Manual en Español MR-96A

 

IP-57N Kbctar db iecrapkncns

Inmunk db apbrnceóm

 

© Bkbctrómecn `eaiådecn 0::8 db Sfbmzfbm Iemdrny Ca., Ktd. Tadas kas dbrbcfas rbsbrvndas. Znrn bstb inmunk db apbrnceóm, kn gbcfn pu`kecndn bs 0::8-:4 (vbrseóm? >.:). BKBCTPÓMECN @EAIÅDECN CA., KTD. DB emtbkbctunk SFBM_FBM IEMDPNU (iîs n`noa kkninda Iemdrny) Dbcknrnceóm db prapebdnd pasbb kas dbrbcfas db cnrnctbréstecn emtbkbctunk db bstb praducta y db åstb Inmunk Iemdrny. Bstb inmunk pubdb rbgbrer n kn emgarinceóm pratbhedn par bk capyrehft a kns pntbmtbs y ma trnmspartn memhumn kecbmcen `noa dbrbcfas db pntbmtb db Iemdrny, me kas dbrbcfas db atras. Iemdrny ma nsuib memhumn rbspamsn`ekednd rbsuktnmtb db memhumn emgrncceóm db pntbmtbs u atras dbrbcfas db tbrcbras. Iemdrny sb prapamb inmtbmbr bk camtbmeda db bstb inmunk caia emgarinceóm camgedbmcenk.  Nccbsa db kn emgarinceóm bm bstb inmunk db cunkquebr inmbrn sem bk pbriesa bscreta db Iemdrny sb prafé`b tbriemnmtbibmtb. Bk knmzniebmta, bmiebmdn, rbpraducceóm, destre`uceóm, nkquekbr, ndnptnceóm y trnducceóm db bstb inmunk db cunkquebr inmbrn sem bk pbriesa bscreta db Iemdrny bs prafe`eda tbriemnmtbibmtb. , , Sam inrcns rbhestrndns a inrcns rbhestrndns pasbédns par Iemdrny bm Cfemn y atras pnésbs. Tadns  kns atrns inrcns rbhestrndns qub npnrbcbm bm bstb inmunk sb utekeznm saknibmtb pnrn kas prapósetas bdetarenkbs sem kn emtbmceóm db usnrkns emcarrbctnibmtb. Sam cnrnctbréstecns db sus dubþas rbspbctevas.

Pbspamsn`ekednd par pnrtb dbk gn`recnmtb Bk camtbmeda db bstb inmunk bstî camgarib n cni`eas sem prbvea nvesa. Tadn  Tadn kn emgarinceóm camtbmedn bm bstb inmunk sb crbb bstî carrbctn. Iemdrny ma bstî a`kehnda par kas brrarbs camtbmedas ndoumtas me par kas dnþas gartuetas a camsbcubmtbs bm kn cambxeóm cam bk bquepa, bk gumceamniebmta, a bk usa db bstb inmunk. Iemdrny bs rbspamsn`kb db kn sbhurednd, camgen`ekednd y gumceamniebmta db bstb praducta saknibmtb dbmtra db kns sehuebmtbs camdeceambs?   Tadns Tadns kns apbrnceambs, bxtbmseambs, cni`eas, iadegecnceambs y rbpnrnceambs db kn emstnknceóm db Bstb praducta bs camduceda par bk pbrsamnk nutareznda Iemdrny<  Kn emstnknceóm bkåctrecn bstî camgarib n kas rbquesetas mnceamnkbs y kacnkbs<  Bk praducta sb utekezn db ncubrda cam kns emstrucceambs db usa.

 NDWBPTBMCEN?

Bs eipartnmtb pnrn bk faspetnk a kn arhnmeznceóm qub bipkbn bstb bquepa rbnkeznr um pknm rnzamn`kb db inmtbmeiebmta. Kn mbhkehbmcen bm bsta pubdb dnr kuhnr n kn emtbrrupceóm dbk bquepa a n kbseóm db kn snkud db um sbr fuinma.

MATN? Bstb bquepa db`b sbr apbrnda saknibmtb par pragbseamnkbs ckémecas,  dactarbs a bxpbreibmtndarbs dbk kn`arntarea bmtrbmndas par Iemdrny a destre`uedarbs Iemdrnynutarezndas.

Hnrnmtén

 

BSTN HNPNMTÉN BS BVCKRSEWN U BSTÎ BM KRHNP DBK PBSTA DB KNS HNPNMTÉNS,   BVZPBSNDNS A EIZKECETNS, EMCKRUBMDA HNPNMTÉNS DBK CAIBPCENKE_NDAP A DB CRNK^REBP ZPAZÓSETA ZNPTECRKNP. Bxbmceambs Kn a`kehnceóm a kn rbspamsn`ekednd db Iemdrny `noa bstn hnrnmtén ma emckuyb bk trnmspartb R ATPAS cnrhas a rbspamsn`ekednd derbctn, emderbctn a camsbcubmtb par dnþas a rbtrnsas qub rbsuktbm dbk usa a dbk usa emcarrbcta dbk praducta a usa db kns pebzns a db kas nccbsareas ma

npra`ndas par Iemdrny a rbpnrnceambs par pbrsamnk nobma cam bxcbpceóm dbk pbrsamnk nutareznda par Iemdrny. Bstn hnrnmtén ma sb bxtbmdbrî n?  Cunkquebr praducta db Iemdrny qub fnyn bstnda suobta nk usa brrómba, mbhkehbmcen a Nccedbmtb<  Cunkquebr praducta db Iemdrny cuyn btequbtn a praducta arehemnk cam mÿibra db sbreb db Iemdrny Sb fnyn nktbrnda a sb fnynm quetnda kns inrcns db kn edbmtegecnceóm<  Cunkquebr praducta db cunkquebr atra gn`recnmtb.

Zakétecn db rbtarma Zracbdeiebmta db rbtarma Bm bk ncamtbceiebmta bm qub kkbhub n sbr mbcbsnrea dbvakvbr bstb praducta a pnrtb db bstb praducta n Iemdrny, db`b sbhuersb bk sehuebmtb pracbdeiebmta?

>. A`tbmhn Iemdrny y nutareznceóm db rbhrbsa? Bmtrb bm camtncta cam bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea db A`tbmhn um mÿibra db kn nutareznceóm dbk sbrvecea nk ckebmtb (Iemdrny). Bk mÿibra db`b npnrbcbr bm bk bxtbrear dbk bmvnsb db bmvéa. Kas bmvéas dbvubktas  ma sbrîm ncbptndas se bk mÿibra db Iemdrny ma bs cknrnibmtb vese`kb. Zraparceamb par gnvar bk mÿibra db iadbka, bk mÿibra db sbreb, y umn `rbvb dbscrepceóm db kn rnzóm db kn rbtarma. 0. Zakétecn db castas? Bk ckebmtb bs rbspamsn`kb db kas castas db bmvéa cunmda bk praducta sb bmvén n Iemdrny pnrn sbrvecea (åstb emckuyb castas db eipubstas). 3. Pbietb? Bmvéb par gnvar kns pebzns a bk bquepa n kn derbcceóm agrbcedn par bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb Camtncta db kn caipnþén Gn`recnmtb? Bkbctrómecn `eaiådecn Ca., Ktd. db Sfbmzfbm Iemdrny Derbcceóm? Bdegecea db Iemdrny, >0ia Cniema dbk Sur, Znrqub emdustrenk db nktn tbcmakahén db Lboe, Mnmsfnm, Sfbmzfbm 2>6:28, Pbpÿ`kecn Zapuknr Cfemn Tbkågama? +67 822 07260485 07260666 Gnx? +67 822 07260534 072602::

Zrbgncea Nmtbs db usnr bk IP-57N, kbn par gnvar bstb inmunk db apbrnceóm n gamda pnrn a`tbmbr emstrucceambs rbkbvnmtbs db inmboa. Hunrdb par gnvar bstb inmunk carrbctnibmtb pnrn su usa camvbmebmtb.

Nudebmcens prbvestns Bstb inmunk sb tebmb pnrn kas pragbseamnkbs ckémecas?  ^ub apbrbm bk IP-57N<  ^ub inmtbmhnm y kacnkecbm nvbréns bm bk IP-57N<  ^uebmbs nprbmdnm sa`rb kn apbrnceóm dbk IP-57N.

^uå pubdb bmcamtrnr ustbd bm bstb inmunk

 

Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57ª db`b sbr apbrnda y sbr inmtbmeda tbriemnmtbibmtb caia  ka bspbcegcn bstb inmunk. Bstb inmunk db apbrnceóm cu`rb kas premcepeas, apbrnceambs, inmtbmeiebmta denrea y kacnkeznceóm db nvbréns dbk bquepa. Apbrb y inmtbmhn par gnvar bk bquepa sbhÿm dbtbriemn bstb inmunk.

Camvbmceambs Séi`akas db sbhurednd

Kas séi`akas db sbhurednd kb nkbrtnm kns camdeceambs y kn emgarinceóm patbmcenkibmtb pbkehrasns qub rbquebrn su ntbmceóm. Bstas séi`akas db sbhurednd, oumta cam bk tbxta rbknceamnda, sb npkecnm n kas pracbdeiebmtas bspbcégecas y npnrbcbm sbhÿm sb mbcbsetb n trnvås db bstb inmunk. Cunmda ustbd vb…

Bmtamcbs…

 NDWBPTBMCEN

Kbn kn dbcknrnceóm qub sehub nk séi`aka. Kn dbcknrnceóm kb bstî nkbrtnmda db um pbkehra db gumceamniebmta qub pubdb cnusnr dnþas carparnkbs.

 PEBSHA @EAKAHECA

Kbn kn dbcknrnceóm qub sehub nk séi`aka. Kn dbcknrnceóm kb bstî nkbrtnmda sa`rb camdeceambs patbmcenkbs db rebsha `eakóheca.

 ZPBCNRCEÓM

Kbn kn dbcknrnceóm qub sehub nk séi`aka. Kn dbcknrnceóm kb bstî nkbrtnmda sa`rb umn pase`kb gnkkn dbk sestbin a rbsuktndas ma camgen`kbs.

 MATN

Kbn kn dbcknrnceóm qub sehub nk séi`aka. Kn dbcknrnceóm kb bstî nkbrtnmda sa`rb emgarinceóm qub rbquebrb su ntbmceóm. ZPBGNCEA

Btequbtns Kns btequbtns umedns n kn supbrgeceb dbk emstruibmta utekeznm séi`akas pnrn ncknrnr bk sehmegecnda dbk db tbxta. Se umn kns btequbtns sb adbspbhn, bmtrb bm camtncta bk dbpnrtnibmta sbrvecea nk db ckebmtb db Iemdrny su destre`uedar kacnk pnrn bkcam rbbipknza. Kn cnrtn n`noa bxpkecn kas séi`akas bm kns btequbtns.  

Mÿibra db sbreb Gbcfn db kn gn`recnceóm

 

Gn`recnmtb

 

Bk despaseteva bstî caipkbtnibmtb camgarib cam kn derbctevn db despasetevas iådecas pnrn denhmósteca em vetra 56/85/BC.  

Pbprbsbmtnmtb nutareznda bm kn Caiumednd Burapbn

 

 

 

Kn sehuebmtb dbgemeceóm db kn btequbtn XBBB sb npkecn saknibmtb n bstndas iebi`ras BR? Bk usa db bstb séi`aka emdecn qub bstb praducta ma sb db`b trntnr caia `nsurn cnsbrn. Nsbhurîmdasb db qub bstb praducta bstå despubsta carrbctnibmtb, ustbd nyudn n bvetnr trnbr camsbcubmcens mbhntevns patbmcenkbs nk ni`ebmtb y kn snkud fuinmn. Znrn umn emgarinceóm iîs dbtnkkndn cam rbspbta nk dbsbcfa y rbcecknob db bstb praducta, par gnvar  camsuktb nk destre`uedar n quebm ustbd caipró bk praducta. Bquepa pnrn denhmósteca Em Wetra

 

Ndvbrtbmcen db @easbhurednd? Pebsha db emgbcceóm patbmcenk

Ndvbrtbmcen? Pebsha db dnþas carparnkbs a db dnþa dbk bquepa. Ndvbrtbmcen? Pebsha db qubindurn  Tbriemnk db tebrrn pratbctar

>::-04:W~ 2:/7:Fz >0:WN

Pebsha db dbscnrhn bkåctrecn CN >::-04:W~ 2:/7:Fz< camsuia db bmbrhén? >0:WN Bmbrhén BMCBMDEDA

 

 

Bmbrhén NZNHNDN  Zubrta sbrenk pnrn cambctnr bk bquepa cam um ZC Zubrta RS@, qub cuipkb cam bk pratacaka RS@ 0.:.

Hrîgecas

 Tadas kas hrîgecas, emckuybmda kns pnmtnkkns, bstîm b stîm pnrn prapósetas db ekustrnceóm saknibmtb y ma db`bm sbr utekezndas pnrn atras prapósetas.

Pbprbsbmtnmtb bm kn BC Mai`rb? Sfnmhne Emtbrmnteamnk Fakdemh Carp. Hi`F (Burapn) Derbcceóm? Beggbstrnΰb 6:, 0:238 Fni`urha Nkbinmen Tbkågama? ::45-4:-02>3>82 Gnx? ::45-4:-022807

ZPBGNCEA

3

Ibdedns db sbhurednd  Ma fncbr cnsa db A`sbrvb prbcnuceambs kns ibdedns db sbhurednd nk usnr bk kbctar db iecrapkncns nkhumns pubdb camducer n dnþas carparnkbs a n dnþa IP-57N. dbk bquepa.

 

 NDWBPTBMCEN Se bk emstruibmta sb utekezn db umn garin ma bspbcegecndn par Iemdrny, kn pratbcceóm praparceamndn par bk sestbin pubdb dbtbrearnrsb.

Zrbvbmceóm db dbscnrhn bkåctrecn A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn prbvbmer umn dbscnrhn bkåctrecn.

 NDWBPTBMCEN Cunmda sb bmcebmdb bk emstruibmta, kas usunreas ma db`bm n`rer kn cu`ebrtn. Bk dbrrniniebmta dbk rbncteva a db kn iubstrn bm bk nmnkezndar pubdb cnusnr gnkkn bm bk bquepa  b emckusa dbscnrhn bkåctrecn. Ma cakaqub kn iubstrn y bk rbncteva bm bk bquepa bmcbmdeda. Bm cnsa db dbrrniniebmta, emtbrruiper kn bmbrhén emibdentnibmtb, quetb bk dbrrniniebmta y bmtrb bm camtncta cam bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a cam su destre`uedar kacnk. Bstb emstruibmta sb pravbb cam um guse`kb db qubinda kbmta (02:W, 3.>2N), qub ma mbcbsetn sbr su`stetueda par bk usunrea. Gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm? NC>::-04:W~, 2:/7:Fz. Bk emstruibmta sb pravbb db um cn`kb bkåctreca db kns trbs gnsbs y db`b sbr  pubsta n tebrrn carrbctnibmtb durnmtb su usa.

Zrbvemebmda kas dnþas carparnkbs cnusndas par kns pebzns ióvekbs

A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn prbvbmer dnþas carparnkbs cnusndas par pebzns ióvekbs.

 NDWBPTBMCEN Ma taqub kns pebzns ióvekbs tnkbs caia partndar db pkncn, btc. cunmda bk sestbin bstå bm gumceamniebmta. Ma pamhn su dbda a kn inma bm cunkquebr pnrtb n`ebrtn cunmda bk sestbin bstå bm apbrnceóm.

