Manual de Peugeot - 406 - 1995-2004 - Manual - de - Taller
September 8, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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K`hu`l ma fhstruccfj fhstruccfjhas has ^augajt =>9 S`ljjh S`ljjh
^augajt =>9 Ast`ta Ast`ta
Al ^augajt =>9 S`ljjh sa fhtrjmuoj ` prfhcfpfjs ma 0669. Ljs prfkarjs kjmaljs jiracfmjs cjh ljs sfgufahtas kjtjras sjh? kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 0.93
3
3
3
(012> ck ), 0.2- (0790 ck ) y 4.>-x (0662 ck ) lflftrjs trjs y kjtjr turdj mfasal ma 0.6 lftrjs (06>1 ck ). Ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` RQ tfahah uh àrdjl ma lav`s ah c`daz` y cu`trj cflfhmrjs5 Kjtjr SJBC ma 0.9 lftrjs cjh 2 vàlvul`s, y kjtjras MJBC ma 0.2
lftrjs y 4.> lftrjs cjh 09 vàlvul`s. Kjtjr mfæsal ma l` sarfa RQM SJBC cjh 2 vàlvul`s. Al kjtjr astà kjht`mj tr`hsvars`lkahta ah irahta mal `utjkóvfl, cjh uh` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas kjht`m` ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. ]jmjs ljs `utjs astàh aqufp`mjs cjh uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs k`hu`l (l` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` sa fhtrjmuoj kàs t`rma ah `lguhjs kjtjras). ]jmjs ljs kjmaljs tfahah suspahsfóh mal`htar` y tr`sar` tjt`lkahta fhmapahmfahtas, qua fhcluyah `kjrtfgu`mjras y rasjrtas balfcjfm`las, `së cjkj uh sfstak` ma `lfha`cfóh ma l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s `dsjlut`kahta ÿhfcj. Axfsta uh` `kplf` g`k` ma aqufpjs astàhm`r mfspjhfdlas ` pamfmj p`r` tjmjs ljs gustjs, cjkj cfarra cahtr`lfz`mj, vaht`h`s alæctrfc`s y uh tacbj sjl`r alæctrfcj. Al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj iua sukfhfstr`mj sólj d`oj patfcfóh. Ah al var`hj ma 0669. Sa prasahtó 4.0 lftrjs (4>22 ck 3`) kjtjr turdj mfasal cjh 04 vàlvul`s. @ prfhcfpfjs ma 0667, ^augajt prasahtó al kjmalj AS]@]A (v`góh), `së cjkj al kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` Y9 (hj prasaht`mj ah ast` guë`). Sfh akd`rgj, astjs cjcbas sjh lfgar`kahta mfiarahtas. Suoatj `l k`htahfkfahtj ragul`r racjkahm`mj pjr al i`drfc`hta, al `utjkóvfl sarà cjhif`dla y acjhókfcj. Al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr astà dfah mfsað`mj y l` k`yjrë` ma ljs lug`ras qua raqufarah uh k`htahfkfahtj iracuahta sjh iàcflkahta `ccasfdlas.
Fhtrjmuccfóh ^augajt =>9 S`ljjh S`ljjh
^augajt =>9 Ast`ta Ast`ta
Al ^augajt =>9 S`ljjh sa fhtrjmuoj ` prfhcfpfjs ma 0669. Ljs prfkarjs kjmaljs jiracfmjs cjh ljs sfgufahtas kjtjras sjh? kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 0.9(012> ck 3 ), 0.2- (0790 ck 3 ) y 4.>-x (0662 ck 3 ) lflftrjs trjs y kjtjr turdj mfasal ma 0.6 lftrjs (06>1 ck 3 ). Ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` RQ tfahah uh àrdjl ma lav`s ah c`daz` y cu`trj cflfhmrjs5 Kjtjr SJBC ma 0.9 lftrjs cjh 2 vàlvul`s, y kjtjras MJBC ma 0.2 lftrjs y 4.> lftrjs cjh 09 vàlvul`s. Kjtjr mfæsal ma l` sarfa RQM SJBC cjh 2 vàlvul`s. Al kjtjr astà kjht`mj tr`hsvars`lkahta ah irahta mal `utjkóvfl, cjh uh` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas kjht`m` ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. ]jmjs ljs `utjs astàh aqufp`mjs cjh uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs k`hu`l (l` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` sa fhtrjmuoj kàs t`rma ah `lguhjs kjtjras). ]jmjs ljs kjmaljs tfahah suspahsfóh mal`htar` y tr`sar` tjt`lkahta fhmapahmfahtas, qua fhcluyah `kjrtfgu`mjras y rasjrtas balfcjfm`las, `së cjkj uh sfstak` ma `lfha`cfóh ma l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s `dsjlut`kahta ÿhfcj. Axfsta uh` `kplf` g`k` ma aqufpjs astàhm`r mfspjhfdlas ` pamfmj p`r` tjmjs ljs gustjs, cjkj cfarra cahtr`lfz`mj, vaht`h`s alæctrfc`s y uh tacbj sjl`r alæctrfcj. Al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj iua sukfhfstr`mj sólj d`oj patfcfóh. Ah al var`hj ma 0669. Sa prasahtó 4.0 lftrjs (4>22 ck 3`) kjtjr turdj mfasal cjh 04 vàlvul`s. @ prfhcfpfjs ma 0667, ^augajt prasahtó al kjmalj AS]@]A (v`góh), `së cjkj al kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` Y9 (hj prasaht`mj ah ast` guë`). Sfh akd`rgj, astjs cjcbas sjh lfgar`kahta mfiarahtas. Suoatj `l k`htahfkfahtj ragul`r racjkahm`mj pjr al i`drfc`hta, al `utjkóvfl sarà cjhif`dla y acjhókfcj. Al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr astà dfah mfsað`mj y l` k`yjrë` ma ljs lug`ras qua raqufarah uh k`htahfkfahtj iracuahta sjh iàcflkahta `ccasfdlas.
