Manual de Rutas

 

EI@HZE

M XQEZQ

BXOA CHOQ @

CDOQH CD]E G [NZQD] GÅJQD] ]NCÃ]HV IN]JÃN

Qdads `ds ahrhjgds rhshrvnads [rdgemean su ]hprdaujjeúo Qdtn` d pnrjen`

[nrn cnydrhs eobdrchs y phaeads n` ==7>=>5>58 jdo h` [nstdr Gåjtdr ]ncãrhz Inrjãn ho `n jeuana ah Wn`npn, Rhrnjruz ho Jn``h Znotn @ujãn Od. >1 Jd`doen @dcns ah Znotn Bh.

 

 

EOQ]DAXJJEÚO H` prhshoth cnthren surih pdr `n ohjhseana ah nyuanr n `ns ei`hsens ah` Zhþdr n pdahr hxpnoaer h` ceoesthred ah inonr n`cns, n cnohrn phrsdon` puhad ahjer`h quh ho ce vean y bdrcnjeúo phrsdon`, h` jnrîjthr, `n aesjep`eon, h` ncdr n `ns n`cns, `n veseúo ceoesthren` quh h` Zhþdr ch gn anad hs ho cujgd c ujgd h` rhsu`tnad ah` ceoesthred ah rutns. Hsth ceoesthred nyuan n `ns ei`hsens n jrhjhr ah uon bdrcn cuy ecpdrtnoth, jrhd quh n fuejed phrsdon` gh vestd jrhjhr `ns ei`hsens quh usno rutns ho chodr tehcpd quh nquh``ns quh ods `ns hcp`hno, n` preojeped od hs shoje``d, hs aebãje`, jnosnad, ahsinstnoth phrd od gny nt`htn quh od sh snjrebequh ho n`id pnrn nspernr n inonr uon chan``n, od gny mdxhnadr quh od hstå aespuhstd n id`phnr su juhrpd n beo ah dmthohr uo jncphdontd cuoaen`, `n Mem`en ods hoshþn quh h` `nmrnadr pnrn pdahr pnrtejepnr ah su brutd ahmh trnmnfnr prechrd. @ns prechrns rutns tnrano uo pdjd cîs ho `hvnotnrsh, od hs `d cescd junoad `n ei`hsen yn tehoh rutns hstnm`hjeans n junoad uon eoejen h` ceoesthred ahsah jhrd, phrd n` beon` h` brutd sh ahfn vhr ahspuås ah `n pnjehojen y pdahcds ahjer quh vn`h `n phon.

NI]NAHJECEHOQD [rechrnchoth ce cnydr nirnahjecehotd hs pnrn ce Aeds, puhs hs queho ch aed `n dpdrtuoeana ah jdodjhr`h y uon sn`vnjeúo ah `n quh od sdy aeiod, n å` `n I`dren, Gdorn, Cnfhstna y Gdodr. Ho shiuoad `uinr nirnahzjd n ce pnstdr, h` Ar. Lhveo Yyooh pdr gnmhr vhoead n ce pnãs jdo `n prhjedsn veseúo ves eúo quh Aeds `h gn anad y pdr su îoecd ho `n prdpninjeúo ah` chosnfh ah sn` sn`vnjeúo, vnjeúo, pdr su ahaejnjeúo y beah`eana y pdr gnmhrch anad `n dpdrtuoeana ah hstuaenr ho h` Jd`hied Mnutestn Buoanchotn` Cdoth Zeúo, n` Ghrcnod Iunan`uph Nrnoan Juå``nr pdr `n aesjep`eon quh ods trnosceteú, y ah uon cnohrn hsphjen` n` ghrcnod Rejtdred ]dm`hs M`nojd queåo ch aed `n dpdrtuoeana ah hfhrjhr uo ceoesthred jdcd jnpetîo ah ]utn, cujgd ah `d quh hsth cnthren` jdotehoh hs `n hoshþnozn ah hsth ghrcnod. Nirnahzjd tncmeåo n Ce hspdsn Gon. Qhrhsn ah Fhsös ]dchrd [århz pdr su beah`eana n` Zhþdr y pnjehojen ho `n dmrn, pdr hstnr n ce `nad servehoad ho h` ceoesthred n` jun` h` Zhþdr ch gn ``ncnad.

=

 

 

ÃOAEJH

EOQ]DAXJJEÚO / = NI]NAHJECEHOQD / = E.

INON] N@CNZ / 1

EE.

H@EIEHOAD XO Î]HN [N]N HZQNM@HJH] XON ]XQN / 2

EEE.

H@ JN[EQÎO AH @N ]XQN / 7

ER.

@DZ DM]H]DZ AH @N ]XQN / >;

R.

AENI]NCN AH XON ]XQN U ZX BXOJEDONCEHOQD / >>

RE.

H@ AEZJE[X@NAD U @N ]XQN / >:

REE.

@NZ CHQNZ U @N ]XQN / >1

REEE.

AEBH]HOQHZ MHOHBEJEDZ ^XH H@ CEOEZQH]ED AH ]XQNZ Q]NH N @N EI@HZEN / >8

EW.

@DZ [H@EI]DZ AH@ CEOEZQH]ED AH ]XQNZ / >2

JDOJ@XZEÚO / >7

:

 

 

JN[EQX@D E6 H@ INON] N@CNZ Hs cuy aebãje` quh uon ei`hsen quh od inon n`cns puhan hstnm`hjhr uo ceoesthred ah rutns, h` cdtevd hs pdrquh hsth ceoesthred hstî jhotrnad ho quh `ns n`cns shno sn`vns y ``hiuho n `n ei`hsen. H` pnstdr hs queho ahmh thohr h` nogh`d cîs irnoah pnrn quh `ns n`cns shno sn`vns ]dcnods >;6>. ]hjdcehoad `n `hjturn ah` `emrd [nseúo pdr `ns n`cns a haetdren` [drtnvdz y ah Medirnbãns ah Irnoahs Jrestenods. H` inonr n`cns hs `n dmhaehojen n` cnoantd ah` Zhþdr ah ‐Ea pdr tdad h` cuoad y gnjha aesjãpu`ds n tdans `ns onjedohs mnutezîoad`ds ho h` odcmrh ah` [narh, ah` Gefd y ah` Hspãretu Znotd Cnt =76>5-=;– ah cnohrn quh h` ceoesthred onjh jdcd prdaujtd ah `n dmhaehojen n `n pn`nmrn ah Aeds, pdr tnotd se od sh ncno `ns n`cns od sh hstnrî aespuhstd n hstnm`hjhr hsth ceoesthred ho uon ei`hsen puhs sh vhrî cîs jdcd uo instd quh jdcd uon eovhrseúo. ´^XÅ ´^X Å HZ INON] N@ N@CNZ4 CNZ4

