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Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm

Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs ;ª Mhnàëa

Nbhôstrnc Nlafnenãrnc Nlafnenãrnc  

 

Lcbucns hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr

Zctrakìbna  Zctrakìbna 

 

 

 

 

Lcbuce hm mskapa hm pradmtas m smrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

;ª mhnàëa

[ëa Zcuea Dcbmnra hm 6:3>

VM[MVWCHA[  HNVMNXA[ C]XAVCN[ VM[MVWCHA[  rmsmrvchas.   Xahas as hnrmntas hmstc mhnàëa, rmprahuàëa au trchuàëa sëa rmsmrvchas. A ckmssa c mstm lcbuce hmvmrã smr gmnta par lmna ha sntm www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr , cpûs kchcstra nbhnvnhuce m pmssace.   pmssace. Bmboulc pcrtm au taha hmstc pufenkcàëa pahm smr rmprahuznhc, cetmrchc au trcbslntnhc hm autrc garlc au lmna, sml cutarnzcàëa mxprmssc m par mskrnta hc Kalnssëa @mstarc has Lcbucns. Kabtcta4  Kabtcta4 lcbucnshmskapaJsmkavn.kal.fr , tmemgabm4 (33) ==>3-3660.  ==>3-3660. 

 

Lcbucns hm Mskapa  Mskapa  ]l fal pradmta kalmàc c pcrtnr hm ulc fac prapastc tîkbnkc  tîkbnkc 

Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

Crquntmturc m

Ckôstnkc  Ckôstnkc 

]rfcbnsla   ]rfcbnsla

Cr Kabhnknabcha m

Mstruturc 

Kaarhmbcàëa hm Zradmtas   Zradmtas

Wmbtnecàëa   Wmbtnecàëa

Cutalcàëa m [m`urcbàc   [m`urcbàc

Nbstcecàýms

Wmhcàýms Wmhcàýms  

Eulnbatîkbnkc   Eulnbatîkbnkc

Onhrcuenkcs   Onhrcuenkcs

Nlpmrlmcfnenzcàëa Nlpmrlmcfnenzcàëa   Vmvmstnlmbtas   Vmvmstnlmbtas 

Zcnsc`nsla  Zcnsc`nsla  

Nbgrc Mstruturc Mspartnvc   Mspartnvc

 

www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr   www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr

 

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs []LÃVNA

CZVM[MBXCÀËA @MVCE ................................................................................................................................. ............................................................... ................................................................................ ..............;

CZVM[MBXCÀËA HC ;ª MHNÀËA ................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................... .......................................................... ; NBXVAH]ÀËA................................................................................................................................ .......................................................... ........................................................................................................ .................................. 8 Kabkmntas has Lcbucns............................................................................... Lcbucns......... ............................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................... 8 Mstruturcàëa has Lcbucns ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................ 8 C quml sm hmstnbcl as Lcbucns ................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................=

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................ .......................................................... 7 MEM- C ::3 - Cbãensm has Kabhnknabcbtms Eakcns ............................................................... ............................................................................................................. .............................................. 0 MEM-C ::6 - Kabsuetc c kabkmssnabãrnc hm smrvnàa pôfenka .............................................................................................. ...................................................................... ........................ ?

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................ .......................................................... > MEM-F ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm Clfnmbtms m Mspcàas Xîkbnkas.............................................................................................3: Xîkbnkas............................................................................................. 3: MEM-F ::6 - Kabsuetc cs Kabkmssnabãrncs hm [mrvnàas Zôfenkas ............................................................. ................................................................................... ......................33 33 MEM-F 6:3 - Cssmssarnc pcrc chaàëa hm bavcs tmkbaea`ncs .......................................................................................... ..........................................................................................36 36

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................ 3; MEM-K ::3 - Zasnknabclmbta has pabtas meîtrnkas .........................................................................................................38 .........................................................................................................38 MEM-K ::6 - Hmgnbnàëa m ecyaut hm scecs tîkbnkcs .......................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................3= 3= MEM-K ::; - Xrcàcha hm enbocs meîtrnkcs prnbknpcns ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................37 37 MEM-K ::8 - Kabsuetc cs kabkmssnabãrncs hm smrvnàas pôfenkas ....................................................................................30 ....................................................................................30

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................ 3? MEM-H ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm knrkuntas, kn rkuntas, hnlmbsnabclmbtas meîtrnkas `mrcns m pradmta hm qquchras uchras m pcnbîns meîtrnkas ......... .........3> 3> MEM-H ::6 - Zecbtcs hm hnstrnfunàëa meîtrnkc. .................................................................... .................................................................................................................. ..............................................6: 6: MEM-H ::; - Zrmpcrcàëa hm msqumlcs vmrtnkcns hc nbstcecàëa. .....................................................................................66 .....................................................................................66 MEM-H ::8 - Hmtceoclmbta hm clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs ........................................................................................6; ........................................................................................6; MEM-H ::= - Mecfarcàëa hm lmlarncns m mspmkngnkcàýms ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................68 68 MEM-H 3:3 - Kalpctnfnenzcàëa m kaarhmbcàëa kal pradmtas hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms ............................6= ............................6= MEM-H 3:6 - Zradmta hm snstmlc hm mbmr`nc ml cetc tmbsëa. ..........................................................................................67 .......................................................................................... 67 MEM-H 3:; - Zradmta hm snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc kabgncfnenzchc. ..........................................................................................60 .......................................................................................... 60 MEM-H 6:3 - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbtcs hm lcrkcàëa hm ecdms ............................................................................................6? ............................................................................................ 6? MEM-H 6:6 - Wmrngnkcàëa hc chmqucàëa m kabgarlnhchm hm memlmbtas, snstmlcs m/au kalpabmbtms ...........................6> ........................... 6> MEM-H 6:; - Hmtceoclmbta Hmtc eoclmbta hm labtc`ml hm nbstcecàëa ml socgts................................................................................ .................................................................... ............;: ;: Zã`nbc 3 

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

MEM-H 6:8 - Lcrkcàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms ...................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................;3 ;3 MEM-H 6:= - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbneoc hm qucbtnhchms hm lctmrncns .................................................................................;6 .................................................................................;6 MEM-H 6:7 - Mecfarcàëa hm aràclmbta .......................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................;; ;; MEM -H 6:0- Zrmpcrcàëa hm lmlarnce hm pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsna hnlmbsnabclmbta. bclmbta. ................................................................. .................................................................;8 ;8

MEM-H 6:? - Mecfarcàëa hm lnbutcs kabtrctucns ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................;= ;=

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................ ;7 MEM-M ::3 - Cprmsmbtcàëa ha pradmta. ...........................................................................................................................;0 ........................................................................................................................... ;0 MEM-M ::6 - Zra`rclc fãsnka hm ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc.........................................................................................;? afrc......................................................................................... ;? MEM-M ::;- Mskecrmknlmbta hm hôvnhcs ......................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................;> ;> MEM-M 6:3 - Cbãensm tîkbnkc hm prapastc hm garbmkmharms ............................................................................................8: ............................................................................................ 8: MEM-M 6:6 - Cbãensm hm saeuàýms cetmrbctnvcs ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................83 83 MEM-M 6:; - Cetmrcàýms hm Zradmta. ............................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ....................................................................86 86 MEM-M 6:8 - Ckalpcboclmbta tîkbnka hc afrc ................................................................ ............................................................................................................. .............................................8; 8; MEM-M 6:= - Arnmbtcàëa safrm prakmhnlmbtas hm mxmkuàëa. .........................................................................................88 ......................................................................................... 88 MEM-M 6:7 - Vmkmfnlmbta m/au stcrt-up hm snstmlcs au ha mlprmmbhnlmbta. .............................................................. ..............................................................8= 8= MEM-M 6:0 - Hmsmboas hm ―Kala Kabstruìha“ (cs Funet)................................................................................................ ................................................................ ................................87 87 MEM-M 6:? - [ufsìhnas pcrc mecfarcàëa hm lcbuce hm utnenzcàëa m lcbutmbàëa hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs ................... ...................80 80

GC[M ...................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................ 8? MEM-G 6:3 - Ctnvnhchms hm Cvcencàëa m /au Cssmssarnc. ................................................................................................. .................................................................................................8> 8> MEM-G 6:6 - Zradmtas hm Cetmrcàýms................................................................................................................................ ............................................................ ....................................................................=: =:

M[KAZA[ ZCVC CXMBHNLMBXA Ê BAVLC HM HM[MLZMBOA.............................................................................. =3 3. NHMBXNGNKCÀËA HM VN[KA[ ZVMWN[ÌWMN[ BA MLZVMMBHNLMBXA ML VMECÀËA CA ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEÎXVNKC[ .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................... ....................................................................=6 =6 6. NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M VM@N[XVA BA[ HAK]LMBXA[ HM ZVADMXA HC[ BAVLC[ S]M CGMXCL A ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEMXVNKC[ ................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................=; =; ;.  VMS]N[NXA[ M KVNXÎVNA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[ ZCVC A ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEÎ MEÎXVNKC[ XVNKC[ ......................=8 =8 ;.3 Vmqunsntas hm [m`urcbàc Kabtrc Nbkäbhna .................................................................. ................................................................................................................ ..............................................=8 =8 ;.6 Vmqunsntas hm Hmsmlpmboa Eulìbnka.......................................................................................................................== Eulìbnka.......................................................................................................................== ;.;. Vmqunsntas hm Hurcfnenhchm ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................== == ;.8 Vmqunsntas hm Chmqucàëa Clfnmbtce ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................=7 =7 CBM_A N - ZVADMXA[ M [MVWNÀA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[ M AZKNABCN[ [AENKNXCHA[ ..................................................=0 ..................................................=0 BAVLC[ XÎKBNKC[ ..................................................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................=> => C@VCHMKNLMBXA[ ...................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................ ..........7: 7:

Zã`nbc 6 

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

CZVM[MBXCÀËA @MVCE  @MVCE  Bc mecfarcàëa hm ul mlprmmbhnlmbta, c hmgnbnàëa prîvnc, afdmtnvc m kunhchasc ha mskapa has pradmtas m smrvnàas mbvaevnhas î ulc bmkmssnhchm fãsnkc pcrc qum ulc nbkarparcàëa nlafnenãrnc smdc fml-sukmhnhc.

Zcrc c hmgnbnàëa chmquchc has mskapas hm kchc pradmta (`rcbhms au pmqumbas), bmkmssãrnas ca hmsmbvaevnlmbta ha mlprmmbhnlmbta nlafnenãrna, mbtnhchms rmprmsmbtctnvcs ha smtar hm pradmtas ha lmrkcha nlafnenãrna m hc kabstruàëa ubnrcl smus msgaràas pcrc mstcfmemkmr, par kabsmbsa, as Lcbucns hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas pcrc c Nbhôstrnc Nlafnenãrnc, as qucns, hm garlc hnhãtnkc, hmskrmvml pcrælmtras pcrc kabtrctcr m hmsmbvaevmr pradmtas kal mgnknäbknc m sm`urcbàc, kulprnbha kul prnbha tahcs cs mtcpcs bmkmssãrncs. C nhmnc hmssc nbnknctnvc î hnrmknabcr as prakmhnlmbtas hm kabtrctcàëa gcknentcbha a prakmssa. Cgnbce, c hmgnbnàëa kecrc ha mskapa has pradmtas î a prnlmnra pcssa hm ulc nlpartcbtìssnlc luhcbàc bcs rmecàýms mbtrm as hnvmrsas c`mbtms ha smtar hc kabstruàëa nlafnenãrnc, kal lmeoarnc bc hmgnbnàëa hm rmspabscfnenhchms mbvaevnhcs m mgmtnva ctmbhnlmbta ês Barlcs Xîkbnkcs m ca Kûhn`a Knvne.

MHNÀËA  CZVM[MBXCÀËA HC ;ª MHNÀËA  As Lcbucns hm Mskapa rmprmsmbtcl ulc nlpartcbtm fcsm hm nbgarlcàýms hnrn`nhc c kabtrctcbtms m pradmtnstcs qum fuskcl par qucenhchm ba hmsmbvaevnlmbta hm mlprmmbhnlmbtas nlafnenãrnas. A trcfceoa nbnkncha ml 3>>?, tmvm suc prnlmnrc mhnàëa ml 6::: m oã lcns hm = cbas, c pcrtnr ha labntarclmbta ha sntm  www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr, kabtcfnenzclas, mbtrm kabsuetcs m mlnssýms hm prapastc, lcns hm 86:.::: ckmssas, bôlmra qum rmgaràc smu vcear pcrc a smtar.  smtar.  Ml ul prakmssa hm lmeoarnc kabtìbuc, mstc bavc mhnàëa trcz a trcfceoa hmsmbvaevnha saf kaarhmbcàëa tîkbnkc hc kabsuetarc Lcrnc Cb`menkc Kavmea [nevc, mb`mbomnrc knvne m hautarc ml mb`mbocrnc m hnrmtarc hc B@N Kabsuetarnc m Hmsmbvaevnlmbta.. A kabtmôha mecfarcha ml kabdubta, par kabsmbsa, mbtrm rmprmsmbtcbtms ha [mkavn-[Z, Hmsmbvaevnlmbta [nbhusKab-[Z m rmspmktnvcs mbtnhchms hm pradmta, praparknabcl ul mbtmbhnlmbta chmqucha m cfrcb`mbtm safrm a mskapa has pradmtas hm kchc mspmkncenhchm msp mkncenhchm ba ctmbhnlmbta ê barlc hm hmsmlpmboa (CFBX BFV 3==0=46:3;).  3==0=46:3;).  A rmsuetcha gan a kabtmôha Mskapas pcrc Ctmbhnlmbta ê Barlc hm Hmsmlpmboa, nbsmrnha kala kcpìtuea bc ctucenzcàëa has Lcbucns hm Mskapa cpenkãvmns , m hnspabnfnenzcha kala hakulmbtas cvuesas pcrc cs hnsknpenbcs qum cnbhc bëa passuml Lcbuce hm Mskapa , ceîl ha @unc pcrc utnenzcàëa has Mskapas hm pradmta hm mhngnkcàýms m hngnkcàýms ocfntcknabcns pcrc ctmbhnlmbta ê CFBX BFV 3==0=4 6:3; m hm Lahmeas hm Lmlarncns Hmskrntnvas, as qucns nbhnkcl prmlnsscs m kabsnhmrcàýms ha pradmta hm ul mlprmmbhnlmbta, nbkeunbha nbgarlcàýms rmectnvcs ca ctmbhnlmbta has rmqunsntas prmvnstas bc rmgmrnhc barlc. barlc.  As lcbucns rmvnschas, qum nbkarparcl as kabtmôhas hmskrntas cknlc, sëa nhmbtngnkchas kal a smea BFV 3==0= ml suc kcpc.  kcpc.  emnturc!   Fac emnturc!

Mskapa  Kaarhmbcàëa @mrce has Lcbucns hm Mskapa 

Zã`nbc ; 

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

NBXVAH]ÀËA   NBXVAH]ÀËA Kabkmntas has Lcbucns Lcbucns  

mbvaev m, ceîl has pradmtas ml sn, hnvmrscs nbtmrgckms kal C mecfarcàëa hm ul pradmta î ul prakmssa kalpemxa qum mbvaevm, autrcs mspmkncenhchms tîkbnkcs. Zartcbta, c kabtrctcàëa m c kaarhmbcàëa rcknabce hm ul pradmta hmvml kabsnhmrcr c bmkmssnhchm hm nbtm`rcàëa hcs mqunpms, has kabomknlmbtas m hcs mxpmrnäbkncs. Ceîl hnssa, c hnbælnkc ctuce hc nbhôstrnc nlafnenãrnc tml mxn`nha atnlnzcàëa atn lnzcàëa kchc vmz lcnar has pradmtas pcrc `crcbtnr lmeoar pecbmdclmbta m kabtraem hcs afrcs.  afrcs.  Zcrc qum msscbc atnlnzcàëa a mstcfmemknlmbta ul mtcpcs geuxa hmrmcenzchcs trcfceoa mstãvme m pchrabnzcha mecfarcàëasmdchaspassìvme, pradmtasî bmkmssãrna hm ul mlprmmbhnlmbta, abhmhm cs ctmbhcl chmquchclmbtm ês bmkmssnhchms hm tahas as nbtmrvmbnmbtms m kabtrnfucl pcrc c nbtmrcàëa mgnknmbtm mbtrm cs hnvmrscs mqunpms. Mssc î c prmlnssc hm tahas as lcbucns mecfarchas.  mecfarchas.  A prnbknpce afdmtnva î cprmsmbtcr hnrmtrnzms pcrc qum cs rmspabscfnenhchms smdcl fml hmgnbnhcs, menlnbcbha, cssnl, cs koclchcs ―zabcs knbzmbtcs“ mbtrm kabtrctcbtms, pradmtnstcs, garbmkmharms m mxmkutarms hcs afrcs. As

hakulmbtas agmrmkml arnmbtcàýms prmknscs safrm kala nhmbtngnkcr as ntmbs mbvaevnhas m sucs saeuàýms, ctmbhmbha ês mxpmktctnvcs has mlprmmbhmharms.  mlprmmbhmharms. 