Zrbvbmceóm db kn emgbcceambs A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn pratbhbrsb camtrn rebsha `eakóheca db   emgbcceóm.

ZPBGNCEA

4

 PEBSHA @EAKAHECA Kn emndbcundn inmepuknceóm db iubstrns pubdb camducer n emgbcceóm par rebsha `eakóheca.  Ma taqub kn iubstrn, kn ibzckn a bk dbsbcfa cam sus inmas. Rtekecb hunmtbs, cnpn y, bm cnsa db mbcbsednd, nmtbaoas db kn`arntarea. Bm cnsa db camtncta db kn pebk cam kn iubstrn, sehn kas pracbdeiebmtas db sbhurednd bstîmdnr dbk kn`arntarea y camsuktb nk iådeca.

Trntniebmta db dbsbcfas db iecrapkncns A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn despambr kns iecrapkncns dbsbcfndns cam bk gem db prbvbmer kn camtniemnceóm ni`ebmtnk a dnþa nk cubrpa fuinma.

 

 PEBSHA @EAKAHECA Kns sustnmcens rbnctevns y kns iecrapkncns bstîm camgaribs n kns rbhuknceambs db camtniemnceóm. Despamhn dbk rbncteva y db kn iecrapkncn db ncubrda cam sus pnutns kacnkbs a mnceamnkbs pnrn kn despaseceóm db dbsbcfas y bmtrb bm camtncta cam bk gn`recnmtb a destre`uedar dbk rbncteva pnrn kas dbtnkkbs.

Trntniebmta db dbsbcfas A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn prbvbmer kn camtniemnceóm ni`ebmtnk y  dnþas carparnkbs cnusndas par bk dbsbcfa.

 PEBSHA @EAKAHECA

Kas intbrenkbs db dbsbcfa db kas caipambmtbs y dbk kbctar emÿtekbs db iecrapkncns sam tbin db kns rbhuknceambs db kn camtniemnceóm. Despamhn db bkkas db ncubrda cam sus pnutns kacnkbs a mnceamnkbs pnrn kn despaseceóm db dbsbcfas. Rtekecb hunmtbs, cnpn y, bm cnsa db mbcbsednd, nmtbaoas.

Zrbvbmceóm db gubha a db bxpkaseóm

A`sbrvb par gnvar kns emstrucceambs sehuebmtbs pnrn prbvbmer gubha y bxpkaseóm.

 NDWBPTBMCEN Ma utekecb sustnmcens emgknin`kbs nkrbdbdar db bstb emstruibmta. Bk btnmak bs umn sustnmcen emgknin`kb. Zar gnvar tbmhn prbcnuceóm iebmtrns keipen bk emstruibmta cam btnmak. Zrbgncea

2 

 

Zrbcnuceambs db usa Znrn utekeznr nk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57ª cam sbhurednd y bgecebmtbibmtb, par gnvar prbstb iucfn ntbmceóm n kns matns sehuebmtbs db apbrnceóm.

Rsa prbvesta NDWBPTBMCEN Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57N bs um emstruibmta quéieca qub bstî desbþnda pnrn kns ibdedns gataiåtrecns bm BKESN u atras bxpbreibmtas y pnrn rbnkeznr dbtbriemnceambs cunketntevns a cunmtetntevns bm kn snmhrb, btc.  Camsuktb par gnvar preibra n Iemdrny se ustbd dbsbn utekeznr bk emstruibmta pnrn atra prapóseta.

Apbrndar   NDWBPTBMCEN

Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57N db`b sbr apbrnda saknibmtb par pragbseamnkbs ckémecas,  

dactarbs Iemdrny-nutarezndas. a bxpbreibmtndarbs db kn`arntarea bmtrbmndas par Iemdrny a destre`uedarbs

Ni`ebmtb  ZPBCNRCEÓM Emstnkb par gnvar bk emstruibmta bm um ni`ebmtb bspbcegecnda par bstb inmunk. Kn emstnknceóm bm atra ni`ebmtb pubdb camducer n rbsuktndas ma gen`kbs b emckusa dnþas bm bk bquepa. Znrn cni`enr db setea bk sestbin, bmtrb bm camtncta par gnvar cam bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a su destre`uedar kacnk.

Zrbvbmceóm db emtbrgbrbmcen par rueda bkbctrainhmåteca ZPBCNRCEÓM

Bk rueda bkbctrainhmåteca pubdb emtbrgbrer cam kns apbrnceambs dbk sestbin. Ma emstnknr despasetevas qub hbmbrbm rueda bkbctrainhmåteca bxcbseva nkrbdbdar dbk sestbin. Ma utekecb bstb despaseteva bm praxeiednd cbrcnmn n kns gubmtbs db gubrtb rndenceóm bkbctrainhmåtecn (bo. tbkågamas ióvekbs a rndeatrnmsiesarbs), yn qub åstas pubdbm emtbrgbrer cam kn apbrnceóm nprapendn. Bk ni`ebmtb bkbctrainhmåteca sb db`b bvnkunr nmtbs db apbrnr bk despaseteva. Bstb despaseteva sb fn desbþnda y sb fn pra`nda cam kn cknsb N db CESZP >>, y bm um ni`ebmtb daiåsteca pubdb cnusnr emtbrgbrbmcen db rndea, bm bstb cnsa, ustbd pubdb mbcbsetnr tainr ibdedns db ntbmunr kn emtbrgbrbmcen. 7

Zrbgncea

 

Emtbrgncb db caiumecnceambs  ZPBCNRCEÓM Bk IP-57N bstî pravesta db um pubrta RS@ y um pubrta sbrenk, qub sam rbspbctevnibmtb usndas pnrn cambctnr umn eiprbsarn bxtbrmn a um desca R pnrn  nctunkeznr bk sestbin, y cambctnr um ZC cam kas dntas db trnmsgbrbmcen. Bk usunrea ma db`b rbnkeznr atrns apbrnceambs vén bstns das emtbrgncbs.  Se ma bk sestbin pubdb sbr dnþnda.

Zrbgncea

8 

 

Camtbmeda Zrbgncea.................... Zrbgncea........ ......................... .......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .......................... .......................... ..............> ..>

Nudebmcens prbvestns .............................................................................................................. > ^uå pubdb bmcamtrnr ustbd bm åstb inmunk ......................................................................... > Camvbmceambs ........................................................................................................................ > Ibdedns db sbhurednd ........................................................................................................... 4 Zrbcnuceambs >db ............................................................................................................. 7 Kausa @îseca......... @îseca...................... .......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .......................... .....................>-> .......>-> >.> Dbscrepceóm dbk sestbin........................................................................................ >-3 >.>.> Zremcepeas ................................................................................................. >-3 >.>.0 Npnrebmcen ............................................................................................... >-3 >.0 Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm y cnrnctbréstecns dbk sestbin ..................................... >-4 >.0.> Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm....................................................................... >-4 >.0.0 Deibmseambs y pbsa ............................................................................... >-2 >.0.3 Bspbcegecnceambs tåcmecns ...................................................................... >-2 >.3 Iada db Camtrak ................................................................................................... >-2 >.4 Zracbdeiebmta Hbmbrnk db Apbrnceóm .................................................................. >-7 >.2 Pbqubreiebmtas db nkincbmniebmta..................................................................... >-8 >.7 Despaseteva db eiprbseóm........................................................................................ >-8 >.7.> Eiprbsarn tåriecn emtbrmn......................................................................... >-8 >.7.0 Eiprbsarn bxtbrmn .................................................................................... >-8

0 Emstnknceóm .......... ....................... ......................... ......................... .......................... ......................... ......................... ...................0-> ......0->

0.> Dbsbipnqub.......................................................................................................... 0-3 0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db emstnknceóm .............................................................................. 0-3 0.0.> Pbqubreiebmtas ni`ebmtnkbs ................................................................... 0-3 0.0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db Zatbmcen ................................................................... 0-3 0.0.3 Pbqubreiebmtas db bspncea y nccbse`ekednd............................................. 0-4 0.3 Emstnknmda bk IP-57N ........................................................................................... 0-4

3 Apbrnceambs @îsecns ........... ........................ ......................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ............3-> 3-> 3.> Emhrbsa db fbrrniebmtns y apbrnceóm ................................................................... 3-3 3.>.> Znmtnkkn tîctek y kîpez tîctek......................................................................... 3-3 3.>.0 Tbcknda bibrhbmtb .................................................................................. 3-3 3.0 Npnhnda................................................................................................................ 3-4

4 Apbrnceambs nvnmzndns........... nvnmzndns....................... .......................... .......................... ........................ .....................4-> .........4-> 4.> Camgehurnceóm db prub`ns..................................................................................... 4-3 4.>.> Ndeceamnmda umn prub`n .......................................................................... 4-4 Camtbmeda E 

 

4.>.0 Iadegecnmda camgehurnceóm db pnrîibtras .............................................4->7 4.>.3 @arrnmda umn prub`n..............................................................................4->7 4.>.4 Webmda umn curvn db cnke`rnceóm ............................................................4->7 4.>.2 Camgehurnmda umn ardbm db eiprbseóm ...................................................4->8 4.0 Zracbsniebmta ....................................................................................................4->6 4.0.> Emecea db nmîkeses ....................................................................................4-02 4.0.0 Znmtnkkn db rbsuktndas............................................................................4-02 4.3 Pbveseóm db rbsuktndas.........................................................................................4-3> 4.4 Pbpartbs ..............................................................................................................4-37 4.4.> Emhrbsa db emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs .....................................................4-35 4.4.0 Iadegecnceóm db emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs .............................................4-4: 4.4.3 @ÿsqubdn db rbsuktndas db prub`ns .....................................................4-4: 4.2 Camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin ...................................................................................4-40 4.7 Camtrak db Cnkednd (^C) ......................................................................................4-46 4.8 Pbhestras .............................................................................................................4-2> 4.6 Npnhnda...............................................................................................................4-20

2 Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins....... Zra`kbins..................... .......................... ......................... .................... ....... 2-> 2.> Keipebzn................................................................................................................2-3 2.>.> Keipebzn db pnmbkbs dbk bquepa...............................................................2-3 2.>.0 Keipebzn db kn eiprbsarn..........................................................................2-3 2.0 Pbbipknza db kn kîipnrn.....................................................................................2-4 2.3 Sakuceóm db pra`kbins ........................................................................................2-2

7 Npåmdecbs............ Npåmdecbs........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ......................... ......................... ........................ ................. ..... 7-> Npåmdecb N Bspbcegecnceambs .......................................................................................7-3 Npåmdecb @ Eiprbsarn Bxtbrmn ....................................................................................7-4 Npåmdecb C Gubmtbs.....................................................................................................7-2 Npåmdecb D Émdecb........................................................................................................7-7

EE

Camtbmeda

>

Ka @îseca

>.> Dbscrepceóm dbk sestbin......................................................................................... >-3 >.>.> Zremcepeas ................................................................................................. >-3 >.>.0 Npnrebmcen ............................................................................................... >-3 >.0 Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm y cnrnctbréstecns dbk sestbin ...................................... >-4 >.0.> Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm........................................................................ >-4 >.0.0 Deibmseambs y pbsa................................................................................. >-2 >.0.3 Bspbcegecnceambs Tåcmecns....................................................................... >-2 >.3 db camtrakHbmbrnk .................................................................................................... >.4Iada Zracbdeiebmta db Apbrnceóm .................................................................. >-2 >-7

 

>.2 Pbqubreiebmtas db nkincbmniebmta..................................................................... >-8 >.7 Despaseteva db eiprbseóm........................................................................................ >-8 >.7.> Eiprbsarn Tåriecn Emtbrmn........................................................................ >-8 >.7.0 Eiprbsarn Bxtbrmn .................................................................................... >-8

Ka @îseca

>->

 

>-0

Ka @îseca

 

> Ka @îseca >.>> Db >. Dbsc scre repc pceó eóm m dbk dbk Sest Sestbi binn Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57N camsestb db fnrdwnrb, sagtwnrb db apbrnceóm emcarparnda b eiprbsarn.

>.>.>

Zremcepeas

Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57ª sb utekezn pnrn rbnkeznr dbtbriemnceambs cunketntevns a cunmtetntevns Bm iubstrns db ncubrda cam kn kby db Kni`br-@bbr. Bm ibdeceambs gataiåtrecns, kn bmzein rbncceamn cam bk su`strnta y devbrsns sustnmcens tebmbm bspbctras db n`sar`nmcen destemtn. Kn gehurn sehuebmtb dbiubstrn kas premcepeas db kn ibdeceóm dbk kbctar db iecrapkncns Gehurn >-> Zremcepeas db Ibdeceóm dbk kbctar db iecrapkncns

Sbhÿm ka dbiastrnda bm kn gehurn >->, bk rnya db kuz db kn kîipnrn pnsn n trnvås dbk gektra y   garin um rnya db kuz iamacraiîteca, qub bmtamcbs pnsn n trnvås db kn iubstrn bm bk paza  y nkcnmzn bk gata dbtbctar cam kn kuz pnrcenkibmtb n`sar`edn par kn iubstrn. Bk gata dbtbctar camvebrtb kns sbþnkbs db kuz rbce`edns bm sbþnkbs bkåctrecns, qub bmtamcbs sam camvbrtedn par bk camvbrtedar NMNKÓHECA N DEHETNK y bmvendns nk iecrapracbsndar pnrn pracbsnr y  cnkcuknr. Gemnkibmtb kn umednd db snkedn fncb snker kas rbsuktndas db kn ibdeceóm.

>.>.0 Npnrebmcen Kn gehurn >-0 iubstrn kn vestn gramtnk dbk IP-57N. Bk despaseteva db eiprbseóm bs apceamnk.

Ka @îseca

Gehurb >-0 Westn Gramtnk

>-3

 

Gehurb >-3 iubstrn kn vestn trnsbrn dbk IP-57N. Gehurb >-3 Westn trnsbrn

Bk pubrta RS@ sb usn pnrn cambctnr um iausb RS@ y bk pubrta sbrenk pnrn cambctnr bk ZC pnrn trnsgbrbmcen db dntas. Kn vbmtnmn db nerb bs pnrn vbmteknceóm dbk bquepa.

>.0 Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm y cnrnctbréstecns dbk sestbin >.0.> Camdeceambs db apbrnceóm   Tbipbrnturn Tbipbrnturn ni`ebmtb? 2℃-32℃  Fuibdnd Pbkntevn? >2%-62%, Sem camdbmsnceóm.

>-4

Ka @îseca

 Gubmtb db padbr? NC >::-04:W~, 2:/7:Fz  Camsuia db Zatbmcen? >0:WN  Zrbseóm ntiasgårecn? 8: lZn->:7lZn

 

 Bk  Bk  Bk  Bk

setea db emstnknceóm db`b bstnr nkbonda db cnipas bkbctrainhmåtecas emstruibmta db`b pratbhbrsb db kn kuz saknr derbctn. emstruibmta db`b emstnknrsb bm umn pkntngarin bstn`kb ke`rb db ve`rnceóm. emstruibmta db`b cambctnrsb n um tain carrebmtb nprapendnibmtb ntbrreznda.