Sf al kjtjr hj `rr`hc` y al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua hj iuhcfjh`. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sf 0. Sf asta as uh kjmalj cjh uh` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, `sagÿrasa ma qua l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs astæ ah "^" j "H". 4. @dr` 4. @dr` al c`pó y `sagÿrasa ma qua ljs pjljs ma l` d`tarë` astæh lfkpfjs y ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj. 3. Ahcfahm` 3. Ahcfahm` ljs i`rjs a fhtahta `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. Sf l`s lucas sa `tahÿ`h cu`hmj fhtaht` `rr`hc`r al kjtjr, as prjd`dla qua l` d`tarë` astæ masc`rg`m`. Ah asta c`sj, fhtahta `rr`hc`r al kjtjr masma uh` iuahta axtarh`. Aoacut`r masma uh` iuahta axtarh` (jtrj cjcba) @mvartahcf` @sagÿrasa
ma
@sagÿrasa
ma
]ahg`
ah
Ljs
`p`g`r qua
tjmjs cuaht`
al ljs tjm`s
cjcbas
ahcahmfmj
aqufpjs
alæctrfcjs l`s
`htas
ma
(lucas,
c`laht`mjras,
prac`ucfjhas
aspacf`las
hj
cjhact`r
uh`
d`tarë`
lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s,
atc.)
astæh
prascrft`s
ah
l`
axtarh`. `p`g`mjs.
madah
@sagÿrasa ma qua l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas astæ ah puhtj kuartj (j Ast`cfjh`kfahtj, ah al c`sj ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`).
d`tarë`. tjc`rsa.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjhacta 0. Cjhacta uh axtrakj ma uh c`dla rjoj gr`hma `l tarkfh`l pjsftfvj (+) ma uh` d`tarë` masc`rg`m`.
4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta al jtrj axtrakj mal c`dla rjoj `l tarkfh`l pjsftfvj (+) ma l` d`tarë` axtarh`.
3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta uh axtrakj ma uh c`dla hagrj ma gr`h c`lfdra `l tarkfh`l hag`tfvj (-) ma l` d`tarë` axtarh`.
=. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al jtrj axtrakj mal c`dla hagrj ma saccfóh tr`hsvars`l gr`hma ` l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` j alakahtj mal cuarpj mal vabëculj qua sa astà `rr`hc`hmj laojs ma l` d`tarë`.
1. @sagÿrasa 1. @sagÿrasa ma qua ljs c`dlas hj ahtrah ah cjht`ctj cjh al vahtfl`mjr, l`s cjrra`s ma tr`hskfsfóh u jtr`s p`rtas gfr`tjrf`s mal kjtjr. 9. @rr`hqua 9. @rr`hqua al kjtjr cjh uh` iuahta axtarh` (al kjtjr mal vabëculj ma jrfgah mada ast`r `l r`lahtë). 7. Maspuæs 7. Maspuæs ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr mal `utjkóvfl cjh l` d`tarë` masc`rg`m`, mascjhacta ljs c`dlas ah jrmah fhvarsj. Sf al kjtjr hj `rr`hc`, fhclusj sf al `rr`hc`mjr iuhcfjh` hjrk`lkahta Lug`ras p`r` l` cjkprjd`cfó cjkprjd`cfóh h ma cjkpjhahtas cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs. alæctrfcjs.
9 ) @, D, C, M. Sftfjs ma fhspaccfóh (væ`hsa ljs pàrr`ijs 3 ` 9 TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada sf b`y cjkdustfdla ah al t`hqua. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada sf b`y bukam`m ah ljs cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs mad`oj ma l` c`kp`h`. @p`gua l` fghfcfóh, luagj lfkpfa ljs cjkpjhahtas bÿkamjs cjh uh p`ðj sacj. @plfqua uh spr`y rapalahta `l `gu` (WM-=> j aqufv`lahta) ` ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs (cjhsulta l` ifgur` Ifg. ^`r` var ljs cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs ). ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh `l cjhactjr ma c`dla`mj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa. Ljs kjtjras mfasal usu`lkahta hj alæctrfcjs suirah ma t`l "ahiarkam`m". 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al ravastfkfahtj ma plàstfcj y varfifqua al ast`mj y l` cjhif`dflfm`m ma l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l` d`tarë` (@).
=. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras (D) mal c`dla`mj alæctrfcj astæh dfah cjhact`mjs (sa kuastr` uh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` ma 4.> lftrjs).
1. Yarfifqua 1. Yarfifqua l` cjhif`dflfm`m mal c`dla`mj mal gahar`mjr (C).
9. Cjkprjd`r 9. Cjkprjd`r l` fhtagrfm`m mal iusfdla (M).
Cjkprjd`hmj l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s cjhaxfjhas. L` prasahcf` ma cb`rcjs ah al pfsj mal g`r`oa j kjtjr, j l` bukam`m `p`rahta mad`oj mal c`pó j ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl, sugfara uh` iug` qua sa mada ahcjhtr`r y rap`r`r ma fhkamf`tj. @ vacas puama sar mfiëcfl mata matarkfh`r rkfh`r l` udfc`cfóh ma uh` iug`, aspacf`lkahta sf al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr astà kuy sucfj. Qh` iug` ma `cafta j ilufmj t`kdfæh puama sar mavualt` pjr al iluoj ma `fra mad`oj mal `utjkóv `utjkóvfl, fl, cra`hmj uh` i`ls` fkprasfóh ma móhma sa ahcuahtr` l` iug`. Al `cafta mal kjtjr puama gjta`r mal t`póh ma mrah`oa.
Al `cafta mal kjtjr puama ifltr`rsa ` tr`væs ma l`s d`sas mal ifltrj ma `cafta.
Al `cafta puama ifltr`rsa ` tr`væs ma ljs salljs ah ljs axtrakjs fhtarhjs ma ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh.
L` iug` ma `htfcjhgal`hta suala mao`r uh` pàtfh` tr`hsp`rahta.