Inonr ncns hs hoshþnr`h n` phjnadr su jdoaejeúo ah jdoahonjeúo y hxj`useúo ah `n i`dren ah Aeds pdr jnusn ah` phjnad quh gn prnjtejnad aurnoth su vean, y cdstrnr`h cdstrnr `h quh se hstd od jncmen, h` pdr jnusn ah `n fustejen ah Aeds shrî jdoahonad hthronchoth ho h` `nid ah buhid y nzubrh, hs cdstrnr`h quh pdr h` ncdr y `n ceshrejdraen ah Aeds å` tehoh uon dpdrtuoeana ah shr sn`vd ho Jrestd Fhsös pdr jnusn ah su snjrebejed hxpentdred y su snoirh vhrtean ho `n jruz ah` jn`vnred, hstd ahmhcds gnjhr`d jdo cujgd jueanad, ahmhcds rhjdranr quh h` inonr n`cns hs shcmrnr `n shce``n hsperetun` quh Aeds ute`eznrî pnrn prdaujer h` ouhvd onjecehotd ho `ns phrsdons, Funo :. Hs uon `nmdr quh ahmhcds gnjhr jdo cujgd jueanad, jdo cujgd ncdr y jdo cujgn bh, ouojn ahmhcds d`veanr quh `ns phrsdons quh sh eothirno n uon rutn sdo phrsdons quh Aeds ncn y pdr `ns jun`hs cureú. Ahmhs inonr n`cns jdo `n pnjehojen y h` ncdr jdo `ds quh `h thstebejnrãns n tu prdpen bnce`en. H` cåtdad ah inonr n`cns hs shoje``d, ahmhcds cdstrnr`h n `ds gdcmrhs su jdoaejeúo y ahspuås `n sd`ujeúo6 @N JDOAE JDOAEJEÚO JEÚO AH@ GDCM]H

H` gdcmrh hs phjnadr pdr onturn`hz onturn`hznn (phjnr hs quhmrnotnr vd`uotnrenchoth `ds cnoancehotds ah Aeds) ]dc :6>;,=:< ]dc 86>=< y h` phjnad gn trnãad sdmrh å` uon thrrem`h setunjeúo, å` sh

i`dr en ah Aeds Aeds , h` od pdarî pnsnr `n hthroeana n` `nad ah` jrhnadr hojuhotrn ahstetuead ah `n i`dren

1

 

 

pdr jnusn ah su phjnad, ahmhcds jdcprhoahr quh Aeds hs snotd y hs fustd, y quh pdr jnusn ah hsn snoteana oeoiuod quh gn phjnad pdarãn hstnr ah`noth ah å`, y pdr jnusn ah `n fustejen ah Aeds å` ahmh jnsteinr h` phjnad jdo h` eobehrod , `n ern ah Aeds ahmh shr ahrrncnan sdmrh h` phjnadr Zn` 96>>->=. Ah cnohrn quh å` gdcmrh ahmh er n` eobehrod seo pdseme`eana n`iuon ah njhrjnrsh n` jeh`d. Ahmhcds cdstrnr`h `n cnohrn ho jdcd Aeds vh h` phjnad, jdcd n`id cn`d, rhpuionoth, nmdrrhjem`h y quh od `d puhah td`hrnr ah oeoiuon cnohrn ho su prhshojen. Ahmhcds nyuanr`hs n jdcprhoahr jdc prhoahr quh `n ihoth ecpãn od puhah hstnr ah`noth ah uo Aeds Znotd, y quh h` `uinr quh `hs jdrrhspdoah pdr h` phjnad hs h` Buhid hthrod. @n phrsdon n queho sh `h hxp`ejn ahmh jdcprhoahr hstd phrbhjtnchoth n beo ah quh pdancds iuenr`hs iuenr`hs n` seiuehoth pnsd quh hs `n sd`ujeúo, y jdcd tdads snmhcds, `n sd`ujeúo hs Jrestd, phrd pnrn ``hinr n å` ohjhsetd ads h`hchotds cuy ecpdrtnoths, `n Bh ho Fhsös y h` Nrrhphotecehotd seojhrd y ihoueod pdr jnusn ah ces phjnads. Od ahmhcds hvetnr prhaejnr`hs h` nrrhphotecehotd, hs h` chosnfh quh buh prhaejnad pdr `ds prechrds jrestenods, y pdr Fhsös cescd. n) Noteiud Qhstnchotd m) Funo h` Mnutestn Ct :6>-7 j) Fhsös Ct 16>9< Ct 56>: a) @ds npústd`hs Gjg =6:2-:7 h) @ds pre prechrds chrds jresteno jrestenods ds Gjg =;6=> @N ZD@XJEÚO A AEREON EREON [N]N @ @N N JDOAEJEÚO JDOAEJEÚO AH@ GDCM]H

H` Nrrhphotecehotd hs jncmenr ah aerhjjeúo y ah choth, hs gnjhr `d jdotrnred n `ds quh hstnmn gnjehoad. Ct =>6=5. U `n Bh ho Fhsös hs jrhhr ho su cuhrth y sustetujeúo ah`noth ah Aeds pdr ces phjnads, hs jdobenr ho su dmrn rhahotdrn. Xon vhz quh jdcprhoaho hstd ahmhcds hoshþnr`hs quh hs öoejnchoth ho Fhsös (>Qec =68) ho queho sh dmtehoh `n sn`vnjeúo, y quh ahmho pdohr`d jdcd h` Zhþdr ah sus veans pnrn quh puhano shr sn`vds. @n öoejn cnohrn ho quh pdahcds shr sn`vds hs pdr chaed ah` snjrebejed hxpentdred ah Fhsös, å` cureú pdr ouhstrds phjnads, `ds pniú ho `n jruz j ruz y n` ahrrncnr su snoirh ods phrceth quh n` vhoer n å` ouhstrds phjnads shno mdrrnads ah`noth ah Aeds, y pdancds hotdojhs shr phradonads pdr Aeds. @ujns =:6:5-1:, thohcds quh vhoer n å` pnrn pdahr dmthohr `n sn`vnjeúo. ]dcnods >;65->;.

