Dbfubi aj Mpjrbîèm
XCS 21; Dbfubi XCS 21; Sjvlsèm 8 Dblm / 3;;1 * [brb jqulpbdjftms hmd HHA
Xbtjh Lfa. j Hmd. Itab CBIBFÎBX XBQZSFM Sub Dbemr Xjzj`rjam, 2:: ‘ [rìalm 2 Cblrrm Dbrjhgbi Smfamf Hbfmbs, SX HJ[ ; @mfj5 (:2) 103.>1;; @bx5 (:2) 108.2;;< ^jc5 J-dbli5gttp5//www.sbturfm.lfa.cr sbturfmKsbturfm.lfa.cr
ÄFALHJ
LFQSMAZÎÈM.............................................. LFQSMAZÎÈM .................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................... ............................................................................. .......... > SJHMDJFABÎÚJX LD[MSQBFQJX................................................................................... LD[MSQBFQJX........................... ................................................................................................................ ........................................................ > 2.
B[SJXJFQBÎÈM B[SJXJFQBÎÈM AM JRZL[BDJFQM JRZL[BDJFQM J HMFJWÚJX........... HMFJWÚJX................. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............ ............. ....... 7 2.2 HBSBHQJS HBSBHQJSÄXQLH ÄXQLHBX..... BX............ .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ..... 7 2.3 NBSBFQLB........ NBSBFQLB............... .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ........ .. < 2.8 LFALHBAM LFALHBAMS S XCS 21;.............. 21;..................... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ........ < 2.8.2 HMFJWÚJX HMFJWÚJX AM [BLF [BLFJI JI QSBXJLSM..... QSBXJLSM............ .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............. .............. ........... .... < 2.8.3 DMXQSBAMS DMXQSBAMSJX JX ....... ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ........... ........... .............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 2; 2.8.8 QJHIBAM QJHIBAM AJ DJDCSBFB....... DJDCSBFB.............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ........... ............ .............. ............. ......... ... 2; 2.8.1 LAJFQL@LH LAJFQL@LHBÎÈM... BÎÈM.......... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............. ............. ........... .... 22 2.1 MCXJSPBÎ MCXJSPBÎÚJX........ ÚJX............... .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ........... ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 23
3.
M[JSBÎÚJX M[JSBÎÚJX AM XCS 21; .............. .................... ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............ ............ ............. ............. .............. ............. .......... .... 28 3.2 M[JSBÎÚJ M[JSBÎÚJX X LFLHLBLX.......... LFLHLBLX................. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ .............. ............. ............. .............. ......... 28 3.3 BHJSQM BHJSQM AJ ABQB J GMSB GMSB ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ............. .............. ............. ......... ... 28 3.8 M[JSBÎÚJ M[JSBÎÚJX X AJ ’HMFAZÎ ’HMFAZÎÈM ÈM Ë UJSM— UJSM— (’UJ (’UJSBDJ SBDJFQM FQM AM ALX[IB\— ALX[IB\—)) .............. ..................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ......... .. 28 3.8.2 ’HMFAZÎÈ ’HMFAZÎÈM M Ë UJSM LFLHL LFLHLBI— BI— ...... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ........... .... 28 3.8.3 ’HMFAZÎÈ ’HMFAZÎÈM M Ë UJSM XJDLXJDL-BZQMD BZQMDÂQLH ÂQLHB— B— ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ......... ... 21 3.8.8 ’HMFAZÎÈ ’HMFAZÎÈM M Ë UJSM BZQMDÂQLH BZQMDÂQLHB— B— (’BZ (’BZQM-UJS QM-UJSM—)5 M—)5 ............. .................... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ......... .... 21 3.1 [SMNSBDB [SMNSBDBÎÈM ÎÈM AB QBSB...... QBSB ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............ ........... ............. ............. ............. ........... .... 21 3.1.2 QBSB @LWB............. @LWB................... ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. ............ ............ .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ......... 21 3.1.3 QBSB ALNLQBAB....... ALNLQBAB.............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ............ .............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 21 3.1.8 HBABXQSM HBABXQSM AJ QBSBX .............. .................... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ........... ............. .............. ............. ........ .. 21 3.: [SMNSBDBÎ [SMNSBDBÎÈM ÈM NJSBI .............. ..................... ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 2: 3.:.2 [SMNSBDBÎ [SMNSBDBÎÈM ÈM AB GBCLILQBÎ GBCLILQBÎÈM ÈM AJ AJXHMFQMX AJXHMFQMX .............. .................... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. .......... .... 2: 3.:.3 [SMNSBDBÎ [SMNSBDBÎÈM ÈM AMX [BSÃDJQSM [BSÃDJQSMX X AJ HMDZFLHB HMDZFLHBÎÈM........ ÎÈM............... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ......... 2> 3.:.8 [SMNSBDBÎ [SMNSBDBÎÈM ÈM AMX [BSÃDJQSM [BSÃDJQSMX X AJ LD[SJXXÈM..... LD[SJXXÈM............ ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .......... ... 2< 3.:.1 BIQJSBÎÈM BIQJSBÎÈM ABX ILFGBX ILFGBX AM HBCJ HBCJÎBIG ÎBIGM M ............. .................... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ........ 3; 3.:.: SJNLXQSM SJNLXQSM AJ FMPMX [SMA [SMAZQMX ZQMX ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ........ .. 3; 3.:.0 SJNLXQSM SJNLXQSM AJ FMPMX HILJF HILJFQJX QJX .............. ..................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............ ............ ............. ......... ... 32 3.:.> B[BNBS B[BNBS ILXQB .............. ..................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ .............. ............. ............. ............. ........ 32 3.:.7 [IBQB@MSD [IBQB@MSDB B PBULB... PBULB.......... ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ........... ............. .............. ............. ......... ... 33 3.:.< BIBSDJ BIBSDJ 2............. 2.................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ......... 33 3.:.2; 3.:.2 ; BIBSDJ BIBSDJ 3............. 3................... ............. .............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .............. ............ ............ .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ......... ... 33 3.:.22 3.:.2 2 FÕDJSM FÕDJSM AJ ILFGBX ILFGBX AJ[MLX AJ[MLX AM QLHOJQ5............ QLHOJQ5................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ........... ........... ............ ..... 33 3.0 DMAMX AJ M[JSBÎÈM M[JSBÎÈM ....... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 38 3.0.2 [JXBNJD [JXBNJD BPZI BPZIXB XB ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ........... ............. .............. ............. ........ .. 38 3.0.3 [JXBNJD [JXBNJD AJ JFQSBAB.... JFQSBAB........... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............ ............. .............. ............. ........ .. 31 3.0.8 [JXBNJD [JXBNJD AJ XBÄAB............. XBÄAB.................... .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ............. ............ ..... 31 3.0.1 SJIBQØSLMX SJIBQØSLMX AJ QMQBLX QMQBLX [MS [SMAZQM....... [SMAZQM.............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............ .......... .... 3: 3.0.: SJIBQØSLMX SJIBQØSLMX AJ M[JSBÎÚJ M[JSBÎÚJX X LFHMD[IJQB LFHMD[IJQBX X ............. .................... .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............ ........ 30 3.0.0 DJFZ AJ ’PBSLÂPJ ’PBSLÂPJLX LX M[JSBHLMFB M[JSBHLMFBLX LX JX[J JX[JHLBLX HLBLX—— .............. .................... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ...... 30 3.0.> B[BNBS B[BNBS SJIBQØSLMX SJIBQØSLMX AJ M[JSBÎÈM M[JSBÎÈM ............. .................... .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ........ 3>
8.