L`s iug`s ah l`s ruam`s sjlj puamah sar pjr al lëqufmj lë qufmj ma irahjs.
Al lëqufmj ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` puama gjta`r ma ljs cjhactjras ma l` tudarë` ah al ast`hta ma cjhtrjl.
Takjlqua Cjhmfcfjhas
ma
Qsa
uh
c`dla
rakjlqua rakjlqua ma
rakjlqua
`macu`mj.
Gfra l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj ` l` pjsfcfóh "jh" p`r` qua sa lfdara al dljquaj ma l` mfraccfóh y iuhcfjhah ljs fhmfc`mjras fhmfc`mjras ma mf raccfóh y l`s lucas ma irahj. Sualta
al
irahj
ma
k`hj
`htas
ma
rakjlc`r5
cjljqua
l`
p`l`hc`
ma
c`kdfjs
ah
l`
pjsfcfóh
hautr`l.
]ahg` ah cuaht` qua sa raqufara kàs asiuarzj p`r` `plfc`r al pam`l mal irahj, y` qua al sarvjirahj sjlj iuhcfjh` cu`hmj al kjtjr astà ah k`rcb`. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh mfraccfóh `sfstfm` t`kdfæh sa raquarfrà kàs asiuarzj p`r` gfr`r al vjl`hta. @mvartahcf` Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, al rakjlqua astà parkftfmj ` uh` valjcfm`m ma hj kàs ma 71 ek / by uh` mfst`hcf` ma hj kàs ma 0>> ek. Sf sa mada supar`r uhj ma astjs fhmfc`mjras, ahtjhcas l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s madah alav`rsa sjdra al sualj.
Sftfjs ma cbaquas sak`h`las Kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` ma 4.> lftrjs (0.2 lftrjs as sfkfl`r) sfkfl`r)
@. L` v`rfll` kamfmjr` p`r` kamfr al hfval ma `cafta M. Mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs D. Cuallj ma llah`mj ma `cafta A. Mapósftj ma l`v`mj mal p`r`drfs`s C. ]`hqua ma axp`hsfóh I. D`tarë` G. Mapósftj ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` Kjtjr mfasal ma 0.6 lftrjs lftrjs
@. v`rfll` kamfr al hfval ma `cafta M. Mapósftj ma ma l`v`mj lëqufmj mal ma irahjs D. L` Cuallj ma kamfmjr` llah`mj map`r` `cafta A. Mapósftj p`r`drfs`s C. ]`hqua ma axp`hsfóh I. D`tarë` G. Mapósftj ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` Kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs
@. L` v`rfll` kamfmjr` p`r` kamfr al hfval ma `cafta M. Mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs D. Cuallj ma llah`mj ma `cafta A. Mapósftj ma l`v`mj mal p`r`drfs`s C. ]`hqua ma axp`hsfóh I. D`tarë` G. Mapósftj ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` ]`dlarj cjkÿh
0. Fhtarruptjr ma cjhtrjl ma valjcfm`m 4. Cudfart` mal `frd`g mal cjhmuctjr 3. ^`hal ma `ousta mal aspaoj ratrjvfsjr cjh `ccfjh`kfahtj alæctrfcj. Fhtarruptjr ma dljquaj ma l` vaht`h` alæctrfc` ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar`. ^`hal ma cjhtrjl ma l`s vaht`h`s alæctrfc`s =. @ousta mal i`rj 1. ^`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl p`r` ljs fhmfc`mjras ma flukfh`cfóh, djcfh` y mfraccfóh. Fhtarruptjr p`r` i`rjs `htfhfadl` `htfhfad l` y i`rjs mal`htarjs y tr`sarjs 9. Taofll` ma vahtfl`cfóh fzqufarm`. Djqufll` sjpl`mjr` ma vfmrfj ma l` vaht`h` fzqufarm` 7. @lt`vjz f zqufarmj 2. ^`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl ma r`mfj 6. ^`l`hc` ma lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s y lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s ma cjhtrjl ma r`mfj.Fhtarruptjr ma cjkput`mjr` ` djrmj 0>. Taljo cjh p`ht`ll` mfgft`l. 00. Fhtarruptjr ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj ma ratrjflukfh`cfóh. Fhtarruptjr ma luz ma `l`rk`. Fhtarruptjr mal mascjhgal`mjr ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar`
04. Taofll` ma vahtfl`cfóh cahtr`l 03. ^`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh 0=. Djqufll`s ma sjpl`mj mal p`r`drfs`s 01. Cudfart` ma l` djls` ma `fra p`r` al p`s`oarj mal`htarj 09. Cudfart` ma l` gu`htar` 07. Taofll` ma vahtfl`cfóh maracb` 02. Djqufll` ma sjpl`mj ma vfmrfj mal l`mj maracbj 06. @lt`vjz maracbj 4>. ^`hal ma cjhtrjl mal `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj 40 T`hur` mal racaptjr 44. ^`l`hc` ma c`kdfj ma k`rcb` 43. Cahfcarj mal`htarj 4=. Taofll` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal cjhmuctj p`r` sukfhfstr`r `fra c`lfahta `l àra` ma l`s p`t`s ma ljs p`s`oarj p`s`oarjss tr`sarjs 41. Ahcahmamjr ma cfg`rrflljs 49. Fhtarruptjras ma c`lai`ccfóh alæctrfcjs mal `sfahtj fzqufarmj y maracbj 47. ^`l`hc` mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj 42. Cahfcarj tr`sarj 46. Dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj cjh mfspjsftfvj `htfrrjdj 3>. ^`l`hc` ma `ousta mal vjl`hta ma mfraccfóh 30. C`o` ma iusfdlas
Cjhtrjl rakjtj pjr fhir`rrjojs Qs`hmj al cjhtrjl rakjtj ma fhir`rrjojs, puama carr`r y `drfr sfkultàha`kahta l`s carr`mur`s ma tjm`s l`s puart`s y l` t`p` mal k`latarj. Mfrfo` al b`z mal akfsjr ` tr`væs mal crfst`l b`cf` al racaptjr udfc`mj sjdra al aspaoj ratrjvfsjr fhtarhj, y prasfjha al djtóh.