8

 

 

JN[EQX@D EE6 ZDM]H @N H@HJJEÚO AH XO Î]HN [N]N HZQNM@HJH] @N ]XQN H` preojeped mîsejd pnrn `n h`hjjeúo ah hstnm`hjhr uo îrhn hs preojepn`choth quh Aeds ods iueh, ho ce hxphrehojen phrsdon`, phrsdo n`, Aeds ods gn iuenad n `hvnotnr 2 rutns, uon ah h``ns ch buh ecpuhstn phrd ho `ns dtrns 8 gn sead Aeds queho ods gn iuenad ah aebhrhoths cnohrns pnrn trnmnfnr n``ã, hs jdcd uon hsphjeh ah phquhþd ``ncnad y h` quh shrî rhspdosnm`h ah` îrhn ahmhrî tdcnr su rhspdosnme`eana rhspdosnme` eana jdo h` cescd ncdr jdo h` quh h` pnstdr pnstdrhn sus dvhfns. [nrn h`hier uo îrhn ahmhcds pnsnr tehcpd ho drnjeúo rdinoad n ouhstrd Aeds quh ods ``hvh n hsds `uinrhs adoah su pn`nmrn hs ohjhsnren, adoah gny ihoth gncmrehotn ah` pno jh`hsten`, adoah `ds shaehotds hsphrno quh n`iueho `hs ``hvh h` niun ah vean. Aeds sehcprh rhspdoah `n drnjeúo seojhrn y ``hon ah bh, n vhjhs Aeds `hvnotn uon bnce`en hothrn pnrn eoejenr `n ]utn, dtrns djnsedohs Aeds usn oeþds pnrn jdchoznr, ho dtrns h` jdrnzúo ah` inonadr ah n`cns h` cdvead pdr `n irnjen aeveon n thohr uon jnrin hsphjen` pdr uo îrhn hsphjãbejn. Cujgns ei`hsens prhbehrho `ns zdons pdpu`nrhs y gh vestd quh hs muhod, odrcn`choth `n ihoth pdmrh hs cîs rhjhptevn n` hvnoih`ed phrd od ohjhsnrenchoth ahmh shr nsã, Aeds puhah hstnm`hjhr hsth ceoesthred ceoe sthred ho jun`quehr jd`doen, jnan phrs phrsdon don puhah y ahmh shr n`jnoznan, dtrds pehosno quh ahmhs eoejenr ho `ns jd`doens ah j`nsh chaen, pnrn pdsthredrchoth dmthohr `ds rhjursds quh th phrcetno er n `ns jd`doens pdpu`nrhs, pnrhjh uon rnzdonm`h bdrcn ah phosnr, phrd ouhstrd Aeds hs nutdsubejehoth hjdoúcejnchoth y h` prdvhhrî ah `ds rhjursds ohjhsnreds pnrn sup`er `ns ohjhseanahs ah hsth ceoesthred. Njhptd quh ahmh gnmhr uon p`nohnjeúo, `n hsjreturn hoshþn quh queho quehrh jdostruer uon tdrrh ahmh shotnrsh prechrd n jn`ju`nr se `h n`jnoznrî pnrn thrceonr phrd n `n vhz ahmd usnr ah `n bh, ahmd nprhoahr n vhr `ns jdsns quh od sh vho jdcd se buhrno, ahmd sdþnr y nogh`nr ho ce jdrnzúo gnjhr n`id hsphjen` pnrn ce Aeds, quh å` shn i`drebejnad. @ns beonozns n` preojeped sdo prhsedonans n` eoejed eoeje d ah uon rutn, phrd junoad `ds ghrcnods ah `n rutn cnaurho, hstnrhcds `estds pnrn `n shiuoan rutn y nsã sujhsevnchoth, jrhd quh hs muhod hstnm`hjhr `ns rutns ho îrhns `hfnons ah `n ei`hsen y quh `n ihoth quh vevh jhrjn ah h``n nprhoan n ``hinr sd`n, nuoquh n` cescd tehcpd ahmd hoshþnr n `ds ghrcnods ah `n rutn n od ahphoahr ah h``ns.

2

 

 

[nrn jdoj`uer hsth jnpãtu`d ahmhcds ahjer quh `n h`hjjeúo ah `n rutn ahmh shr ah njuhrad n `n Ghjgd jgd s 96=vd`uotna ah Aeds, jdcd Nmrngnc quh buh hovenad pdr Aeds n uo `uinr hsphjãbejd Gh 1 ‐N `n tehrrn quh yd th cdstrnrå–, Nmrngnc od jdodjãn hsn tehrrn, Aeds `d iueú n h``n< d ho

npústd` [nm`d quh sehcprh iuenad pdr h` Hspãretu ah Aeds ahthrceonmn ho adoah `ns ei`hsens ahmãno shr hstnm`hjeans Ghjgds >269 ‐Eothotnrdo er n Meteoen phrd h` Hspãretu sh `ds ecpeaeú–  d meho, junoad h` Hspãretu `hs iuãn n Cnjhadoen Ghjgds >26>; ‐Anoad pdr jehrtd–, hsjremeú h` npústd`, noths ah h`hier uon rutn ahmhcds shr ah bhrvehoth drnjeúo musjnoad `n aerhjjeúo ah` Zhþdr y ah shiurd å` ods cdstrnrî gnjen aúoah er.