Mstruturcàëa has Lcbucns Lcbucns   As Lcbucns pcrtml hm ulc smquäbknc hm ctnvnhchms, ar`cbnzchc ml gcsms fml hmgnbnhcs, qum pmrlntml hmtmrlnbcr kal kecrmzc kraba`rclcs, lmhnàýms m autrcs mtcpcs batãvmns.  batãvmns.  As smrvnàas agmrmknhas hurcbtm c mecfarcàëa hm ul pradmta garcl kecssngnkchas kabgarlm suc bmkmssnhchm, ml4 ml4  

Mssmbkncns prmsmbtms ml qucequmr tnpa au partm hm mlprmmbhnlmbta9 Mspmkìgnkas vnbkuechas ês kcrcktmrìstnkcs hcqumem mlprmmbhnlmbta, kala par mxmlpea, bôlmra hm sufsaeas, krntîrnas hm sustmbtcfnenhchm, mtk.9 Apknabcns

cqumems qum a kabtrctcbtm mbtmbhm kala kabvmbnmbtm pcrc hmtmrlnbchc mspmkncenhchm, bc mtcpc ml qumstëa, m qum bëa mstmdcl mbquchrchas bas autras hans tnpas.

Bm kmssãrnas Zcrc kchc mtcpc hm pradmta, as Lcbucns cprmsmbtcl c Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm, rmecknabcbha as Hchas Bmkmssãrnas ê rmcenzcàëa hm kchc mtcpc (hakulmbtas au nbgarlcàýms c smrml garbmknhas) m hmskrmvmbha kal pragubhnhchm as Zrahutas @mrchas par mssms smrvnàas, nhmbtngnkcbha a lalmbta apartuba ml qum cs càýms hmvml akarrmr. Xclfîl mskecrmkml kal pmrgmnàëa cs Vmspabscfnenhchms Vmspabscfn enhchms par ctnvnhchm, hakulmbta m prahuta `mrcha.  `mrcha.  Hmsmboas, hmtceoms, lmlarncns hmskrntnvas, rmqunsnàýms, rmectûrnas, quchras mtk., `mrchas nbhnvnhucelmbtm pmeas smrvnàas hm pradmtas kabtrctchas, sëa nhmbtngnkchas, fml kala î mstcfmemknha qucbha sëa bmkmssãrnas.  bmkmssãrnas.   Kal as Lcbucns hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas, partcbta, tahas as mbvaevnhas pahml vnsucenzcr a bìvme hm hmtceoclmbta rmqumrnha m a lalmbta kmrta hm mxn`nr, garbmkmbha hchas m nbgarlcàýms pcrc qum as pradmtas rmspabhcl karrmtclmbtm cas afdmtnvas m hmsmdas has mlprmmbhmharms m guturas usuãrnas.  usuãrnas.  Î nlpartcbtm cnbhc rmsscetcr qum c cfarhc`ml has Lcbucns sm nbnknc bcs hmgnbnàýms kabkmntucns hm ul mlprmmbhnlmbta m vcn ctî c mtcpc hm ckalpcboclmbta tîkbnka hcs afrcs, suc mbtrm`c gnbce, nbkeunbha as hmsmboas ―cs funet “ m pcsscbha pmec lcns nlpartcbtm ctnvnhchm prmvnstc bmssms Lcbucns4 c kalpctnfnenzcàëa m c kabsaenhcàëa

hcs nbtmrgckms has vãrnas snstmlcs ml tahcs cs mtcpcs.  mtcpcs. 

Zã`nbc 8 

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

C quml sm hmstnbcl as Lcbucns  Lcbucns   As Lcbucns agmrmkml nbmstnlãvme rmgmräbknc c tah tahas as cqumems qum sm rmecknabcl kal a prakmssa hm hmsmbvaevnlmbta

hm mlprmmbhnlmbtas nlafnenãrnas, kabtrnfunbha hmknsnvclmbtm pcrc c cprmsmbtcàëa hm prapastcs hm smrvnàas m c ar`cbnzcàëa has trcfceoas.  trcfceoas. 

Zcrc as pradmtnstcs, sm kabstntuml ml mxkmembtm nbstrulmbta hm vcearnzcàëa ha pradmta m hm smu trcfceoa, passnfnentcbha c tahas mbvaevnhas ul kabomknlmbta pemba ha smu kabtmôha m nbtmr-rmecàýms.  nbtmr-rmecàýms.   as Lcbucns Mskapa hm Zradmtas [mrvnàas agmrmkml rmkalmbhcàýms nlpartcbtms c Zcrc mlprmmbhmharms smrmlassm`unhcs, hm ckarha, kal a qum smhmkabsnhmrc fac tîkbnkcmbc mxmkuàëa hm pradmtas.  pradmtas.  

Zcrc as kabtrctcbtms, passnfnentcl c mgmtnvc kalpcrcàëa hcs prapastcs tîkbnkcs m kalmrkncns qum vmbocl c smr cprmsmbtchcs pcrc mecfarcàëa hm pradmtas, rmsuetcbha ml nbvmstnlmbtas lcns mqucenzchas, gnbcbkmnrc m tmkbnkclmbtm chmquchas c clfcs cs pcrtms, m, partcbta, lcns mgnkczms.  mgnkczms.  A fal usa has Lcbucns pmrlntm qum hngmrmbtms mlprmscs au pragnssnabcns hm pradmta cprmsmbtml prapastcs kal fcsm ml nhäbtnka bìvme hm cfrcb`äbknc m rn`ar tîkbnka, hmshm c gcsm hm prapastc, ctî a ckalpcboclmbta pûsmbtrm`c hc afrc. Nssa rmsuetc ml lmbar nbknhäbknc hm hnskrmpæbkncs bas vcearms hm oabarãrnas prapastas, luntcs vmzms cprmsmbtcbha kustas nbkalpctìvmns kal a tmar m c qucenhchm hm pradmta hmsmdãvme.  hmsmdãvme.  Kala rmsuetcha, as pradmtas smrëa lcns fml hmsmbvaevnhas m kalpctnfnenzchas, praparknabcbha afrcs lcns mgnknmbtms m mkabølnkcs, kal lmeoar kabtraem ha smu hmsmbvaevnlmbta.  hmsmbvaevnlmbta. 

Zã`nbc = 

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs

GC[M 

ZVAH]XA  KABKMZÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  Afdmtnva4   Afdmtnva4 Emvcbtcr ul kabdubta hm nbgarlcàýms durìhnkcs, em`cns, pra`rclãtnkcs m tîkbnkcs9 m `rãgnkas, Barlcsm Xîkbnkcs cpenkãvmns, fml hchas kala cbceìtnkas c hmgnbnàëa has Zchrýms Krntîrnas hm Hmsmlpmboa (Lìbnla, Nbtmrlmhnãrna m [upmrnar) Bìvmns hm [ustmbtcfnenhchm ha Mlprmmbhnlmbta (hmgnbnbha nbkeusnvm sm smrã afdmta hm Kmrtngnkcàëa). Mstcs prmlnsscs täl kala afdmtnva hmtmrlnbcr cs rmstrnàýms m passnfnenhchms qum rm`ml m enlntcl a prahuta nlafnenãrna prmtmbhnha m pmrlntnrëa kcrcktmrnzcr a pcrtnha crquntmtøbnka m urfcbìstnka, m cs passìvmns saeuàýms hcs mhngnkcàýms m hm nlpecbtcàëa hmbtra hcs kabhnknabcbtms emvcbtchcs. Mstc gcsm mstã sufhnvnhnhc bcs sm`unbtms mtcpcs4

EW - Emvcbtclmbta hm Hchas ZB - Zra`rclc hm h m Bmkmssnhchms MW - Mstuha hm Wncfnenhchm  Wncfnenhchm  

Zã`nbc 7 

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M C

KABKMZÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA 

MEM- C ::3 - Cbãensm has Kabhnknabcbtms Eakcns  Eakcns 

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[  M[[MBKNCN[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm  Ctnvnhchm  Aftmr m cbcenscr cs nbgarlcàýms prmenlnbcrms safrm a mlprmmbhnlmbta, hm laha c arnmbtcr a mlprmmbhmhar qucbta cas kabhnknabcbtms eakcns qum passcl tmr nbgeuäbknc bc kabkmpàëa ha prahuta, nbkeunbha4  nbkeunbha4   meîtrnkc)   ∖  Kabhnàýms eakcns hm ctmbhnlmbta pmeas smrvnàas pôfenkas hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc)  ∖  Kabhnknabcbtms rmecknabchas ê tapa`rcgnc ha tmrrmba  tmrrmba   cspmktas  ∖  Autras cspmktas 

Bmkmssãrnas  Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Crquntmturc   Crquntmturc ∖  Hchas `mrcns ha mlprmmbhnlmbta (ãrmcs, bôlmra hm pcvnlmbtas, tnpa hm akupcàëa, mtk.)   bìvmns  ∖  Kraquns ha tmrrmba kal hchas prmenlnbcrms hm bìvmns  ∖  Zecbtc hm sntucàëa  sntucàëa   mhngìkna   ∖  Kãekuea ha trãgm`a hm memvcharms qum nbkeuc kcpcknhchm (pmssacs) m vmeaknhchm has memvcharms c smrml utnenzchas ba mhngìkna 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas 

Vmectûrna prmenlnbcr hm kabhnknabcbtms eakcns, kabtmbha cs sm`unbtms nbgarlcàýms4  nbgarlcàýms4   mlprmmbh nlmbta pmeas smrvnàas pôfenkas  pôfenkas  ∖  Nbgarlcàýms prmenlnbcrms safrm c hnspabnfnenhchm m kcrcktmrìstnkcs hm ctmbhnlmbta ha mlprmmbhnlmbta ∖  Kalmbtãrnas m rmkalmbhcàýms prmenlnbcrms safrm c en`càëa ha mhngìkna cas smrvnàas pôfenkas  pôfenkas   ∖  Vmkalmbhcàëa, kcsa smdc passìvme au afrn`ctûrna a usa hm saeuàýms hm cqumknlmbta saecr   mlprmmbhnlmbtas  ∖  Mstnlctnvc hc patäbknc meîtrnkc has memvcharms bas mlprmmbhnlmbtas 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc 0 

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M C

KABKMZÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA 

MEM-C ::6 - Kabsuetc c kabkmssnabãrnc hm smrvnàa pôfenka. pôfenka.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[  M[[MBKNCN[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm  Ctnvnhchm  ∖ 

Vmcenzcr kabsuetc prmenlnbcr garlce c kabkmssnabãrnc hm smrvnàas pôfenkas hm garbmknlmbta hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Crquntmturc   Crquntmturc ∖  Kûpncs ha pradmta pcrc cpravcàëa bc prmgmnturc, ml vmrsëa prmenlnbcr.   ∖  Kraba`rclc gìsnka hc kabstruàëa   ∖  Nbgarlcàëa sm ocvmrã Kmrtngnkcàýms hm [ustmbtcfnenhchm m autrcs m quce bìvme prmtmbhnha. (Bmstm kcsa hmgnbnr m kabtrctcr Kabsuetar (ms) mspmkncenzchas m as prakmhnlmbtas bmkmssãrnas hm kchc mspmkncenhchm)  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Hnrmtrnzms / rmspastcs ês kabsuetcs dubta ês kabkmssnabãrncs eakcns hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

6. 

As hakulmbtas bmkmssãrnas, prakmhnlmbtas m garlc hm rmspastc hc kabkmssnabãrnc pahml vcrncr ml kchc eakcenhchm.   Sucbha rmcenzchcs bmstc gcsm, cs kabsuetcs prmenlnbcrms pahmrëa pmrhmr c vcenhchm hmvnha ê nbtrahuàëa hm bavas kabhnknabcbtms bcs gcsms pastmrnarms hm pradmta.  pradmta. 

Zã`nbc ? 

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

GC[M   GC[M

HMGNBNÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA  Afdmtnva4  

Hmsmbvaevmr a pcrtnha crquntmtøbnka m hmlcns memlmbtas ha mlprmmbhnlmbta, hmgnbnbha m kabsaenhcbha tahcs cs nbgarlcàýms bmkmssãrncs c gnl hm vmrngnkcr suc vncfnenhchm gìsnkc, em`ce m mkabølnkc fml kala passnfnentcr c mecfarcàëa has Zradmtas Em`cns.   Em`cns. mtcpcs4   Mstc gcsm mstã sufhnvnhnhc bcs sm`unbtms mtcpcs4

MZ - Mstuha Zrmenlnbcr CZ - Cbtmpradmta  Cbtmpradmta  Em`ce   ZE - Zradmta Em`ce Afsmrvcàëa   Afsmrvcàëa Zcrc nbìkna hmstc gcsm î gubhclmbtce qum mstmdcl hmgnbnhas m kabtrctchas tahas pradmtnstcs m kabsuetarms hm kchc mspmkncenhchm as qucns smrëa hmlcbhchas ba pradmta. As lmslas hmvmrëa rmcenzcr cbãensm, cvcencàëa m mlntnr kalmbtãrnas prmenlnbcrms ha lctmrnce hmsmbvaevnha bc Gcsm cbtmrnar, as qucns smrvnrëa hm sufsìhna pcrc nbìkna hc Gcsm F.  F.  Xclfîl î nlpartcbtm hmgnbnr sm ocvmrã Kmrtngnkcàýms hm [ustmbtcfnenhchm au autrcs m a bìvme prmtmbhnha.  prmtmbhnha.   Hmgnbnr chaàëa ha prakmssa hm kecssngnkcàëa hc nbgarlcàëa hc kabstruàëa  ‛ FNL Mstc ctnvnhchm akarrm par lmna hm ul prakmssa hm cpraxnlcàýms sukmssnvcs m bml smlprm a prakmssa î enbmcr.  enbmcr.  

Zã`nbc > 

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M F

HMGNBNÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA 

MEM-F ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm Clfnmbtms m Mspcàas Xîkbnkas. Xîkbnkas.  

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm

∖  Kabkmpàëa fãsnkc hcs saeuàýms tîkbnkcs c smrml chatchcs   ∖  Zrî-hnlmbsnabclmbta has snstmlcs prnlãrnas, ml bìvme qum pmrlntc c hmgnbnàëa has clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs, has mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc nbstcecàëa, ceîl hc kabsuetc ês kabkmssnabãrncs hm smrvnàas pôfenkas.   ∖  Mstuha has clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs m has mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc as hnvmrsas snstmlcs tîkbnkas  

Mlprmmbhmhar    Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas   ∖  Kabkmntucàëa ha mlprmmbhnlmbta, has snstmlcs c smrml prmvnstas m autrcs nbgarlcàýms qum cgmtml c hmgnbnàëa hm scecs m has mspcàas tîkbnkas.   ∖  Nbgarlcàýms hm kcr`c meîtrnkc m autrcs bmkmssnhchms hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas pcrc mqunpclmbtas c smrml prmvnstas ba mlprmmbhnlmbta   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs ha pcvnlmbta tnpa   ∖  Kraquns has hmlcns pcvnlmbtas  ∖  Kraquns hc nlpecbtcàëa m pcvnlmbta tîrrma, kal bìvmns prmenlnbcrms.   ∖  Kartm msqumlãtnka  Kabstrutar   ∖  Xmkbaea`ncs hm kabstruàëa c smrml cpenkchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Kraquns has clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs (Afsmrvcàëa 3 m 6), kal hnlmbsýms, kabhnàýms hm pasnknabclmbta, ckmssa m knrkuecàëa hm pmssacs, tufuecàýms m snstmlcs tîkbnkas, kabhnàýms hm vmbtnecàëa m autras kabhnknabcbtms.   ∖  Hnlmbsýms prnbknpcns m pasnknabclmbta hm socgts m mspcàas tîkbnkas kal pmrkursa vmrtnkce   ∖  Hnlmbsýms prnbknpcns hm autras mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc pcssc`ml hm tufuecàýms m/au snstmlcs tîkbnkas, nbkeusnvm ceturcs hm mbtrm garras. (Afsmrvcàëa ;)   ∖  Tabcs hm mbkclnboclmbta hm tufuecàýms prnlãrncs, kal nbhnkcàëa hm pasnknabclmbta, ceturc akupchc.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

As clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas nbkeuml kcfnbms hm mbtrchc, lmhnàëa m trcbsgarlcàëa hm mbmr`nc, pastas hm trcbsgarlcàëa mxtmrbas, kmbtras hm lmhnàëa, scecs hm pcnbîns, `mrcharms, mqunpclmbtas m apmrcharms hm tmemkalubnkcàýms m tmemlãtnkc, cfrn`as pcrc kcnxcs, lmhnharms m hnspasntnvas hm pratmàëa, ceîl hm autras snstmlcs, qum hmvcl smr kabsnhmrchas pmecs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms.  mspmkncenhchms.  6.  As hakulmbtas bmkmssãrnas, prakmhnlmbtas m garlc hm rmspastc hcs kabkmssnabãrncs pahmrëa vcrncr ml kchc eakcenhchm.  eakcenhchm.  ;. 