]`roat` ma fmahtfm`m L` t`roat` tr`d`oj tfaha uhcjh cómfgj ma fmahtfifc`cfóh hacas`rfj cu`lqufar al sfstak` `htfrrjdj. Asta cómfgjp`r` astà cudfartj cjh uh` palëcul`, qua mada `rr`hc`rsa sjlj cu`hmj sa` hacas`rfj.
Avft`r qua ljs hfðjs `dr`h l`s puart`s tr`sar`s.
L` carr`mur` axcluya l` pjsfdflfm`m ma `drfr l`s puart` puart`ss tr`sar`s masma al fhtarfjr mal vabëculj. ^`r` dljqua`r l` puart`, usa l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj p`r` gfr`r al djtóh rjoj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) uh cu`rtj ma vualt`. Al mfspjsftfvj qua dljqua` l`s puart`s tr`sar`s hj mapahma mal iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal sfstak` ma cfarra cahtr`l
Cjhtrjl rakjtj pjr r`mfj cjhtrjl ma puart`
^`r` dljqua`r y masdljqua`r l`s puart`s y al pjrtóh tr`sarj, `puhta al cjhtrjl rakjtj `l `utjkóvfl y prasfjha al djtóh @. Al fhmfc`mjr rjoj sfrva p`r` cjhtrjl`r l` d`tarë`.
Al cfarra j l` l ` `partur` ma l` carr`mur` cahtr` cahtr`ll sa cjhifrk` `l ahcahmar l` luz ma cruca c ruca mur`hta uhjs uhjs 4 saguhmjs. Sf uh` ma l`s puart`s mal`htar`s hj astà dfah carr`m`, sa c`hcal` al cjk`hmj p`r` `ctfv`r al dljquaj cahtr`l. Ah c`sj ma pærmfm` j i`ll` mal cjhtrjl rakjtj, l`s carr`mur`s ma l`s puart`s sa puamah `drfr cjh l` ll`va. ^`r` `ccamar ` l` d`tarë`, `dr` l` c`o` mal cjhtrjl rakjtj. D`tarë`? CT 094>. L` p`l`hc` qua `dra ryuee` ma l` djc` mal t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
^`r` `drfr l` t`p` mal mapósftj ma cjkdustfdla, lav`hta cjkplat`kahta l` p`l`hc` (fhmfc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) udfc`m` ah al pfsj ` l` fzqufarm` mal `sfahtj mal cjhmuctjr.
Ah al fhtarfjr ma l` sjl`p` b`y uh sjpjrta p`r` l` t`p` mal cuallj mal t`hqua y uh` atfquat` cjh ljs gr`mjs ma cjkdustfdla racjkahm`mjs y prjbfdfmjs. C`p`cfm`m mal t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla - uhjs 7> lftrjs. Sfstak` `htfrrjdj alactróhfcj. Asta sfstak` `htfrrjdj la parkfta dljqua`r al sfstak` ma `mkfhfstr`cfóh mal kjtjr y hj parkfta qua al kjtjr `rr`hqua ` uh` parsjh` qua hj tahg` uh` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj. C`m` cl`va tfaha su prjpfj cómfgj. Cu`hmj l` ll`va sa fhsart` ah l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj, al sfstak` `htfrrjdj racjhjca al cómfgj ma l` ll`va y sa s a puama `rr`hc`r al kjtjr.
Al sfstak` alactróhfcj `htfrrjdj `p`g` `utjkàtfc`kahta al sfstak` ma gastfóh mal kjtjr uhjs saguhmjs maspuæs ma qua sa `p`g` al ahcahmfmj. Yàlvul` ma cfarra cfarra ma cjkdustf cjkdustfdla dla
L` sagurfm`m cjhtr` fhcahmfjs ah c`sj ma uh `ccfmahta gr`va as prjpjrcfjh`m` pjr uh` vàlvul` (fhmfc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`), qua cjrt` `utjkàtfc`kahta al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla `l kjtjr. ^`r` ra`hum`r al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla `l kjtjr, prasfjha al djtóh ma l` vàlvul`.
Cjhvartfmjr c`t`lëtfcj Al
cjhvartfmjr
c`t`lëtfcj
as
Qsa
uh
mfspjsftfvj
qua
raqufara
sjlj
`tahcfóh
y
prac`ucfóh
g`sjlfh`
mur`hta
al
iuhcfjh`kfahtj
sfh
mal
vabëculj. pljkj.
Tapjsta cjkdustfdla cjkdustf dla ma k`har` jpjrtuh` t`h prjhtj cjkj sa ahcfahm` al fhmfc`mj r ma hfval ma cjkdustfdla këhfkj ah al t`hqua? uh` c`htfm`m fhsuifcf fhsuifcfahta ahta ma cjkdustfdla puama c`us`r fhtarrupcfjhas ah al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr. Astà prjbfdfmj `plfc`r cu`lqufar `mftfvj `l `cafta mal kjtjr, lj qua puama prjvjc`r m`ðjs gr`vas y al i`llj mal c`t`lfz`mjr. Qtflfca ÿhfc`kahta ljs `mftfvjs ma cjkdustfdla racjkahm`mjs pjr ^augajt. Sf
as
pjsfdla,
avfta
Hj Hj
ljs
iracuahtas,
iuarca `ukahta
l`
uhj
tr`s
jtrj,
al valjcfm`m
mal
al
kjtjr
`rr`hc`
cfgüað`l kjtjr
fhkamf`t`kahta
`
d`o`s
takpar`tur`s.
mal `htas
ma
`p`g`r
kjtjr. al
ahcahmfmj.