9

 

 

JN[EQX@D EEE6 H@ JN[EQÎO AH @N ]XQN ^uezî hsth hs h` puotd cîs aebãje`, od gny gdcmrhs tno aespuhstds n pdohr h` jdrnzúo ho uon rutn, h` jnpetîo ahmh shr ho prechr `uinr uo gdcmrh quh servn n` Zhþdr ‐Od veod pnrn shr  Cnr >;618, y pdr tnotd jdo uo jdrnzúo ah shrver y od ah shr shrvead, shrvead seod pnrn shrver–  Cnr

ouojn sh hsjdiho pnstdrhs ah hotrh `ds quh hstîo shotnads, h` gdcmrh nahjunad hs uod quh hstå aespuhstd n anr su vean pdr `ns dvhfns, ahmh vesetnr`hs Hzhqueh` :16=-2, pnsnr tehcpd jdo h``ds hoshþîoad`hs, nyuaîoad`hs, ahmh ``drnr jdo h``ds, rhãr n su `nad, phrcnohjhr n``ã sehcprh quh sh `h ohjhseth, aespuhstd n ahsvh`ds, niunjhrds, nsd`hnans, tncmeåo n ahsprhjeds,   = Jdr 268 y >>6=9. Xo gdcmrh quh hstå aespuhstd n eoirntetua,, htj.< ‐ho cujgds ahsvh`ds–  = eoirntetua

ncnr n su rhmnþd nuoquh hsth od shn tno beh`, h` jnpetîo ah `n rutn ahmh shr uo gdcmrh jdo O d th ahfd ahfd se o d ch mhoaejhs –  uo ahshd ah shr mhoahjead, Io :=6=2 ‐ Od  uo gdcmrh quh thoin uon

chtn gnjen aúoah vn n aereier n sus dmrhrds ah rutn, ahmh shr uo gdcmrh quh snmh noecnr n dtrds junoad `ns jdsns od vno meho ‐Rdsdtrds quh sdes hsperetun`hs rhstnurna`hs jdo hspãretu ah cnoshaucmrh–  In`  In` 26>, ahmh shr uo gdcmrh hfhrjetnad ho `n pnjehojen, ahmh shr

uo gdcmrh quh snmh tdcnr ahjesedohs y quh rhsuh`vh prdm`hcns, hs ahjer quh snmh ``hvnr jnrins y rhspdosnme`eanahs, uo gdcmrh aespuhstd n rhjdrrhr h` cescd ahsehrtd Funo 161-=7 ‐Jnosnad ah` jnceod– , uo gdcmrh quh hstå aespuhstd n vever ah rdae``ns rdinoad n Aeds pdr

Drnoad oad ho tdad tehcpd jdo tdan drnjeúo y söp`ejn ho h` hspãretu Hbhseds 26> 26>7 7, uo su îrhn Drn

gdcmrh quh n phsnr ah tdads `ds rhquesetds nothredrchoth chojedonads shn `hn` n su pnstdr, aespuhstd n shrver, uo gdcmrh quh n` cescd tehcpd hs guce`ah. N`id quh od ahmh shr d`veanad pdr h` jnpetîo hs quh å` od hs h` pnstdr, hs sd`d uon hxthoseúo ah` pnstdr pdr tnotd junoad n`iöo prdm`hcn ``hiuh, ahmh jnon`eznr n `ns dvhfns n` pnstdr, hs jdcd h` cåaejd ihohrn`, phrd h` hsphjen`estn hs h` pnstdr ah `n ei`hsen. H` jnpetîo ah îrhn ahmh snmhr ``hvnr cîs rhspdosnme`eanahs quh `ds ahcîs, `n rhi`n mîsejn hs quh h` jnpetîo od puhah drahonr n`id quh od hstî aespuhstd n gnjhr. Hs h` quh ahmh rhjdrrhr `n shiuoan ce``n y anr h` hfhcp`d n` rhstd ah `ds ghrcnods ah `n rutn. H` jnpetîo ahmh sehcprh rdinr`h n Aeds pdr ads jdsns >. ^uh Aeds `h aå ncdr pdr sus dvhfetns y =. ^uh Aeds `h aå uon jnrin hsphjen` pdr su îrhn. Junoad od ncd `d quh gnid od `d vdy n gnjhr meho, junoad `d ncd pdoarå ce hcphþd y hsbuhrzd pnrn quh nquh``d quh rhn`ezd shn meho ahshcphþnad n beo ah quh Aeds shn i`drebejnad.

7

 

 

JN[EQX@D ER6 @DZ DM]H]DZ AH @N ]XQN Zdo jrestenods quh pdr `d ihohrn` inono n`cns, quh tehoho h` jdrnzúo puhstd ho trnmnfnr jdo nquh``ds quh od jdodjho ah Fhsös< hs ohjhsnred musjnr`ds, od sehcprh nsestho n `ns rhuoedohs ah inonr n`cns phrd sh hojuhotrno hotrh nquh``ds quh sdo beh`hs n `ds shrvejeds ah `n ei`hsen. Hstds ahmho nprhoahr n inonr n`cns y n ``hvnr jnrins phquhþns od tno irnoahs jdcd `ns ah` jnpetîo ah îrhn phrd sã quh puhano jucp`er`ns, su trnmnfd hs ecpdrtnoth ho `n vesetnjeúo y ho rhjdihr `n rutn. Ahmho hstnr aespuhstds n shiuer n su jnpetîo. H` trnmnfd ah` dmrhrd ah rutn sh aeveah ho ads njteveanahs preojepn`hs y uon shjuoanren6 >) ahmh inonr n`cns ho su îrhn jdo su jnpetîo, `n bdrcn ah trnhr phrsdons phrs dons ho `n rutn hs inonoad n`cns, =) ahmh nprhoahr n vesetnr h` îrhn quh `h hs nseionan, ahmh jdodjhr ho adoah vevh jnan uod ah `ds ghrcnods quh nsestho ho `n rutn y n` cescd tehcpd n `ds ouhvds quh sh vno nþnaehoad, beon`choth jdcd njteveana shjuoanren :) ahmh aesjepu`nr n `ds jdovhrteads y drnr jdo h``ds. H` aãn sîmnad quh hs preojepn`choth hs h` aãn ho quh `ns ei`hsens buoanchotn`hs hstnm`hjhcds h` Zhrvejed ah inonr n`cns, `ds dmrhrds fuotd jdo su jnpetîo ah îrhn sh vno n su `uinr, inono n`cns h` tehcpd ohjhsnred, uon vhz uo [nstdr cehotrns hstîmncds ho h` Jd`hied Mnutestn Cdoth Zeúo ods hoshþú quh h` tncnþd ah `n rutn ahphoahrãn ah` tehcpd quh ahaejîrncds n inonr n`cns, ods aefd `d seiuehoth ‐Ze quehrhs quehrh s uon rutn ah >8 ceoutds inon n`cn s >8 ceoutds phrd se nogh`ns uon rutn ah = gdrns, inon n`cns = gdrns– od rhjuhrad meho queåo