Csmrchaàëa hm snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa kabvmbknabc kabvmbknabcns ns kala, hmvmrë a nbgarlchcs ca pradmtnstc cbtms bëa ha nbìkna has smrvnàas.  smrvnàas.   par mxmlpea, cevmbcrnc mstruturce m `mssa ckcrtabcha hmvmrëa

Zã`nbc

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M F

HMGNBNÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA 

MEM-F ::6 - Kabsuetc cs Kabkmssnabãrncs hm [mrvnàas Zôfenkas. Zôfenkas.  

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖ 

Vmcenzcr kabsuetcs prmenlnbcrms garlcns ês kabkmssnabãrncs hm smrvnàas pôfenkas hm garbmknlmbta hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Crquntmturc   Crquntmturc ∖  Zradmta prmenlnbcr hm cpravcàëa bc prmgmnturc  Mlprmmbhmhar   ∖  Kraba`rclc gìsnka hc kabstruàëa  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Hnrmtrnzms / rmspastc ês kabsuetcs, garbmknhcs pmecs kabkmssnabãrncs eakcns mbmr`nc meîtrnkc.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M F

HMGNBNÀËA HA ZVAH]XA  ZVAH]XA 

MEM-F 6:3 - Cssmssarnc pcrc chaàëa hm bavcs tmkbaea`ncs. tmkbaea`ncs.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Zrapasnàëa hm bavcs tmkbaea`ncs smdc pcrc snstmlcs dã ml usa smdc pcrc snstmlcs chnknabcns, cnbhc bëa mlprm`chas usucelmbtm bc ãrmc prmhnce. (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  ∖  Cssmssarcr a mlprmmbhmhar qucbta ê kabvmbnäbknc hm chaàëa hm tmkbaea`ncs bavcs m/au pauka hngubhnhcs ba lmrkcha (Afsmrvcàëa 6) 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas  Mlprmmbhmhar/Crquntmta Mlprmmbhmhar/Crquntmta      ∖  Hchas, mspmkngnkcàýms m/au autras memlmbtas hnspabìvmns, sugnknmbtms pcrc cbcenscr c kabvmbnäbknc hm chaàëa hc tmkbaea`nc m/au hnrmknabcr as mstuhas bmkmssãrnas.   Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  tmkbaea`nc , kal cs cbãensms rmcenzchcs ∖  Vmectûrna kal cs kcrcktmrìstnkcs prapastcs pcrc as snstmlcs qum nbkarparcl c bavc tmkbaea`nc, m kabkeusýms ha pradmtnstc, nbkeusnvm rmsuetchas mspmrchas hc chaàëa hc tmkbaea`nc.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvml mstcfmemkmr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa cs tmkbaea`ncs c smrml cpenkchcs, qucns hmsscs tmkbaea`ncs hmvmrëa smr kabsnhmrchcs bmstm [mrvnàa Apknabce, hmtceocbhasm c mxtmbsëa m cfrcb`äbknc hmssms smrvnàas, fml kala hmgnbnbha c rmspabscfnenhchm ha pradmtnstc ba hmsmbvaevnlmbta has lmslas.  lmslas. 

6. 

[mrvnàas hm cssmssarnc pcrc smemàëa tmkbaeû`nkc hmvml smr kabsnhmrchas kala [mrvnàa Apknabce cpmbcs qucbha mbvaevml tmkbaea`ncs nbavcharcs m / au nbkalubs, qum mxn`ml a hmsmbvaevnlmbta hm tcrmgcs chnknabcns kala pmsqunsc hm kcrcktmrìstnkcs tîkbnkcs, kabsuetcs m / au rmubnýms kal garbmkmharms, mstuhas hm kustas, mbtrm autrcs, m bëa puhmrml smr fcsmchas cpmbcs bc mxpmrnäbknc ha pradmtnstc.  pradmtnstc. 

Zã`nbc

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

GC[M 

NBXMVGCKM[   NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M [AE]ÀËA HM NBXMVGCKM[ Afdmtnva4 Afdmtnva4   Kabsaenhcr kecrclmbtm tahas clfnmbtms, sucs crtnkuecàýms m hmlcns memlmbtas ha mlprmmbhnlmbta, kal cs hmgnbnàýms bmkmssãrncs pcrc a nbtmrkælfna mbtrm tahas mbvaevnhas ba prakmssa.   prakmssa. C pcrtnr hc bm`akncàëa hm saeuàýms hm nbtmrgmräbkncs mbtrm snstmlcs, a pradmta rmsuetcbtm hmvm tmr tahcs cs sucs nbtmrgckms rmsaevnhcs, passnfnentcbha ulc cvcencàëa prmenlnbcr has kustas, lîtahas kabstrutnvas m prczas hm mxmkuàëa.  mxmkuàëa.   Sucbha mstc gcsm mstnvmr kabkeuìhc cnbhc qum a pradmta bëa mstmdc kalpemta m gar bmkmssãrna enkntcr c afrc, mstc gcsm apknabce sm kcrcktmrnzc kala4  kala4 

ZF - Zradmta Fãsnka /Zrî Mxmkutnva  Mxmkutnva  

Zã`nbc 3; 3;  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M K

NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M [AE]ÀËA HM NBXMVGCKM[ NBXMVGCKM[  

MEM-K ::3 - Zasnknabclmbta has pabtas meîtrnkas. meîtrnkas.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Mstuha m pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms meîtrnkas ml tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas m cbãensm hm nbtmrgmräbkncs ml rmecàëa cas pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Hnsknpenbcs   Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs has kabkmntas cpenkchas mlprmmbhnlmbta m ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa fãsnkc has snstmlcs meîtrnkasc smrml cprmsmbtchas bcca Gcsm F 

Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc, prî-hnlmbsnabclmbta m mstuhas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F.   Zcnsc`nsla  Zcnsc`nsla  ∖  Zecbtcs hm trctclmbta hm pnsas m ãrmcs cdcrhnbchcs, kal lcrkcàëa hm pabtas m mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkc.   Kenlctnzcàëa.  Kenlctnzcàëa.  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta prmenlnbcr hm mqunpclmbtas hm kenlctnzcàëa m prmssurnzcàëa hm ratcs hm gu`c, kal c hmgnbnàëa hm sucs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc, fml kala mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc hutas.   Mstruturc   Mstruturc ∖ 

Zrî-garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, kal taemræbknc hm =% bcs hnlmbsýms (afsmrvcàëa 3) 

Kabstrutar   ∖  Xmkbaea`ncs hm kabstruàëa c smrml cpenkchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas.   ∖  Nbhnkcàëa hm mb`rassclmbtas, mbkonlmbtas m autras cdustms au kabsnhmrcàýms mvmbtucelmbtm bmkmssãrncs pcrc arnmbtcr as pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms ml tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas.   ∖  Zasnknabclmbta hm garras m scbkcs, kal nbhnkcàëa hm sucs hnlmbsýms Nbhnkcàëa hm `rcbhms guras bc mstruturc m / au trmkoas mlfutnhas hm nbstcecàëa ml cevmbcrnc crlchc (afsmrvcàëa 6) 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

Cs nbgarlcàýms rmsuetcbtms mstëa sudmntcs c cetmrcàýms pastmrnarms ml kcsa hm cetmrcàëa hm hnlmbsýms hc mstruturc.  

6. 

[ëa kabsnhmrchas `rcbhms guras bc mstruturc, as guras ml ecdm lcnarms qum 8:x8: kl, qum hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³3: kl. Guras ml vn`c kal hnlmbsýms lcnarms qum 3= x3= kl m guras ml pnecrms hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³= kl  kl 

Zã`nbc 38 38  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M K

NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M [AE]ÀËA HM NBXMVGCKM[ NBXMVGCKM[  

MEM-K ::6 - Hmgnbnàëa m ecyaut hm scecs tîkbnkcs. tîkbnkcs.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm  

∖  Emvcbtclmbta hm kcr`cs meîtrnkcs m kãekuea hm hmlcbhc   ∖  [memàëa has mqunpclmbtas prnbknpcns  ∖  Ecyaut, hnlmbsnabclmbta m nbhnkcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm scecs m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs (afsmrvcàëa 3) Nbhnkcàëa hc bmkmssnhchm mspmkìgnkc hm trctclmbta ckôstnka, clartmknlmbta hm vnfrcàýms, kabhuàëa m trctclmbta hm mlnssýms  

Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs    Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas    ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa has kabkmntas c smrml cpenkchas ca mlprmmbhnlmbta m ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc has snstmlcs meîtrnkas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas  ∖  Ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc, prî-hnlmbsnabclmbta m mstuhas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F.   Zcnsc`nsla  Zcnsc`nsla  ∖  Zecbtcs hm trctclmbta hm pnsas m ãrmcs cdcrhnbchcs, kal lcrkcàëa hm pabtas m mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkc.   Kenlctnzcàëa.  Kenlctnzcàëa.  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta prmenlnbcr hm mqunpclmbtas hm kenlctnzcàëa m prmssurnzcàëa hm ratcs hm gu`c, kal c hmgnbnàëa hm sucs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc, fml kala mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc hutas.   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Zrî-garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, kal taemræbknc hm =% bcs hnlmbsýms   Kabstrutar   ∖  Xmkbaea`ncs hm kabstruàëa c smrml cpenkchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Kraquns hcs scecs m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs (pecbtcs, kartms, vnstcs m hmtceoms, kabgarlm c bmkmssnhchm), kal lcrkcàëa hm

tahcs cs bmkmssnhchms c smrml ctmbhnhcs pmeas pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms (hnlmbsýms, pîs-hnrmntas, partcs, cfmrturcs, dcbmecs, garras, kabhnàýms hm ckmssa hm pmssacs m mqunpclmbtas praxnlnhchm hm autras clfnmbtms au kabhnàýms, mtk.) 

∖ 

Nbhnkcàëa hm `rcbhms guras bc mstruturc m/au trmkoas hm nbstcecàëa mlfutnhas ml cevmbcrnc crlchc (afsmrvcàëa 6). 

Afsmrvcàýms  Afsmrvcàýms   3.  [ëa kabsnhmrchas guras `rcbhms bc mstruturc4 mstrutu rc4 guras ml ecdm lcnarms qum 8:x8: kl, qum hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³3: kl. Guras ml vn`c kal hnlmbsýms lcnarms qum 3= x3= kl9 m guras ml pnecrms, qum hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³= kl.  kl. 

6. 

As clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas nbkeuml kcfnbms hm mbtrchc, lmhnàëa m trcbsgarlcàëa hm mbmr`nc, pastas hm trcbsgarlcàëa mxtmrbas, kmbtras hm lmhnàëa, scecs hm pcnbîns, `mrcharms, mqunpclmbtas m apmrcharms hm tmemkalubnkcàýms m tmemlãtnkc, cfrn`as pcrc kcnxcs, lmhnharms m hnspasntnvas hm pratmàëa, mbtrm autras, qum hmvcl smr kabsnhmrchas pmeas pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms.  mspmkncenhchms.  

Zã`nbc 3= 3=  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M K

NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M [AE]ÀËA HM NBXMVGCKM[ NBXMVGCKM[  

MEM-K ::; - Xrcàcha hm enbocs meîtrnkcs prnbknpcns. prnbknpcns.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Mstuha has trcàchas hm hutas, kceocs, tufuecàýms m enbocs prnbknpcns hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, ml tahas as pcvnlmbtas, m cbãensm hm nbtmrgmräbkncs kal as pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs   ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa has kabkmntas c smrml cpenkchas ca mlprmmbhnlmbta m ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc has snstmlcs meîtrnkas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F   Crquntmturc   Crquntmturc ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc, prî-hnlmbsnabclmbta m mstuhas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F.  

Zcnsc`nsla  Zcnsc`nsla  ∖  Zecbtcs hm trctclmbta hm pnsas m ãrmcs cdcrhnbchcs, kal lcrkcàëa hm pabtas m mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkc.   Kenlctnzcàëa.  Kenlctnzcàëa.  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta prmenlnbcr hm mqunpclmbtas hm kenlctnzcàëa m prmssurnzcàëa hm ratcs hm gu`c, kal c hmgnbnàëa hm sucs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc, fml kala mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc hutas.   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Zrî-garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, kal taemræbknc hm =% bcs hnlmbsýms.   Kabstrutar   ∖  Xmkbaea`ncs hm kabstruàëa c smrml cpenkchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖  ∖ 

Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas kal trcàcha hm hutas, kceocs, tufuecàýms m enbocs prnbknpcns hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas.   Nbhnkcàëa hm cdustms bmkmssãrnas bas pradmtas hcs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms, ml gubàëa hcs nbtmrgmräbkncs nhmbtngnkchcs.  Nbhnkcàëa hm `rcbhms guras m nbsmrts bc mstruturc (afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. [ëa kabsnhmrchas `rcbhms guras bc mstruturc as guras ml ecdm lcnarms qum 8:x8: kl, qum hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³3: kl. Guras ml vn`c kal hnlmbsýms lcnarms qum 3= x3= kl m guras ml pnecrms hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³= kl.  kl. 

Zã`nbc 37 37  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M K

NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M [AE]ÀËA HM NBXMVGCKM[ NBXMVGCKM[  

MEM-K ::8 - Kabsuetc cs kabkmssnabãrncs hm smrvnàas pôfenkas. pôfenkas.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Mstuha, hmgnbnàëa m crrcbda hm tufuecàýms, hnspasntnvas, kalpabmbtms m mqunpclmbtas hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas ml socgts vmrtnkcns.  ∖  Hmgnbnàëa hm gurcàýms ml ecdms pcrc pcssc`mbs hm snstmlcs nbstcechas ml socgts vmrtnkcns  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs   ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa has kabkmntas c smrml cpenkchas ca mlprmmbhnlmbta m ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc has snstmlcs meîtrnkas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Ckmntcàëa m / au kalmbtãrnas safrm c kabkmpàëa fãsnkc, prî-hnlmbsnabclmbta m mstuhas cprmsmbtchas bc Gcsm F.   Zcnsc`nsla  Zcnsc`nsla  ∖  Zecbtcs hm trctclmbta hm pnsas m ãrmcs cdcrhnbchcs, kal lcrkcàëa hm pabtas m mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkc.   Kenlctnzcàëa.  Kenlctnzcàëa.  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta prmenlnbcr hm mqunpclmbtas hm kenlctnzcàëa m prmssurnzcàëa hm ratcs hm gu`c, kal c hmgnbnàëa hm sucs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc, fml kala mspcàas bmkmssãrnas pcrc hutas.   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Zrî-garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, kal taemræbknc hm =% bcs hnlmbsýms   Kabstrutar   ∖  Xmkbaea`ncs hm kabstruàëa c smrml cpenkchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Kraquns has socgts vmrtnkcns (pecbtcs, kartms, vnstcs m hmtceoms, kabgarlm c bmkmssnhchm), kal lcrkcàëa hm tahcs cs

bmkmssnhchms c smrml ctmbhnhcs pmeas pradmtas hcs hmlcns hnsknpenbcs (hnlmbsýms, pîs-hnrmntas, partcs, cfmrturcs, praxnlnhchm hm autras clfnmbtms au kabhnàýms, mtk.)  ∖  Zecbtc kal cs gurcàýms hm ecdm bmkmssãrncs pcrc as socgts vmrtnkcns (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. Cs nbgarlcàýms rmsuetcbtms mstëa sudmntcs c cetmrcàýms pastmrnarms ml kcsa hm cetmrcàëa hm hnlmbsýms hc mstruturc.   [ëa kabsnhmrchas `rcbhms guras bc mstruturc as guras ml ecdm lcnarms qum 8:x8: kl, qum hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³3: kl. Guras ml vn`c kal hnlmbsýms lcnarms qum 3= x3= kl m guras ml pnecrms hmvml smr nbhnkchas kal prmknsëa hm ³= kl.  kl. 

Zã`nbc 30 30  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

GC[M 

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  Afdmtnva4   Afdmtnva4 Mxmkutcr a hmtceoclmbta hm tahas as memlmbtas ha mlprmmbhnlmbta hm laha c `mrcr ul kabdubta hm rmgmräbkncs sugnknmbtms c pmrgmntc hcs afrcs/smrvnàas c smrml pcrc mxmkutchcs, fmlkcrcktmrnzcàëa kala c cvcencàëa has kustas, lîtahas kabstrutnvas, m prczas hm mxmkuàëa.  mxmkuàëa.   Mxmkutcr a hmtceoclmbta hm tahas as memlmbtas ha mlprmmbhnlmbta m nbkarparcr as hmtceoms bmkmssãrnas hm prahuàëa hmpmbhmbha ha snstmlc kabstrutnva.  kabstrutnva.   A rmsuetcha hmvm smr ul kabdubta hm nbgarlcàýms tîkbnkcs kecrcs m afdmtnvcs safrm tahas as memlmbtas, snstmlcs m kalpabmbtms ha mlprmmbhnlmbta.  mlprmmbhnlmbta.  Mstc gcsm pahm smr sufhnvnhnhc ml 6 mtcpcs4  mtcpcs4   - Zradmta Mxmkutnva  Mxmkutnva  - Hmtceoclmbta Hmtceoclmbta  

kal4   Lcs a kabdubta sm kcrcktmrnzc kal4 

ZM - Zradmta Mxmkutnva Mxmkutnva  

Zã`nbc 3? 3?  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[  M[[MBKNCN[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  MEM-H ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm knrkuntas, hnlmbsnabclmbtas meîtrnkas `mrcns m pradmta hm quchras m  m  meîtrnkas.  pcnbîns meîtrnkas. 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Hnstrnfunàëa hm knrkuntas m emvcbtclmbta gnbce hcs kcr`cs meîtrnkcs, karrmbtms hm pcrtnhc, karrmbtms hm gu`c m autrcs `rcbhmzcs bmkmssãrncs pcrc as hnlmbsnabclmbtas meîtrnkas.   ∖  [memàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkas c smrml utnenzchas.   ∖  Kabsaenhcàëa ha msqumlc meîtrnka m mecfarcàëa hm hnc`rclcs ubngnecrms `mrcns ha snstmlc hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc.  ∖  Hnlmbsnabclmbta hm cenlmbtcharms.  ∖  Cvcencàëa hcs karrmbtms hm kurta knrkunta, hmgnbnàëa hcs pratmàýms has hnvmrsas tnpas c smrml chatchcs m mstuhas hm kaarhmbcàëa m smemtnvnhchm.  ∖  Zradmta m mspmkngnkcàëa hm quchras m pcnbîns meîtrnkas hm hnstrnfunàëa, garàc m kalcbha.   ∖  Hnlmbsnabclmbta hm kabhutarms has knrkuntas tmrlnbcns. 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs   ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc mtcpc MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / au kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.  ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta. 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Mspmkngnkcàýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas meîtrnkas hc nbstcecàëa. 