Avfta ast`cfjh`rsa ast`cf jh`rsa ah ascjkdrjs fhil` fhil`k`dlas k`dlas (bjo`s sac`s j bfard`), bfa rd`), y` qua Ljs g`sas ma as asc`pa c`pa mal kjtjr tfahah uh` `lt` takpar`tur`. Sf `rr`hc`r al kjtjr tfaha mfifcult`mas, hj cjhtfhÿa cjh ljs fhtahtjs i`llfmjs ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. @makàs, hj `rr`hqua al kjtjr rakjlc`hmj j akpuo`hmj, y` qua Al cjkdustfdla sfh quak`r puama mas`ctfv`r al c`t`lfz`mjr. Sf b`y fhtarrupcfjhas ah al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj j uh` pærmfm` ma pjtahcf` mal kjtjr, ramuzc` l` valjcfm`m y póhg`sa ah cjht`ctj cjh l` ast`cfóh ma sarvfcfj lj `htas pjsfdla. Sf sa ascucb` uh `ukahtj ma rufmj, cjkpruada al ast`mj mal sfstak` ma asc`pa.
]`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs (vabëculjs cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` y mfæsal). m fæsal).
0. Djtóh ma `ousta mal raljo 4. Taljo 3. Fhmfc`mjr ma c`ëm` ma prasfóh mal `cafta mal kjtjr =. Luz fhmfc`mjr` ma gfrj ` l` fzqufarm` 1. Fhmfc`mjr ma sað`l ma gfrj (S]J^) 9. Luz fhmfc`mjr` ma gfrj ` l` maracb` 7. Ahcfahm` l` d`tarë` 2. Yaljcëkatrj 6. Djtóh rast`dlacar ljs v`ljras ma cjht`mjr ma vf`oa mal vabëculj 0>. fhmfc`mjr ma i`rjs `htfhfadl` mal`htarjs fhclusfóh 00. L` làkp`r` fhclusfóh fhmfc`mjr `htfhfadl` tr`sar` 04. rairfgar`hta fhmfc`mjr ma takpar`tur` 03. fhmfc`mjr ma fhclusfóh ma uh` uhfóh all` ahcfahma 0=. Fhmfc`mjr ma lucas ma cruca. c ruca. K`htahfkfahtj
01. Cjht`mjras ma efljkatr`oa tjt`l y mf`rfj mal vabëculj 09. Fhmfc`mjr ma duoë` fhc`hmascahta mal kjtjr mfasal 07. Fhmfc`mjr ma lëkfta ma masg`sta mal irahj mal`htarj 02. Fhmfc`mjr ma i`ll` l`tar`l mal @DS 06. Fhmfc`mjr ma i`ll` mal `frd`g l`tar`l 4>. Fhmfc`mjr ma i`ll` mal `frd`g mal`htarj 40. Luz ma `mvartahcf` mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj y hfval d`oj ma lëqufmj ma irahj ma mf`ghóstfcj mal kjtjr 44. `mvartahcf` mal sfstak` 43. @mvartahcf` ahtr`m` ma `gu` ah al ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla (mapahmfahta fhg ah l` ragfóh ma vabëculj) 4=. @mvartahcf` c`ëm` ma hfval ma lëqufmj rairfgar`hta 41. Kamfmjr ma cjkdustfdla 49. Fhmfc`mjr ma hfval ma cjkdustfdla këhfkj mal t`hqua
K`tarf`las ma jpar`cfóh y ilufmjs. ilufmjs. Kjtjr
@cafta ma kjtjr p`r` tjm`s l`s ast`cfjhas sagÿh l` aspacfifc` aspacfifc`cfóh cfóh @CA@ @4 / 69 j @^F SG (Muceb`ks PS, PRT, Bypargr`ma ^lus, Bypargr`ma j 0JW-=>)
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj
^rjcjr 3>>> Tairfgar`hta (Muceb`ks)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l
@cafta p`r` ahgr`h`oas S@A 71W-2JW sagÿh l` aspacfifc`cf aspacfifc`cfóh óh @^F GL1 (Muceb`ks Bypjfm ^] 71W-2JW)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h `utjkàtfc`
Sjlj `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ASSJ L] 700=0
Sfstak` ma irahjs y akdr`gua.
Ilufmj bfmràulfcj p`r` MJ]= (ilufmj uhfvars`l p`r` irahjs y akdr`guas Muceb`ks)
Mfraccfóh `sfstfm`
@cafta p`r` tr`hskfsfóh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàt `utjkàtfc` fc` Maxrjh FFM (Muceb`ks Qhfk`tfc) Qhfk`tfc)
Yjlÿkahas Yjlÿkahas @cafta ma kjtjr (fhclufmj al ifltrj ma `cafta)? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. lftrjs .
=.71 l
- Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.41 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.71 l =.41 l
- kjtjr 4.> l Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj? ]jmjs ljs kjtjras (`prjxfk`m`kahta)
2.> l
]r`hskfsfóh - kacàhfcj (`prjxfk`m`kahta)
4.> l
- tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`? • mrah`r y rallah`r
3.> l
• c`p`cfm`m tjt`l (fhclufmj al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r)
2.3 l
]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
7> l
Kjtjr Kjtjr Ifltrj ma `cafta
C`kpaóh I002
]ahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh (utflfz`hmj l` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` ^augajt)? - cfhturóh huavj
04> uhfm`mas
- cfhturóh us`mj
6> uhfm`mas
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ahirf`kfahtj Kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta? - `htfcjhgal`hta 1>%
^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -37 ¾ C
- `htfcjhgal`hta 11%
^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -=1 ¾ C
Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla Alakahtj ma ifltrj ma `fra
C`kpaóh
Ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla
C`kpaóh
Sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj Duoë`s ma ahcahmfmj? - tfpj
C`kpaóh TC0JVCC
- dracb` fhtaralactrjmj
>.6 kk
Irahjs Irahjs ^`stfll`s ^`stfll `s ma irahj ma mfscj (grjsjr, kfh)
4.> kk
Cudrfr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ma t`kdjr (aspasjr, kfh)
0.1 kk
^rasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs (eg / ck 4 ) )
Irahta
]r`sarj
- 021/7> T0=, 061/91 T01
4,30
4,30
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjmaljs ma s`lóh?