>.0.0 Deibmseambs y pbsa  Deibmseambs? 438iiØ330iiØ>84ii (KØXØF)  Zbsa? 6.2lh

>.0.3 Bspbcegecnceambs Tåcmecns Gubmtb db Kuz. Kîipnrn fnkóhbmn db tumhstbma. Camtrak nutaiîteca. Sestbin ópteca Gektras usunrea mbcbsnrea. Gata sbmsar  Tepa db pkncn Pnmha bspbctrnk Pnmha db ibdeceóm Pnmha db Kbcturn Zrbceseóm Wbkacednd db Apbrnceóm db

Sestbin db ibdeceóm db ge`rn óptecn db 6 cnmnkbs Gektra db emtbrgbrbmcen db 4:2mi, 42:mi, 450mi y 73:mi. Bk tni`eåm pubdb camgehurnr atras cuntra se bs

Gata cbkdn db sekecea Zkncns db 57-/46 pazas 4::-8::mi :-0.2N :-3.2N :.::>N Iada Znsa? >0s/pknta db kamhetud db amdn ÿmecn y db 07s/pknta kamhetud db amdn dunk Iada camtemua? 2s/pknta db kamhetud db amdn ÿmecn y >0s/pknta pnrn kamhetud db amdn dunk< Iada db ibzckn Noustn`kb bmtrb Nktn, Ibden y @non  Tebipa db ibzckn Noustn`kb db :-7: sbhumdas Cai`emnceóm db iubstrns Iubstrn Seipkb-/dunk Iåtada db cnke`rnceóm Rm pumta, pumta n pumta, N@S% iukte-pumta, kembnk, Bxpambmcenk, kahnretia, padbr y gnctar Nk Nkin incb cbmn mnie iebm bmta ta db rb rbsu sukt ktnd ndas as Fn Fnst stn n 0:. 0:.:: ::: : rbs rbsuk uktn tnda dass pub pubdb dbm m sbr nk nkin incb cbmn mnda dass bm bk emstruibmta. Mÿibra db prub`ns qub Fnstn >:: prub`ns sb pubdbm nkincbmnr

>.3 Iada db camtrak Bk IP-57N bstî pravesta db um kîpez tîctek qub sb usn pnrn apbrnr kn pnmtnkkn tîctek. Ka @îseca

>-2 

 ZPBCNRCEAM Nsbhÿrbsb db usnr bk kîpez qub sb emckuyb pnrn apbrnr kn pnmtnkkn tîctek dbk IP-57N. Ma taqub kn pnmtnkkn cam fbrrniebmtn ngekndns. Db atrn inmbrn, kn pnmtnkkn padrén dnþnrsb.

>.4 Zracbdeiebmta Hbmbrnk db Apbrnceóm Bk emdecndar db bmcbmdeda sb bmcubmtrn bm kn bsquemn emgbrear dbrbcfn db kn pnmtnkkn tîctek b emdecn kas degbrbmtbs bstndas db bmcbmdeda a npnhnda?  Bm AM - Bk emstruibmta bstî bmcbmdeda.  Bm Agg - Bk emstruibmta ma pubdb gumceamnr marinkibmtb. Cunmda sb bmcebmdb, bk bquepa sb pamb bk pracbsa db emecenkeznceóm, qub emckuyb?  Cnrhn  Cnrhn

dbk sestbin apbrnteva< db kn npkecnceóm<

 

 kn emecenkeznceóm  nuta-cfbquba.

dbk sestbin<

Dbspuås dbk nuta cfbquba, npnrbcb kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

MATN Bk pracbsa db emecenkeznceóm tnrdn umas >,2 iemutas. Rstbd ma db`b caibmznr cam kn ibdeceóm fnstn 2 iemutas dbspuås db qub bk sestbin sb pusa bm inrcfn y bstå kesta. Sehn bstb pracbdeiebmta pnrn apbrnr bm bk IP-57N (Camsuktb kns emstrucceambs dbtnkkndns bm bk cnpétuka 4)? > Bmcebmdn kn gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm y crbb kn emgarinceóm dbk faspetnk, kn gbcfn dbk sestbin y tebipa, btc. bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. 0 Nþndn umn mubvn prub`n bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db prub`ns y camgehurnr kas pnrîibtras. 3 Camgehurb bk iada db cakacnceóm db kn pkncn bm kn pnmtnkkn Bobcutnr. 4 Cakaqub kn pkncn sa`rb bk sapartb db kn pkncn y kubha emecenr bk nmîkeses. 2 Pbvesb kas dntas db prub`ns y nkincåmbkas se bs mbcbsnrea. 7 Bdetb kn emgarinceóm dbk pncebmtb bm kn pnmtnkkn db Emgaribs b eiprein bk emgarib dbk pncebmtb. 8 Sbkbcceamb Npnhnda pnrn snker dbk sagtwnrb cam kn emgarinceóm db prub`n hunrdndn. 6 Npnhub kn gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm.

 ZPBCNRCEAM Bk emhrbsa db db pakva a cubrpas bxtrnþas pubdb emgkuer bm bk rbmdeiebmta dbk emstruibmta. Nsbhÿrbsb db cbrrnr kn cu`ebrtn cunmda bk emstruibmta ma bstî bm usa. >-7

Ka @îseca

>.2 Pbqubreiebmtas db nkincbmniebmta Bk emstruibmta y sus intbrenkbs db bipnqub db`brénm nkincbmnrsb bm bk sehuebmtb ibdea ni`ebmtb?  Tbipbrnturn? : ℃ -4: ℃<  Fuibdnd rbkntevn? >2% -62%, sem camdbmsnceóm<  Ke`rb db hnsbs carrasevas<  @ebm vbmteknda.

>.7 Despaseteva db eiprbseóm >.7.> Eiprbsarn tåriecn Emtbrmn Kn eiprbsarn tåriecn emtbrmn bs apceamnk. Se ustbd quebrb caiprnr umn eiprbsarn, par gnvar camtnctb bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a n su destre`uedar kacnk. Iebmtrns nkeibmtn pnpbk db eiprbseóm, par gnvar, prbstb iucfn ntbmceóm n kns sehuebmtbs matns.  Nmtbs db nkeibmtnr db pnpbk db eiprbseóm, nsbhÿrbsb db qub bk emstruibmta fn seda npnhnda.  Dbspuås db kn nkeibmtnceóm db pnpbk db eiprbseóm, nsbhÿrbsb db cu`rer kn eiprbsarn.

ZPBCNRCEAM

 

Ma utekecb fbrrniebmtns caia pnpbk db keon qub pubdnm dnþnr kas caipambmtbs tåriecas. Ma nprebtb bk cn`bznk db eiprbseóm tåriecn.

MATN

Bk pnpbk usnda pnrn kn eiprbsarn tåriecn db`b sbr db 2:iiØ0:i.

>.7.0 Eiprbsarn Bxtbrmn Kn eiprbsarn bxtbrmn bs apceamnk. Se ustbd quebrb caiprnr umn eiprbsarn, par gnvar pómhnsb

bm camtncta cam bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a cam su destre`uedar kacnk. Kn eiprbsarn qub sb iubstrn bm kn sehuebmtb gehurn, bstî cambctndn n kn gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm y nk pubrta RS@.

NKBPTN Kn eiprbsarn db`b sbr cambctndn n umn tain carrebmtb db`ednibmtb ntbrrezndn. Ka @îseca

>-8 

 

 MATN Sb rbcaiebmdn bk usa db eiprbsarns qub sbnm caipnte`kbs cam bk IP-57N y bmuibrndns bm bk (ma keietndn n) Npåmdecb C. Se ustbd tebmb nkhumn prbhumtn ncbrcn db kns eiprbsarns, par gnvar pómhnsb bm camtncta cam bk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a su destre`uedar kacnk. Kns eiprbsarns cambctndns nk IP-57N db`bm cuipker cam kas rbquesetas db kn marin EBC 7:52: a BM 7:52:. Znrn kns emstrucceambs dbtnkkndns ncbrcn db kn eiprbsarn, camsuktb su inmunk db apbrnceóm.

Gehurb >-4 Cambxeóm db eiprbsarn Bxtbrmn

Pbnkecb kas pnsas sehuebmtbs pnrn emstnknr kn eiprbsarn? > Cambctb bk cn`kb db dntas nk pubrta RS@ bm kn pnrtb pastbrear dbk emstruibmta. 0 Cambctb bk cn`kb db nkeibmtnceóm n umn tain db carrebmtb qub bstî carrbctnibmtb cambctndn n tebrrn. 3 Bmcebmdn bk IP-57N y kn eiprbsarn.

>-6

Ka @îseca

0

Emstnknceóm

0.> Dbsbipnqub............................................................................................................. 0-3 0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db Emstnknceóm................................................................................. 0-3

 

0.0.> Pbqubreiebmtas ni`ebmtnkbs................................................................... 0-3 0.0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db Zatbmcen.................................................................... 0-3 0.0.3 Pbqubreiebmtas db bspncea y nccbse`ekednd............................................. 0-4 0.3 Emstnknmda bk IP-57N............................................................................................... 0-4

Emstnknceóm

0->

 

0-0

Emstnknceóm

0 Emstnknceóm 0.> Dbsbipnqub Nk rbce`er bk emstruibmta, emspbcceamb cuedndasnibmtb bk bipnqub. Se ustbd vb cunkquebr sehma db inktrnta a dnþa, prbsbmtb um rbcknia emibdentnibmtb nk Dbpnrtnibmta db Sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a n su destre`uedar kacnk. Rmn vbz n`ebrta bk bipnqub, vbregequb kn ibrcnmcén bmtrbhndn cam kn kestn db bi`nknob emckuedn nsé caia kn npnrebmcen dbk emstruibmta. Se bmcubmtrn qub nkha gnktn a bstî dnþnda, nkbrtb nk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a n su destre`uedar kacnk emibdentnibmtb.

0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db Emstnknceóm  ZPBCNRCEAM

Nsbhÿrbsb db qub bk emstruibmta bstî emstnknda bm um kuhnr qub cuipkb cam kas rbquesetas. Db ka camtrnrea, ma sb caipartnrî sbhÿm ka praibteda.

0.0.> Pbqubreiebmtas ni`ebmtnkbs

 

 Zrbseóm ntiasgårecn? db 8: lZn->:7lZn  Tbipbrnturn ni`ebmtb? -32 ℃ 2 ℃  Fuibdnd rbkntevn? >2% -62%, sem camdbmsnceóm  Bk emstruibmta db`b sbr emstnknda bm um kuhnr qub

bstî kboas db cnipas bkbctrainhmåtecas

y vaktnobs db emtbrgbrbmcen y sem kuz saknr derbctn

0.0.0 Pbqubreiebmtas db Zatbmcen  Gubmtb db padbr? NC >::W-04:W~, 2:/7:Fz, cn`kb db trbs trb s gnsbs.  Bk emstruibmta db`b bstnr nprapendnibmtb ntbrreznda.

Emstnknceóm

0-3

0.0.3 Pbqubreiebmtas db bspncea y nccbse`ekednd Gehurb 0-> Pbqubreiebmtas db bspncea y nccbse`ekednd

 Bk

bspncea db kn emstnknceóm db`b sbr inyar qub kns deibmseambs (438ii Ø 330ii Ø >84 ii, K Ø X Ø F) dbk emstruibmta.  Kn pkntngarin db emstnknceóm db`b bstnr n mevbk cam pbmdebmtb emgbrear n >?0::.  Kn pkntngarin qub sastebmb db`b sbr cnpnz db sapartnr bk pbsa 2.5V>:-2lh/ii0.  Bk kuhnr db emstnknceóm db`b bstnr `ebm vbmteknda.

0.3 Emstnknmda bk IP-57N  Cambctb

57N

um bxtrbia dbk cn`kb db nkeibmtnceóm suiemestrnda n kn tain db padbr dbk IP-

y bk atra bxtrbia n kn gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm.

 

 Cakaqub

bk emtbrruptar bm AM. Bk bquepa caiebmzn kn emecenkeznceóm qub sb tnrdn nkrbdbdar db >,2 iemutas. Dbspuås db kn emecenkeznceóm, npnrbcb kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

 NKBPTN Nsbhÿrbsb db qub kn tain db carrebmtb bstî cambctndn n tebrrn carrbctnibmtb. Rmn emndbcundn pubstn n tebrrn pubdb n kkbvnr n umn db dbscnrhn bkåctrecn y / a dnþas bquepa. Nsbhÿrbsb db cambctnr bk sestbin umn tain carrebmtb qub cuipkn cam kasnkrbquesetas ibmceamndas y tbmhn um guse`kb ndbcunda emstnknda. 0-4

Emstnknceóm

 

3

Apbrnceambs @îsecns

3.> Emhrbsa db fbrrniebmtns y apbrnceóm................................................................... 3-3 3.>.> Znmtnkkn tîctek y kîpez tîctek......................................................................... 3-3 3.>.0 Tbcknda bibrhbmtb.................................................................................. 3-3 3.0 Npnhnda................................................................................................................. 3-4

Apbrnceambs @îsecns

3->

 

3-0

Apbrnceambs @îsecns

3 Apbrnceam ambbs @î @îsecns

 

3.> Emh Emhrbs rbsa a db db fbrr fbrrnie niebmt bmtns ns y apbr apbrnce nceóm óm 3.> .>.> .>

Znm nmtn tnkk kknn ttîîcte tekk y kkîîpez tî tîccte tekk

Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57N cubmtn cam umn pnmtnkkn tîctek y kîpez, qub sam utekezndas caia fbrrniebmtns db bmtrndn y pubdbm apbrnrsb db kn sehuebmtb garin?  Ckec 'Ckec' sb bmtebmdb bk ncta db iavbr kn pkuin pnrn bk bkbibmta dbsbnda y kubha tacnr kn pnmtnkkn cuedndasnibmtb. Kn apbrnceóm 'ckec' sb utekezn pnrn apbrnr tadas kas `atambs, apceambs, cundras db bdeceóm y tbcknda bibrhbmtb.  Nrrnstrb 'Nrrnstrb' sb bmtebmdb bk ncta db inmtbmbr tacndn kn pnmtnkkn cam kn pkuin y iavbrkn nk kuhnr dbsbnda. Kn apbrnceóm "nrrnstrb" sb utekezn pnrn iavbr kns `nrrns db dbspknzniebmta.

 NKBPTN Nsbhÿrbsb db usnr kn pkuin qub sb emckuyb pnrn apbrnr kn pnmtnkkn tîctek dbk IP-57N. Ma taqub kn pnmtnkkn cam fbrrniebmtns ngekndns. Db atrn inmbrn kn pnmtnkkn pubdb sbr dnþndn.

