning?

2.

Did he walk to school today?

3.

Did she drive home this morning?

4.

Did they come to work yesterday evening?

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5.

Did we read the newspaper this morning?

Exercise 3 A.

Write negative sentences.

Use the words in parenthesis. Escriba

oraciones negativas. Use las palabras en parentesis. Example: I woke up at 8:30 (8:15) I didn’t wake up at 8:15 1.

They swam 400 yards. (800 yards)

2.

The lesson began at 9:00. (9:10)

3.

They drank tea (milk)

4.

He ran 100 yards (400 yards)

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Vocabulary A / an Be careful Call Car Come back Corner Count Country Dark Door Few Freezing Front desk Fuel Funny Garage Gas Hall Halloween Here Know Later Lock Lonely Minutes Night Noise Open Outside Party Put Road Stay Scare Story Teeth Today Towel

Uno, una Tener cuidado Llamar Carro Regresar Esquina Conde Campo/ país Oscuro-a Puerta Poco Congelado Recepción Combustible Chistoso, gracioso Garage/taller Gasolina Pasillo Fiesta de brujas Aquí Saber, conocer Más tarde Cerrar con seguro Solitario-a Minutos Noche Ruido Abrir Afuera Fiesta Colocar Camino Quedarse Asustar Cuento Dientes Hoy Toalla

175

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Vacation Very With Wrong

Vacación Muy Con Equivocación, problema

Self – evaluation / Autoevaluación A.- Answer the following questions. Use complete answers. (Conteste las siguientes preguntas. Use respuestas completas) Example: What time did María get up this morning? She got up at six o’clock this morning. 1.

Did José have eggs for breakfast?

2.

Did you go to school last week?

3.

What did they play yesterday?

4.

Did your father watch TV last night?

B. Read (Lea)

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Last night Carol stayed at home. She read a novel until 12 P.M. It was late and she was tired so she went to bed. In the morning she got up early, at 7 a.m. she watched TV for 15 minutes. Then she had juice, coffee, bread, and cheese at home. It was Saturday and schools are closed on Saturdays. At 8 a.m. she went to the library. Carol is a good student.

Write true or false. If you write false, write the true information. (Escriba verdadero o falso. Si escribes falso, suministra la información verdadera) Example: F Carol was in the library yesterday evening. Carol stayed at home yesterday evening. 1.

She read a novel yesterday.

2.

She went to sleep last night about 10 p.m.

3.

Today she had coffee and juice at school.

4.

She went to the library in the morning.

5.

She watched TV today for two hours.

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Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación

A.1. 2. 3. 4.

Yes, he had eggs for breakfast. No, he didn’t have eggs for breakfast. Yes, I went to school last week No, I didn’t go to school last week. They played (baseball) yesterday. Yes, he watched TV last night. No, he didn’t watch TV last night.

B. 1.

T

2.

F She went to sleep last night about 12 p.m.

3.

F She had coffee and juice at home.

4.

T

5.

F She watched TV today for 15 minutes

Written Work / Trabajo Escrito

178

Inglés Básico

Write a 10 line paragraph about a what you did yesterday. ( Escribe un párrafo de diez (10) líneas.

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Inglés Básico

Prueba de revision final Unidades I al X

I. Arrange the following sentences. (Organice las oraciones siguientes) Example: at – at – 3 o’clock – she – ten – is – usually – home She usually is at home at three o’clock. 1) in – August – takes – always – vacation – she ___________________________________________________________

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2) an – has – Helen – to – wear – uniform ___________________________________________________________ 3) she – English- everyday – work – practices – at ___________________________________________________________ 4) the – working – is – in – office – the – secretary ___________________________________________________________ II.

Read about Richard Gere and Cindy Crawford, then write the answers of the following questions. (Lea acerca de Richard Gere y Cindy Crawford, luego escriba las respuestas a las siguientes preguntas) Example: What does Richard Gere do? He’s an actor. 1.

What does Cindy Crawford do?

_____________________________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

2.

Name some of his films.

_____________________________________________________________ 3.

Are they married?

_____________________________________________________________ 4.

Where do they live?

_____________________________________________________________ III.

Answer the following questions. (Conteste las siguientes preguntas)

Example: Do you go to the beach every weekend? No, I don’t. / Yes, I do. 1.

Does Alice write books?

_____________________________________________________________ 2.

Do they usually eat in a restaurant?

_____________________________________________________________ 3.

Does he eat chicken everyday?

_____________________________________________________________ 4.

Did he work in the office yesterday?

_____________________________________________________________ 5.

Did you go to school last week?

_____________________________________________________________ 6.

Are you a good student?

_____________________________________________________________ 7.

Is Merly a nurse?

_____________________________________________________________ 8.

What are you doing?

_____________________________________________________________

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Inglés Básico

9.

Are you studying English?

_____________________________________________________________ IV.

Change to question the following sentences. (Cambie a pregunta las siguientes oraciones)

Example: I was born in 1961 When were you born? 1.

She plays tennis every Saturday.

_____________________________________________________________ 2.

They worked late last night.

_____________________________________________________________ 3.

He is going to school.

_____________________________________________________________ 4.

They are cleaning the office.

_____________________________________________________________

V.

Look at the map, then answer the following question: How can I get to the Police Station?

183

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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

184

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Clave de respuesta de la prueba de revisión final

Part I 1.

She always takes vacations in August

2.

Helen has to wear a uniform

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3.

She practices English at work everyday

4.

The secretary is working in the office

Part II 1.

She is an actress

2.

Pretty woman, Yanks, etc.

3.

Yes, they are

4.

They live in USA

Part III 1.

Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.

2.

Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

3.

Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

4.

Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

5.

Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

6.

Yes, I am. No, I am not.

7.

Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.

8.

I’m studying, playing…..

9.

Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

Part IV 1.

Does she play tennis everyday?

2.

Did they work late last night?

3.

Where he is going?

4.

What are they cleaning?

Part V

186

Inglés Básico

Go straight ahead Washington Street. On the second block turn right to Third Avenue. Walk down Third Avenue, then turn left on the second block to Lincoln Street. The Police Station is on the right.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

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- BADALAMENTI V, HENNER Stanchina, C. (2000), Grammar Dimensions, form, meaning and use. Heinle & Heinle. - DU VIVIER, M, HOPKINS, A, POTTER J. (1994), Look Ahead, Teacher`s Book 1 - MAURER, J, SCHOENBERG J. (1999), True Colors Basic, Teacher`s Editor. - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 7° semestre, Caracas - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 8° semestre, Caracas - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 9° semestre, Caracas - _________________ (S/F) Spectrum 1, Student Book, Prentice Hall Regents. - VINEY P, VINEY K, REIN D. (1993), Main Street, Student Book 1, Oxford University Press. -

VINEY P, VINEY K, REIN D. (1993), Main Street Student Book 2.

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