Hnc`rclcs ubngnecrms `mrcns ha snstmlc hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc.  ∖ ∖   Xcfmecs hm cenlmbtcharms.  ∖  Hnc`rclcs meîtrnkas m mspmkngnkcàëa hm quchras m pcnbîns meîtrnkas hm hnstrnfunàëa, garàc m kalcbha, nbkeusnvm hmgnbnàëa hcs hnlmbsýms m mspmkngnkcàëa has smus kalpabmbtms. 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc 3> 3>  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

meîtrnkc.   MEM-H ::6 - Zecbtcs hm hnstrnfunàëa meîtrnkc.

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm

∖  Xrcàchas hm tahas as hutas m tufuecàýms hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas prnlãrnas m smkubhãrnas.   ∖  Zradmta hm gncàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas.  ∖  Hnlmbsnabclmbta m pasnknabclmbta gnbce hm hutas, tufuecàýms, tufuecàý ms, socgts, mtk., nbkeunbha mspmkngnkcàëa hm ckmssûrnas, garlcs hm kabmxëa m nbspmàëa, ceîl hm nbhnkcàëa hm hnlmbsýms m bìvmns.   ∖  Cbãensm m menlnbcàëa hm nbtmrgmräbkncs (vmr afsmrvcàëa 3)   ∖  Mecfarcàëa kalprmm bsëa hc nbstcecàëa rmprmsmbtchc bcs pecbtcs.   m ecbàclmbta has hmtceoms kabsnhmrchas bmkmssãrnas ê pmrgmntc kalprmmbsëa ∖  Mecfarcàëa hm pecbtcs hm lcrkcàëa hm ecdm pcrc as pcvnlmbtas tnpa.   ∖  Lcrkcàëa hm guras m nbsmrts bc mstruturc pcrc as hmlcns pcvnlmbtas, nbkeunbha guras ml ecdms kal hnlmbsýms lcnarms qum 6:x6: kl. 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Hnsknpenbcs   Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc mtcpc MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / au kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.  ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta.  Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖ 

Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas  

Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa  Kenlctnzcàëa  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.   Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa ∖  Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas kal trcàcha gnbce m hnskrnlnbcàëa hm hutas m tufuecàýms has snstmlcs meîtrnkas prnlãrnas

m smkubhãrnas m smus ckmssûrnas, trmkoas mlfutnhas ml vmhcàýms mstruturcns (kal nbhnkcàëa hm hnælmtra au hnlmbsýms, bìvmns m gncàëa), kalpctnfnenzchcs kal as hmlcns memlmbtas m snstmlcs (afsmrvcàëa 3)   ∖  Hmtceoms bmkmssãrnas ê pmrgmntc kalprmmbsëa hcs nbstcecàýms rmprmsmbtchcs bcs pecbtcs   ∖  Zecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm ecdm pcrc a pcvnlmbta tnpa, kal nbhnkcàëa hcs kcnxcs m memtrahutas mlfutnhas bc ecdm m guras bc mstruturc, nbkeusnvm guras ml ecdm, kal hnlmbsýms m pasnàýms katchcs ml rmecàëa ê mstruturc (afsmrvcàëa 6)   ∖  Nbhnkcàëa hm guras bc mstruturc pcrc as hmlcns pcvnlmbtas, kal hnlmbsýms m pasnàýms katchcs ml rmecàëa ê mstruturc, mxkmta guras ml ecdm kal hnlmbsýms lmbarms qum 6:x6: kl (afsmrvcàëa ;)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

C chaàëa hm snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas hm snstmlcs prmhncns, kala par mxmlpea, cevmbcrnc mstruturce, `mssa ckcrtabcha, hmvmrëa smr nbgarlchcs ca pradmtnstc cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas.  smrvnàas.  6.  Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm. ;. 

Bëa kabsnhmrc c bmkmssnhchm hm mecfarcàëa hm hmsmboas mspmkìgnkas hm gurcàëa hc mstruturc, hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ml ecdm au hm clcrrcàëa katchc hm kcnxcs m autras memlmbtas hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs ml rmecàëa ê mstruturc. C nbhnkcàëa  nbhnkcàëa   Zã`nbc 6: 6:  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs hmssms memlmbtas, nbkeusnvm guras ml cevmbcrncs mstruturcns c tìtuea hm rmgmräbknc pcrc nbkeusëa ba pradmta mspmkìgnka hm mstruturc, cevmbcrnc m/au prahuàëa, hmvm smr gmntc ba prûprna hmsmboa ha pradmta meîtrnka.  meîtrnka.   8. 

Zcrc mstc gcsm smrëa utnenzchcs fcsms hm pcrkmnras, kabgarlm "Hchas "Hcha s Bmkmssãrnas", bëa hmvmbha ocvmr trakcs t rakcs pastmrnarms, kcsa smdc nbhnspmbsãvme c trakc, hmvmrã ocvmr cdustms bas prczas m kustas.  kustas.  

Zã`nbc 63 63  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

nbstcecàëa.   MEM-H ::; - Zrmpcrcàëa hm msqumlcs vmrtnkcns hc nbstcecàëa.

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Kabkmpàëa m mecfarcàëa has msqumlcs vmrtnkcns pcrc as hnvmrsas snstmlcs meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha a hnlmbsnabclmbta,

pasnknabclmbta gnbce, cbãensm m menlnbcàëa hm nbtmrgmräbkncs hm hutas, tufuecàýms, socgts, mtk., m kalpctnfnenzcàëa kal cs pecbtcs karrmspabhmbtms.  ∖  Mecfarcàëa m ecbàclmbta hm vcrncbtms m hmtceoms kabsnhmrchas bmkmssãrnas ê pmrgmntc kalprmmbsëa hc nbstcecàëa rmprmsmbtchc bas msqumlcs vmrtnkcns  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Hnsknpenbcs   Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc mtcpc MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / au kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.  ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa Kenlctnzcàëa    m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.   ∖  Zasnknabclmbta Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa ∖  Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Msqumlcs vmrtnkcns hm hnstrnfunàëa pcrc as hnvmrsas snstmlcs meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha c hnskrnlnbcàëa hm ckmssûrnas, kal nbhnkcàëa hm hnælmtras au hnlmbsýms, bìvmns m gncàëa, kalpctnfnenzchas kal cs pecbtcs karrmspabhmbtms.   ∖  Hmtceoms bmkmssãrnas ê pmrgmntc kalprmmbsëa hc nbstcecàëa rmprmsmbtchc bas msqumlcs vmrtnkcns  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. C chaàëa hm snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas hm snstmlcs prmhncns, kala par mxmlpea, cevmbcrnc mstruturce, `mssa ckcrtabcha, hmvmrëa smr nbgarlchcs ca pradmtnstc cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas.  smrvnàas. 

Zã`nbc 66 66  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

tîkbnkcs.   MEM-H ::8 - Hmtceoclmbta hm clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs.

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖ 

Hmtceoclmbta hm clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs, kabgarlm c bmkmssnhchm mspmkìgnkc.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs   as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas hm quchras, pabtas m autras m kalpabmbtms ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahashmastahas snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc kal mtcpcpasnknabclmbta MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / auhnspasntnvas kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.  ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta  

Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa  Kenlctnzcàëa  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.   Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa ∖  Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas utnenzcha s snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbtcs, kartms, vnstcs, hmtceoms hm labtc`ml, nbkeunbha a pasnknabclmbta m hnskrnlnbcàëa hm mqunpclmbtas, hutas,

tufuecàýms m smus ckmssûrnas, kal nbhnkcàëa hm hnælmtras au hnlmbsýms, bìvmns m gncàëa, kalpctnfnenzchas kal cs pecbtcs m msqumlcs karrmspabhmbtms. 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. C chaàëa hm snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas hm snstmlcs prmhncns, kala par mxmlpea, cevmbcrnc mstruturce, `mssa ckcrtabcha, hmvmrëa smr nbgarlchcs ca pradmtnstc cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas.  smrvnàas. 

Zã`nbc 6; 6;  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

mspmkngnkcàýms.   MEM-H ::= - Mecfarcàëa hm lmlarncns m mspmkngnkcàýms.

M[[MBKNCN[  [MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm

∖  Mecfarcàëa hm lmlarncns hmskrntnvas  ∖  Mecfarcàëa hm mspmkngnkcàýms hm smrvnàas m rmkalmbhcàýms tîkbnkcs m chlnbnstrctnvcs pcrc usa m cpenkcàëa hcs nbgarlcàýms kabtnhcs ba pradmta  ∖  Mecfarcàëa hm mspmkngnkcàýms hm lctmrncns m mqunpclmbtas 

Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs    Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas    ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc mtcpc MEM-K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas (au kabgnrlchas) par tahcs cs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.   ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchas pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa   Kenlctnzcàëa Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa   Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa ∖  Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)   ∖ 

Mlprmmbhmhar / Kabstrutar   ∖  Nbgarlcàýms chnknabcns safrm cs lahcenhchms hm kabtrctcàëa m `mrmbknclmbta mspmkìgnkcs c smrml chatchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas 

∖  Lmlarncns hmskrntnvas cfrcb`mbha tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas pradmtchas   ∖  Mspmkngnkcàýms hm smrvnàas m rmkalmbhcàýms `mrcns pcrc kabtrctcàëa m nbstcecàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, nbkeusnvm prakmhnlmbtas hm tmstm m ckmntcàëa.   ∖  Mspmkngnkcàýms hm tahas as lctmrncns m mqunpclmbtas c smrml utnenzchas bc nbstcecàëa   ∖  Mspmkngnkcàýms rmectnvcs ca ctmbhnlmbta c CFBX BFV 3==0=. (Afsmrvcàýms 6 m ;)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm. 6.  A mskapa hm hmsmlpmboa cpenkãvme ca Zradmta hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs mstã hmtceocha ba Kcpntuea M[KAZA ZCVC CXMBHNLMBXA Ê BAVLC HM HM[MLZMBOA, bmstm lcbuce.  lcbuce.  sntm www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr mstã hnspabìvme lahmea pcrc mecfarcàëa ha Lmlarnce Hmskrntnva ha Zradmta hm ;.  Ba sntm www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs kabtmlpecbha as ntmbs cpenkãvmns ca ctmbhnlmbta ê Barlc hm Hmsmlpmboa CFBX BFV 3==0=.  3==0=.  

Zã`nbc 68 68  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

M[ZMKÌGNKA[  [MVWNÀA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[ 

MEM-H 3:3 - Kalpctnfnenzcàëa m kaarhmbcàëa kal pradmtas hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Cbãensm m kalpctnfnenzcàëa has kabkmntas chatchas ml pradmtas hm autrcs mspmkncenhchms qum tmbocl nbtmrgmräbknc gìsnkc au gubknabce kal as snstmlcs meîtrnkas pradmtchas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)   ∖  Mecfarcàëa m/au kalpemlmbtcàëa has pradmtas mecfarchas hm laha c nbkeunr as memlmbtas bmkmssãrnas pcrc c pmrgmntc nbtm`rcàëa mbtrm as pradmtas 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas    ::3 c MEM-H ::=, ckrmsknhas hm4   Hchas enstchas bcs mtcpcs MEM-H Zradmtnstcs hm [nstmlcs Meîtrnkas Kalpemlmbtcrms  Kalpemlmbtcrms   ∖  Zradmtas has snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms  ∖  Arnmbtcàëa tîkbnkc m mskecrmknlmbta qucbta ê kabkmntucàëa chatchc m bmkmssnhchms qum tmbocl nbtmrgmräbknc gìsnkc au gubknabce kal as snstmlcs meîtrnkas pradmtchas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Zradmta kalpemta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, kal tahas as smus memlmbtas kalpctnfnenzchas kal as snstmlcs snstm lcs kalpemlmbtcrms.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

As snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms pahml nbkeunr snstmlcs hm sm`urcbàc, supmrvnsëa m cutalcàëa prmhnce, eulnbatîkbnkc, snstmlcs hm tmemkalubnkcàýms mspmkncns, nbstrulmbtcàëa m autras.  autras.   h mtceocr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas hmssc gcsm, quce c mxtmbsëa A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmtceocr, m cfrcb`äbknc hmssms smrvnàas m hmgnbnr c rmspabscfnenhchm ha pradmtnstc ml smu hmsmbvaevnlmbta.   Sucbha as pradmtas has snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms bëa garml hm cutarnc ha pradmtnstc hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c suc rmspabscfnenhchm sm rmsulm ê kaarhmbcàëa mbtrm as pradmtas, pmrlcbmkmbha saf c rmspabscfnenhchm ha cutar mxtmrba as kabkmntas m a hmsmlpmboa has rmspmktnvas snstmlcs.  snstmlcs.   As hakulmbtas hm pradmta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas bëa nbkeunrëa as memlmbtas has snstmlcs kalpemlmbtcrms.  

Zã`nbc 6= 6=  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 3:6 - Zradmta hm snstmlc hm mbmr`nc ml cetc tmbsëa.  tmbsëa.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[  M[ZMKÌGNKA[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Zradmta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas ml cetc tmbsëa, nbkeunbha cs nbstcecàýms hm mbtrchc, hnstrnfunàëa, trcbsgarlcàëa m pratmàëa has snstmlcs ml cetc tmbsëa (afsmrvcàëa 6)  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs  

as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas pasnknabclmbta hm quchras,m pabtas m autras m kalpabmbtms ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahashmastahas snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hckal mtcpc MEM-K ::3, cbcenschas kalmbtchas (auhnspasntnvas kabgnrlchas) par tahcs cs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.   ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchas pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms  

Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Kenlctnzcàëa  Kenlctnzcàëa  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.   Wmhcàëa  Wmhcàëa ∖   Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (afsmrvcàëa 3)   Mlprmmbhmhar / Kabstrutar   ∖  Nbgarlcàýms chnknabcns safrm cs lahcenhchms hm kabtrctcàëa m `mrmbknclmbta mspmkìgnkcs c smrml chatchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Zradmta kalpemta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha as snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc ml cetc tmbsëa (afsmrvcàëa 6)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm.

6. 

[mrëa kabsnhmrchas snstmlcs meîtrnkas hm cetc tmbsëa as snstmlcs kal tmbsëa supmrnar c 3,: iW.  iW.  

Zã`nbc 67 67  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 3:; - Zradmta hm snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc kabgncfnenzchc.  kabgncfnenzchc.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[  M[ZMKÌGNKA[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Zradmta has snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc, nbkeunbha cs nbstcecàýms hm `mrcàëa, trctclmbta, hnstrnfunàëa, m pratmàëa hm snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc meîtrnkc kabgncfnenzchc (afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs  

as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas pasnknabclmbta hm quchras,m pabtas m autras m kalpabmbtms ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahashmastahas snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hckal mtcpc MEM-K ::3, cbcenschas kalmbtchas (auhnspasntnvas kabgnrlchas) par tahcs cs hmlcns mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.   ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchas pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms  

Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa  Kenlctnzcàëa  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa   Wmhcàëa  Wmhcàëa ∖   Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml nlpenqum l c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 6)   Mlprmmbhmhar / Kabstrutar   ∖  Nbgarlcàýms chnknabcns safrm cs lahcenhchms hm kabtrctcàëa m `mrmbknclmbta mspmkìgnkcs c smrml chatchcs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Zradmta kalpemta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha as snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc kabgncfnenzchc (afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmtceocr, h mtceocr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas hmssc gcsm, quce qu ce c mxtmbsëa m cfrcb`äbknc hmssms smrvnàas m hmgnbnr c rmspabscfnenhchm ha pradmtnstc ml smu hmsmbvaevnlmbta.  hmsmbvaevnlmbta.   As snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc kabgncfnenzchc pahml mbmr` nc pah ml nbkeunr snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc prnarntãrnc kal `mrcàëa hm qucequmr tnpa, mbmr`nc

mstcfnenzchc au pravmbnmbtm hm mqunpclmbtas ]Z[ ( ]bnbtmruptcfem Zawmr [ystmls) hm qucequmr qucequm r tnpa.  tnpa.  6.  Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm.