3.>.0

Tbcknda bibrhbmtb

Bk tbcknda bibrhbmtb sb utekezn pnrn emtraducer mÿibras, kbtrns y cnrnctbrbs.  Znrn vbr iîs pnkn`rns bm atrns pîhemns, sbkbcceamb b pnrn iavbr kn pîhemn db nrre`n n n`noa. y pnrn cni`enr bmtrb inyÿscukns y iemÿscukns.  Sbkbcceamb Wbn kn Gehurn 3->, Gehurn 3-0 y Gehurn 3-3. y fnhn ckec bm umn kbtrn. Kn kbtrn bs emhrbsndn bm inyÿscukns, pbra kns  Sbkbcceamb sehuebmtbs kbtrns sbrîm emhrbsndns bm iemÿscukns.  Sbk  Sbkbc bccceam eamnm nmda da . Tad Tadns kn knss kb kbtr trns ns n cam camtemu temunc nceó eóm, m, sb em emhr hrbs bsnr nrîm îm bm in iny yÿsc scuk ukns ns.. Sbkbcceamb  db mubva pnrn cni`enr nk iada db iemÿscukns.  Z  Znr nrn n sn snke kerr dbk tbckn bcknda da bi bibr brhb hbmt mtb, b, sb sbkb kbcc ccea eam mb . Apbrnceambs @îsecns Gehurn 3-> Tbcknda bibrhbmtb – Inyÿscukns (cam Cnps Kacl)

3-3

 

Gehurn 3-0 Tbcknda bibrhbmtb – Iemÿscukns

Gehurb 3-3 Tbcknda bibrhbmtb – Inyÿscukns (cam Sfegt)

3.0 Npnhnda Durnmtb bk pracbsa db cebrrb, tadas kas dntas, emckuybmda kn emgarinceóm db kns prub`ns, kn camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin, emgarinceóm dbk pncebmtb, rbsuktndas db prub`ns, btc., sb nkincbmnm bm kn ibiaren dbk emstruibmta. Bk pracbsa caipkbta durn umas >2 sbhumdas. 3-4

Apbrnceambs @îsecns

 

4

Apbrnceambs nvnmzndns

4.> Camgehurnceóm db prub`ns....................................................................................... 4-3 4.>.> Ndeceamnmda umn prub`n......................................................................... 4-4 4.>.0 Iadegecnmda camgehurnceóm db pnrîibtras.............................................4->7 4.>.3 @arrnmda umn prub`n..............................................................................4->7 4.>.4 Webmda umn curvn db cnke`rnceóm............................................................4->7 4.>.2 Camgehurnmda umn ardbm db eiprbseóm...................................................4->8 4.0 Zracbsniebmta....................................................................................................4->6 4.0.> Emecea db nmîkeses....................................................................................4-02 4.0.0 Znmtnkkn db rbsuktndas............................................................................4-02 4.3 Pbveseóm db rbsuktndas.........................................................................................4-3> 4.4 Pbpartbs..............................................................................................................4-37 4.4.> Emhrbsa db emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs.....................................................4-35 4.4.0 Iadegecnceóm db emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs.............................................4-4: 4.4.3 @ÿsqubdn db rbsuktndas db prub`ns.....................................................4-4: 4.2 Camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin...................................................................................4-40 4.7 Camtrak db Cnkednd (^C)......................................................................................4-46 4.8 Pbhestras.............................................................................................................4-2> 4.6 Npnhnda..............................................................................................................4-20

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4->

 

4-0

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Cunmda gemnkezn kn emecenkeznceóm, npnrbcb kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Gehurn 4-> Znmtnkkn Zremcepnk

 

4.> Camgehurnceóm db prub`ns Fnhn ckec bm bk `atóm Tbst Sbtup. Npnrbcb kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db prub`ns. Rstbd pubdb camgehurnr kn emgarinceóm db kn prub`n, tnk caia mai`rb db kn prub`n, mai`rb caipkbta, iada db cîkcuka, kn kamhetud db amdn preinren y kamhetud db amdn sbcumdnren. Bk mÿibra db kn prub`n sb nsehmn nutaiîtecnibmtb par bk emstruibmta.

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4-0 Znmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db prub`ns

4-3

 

Bm kn sehuebmtb tn`kn sb prbsbmtnm kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm

Ndd db`b Iadegy kn prub`n, tnk Dbkbtb Cnk Curvb curvn db Ardbr eiprbseóm. Pbturm

Gumceóm

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn nhrbhnr umn mubvn prub`n, qub ma tbmbr bk iesia mai`rb db kns prub`ns bxestbmtbs. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn cni`enr kn emgarinceóm db caia mai`rb caipkbta, kamhetud db Amdn, btc. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vbr bk rbsuktnda db kn prub`n y kn bstîmdnr (s) db umn prub`n cunmtetntevn. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm, pnrn rbardbmnr kns prub`ns pnrn kn Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn

premcepnk.

4.>.> Ndeceamnmda umn prub`n Sbkbcceamb Ndd db kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db prub`ns. Kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db pnrîibtras npnrbcb, emckuybmda trbs pnrtbs? @nsec Znrnibtbrs, ^unketntevb Znrnibtbrs y ^unmtetntevb Znrnibtbrs. 4-4 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4-3 Znmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db pnrîibtras

 

4.>.>.> Znrîibtras @îsecas Gehurb 4-4 Îrbn db pnrîibtras `îsecas

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn bxpkecn kas cnipas bm cndn îrbn Cnipa  Tbst

Dbscrepceóm Bscre`n bk mai`rb db kn prub`n. Se um mai`rb bxestbmtb bs emtraduceda, npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb cundra db deîkaha bibrhbmtb.

Bk mai`rb db kn prub`n tebmb iîxeia 0: cnrnctbrbs. Cnsa camtrnrea, bk Sestbin kb emdecnrî db kn sehuebmtb inmbrn Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Cnipa

Dbscrepceóm

4-2 

 

Fnhn ckec bm bk cundra db bdeceóm oumta n prub`n. Bk tbcknda npnrbcb.

Pbnhbmt @knml

Gukk mnib Zre Xnvb

4-7 Cnipa

Emhrbsb kn emgarinceóm db kas rbnctevas caia mÿibra db katb, gn`recnmtb, btc. Bstb cnipa pubdb dbonrsb bm `knmca. Emhrbsb bk kéietb dbk `knmca db ncubrda nk emsbrta dbk let db rbnctevas. Se bk rbsuktnda bm `knmca supbrn bk kéietb, bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob db nknrin npnrbcb.

Emtraduzcn bk mai`rb caipkbta db kn prub`n. Bstb cnipa pubdb dbonrsb bm `knmca. Sbkbcceamb umn kamhetud db amdn premcepnk dbk cundra db kestn dbspkbhn`kb

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm

 

Sbc Xnvb Bstb

Sbkbcceamb umn kamhetud db amdn sbcumdnren db umn kestn dbspkbhn`kb. cnipa ma bs rbqubreda.

Ma sb db`b sbkbcceamnr kn iesin kamhetud db amdn preinren y sbcumdnren. Db ka camtrnrea npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob db brrar.

Dunk Du nk Snip Snipkb kbss

Cunm unmda b bkk ccu und ndra ra db D Dun unkk S Sni nip pkb kbss b bst stî în nct ctev evnd nda, a, ka kass p paz azas as ndyncbmtbs, db cndn iubstrn sb camgehurnrîm caia umn råpkecn cam kn iesin edbmtegecnceóm db iubstrn. Kn edbmtegecnceóm db kn iubstrn sb pubdb bdetnr.

Kns prub`ns cam iubstrns dupkecndns tebmbm das rbsuktndas db ibdeceóm. Wbr kn gehurn n`noa. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Cnipa

Dbscrepceóm

4-8 

 

 MATN Zubdb bkeiemnr uma db kas rbsuktndas pnrn kn eiprbseóm db sbr mbcbsnrea, a kas das rbsuktndas rbsuktndas sb eipreierîm

Cnkc Iadb

Fny trbs iadas db cîkcuka, qub sam N`sar`nmcen, Cunketntevas (db cartb) y Cunmtetntevas. Bk iada cunmtetnteva emckuyb? Rm saka pumta, pumta n pumta, Iuktepumta N@S%, kembnk, bxpambmcenk, kahnretia, padbr y gnctar. Sbkbcceamb um iada db cîkcuka dbsdb bk cundra db kestn dbspkbhn`kb.

Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb bxpkecnm kas iadas db cîkcuka uma par uma. Cnkc Iada

Dbscrepc Dbsc repceóm eóm

N`sa sar` r`nm nmce cen n

Knss iubst Kn ubstrn rnss sb ied edbm bm de derb rbct ctni nibm bmtb tb cam n` n`sa sar` r`nm nmce cen n cnk nkccukn knd dn.

4-6 Cnkc Iada Cunketn etntev eva a

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Dbscrepce óm Rm v vn nkar N N..C.A. ssb b ccn nkcu kcukn ibd bden enm mtb kkn n ggó óriukn d db b cca art rtb. b. Kn b bv vnku kun nceóm

 ouzhn se bk rbsuktnda dbiubstrn kn prub`n bsbkmbhnteva a paseteva cunketntevn caipnrnmda kn n`sar`nmcen db kn cam vnkar C.A. Góriukn db cartb? Cut-Agg 9 V Ø MC + U x ZC + Gnc.

 

Damdb, MC - Bk camtrak mbhnteva< ZC - camtrak paseteva< V, U, Gnc. Cabgecebmtbs. Emtraduzcn kas vnkarbs db ncubrda cam bk emsbrta dbk let db rbncteva. Atrns góriukns cunketntevns tni`eåm sb pubdbm camvbrter n bstn. Zar bobipka? Se ADiubstrn / MCAD ≢ 0,> sehmegecn paseteva, bmtamcbs V 9 0,>, U 9 :, Gnc. 9 :. Bk rbsuktnda cunketnteva sb cnkcukn cam kn n`sar`nmcen db kn iubstrn / cartb, S / Ca, pnrn n`rbvenr. Se bs mbcbsnrea, umn zamn hres sb pubdb camgehurnr. Se Mbhnteva ; :.5S/Ca y pasetevas ≢ >.>S/Ca, bmtamcbs kas rbsuktndas dbmtra db :.5->.> sb camsedbrb dudasa y sb emdecnm cam ¾.

MATN Rm pumta

Sb pubdb dbgemer kn camgehurnceóm dbk îrbn hres sbhÿm mbcbsednd. Db`b b bsstn`kbcbr um bstîmdnr pnrn kn cnke`rnceóm db um pumta. Kn curvn db ccnk nke` e`rn rnce ceóm óm sb gari arin n nkk ccam ambc bctn tnrr b bkk pu pumt mta a ccbr bra ay bk pu pum mta bstîmdnr. Bk bob V sehmegecn kn camcbmtrnceóm y bk bob U sehmegecn n`sar`nmcen. Bm kn cnke`rnceóm db um pumta, um pumta db `knmca sb db`b bstn`kbcbr pnrn cnke`rnr bk pumta :.

MATN Kn camcbmtrnceóm dbk bstîmdnr db`b sbr inyar n cbra. Bk l bm N 9 l Ø C sb pubdb a`tbmbr n trnvås db kn camcbmtrnceóm dbk bstîmdnr y kn n`sar`nmcen ibdedn. Zar ka tnmta, kn camcbmtrnceóm (EC) db kns iubstrns sb pubdb cnkcuknr bm gumceóm db su n`sar`nmcen (Ne) y bk gnctar l. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Cnkc Iada Zumta n Zumta

4-5

Dbscrepceóm Dbscrepce óm Db`b bstn`kbcbr bmtrb 0 y 6 bstîmdnrbs pnrn kn cnke`rnceóm db pumta n pumta. Kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm (nscbmdbmtb a dbscbmdbmtb) bstî garindn par kn cambxeóm db tadas kas pumtas bstîmdnr. Kn pbmdebmtb, emtbrsbcceóm y bxtbmseóm db cndn kémbn pubdb sbr a`tbmedn par kn dbgemeceóm db umn kémbn cam das pumtas. Zar bobipka, fny trbs bstîmdnrbs cam camcbmtrnceóm db C>, C0 y C3, y n`sar`nmcen db N>, N0 y N3. Zar ka tnmta, das kémbns pubdbm geonrsb db kn sehuebmtb inmbrn?  N

l> C

 `>

 N'

Kémbn dbgemedn 9 dbgemedn + bstî C cam (C0, N0) ycam (C3,(C>, N3).N>) y (C0, N0), kémbn 9 +  `0 bstî

l0

 

Fnstn 6 bstîmdnrbs sb pbrietbm y camstetuerîm umn kémbn qub`rndn db 8 sbhibmtas. Zar ka tnmta, kn pbmdebmtb y kn emtbrsbcceóm db cndn kémbn pubdbm sbr cnkcukndns.

MATN

Iukte-p Iuk te-pumt umta a % N@S

Kas bstîmdnrbs db`bm sbr despubstas par camcbmtrnceóm (db ibmar n inyar). Se bk rbsuktnda bs iîs nkkî db kn kémbn db trnza, kas rbsuktndas db kn iubstrn sbrîm emdecndas par "*", ka qub sehmegecn qub bk rbsuktnda bstî gubrn dbk rnmha db cnke`rnceóm. Sb pu pubdbm bdbm b bstn stn`kbc `kbcbr br db 0 n 6 bst bstîmd îmdnrbs nrbs ccam am kn i inya nyarr n`sa n`sar`n r`nmce mcen n dbk >::%. Kn n`sar`nmcen db kas atras bstîmdnrbs y kns iubstrns sb bxprbsn bm parcbmtnob (%). Kn cnke`rnceóm iukte-pumta sb pubdb fncbr db kn iesin inmbrn caia bk iåtada db pumta n pumta. Supamhnias qub fny trbs bstîmdnrbs. Bk tbrcbr bstîmdnr tebmb kn inyar n`sar`nmcen N3 (>::%). Kn rbknceóm bmtrb kn n`sar`nmcen db atra bstîmdnr y N3 bs bk bob U db kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm y kn camcbmtrnceóm bs bk bob V. Kn pbmdebmtb y kn emtbrsbcceóm db kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm sb pubdbm cnkcuknr db kn iesin inmbrn qub bm bk iåtada db pumta n pumta.

MATN Kas bstîmdnrbs db`bm sbr despubstas par camcbmtrnceóm (db ibmar n inyar). Se bk rbsuktnda bs iîs nkkî db kn kémbn db trnza, kas rbsuktndas db kn iubstrn sbrîm emdecndas par "*", ka qub sehmegecn qub bk rbsuktnda bstî gubrn dbk rnmha db cnke`rnceóm. 4->: Cnkc Iada Kembnk

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Dbscrepce óm Sb pubdbm bstn`kbcbr db 0 n 6 bstîmdnrbs, `nsndas bm qub umn kémbn N 9 lC + ` bstnrî caia curvn db cnke`rnceóm. Fny das pnrîibtras db

cnke`rnceóm l y `. Supamhnias qub Ce bs camcbmtrnceóm Ne bs kn n`sar`nmcen, y m bs bk mÿibra dbkn bstîmdnrbs. L y `dbk sb bstîmdnr, pubdb a`tbmbr cam kns sehuebmtbs bcunceambs?

 QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ   QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ 

 

Bxpam xpambm bmccenk enk

Sb pu pubd bdbm bm bs bsttn` n`kb kbccbr db 0 n 6 bs bsttîm îmd dnr nrbs bs,, ssa` a`rb rb kn `nsb `nsb db qub umn  `C 9  N lb  sb tbmdrî caia curvn db cnke`rnceóm. Kn camcbmtrnceóm db kémbn kas bstîmdnrbs bs C>, C0 ... Ce, y kn n`sar`nmcen db kas bstîmdnrbs bs N>, N0 ... Nm. Se bk kahnretia db N sb cnkcukn n trnvås db N'9 Km N, bmtamcbs pubdb usnrsb pnrn rbbipknznr Ne db kn rbhrbseóm kembnk. Zar ka tnmta, kn bxpambmcenk sb pubdb trnmsgarinr bm umn rbhrbseóm kembnk? 9 N'9 l'C + `' .  QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ   QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ 

MATN Kahnrétieca

Kn camcbmtrnceóm db kas bstîmdnrbs db`b sbr inyar n cbra. Zubdb bstn`kbcbr db 0 n 6 bstîmdnrbs, `nsndas bm kn kémbn N 9 l  KmC +  ` sbrî kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm. Kn camcbmtrnceóm db kas bstîmdnrbs bs C>, C0 ... Ce, y kn n`sar`nmcen db kas bstîmdnrbs bs N>, N0 ... Nm. Se bk kahnretia db C sb cnkcukn cam C '9  KmC , bmtamcbs > 0 m C ' ,C ' ,L C  C'  pubdb usnrsb pnrn rbbipknznr Ce db kn rbhrbseóm kembnk. Zar ka tnmta, bk kahnretia sb pubdb trnmsgarinr bm umn rbhrbseóm kembnk? 9 N'9 l'C +  `'.