HMDZFLHBÎÈM HMDZFLHBÎÈM XJSLBI ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ....... 37 8.2 HMFJWÈM HMFJWÈM AMX HBFBLX HBFBLX XJSLBLX XJSLBLX ............. .................... .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ............. ...... 37 8.3 HBSBHQJS HBSBHQJSÄXQLH ÄXQLHBX BX AB HMDZFLHBÎ HMDZFLHBÎÈM ÈM .............. .................... ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ...... 37 8.8 DJFXBNJD5 DJFXBNJD5 ’[JXM ’[JXM @MSDBQM @MSDBQM CÂXLH CÂXLHM—....... M—.............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ............. ............. ........ 37 8.1 DJFXBNJD5 DJFXBNJD5 ’[JXM ’[JXM @MSDBQM @MSDBQM HMD LFALH LFALHBAMS BAMSJX— JX—...... ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............ ............ ...... 37 8.: QSBFXDLXX QSBFXDLXXÈM ÈM AJ ’[JXM ’[JXM—— ............. .................... .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ........... ............. ............. ............. ........... .... 3< 8.:.2 QSBFXDLXX QSBFXDLXXÈM ÈM BZQMDÂQLH BZQMDÂQLHB B J HMFQÄFZB HMFQÄFZB AM ’[JXM ’[JXM—5 —5 ............. .................... ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ...... 3< 8.:.3 QSBFXDLXX QSBFXDLXXÈM ÈM DBFZBI DBFZBI AM ’[JXM ’[JXM—5........ —5............... .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ........... ............. ........... .... 3<
1.
DJFXBNJFX DJFXBNJFX AJ JSSM FM LFALHBAMS .............. .................... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ........... ............ .............. ............. ........ .. 8;
LFQSMAZÎÈM Jstj jqulpbdjftm `ml prmejtbam hmf`mrdj bs fmrdbs vlnjftjs, aj bhmram hmd bs dbls dmajrfbs tìhflhbs aj `bcrlhbîèm, vlsbfam btlfnlr m dbls bitm nrbu aj j`lhlåfhlb fb sub utlilzbîèm. B XBQZSFM sjnuj udb pmiätlhb aj ajsjfvmivldjftm hmftäfum aj sjus prmautms, prjsjrvbfam-sj m alrjltm aj bitjrbr jspjhl`lhbîújs tìhflhbs b qubiqujr dmdjftm, sjd bvlsm. Jstj jqulpbdjftm ì fmdjbam pjim Lfstltutm Fbhlmfbi aj Djtrmimnlb (LFDJQSM) hmdm ’Alspmsltlvm Lfalhbamr Jijtrñflhm Alnltbi— dmajim XCS 21; / XLD[IJW j sjrâ rj`jrjfhlbam fjstj dbfubi hmdm bpjfbs ’Lfalhbamr— dmajim XCS 21;.
SJHMDJFABÎÚJX LD[MSQBFQJX
M ’lfalhbamr— ajvj sjr ilnbam jd udb ilfgb aj jfjrnlb jstâvji j jd hlrhult hlrhultm m sjpbrbam ab ilfgb ajstlfbab b bildjftbr dâqulfbs tbls hmdm, bildjftbamrbs, vlcrbamrbs, dâqulfbs aj smiab, jstjlrbs trbfspmrtbamrbs j mutrbs hmd hbrnbs lfautlvbs.
B lfstbibîèm jiìtrlhb ajvj pmssulr `bsj, fjutrm j fjutrm j udb ilfgb aj tjrrb aj tjrrb,, j lfajpjfajftj aj mutrm hlrhultm. [brb hlrhultm. [brb dblmrjs ajtbigjs, jxjhutbr bs fmrdbs FCS:12;-BCFQ FCS:12;-BCFQ Xjîèm aj btjrrbdjftm j vjrl`lhbr Dbfubi aj Mrljftbîèm pbrb Btjrrbdjftm Xbturfm. Btjrrbdjftm Xbturfm.
Xj b tjfsèm bprjsjftbr mshlibîújs jd ajsbhmram hmd b vbrlbîèm pjrdltlab (+2;% ë ‘2:%), rjhmrrb ë hmfhjsslmfârlb aj jfjrnlb jiìtrlhb pbrb b rjnuibrlzbîèm, mu lfstbij ud FM - CSJBO (jftrbr jd hmftbtm hmd b Bsslståfhlb Qìhflhb Qìhflhb Xbturfm Xbturfm). ).
Hjrtl`lquj-sj Hjrtl`lquj -sj aj quj m hbcm aj bildjftbîèm jstâ imfnj aj supjr`ählj supjr`ähl j qujftj, fèm jstâ prjfsbam mu jsdbnbam pmr prmautms mu jqulpbdjftms j fèm jstâ õdlam mu dmigbam. Fèm pjrdltb hmfjxújs tlpm ’Q ’ Q— fb djsdb tmdbab j vjrl`lquj sj m hmfjhtmr jstâ jfhblxbam pjr`jltbdjftj fb tmdbab, sjd `minb.