Zã`nbc 60 60  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:3 - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbtcs hm lcrkcàëa hm ecdms. ecdms.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Mecfarcàëa hm pecbtcs hm ecdm has pcvnlmbtas m/au smtarms mspmkngnkchas, ceîl hcqumems dã kabtmlpechas bc mtcpc MEMH ::6, kal pasnknabclmbta katcha hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs ml rmecàëa cas memlmbtas hc mstruturc   ∖  Lcrkcàëa hm guras hm qucnsqumr hnlmbsýms ml ecdm, pcrc as pcvnlmbtas m/au smtarms mspmkngnkchas, ceîl hcqumems dã kabtmlpechas bc mtcpc MEM-H ::6 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas    Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs Hnsknpenbcs    ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas hc mtcpc MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / au kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.  ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta   Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa   Kenlctnzcàëa ∖ 

Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.  

Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa ∖  Zradmtas hm vmhcàëa hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml c bmkmssnhchm hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce bas pradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbtcs hm ecdm kal pasnknabclmbta katcha hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs (kcnxcs, sufnhcs, hmsknhcs m pcssc`ml hm

memtrahutas), kal hnlmbsýms m pasnknabclmbta hm tahas as guras ml ecdm, katchas ml rmecàëa cas memlmbtas hc mstruturc (afsmrvcàëa 3) 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm.

Zã`nbc 6? 6?  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

MEM-H 6:6 - Wmrngnkcàëa hc chmqucàëa m kabgarlnhchm hm memlmbtas, snstmlcs m/au kalpabmbtms.  

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Wmrngnkcàëa hc chmqucàëa m kabgarlnhchm kabgarlnhch m hm memlmbtas, snstmlcs m/au kalpabmbtms has snstmlcs Meîtrnkas (afsmrvcàëa 3) 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Garbmkmhar has Kalpabmbtms Zrî-Gcfrnkchas  Zrî-Gcfrnkchas  Zradmta mxmkutnva hmtceocha m/au mspmkngnkcàýms tîkbnkcs hm memlmbtas m/au kalpabmbtms hc nbstcecàëa (afsmrvcàëa 6) ∖ ∖   Lmlûrncs hm kãekuea m/au autras pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsnabclmbta bmkmssãrnas, kabgarlm a prahuta c smr vmrngnkcha   (afsmrvcàëa 6) 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Garlcenzcàëa, par pcrtm ha pradmtnstc, hc ckmntcfnenhchm hcs kcrcktmrìstnkcs m mspmkngnkcàýms trchuznhcs bc hakulmbtcàëa garbmknhc m/au kalmbtãrnas m rmkalmbhcàýms rmectnvas cas lmslas.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmtceocr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, quce c mxtmbsëa m cfrcb`äbknc hmssms smrvnàas m hmgnbnr c rmspabscfnenhchm ha pradmtnstc ba hmsmbvaevnlmbta hcs tcrmgcs hmkarrmbtms.  

6. 

A pradmtnstc hmvmrã rmecknabcr as memlmbtas hm hakulmbtcàëa bmkmssãrnas pcrc mssc cbãensm.  cbãensm.  

Zã`nbc 6> 6>  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:; - Hmtceoclmbta hm labtc`ml hm nbstcecàëa ml socgts. socgts.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖ 

Hmtceoclmbta hc labtc`ml hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas ml socgts vmrtnkcns  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Hnsknpenbcs   Xahcs cs Hnsknpenbcs ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as smtarms au pcvnlmbtas kal pasnknabclmbta hm quchras, pabtas m autras hnspasntnvas m kalpabmbtms hm tahas as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, prahutas mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta mbvaevnhcs.   hc mtcpc MEM K ::3, cbcenschas m kalmbtchas m / au kabgnrlchas par tahcs cs ∖  Kabgnrlcàëa hcs bmkmssnhchms hm cenlmbtcàëa meîtrnkc has mqunpclmbtas hmgnbnhas m / au mspmkngnkchc pmecs hnvmrscs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta  

Crquntmturc  Crquntmturc  ∖  Zecbtcs hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas   ∖  Kartms pcsscbha par tahas as pcvnlmbtas   Mstruturc  Mstruturc  ∖  Garlcs hc mstruturc hm tahas as pcvnlmbtas  Kenlctnzcàëa  Kenlctnzcàëa  ∖  Zasnknabclmbta m hnlmbsýms gnbcns hm mqunpclmbtas, tufuecàýms m hutas has snstmlcs hm kenlctnzcàëa.   Wmhcàëa   Wmhcàëa hm vmhcàëa hm tahas pcvnlmbtas, qucbha garml nlpenqum l c bmkmssnhchm ∖  Zradmtas hm hmtceoclmbta chnknabce basaspradmtas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)   utnenzchas snstmlcs hm vmhcàëa qum nlpenquml

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbtcs, kartms, vnstcs m hmtceoms, kabgarlm c bmkmssnhchm, kabtmbha a hmtceoclmbta hc labtc`ml hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas

ml socgts vmrtnkcns, nbkeunbha c nbhnkcàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms, gnxcàýms, hmtceoms hm vmhcàëa, ckmssûrnas, mtk. [mlprm kal nbhnkcàëa hm hnlmbsýms m bìvmns  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. Ba kcsa hm a pradmtnstc smr rmspabsãvme par autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta, ceîl has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, c pecbtc hm lcrkcàëa hm guras ha pcvnlmbta tnpa hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as guras bmkmssãrnas pcrc tahcs cs mspmkncenhchms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.   rmspabscfnenhchm.

Zã`nbc ;: ;:  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:8 - Lcrkcàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms. supartms.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Lcrkcàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms pcrc sustmbtcàëa m cbkarc`ml hm hutas, tufuecàýms, kcnxcs m autras ckmssûrnas has snstmlcs meîtrnkas. 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Garbmkmhar has Kalpabmbtms Zrî-Gcfrnkchas  Zrî-Gcfrnkchas  ∖  Zradmta mxmkutnva hmtceocha m/au mspmkngnkcàýms tîkbnkcs hm memlmbtas m/au kalpabmbtms hc nbstcecàëa (afsmrvcàëa 3)   hm3)kãekuea m/au autras pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsnabclmbta bmkmssãrnas, kabgarlm a prahuta c smr vmrngnkcha ∖  Lmlûrncs (afsmrvcàëa  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Zecbtcs hm pasnknabclmbta hm supartms pcrc hutas, tufuecàýms, kcnxcs m autras ckmssûrnas has snstmlcs meîtrnkas.  Hmtceoms kabstrutnvas m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms m hnspasntnvas hm gnxcàëa m smus ckcfclmbtas  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A pradmtnstc hmvmrã rmecknabcr as memlmbtas hm hakulmbtcàëa bmkmssãrnas pcrc mssc cbãensm. cbãensm.  

Zã`nbc ;3 ;3  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:= - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbneoc hm qucbtnhchms hm lctmrncns. lctmrncns.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖ 

Mecfarcàëa hm pecbneoc kal rmecàëa qucbtntctnvc hm lctmrncns 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

Zradmta hm hmtceoclmbta kalpemta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbneoc qucbtntctnvc hm lctmrncns, rmecknabcbha tahas as lctmrncns mbvaevnhas bc nbstcecàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas cfrcb`nhas pmea pradmta. 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc ;6 ;6  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:7 - Mecfarcàëa hm aràclmbta aràclmbta  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖ 

Mecfarcàëa hm aràclmbta mstnlctnva hc nbstcecàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, kabsnhmrcbha lctmrnce m lëa-hm-afrc.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

Zradmta hm hmtceoclmbta kalpemta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Zecbneoc hm aràclmbta kal prmàas mstnlctnvas, nbkeunbha tahc c nbstcecàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas cprmsmbtchas pmeas pradmtas.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc ;; ;;  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM -H 6:0- Zrmpcrcàëa hm lmlarnce hm pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsnabclmbta. hnlmbsnabclmbta.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Zrmpcrcàëa hm Lmlarnce hm Zcrælmtras hm Hnlmbsnabclmbta hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs, kabtmbha hchas hm rmgmräbknc (afsmrvcàëa 6) ml garlcta chmqucha pcrc rm`nstra m vmrngnkcàëa par tmrkmnras  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

Zradmta hm hmtceoclmbta kalpemta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖  ∖ 

Lmlarnce hm Zcrælmtras hm Hnlmbsnabclmbta hm kcr`cs m hmlcbhcs meîtrnkcs (afsmrvcàýms 3 m 6)9   Lmlarnce hm Zcrælmtras hm Hnlmbsnabclmbta hm cenlmbtcharms m enbocs meîtrnkcs (afsmrvcàýms 3 m 6)9  Lmlarnce hm Zcrælmtras hm Hnlmbsnabclmbta hm kurta-knrkunta, qucbha cpenkãvme (afsmrvcàýms 3 m 6). 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

A lmlarnce hm pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsnabclmbta hmvm smr mecfarcha ml garlcta chmqucha pcrc rm`nstra tîkbnka, cbãensm m nbspmàëa has pradmtas hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, ml bìvme chmqucha pcrc emnturc m nbtmrprmtcàëa par pragnssnabcns qucengnkchas.   qucengnkchas.

6. 

A Lmlarnce hm Zcrælmtras hm Hnlmbsnabclmbta hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr as hchas hm mbtrchc, pcrælmtras chatchas m as prnbknpcns rmsuetchas ha hnlmbsnabclmbta, m bëa tml gnbcenhchm arnmbtctnvc m/au nbstrutnvc.  

Zã`nbc ;8 ;8  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M H

ZVADMXA HM HMXCEOCLMBXA  HMXCEOCLMBXA  M[ZMKNCENHCHM[  HC[ M[ZMKNCENHCHM[ 

MEM-H 6:? - Mecfarcàëa hm lnbutcs kabtrctucns. kabtrctucns.  

[MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖ 

Mecfarcàëa hm lnbutcs kabtrctucns m cbmxas pcrc kabtrctcàëa hc mlprmsc nbstcecharc has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

@mrce

∖ 

Zradmta hm hmtceoclmbta kalpemta has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  

∖ 

Zrakmhnlmbta hm lmhnàëa, mbtrm`c, tmstms, mbscnas m `crcbtncs hcs nbstcecàýms 

Kabstrutarc ∖  Mskapa hm garbmknlmbta hmsmdcha  ∖  Garlc hm kabtrctcàëa  ∖  Zrcza hm mxmkuàëa hmsmdcha 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Hakulmbtcàëa m nbgarlcàýms c smrml prahuznhcs hurcbtm c mxmkuàëa hcs nbstcecàýms   Zecbneocs hm `mrmbknclmbta ha kabtrcta.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms

Zã`nbc ;= ;=  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

GC[M 

ZVADMXA  ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA 

Afdmtnva4 Afdmtnva4   @crcbtnr c pembc kalprmmbsëa m utnenzcàëa hcs nbgarlcàýms hm pradmta, fml kala suc cpenkcàëa karrmtc bas trcfceoas hm kclpa.   kclpa.

Zã`nbc ;7 ;7  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

pradmta.   MEM-M ::3 - Cprmsmbtcàëa ha pradmta.

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Vmcenzcr rmubnëa kal a afdmtnva hm cprmsmbtcr a pradmta gnbce kal as kabkmntas tîkbnkas m prmlnsscs chatchcs, chatchc s, saenkntcàýms ha kabtrctcbtm m autrcs pmkuencrnhchms, fml kal mskecrmkmr mvmbtucns hôvnhcs has pcrtnknpcbtms (afsmrvcàëa 3).  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ ∖  

Zradmta [nstmlcs lmlarncns tîkbnkas Cbãensm mxmkutnva prîvnc hashmpradmtas parMeîtrnkas, pcrtm hasnbkeunbha pcrtnknpcbtms hc rmubnëa   m autras hakulmbtas tmxtucns.  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Mskecrmknlmbta safrm c ar`cbnzcàëa m garlc hm utnenzcàëa has hakulmbtas hm pradmta   Ctc hc rmubnëa 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

Vmkalmbhc-sm c pcrtnknpcàëa ha Kabtrctcbtm, Kaarhmbchar ha pradmta, @mrmbtm hc Kabstrutarc, @mrmbtm hc Afrc, rmprmsmbtcbtm hc Nbstcecharc m Zradmtnstc.  Zradmtnstc.  

Zã`nbc ;0 ;0  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M ::6 - Zra`rclc fãsnka hm ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc. afrc.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm  

Vmcenzcàëa hm träs vnsntcs hm ckalpcboclmbta hc mxmkuàëa, kabgarlm mvmbtas prî-hmtmrlnbchas (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  3)   ∖  Zar akcsnëa ha nbìkna hc labtc`ml has snstmlcs meîtrnkas   ∖  Ba lalmbta ml qum c Kabstrutarc m a Zradmtnstc due`crml lcns kabvmbnmbtm, c smr hmtmrlnbcha ml kalul ckarha.   ∖  Zar akcsnëa hc kabkeusëa hc Afrc  

Kabstrutarc Kabstrutarc    Hchas Bmkmssãrnas Bmkmssãrnas    ∖  Zra`rclcàëa hcs vnsntcs, kal cbtmkmhäbknc lìbnlc hm smtm hncs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Vmectûrna tîkbnka kal pcrmkmrms safrm c qucenhchm `mrce hcs nbstcecàýms, has lctmrncns, hc lëa hm afrc m hmlcns ntmbs hm nbtmrmssm ha Kabtrctcbtm, kabgarlm ckarhcha pmecs pcrtms (afsmrvcàëa 3)  ∖  Gcx m m-lcnes kal ctcs m rmectûrnas pcrc tahas as nbtmrmsschas   ∖  Gatas kalmbtchcs hc afrc (qucbha pmrtnbmbtm)  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

A bôlmra hm vnsntcs hmvm smr kalpctìvme kal cs kcrcktmrìstnkcs m hnlmbsýms ha Mlprmmbhnlmbta m c rmlubmrcàëa ha pradmta Sucbha gar bmkmssãrna ul bôlmra lcnar hm vnsntcs au kcr`c oarãrnc lcnar hmvmrã smr mstcfmemknhc rmlubmrcàëa mspmkngnkc As ntmbs c smrml vmrngnkchas hmvml smr prmvnclmbtm mstcfmemknhas, hm garlc kalpctìvme kal a tmlpa hm vnsntc prîhmgnbnha (ml `mrce ba lãxnla hm ; oarcs). Xahas as ntmbs hmvmrëa mstcr ckmssìvmns pcrc nbspmàëa par akcsnëa hc vnsntc. Sucbha sm trctcr hm vnsntc garc ha Lubnkìpna [mhm hc Mlprmsc hm Zradmta hm Crquntmturc, as kustas kal trcbspartms, mstchnc, rmgmnàýms, trcbsecha m a tmlpa ha(s) tîkbnka(s) qum mxkmhmr ca prî-mstcfmemknha, hmvmrëa smr rmsscrknhas.

6. 

As ntmbs c smrml vmrngnkchas hmvml smr prmvnclmbtm mstcfmemknhas hm garlc kalpctìvme kal a tmlpa hm vnsntc mstcfmemknha, m hmvmrëa mstcr ckmssìvmns pcrc nbspmàëa bc akcsnëa hc vnsntc.

Zã`nbc ;? ;?  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M ::;- Mskecrmknlmbta hm hôvnhcs. hôvnhcs.  

[MVWNÀA[ M[[MBKNCN[ M[[MBKNCN[  

Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Ctnvnhchm   ∖  Mskecrmkmr mvmbtucns hôvnhcs safrm as pradmtas mecfarchas m suc utnenzcàëa, hmshm qum pcrc nssa bëa ocdc bmkmssnhchm hm hnen`äbknc mxtmrbc (Afsmrvcàýms 6 m ;)  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  [aenkntcbtm   [aenkntcbtm kecra mtmxtucns. afdmtnva,(Afsmrvcàëa cpûs cbãensm3)has pradmtas mxmkutnvas hm crquntmturc, nbkeusnvm has lmlarncns ∖  Sumstnabclmbta tîkbnkas m autrasgarlce hakulmbtas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Vmspastcs ês hôvnhcs m nbhc`càýms mbkclnbochcs pcrc a pradmtnstc   Cssnstäbknc, mskecrmknlmbta m pcrtnknpcàëa bcs hnskussýms rmectnvcs cas smrvnàas.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

As kabtctas pcrc mskecrmknlmbta bëa tmrëa kcrãtmr kcrãtm r nbstrutnva m hmvmrëa smlprm smr rmcenzchcs kal nbtmreakutar qucengnkcha m gclnencrnzcha kal snstmlcs meîtrnkas.  meîtrnkas.  6.  Vmkalmbhc-sm c pcrtnknpcàëa ha Kabtrctcbtm, Kaarhmbchar ha pradmta, @mrmbtm hc Kabstrutarc, @mrmbtm hc Afrc, rmprmsmbtcbtm hc Nbstcecharc m Zradmtnstc.  Zradmtnstc.   ;.  As ntmbs c smrml vmrngnkchas hmvml smr prmvnclmbtm mstcfmemknhas hm garlc kalpctìvme kal a tmlpa hm vnsntc mstcfmemknha, m hmvmrëa mstcr ckmssìvmns pcrc nbspmàëa bc akcsnëa hc vnsntc.  