`d aefd, phrd hs uon irno vhrana, h` trnmnfd ah rutns ahmh shr buhrth y jdostnoth bãsejn y hsperetun`choth. Ahspuås ah inonr n`cns jnan dmrhrd ahmh vesetnr n `ds ghrcnods quh `h buhrdo nseionads y n `ds prdsphjtds ah `ns shcnons nothredrhs n beo ah noecnr`ds n nsester n `n ei`hsen h` adceoid pdr `n cnþnon, y rhjdranr`hs h` puotd ah rhuoeúo n` quh ahmho ``hinr n `n gdrn eoaejnan. [dr `n cnþnon ah` adceoid h` dmrhrd sd`d pnsn n rhuoer`ds ho h` puotd nseionad, hs ecpdrtnoth hoshþnr`hs aesjep`eon n `ds ghrcnods, od ahmhcds hsphrnr`ds cîs ah 8 ceoutds puhs ah `d jdotrnred sh cn` njdstucmrno y nbhjtno h` gdrnred ah ``hinan n `n ei`hsen y n` cescd tehcpd ntrnsno n `ds quh sã hstuvehrdo `estds thcprnod, h` trnmnfd ah` dmrhrd pdr `n cnþnon ah` adceoid hs rhuoer n `ds cehcmrds ah `n rutn ho `ds `uinrhs nseionads, hs rhjdchoanm`h quh h` dmrhrd ``hiuh > gdrn noths ah quh `n rutn pnsh pdr hsn îrhn.

5

 

 

Ho junotd n `n `nmdr hsperetun`, h` dmrhrd puhah nyuanr n` jrhjecehotd ah `ds ghrcnods ah `n rutn chaenoth aesjepu`nads y drnoad pdr h``ds y jdo h``ds. Hs muhod quh h` jnpetîo pnsh tehcpd jdo `ds dmrhrds, odsdtrds thohcds uon phquhþn rhuoeúo noths ah eoejenr `n rutn y `h prhiuotd n jnan dmrhrd quh ohjhsetn, se gny n`iöo prdm`hcn ho su îrhn, se ohjhsetn n`id, ahmhcds hstnr uoeads phrd h` jnpetîo ahmh shr queho ihohrh `n uoeana. Hs ecpdrtnoth quh h` dmrhrd gnin uon `estn ah prdsphjtds pnrn vesetnr, sh ahmh ``hvnr uo jdotrd` ah sn`vds y prdsphjtds pnrn anr`h shiuecehotd n `n dmrn, ah `d jdotrnred hstnrhcds phraehoadd cujgds jdotnjtds. phraehoa

>;

 

 

JN[EQX@D R6 AENI]NCN AH @N ]XQN U ZX BXOJEDONCEHOQD. @n rutn hs uon mhoaejeúo, phrd ahmhcds snmhr jdrrhr`n, ah dtrn cnohrn sh jdovehrth ho uon trnihaen, ho uon jnrin. Xon vhz quh `ds dmrhrds hotehoaho su pnph` ho hsth ceoesthred ceoesthre d ahmhcds drinoeznr `ns pnrnans ah `n rutn, h` aenirncn ods nyuanrî n jdcprhoahr hstd ah uon chfdr cnohrn, phrd mîsejnchoth h` ceoesthred ah rutn buojedon jdcd h` sesthcn ah trnospdrth pöm`ejd, h``ds tehoho gdrnreds ah sn`ean y uo hstecnad ah` tehcpd ah ``hinan n su ahsteod, ah `n cescn bdrcn odsdtrds, ahmhcds eoejenr n uon gdrn nprdpenan pnrn pdahr ``hinr n tehcpd n `n hsjuh`n adceoejn`, junoad h` dmrhrd d h` jnpetîo eoejeno `n rutn, `ds hojnrinads ah îrhn y sus dmrhrds ahmho hstnr rhjdiehoad `n rutn ho `ns aevhrsns zdons ah` îrhn, prhpnrîoad`ds pnrn `n ``hinan ah `n rutn. Od ahmhs pnsnr jnsn pdr jnsn, hsd rhquehrh cujgd tehcpd y cîs insd`eon phrd gnjh n `ds ghrcnods phrhzdsds, ouojn ahmhs td`hrnr h` rhtrnsd, pdr hfhcp`d `ds ghrcnods aerîo ‐hspårhch tnotetd, hs quh nphons vncds n ahsnyuonr–  d ‐onan cîs njnmd ah vhster n `ds oeþds–,

ecnieon quh hstd pnsnrn ho jnan jnsn, jdo jnan cehcmrd ouojn ``hinrãncds n tehcpd, ahmhcds shr gdohstds jdo h``ds y ahjer`hs ahsah h` preojeped júcd buojedon `n rutn y quh se od hstîo `estds ahmhrîo trns`nanrsh n `n ei`hsen pdr sus prdpeds chaeds. @ds dmrhrds puhaho nyuanr n sd`ujedonr hsth prdm`hcn eahotebejnoad n `ds `ds ghrcnods quh mntn``no pnrn hstnr `estds h er n sus jnsns thcprnod y nyuanr`hs n beo ah quh hståo `estds.

>>

 

 

AENI]NCN AH @N ]XQN AH ZNOQN JNQN]EON (A.B.) =;;1

Gåjtdr ]ncãrhz  ]ncãrhz  Jnpetîo   Jnpetîo

Adceoid Zd`nod  Zd`nod  Hojnrinad ah Îrhn  Îrhn  [dtrhrd   [dtrhrd

Gåjtdr ]ncãrhz  ]ncãrhz  Hojnrinad ah Îrhn  Îrhn  @n Cdotnan  Cdotnan 

Gon. Cnrteon  Cnrteon  Gon. [nty  [nty  God. Xreh`  Xreh`  God. Jntnreod  Jntnreod 

Anoeh` B`drhs  B`drhs  Qhrhsn ]dchrd  ]dchrd 

Hrohsteon ]dchrd  ]dchrd  Hojnrinad ah Îrhn  Îrhn  @ns jrujhs  jrujhs 

Znrn ]dchrd  ]dchrd  Hojnrinad ah Îrhn  Îrhn  @n jn`ahrn  jn`ahrn 

H`eznmhtg Cåoahz  Cåoahz  Hojnrinad ah Îrhn  Îrhn  @n veriho M  M 

Hvnrestd  Hvnrestd  An Anoe oeh` h` @ú hz hz  

Hsth aenirncn hxp`ejn ah uon cnohrn rhsucean `n drinoeznjeúo ah uon rutn, h` jnpetîo ahmh jdodjhr tdans y jnan uon ah `ns îrhns, ho jnsd quh h` dmrhrd bn``h, h` jnpetîo hs h` quh gnjh h` trnmnfd, phrd mnfd oeoiuon jerjuostnojen ahmh quhanrsh h` îrhn seo vesetnr.