Kjmaljs ma fhkuadlas? - 021/7> T0=
4,=1
4.14
- 061/91 T01
4,30
4,=1
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. Ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs sfh al clfk`tfz`mjr? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 y 0,2 lftrjs.
3>
- Kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs .
4>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs cjh al clfk`tfz`mjr clfk`tfz`mjr
4>
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l / hfval ma `cafta t`póh
4>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
Kjmaljs ma g`sjlfh` K`tarf`las ma jpar`cfóh y ilufmjs. ilufmjs. Kjtjr
@cafta ma kjtjr p`r` tjm`s l`s ast`cfjhas sagÿh l` aspacfifc` aspacfifc`cfóh cfóh @CA@ @4 / 69 j @^F SG (Muceb`ks PS, PRT, Bypargr`ma ^lus, Bypargr`ma j 0JW-=>)
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj
^rjcjr 3>>> Tairfgar`hta (Muceb`ks)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l
@cafta p`r` ahgr`h`oas S@A 71W-2JW sagÿh l` aspacfifc`cf aspacfifc`cfóh óh @^F GL1 (Muceb`ks Bypjfm ^] 71W-2JW)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h `utjkàtfc`
Sjlj `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ASSJ L] 700=0
Sfstak` ma irahjs y akdr`gua. Mfraccfóh `sfstfm`
Ilufmj bfmràulfcj p`r` MJ]= (ilufmj uhfvars`l p`r` irahjs y akdr`guas Muceb`ks) @cafta p`r` tr`hskfsfóh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàt `utjkàtfc` fc` Maxrjh FFM (Muceb`ks Qhfk`tfc) Qhfk`tfc)
Yjlÿkahas Yjlÿkahas @cafta ma kjtjr (fhclufmj al ifltrj ma `cafta)? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. lftrjs .
=.71 l
- Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.41 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.71 l
- kjtjr 4.> l
=.41 l
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj? ]jmjs ljs kjtjras (`prjxfk`m`kahta) ]r`hskfsfóh - kacàhfcj (`prjxfk`m`kahta)
2.> l 4.> l
- tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`? • mrah`r y rallah`r
3.> l
• c`p`cfm`m tjt`l (fhclufmj al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r)
2.3 l
]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
7> l
Kjtjr Kjtjr Ifltrj ma `cafta
C`kpaóh I002
]ahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh (utflfz`hmj l` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` ^augajt)? - cfhturóh huavj
04> uhfm`mas
- cfhturóh us`mj
6> uhfm`mas
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ahirf`kfahtj Kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta? - `htfcjhgal`hta 1>% - `htfcjhgal`hta 11% Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla
^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -37 ¾ C ^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -=1 ¾ C
Alakahtj ma ifltrj ma `fra
C`kpaóh
Ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla
C`kpaóh
Sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj Duoë`s ma ahcahmfmj? - tfpj
C`kpaóh TC0JVCC
- dracb` fhtaralactrjmj
>.6 kk
Irahjs Irahjs ^`stfll`s ^`stfll `s ma irahj ma mfscj (grjsjr, kfh)
4.> kk
Cudrfr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ma t`kdjr (aspasjr, kfh)
0.1 kk
^rasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs (eg / ck 4 ) ) Kjmaljs ma s`lóh?
Irahta
]r`sarj
- 021/7> T0=, 061/91 T01
4,30
4,30
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
- 021/7> T0=
4,=1
4.14
- 061/91 T01
4,30
4,=1
Kjmaljs ma fhkuadlas?
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. Ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs sfh al clfk`tfz`mjr? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 y 0,2 lftrjs.
3>
- Kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs .
4>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs cjh al clfk`tfz`mjr clfk`tfz`mjr
4>
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l / hfval ma `cafta t`póh
4>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` K`tarf`las ma jpar`cfóh y ilufmjs. ilufmjs. Kjtjr
@cafta ma kjtjr p`r` tjm`s l`s ast`cfjhas sagÿh l` aspacfifc` aspacfifc`cfóh cfóh @CA@ @4 / 69 j @^F SG (Muceb`ks PS, PRT, Bypargr`ma ^lus, Bypargr`ma j 0JW-=>)
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj
^rjcjr 3>>> Tairfgar`hta (Muceb`ks)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l
@cafta p`r` ahgr`h`oas S@A 71W-2JW sagÿh l` aspacfifc`cf aspacfifc`cfóh óh @^F GL1 (Muceb`ks Bypjfm ^] 71W-2JW)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h `utjkàtfc`
Sjlj `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ASSJ L] 700=0
Sfstak` ma irahjs y akdr`gua.
Ilufmj bfmràulfcj p`r` MJ]= (ilufmj uhfvars`l p`r` irahjs y akdr`guas Muceb`ks)
Mfraccfóh `sfstfm`
@cafta p`r` tr`hskfsfóh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàt `utjkàtfc` fc` Maxrjh FFM (Muceb`ks Qhfk`tfc) Qhfk`tfc)
Yjlÿkahas Yjlÿkahas @cafta ma kjtjr (fhclufmj al ifltrj ma `cafta)?
- Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. lftrjs .
=.71 l
- Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.41 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.71 l =.41 l
- kjtjr 4.> l Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj? ]jmjs ljs kjtjras (`prjxfk`m`kahta)
2.> l
]r`hskfsfóh - kacàhfcj (`prjxfk`m`kahta)
4.> l
- tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`? • mrah`r y rallah`r
3.> l
• c`p`cfm`m tjt`l (fhclufmj al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r)
2.3 l
]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
7> l
Kjtjr Kjtjr Ifltrj ma `cafta
C`kpaóh I002
]ahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh (utflfz`hmj l` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` ^augajt)? - cfhturóh huavj
04> uhfm`mas
- cfhturóh us`mj
6> uhfm`mas
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ahirf`kfahtj Kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta?