Zã`nbc ;> ;>  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:3 - Cbãensm tîkbnkc hm prapastc hm garbmkmharms. garbmkmharms.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm Hcr supartm tîkbnka cas prakmssas hm rmkmfnlmbta, mqucenzcàëa m cbãensm hcs prapastcs hcs nbstcecharcs m autras garbmkmharms, nbkeunbha cs sm`unbtms ctnvnhchms4  ctnvnhchms4   ∖  Zrmpcrcàëa has tmxtas tîkbnkas pcrc nbkeusëa ba Mhntce hm Kabkarräbknc   ∖  Cssnstäbknc m mskecrmknlmbta hm hôvnhcs has prapabmbtms (Afsmrvcàëa 3)  ∖  Cbcensm tîkbnkc hcs prapastcs hm garbmkmharms, nbkeunbha mskecrmknlmbta m mqucenzcàëa saf as cspmktas tîkbnkas.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Kabtrctcbtm Kabtrctcbtm   ∖  Vmecàëa hm prapabmbtms qum smdcl ha nbtmrmssm ha Kabtrctcbtm  ∖  Hmgnbnàëa hc garlc hm kabtrctcàëa 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖  ∖ 

Xmxtas rmectnvas c cspmktas tîkbnkas pcrc nbkeusëa ba Mhntce hm Kabkarräbknc   Arnmbtcàëa m mskecrmknlmbta cas prapabmbtms   Zecbneoc kalpcrctnvc hcs kabhnàýms hm garbmknlmbta prapastcs 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

As kabtctas pcrc mskecrmknlmbta bëa tmrëa kcrãtmr nbstrutnva m hmvmrëa smlprm smr rmcenzchas kal nbtmreakutar qucengnkcha m gclnencrnzcha kal smrvnàas hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs.  meîtrnkcs.  

Zã`nbc 8: 8:  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:6 - Cbãensm hm saeuàýms cetmrbctnvcs. cetmrbctnvcs.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Cbãensm tîkbnkc m/au hm kustas hcs saeuàýms cetmrbctnvcs prapastcs pcrc as snstmlcs meîtrnkas, mbkclnbochas par su`mstëa hm autras pcrtnknpcbtms ha mlprmmbhnlmbta (afsmrvcàëa 3)  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖  Zrapastcs hm saeuàýms cetmrbctnvcs, hmvnhclmbtm nhmbtngnkchcs ml rmecàëa cas afdmtas trctchas fml kala ml rmecàëa

cas smus prapabmbtms. 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Vmectûrna hm cbãensm hcs saeuàýms prapastcs  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 83 83  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:; - Cetmrcàýms hm Zradmta. Zradmta.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Cetmrcàëa hm hakulmbtas hm pradmta par saenkntcàëa ha kenmbtm, hmvnha ê cetmrcàëa hm kabkmntas, lctmrncns, mqunpclmbtas m/au snstmlcs cbtmrnarlmbtm mstcfmemknhas, au cnbhc par su`mstýms hm cetmrcàëa hcs saeuàýms chatchcs (afsmrvcàëa 3).  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

Hakulmbtas qum prapabocl c cetmrcàëa has kabkmntas, lctmrncns, mqunpclmbtas m snstmlcs hngmrmbtms.  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Zradmta cetmrcha kabgarlm c saenkntcàëa (afsmrvcàëa 3). 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha, cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 86 86  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:8 - Ckalpcboclmbta tîkbnka hc afrc  afrc 

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc par lmna hm vnsntcs rm`uecrms au mvmbtucns, ceîl hcs prmvnclmbtm mstcfmemknhcs, kabgarlm pra`rclcàëa c smr mstcfmemknhc m rmecàëa hm ctnvnhchms saenkntchcs (afsmrvcàëa 3).  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

[aenkntcàëa garlce pcrc c rmcenzcàëa hm vnsntcs rm`uecrms au mxtrcarhnbãrncs  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Kulprnlmbta hcs ctnvnhchms ckarhchcs (afsmrvcàëa 3)   Vm`nstra hcs ctnvnhchms hmsmbvaevnhcs ml afrc au ml hmkarräbknc ha smrvnàa hm ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha, cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 8; 8;  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:= - Arnmbtcàëa safrm prakmhnlmbtas hm mxmkuàëa. mxmkuàëa.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Garbmkmr arnmbtcàëa tîkbnkc safrm tîkbnkcs m prakmssas kabstrutnvas, cpenkcàëa hm lctmrncns, ea`ìstnkc hm labtc`ml m/au rmcenzcàëa hm tmstms m mbscnas. 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  ∖ 

[aenkntcàëa rmecknabcbha as cspmktas qum bmkmssntcl hm arnmbtcàëa  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Nbgarlcàýms pcrc sufsìhna hc mxmkuàëa, bc garlc hm Vmectûrnas, Xrmnbclmbta, Kraquns, hnc`rclcs m/au autras (afsmrvcàëa 3) 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha, cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 88 88  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:7 - Vmkmfnlmbta m/au stcrt-up hm snstmlcs au ha mlprmmbhnlmbta. mlprmmbhnlmbta.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ctnvnhchms.   Nbspmàýms hm vmrngnkcàëa gnbce m/au ckalpcboclmbta ha stcrt-up hm snstmlcs, pahmbha cfrcb`mr cs sm`unbtms ctnvnhchms.  ∖  Wmrngnkcàëa hc kabkeusëa hc tatcenhchm has garbmknlmbtas m hm suc chmqucàëa  ∖  Ckalpcboclmbta has tmstms gnbcns m pcrtnhc (stcrt-up) hm snstmlcs   ∖  Labtc`ml hm pcstc tîkbnkc kabtmbha cs CVXs hm mxmkuàëa, hakulmbtcàëa tîkbnkc m tmrlas hm `crcbtnc has mqunpclmbtas.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Zradmta mxmkutnva hm [nstmlcs Meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha lmlarncns tîkbnkas m autras hakulmbtas tmxtucns.  

Nbstcecharc  Kabstrutarc au Nbstcecharc  ∖  Hakulmbtcàëa tîkbnkc m tmrlas hm `crcbtnc hm mqunpclmbtas m au snstmlcs chqunrnhas  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  ∖  ∖ 

Kulprnlmbta hcs ctnvnhchms ckarhchcs (afsmrvcàëa 3)   Vm`nstra hcs ctnvnhchms hmsmbvaevnhcs ml afrc au ml hmkarräbknc ha smrvnàa hm ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc   Zcstc hm hakulmbtcàëa `mrce hm snstmlcs m mqunpclmbtas 

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 8= 8=  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

M

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA 

MEM-M 6:0 - Hmsmboas hm ―Kala Kabstruìha“ (cs Funet).  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Mecfarcàëa hm ul da`a hm hmsmboas ha pradmta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, ctucenzchas kabgarlm cdustms m/au cetmrcàýms `mrchcs hurcbtm c mxmkuàëa hc afrc (afsmrvcàëa 3 m 6)   ∖  C prmpcrcàëa hm hmsmboas cs funet bëa nbkeun c vmrngnkcàëa tîkbnkc hm saeuàýms au hnlmbsnabclmbtas cetmrbctnvas qum passcl tmr snha chatchas sml cutarnzcàëa ha pradmtnstc, m qum bëa smrã rmspabsãvme par msscs lahngnkcàýms.  

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas 

Nbstcecharc   Kabstrutarc au Nbstcecharc ∖  Da`a kalpemta ha pradmta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, kabtmbha tahcs cs cbatcàýms hm cdustms m/au cetmrcàýms akarrnhcs, cssnbchcs pmea mb`mbomnra rmspabsãvme pmec nbstcecàëa hmssms snstmlcs.  

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖  Da`a kalpemta hm hmsmboas hm pradmta pra dmta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, ctucenzchas kabgarlm as smrvnàas garcl mxmkutchas mxmku tchas bc afrc.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. 

6. 

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs  tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, fml kala as prahutas c smrml `mrchas m suc garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  cprmsmbtcàëa.   C prmpcrcàëa hm hmsmboas cs funet bëa nbkeun c vmrngnkcàëa tîkbnkc hm saeuàýms au hnlmbsnabclmbtas cetmrbctnvas qum passcl tmr snha chatchas sml cutarnzcàëa ha pradmtnstc. Zartcbta, cnbhc qum gcàc as hmsmboas hm cs funet , bëa smrã rmspabsãvme par msscs lahngnkcàýms bëa cutarnzchcs.  cutarnzchcs.  

Zã`nbc 87 87  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

M

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[  ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HA ZVADMXA  ZVADMXA  MEM-M 6:? - [ufsìhnas pcrc mecfarcàëa hm lcbuce hm utnenzcàëa m lcbutmbàëa hcs nbstcecàýms  nbstcecàýms   meîtrnkcs.  meîtrnkcs. 

GC[M

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  [ufsìhnas pcrc mecfarcàëa hm lcbuce hm utnenzcàëa m lcbutmbàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas  meîtrnkas  

Bmkmssãrnas   Hchas Bmkmssãrnas tmxtucns.   ∖  Zradmta mxmkutnva has snstmlcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs, nbkeunbha lmlarncns tîkbnkas m autras hakulmbtas tmxtucns. 

Zrahutas @mrchas @mrchas  

[ufsìhnas pcrc a lcbuce hm apmrcàëa m lcbutmbàëa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas, kabtmbha cs nbgarlcàýms m arnmbtcàýms bmkmssãrncs pcrc c lmeoar utnenzcàëa m prmsmrvcàëa has snstmlcs qum as mbvaevm, mqunpclmbtas, nbkeunbha4   ∖  Hmskrnàëa hcs kcrcktmrìstnkcs hm kchc snstmlc m mqunpclmbtas, nbkeusnvm hakulmbtcàëa tîkbnkc   lcbutmbàëa.  ∖  Zrakmhnlmbtas m kunhchas hm apmrcàëa, usa m lcbutmbàëa.  ∖  Vmecàëa has garbmkmharms utnenzchas bc afrc  afrc  ∖  @crcbtncs has lctmrncns m mqunpclmbtas utnenzchas bc afrc  afrc   `crcbtnc  ∖  Xmrla hm `crcbtnc 

Afsmrvcàýms Afsmrvcàýms  

Zã`nbc 80 80  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

GC[M   GC[M

AFVC   ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HC AFVC Afdmtnva4 Afdmtnva4   Cbcenscr m cvcencr a kalpartclmbta hc mhngnkcàëa ml usa pcrc vmrngnkcr m rmcgnrlcr sm as kabhnknabcbtms m prmssupastas hm pradmta garcl chmquchas m sm mvmbtucns cetmrcàýms, rmcenzchcs ml afrc, mstëa kalpctìvmns kal cs mxpmktctnvcs ha mlprmmbhmhar m hm akupcàëa has usuãrnas.  usuãrnas.  

Zã`nbc 8? 8?  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

G

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HC AFVC  AFVC 

MEM-G 6:3 - Ctnvnhchms hm Cvcencàëa m /au Cssmssarnc. Cssmssarnc.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Ctnvnhchms hm cvcencàëa ha gubknabclmbta, mstcha au hmsmlpmboa has snstmlcs meîtrnkas m/au cssmssarnc rmectnvc cas

snstmlcs meîtrnkas. Mssms smrvnàas smrëa rmcenzchas par lmna hm vnsntcs, rmubnýms m/au autras tnpas hm ctnvnhchms (afsmrvcàëa 3)  3) 

Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  Bmkmssãrnas  Nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs meîtrnkcs   tmxtucns.   ∖  Zradmta mxmkutnva hm [nstmlcs Meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha lmlarncns tîkbnkas m autras hakulmbtas tmxtucns.  Nbstcechar   funet   ∖  Hmsmboas hm gcfrnkcàëa bc kabhnàëa hm cs funet  Kabtrctcbtm / Mlprmmbhmhar   lcbutmbàëa).  ∖  Lcbuce ha Zraprnmtãrna (apmrcàëa m lcbutmbàëa). 

@mrchas  Zrahutas @mrchas  ∖  ∖ 

Kulprnlmbta hcs ctnvnhchms mstcfmemknhcs (afsmrvcàëa 3)  3)  Vm`nstra hcs ctnvnhchms hmsmbvaevnhcs ba mlprmmbhnlmbta au ml hmkarräbknc has smrvnàas saenkntchas.  saenkntchas.  

Afsmrvcàýms   Afsmrvcàýms 3. A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha m cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, as prahutas c smrml `mrchas, fml kala c garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa.  

Zã`nbc 8> 8>  

;´ Mhnàëa  

N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs 

GC[M

G

ZÛ[-MBXVM@C HC AFVC  AFVC 

MEM-G 6:6 - Zradmtas hm Cetmrcàýms. Cetmrcàýms.  

AZKNABCN[  [MVWNÀA[ AZKNABCN[ 

Ctnvnhchm   Hmskrnàëa hc Ctnvnhchm ∖  Cetmrcàëa au mecfarcàëa hm bavas hakulmbtas hm pradmta par saenkntcàëa ha kenmbtm, ml gubàëa hm cetmrcàýms hm

kabhnknabcbtms, lctmrncns, mqunpclmbtas m/au snstmlcs nbstcechas (afsmrvcàëa 3).  3).  

Bmkmssãrnas  Hchas Bmkmssãrnas  meîtrnkcs   Nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs ∖ 

Zradmta mxmkutnva hm [nstmlcs Meîtrnkas, nbkeunbha lmlarncns tîkbnkas m autras hakulmbtas tmxtucns.  tmxtucns.  

Nbstcechar   ∖  Hmsmboas hm gcfrnkcàëa bc kabhnàëa hm cs funet  funet   Kabtrctcbtm / Mlprmmbhmhar   ∖  Lcbuce ha Zraprnmtãrna (apmrcàëa m lcbutmbàëa).  lcbutmbàëa). 

Zrahutas @mrchas  @mrchas  ∖ 

Zradmta cetmrcha au kalpemlmbtcha kabgarlm saenkntcàëa (afsmrvcàëa 3)  3) 

Afsmrvcàýms  Afsmrvcàýms  3.

A kabtrctcbtm m a pradmtnstc hmvmrëa hmgnbnr, hm kalul ckarha, cbtms ha nbìkna has smrvnàas, qucns smrëa as afdmtnvas, cs tcrmgcs m rm`nlms hm trcfceoa c smrml kulprnhas, as prahutas c smrml `mrchas, fml kala c garlc hm cprmsmbtcàëa. Hmvmrã smr gmnta kabtcta kal a pradmtnstc rmspabsãvme pmea pradmta nbnknce, qucbha as lmslas bëa garml hm suc rmspabscfnenhchm.

Zã`nbc =: =:  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs

M[KAZA[ ZCVC CXMBHNLMBXA Ê BAVLC HM HM[MLZMBOA  HM[MLZMBOA 

ZVADMXA[ KABGAVLM BFV 3==0= 3==0=   Afdmtnva4   Afdmtnva4 Hmskrmvmr as ntmbs hm mskapa hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs pcrc ctmbhnlmbta cas rmqunsntas hc CFBX BFV 3==0=46:3;  3==0=46:3;   Zcrc cpancr ba mbtmbhnlmbta hmstm kcpìtuea, rmkalmbhclas c kabsuetc ha hakulmbta @]NC ZCVC ]XNENTCÀËA HA[ M[KAZA[ HM ZVADMXA HM MHNGNKCÀÝM[ OCFNXCKNABCN[ ZCVC CXMBHNLMBXA Ê CFBX BFV 3==0=46:3;, hnspabìvme ba  ba   sntm  www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr   sntm

Zã`nbc =3 =3  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs 3. NHMBXNGNKCÀËA HM VN[KA[ ZVMWN[ÌWMN[ BA MLZVMMBHNLMBXA ML VMECÀËA CA ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEÎXVNKC[

CFBX BFV 3==0= Zcrtm 3 =.8  Kabstrutar m nbkarparchar =.8.3 [ceva kabvmbàëa mskrntc, î hc nbkulfäbknc ha nbkarparchar, hm smus prmpastas m/au has

pradmtnstcs mbvaevnhas, hmbtra hm sucs rmspmktnvcs kalpmtäbkncs, m bëa hc mlprmsc kabstrutarc, c nhmbtngnkcàëa has rnskas prmvnsìvmns bc îpakc ha pradmta, hmvmbha a nbkarparchar, bmstm kcsa, pravnhmbkncr as mstuhas tîkbnkas rmqumrnhas m pravmr cas hngmrmbtms pradmtnstcs cs nbgarlcàýms bmkmssãrncs. Kala rnskas prmvnsìvmns, mxmlpengnkc-sm4 prmsmbàc hm ctmrra scbntãrna bc ãrmc hm nlpecbtcàëa ha mlprmmbhnlmbta, kabtclnbcàëa ha embàae grmãtnka, prmsmbàc hm c`mbtms c`rmssnvas ba saea m autras rnskas clfnmbtcns.