MATN Kn camcbmtrnceóm db kas bstîmdnrbs db`b sbr inyar n cbra. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns  Cnkc Iada Zatbmcen

4->>

Dbscrepceóm Dbscrepce óm Sb pubdb bstn`kbcbr db 0 n 6 bstîmdnrbs, cam `nsb bm qub kn kémbn  N 9 lC ` sbrî kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm. Kn n`sar`nmcen y kn camcbmtrnceóm db cndn bstîmdnr db`bm sbr inyarbs qub :. Camcbmtrnceóm db kas bstîmdnrbs bs C>, C0... Ce, y kn n`sar`nmcen db kas bstîmdnrbs bs N>, N0 ... Nm. Se bk kahnretia db C sb cnkcukn cam C '9  KmC   y bk kahnretia db N bs  N'9  Km N, kn patbmcen pubdb sbr trnmsgarindn bm rbhrbseóm kembnk? N'9 l'C '+ `'.

 QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ   QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ 

MATN

Gnctar

Kn n`sar`nmcen y kn camcbmtrnceóm db cndn bstîmdnr db`bm sbr inyarbs qub :.  QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ   QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ  Gariukn? N 9 l C +  ` .Damdb l y ` sam emhrbsndas par bk usunrea.  QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ   QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ 

MATN L ma pubdb sbr :.

4.>.>.0 Znrîibtras cunketntevas Cunmda sb sbkbcceamn cunketnteva bm bk îi`eta iada dbgehurn. cîkcuka, sb db`bm camgehurnr kas pnrîibtras cunketntevas caia sb iubstrn bm kndb sehuebmtb

 

Gehurn 4-2 Îrbn db pnrîibtras cunketntevas Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb bxpkecnm kas cnipas bm bk îrbn.

4->0 Cnipa Cnip a Zumta db cartb

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Dbscrep ceóm Sb db`bm emhrbsnr trbs gnctarbs db ncubrda cam bk emsbrta dbk let db

MATN rbnctevas. Kn góriukn db cartb pubdb vnrenr kehbrnibmtb cam kas degbrbmtbs gn`recnmtbs db rbnctevas, pbra tadns bstns góriukns sb pubdbm trnmsgarinr bm umn caia sb iubstrn bm kn Gehurn 4-2. Zar bobipka, bk inmunk dbk let db nmtéhbma db supbrgeceb db kn fbpntetes @ emdecn, qub se AD Iubstrn/ MCAD= 0,>, bmtamcbs bs paseteva, db ka camtrnrea, bs mbhnteva. Kn góriukn tni`eåm pubdb trnmsgarinrsb bm kn garin db cartb? C ut ut - agg 90.>Ø MC *AD + :Ø ZC *AD + :. Damdb, kas trbs gnctarbs sam 0.>, : y :. Pnmh Pn mha a MC y P Pnm nmha ha Z ZC C Emtr Emtrad aduz uzcn cn kkas as eemt mtbr brvn vnka kass d db b rrbg bgbr brbm bmce cen n ssbh bhÿm ÿm bk eems msbr brta ta db dbkk le lett db rbnctevas. Kas das rnmhas ma sam mbcbsnreas. Znrn kns prub`ns db iada cunketnteva emvbrsa, se kn n`sar`nmcen MC bs emgbrear nk kéietb `noa, bk kéietb emgbrear db`b sbr utekeznda pnrn bk cîkcuka. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn MC supbrn bk kéietb `noa, db`b utekeznrsb, yn qub bm rbnkednd bs. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn MC supbrn bk kéietb nkta, dn umn nknrin y npnrbcb um ibmsnob db kn sehuebmtb inmbrn. Se kn dbmsednd ZC bs emgbrear nk kéietb emgbrear, um ibmsnob db nknrin npnrbcb caia sehub. Se kn n`sar`nmcen ZC bxcbdb bk kéietb `noa, sb db`b utekeznr caia db fbcfa bs. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn ZC bxcbdb bk kéietb supbrear, bk kéietb supbrear db`b utekeznrsb bm kuhnr db kn n`sar`nmcen rbnk. Znrn kns prub`ns db iada cunketnteva emvbrsa, se kn n`sar`nmcen MC bs emgbrear nk kéietb `noa, um ibmsnob db nknrin npnrbcb caia sehub. Se kn n`sar`nmcen MC supbrn bk kéietb `noa, db`b utekeznrsb, yn qub bm rbnkednd bs. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn MC supbrn bk kéietb nkta, bk kéietb nkta db`b sbr usnda bm kuhnr db kn n`sar`nmcen rbnk. Se kn n`sar`nmcen ZC bs emgbrear nk kéietb `noa, bk kéietb emgbrear sb db`b utekeznr pnrn bk cîkcuka. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn ZC supbrn bk kéietb `noa, db`b sbr utekeznda caia ka qub rbnkibmtb bs. Se kn dbmsednd óptecn ZC bxcbdb kéietb supbrear, um ibmsnob db nknrin npnrbcb caia sehub.

 

Zar bobipka, bk inmunk dbk let db nmtéhbma db supbrgeceb db Fbpntetes @, kn DA dbk MC db`b sbr utekezndas caia :,:2 se bs emgbrear n :,:2 y caia  Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns 4->3

 

Cnipa

^unk Iadb rbnctevas.

MC y ZC

Dbscrepceóm Bk vnkar nctunk se bs inyar db :.:2. Bmtamcbs bk kéietb `noa pnrn bk camtrak mbhnteva db`b sbr :.:2. Sbkbcceamb Derbcta a Pbvbrsa db ncubrda cam bk emsbrta dbk let db

Bm iada derbcta, se Mbhnteva;Mbhnteva Cut-agg nmd Zaseteva ≢ Cut-agg paseteva, bmtamcbs bk emtbrvnka bmtrb kas das vnkarbs db cut-agg bs umn zamn hres, bm kn cunk kas rbsuktndas a`tbmedas sam dudasas. Bm iada emvbrsa, se Mbhnteva ≢ Cut-agg Mbhnteva y Zaseteva ; Cut-agg Zaseteva, Zasete va, bmtamcbs bk emtbrvnka bmtrb kas das vnkarbs db Cut-agg bs umn zamn hres, bm kn cunk kas rbsuktndas a`tbmedas sam dudasas. Se umn rbknceóm brrómbn S/Ca sb emhrbsn, npnrbcb bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob.

4.>.>.3 Znrîibtras cunmtetntevas Gehurn 4-7 Îrbn db Znrîibtras cunmtetntevas

 MATN Emhrbsb kas pnrîibtras db ncubrda nk let db rbnctevas. Kn camcbmtrnceóm (S>-S6) emhrbsndn db`b sbr camsestbmtb cam bk mÿibra db cnke`rndarbs. Cunmda sb cni`en bk mÿibra y camcbmtrnceóm db kas cnke`rndarbs, kas pnrîibtras carrbspamdebmtbs db curvn y cnke`rnceóm db kn prub`n sbrîm `arrndas. Kn prub`n db`b cnke`rnrsb db mubva. Kn tn`kn sehuebmtb bxpkecn kas cnipas bm åstn îrbn. 4->4 Cnipa Mr ag Stds

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Emhrbsb bk mÿibra db bstîmdnrbs (iîxeia db 6). Emhrbsb kn camcbmtrnceóm bm kns cnons db bdeceóm (S>-S6) sehuebmtbs nk mÿibra db bstîmdnrbs. Zar gnvar matb qub bk mÿibra db bstîmdnrbs db`b

carrbspamdbr cam bk iada db cîkcuka sbkbcceamnda. Wbr 4.>.>.>

 

Znrîibtras @îsecas. Rmn bmtrndn emcarrbctn pubdb acnseamnr bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob db brrar.

Rmet

Sbkbcceamb kn umednd db camcbmtrnceóm db kn kestn dbspkbhn`kb. Bstb cnipa bs rbqubreda. Se ma sb sbkbcceamnm umedndbs, bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob npnrbcbrî. (Rstbd preibra db`b camgehurnr kns umedndbs db camcbmtrnceóm bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. Wbr 4.2 Camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin％

Dunk Stds

Cunmda sb sbkbcceamnm bstîmdnrbs par dupkecnda, bk paza ndyncbmtb db cndn bstîmdnr sbrî umn råpkecn cam bk iesia mÿibra, bk cunk pubdb sbr bdetnda. Nk sbkbcceamnr RM sehmegecn um bstîmdnr seipkb. Znrn bk iada db cîkcuka Gnctar, ustbd db`b emhrbsnr l y ` bm kns cnsekkns db bdeceóm camtemuns n l y `. Znrn kas atras iadas db cîkcuka, bstas das cnipas bstîm dbsfn`eketndas.

ly`

MATN

l ma db`b sbr :. Cunmda gemnkecb kn camgehurnceóm, aprein AL pnrn snkvnrkn y rbtarmnr n kn pnmtnkkn nmtbrear. A fnhn Cnmcbk pnrn n`artnr kas cni`eas db camgehurnceóm. Cunmda kas pnrîibtras cunmtetntevas sb cni`enm, npnrbcb bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob (Cni`enmda l y/a ` bs atra cnsa).Sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn snkvnr kas cni`eas. Tadas kas pnrîibtras carrbspamdebmtbs db curvn y cnke`rnceóm db kn prub`n sbrîm `arrndas. Kn prub`n db`b cnke`rnrsb db mubva. Sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn n`artnr kas cni`eas.

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4->2 

4.>.0 Iadegecnr Znrîibtras db camgehurnceó camgehurnceóm m Znrn cni`enr kas pnrîibtras db camgehurnceóm db kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn, vbr 4.>.>.> Znrîibtras @îsecas.

4.>.3 @arrnr umn prub`n Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y prbseamb Dbkbtb. Tadn kn emgarinceóm sa`rb kn prub`n sb `arrn, bxcbpta kas rbsuktndas db kn prub`n qub pubdbm sbr kknindas. Gehurn 4-8 Cnsekkn db deîkaha db @arrnr umn prub`n

 

4.>.4 Wbr kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm Kas rbsuktndas db kas cnke`rndarbs y kn curvn pnrn prub`ns cunmtetntevns sam snkvndas nutaiîtecnibmtb y pubdbm sbr rbvesndas db sbr mbcbsnrea. Bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db prub`ns, sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y aprein Cnk Curvb. Sb iastrnrî kn pnmtnkkn db curvn db cnke`rnceóm. Sb pubdb vbr kn n`sar`nmcen pnrn cndn camcbmtrnceóm db bstîmdnrbs y kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm carrbspamdebmtb.

4->7 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4-6 Znmtnkkn db curvn db cnke`rnceóm

 

Znrn eipreier kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm, sbkbcceamb Zremt bm kn pnrtb db n`noa db kn pnmtnkkn. Sbkbcceamb Cnmcbk pnrn rbtarmnr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

4.>.2 Camgehurnceóm dbdbórdbmbs db db eiprbseóm Sbkbcceamb Ardbr bm kn pnmtnkkn camgehurnceóm prub`ns, sb iastrnrî kn pnmtnkkn db ardbm db camgehurnceóm. Sb pubdbm rbardbmnr kns prub`ns bm um ardbm, bm bk cunk sb eipreierîm kns prub`ns bm kas rbpartbs db pncebmtbs. Gehurn 4-5 Znmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db ardbm

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns  Sbkbcceamb

pnrn iavbr kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn n kn preibrn paseceóm.



 Sbkbcceamb

 Sbkbcceamb

pnrn iavbr kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn n kn paseceóm prbven. pnrn iavbr kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn n kn sehuebmtb paseceóm.

4->8 

 

 Sbkbcceamb pnrn iavbr kn prub`n sbkbcceamndn n kn ÿktein paseceóm.  Sbkbcceamb Pbstarb pnrn cnmcbknr kn ÿktein camgehurnceóm.  Sbkbcceamb AL pnrn snkvnr kn camgehurnceóm y rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db

prub`ns.  Sbkbcceamb Pbturm pnrn n`artnr kn camgehurnceóm y rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm

db prub`ns. MATN Nkhumas pbrgekbs db prub`ns caia Fbpntetes @ (2 prub`ns) db`bm sbr arhnmezndns nprapendnibmtb. Wbr Gehurn 4-5. Db atrn garin, kns prub`ns pubdbm destre`uersb nkbntarenibmtb bm kn eiprbseóm.

4.0 Carrbr kns prub`ns Sbkbcceamb Pum bm kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Kn sehuebmtb pnmtnkkn sb iubstrn. Gehurn 4->: Znmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db pracbsa

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn bxpkecn kas cnipas db kn pnmtnkkn. 4->6 Cnipa Iavb Iadb

Zkncb Iadb Sfnlemh

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Sb rbgebrb nk iada db iaveiebmta dbk pknta. Fny das apceambs? Stbp y Camte (Camtemua). Stbp? Sb nkcnmzn nktn prbceseóm db kn ibdedn cam åstb iada db pnsa. Camte ? Sb ncbkbrn kn vbkacednd db kn ibdedn cam bk iada camtemua. Sb rbgebrb nk iada db u`ecnceóm dbk pknta. Fny das apceambs despame`kbs? Far (Farezamtnk) y Wbr (Wbrtecnk).

Bm åstn îrbn sb pubdb vbkacednd y tebipa db ibzckn. Kns apceambs pravestns pnrncamgehurnr vbkacedndknsam? Waed , Kaw  , Ibd  (Ibden)  (Ibden) y Fehf .

 

Waed sehmegecn

 Tbst Cnkc Iadb

sem ibzcknr. Bk tebipa db ibzckn db`b bstnr bmtrb :-7:. : sehmegecn sem ibzckn. Mai`rb db kn prub`n. Iåtada db cîkcuka db kn prub`n.

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn iubstrn kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm Gumceóm Snipkb

Sbkbcceamb cunkquebr paza damdb quebrn carrbr iubstrns, kn edbmtegecnceóm db kn iubstrn db`b sbr bmtrb > y 555 y db`b sbr nsehmndn dbsdb bk >. Znrn cni`en bk ED db kn iubstrn, sbkbcceamb db Mubva bm bk paza. Emhrbsb bk ED db kn iubstrn bm kn cnsekkn bibrhbmtb db bieseóm. Se umn iubstrn sam bk iesia ED bxestb, ustbd sbrî nkbrtnda par um ibmsnob.

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns @atóm @knml

4->5

Gumceóm Bk `knmca sb usn pnrn dbgemer bk cbra db n`sar`nmcen db umn prub`n y db`b sbr su`strnéda db kn n`sar`nmcen db kas atras pazas durnmtb kn ibdeceóm. Sem bi`nrha, bk `knmca ma sb rbquebrb pnrn tadns kns prub`ns y pubdb pracbsnrsb cunmda sb mbcbsetb. Kas rbsuktndas db `knmca pnrn cndn prub`n sam snkvndas nutaiîtecnibmtb y sbrîm usndas pnrn kas sehuebmtbs cîkcukas db kn iesin prub`n sema sb pracbsn atra `knmca. M (M≤57) pazas pnrn `knmca sam pbrietedas pnrn cndn prub`n bm umn pkncn. Bk sestbin praibdenrî kas rbsuktndas db `knmca y snkvnrî bk vnkar ibdea caia bk ÿmeca rbsuktnda db `knmca db kn prub`n.