Hbcm aj bildjftbîèm j tmdbabs5 F
F @ @ Q
Q FJZQSM
@BXJ
@BXJ
QJSSB
QJSSB
HBXM
2
@BXJ/FJZQSM 22; P BH @BXJ/QJSSB 22; P BH FJZQ FJZQSM SM/Q /QJS JSSB SB ;, ;,;: ;: P BH
@BXJ
3
8
23> P BH 23> P BH ;,;: P BH
33; P BH 33; P BH ;,;: P BH
HBXM @BXJ/@BXJ @BXJ/QJSSB
2 33; P BH 23> P BH
M tjrdlfbi fjutrm fèm pmaj jstbr ilnbam bm tjrdlfbi tjrrb. DMQLPM5 tjrrb. DMQLPM5 m fjutrm j m tjrrb bssudjd rj`jråfhlb aj tjfsèm alstlftbs, ajvlam bm ajsjquliäcrlm aj hbrnbs ilnbabs jftrj `bsj j fjutrm. Bssld, jijs ajvjd sjr hmfslajrbams hmfslajrba ms hmdm hlrhultms alstlftms.
B tjfsèm jftrj m fjutrm j m tjrrb fèm ajvj sjr supjrlmr b ;,;: P BH.
Hmfstbtbfam-sj Hmfstbtbfam-s j qubiqujr lrrjnuibrlabaj jd rjibîèm ës hmfalîújs jxpmstbs fèm sj ajvj prmhjajr jd GL[ØQJXJ FJFGZDB FJFGZDB qubiqujr btlvlabaj quj jfvmivb b jfjrnlzbîèm am jqulpbdjftm, btì quj sj tjfgb b lfstbibîèm jiìtrlhb rjnuibrlzbab.
Jvltj utlilzbr m ’lfalhbamr— jd imhbls mfaj gbeb jxhjssm aj vlcrbîèm j tmdbabs mfaj jstjebd ilnbams dmtmrjs, smijfølajs, jth. Ì rjhmdjfabam hmimhbr b cbibfîb j sjus bhjssørlms jd hlrhultm lfajpjfajftj fb hblxb aj alstrlculîèm.
Brq.5 scr21; - dbfubi aj mpjrbîèm (rjv8) - hha
>
2. B[SJXJFQBÎÈM AM JRZL[BDJFQM J HMFJWÚJX HMFJWÚJX 2.2
HBSBHQJSÄXQLHBX
Lfalhbamrjs (vlsubls j smfmrms) Qjhibam
[mrtbs aj Hmduflhbîèm Hmfjhtlvlabaj hmd alspmsltlvms jxtjrfms(3). Mcs.5 Fjd tmams alspmsltlvms pmajd sjr hmfjhtbams slduitbfjbdjftj Sjhursms Mpjrbhlmfbls
Bildjftbîèm
Nbclfjtj j [jsm
LFALHBAMS XCS 21; Alspiby IJA 0 aänltms 21dd (Lfalhbamr aj [jsm)? Alspiby IHA 83 aänltms (3x20) (Lfalhbamr aj Lf`mrdbîújs)? IJA aj Jstbclilabaj? Xlfbilzbamr Xmfmrm (pbrb sltubîújs aj Jrrm, Xmcrjhbrnb ... )? Qlpm djdcrbfb5 20 tjhibs (2; bi`bfudìrlhbs j 0 `ufîújs)? [msslclilabaj aj hmfjxèm hmd tjhibam ’[H hmdpbtävji? Hbfbi Xjrlbi 2 ([rlfhlpbi)5 Clalrjhlmfbi [barèm SX-383 / SX17: (2)? Hbfbi Xjrlbi 3 (Buxlilbr)5 Xø trbfsdlssèm [barèm SX-383 (17;;, 7F2)? Hbfbi bfbi [br [brbi biji jim m aj Xbäa Xbäab b ([ba ([barè rèm m Hjf jftr trmf mflh lhs) s)?? Dlhrm-hmdputbamr ’[H— (2)? Qjhibam Jxtjrfm (pbarèm ’[H—) (2)? Ldprjssmrb [brbijib (1; / 7; hmiufbs) mu Xjrlbi (2)? Mutrm Lfalhbamr Lfalhbamr XCS 21; (pbrb pjsbnjd