Vnskas prmvnsìvmns3 rmectnvas ca mlprmmbhnlmbta qum passcl cgmtcr a pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs Zahm-sm kntcr kala rnskas prmvnsìvmns qum pahml cgmtcr a pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs4   Akarräbknc hm mbkombtms m cec`clmbtas ba eakce ha mlprmmbhnlmbta9

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  Akarräbknc hm kouvc hm `rcbnza, bmvm au `mchc9

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  Akarräbknc hm tmlpmrcturcs m/au ulnhchm ha cr mxtrmlcs qum passcl nbtmrgmrnr ml akarräbknc hm memtrnknhchm

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mstãtnkc au autrcs sntucàýms9

m spmknce qum hmtmrlnbml c bmkmssnhchm hm nsaeclmbta ckôstnka hm   Zrmsmbàc hm mhngnkcàýms vnznbocs hm usa mspmknce

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mqunpclmbtas9

  Zraxnlnhchm hm rmhms hm cetc tmbsëa9

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  Autrcs.

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Mskapa ha pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs pcrc ctmbhnlmbta c mstm rmqunsnta4   Nhmbtngnkcr as rnskas prmvnsìvmns rmectnvas c cspmktas ha tmrrmba au hc nlpecbtcàëa ha mlprmmbhnlmbta qum passc

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cgmtcr as snstmlcs prmhncns meîtrnkas9   Nhmbtngnkcr as mstuhas tîkbnkas6 bmkmssãrnas pcrc mlfcscr a pradmta hm snstmlcs prmhncns meîtrnkas m nbhnkcr tcns

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mstuhas par mskrnta ca nbkarparchar/praprnmtãrna ha mlprmmbhnlmbta m ê kabstrutarc sm mstc dã mstnvmr hmgnbnhc9

3 Batc4 c barlc hm hmsmlpmboa bëa hmgnbm a qum smdcl rnskas prmvnsìvmns. A mbtmbhnlmbta tîkbnka î hm qum mstms rnskas smdcl cqumems qum sm

tarbcl prmvnsìvmns par mxnstnrml gabtms hm hchas m/au nbgarlcàýms au kabomknlmbta qum pmrlntcl ca pragnssnabce mspmkncenzcha scfmr qum oã ulc prafcfnenhchm hm akarräbknc hcqumec sntucàëa. 6 Batc4 Kcsa ul mstuha tîkbnka nbhnkcha pmea pradmtnstc kala bmkmssãrna bëa vmboc c smr kabtrctcha pmea nbkarparchar/kabstrutar a pradmtnstc

hmvmrã cvcencr kabvmbnmbtmlmbtm as rnskas hc nbmxnstäbknc hmstms mstuhas pahmbha, hncbtm hmstc bm`ctnvc, bëa hmsmbvaevmr a pradmta au hmsmbvaevä-ea rm`nstrcbha ba lmlarnce c gcetc hm prmknsëa kala kabsmquäbknc hc bëa rmcenzcàëa has mstuhas.

Zã`nbc =6 =6  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs   Sucbha saenkntcha, cssmssarcr a kabtrctcbtm bc nhmbtngnkcàëa hm pragnssnabcns au mlprmscs kcpckntchas pcrc c

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rmcenzcàëa has mstuhas tîkbnkas bmkmssãrnas9

  Ckalpcbocr c rmcenzcàëa hmstms mstuhas vnscbha cssm`urcr qum smdcl chmquchas pcrc a pradmta (nbtmrcàëa kal

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quml rmcenzc as mstuhas m kal c kaarhmbcàëa hc nbkarparcharc/kabstrutarc)9

  Cbcenscr as rmsuetchas has mstuhas m rm`nstrcr suc cbãensm ml lmlarnce hmskrntnva hm pradmta kal cs

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kabsnhmrcàýms bmkmssãrncs pcrc cs saeuàýms hm pradmta c smrml chatchcs9

  Hmskrmvmr ml lmlarnce hmskrntnva cs dustngnkctnvcs pcrc cs saeuàýms hm pradmta (snstmlcs chatchas) pcrc lntn`cr

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as rnskas lmbknabchas nhmbtngnkchas9

  Nbhnkcr m arnmbtcr mvmbtucns lmhnhcs qum smdcl bmkmssãrncs ml autrcs mspmkncenhchms hm pradmta kal nlpckta

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safrm as snstmlcs prmhncns meîtrnkas9

  Hmskrmvmr m arnmbtcr cs kabhutcs bmkmssãrncs pcrc qum c `mstëa hc afrc cssm`urm hm gcta a kabtraem safrm as

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gctarms hm rnska9

  Nhmbtngnkcr kal prmknsëa cs hctcs hm rmcenzcàëa has mstuhas nbhnkchas.

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6. NHMBXNGNKCÀËA M VM@N[XVA BA[ HAK]LMBXA[ HM ZVADMXA HC[ BAVLC[ S]M CGMXCL A ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEMXVNKC[ A pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvmrã nhmbtngnkcr m rmecknabcr ba lmlarnce hmskrntnva, au ml autra hakulmbta hm pradmta, tahcs cs emns m cs barlcs tîkbnkcs ctmbhnhcs, kal smu bôlmra CFBX au, sm barlc mspmkìgnkc hc CFBX bëa mxnstnr, safrm hmtmrlnbchc pcrtm ha qum î mskapa ha pradmta hm pcnsc`nsla, a bôlmra hm barlc tîkbnkc mstrcb`mnrc chatchc (kala gckuetc c barlc hm hmsmlpmboa bmstms kcsas), a tìtuea m hctc hm mbtrchc ml vn`ar hm kchc barlc rmgmrnhc.

Zã`nbc =; =;  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs ;.  VMS]N[NXA[ M KVNXÎVNA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[ ZCVC A ZVADMXA HM NB[XCECÀÝM[ MEÎXVNKC[ ;.3 Vmqunsntas hm [m`urcbàc Kabtrc Nbkäbhna  Nbkäbhna 

CFBX BFV 3==0=-3 ?.6.3 Krntîrnas pcrc hngnkuetcr a prnbkìpna ha nbkäbhna ?.6.3.3 Zratmàëa kabtrc kabtrc hmskcr`cs ctlasgîrnkcs As mhngìknas luetngclnencrms hmvml smr pravnhas hm pratmàëa kabtrc hmskcr`cs ctlasgîrnkcs, ctmbhmbha ca mstcfmemknha bc CFBX BFV =83> m hmlcns Barlcs Frcsnemnrcs cpenkãvmns, bas kcsas prmvnstas bc em`nsecàëa vn`mbtm.

?.6.3.6 Zratmàëa kabtrc rnska hm n`bnàëa bcs nbstcecàýms nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs Cs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hcs mhngnkcàýms ocfntcknabcns hmvml smr pradmtchcs hm ckarha kal c CFBX BFV =83: m Barlcs Frcsnemnrcs cpenkãvmns. BAXC4 Vmkalmbhc-sm mvntcr a rnska hm n`bnàëa has lctmrncns ml gubàëa hm kurta-knrkuntas m safrmtmbsýms. Mskapa4 abgarlm prmvnsta   A pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvmrã hmkecrcr a ctmbhnlmbta c tahcs cs barlcs pmrtnbmbtms kkabgarlm

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ba ntml 6 emtrc n9

  A rnska kabgarlm c batc ha ntml ?.6.3.6 prmssupým qum cs kcr`cs kabsnhmrchcs pcrc hnlmbsnabclmbta smdcl

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mxpenkntchcs cas usuãrnas, ml enb`uc`ml chmquchc, kal nbstruàýms safrm c pranfnàëa hm cetmrcàëa bas snstmlcs meîtrnkas qum krnml as rnskas hm safrmtmbsýms m kurta-knrkuntas. Zcrc tcbta a pradmta hmvmrã cprmsmbtcr kal kecrmzc cs kcr`cs kabsnhmrchcs prapnkncbha qum c nbkarparcharc/kabstrutarc cprmsmbtm ba Lcbuce hm usa, apmrcàëa m lcbutmbàëa4   Emvcbtclmbta hm mqunpclmbtas (memtrahalîstnkas) pcssìvmns hm utnenzcàëa ba pchrëa ha mlprmmbhnlmbta c

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smr pradmtcha, hm laha c prakurcr ctmbhmr hc lmeoar garlc passìvme as pchrýms hm lmrkcha hm usa hm mqunpclmbtas. A lmlarnce hmvm cprmsmbtcr mstm emvcbtclmbta m cs kcr`cs gnbcelmbtm kabsnhmrchcs cpûs hmgnbnàëa kal c nbkarparcharc.

CFBX BFV 3==0=-; ?.;.; Krnt Krntîrna îrna ‛ [mec`ml kartc-ga`a bcs prulchcs meîtrnkcs m onhrãuenkcs Cs cfmrturcs mxnstmbtms bas pnsas pcrc cs trcbspasnàýms hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs m onhrãuenkcs, hmvml smr hatchcs hm smec`ml kartc-ga`a, cprmsmbtcbha tmlpa hm rmsnstäbknc ca ga`a nhäbtnka ca rmqumrnha pcrc a snstmlc hm pnsa, emvcbha ml kabsnhmrcàëa c ceturc hc mhngnkcàëa. ?.;.8 Lîtaha hm ccvcencà vcencàëa ëa C rmsnstäbknc ca ga`a hc smec`ml kartc-ga`a, kabsnhmrchc kala ul tnpa hm vmhchar, v mhchar, hmvm smr kalpravchc par lmna hm mbscnas kabgarlm c CFBX BFV 780>.

Mskapa4   A pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvmrã nbhnkcr ca kabtrctcbtm c bmkmssnhchm hm qum smdcl mspmkngnkchas as

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lctmrncns hm smec`ml kartc-ga`a ba kcsa hm trcbspasnàëa hm tufuecàýms ml pnsas, kabsnhmrcbha a XVVG - Xmlpa Vmqumrnha hm Vmsnstäbknc ca Ga`a bmkmssãrna sm`ubha a tnpa hm usa m c ceturc hc mhngnkcàëa, kabgarlm c em`nsecàëa

Zã`nbc =8 =8  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs m sm`ubha c CFBX BFV 388;6. As lctmrncns mspmkngnkchas hmvml tmr XVG  ‛ Xmlpa hm Vmsnstäbknc ca Ga`a kalpravcha par rmectûrna hm mbscna.

AF[MVWCÀËA4 sm`ubha a rmqunsnta `mrce hm hngnkuetcr c prapc`càëa hm koclcs a pradmta hmvm mbgctnzcr c bmkmssnhchm hm sm utnenzcr memtrahutas ml kabgarlnhchm ê CFBX BFV 3=.87= - [nstmlcs hm memtrahutas peãstnkas

pcrc nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hm fcnxc tmbsëa - Vmqunsntas hm hmsmlpmboa, nbhnkcbha tmxtucelmbtm c pranfnàëa hm utnenzcr memtrahutas kal lctmrncns qum prapc`uml koclcs.

Eulìbnka  ;.6 Vmqunsntas hm Hmsmlpmboa Eulìbnka  CFBX BFV 3==0=-3 3;.;.3 Krntîrna ‛ Bìvmns lìbnlas hm neulnbcàëa crtngnknce As bìvmns `mrcns hm neulnbcàëa pralavnhas bcs hngmrmbtms hmpmbhäbkncs has mhngìknas ocfntcknabcns par neulnbcàëa crtngnknce hmvml ctmbhmr ca hnspasta bc Xcfmec 7.

Mskapa4 neuln bcàëa, a pradmta nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvm nbhnkcr   Bcs ãrmcs kalubs qucbha bëa oã ul pradmta mspmkìgnka hm neulnbcàëa,

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a tnpa hm eælpchcs c smrml chatchcs bcs patäbkncs prmvnstcs pcrc as pabtas hm neulnbcàëa c gnl hm qum smdcl ctmbhnhas as vcearms prmvnstas bc tcfmec 79

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  Bcs ãrmcs prnvctnvcs, bc cusäbknc hm ul pradmta mspmkìgnka hm neulnbcàëa, hmvmrëa smr nbhnkchcs ba pradmta hm

snstmlcs meîtrnkas cs arnmbtcàýms hm qucbtnhchm m tnpas hm eælpchcs qum as usuãrnas hmvmrëa nbstcecr pcrc qum as bìvmns prmvnstas bc Xcfmec 7 smdcl ctmbhnhas9 AF[MVWCÀËA4 a pradmtnstc hmvmrã arnmbtcr c nbkarparcharc/kabstrutarc safrm as bìvmns lìbnla, nbtmrlmhnãrna m supmrnar hmstm rmqunsnta c gnl hm qum smdc prmvnsta a bìvme c ctmbhmr hmshm a nbìkna ha pradmta.

Hurcfnenhchm  ;.;. Vmqunsntas hm Hurcfnenhchm    Kcfm cas pradmtas hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs kabsnhmrcr cs kabhnàýms hm mxpasnàëa qum cgmtcl as snstmlcs m

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kalpabmbtms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm hm mspmkngnkcàëa, cbcenscbha cs praprnmhchms m kcrcktmrìstnkcs bmkmssãrncs pcrc gczmr grmbtm c mstcs kabhnàýms m hmgnbnbha mspmkngnkcàýms qum smdcl cpraprnchcs c mstcs kabhnàýms hm mxpasnàëa.

  Kcfm cas pradmtas hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs ctmbhmr kabhnàýms mspmkìgnkcs rmecknabchcs c hurcfnenhchm,

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mstcfmemknhcs bc CFBX BFV 3==0= qucbta ês mspmkngnkcàýms saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm.

  Zcrc qum c W]Z  ‛ Wnhc ôtne hm pradmta (W]Z) lìbnlc, prmvnstc bc CFBX BFV 3==0= smdc ctmbhnhc ba qum hnz

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rmspmnta ca pradmta hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas, hmvml smr hmenlntchcs cs rmspabscfnenhchms pmecs mspmkngnkcàýms bas snstmlcs, gnkcbha kecra qum c W]Z hmstms snstmlcs hmpmbhm cnbhc hm autrcs mspmkngnkcàýms qum bëa salmbtm cs qum sëa hmsmbvaevnhcs pmea pradmta kala c mxmkuàëa hc afrc, par mxmlpea. Zcrc ctmbhnlmbta has krntîrnas hm W]Z bas snstmlcs saf suc rmspabscfnenhchm hm mspmkngnkcàëa î bmkmssãrna4   Sum cs barlcs tîkbnkcs hm pradmta m barlcs hm mspmkngnkcàëa qum nbknhml safrm a pradmta hm snstmlcs

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prmhncns meîtrnkas m cgmtcl c vnhc ôtne hc mhngnkcàëa m has snstmlcs par mem mspmkngnkchas smdcl ctmbhnhcs9

Zã`nbc == ==  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs   Sum cs kabhnàýms hm mxpasnàëa m usa qum cgmtcl c vnhc ôtne smdcl emvchcs ml kabtc pcrc mspmkngnkcr

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lctmrncns, kalpabmbtms m snstmlcs pcrc qum tmbocl cs praprnmhchms chmquchcs pcrc gczmr grmbtm c mstcs kabhnàýms9

  Sum a pradmta cprmsmbtm rmkalmbhcàýms mspmkìgnkcs hm mxmkuàëa/nbstcecàëa has snstmlcs mspmkngnkchas au

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rmlmtc pcrc barlcs tîkbnkcs hm mxmkuàëa mxmkuà ëa m/au rmkalmbhcàýms has gcfrnkcbtms9   Sum a pradmta nbhnqum kabhnàýms hm usa m lcbutmbàëa mspmkìgnkcs rmectnvcs cas pradmtas hm snstmlcs prmhncns,

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qum hmvml smr garbmknhcs pmec kabstrutarc ba Lcbuce hm usa m lcbutmbàëa (nbkeusnvm enlntcàýms hm usa sm gar a kcsa).

;.8 Vmqunsntas hm Chmqucàëa Clfnmbtce  Clfnmbtce  As rmqunsntas hm chmqucàëa clfnmbtce sm rmgmrml c kabhnàýms hm rmkalmbhcàýms vnscbha a usa hm lctmrncns kkal al knkea hm vnhc hm fcnxa nlpckta clfnmbtce, ca usa rcknabce hc ã`uc m mgnknäbknc mbmr`îtnkc. Cs saeuàýms m mspmkngnkcàýms hm snstmlcs prmhncns hmvml, bc lmhnhc ha passìvme, fuskcr a ctmbhnlmbta hmstcs rmkalmbhcàýms. Mspmkngnkclmbtm pcrc as pradmtas hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkc tmlas4

CFBX BFV-3==0=-3 Vmqunsnta 3?.= Kabsula hm mbmr`nc ba usa m akupcàëa hc ocfntcàëa Cs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvml prnvnem`ncr c chaàëa hm saeuàýms, kcsa c kcsa, qum lnbnlnzml a kabsula hm mbmr`nc, mbtrm mecs c utnenzcàëa hm neulnbcàëa m vmbtnecàëa bcturce m hm snstmlcs hm cqumknlmbta fcsmchas ml mbmr`nc cetmrbctnvc. Kabvîl c chaàëa hm saeuàýms qum lnbnlnzml a kabsula hm mbmr`nc, mbtrm mecs c utnenzcàëa hm neulnbcàëa m vmbtnecàëa bcturce m hm snstmlcs hm cqumknlmbta fcsmchas ml mbmr`nc cetmrbctnvc. Xcns rmkalmbhcàýms hmvml tclfîl smr cpenkchcs cas cpcrmeoas m mqunpclmbtas utnenzchas hurcbtm c mxmkuàëa hc afrc m ba usa ha nlûvme (`unbkoas, smrrcs, `rucs, cpcrmeoas hm neulnbcàëa, memtrahalîstnkas, memvcharms, snstmlcs hm rmgrn`mrcàëa mtk.)