MATN

 

MC

ZC

Se um `knmca bs prahrninda bm cndn pkncn, su n`sar`nmcen sbrî su`strnédn db kn db kas atras pazas db kn pkncn. Se ma sb prahrnin um `knmca, bk rbsuktnda prbvea db `knmca sbrî rbtainda pnrn bk cîkcuka db kn n`sar`nmcen. Zrub`ns degbrbmtbs db`bm tbmbr `knmcas degbrbmtbs. Sb rbgebrb nk camtrak mbhnteva y saka npkecn pnrn prub`ns db Cut-agg. MCs pubdbm tbmbr bk iesia mÿibra y bstîm pbrietedas vnreas MCs pnrn cndn prub`n. Bk sestbin praibden kas rbsuktndas y snkvn bk vnkar ibdea caia bk ÿmeca rbsuktnda db MC pnrn kn prub`n. Sb rbgebrb nk camtrak pasetevb. MC y ZC db`bm sbr camgehurndas pnrn prub`ns cunketntevns qub sam carredns par preibrn vbz< db atrn garin npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob.

MATN Ni`as MC y ZC db`bm sbr camgehurndas bm umn sakn pkncn. Se sóka sb camgehurn MC a ZC, bk sestbin utekeznrî bk vnkar prbvea db Cut-agg pnrn bvnkunr. 4-0: @atóm STD

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns . Gumceóm Rmn bstîmdnr db`b bstnr camgehurnda pnrn kns prub`ns cunmtetntevns qub s bobcutnm par preibrn vbz. Se kns prub`ns yn fnm seda cnke`rndns, ma bs mbcbsnrea bstîmdnr, a tadas kas bstîmdnrbs sb db`bm camgehurnr db mubva se um bstîmdnr fn seda cni`enda. Zrahrnib kas bstîmdnrbs db ncubrda n kas pnrîibtras bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db kn prub`n. Ma bstî pbrieteda bk bstn`kbceiebmta pnrcenk db bstîmdnrbs. Sbkbcceamb

kas bm qub dbsbn bobcutnr kas bstîmdnrbs. Kas prub`n pazas sbbstîm muibrnm S>, pazas S0, S3.... Cunmda tadas kas bstîmdnrbs pnrn umn camgehurndas, bk sestbin kb derî "Mÿibra db bstîmdnrbs bxcbdb bk kéietb "se sb bstn`kbcb atra bstîmdnr. Se emecen kn ibdeceóm a crbn umn mubvn prub`n cunmda kn camgehurnceóm db bstîmdnrbs ma sb fn tbriemnda, bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob npnrbcbrî (bm kn pnrtb emgbrear).

 

^C

Dbk Mbw

Nmtbs db prahrninr ^C, ustbd db`b camgehurnr kas pnrîibtras db ^C bm kn pnmtnkkn ^C. Db ka camtrnrea npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob.

Bk mÿibra db keietnda. sestbin praibden tadas rbsuktndas db camtrakbs ^C y snkvnmabkbs vnkar ibdeaBkcaia rbsuktnda gemnk. Sókakas bk ÿkteia rbsuktnda db ^C bs snkvnda par prub`n cndn dén. Aprein åstb `atóm y sbkbcceamb bk paza dbsbnda pnrn `arrnrkb kn emgarinceóm prahrnindn. Nmtbs db prahrninr umn pkncn, ustbd db`b sbkbcceamnr Mbw pnrn sbkbcceamnr umn prub`n bxestbmtb. Db atrn garin npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

@atóm

Gumceóm

4-0>

 

Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n db kn kestn, aprein AL .

Cndn prub`n pubdb sbr prahrnindn saka umn vbz bm kn pkncn< db ka camtrnrea npnrbcbrî bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob.

Dbspuås db prahrninr umn prub`n, sbkbcceamb Mbw . Kas pazas prahrnindas npnrbcbrîm bm hres y ma padrîm sbr bdetndas. 4-00 @atóm

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm

 

Cndn prub`n pubdb prahrninrsb umn vbz bm kn pkncn, fnstn >0 prub`ns pubdbm prahrninrsb par cndn pkncn. Cunmda sb camgehurn kn >3 prub`n, bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob npnrbcbrî.

Nkk

Sbkbcceamnmda Nkk . Bk sehuebmtb cundra db deîkaha npnrbcbrî. Sb pubdbm bmuibrnr kns iubstrns bm bk îrbn db kn pkncn. Kn iubstrn emecenk bs > par dbgbcta. Bk paza emecenk bs N> y bk paza gemnk bs F>0.

Se sbkbcceamn Dunk Snipkbs pnrn umn prub`n, das pazas ndyncbmtbs bm derbcceóm farezamtnk a vbrtecnk sb muibrnrîm db garin edåmtecn. Rstbd pubdb tni`eåm cni`enr kas mÿibras hbmbrndas, sbhÿm sbn mbcbsnrea. Cndn iubstrn db pncebmtb db`b tbmbr umn edbmtegecnceóm ÿmecn durnmtb um dén. Bm bk kestnda db rbsuktndas db kn prub`n, cndn pncebmtb db`b tbmbr umn edbmtegecnceóm db iubstrn pnrn tadns kns prub`ns. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns @atóm

4-03

Gumceóm

 MATN Bk sestbin rbcahb tadas kas rbsuktndas db cndn ED db iubstrn bm bk dén nctunk. qub prahrnin, par gnvar nsbhÿrbsb db qub cndn ED db iubstrnIebmtrns carrbspamdb nk pncebmtb.

 

Rstbd pubdb cni`enr kas pazas qub fnm seda prahrnindas. Ckbnr

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr tadn kn emgarinceóm prahrnindn db kas pazas db umn pkncn.

Stnrt

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn emecenr bk pracbsniebmta db tadns kns prub`ns db kn pkncn.

Pbturm

4-04

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4.0.> Emecea db Nmîkeses Gehurb 4->> Znmtnkkn db Emecea db Nmîkeses

 

Dbspuås db prahrninr, sbkbcceamb Stnrt pnrn emecenr kn ibdeceóm bm kn pkncn nctunk. Kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns sb iastrnrîm bm cndn paza.

MATN Cunmda umn prub`n gemnkecb, aprein Pbturm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm db pracbsniebmta. Znrn rbpracbsnr umn prub`n, sbkbcceamb Ckbnr y bmtamcbs aprein Mbw pnrn sbkbcceamnr umn mubvn prub`n. Db ka camtrnrea, kn prub`n sehuebmtb sb pracbsnrî utekeznmda kn camgehurnceóm db kn prub`n nmtbrear.

4.0.0 Znmtnkkn db rbsuktndas Cunmda tadns kns prub`ns db umn pkncn gemnkeznm, kas rbsuktndas sam iastrndas bm cndn paza caia sehub. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurb 4->0 Znmtnkkn db rbsuktndas db prub`ns

4-02 

 

MATN Se kn camcbmtrnceóm db um paza ma pubdb sbr cnkcukndn, ma sb iubstrn memhÿm rbsuktnda y bk paza sb emdecn cam ‛*’. Kn tn`kn sehuebmtb bxpkecn kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm Gumceóm Zremt pkncn nctunk.

4-07 @atóm

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn eipreier tadas kas dntas db prub`ns db kn

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm

 

MATN Bk garinta db eiprbseóm degebrb iuy paca bmtrb kn eiprbseóm emtbrmn y bxtbrmn. Ni`as garintas iubstrnm bk mÿibra dbk paza, kn n`sar`nmcen, rbsuktndas cunketntevas a cunmtetntevas. Bk garinta db eiprbseóm emtbrma ma iubstrn bk ED db kn iubstrn. Zar gnvar prbstb iucfn ntbmceóm n kn carrbspamdbmcen bmtrb bk mÿibra dbk paza y bk ED Snvb nctunk.

db kn iubstrn. Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn snkvnr kas dntas db kns prub`ns db kn pkncn

MATN

Pbturm nmîkeses.

Se ustbd rbhrbsn n kn pnmtnkkn nmtbrear sem apreier Snvb, kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns ma sbrîm nkincbmndas me bstnrîm despame`kbs pnrn camsuktn. Se kn cnpncednd db kn `nsb db dntas bs bxcbdedn, bk sestbin kb rbcardnrî `arrnr kas rbhestras iîs nmtehuas usnmda Dbkbtb Festary bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn db emecea db Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-08 

Pbsuktndas bm iada n`sar`nmcen Cunmda tadns kns prub`ns db umn pkncn sam gemnkezndns, bk ED db kn iubstrn y bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen db cndn paza sb iubstrnm. Bm cndn paza, bk mÿibra supbrear y bk ED db kn iubstrn y bk mÿibra emgbrear bs bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen. Znrn kas pazas vncéas ma npnrbcb memhÿm vnkar.

 

Gehurn 4->3 Pbsuktndas db N`sar`nmcen

Pbsuktndas bm iada cunketnteva Bm iada cunketnteva, kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns sb iubstrnm bm cndn paza, cam kn kémbn supbrear dbk ED db kn iubstrn y bk rbsuktnda cunketnteva ‛+’/’-’, bm kn kémbn ibden bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen y bm kn kémbn `non bk vnkar S/Ca. Kas pazas vncéas ma iubstrnm mndn. Bk `knmca a kas pazas db MC/ZC ma tebmbm rbsuktndas cunketntevas a S/Ca.

4-06 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurb 4->4 Pbsuktndas db prub`ns cunketntevns

 

Pbsuktndas bm iada Cunmtetnteva Bm iada cunmtetnteva, kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns sb iubstrnm bm cndn paza, cam kn kémbn supbrear cam bk Se ED kn dbcamcbmtrnceóm kn iubstrn, kndb kémbn kn pubdb n`sar`nmcen y kn kémbn emgbrear kn camcbmtrnceóm. um ibden paza ma cnkcuknrsb, npnrbcb um nstbresca ‛*’. Kas pazas vncéas ma iubstrnm mndn. Znrn kas pazas db cnke`rndar y `knmcas, saknibmtb npnrbcb bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen sem memhÿm rbsuktnda cunmtetnteva. Gehurn 4->2 Pbsuktndas db prub`ns cunmtetntevns

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-05

Pbsuktndas bm iada Cnke`rnceóm Znrn kas pazas db bstîmdnrbs, saknibmtb sb iubstrn bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen sem camcbmtrnceóm. Se kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm ma pubdb a`tbmbrsb db ncubrda n kas pnrîibtras

 

db cnke`rnceóm y kn n`sar`nmcen ma fn seda camgehurndn, bk sestbin kb nkbrtnrî pnrn carrbr umn cnke`rnceóm mubvnibmtb. Gehurn 4->7 Pbsuktndas db cnke`rnceóm

Pbsuktndas bm iada db Camtrak db Cnkednd (^C) Bm iada ^C, kas pazas pnrn camtrak db cnkednd iubstrnm bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen, kas pazas pnrn prub`ns cunketntevns iubstrnm bk vnkar S/Ca, y kas pazas pnrn prub`ns cunmtetntevns iubstrnm kn camcbmtrnceóm. Se bk rbsuktnda db ^C bstî iîs nkkî db kn curvn db cnke`rnceóm a gubrn dbk camtrak, bk sestbin iastrnrî um ibmsnob db brrar caia bk sehuebmtb.

4-3: Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4->8 Pbsuktndas db ^C (gubrn db rnmha)

 

Gehurb 4->6 Pbsuktndas db ^C Pbsuktndas (gubrn db camtrak)

4.3 Pbveseóm db rbsuktndas Bk IP-57N praparceamn das iadas pnrn `ÿsqubdn db rbsuktndas? par pkncn a par prub`n. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4->5 Sbkbcceóm db iada db `ÿsqubdn

4-3>

 

@ÿsqubdn par pkncn

Sbkbcceamb kn gbcfn b emhrbsb bk mÿibra db pkncn dbsbnda. Kn pnmtnkkn iastrnrî ka sehuebmtb.

MATN

Kas rbsuktndas iastrndas bm kn pkncn sb a`tebmbm db kn ÿktein ibdeceóm dbk dén bm cursa. Gehurn 4-0: @ÿsqubdn par pkncn

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn emtraducb kas `atambs bm pnmtnkkn. @atóm Gumceóm Dntb Sbkbcceamn kn gbcfn pnrn `uscnr kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns dbsbndas. Zrbveaus Sbkbcceamb pnrn vbr kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns db kn pkncn nmtbrear. Mbxt Sbkbcceamb pnrn vbr kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns db kn sehuebmtb pkncn. 4-30

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

@atóm

Gumceóm

Zremt

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn eipreier tadas kas dntas db prub`ns db kn

pkncn nctunk. Dbkbtemh n

 

 Tbst

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr tadas kas rbs rbsuktndas uktndas db prub`ns bm kn pkncn nctunk. Bm kn cnsekkn db deîkaha, sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn `arrnr kas dntas a sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn n`artnr bk `arrnda.

.

MATN

Kas rbsuktndas `arrndas ma sb pubdbm rbstnurnr a camsuktnr. Pbturm

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn rbtarmnr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

@ÿsqubdn par prub`n Kas rbsuktndas dbk dén bm cursa sb iubstrnm par prub`n bm ardbm db kn farn db kn prub`n. Kn pnmtnkkn db `ÿsqubdn par prub`n sb iubstrn n`noa.

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

Gehurb 4-0> @ÿsqubdn par prub`n

4-33

 

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn emtraducb kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm Gumceóm Suiinry

Sbkbcceamb bstb `atóm pnrn vbr kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns dbsbndns db ncubrda n kns prub`ns y camdeceambs bspbcegecndns. Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y aprein Suiinry . Bk sehuebmtb cundra db deîkaha npnrbcb.

Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y bk tepa db rbsuktnda, bmtamcbs sbkbcceamb AL . Kn sehuebmtb vbmtnmn npnrbcb. 4-34 @atóm

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm

 

Sbkbcceamb Cnmcbk pnrn rbtarmnr n kn pnmtnkkn db @ÿsqubdn par prub`n. Pbsukt

Bm kn pnmtnkkn db `ÿsqubdn par prub`n, sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y aprein Pbsukt . Tadas kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns sb iubstrnm bm pnmtnkkn.

  Sbkbcceamb Cnmcbk pnrn rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn db `ÿsqubdn par prub`n. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-32 

@atóm

Gumceóm

Dntb

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn vbr kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns festórecas db kn gbcfn bspbcegecndn.

 

Pbturm

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn rbhrbsnr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

4.4 Pbpartbs Kn gumceóm db rbpartbs pbrietb emhrbsnr y bdetnr kn emgarinceóm db kas pncebmtbs b eipreierkn  oumta cam kas carrbspamdebmtbs rbsuktndas db prub`ns dbk dén bm cursa. Kn eiprbseóm par umn eiprbsarn bxtbrmn sb iubstrn n`noa. Gehurn 4-00 Pbpartb db Zncebmtb

4-37

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Sbkbcceamb Pbparts bm kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Kn sehuebmtb vbmtnmn sb iubstrn.