jd pibtb`mrdbs lfajpjfajftjs lfajpjfajftjs aj JFQSBAB / XBLAB) (2). Dmam5 XCS2 ↑ XCS3? ’Alspiby Sjdmtm— XBQZSFM (2)? ’Xjdâ`mrm aj Hmftrmij aj Qrâ`jnm— XBQZSFM (2)? Cimqujbamr aj Mpjrbîèm pmr ’Jrrm aj [mslîèm am Hbdlfgèm— (Ajtjhîèm pmr @mtmhìiuibs) (2)? Cimqujbamr aj Mpjrbîèm pmr ’Lftjr`jråfhlb aj Sâalm— (2)? Butmtjstj aj Lflhlbilzbîèm? Ilfjbrlzbîèm vlb Xm`twbrj? Qbrb alnltbi (`lxb mu alnltbab) j ’Hbabstrm aj Qbrbs Alnltbabs—? Fõdjrm aj alvlsújs5 2;;; btì 2;;;; alvlsújs? [rmnrbdbîèm pbrb ldprjssèm ab Sbzèm Xmhlbi am Zsuârlm? Sjhmfgjhldjftm aj mpjrbîújs aj Hbrnb / Ajshbrnb? Pârlms pbrãdjtrms aj ’ajshmftm pjrhjftubi— sjijhlmfâvjls pjim hiljftj? Mpîèm aj ’[brtlab mcrlnbtørlb aj Ujrm— pbrb fmvbs mpjrbîújs? Sjibtørlm aj Hbdlfgújs fm [âtlm (’Mpjrbîújs Lfhmdpijtbs—)? ’Sjibtørlm aj Jstmquj aj [rmautms— (Jftrbab, Xbäab, Iäqulam)? Cimqujlm lflclfam b ldprjssèm sj m pjsm fèm jstlvjr jstbclilzbam? Cimqujlm aj aupilhlabaj aj jftrbab aj Hbdlfgújs? Hbabstrm lftjrfm pbrb btì 20;; Hiljftjs / [rmautms (jd djdørlb fèm-vmiâtli) (8)? Mpjrbîèm jd pibtb`mrdbs lfajpjfajftjs aj JFQSBAB / XBÄAB XBÄAB (qubfam hmfjhtbam hmfjhtbam b mutrm XCS vlb hbfbi sjrlbi)? Hmdpjfsbîèm aj tjdpjrbturb btrbvìs aj tbrb butmdâtlhb `jltb pmr dlhrmprmhjssbamr? Hmdpjfsbîèm aj nbfgm pmr hlrhultm bfbiønlhm j alnltbi? Qrbfsdlssèm aj abams (vlb hbfbi sjrlbi) pbrb alspmsltlvms jxtjrfms jxtjrfms (jx. ’[H—, HI[—)? Ams prmtmhmims alspmfävjls fm XCS, 3 jxjdpims sèm5 b) [rmt [rmtmh mhmi mim m Câsl Câslhm hm aj trbf trbfsd sdlss lssèm èm am XCS5 XCS5 (17; (17;;, ;, 7F2) 7F2) Djfsbnjd aj 7 hbrbhtjrjs jfvlbab lflftjrruptbdjftj5 9—HS—6, 90 aänltms BXHLL hmd m [JXM LFXQBFQJM6, 9—I@—6? c) [rmtmhmim ’Jspjigm am Qlhojt—5 (17;;, 7F2) Djfsbnjd hmd ms djsdms abams am tlhojt, jfvlbab pjim hbfbi sjrlbi prlfhlpbi slduitbfjbdjftj ë ldprjssèm am djsdm? Sjhursms aj njrjfhlbdjftm hmrpmrbtlvm, hbrbhtjrästlhbs bftl`rbuaj, dblmr hbpbhlabaj aj brdbzjfbdjftm aj abams j mutrbs `jrrbdjftbs aj hmftrmij, utlilzbfam m ’Xlstjdb aj Njrjfhlbdjftm aj [jsbnjd Smamvlârlb— (2), prmhjssbam jd ud ’[H— hmfjhtbam bm XCS. @uii Sbfnj5 ;;? aldjfsújs aldjfsújs 38; x 2;; x 30; (IxGx[) dd? 3,0 on mu 8,: on jdcbibam.