Mskapa4 Zcrc ctmbhmr mstm rmqunsnta a pradmta hm nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs hmvm utnenzcr-sm hm saeuàýms m mspmkngnkcàýms qum pralavcl c mgnknäbknc mbmr`îtnkc, nbhnkcbha mstcs saeuàýms ml lmlarnce hmskrntnva.

Zã`nbc =7 =7  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs  N bstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs CBM_A N - ZVADMXA[ M [MVWNÀA[ M[ZMKÌGNKA[ M AZKNABCN[ [AENKNXCHA[  [AENKNXCHA[  ZVADMXA4 EAKCE4

ÃVMC HA XMVVMBA4 KCVCKXMVÌ[XNKC[ @MVCN[ HA ZVADMXA4 Hmskrnàëa ha mlprmmbhnlmbta nbhnkcbha cs sucs kcrcktmrìstnkcs prnbknpcns tcns kala bôlmra hm feakas, bôlmra hm Zcvnlmbtas, bôlmra hm ubnhchms, quchra hm ãrmc kabstruìhc, m qucbha pmrtnbmbtm, cs kabhnàýms mspmkìgnkcs hm trctclmbta hm cr rmqumrnhcs (tmlpmrcturc, ulnhchm, gnetrc`ml, prmssurnzcàëa, `mrcàëa hm paeumbtms, mtk.)4  mtk.)4  

Zã`nbc =0 =0  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs [

B

  Р Ð

[  

Ð

GC[M C 

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MEM- C ::3 - Cbãensm has Kabhnknabcbtms Eakcns 

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MEM-C ::6 - Kabsuetc c kabkmssnabãrnc hm smrvnàa pôfenka. 

B

GC[M F 

 

MEM-F ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm Clfnmbtms m Mspcàas Xîkbnkas. 

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Ð

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MEM-F ::6 - Kabsuetc cs Kabkmssnabãrncs hm [mrvnàas Zôfenkas. 

 

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MEM-F 6:3 - Cssmssarnc pcrc chaàëa hm h m bavcs tmkbaea`ncs.  

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[   Р Р Р Ð

[   Р Р Р Р

Ð

             

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B

GC[M K 

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MEM-K ::3 - Zasnknabclmbta has pabtas meîtrnkas.  

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MEM-K ::6 - Hmgnbnàëa m ecyaut hm scecs tîkbnkcs. 

 

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MEM-K ::; - Xrcàcha hm enbocs meîtrnkcs prnbknpcns. MEM-K ::8 - Kabsuetc cs kabkmssnabãrncs hm smrvnàas pôfenkas. 

B

GC[M H 

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MEM-H ::3 - Hmgnbnàëa hm knrkuntas, hnlmbsnabclmbtas meîtrnkas `mrcns m pradmta hm quchras m pcnbîns meîtrnkas. 

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MEM-H ::6 - Zecbtcs hm hnstrnfunàëa meîtrnkc. 

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MEM-H ::; - Zrmpcrcàëa hm msqumlcs vmrtnkcns hc nbstcecàëa. 

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MEM-H ::8 - Hmtceoclmbta hm clfnmbtms m kmbtrcns tîkbnkcs.  

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MEM-H ::= - Mecfarcàëa hm lmlarncns m mspmkngnkcàýms.  

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MEM-H 3:3 - Kalpctnfnenzcàëa m kaarhmbcàëa kal pradmtas hm snstmlcs meîtrnkas kalpemlmbtcrms  

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MEM-H 3:6 - Zradmta hm snstmlc hm mbmr`nc ml cetc tmbsëa. 

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MEM-H 3:; - Zradmta hm snstmlcs hm mbmr`nc mb mr`nc kabgncfnenzchc. 

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MEM-H 6:3 - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbtcs hm lcrkcàëa hm ecdms.  

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MEM-H 6:6 - Wmrngnkcàëa hc chmqucàëa m kabgarlnhchm hm memlmbtas, snstmlcs m/au kalpabmbtms. 

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MEM-H 6:; - Hmtceoclmbta hm labtc`ml hm nbstcecàëa ml socgts. 

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MEM-H 6:8 - Lcrkcàëa m mspmkngnkcàëa hm supartms. 

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MEM-H 6:= - Mecfarcàëa hm pecbneoc hm qucbtnhchms hm lctmrncns.  MEM-H 6:7 - Mecfarcàëa hm aràclmbta  

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MEM -H 6:0- Zrmpcrcàëa hm lmlarnce hm pcrælmtras hm hnlmbsnabclmbta.  

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MEM-H 6:? - Mecfarcàëa hm lnbutcs kabtrctucns.  

B

GC[M M 

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MEM-M ::3 - Cprmsmbtcàëa ha pradmta.  

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MEM-M ::6 - Zra`rclc fãsnka hm ckalpcboclmbta hc afrc. 

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MEM-M ::;- Mskecrmknlmbta hm hôvnhcs.  

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MEM-M 6:3 - Cbãensm tîkbnkc hm prapastc hm garbmkmharms. 

[   Р Р

Ð

             

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MEM-M 6:6 - Cbãensm hm saeuàýms cetmrbctnvcs.  

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MEM-M 6:; - Cetmrcàýms hm Zradmta.  

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MEM-M 6:8 - Ckalpcboclmbta tîkbnka hc afrc  

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MEM-M 6:= - Arnmbtcàëa safrm prakmhnlmbtas hm mxmkuàëa.  

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MEM-M 6:7 - Vmkmfnlmbta m/au stcrt-up hm snstmlcs au ha mlprmmbhnlmbta. 

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MEM-M 6:0 - Hmsmboas hm ―Kala Kabstruìha“ (cs Funet). 

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MEM-M 6:? - [ufsìhnas pcrc mecfarcàëa hm lcbuce hm utnenzcàëa m lcbutmbàëa hcs nbstcecàýms meîtrnkcs.  

[

B

GC[M G 

   

   

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MEM-G 6:3 - Ctnvnhchms hm Cvcencàëa m / au Cssmssarnc. 

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MEM-G 6:6 - Zradmtas hm Cetmrcàýms.  

Zã`nbc =? =?  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs BAVLC[ XÎKBNKC[  XÎKBNKC[  As pradmtas hmvml smr hmsmbvaevnhas hm ckarha kal cs Barlcs Xîkbnkcs vn`mbtms. Ba mbtcbta, î prmknsa hmstckcr c CFBX BFV 3==0=, qum cprmsmbtc ulc sîrnm hm rmspabscfnenhchms, cas pradmtnstcs, nbkarparcharms m kabstrutarms. A

mskapa ha qum hmvm smr kabsnhmrcha ml kchc pradmta, pcrc ctmbhnlmbta ê CFBX BFV 3==0=, mstã hnspabìvme ba kcpìtuea Mskapas pcrc ctmbhnlmbtas ê Barlc hm Hmsmlpmboa, ha rmspmktnva Lcbuce. Ba sntm hc KFNK (Kælcrc Frcsnemnrc hc Nbhôstrnc hc Kabstruàëa) mstã ms tã hnspabnfnenzchc c rmecàëa hcs barlcs tîkbnkcs cpenkãvmns c mhngnkcàýms, smpcrchcs par tmlc m gcsm hm hmsmbvaevnlmbta ha mlprmmbhnlmbta, hmshm c hmknsëa hm mlprmmbhmr.

www.kfnk.ar`.fr/barlcshckabstrukca

Zã`nbc => =>  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs C@VCHMKNLMBXA[   C@VCHMKNLMBXA[ C prahuàëa has Lcbucns hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas mbvaevm ulc mqunpm luetnhnsknpenbcr qum, oã qucsm 6: cbas, sm rmôbm pcrc c kalpctnfnenzcàëa hm vnsýms m prakmhnlmbtas.  prakmhnlmbtas.  

Hmssm msgaràa hm cfbm`chas, rmprmsmbtcbtms hm sucs kctm`arncs pragnssnabcns, sur`nu a kabsmbsa bmkmssãrna m gubhclmbtce pcrc c kabstruàëa hm ul hakulmbta hm arnmbtcàëa pcrc taha a smtar nlafnenãrna.   Bassas c`rchmknlmbtas ês mbtnhchms m pragnssnabcns qum pcrtnknpcrcl hmstm em`cha. em`cha.  

CX]CE    ZCVXNKNZCBXM[ HC MHNÀËA (@X- M[KAZA HM[MLZMBOA, mlCX]CE ctmbhnlmbta ê CFBX BFV 3==0=)  3==0=)  @mrce   Kaarhmbcàëa @mrce [mkavn-[Z

Kcreas Cefmrta hm Larcms Far`ms Lcrkas Wmeemtrn  Wmeemtrn  Fnttmbkaurt  Zctrnknc Fnttmbkaurt 

Kabsuetarc tîkbnkc

Lcrnc Cb`menkc Kavmea [nevc  [nevc 

Xîkbnka  Cpana Xîkbnka  [nbhusKab-[Z

Dar`m Fcteaubn Bmta  Bmta  Vmbcta @mbnaen Dr. Dr.   Nimdnrn  Duencbc Hncs Nimdnrn 

Mbtnhchms hm Zradmta  Zradmta  CFCZ

Lcrtoc @cvnëa  @cvnëa 

CFH

Fncbic Lu`bctta  Lu`bctta 

CFMKM

Lcrkmea Vazmlfmr`  Vazmlfmr` 

CFM@

Necb @atnmf  @atnmf 

CFVC[NZ

[mr`na Ictmr  

CGMCE

Euns Keãuhna Wnmstn  Wnmstn 

C@M[K

Kmkìenc Emvy  Emvy  Kybtonc Iclmn Eìvnc Frc`c  Frc`c 

C[FMC

Kecuhnc Eapms  Eapms  Gneoa   Ombrnqum Kclfnc`on Gneoa

NFN

Dasî Ln`ume Lar`cha  Lar`cha 

ZVACK][XNKC

Hcvn Ciimrlcb  Ciimrlcb  Xcentc Zazzmr  

Zã`nbc 7: 7:  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs Mlprmscs Kaecfarcharcs  Kaecfarcharcs  CHHAV

Kcraenbc Xonlatma  Xonlatma  Ombrnqum Enlc Icrnbc Kastc [nevc  [nevc 

FMBMHNXA CFF]H

Kclnec Bnkaenmea  Bnkaenmea 

K^VMEC

Cbtabna Kcreas Tarzn  Tarzn  Vahrn`a Lueemr Geãvna Kupmrlcb [ulcnc @abàcevms  @abàcevms  Hcuko   [nevnc Hcuko

HP@ CVS]NXMX]VC

Vntc Krnstnbc Gmrrmnrc  Gmrrmnrc 

MzXmk

Omeansc Adnlc  Adnlc  Dmssnkc Vamsm  Vamsm 

@CLCVA

[nevnc Xrcehn  Xrcehn 

NBZVA

Hcbnmec hm Wnbkmbza  Wnbkmbza  

NZX

Cbtøbna Gmrbcbha Fmrta  Fmrta  

DABC[ FNV@MV CVS]NXMX]VC

Cbhrî Lctsulata  Lctsulata 

ENBHMBKAVZ

Wcbmssc Xmnxmnrc  Xmnxmnrc  Grcbka   Cbc Zcuec Grcbka

[NBKA

Zrnsknec hm Kcstra  Kcstra 

V]FNA & E]AB@A

Lãrkna Euab`a  Euab`a 

XCVDCF

[mr`na Halnb`ums  Halnb`ums 

XMKBN[C

Gcfna Wneecs Facs  Facs 

XMN_MNVC H]CVXM

Wnvncbm Xmnxmnrc  Xmnxmnrc 

ZVAGN[[NABCN[ / MBXNHCHM[ ZCVXNKNZCBXM[ CA EAB@A HA[ CBA[ BC[ MHNÀÝM[ CBXMVNAVM[ CBXMVNAVM[   Cefmrta Bckckom Cbc [pnbc Crbceha Kornstagn Cu`usta Zmhrmnrc Hm Grmntcs Kcreas Lcsscru Icycba Kmkìenc Emvy Kmesa Fmr`clcska Keãuhna @aehstmnb Krnstnbc Znmfmr Hcvn Ciimrlcb Mgrcnl Tckens

CFMKM  CFMKM  C[FCN   C[FCN [MKAWN-[Z   [MKAWN-[Z CFMKM   CFMKM CFVCWC   CFVCWC C@M[K   C@M[K CBZ   CBZ [NBH][KAB-[Z   [NBH][KAB-[Z CFVC[NZ   CFVC[NZ ZVACKÔ[XNKC   ZVACKÔ[XNKC CFM@   CFM@

Mencbc Czmvmha Mencbm Chmssm

CBZ  CBZ  C@M[K   C@M[K Zã`nbc 73 73  

;´ Mhnàëa  

Lcbuce hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas hm Nbstcecàýms Meîtrnkcs Meîtrnkcs Mstomr [tneemr Gcfna Znlmbtc Gcrms Mhucrha Csscen Gmrhnbcbha Vuzzcbtm Bmtta

C[FCN  C[FCN  CFVC[NZ   CFVC[NZ CFMKM   CFMKM CFMKM   CFMKM

Gecvna H ceclfmrt  Grcbknska C. Wcskabkmeeas Bmta Grcbknska Zcuea @rczncba Ombrnqum Kclfnc`on Nvcb Enppn Vahrn`ums

CFMKM  CFMKM  [NBH][KAB-[Z   [NBH][KAB-[Z CFMKM   CFMKM C[FMC   C[FMC CFMKM   CFMKM

Daca Zcuea Dmrmnssctn Dasî Dar`m Koc`urn (Nb Lmlarncl)

[NBH][KAB-[Z  [NBH][KAB-[Z  [NBHNB[XCECÀËA   [NBHNB[XCECÀËA C]VM[NHM   C]VM[NHM CFMKM   CFMKM C[FCN   C[FCN C@M[K   C@M[K C@M[K   C@M[K CFVC[NZ   CFVC[NZ [NBH][KAB-[Z   [NBH][KAB-[Z CFMKM   CFMKM C@M[K   C@M[K

Dasm Vafmrta Lurctarn Duena Xnlmrlcb Dubnc Czmboc Icrmb Lcbmskon Icsatason Nta Emvab [mvzctnãb Euns Gmrbcbha Kmkkatta Lcrkmea Vazmbfmr` Lãrkna Euab`a Lcrka Cbtabna Lcbsa Lcrkas Oaetz Lcrkas Wmeemtrn Lcrna Kmpaeenbc Lcrtoc @cvnëa Bmelc Kornstnbc Cevms Bmesab Kavcs Bìhnc Farmeen Zctrnknc Xatcra Zcuea Cekyhms Cbhrchm Zcuea [cbkoms Vcue Dasî hm Celmnhc Vmbcta Lmsquntc Vnkcrha Fubmlmr Vnkcrha Emapaeha m [nevc Grcbàc Vafmrta Clã (Nb Lmlarncl) Vabceha [ã Aenvmnrc [mr`na Mhucrha Gcvmra [cevcharn (Nb Lmlarncl) [mr`na Ictmr [mr`na Wnmnrc hc [nevc (Nb Lmlarncl) [nevna Lmeocha Wcehnr [nevc hc Kruz Pcehmkyr Zmrmnrc hc [nevc

[NBH][KAB-[Z  [NBH][KAB-[Z  ZVACKÔ[XNKC   ZVACKÔ[XNKC [MKAWN-[Z   [MKAWN-[Z CFM@   CFM@ CFCZ   CFCZ NFN   NFN CFMKM   CFMKM C[FCN   C[FCN CFVNM[Z   CFVNM[Z CFMKM   CFMKM [NBH][KAB-[Z   [NBH][KAB-[Z CFVCWC   CFVCWC [NBH][KAB-[Z   [NBH][KAB-[Z [MKAWN-[Z   [MKAWN-[Z CFMKM   CFMKM C[FMC   C[FMC [MKAWN-[Z CFMKM CFVC[NZ   CFVC[NZ CFMKM   CFMKM C@M[K   C@M[K CFMKM   CFMKM CFMKM   CFMKM

Pnesab Bmvms

NFN   NFN Zã`nbc 76 76  

;´ Mhnàëa  

 

Lcbucns hm Mskapa hm Zradmtas m [mrvnàas www.lcbucnshmmskapa.kal.fr

Kaarhmbcàëa @mrce  @mrce 

Xîkbnka  Cpana Xîkbnka 

Mbtnhchms Mspmkncenstcs Cssaknchcs cas Lcbucns hm Mskapa  Mskapa  

;´ Mhnàëa

Zã`nbc 3