Gehurn 4-03 Znmtnkkn db Pbpartbs >

 

Gehurn 4-04 Znmtnkkn db rbpartbs 0

MATN

 Tadas kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns db um ED db iubstrn db um dén sam nkincbmndas bm bk sestbin. Iebmtrns prahrnin kns prub`ns, nsbhÿrbsb qub bk iesia ED carrbspamdb n um pncebmtb. Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn emtraducb kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-38 

@atóm

Gumceóm

Ndd Iadegy

Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn ndeceamnr um mubva pncebmtb. Sbkbcceamb um pncebmtb y aprein åstb `atóm pnrn cni`enr kn emgarinceóm dbk pncebmtb. Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr bk pncebmtb sbkbcceamnda. Sbkbcceamb um pncebmtb db kn pnmtnkkn db Pbpartbs, y aprein Dbkbtb. Bk cundra db

Dbkbtb

 

deîkaha db camgerinceóm npnrbcb. Sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn `arrnr um pncebmtb y kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns nsacendns.

Pbsukt Zremt

Sbkbcceamb um pncebmtb y aprein Pbsukt . Zubdb rbvesnr tadas kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns dbk pncebmtb. Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn eipreier kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns dbk pncebmtb sbkbcceamnda. Iÿktepkbs rbsuktndas db pncebmtbs pubdbm sbr eiprbsas nk iesia tebipa.

Cunmda sb sbkbcceamnm, kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns sb emdecnm cam um ‛*’. Znrn dbsbkbcceamnr bk rbsuktnda, aprein bm atra kuhnr y kubha aprein bk rbsuktnda db mubva. Bk nstbresca ‛*’ dbsnpnrbcbrî. Sbkbcceamb vnreas rbsuktndas db prub`ns y aprein Zremt . Tadas kas rbsuktndas inrcndas cam‛*’ sbrîm eiprbsas. 4-36 @atóm Dntb

Pbturm

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm Aprein åstn `atóm pnrn vbr kas rbsuktndas festórecas db prub`ns db umn gbcfn bspbcégecn. Aprein åstb `atóm pnrn rbtarmnr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

4.4.> Emhrbsa db Emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs Sbkbcceamb Ndd bm kn pnmtnkkn db Pbpartbs. Sb n`rb kn vbmtnmn db bdeceóm db kn emgarinceóm dbk pncebmtb. Gehurn 4-02 Wbmtnmn db bdeceóm db Emgarinceóm dbk pncebmtb

 

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn bxpkecn kas cnipas bm kn pnmtnkkn. Cnipa Mnib Snipkb ED Nhb Hbmdbr

Dbpn Db pnrt rti ibm bmtt  Tbstbr Sbmdbr

@bd Ma

Dbscrepceóm Emhrbsb bk mai`rb dbk pncebmtb. Bstb cnipa ma bs rbqubreda. Emhrbsb bk ED dbk pncebmtb. Bstb cnipa bs rbqubreda. Emhrbsb kn bdnd dbk pncebmtb. Bstb cnipa ma bs rbqubreda. Sbkbcceamb bk håmbra dbk pncebmtb db umn kestn dbspkbhn`kb. Kns apceambs emckuybm Inek , Gbinkb y Rmlmawm. Bstb cnipa ma bs rbqubreda. Sbk bkbc bccceam eamb um dbpn dbpnrt rtni nibm bmta ta bm bk cundr undra a db ke kest stn n dbsp dbspkb kbhn hn` `kb kb.. Bm

preibr kuhnr, db`b camgehurnr kn emgarinceóm dbk dbpnrtnibmta bm kn pnmtnkkn dbk Decceamnrea. Bstb cnipa ma bs mbcbsnrea. Sbkbcceamb um `nctbreókaha dbk cundra db kestn dbspkbhn`kb. Bm preibr kuhnr, db`b camgehurnr kn emgarinceóm db `nctbreókaha bm kn pnmtnkkn dbk Decceamnrea. Bstb cnipa ma bs a`kehntarea. Sbkbcceamb um rbietbmtb db kn kestn dbspkbhn`kb. Bm preibr kuhnr, db`b camgehurnr kn emgarinceóm dbk rbietbmtb bm kn pnmtnkkn dbk Decceamnrea. Bstb cnipa ma bs a`kehntarea. Emtraduzcn bk Ma db cnin dbk pncebmtb. Bstb cnipa ma bs mbcbsnrea. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

Cnipa

Dbscrepceóm

Zntebmt ED

Emhrbsb bk ED dbk pncebmtb. Bstb cnipa ma bs mbcbsnrea.

4-35

4.4.0 Iadegecnceóm db emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs Sbkbcceamb Iadegy bm kn pnmtnkkn db rbpartbs. Sb pubdb bdetnr kn emgarinceóm db pncebmtbs sbhÿm sb mbcbsetb. Pbgeårnsb nk 4.3.>Emhrbsa db Emgarinceóm db Zncebmtbs pnrn dbtnkkbs.

4.4.3 @ÿsqubdn db rbsuktndas db prub`ns Sbkbcceamb um pncebmtb bm kn pnmtnkkn db rbpartbs y aprein Pbsukt . Tadas kas rbsuktndas db prub`ns dbk pncebmtb sb iastrnrîm. Gehurn 4-07 Znmtnkkn db @ÿsqubdn db Pbsuktndas db prub`ns

 

Kn sehuebmtb tn`kn emtraducb kas `atambs bm kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm

Gumceóm

Iadegy

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn iadegecnr um rbsuktnda db prub`n. Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n y fnhn ckec bm Iadegy . Rm cundra db bdeceóm npnrbcb. Emtraduzcn bk mubva rbsuktnda bm bk cundra db bdeceóm y fnhn ckec bm AL .

4-4: @atóm

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm

MATN  Tadas kas rbsuktndas db prub`n sóka pubdbm sbr iadegecndas bm kn pnmtnkkn db `ÿsqubdn db rbsuktndas db prub`ns. Kas usunreas sóka

 

Zremt

pubdbm cni`enr bk vnkar vnkar S / Ca y kn camcbmtrnceóm bm bk cîkcuka cunmtetnteva iîs qub bk vnkar db n`sar`nmcen. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn eipreier tadas kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns qub sb iubstrnm nctunkibmtb.

Dbkbtb

Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n bm kn pnmtnkkn db camsuktn db rbsuktndas db prub`n y fnhn ckec bm Dbkbtb. Bk cundra db deîkaha db camgerinceóm npnrbcb. Sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn `arrnr kas dntas a sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn cnmcbknr kn bkeiemnceóm.

Ckasb

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-4>

4.2 Camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin Sbkbcceamb Camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin bm kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin sb iubstrn. Rstbd pubdb camgehurnr kn emgarinceóm dbk faspetnk, gbcfn y farn, decceamnrea, noustnr kn pnmtnkkn vesunkeznr y `arrnr dntas db kn festaren, btc. Gehurn 4.08 Znmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin

 

Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb bxpkecnm kas cnipas db kn pnmtnkkn. Cnipa

Dbscrepceóm

Faspetnk Dntb gbcfn, n

Emtraduzcn bk mai`rb dbk faspetnk bm kn cnon db bdeceóm. Fnhn ckec bm kn gbcfn y bm kas das kndas dbk ibs y nþa pnrn noustnr kn camtemunceóm, sbkbcceamb um dén bm kn kestn nctunkezndn.

 Teib (ibs) y

Emtraducer kn farn bm kas cundras db bdeceóm oumta n FF (farn), II SS (sbhumda). Rsb "-" y "+" pnrn noustnr bk camtrnstb db kn pnmtnkkn. Rsb "-" y "+" pnrn noustnr bk `rekka db kn pnmtnkkn.

Camtrnst @rehftmbss

4-40 Cnipa

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm

Zremtbr Sbkbcceamb kn eiprbsarn emtbrmn a bxtbrmn db kn kestn dbspkbhn`kb. Zubdb eipreier rbsuktndas db prub`ns utekeznmda kn eiprbsarn emtbrmn a bm umn eiprbsarn bxtbrmn. Wbr >.7 Despaseteva db eiprbseóm pnrn a`tbmbr iîs dbtnkkbs.

Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb prbsbmtnm kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm

Gumceóm

Ndoust Scrbbm Cunmda sb npnrtn kn vesunkeznceóm db kn pnmtnkkn, bs dbcer, kn paseceóm fncebmda ckec ma caemcedb cam bk pumtbra, kn bmtrndn pubdb sbr dbhrndndn  Ndoust Scrbbm pnrn carrbher kn y pubdb fncbr ckec bm bk `atóm vesunkeznceóm bm pnmtnkkn. Decteamnry Ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn bstn`kbcbr kas rbietbmtbs, kas dbpnrtnibmtas, db ibdeceóm y umedndbs db camcbmtrnceóm. Dbkbtb Festary bspbcegecndas db AL

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr kas rbsuktndas festórecas prub`ns. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn hunrdnr kn camgehurnceóm.

 

Pbturm

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

Sehn bstb pracbdeiebmta pnrn noustnr kn vesunkeznceóm bm pnmtnkkn. Sbkbcceamb Ndoust Scrbbm bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. Npnrbcbrî kn sehuebmtb pnmtnkkn. Fnhn ckec bm bk pumta raoa bm kn pnmtnkkn utekeznmda bk kîpez tîctek. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

Gehurn 4-06 Noustb db pnmtnkkn >

Gehurn 4-05 Noustb db pnmtnkkn 0

4-43

 

4-44 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gehurn 4-3: Noustb db pnmtnkkn 3

Cunmda bk noustb sb fn gemnkeznda carrbctnibmtb, bk ibmsnob "Cnke`rnceóm bxetasn" npnrbcb. Db ka camtrnrea, bk sestbin kb nvesn cam "Brrar db cnke`rnceóm", y ustbd db`b noustnr db mubva. Gehurn 4.3> Noustb db pnmtnkkn 4

 

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-42 

Sbkbcceamb Decteamnry  bm  bm kn pnmtnkkn db camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb prbsbmtnm kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm

Ndd pra`ndar a kn sehuebmtb

Gumceóm

Dbspuås db sbkbcceamnr um hrupa db dntas (rbietbmtb, dbpnrtnibmta, umednd), fnhn ckec bm Ndd pnrn nhrbhnr um mubva bkbibmta db inmbrn?

 

MATN Das étbis edåmtecas ma bstîm pbrietedas pnrn kas iesias dntas db hrupa. Dbkbtb Pbturm

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr bk bkbibmta sbkbcceamnda. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn db

camgehurnceóm dbk sestbin. 4-47 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Sbkbcceamb Dbkbtb Festary   bm kn pnm pnmtnkkn tnkkn db camgehurnc camgehurnceóm eóm dbk sestbin. Kn sehuebmtb pnmtnkkn bs ka qub npnrbcb.

Gehurn 4-30 Znmtnkkn db bkeiemnr bk festarenk

@atóm

Gumceóm

 

AL nmtbs db

Cnmcbk

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn `arrnr tadas kas rbsuktndas db kns prub`ns kn gbcfn sbkbcceamndn (Emckuybmda bk dén).

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn nmtbrear. Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-48 

4.7 Camtrak db Cnkednd (^C) Nmtbs db prahrninr kas camtrakbs db cnkednd, db`b camgehurnr bk camtrak db cnkednd db kns prub`ns. Sbkbcceamb bk camtrak db cnkednd bm kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk, kn sehuebmtb pnmtnkkn sb iubstrn. Gehurn 4-33 Znmtnkkn db camtrak db cnkednd

Bm kn tn`kn sehuebmtb sb bxpkecnm kas cnipas db kn pnmtnkkn. Cnipa

 Tbst

Dbscrepceóm

Sbkbcceamb umn prub`n pnrn kn qub dbsbn bobcutnr bk camtrak db cnkednd cnke dnd

 

4-46 Cnipa Cretbreas db Sbmtbmcen mbcbsnrea. Se bk kb nvesnrî db kn

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Dbscrepceóm Fny cun unttra cretbreas bstn`kbcedas pnr nrn n oou uzhnr kas rbsuktnd nda as dbk camtrak db cnkednd. Rstbd pubdb sbkbcceamnr uma a tadas bkkns, sbhÿm sbn rbsuktnda dbk camtrak db cnkednd bstî gubrn db rnmha, bk sestbin sehuebmtb inmbrn.

MATN Se memhumn db kns cuntra camdeceambs sb sbkbcceamn, bk sestbin ma ouzhnrî se bk rbsuktnda dbk camtrak db cnkednd bstî gubrn db camtrak a ma. M ¿ db katb

Emtraduzcn bk mÿibra db kn sakuceóm db camtrak. Se bk mÿibra db katb ma sb emtraducb, bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob npnrbcbrî.

 

  Ibden

Emtraduzcn kn camcbmtrnceóm ibden db kn sakuceóm db camtrak sbkbcceamndn. Se kn camcbmtrnceóm ibden ma sb fn emtraduceda, bk ibmsnob sehuebmtb npnrbcbrî .

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Cnipa

SD sbkbcceamnda. Se kn

Ibs

4-45

Dbscrepceóm

Emtraduzcn kn dbsvenceóm bstîmdnr db kn sakuceóm db camtrak dbsvenceóm bstîmdnr ma bs emtraducedn, bk ibmsnob sehuebmtb npnrbcbrî.

Sbkbcceamb um ibs bm bk qub dbsbn rbvesnr kas rbsuktndas dbk camtrak db cnkednd. MATN

Bmtrb kas iÿktepkbs rbsuktndas db camtrak db cnkednd db umn prub`n durnmtb um dén, sóka bk ÿkteia sb hunrdn. Kn tn`kn sehuebmtb prbsbmtn kas `atambs db kn pnmtnkkn. @atóm

Gumceóm

@arrnr dntas db Camtrak db cnkednd dbk Ibs nctunk Fnhn ckec bm bs bsttb `atóm pnrn `arrnr tadas ka kass dntas db camtrak db cnkednd dbk ibs bm cursa. Bk cundra db deîkaha db camgerinceóm npnrbcb. Sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn `arrnr kas dntas a sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn cnmcbknr kn bkeiemnceóm.

 

4-2: @atóm @uscnr n Ibs y fnhn

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Gumceóm Sbkbcceamb um ibs n pnrter dbk cundra db kestn dbspkbhn`kb oumta ckec bm Sbnrcf. Npnrbcbrî bk hrîgeca db camtrak db

cnkednd pnrn kn prub`n bm bk

AL Wakvbr

ibs nctunk.

Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn hunrdnr kn camgehurnceóm. Fnhn ckec bm bstb `atóm pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

4.8 Pbhestras

 

Gehurn 4-34 Znmtnkkn db Pbhestras

Bm kn pnmtnkkn db Pbhestras pubdb rbvesnr kas rbhestras db sucbsas db kn IP-57N . Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-2>

Cndn rbhestra  Gbcfn / Farndb`b emckuer kn sehuebmtb emgarinceóm?  Bvbmta  Tepa Bk tepa db rbhestra emckuyb marink y db brrar.  Marink? pnrndn, emecea, btc.  brrar? Brrar db emecea, gnktn db cebrrb, btc. Kas rbhestras sb hbmbrnm par bk sestbin y sb arhnmeznm par tebipa. Cunmda kn `nsb db dntas bstå caipkbtn, kas rbhestras iîs nmtehuas sb bkeiemnrîm. Sbkbcceamb Dbkbtb. Bk cundra db deîkaha db camgerinceóm npnrbcb nrre`n. Sbkbcceamb Ubs pnrn bkeiemnr tadas kas rbhestras qub sb iubstrnm nctunkibmtb. A sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn cnmcbknr kn suprbseóm. Gehurn 4-32 Cundra db deîkaha Camgerinr-Bkeiemnr rbhestras

 

4.6 Npnhnda Sbkbcceamb Sfutdawm bm kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk. Npnrbcb bk sehuebmtb ibmsnob

4-20 Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns Sbkbcceamb Ubs. Bk pracbdeiebmta db npnhnda sb fn emecenda y sb prakamhnrî durnmtb umas >2 sbhumdas. Sbkbcceamb Ma pnrn vakvbr n kn pnmtnkkn premcepnk.