- `htfcjhgal`hta 1>%
^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -37 ¾ C
- `htfcjhgal`hta 11%
^rjtaccfóh ^rjtaccfó h ` -=1 ¾ C
Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla Alakahtj ma ifltrj ma `fra Ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla
C`kpaóh C`kpaóh
Sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj Duoë`s ma ahcahmfmj? - tfpj
C`kpaóh TC0JVCC
- dracb` fhtaralactrjmj
>.6 kk
Irahjs Irahjs ^`stfll`s ^`stfll `s ma irahj ma mfscj (grjsjr, kfh)
4.> kk
Cudrfr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ma t`kdjr (aspasjr, kfh)
0.1 kk
^rasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs (eg / ck 4 ) )
Irahta
]r`sarj
4,30 4,=1
4,30 4,=1
- 021/7> T0=
4,=1
4.14
- 061/91 T01
4,30
4,=1
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjmaljs ma s`lóh? - 021/7> T0=, 061/91 T01 - 4>1/9> T01 Kjmaljs ma fhkuadlas?
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k.
Ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs sfh al clfk`tfz`mjr? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 y 0,2 lftrjs.
3>
- Kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs .
4>
Ljs duljhas `t`mur` mal kjmaljs cjhma al l` clfk`tfz`mjr clfk`tfz`mj r kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs
4>
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l / hfval ma `cafta t`póh
4>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
Fhtarv`lj ma sarvfcfj ^`r` qua su `utjkóvfl astæ ah axcalahtas cjhmfcfjhas, mada k`htaharlj parfómfc`kahta. Al k`htahfkfahtj puama llav`rsa ` c`dj ma ijrk` cjhtfhu` y ah cfartjs fhtarv`ljs, qua sa ahukar`h ` cjhtfhu`cfóh. Astjs sjh ljs fhtarv`ljs këhfkjs ma sarvfcfj racjkahm`mjs pjr asta k`hu`l. Sak`h`l
j
c`m`
Cjkpruada -
ljs hfval
Al
C`m` Taakpl`ca
=>>
L` ast`mj
hfval
prasahcf` l`
ma
01,>>>
sfgufahtas ma
hfval
ek al
ek. ek.
ma
`cafta ma haukàtfcjs, 04
lëqufmj `gu` ah lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s
kasas y
Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta ah l` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` y rallaha sf as hacas`rfj. Tavfsa tjmjs ljs cjkpjhah c jkpjhahtas tas mad`oj ma l` cudfart` y l`s k`hgu k`hguar`s ar`s ma ilufmj. Taakpl`ca al ifltrj ma pjlah mal sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh (sf astà prasahta). Cjkpruada l` `ccfóh mal akdr`gua. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma ljs salljs mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh.
mal ma
d`tarë`,
j `cafta
alakahtjs?
(lj al
ma y
qua ifltrj
l`
tjm`s
l`s jcurr` mal
kjtjr5 rairfgar`hta5 irahjs5 l`v`mjr`. djkdfll`s. prfkarj) prfkarj) kjtjr.
Cjkpruada ljs cjkpjhahtas ma mfraccfóh y suspahsfóh. Ludrfqua tjm`s l`s dfs`gr`s y carr`mur` c arr`mur`s. s. C`m` @makàs
3>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ljs
puhtjs
ek ek
mascrftjs
`htarfjrkahta,
b`g`
lj
sfgufahta?
Yarfifqua al ast`mj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj mal`htar`s y tr`sar`s, `së cjkj al mfscj mal irahj, y raakplàcaljs sf as hacas`rfj (kjmaljs cjh irahjs ma mfscj). Cjkprjd`r l` `ccfóh mal irahj ma k`hj. C`m` @makàs
9>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ljs
Taakpl`ca Taakpl`ca
mascrftjs
al
Cjkpruada
al al
ast`mj hfval
ma
`htarfjrkahta,
b`g`
l`s ifltrj
al
Taakpl`ca
Cjkpruada
puhtjs
ek ek
l`
`cafta
ma
cjrra` l`
ma
duoë`s. `fra.
ma
tr`pazjfm`l
c`o`
sfgufahta?
ma
ifltrj ma
lj
y
c`kdfjs
cjkdustfdla.
sustftÿy`l` k`hu`l
y
sf rallaha
as sf
hacas`rfj. as
hacas`rfj.
Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj tr`sar`s y càkdfal`s sf as hacas`rfj (kjmaljs cjh t`kdjras ma irahj). C`m` @makàs
9>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ek ljs
j puhtjs
`htarfjras,
4 b`g`
`ðjs `ðjs lj
sfgufahta?
Taakpl`ca al lëqufmj ma irahjs. C`m` @makàs
04>,>>> ma
tjmjs
Taakpl`ca Taakp l`ca l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh.
ljs
puhtjs
ek ek `htarfjras,
b`g`
lj
sfgufahta?
@mvartahcf` Sa racjkfahm` raakpl`z`r l` cjrra` maht`m` ma b`st` 9>,>>> ek ah vabëculjs qua sa us`h fhtahsfv`kahta (kucbjs vf`oas cjrtjs, `calar`cfjhas y irahjs), y` qua Sa prjmucah m`ðjs gr`vas ah al kjtjr madfmj ` uh` ruptur` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
Taakpl`ca al rairfgar`hta. K`htahfkfahtj Cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr (kjtjr ma 09 vàlvul`s y 4.> lftrjs) lftrjs)
0. Cuallj ma llah`mj ma `cafta mal kjtjr 4. Y`rfll` ma kamfcfóh ma `cafta 3. D`tarë` =. Mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs 1. T`mf`mjr 9. ]`hqua ma axp`hsfóh 7. Sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh 2. @ljo`kfahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra Yfst` fhiarfjr mal cjkp`rtf cjkp`rtfkfahtj kfahtj mal kjtjr. kjtjr.