>=

 

 

JN[EQX@D RE6 H@ AEZJE[X@NAD U @N ]XQN [dr dtrd `nad, ahmhcds shr cuy drahonads n `n gdrn ah trnmnfnr, jn``h pdr jn``h, od hs rhjdchoanm`h pejnr ho uo `nad y ahspuås ho dtrd, seod gnjhr uo trnmnfd sesthcîtejd. Ahmhcds ``hvnr uo jdotrd` ah `ns phrsdons n `ns quh `hs jdcpnrtecds h` hvnoih`ed, `ds quh sdo sn`vds y `ds quh sdo njjhsem`hs, `ds quh quhanrdo ah prdsphjtds y `ds eothrhsnads, `n `estn servh pnrn hstnr drnoad pdr h``ds, y ho shiuoad `uinr pnrn junoad thohcds uo tehcpd hsphjen` ho `n ei`hsen, Jdobhrhojens, Noevhrsnreds, htj. N `ns phrsdons quh sh vno nþnaehoad n `n ei`hsen hs muhod dtdrinr`hs aesjepu`nads, y jdchoznr n trnmnfnr jdo h``ds ho sus gdinrhs, odsdtrds `hs ecpnrtecds = aesjepu`nads, h` prechrd ah jrestenoescd mîsejd quh eoj`uyh cnydradcãn y h` shiuoad ah adjtreon mîsejn. Od hs muhod aesjepu`nr phrsdons quh od nsestho n `n ei`hsen, `n hxphrehojen aejtn aej tn quh sdo cuy pdjds `ds quh sh quhano sehoad aesjepu`nads prechrd, prec hrd, ho jncmed ah `ds quh vno n `n ei`hsen y sh aesjepu`no h` pdrjhotnfh hs cîs ncp`ed. Ah ghjgd pdahcds ahjer quh sh ods gn hovenad n gnjhr aesjãpu`ds, y n hoshþnr`hs quh iunraho tdans `ns jdsns quh Aeds ods gn cnoanad Ct =76>5-=;, h` hstuaed ho jnsn hs cuy prîjtejd y sntesbnjtdred se sh gnjh ah `n bdrcn ahmean. Hstd nyuan cujgd n thohr jdcuoeúo jdo `ds ghrcnods ouhvds phrd tncmeåo n bdrtn`hjhr`hs hsperetun`choth, h` aesjepu`nad od ahmh prd`doinrsh cîs n``î ah uon gdrn trheotn ceoutds, y hs rhjdchoanm`h quh `ds vnrdohs sd`ds od vesetho n cufhrhs sd`ns y vejhvhrsn, junoad sdo cufhrhs sd`ns hs chfdr hovenr n uon cufhr n vesetnr`h d n uo cntrecdoed. Ahmhcds thohr cujgd jueanad ho quh `ns vesetns tehoho uo prdpúsetd ahbeoead, noecnr n `ds ghrcnods n nsester n `n ei`hsen, jun`quehr dtrd prdpúsetd quh od jdrrhspdoan n `n haebejnjeúo hsperetun` ah` vesetnad ahmh shr ahshjgnad pnrn od jnhr ho pn`nmrhrãns vnons y anþdsns. H` aesjepu`nad sehcprh ahmh shr h` nprdmnad pdr h` pnstdr.

>:

 

 

JN[EQX@D REE6 @NZ CHQNZ U @N ]XQN H` ceoesthred ah rutns n` eiun` quh `n ei`hsen ahmh hstnr susthotnad pdr h` pdahr ah Aeds y h` jnpetîo ho pnrteju`nr ahmh thohr chtns phrsdon`hs jdo Aeds pnrn hsth ceoesthred, n` cescd tehcpd, ahmh snmhr trnosceter hstns n sus sumdraeonads. Ho ce hxphreho hxphrehojen jen ah rutns sehcprh ch gn noecnad cujgd ho chosnfh ah` [nstdr Fnjl Gy`hs, ‐Qho uo Zuhþd–,  ho vhrana buojedon.

@ns chtns hstnm`hjeans ho `n rutn puhaho shr `ns seiuehoths6 >. Zn`vds pdr sîmnad, `ds dmrhrds puhaho befnrsh uon chtn ah 8 jnan uod y od ersh gnstn quh jnan uod ah h``ds ``hiuh n su chtn. =. Eovetnads ho h` chs, hstn hs uon chtn eo eothrhsnoth thrhsnoth,, `ds dmrhrds sh hsb hsbuhrzno uhrzno cîs ho tr trnhr nhr phrsdons n `n ei`hsen, hs sdrprhoahoth vhr `d quh uon phquhþn chtn puhah gnjhr. :. Inonr n`cns jehrtn jnoteana ah tehcpd, quezî od pdoin chtn ah sn`vds phrd puhaho aurnoth > d ads chshs eojrhchotnr h` tehcpd ah inonr n`cns ho `n rutn. 1. Drnjeúo pdr `n rutn sh puhah gnjhr aurnoth h` cescd sîmnad d meho uo aãn ah `n shcnon rhuoersh pnrn drnr hsphjãbejnchoth hsphjãbejnchoth pdr `n rutn, sus chtns, sus cehcmrds, sus suhþds. 8. Aãns hsphjen`hs sh puhah ho jddphrnjeúo ah `ds ghrcnods d ah `ds dmrhrds thohr uo aãn hsphjen` jdo `ds cehcmrds ah `n rutn, puhaho drinoeznr hsjuh`etns mãm`ejns, thohr uon dmrn ah thntrds, htj. Zehcprh tdad ahmh shr rhspn`anad pdr `n nutdreana pnstdrn`. 2. Xon jdcphthojen eothron hotrh `ds dmrhrds njhrjn ah eovetnr phrsdons, sh puhaho gnjhr = d cîs hquepds y jdcphter, n` beon` h` phrahadr pnin uo prhced n` inonadr. 9. Mnutezds 7. Bdrcnjeúo ah dmrhrds, jehrtn jnoteana ah inonadrhs ah n`cns 5. Aeveaer `n rutn ho ads îrhns pdr jnusn ah` jrhjecehotd ah `n cescn >;. Xon jdcphthojen hotrh rutns tncmeåo cdtevn n `ds ghrcnods, sehcprh quh sh gnin tdad gdohstd nuoquh hsth thcn `d trntnrå jdo cîs ncp`etua ho h` jnpãtu`d ah `ds ph`eirds ah `n rutn. Qdad gdcmrh hxetdsd tehoh chtns, `ds hcprhsnreds, uo hquepd ah butmd`, uo jehotãbejd, htj. Nsã uo inonadr ah n`cns y uo jnpetîo ah rutn ahmho thohr chtns gnjen h` ceoesthred.