Mphlmfbi5 Baqulrlam Fmtbs5 (2) Mphlmfbi5 Baqulrlam jd sjpbrbam. (3) Hmdprldjftm dâxldm pbarèm am hbcm pbrb hmfjxèm hmd alspmsltlvms jxtjrfms5 :; jxtjrfms5 :; djtrms. [brb alstãfhlbs dblmrjs, hmftbtbr Ârjb aj ’[rmejtms—. (8) Qjdpm aj Sjtjfîèm aj Abams5 Abams5 btì :;;gmrbs sjnulabs hmd m jqulpbdjftm ajsjfjrnlzbam. Ldpmrtbftj5 B cbtjrlb lftjrfb fjhjssltb pjim djfms >3g, hmd m jqulpbdjftm jfjrnlzbam, pbrb (rj)baqulrlr b hbrnb hmdpijtb.
7
Brq.5 scr21; - dbfubi aj mpjrbîèm (rjv8) - hha
2.3
NBSBFQLB
B nbrbftlb hmcrj smdjftj smdjftj ms hmfsjrtms j`jtubams fb `âcrlhb mu jd ud aj fmssms sjrvlîms butmrlzbams. butmrlzbams. M `rjtj am jqulpbdjftm j m ajsimhbdjftm am tìhflhm fèm jstèm hmcjrtms pjib nbrbftlb. Rubiqujr prmcijdb hmd m jqulpbdjftm ajvj sjr hmduflhbam ë rjvjfab mu b udb bsslståfhlb tìhflhb butmrlzbab XBQZSFM. Fufhb rjbilzj hmfsjrtms mu pjrdltb quj pjssmbs fèm butmrlzbabs m `bîbd? jstj prmhjaldjftm ldpilhbrâ fb pjrab ab nbrbftlb. Xj m jqulpbdjftm fèm pmssulr ibhrj, jstj tbdcìd pjrajrâ b nbrbftlb. 2.8
LFALHBAMS XCS 21;
Jtlqujtb aj Ibhrj Xbturfm Lfalhbamr aj Lf`mrdbîújs Xjim aj Pjrl`lhbîèm LFDJQSM
Ibhrj LFDJQSM [blfji trbsjlrm Jtlqujtb aj Lajftl`lhbîèm Xbturfm Jtlqujtb aj Lajftl`lhbîèm LFDJQSM Lfalhbamr aj [jsm
Qjhibam aj Djdcrbfb
B hgbvj ilnb/ajsilnb ilnb/ajsilnb jstâ imhbilzb imhbilzb fm pblfji pblfji trbsjlrm am am ’lfalhbamr—. ’lfalhbamr—.
2.8.2
HMFJWÚJX AM [BLFJI QSBXJLSM 2
3
8
1
:
0
>
7
<
2; O22 - Xjrlbi 2
O32 - Xjdâ`mrm
O23 - Xjrlbi 3
O33 - @mtmhìiuib
Qjhibam [H
@usävji
Hgbvj Ilnb-Ajsilnb
22
O82 - [brbijib Hbcm BH
23 O28 ‘ Dja. Jxt.
O38 - S@L
2. O22 ‘ Xjrlbi 25 25 ’Hbfbi ’Hbfbi Xjrlbi 2—, hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr pjrl`ìrlhms am tlpm ’Alspiby Sjdmtm—, ’[H—, jth. 3. O23 ‘ Xjrlbi 35 ’Hbfbi Xjrlbi 3—, hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Alspiby Sjdmtm—? 8. O28 ‘ Dja. Jxt5 Jxt5 hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m slstjdb jxtjrfm aj hìiuibs aj hbrnb prlfhlpbls? 1. O32 ‘ Xjdâ`mrm5 Xjdâ`mrm5 hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Xjdâ`mrm aj Hmftrmij aj Qrâ`jnm—? :. O33 ‘ @mtmhìiuib5 @mtmhìiuib5 hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Cimqujbamr aj Mpjrbîèm pmr Jrrm aj [mslîèm am Hbdlfgèm— (Ajtjhîèm pmr @mtmhìiuibs)? Brq.5 scr21; - dbfubi aj mpjrbîèm (rjv8) - hha
<
0. O38 ‘ S@L5 S@L5 hmfjhtmr AC< dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Ajtjhtmr aj Lftjr`jråfhlb pmr Sâalm @rjquåfhlb—? >. Qjhibam [H5 [H5 hmfjhtmr O@P : plfms usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr ud Qjhibam [H BCFQ 3? 7. O82 ‘ [brbijib5 [brbijib5 ’Hbfbi [brbijim aj Xbäab—, hmfjhtmr AC3: dbhgm usbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Ldprjssmrb—? ;0; on ;;.;;% ;;.;;% ; on 2>;0; on ;;.;;% ; on 2>;0; on ;;.;;% ; on 2>;0; on ;;.;;% ; o on n 2>;0; on ;;.;;% ; on 2>;0; on
[J [JXM XM IL ILRZ RZLA LAM M @LFB @LFBI5 I5
2> 2>;0 ;0; ; on
[SMA. XJDJFQJ5 [SMA. L LF FAZXQSLB5
;;.;;% ;;.;;%
QL[M A AJ J M M[ [JSBÎÈM5 SJHJCLDJFQM QL[; AJ QSBFX[MSQJ5 3 - @MC
[email protected] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] IMH.5 ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] BXX. CBIBFHJLSM5]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]] BXX. QSBFX[MSQ.5]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
3.0.1
SJIBQØSLMX AJ QMQBLX [MS [SMAZQM
Jstb mpîèm pjrdltj b ldprjssèm aj rjibtørlms aj tmtbls aj prmautms. [rjsslmfj b tjhib ’@—, j jd sjqùåfhlb ’1;; --------------------------------------------SJIBQØSLMX QMQBLX [MS [SMAZQM ABQB5 33/2;/;3 GMSB5 3352;5;< --------------------------------------------[SMAZQM5 XCS 21; HMA5 2 QMQBI AJ JFQSBAB5 > HMA HMA.JF .JFQSB QSBAB5 AB5 ; ;;1 ;1 [SMAZQM5 BN [SMAZQM5 BNZB ZB DLF DLFJSBI JSBI HMA. [ [SMA5 SMA5 ; ;;: ;: [JXM JFQSBAB5 ( 313It) 3:;on
Jxjdpim5 [jsbnjd jd d8 gbcliltbab jd b tbxb 2 ---------------------------------------- ** JFQSBAB5 33/2;/;3 2252:5;3 HILJFQJ5 XBQJH [IBHB5 S@A2381 [JXBNJ [JX BNJD D FSM FSM.5 .5 ;; ;;;;; ;;;> > HMA HMA.JF .JFQSB QSBAB5 AB5 ; ;;1 ;1 [SMAZQM5 [SMA ZQM5 BN BNZB ZB DLF DLFJSBI JSBI HMA. [ [SMA5 SMA5 ; ;;: ;: [JXM JFQSBAB5
3.0.>
(
320d8)
31;on
B[BNBS SJIBQØSLMX AJ M[JSBÎÈM
Jstb mpîèm zjrb ms rjibtørlms aj tmtbls pmr prmautm (pjsbnjfs aj jftrbab j sbäab) j aj mpjrbîújs lfhmdpijtbs (smdjftj pjsbnjfs aj jftrbab). b) [rjsslmfj bs tjhibs ’@— j ’’Q—. Q—. M lfalhbamr aj lf`mrdbîújs dmstrbrâ5 ’;— pbrb zjrbr ms tmtbls pmr prmautm? ’2— pbrb zjrbr bs mpjrbîújs lfhmdpijtbs. c) [rjsslmfj udb abs mpîújs bhldb5 ’;— mu ’2—. [brb hmf`lrdbr b mpjrbîèm, prjsslmfj ’I— pbrb sld. [brb hbfhjibr, prjsslmfj bpjfbs ’J—.