ZPBCNRCEÓM Nsbhÿrbsb db qub bk emstruibmta bstî sebiprb cambctnda n kn nkeibmtnceóm durnmtb bk pracbsa db npnhnda. Se kn bmbrhén sb emtbrruipb a sb npnhub durnmtb bk pracbsa db cebrrb, kas dntas sb pubdbm pbrdbr. Cunmda sb hunrdnm kas dntas, bk sestbin kb rbcardnrî npnhnr bk bquepa.

 

ZPBCNRCEÓM Ma bmcebmdn kn nkeibmtnceóm emibdentnibmtb dbspuås db npnhnrkn. Zar gnvar, bspbrnr par ka ibmas 3: sbhumdas nmtbs db kn próxein pubstn bm inrcfn .

Apbrnceambs Nvnmzndns

4-23

 

2

Inmtbmeiebmta y 

Sakuceóm db pra`kbins 2.> Keipebzn................................................................................................................ 2-3 2.>.> Keipebzn db pnmbkbs dbk bquepa......................................................... 2-3 2.>.0 Keipebzn db kn eiprbsarn.................................................................... 2-3 2.0 Pbbipknza db kn Kîipnrn.................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Sakuceóm db pra`kbins.......................................................................................... 2-2

Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins

2->

 

2-0

Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins

2 Inmtbmeiebmta y

 

Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins 2.> Keipebzn 2.>.> Keipebzn db pnmbkbs dbk bquepa Bk kbctar db iecrapkncns IP-57N bs um emstruibmta db ibdeceóm prbcesn y db`b sbr inmtbmeda ndbcundnibmtb pnrn hnrnmteznr bk iboar rbmdeiebmta. Pbnkeznr kas sehuebmtbs pnsas pnrn inmtbmbr bk npnrnta?  Inmtbmbr bk sestbin apbrnteva keipea y sbca. Cu`rn kn umednd db ibdeceóm dbspuås db usnr bk emstruibmta db tadas kas déns pnrn bvetnr kn bmtrndn db pakva.  Npnhub kn gubmtb db nkeibmtnceóm. Rsb um pnþa sunvb y keipea fuibdbceda cam nhun dbstekndn pnrn keipenr kas pnmbkbs dbk emstruibmta y kn pnmtnkkn.

PEBSHA @EAKAHECA Rsbsbr hunmtbs durnmtb kn keipebzn pnmbkbs dbk emstruibmtadb`b y kn pnmtnkkn. Nmtbs db rbpnrnda a bi`nknda pnrndb bk kas trnmspartb, bk emstruibmta sbr dbsemgbctnda pnrn bvetnr kbseambs pbrsamnkbs.

2.>.0 Keipebzn db kn eiprbsarn Intbrenkbs db dbsbcfa db pnpbk y atras pubdbm ncuiuknrsb bm kn cn`bzn db eiprbseóm qub sb fn utekeznda durnmtb um knrha pbreada, y ngbctnrî kn cnkednd db eiprbseóm y kn vedn ÿtek dbk cn`bznk db eiprbseóm y bk bob dbk radekka. Sehn bstb pracbdeiebmta pnrn keipenr kn eiprbsarn? > Nmtbs db keipenr, tainr kns ibdedns mbcbsnrens pnrn bvetnr dnþas n kn eiprbsarn par kn cnrhn bstîtecn, tnkbs caia kas nmekkas db dbshnstb dbsbcfn`kbs bstîtecn, btc. 0 N`rn kn pubrtn db kn eiprbsarn y rbterb bk pnpbk db eiprbseóm. 3 `akns db nkhadóm bipnpnda bm btnmakbstå pnrnsbca keipenr bk cn`bznk db eiprbseóm. 4 Rsb Bspbrb fnstn qub bk cn`bznk db eiprbseóm y dbspuås emstnkb bk pnpbk db rb cadegecnceóm y cebrrb kn pubrtn db kn eiprbsarn. Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins

2-3

2.0 Pbbipknza db kn kîipnrn NDWBPTBMCEN Nmtbs db cni`enr, dbscambctnr bk npnrnta db kn rbd bkåctrecn. Sehn kas pracbdeiebmtas dbscretas bm kn Gehurn 2-> pnrn rbbipknznr kn kîipnrn. Gehurn 2-> Sustetuceóm db kn kîipnrn

 

NDWBPTBMCEN

 Tbmhn cuednda nk rbbipknznr kn kîipnrn. Db ka camtrnrea sb padrén qubinr. Dbspuås db dbscambctnr kn nkeibmtnceóm, par gnvar, bspbrb nk ibmas >2 iemutas pnrn qub kn kîipnrn sb bmgréb nmtbs db rbbipknznr kn kîipnrn. Ma taqub bk camvbrtedar, iebmtrns qub rbbipknzn kn kîipnrn.

MATN  Rtekecb kn kîipnrn (ASPNI74022 6W 0:X) bspbcegecndn par Iemdrny. Atrns kîipnrns pubdbm dbhrndnr bk rbmdeiebmta dbk sestbin. 2-4

Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins

2.3 Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins Gnkkn

Cnusns pra`n`kbs Ncceambs carrbctevns

Bk emstruibmta ma pubdb sbr bmcbmdeda Bk cn`kb db padbr Wubkvn n cambctnr bk ma bstî cambctnda cn`kb db nkeibmtnceóm. carrbctnibmtb. Sameda nmarink sb praducb durnmtb Iecrapkncn sb `kaqubn< Pb u`ecnceóm db kn iecrapkncn. apbrnceóm bxestbm intbrenk bxtrnþa Pbterb bk intbrenk bxtrnþa. Iaveiebmta ibcîmeca Zómhnsb bm camtncta cam bk brrómba<

dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Iemdrny a su destre`uedar kacnk.

 

Kn kuz kuz bs db dbin insen senda da gubrt gubrtb b rubdns dbk emstnknda carrbctnibmtb Kn kuz bs dbinsenda då`ek

Gek Gektr tra a ma bst bstî î emst emstnk nknd nda a Ca Caip ipru rub`b b`b se bk gektr gektra a y kns carrbctnibmtb gektra sb fnm

N`sa sar` r`nm nmce cen nd db bu um ma d db b kkas as 6

Ga Gata taccåk åkuk ukn nd dbk bk cnm cnmnk Zóm ómh hns nsb bb bm m cam amttncta ncta cam bk

cnmnkbs bs emcarrbctn

bstî dndb þndn. Kn ge`rn ckebmtb dbk cn cnmnk bs bstî d dn nþndn. kacnk Bk cercueta dbk cnmnk bstî dnþnda

Kîipnrn bstî dnþndn

Pbbipkncb kn kîipnrn

dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk Iemdrny a ssu ud des esttre`ued eda ar

Pubdn dbk gekt Pubdn gektra ra inm inmteb tebmb mb bm rat ratnce nceóm óm y Sbm Sbmsar sar db pas paseceó eceóm m Zóm Zómhns hnsb b bm cam camtnc tncta ta cam bk ma pubdb dbtbmbrsb bm umn paseceóm inka a bk cn`kb dbk dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db bspbcegecndn sbmsar bstî dnþnda Iemdrny a su destre`uedar kacnk Iecrapkncn ma pubdb bstn`kbcbrsb Sbmsar db paseceóm db Zómhnsb bm camtncta cam bk marinkibmtb iecrapkncn inka dbpnrtnibmta db sbrvecea nk ckebmtb db Durnmtb kn eiprbseóm, sb praducb Ntnsca db pnpbk sameda nmarink a pnpbk db eiprbseóm eiprbsarn y ma snkb carrbctnibmtb

Iemdrny su destre`uedar kacnk >. N`rn kna pubrtn db kn eiprbsarn 0. Pbterb bk pnpbk db kn cartb bk pnpbk nrruhnda. 3. Wubkvn n emstnknr bk pnpbk y cebrrb kn pubrtn.

Inmtbmeiebmta y Sakuceóm db Zra`kbins

2-2 

 

7

 Npåmdecbs

Npåmdecb@NEiprbsarn Bspbcegecnceambs...................................................................................... 7-3 Npåmdecb bxtbrmn.................................................................................... 7-4 Npåmdecb C Gubmtbs.................................................................................................... 7-2 Npåmdecb D Émdecb........................................................................................................7-7

 Npåmdecbs

7->

 

7-0

Npåmdecbs

Npåmdecb N Bspbcegecnceambs

 

Ibdea ni`ebmtb Nkeibmtnceóm Zatbmcen db camsuia Guse`kb Deibmseambs Zbsa Despaseteva db bmtrndn

Znrn usa bm emtbrearbs NC >::-04:W ~, 2:/7:Fz >0:WN 02:WNC T3.>2N 438ii Ø 330ii Ø >84 ii (K x X x F) 6.2lh Znmtnkkn tîctek y kîpez tîctek

KCD  Tbipbrnturn db gumceamniebmta  Tbipbrnturn db nkincbmniebmta Fuibdnd rbkntevn Nktetud 7, 2:: pebs) Zrbseóm ntiasgårecn Pueda Caiumecnceóm emtbrgnz emtbrgnz db kn eiprbsarn BIC

8.6 (rbsakuceóm? cakar db 74: Ø 46:, 6) 2 ℃"KCD -32 ℃ : ℃ -4: ℃ dbk >2% -62%, sem camdbmsnceóm 4:: ibtras db nkturn--3, ::: ibtras (->.3:: pebs-

7>307

db 8: lZn->:7lZn ma inyar qub 82 d@ PS-030 Zubrta RS@, qub cuipkb cam bk pratacaka RS@ 0.:. Bstb emstruibmta cuipkb cam kn bieseóm y kn emiumednd rbqueseta db dbscrepceóm bm bstn pnrtb db kn marin BM >?0::7 y BM 7>307-0-7? 0::7.

 Npåmdecbs

7-3

Npåmdecb @ Eiprbsarn Bxtbrmn Bk IP-57N bs caipnte`kb cam (ma keietnda n) kns sehuebmtbs eiprbsarns?  FZ  FZ  FZ  FZ  FZ  FZ  FZ

DbslObt 2720 DbslObt 360: DbslObt 2436 DbslObt 3776 DbslObt D0376 Zfatasinrt D2>76 @usembss EmlObt >:::

 

7-4

Npåmdecbs

Npåmdecb C Gubmtbs Znrn hnrnmteznr kn sbhurednd pbrsamnk y bk rbmdeiebmta dbk sestbin, utekecb ÿmecnibmtb kas suiemestras gn`recndas a rbcaibmdndas par Iemdrny. Caiuméqubsb cam bk Dbpnrtnibmta db Sbrvecea nk Ckebmtb Iemdrny a cam su destre`uedar kacnk pnrn iîs dbtnkkbs.

 

 Npåmdecbs

7-2 

Npåmdecb D Emdecb @ @knmca........ 4-7, 4-5, 4-0:, 4-06, 4-05 @knmca...... C Curvn db Cnk................................... 4-4 Iada db cîkcuka db...... 4-3, 4-6, 4->0, >2.:4, >5.:4 Curvn db cnke`rnceóm.... 4-5, 4->:, 4->>, 4->0, 4->7, 4->8, 4-3: Db cartb .... 4-6, 4-5, 4->3, 4->4, 4-0: D Cn`kb db dntas........ dntas................. .................... .................. ....... >-6 > -6 Iubstrns db da`kb ........... ................... ........ 4-8, 4-03 Cnk da`kb ......................... 4->2 B BKESN ........................................... 7 bmzein ....................................... >.3 Bxpambmcenk ............... ............... >-2, 4-6, 4->> G Gnctar ............... ............... >-2, 4-6, 4->0, 4 ->0, 4->2 H zamn hres .................... ........................... ....... 4-5, 4->4 4 ->4 E emecenkeznceóm ................ ................ >-7, 0-4, 4-3 K Kembnk ................ ........................ ........ Kahnretia ............ .................. ...... >-2, >-2, 4-6, 4-6, 4->> 4->>

 

Katb M ¿ .................................... 4-45 I sehmegecn ...................... ...................... 4-0:, 4-0>, 4-45 iecrapkncn rbndbr>, 4, 2, 7, >-3, 3-3, 2-3 iavbr bk iada .................. ............................ ............ .. 4->5 Iÿktepkbs pumtas db N@S% ..... >-2, 4-6, 4:->: M Camtrak Mbhnteva........ Mbhnteva........ 4-5, 4->3, 4->4, 4-0:, 4-06 MC rnmha................................. 4->3 camtrak mbhnteva................. mbhnteva......................... ........ 4-5 A iada nmvbrsa.................. nmvbrsa........................... ......... 4->4 Rm pumta db.................... db.................... >-2, 4-6, 4-5 vbkacednd db apbrnceóm.................. apbrnceóm.......................... ........ >-2 Ardbm................................ 4-4, 4->8

7-7

Npåmdecbs

Z ZC...... 3, >-4, 4-5, 4->3, 4->4, 4-0:, 4-06 ZC db hnin.................................. 4->3 kuhnr db iada db........................... db.............................. ... 4->5 pkncn db sapartb...... sapartb................ .................... ............ .. 4, >-7 Zumta n pumta................. pumta................... .. 4-6, 4:->: camtrak paseteva................ paseteva.......................... .......... 4-5 4 -5 Gubmtb..... 0, 3, 4, >-2, 0-3, 4-6, 4->0, 2-2, 7-3

cn`kb db nkeibmtnceóm....... 4, >-6, 0-3, 0-4, 2-2 prbceseóm........................... >-2, 4->5 kamhetud db amdn preinren............ 4-3, 4-7 ^ Camtrak db cnkednd..... 4-0>, 4-3:, 4-3>, 4-46, 4-45, 4-2:, 4-2> qunketntevb7, >-3, 4-4, 4-6, 4-5, 4->0, 4->3, 4-0:, 4-08, 4-06, 4-05, 4-3: cunmtetntevas ... 7, >-3, 4-4, 4-6, 4->4, 4->2, 4->7, 4-0>, 4-08, 4-05, 4:-3:, 4-4> P iada emvbrsa........................... 4->4 S SD............................................ 4-2: kamhetud db amdn sbcumdnren........ 4-3, 4-8 nutabvnkunceóm................................... >-7

 

rnmha bspbctrnk............................. >.2 marins..... 4->:, 4->>, 4->0, 4->4, >2.:4, 0>.:4 BTS.......................................... 4-0> sustrnta..................................... >-3 T Eiprbsarn tåriecn......................... 8.> kîpez tîctek.................. tîctek.............................. ................... ....... >-2 pnmtnkkn tîctek................. >-2, >-7, 3-3 X rbseduas............................................. 0

 Npåmdecbs

7-8 

 

Z/M? :>:4-0:-70240 (>.:)