>1

 

 

JN[EQX@D REEE6 AEBH]HOQHZ MHOHBEJEDZ AH @N ]XQN @ns ]utns jdcd `d jdodjhcds ho h` jãrju`d mnutestn buoanchotn` hs uo ceoesthred quh prhshotn cujgns mdoanahs y pdr hxphrehojen phrsdon` gh jdcprdmnad tdans y jnan uon ah `ns prhshotnans ho hsth cnoun`, od `ns drahonrå pdr ecpdrtnojen d n`id shchfnoth, od vn uon sdmrh `n dtrn, cîs meho sdo uo rhsu`tnad cö`tep`h n uon njjeúo. N jdoteounjeúo uon `estn ah `ns vhotnfns quh jdojhah h` ceoesthred ah rutns6 >. Hs cuy ö te` ho h` hotrhoncehotd ah prhaejnadrhs6  Junoad sh tehoh uo trnospdrth jdo subejehoth hspnjed jdcd uo cejrdmös d jnceúo ah pnsnfhrds, `ds fúvhohs puhaho prhpnrnr thcns shoje``ds y jdchoznr n prhaejnr aurnoth h` trnosjursd ah` venfh, hs ah muho îoecd ho `n rutn se sh ``hvn uon iuetnrrn y sh jnotno jdretds. =. Jrhjecehotd ah `n ei`hsen, `ns phrsdons ah `n rutn quh sh vno nþnaehoad, `d gnjho tncmeåo n `n ei`hsen `djn` eojrhchotnoad jdo h` tehcpd `n chcmrhsãn ah `n ei`hsen. Cnaurhz hz ah `ns dvhfns , h` vesetnr n `ds ouhvds jdovhrteads :. Cnaur jdovhrteads `hs nyuan ho `n jdcuoeúo jdcuoeúo ah `ds ghrcnods, h` aesjepu`nr`hs, `hs jdojhah jrhjecehotd y h` nsester n `n ei`hsen `hs nyuan

ho su bdrtn`hzn hsperetun`, ho jdofuotd hstd trnh cnaurhz, tdad h``d eoejen ho h` ceoesthred ah rutns. beo noznss ah `n ei`hsen6  Dvhfns cnaurns prdaujho jdrnzdohs ihohrdsds 1. Eojrhchotn `ns beonozn

y jdo h` tehcpd `ns beonozns ah `n ei`hsen sdo mhoahjeans, `n rutn sh gnjh nutdsubejehoth y cujgns vhjhs prdaujh pnrn ouhvns rutns. 8. Cnotehoh uo hspãretu nvevnad6  N`id quh noecn cujgd n `ds jrestenods hs vhr ouhvds jdovhrteads, h` ceoesthred ah rutn meho aereiead nyuan n cnothohr uo hspãretu vevd ho `ds inonadrhs ah n`cns, y nyuan n `n ei`hsen ho shr cdtevnan n eovetnr cîs phrsdons. Cnotehoh otehoh `n dmhaehojen n` cnoantd ah Fhsös ah `n I Irno rno jdceseú jdc eseúo o. 2. Cn 9. Gdcmrhs y cufhrhs rhjemho s u ``ncnad ho hsth ceoesthred 6 [uhad ahjer`hs ah 2 (uod yn pnstdrhnoad uon ah ouhstrns noteiuns cesedohs) fúvhohs ah ouhstrn ei`hsen quh sh gno cdtevnad ho hsth ceoesthred y quh gno rhjemead su ``ncnad pnrn shrver n Aeds (Xod ah h``ds drnoad pdr er ah Cesedohrd n` Hjunadr y 1 Ho h` Jd`hied Mãm`ejd) , yd cescd bue ``ncnad y jrhd quh cujgd ah `d quh Aeds dmrú ho ce vean buh prdaujtd ah hsth ceoesthred, h` trnmnfd ho rutns prdaujh uo jdrnzúo tehrod, shosem`h sho sem`h n `ns n`cns, uo hspãretu ah drnjeúo ho queho ncn n `ds ghrcnods, sh vh `n cnod ah Aeds.

>8

 

 

JN[EQX@D EW6 [H@EI]DZ AH@ CEOEZQH]ED AH ]XQNZ Driu``d6   Xon rutn hxetdsn hs prdaujtd ah` pdahr y `n irnjen ah Aeds usnoad `n beah`eana ah`

dmrhrd, phrd h` aenm`d trntn cujgns vhjhs ah hovnohjhr h` phosncehotd, ah jdoaujer`d gnjen `n nutdhxn`tnjeúo, cujgds gno jnãad ho `n trncpn y hovnohjeåoadsh thoaehrdo `nzd n su prdped jnceod. H` driu``d od hotrn ho h` jdrnzúo ho uo aãn, h` aenm`d hs pnjehoth y jdcd junoad Onmujdadodsdr sh hovnohjeú ah su irno Mnme`doen, nsã uo jnpetîo ah rutn ah cdchotd puhah shr thotnad n `d cescd. Beonozns6  Junoad `ns beonozns od sdo buhrths ho uon ei`hsen od puhahs hstnm`hjhr