Brq.5 scr21; - dbfubi aj mpjrbîèm (rjv8) - hha
;4UJSB QMQ.[SMA 24UJSB M[.LFHMD[
HMF@LSDB = ’I—4XLD
3>
8. HMDZFLHBÎÈM XJSLBI 8.2
HMFJWÈM AMX HBFBLX XJSLBLX Ajshrlîèm am hbcm aj lftjrilnbîèm sjrlbi pbarèm XCS 21;
Hmfjhtmr5 SWA QWA NFA
ACX
Ms hbcms utlilzbd hmfjhtmrjs ’`ådjb— pbrb hmfjhtbr bms hmfjhtmrjs ’dbhgm— am pblfji.
Jstj hbcm sjrvj pbrb hmfjhtbr ’Hbfbi Xjrlbi 2— (O22? fmrdbidjftj utlilzbam pbrb hmfjhtbr bm [H) j ’Hbfbi Xjrlbi 3— (O23? fmrdbidjftj utlilzbam pbrb hmfjhtbr m bhjssørlm ’Alspiby Sjdmtm—). Jvltj b lfstbibîèm am hbcm prøxldm b rjbtmrjs aj iudlfârlbs `iumrjshjftj, dmtmrjs j dâqulfbs jiìtrlhbs aj nrbfaj pmrtj jd njrbi. 8.3
HBSBHQJSÄXQLHBX AB HMDZFLHBÎÈM Jxhjtm mfaj jspjhl`lhbam aj mutrb dbfjlrb, bs hbrbhtjrästlhbs ab hmduflhbîèm sjrlbi sèm5
Xjrlbi bssäfhrmfb5 (17;;, 7f3)? Pjimhlabaj5 17;; cps? 7 clts aj abams.
8.8
Xjd pbrlabaj? 3 stmps clts?
DJFXBN DJFXBNJD JD55 ’[JXM ’[JXM @MSDBQ @MSDBQM M CÂXLHM CÂXLHM—— Ajshrlîèm ab hmdpmslîèm ab djfsbnjd. 7 cytjs 9HS6, [[[[[[, 9I@6 Mfaj5 2±hbr cytj 4 9HS65 ’Hbrrlbnj Sjturf— 3k...>k cytjs 4 [[[[[[5 ’[JXM—, pjsm lfstbftãfjm 7± cytj 4 9I@6 ’Ilfj @jja—
•
8.1
(;Ag 4 28 ajhldbi) (0 aänltms BXHLL) (;Bg 4 2; ajhldbi)
DJFXBNJD5 DJFXBNJD5 ’[JXM @MSDBQM @MSDBQM HMD LFALHBAMSJ LFALHBAMSJX— X— Ajshrlîèm ab hmdpmslîèm ab djfsbnjd5 •
23 cytjs 9HS6, [[[[[[, ’J—/’M—, ’I—/’C—, ’]—, ’ —, 9I@6
Mfaj5 2±hbr. 3k...>k 7±
cytj 4 9HS65 cytjs 4 [[[[[[5 cytj 4 ’J— mu ’M—
< ajhldbi) (1Hg 4 >0 ajhldbi) (13g 4 00 ajhldbi) (:@g 4 --’
[JXM LFPBILAM PJS HJIZIB HBSNB
’[JXM LFPÂILAM— ajvlam ë ... ’Djalîèm [rldârlb—(:) bhldb am ’ildltj - supjrlmr—? Hìiuib aj Hbrnb Ajshmfjhtbab. -
- -
Pjrl`lquj ’Hbrnb Dâxldb— fb pibtb`mrdb? Pjrl`lhbr hmfjxèm ab Hìiuib aj Hbrnb.
’-J07--’
[JXM LFPBILAM PJS HJIZIB HBSNB
’[JXM LFPÂILAM— ajvlam ë ... (:) - ’Djalîèm [rldârlb— bhldb am ’ildltj supjrlmr—? Hbrnb Ajshmfjhtbab? - Hìiuib aj Hbrnb
- -
Pjrl`lquj ’Hbrnb Dâxldb— fb pibtb`mrdb? Pjrl`lhbr hmfjxèm ab Hìiuib aj Hbrnb.
’-J0