cujgns rutns, ohjhsetns er uon pdr uon, nbercîoad`ns pdjd n pdjd jdo pnjehojen, jdo `ds nþds vhrîs h` rhsu`tnad, Aeds mhoaejh. N`id ecpdrtnoth quh od ahmhs d`veanr hs quh od hstîs ho jdcphthojen jdo dtrds, od th prhsedohs pdrquh dtrd pnstdr yn hstnm`hjeú 8 rutns y tö sd`d tehohs uon, an i`dren n Aeds pdr h` quh tehoh 8 y gdorn n Aeds jdo `n jnpnjeana quh Aeds th gn anad n te, jdo hstd od quehrd quh sh pehosh ah cnohrn jdobdrcestn, od, ho oeoiuon cnohrn, sehcprh ahmhcds jrhjhr y phosnr ho gnjhr cîs pnrn Aeds phrd jdobdrch n `n jnpnjeana quh å` cescd ods dtdrin ‐H` hs queho rhpnrth `ds tn`hotds jdobdrch n ouhstrn jnpnjeana –

Ct . =86>8 

 Njjj eaho  Nj ea hoths ths 6   Qhohr rutns hbhjtevnchoth ecp`ejn uon irno rhspdosnme`eana, junoad `ds

trnospdrths sdo ah `n ei`hsen sh ahmh shr cuy pruahoths n` cdchotd ah jdoaujer `ds nutdmushs, cejrdmushs d jncedohtns pdr `n rhspdosnme`eana tno irnoah quh ecp`ejn trnospdrtnr phrsdons, uo njjeahoth djnsedonad pdr odsdtrds puhah gnjhr uo irno anþd n `n ei`hsen, pdr h``d hs rhjdchoanm`h quh queho cnohfh berch `n rhspdosevn, thoin su `ejhojen ho draho y shn uo jdoaujtdr pruahoth. Od hs cuy rhjdchoanm`h thohr tnotds nutdmushs ah `n ei`hsen, hs chfdr rhotnr trnospdrths pdrquh hstîo nshiurnads. Ho junotd n` cnothoecehotd ah` trnospdrth ahmh

shr jdoteoud, od ahmhcds ahfnr ‐jnhr– h` vhgãju`d pdrquh sh jdrrho cîs rehsids, y `ns

rhpnrnjedohs ah n`id shoje``d puhah jdovhrtersh ho uo irno instd pnrn `n ei`hsen. [rdm`hcns6  N vhjhs hxestho prdm`hcns hotrh hotrh `ds dmrhrds ah `n rutn d jdo `ds cehcmrds

ah `n cescn, h` jnpetîo ahmh shr snmed, pruahoth y ahjdrdsd n `n gdrn ah sd`ujedonr`ds, h` jnpetîo od ahmh gnjhr mnoads, ahmh np`ejnr np`e jnr h` rhi`nchotd ah `n rutn rut n pdr eiun` y cnothohr `n pnz y `n uoeana ho `n rutn. Qrncpns6   Hsphjen`choth ho `ns jdcphthojens hotrh rutns jdo h` nbîo ah inonr,

ghrcnods jnho ho `n thotnjeúo ah gnjhr trncpn, peaho nyuan ah dtrns rutns eojurrehoad ho ahsgdohsteana. Od sh ahmh hoinþnr n `ns phrsdons d cnoepu`nr`ns cnoepu`nr`n s pnrn quh nsestno n `n ei`hsen, ho ce rutn tuvh uon vhz n uon ghrcnon quh `hs ahjãn ‐vncds n `n ei`hsen ah Zno Funo Mnutestn–

>2

 

 

ho vhz ah cdstrnr`hs quh hrn uon Ei`hsen Mnutestn. @NZ Q]NC[NZ NBHJQNO H@ QHZQECDOED AH@ JN[EQÎO, @DZ DM]H]DZ, @N EI@HZEN U ZDO XON JNXZN [N]N M@NZBHCN] H@ ODCM]H AH J]EZQD. Zehcprh ahmhcds jucp`er `d quh prdchthcds, ho

uon ah `ns rutns quh ods tdjú `hvnotnr, odtncds n `n ihoth cuy ahsjdothotn jdo `n ei`hsen, dmshrvå quh gnmãn n`id ho jdcöo `n quhfn hrn quh sh `hs prdchtehrdo ahsphosns quh ouojn buhrdo hotrhinans. Jdcd jnpetîo y pdr ncdr n `ns n`cns drinoejå n `ds dmrhrds ah rutn pnrn quh jnan uod ho su îrhn eovhsteinrn junotns ahsphosns sh ahmãno, n` jdothd beon` tuvecds quh rhpdohr cîs ah 2; ahsphosns, buecds jnsn pdr jnsn peaehoad uon aesju`pn pdr `d quh gnmãn sujhaead y hotrhincds `n ahsphosn, hsd trnfd `n mhoaejeúo ah Aeds y `n jdobenozn ho `n ei`hsen. Ahphoahoje Ah phoahojen n ah `n ]utn6 Ghrcnods quh od cnaurno se od gny rutn od ``hino `` hino n `n ei`hsen, od ahmhcds ahphoahr ah `ns rutns `ds ghrcnods ahmho shr hoshþnads n ‐jnceonr–.  

>9

 

 

JDOJ@XZEÚO6  Xon ei`hsen quh trnmnfn ho rutns hs uon ei`hsen cuy mhoahjean, hs uon ei`hsen quh jucp`h `n irno jdceseúo, hsth `emrd hstî aeshþnad pnrn quh pdancds hstnm`hjhr hsth ceoesthred ah uon cnohrn shoje``n y prîjtejn, jdotehoh `ds preojepeds mîsejds pnrn hstnm`hjhr hsth ceoesthred y `ns jun`eanahs quh h` jnpetîo ah rutn ahmh thohr, `ns njteveanahs quh `ds dmrhrds ahmho rhn`eznr, `ds prdm`hcns cîs jdcuohs n `ds quh sh hobrhotn h` ceoesthred ah rutns y dtrds jdoshfds, phrd `d quh od ahmhcds d`veanr hs quh tdad hstd sh gnjh pdr `n irnjen ah Aeds y ho h` pdahr ah Aeds.

>7