6. Djkd` ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` 0>. Cjkprasjr ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj 00. Gahar`mjr 04. ]`hqua ma l` mfraccfóh mal `kplfifc`mjr 03. ]`hqua mal l`v`p`r`drfs`s 0=. C`o` ma ralæs y iusfdlas 01. ]arkjst`tj 09. Cuarpj mal `calar`mjr
0. ]`póh ma mrah`oa mal `cafta mal kjtjr =. ^fhz` ma irahj 4. Cjkprasjr mal `fra `cjhmfcfjh` `cjhmfcfjh`mj mj 1. Dr`zj fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` 3. Cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh 9. @rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh 7. Ast`dflfz`mjr Yfst` tr`sar` tr`sar`
0. Mapósftj ma cjkdustfdla 4. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` mal dr`zj kóvfl 3. C`dla mal irahj ma k`hj
=. ^fhz` ma irahj 1. Dr`zj fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` 9. Dr`zj ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar`
Ast` sudsaccfóh astà mfsað`m` p`r` g`r`htfz`r al k`htahfkfahtj `macu`mj mal vabëculj, p`r` `yum`r ` k`htahar al vabëculj ah cjhmfcfjhas `macu`m`s y prjljhg`r su vfm` ÿtfl. Sf al k`htahfkfahtj hj sa ra`lfz` cjh ragul`rfm`m, al rasult`mj puama sar uh d`oj rahmfkfahtj mal kjtjr (pjtahcf` ma s`lfm` fhcjkplat`, cjkpjrt`kfahtj axtr`ðj mal kjtjr, atc.). Ah asta c`sj, mada ra`lfz`r ljs sfgufahta sfgufahtass p`sjs? @ccfjhas
fhfcf`las fhfcf`las
Lfkpfa,
fhspaccfjha
Tavfsa
tjmjs
Cjkpruada
al
y ljs
ast`mj
y
varfifqua
ilufmjs l`
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tahsfóh
Taakpl`ca Yarfifqua Taakpl`ca
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ma
kjtjr.
tr`hskfsfóh
l`s al
ast`mj
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ifltrj
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y
raakplàcalj ma
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hacas`rfj. cjkdustfdla.
Cjkpruada Sf
al ast`s
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(cjhaxfjhas) aiactfv`s,
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@ccfjhas Cjkpruada
su lj
ast`hquafm`m. sfgufahta? sacuhm`rf`s sacuhm`rf`s
al
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c`rg`. ahcahmfmj. cjkdustfdla.
Taakpl`ca ljs c`dlas ma `lt` tahsfóh ah al sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj. C`m` 01.>>> ek j 04 kasas. Ljs c`kdfjs parfó mfcjs parfómfcjs ma `cafta yyifltrj sjh ljs prjcamfkfahtjs pravahtfvj fkpjrt`htas. @ kamfm`prak`turj qua al `cafta malmal kjtjr aahvaoaca, hvaoaca, sa vualva lëqufmj cjht`kfh`mj, lj ma k`htahfkfahtj qua llav` ` kàsuh masg`sta kjtjr. @htas ma cjkahz`r asta prjcamfkfahtj, raÿh` tjm`s l`s barr`kfaht`s y k`tarf`las hacas`rfjs. As hacas`rfj qua al kjtjr astæ c`lfahta, p`r` qua al `cafta iluy` kaojr ouhtj cjh l` k`yjr p`rta ma l`s sust`hcf`s cjht`kfh`m`s. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa al t`póh ma mrah`oa `prjxfk`m`kahta kamf` vualt` cjh uh` ll`va aspacf`l cu`mr`m`. Cjljqua al racfpfahta p`r` mrah`r al `cafta mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa y masahrjsqua al t`póh cjkplat`kahta. Sf as hacas`rfj, prasfjha l` t`p` `l mastjrhfll`r p`r` qua al `cafta hj sa asc`pa prak`tur`kahta. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal t`póh ma mrah`oa. 4. Cu`hmj 4. Cu`hmj al `cafta astæ cjkplat`kahta mrah`mj, lfkpfa tjmj `lramamjr mal jrfifcfj ma mrah`oa cjh uh p`ðj y `tjrhflla ifrkakahta al t`póh. 3. Qsa 3. Qsa uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l p`r` `iljo`r al ifltrj, luagj mas`tjrhflla ` k`hj. Yfart` al `cafta vfaoj ah al racfpfahta.
=. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa tjmjs ljs rastjs ma `cafta y sucfam`m `lramamjr mal puhtj ma kjht`oa mal ifltrj. Cjkpruada sf b`y sallj ma gjk` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Sf quam`, ahtjhcas quët`lj. 1. Ludrfqua 1. Ludrfqua al sallj ma gjk` mal huavj ifltrj ma `cafta cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma `cafta ma kjtjr y `tjrhflla al ifltrj ` k`hj sfh us`r barr`kfaht`s.
9. @p`rqua 9. @p`rqua al `utjkóvfl ah uh` suparifcfa pl`h` y hfval`m`. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` v`rfll` ma hfval, masahrjsqua l` t`p` mal cuallj ma llah`mj. Llaha al `cafta cjh al gr`mj `prjpf`mj ma `cafta. Yfart` l` kft`m ma l` c`htfm`m raquarfm` ma `cafta y aspara uhjs kfhutjs p`r` qua al `cafta iluy` b`cf` l` d`hmao`. Luagj cjhtfhÿa vartfahmj al `cafta ah paquað`s pjrcfjhas b`st` qua al hfval ma `cafta `lc`hca al hfval këhfkj ah l` v`rfll`. Cu`hmj `gragua `lramamjr ma 0 lftrj kàs, al hfval ma `cafta `ukaht`rà `l kàxfkj ah l` v`rfll`. Cfarra l` t`p` ma llah`mj. 2. @rr`hqua 2. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y mæoalj iuhcfjh`r mur`hta uhjs kfhutjs. Tavfsa sf b`y iug`s ma `cafta `lramamjr mal ifltrj y al t`póh ma mrah`oa ah l` d`hmao`. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` luz ma `mvartahcf` ma prasfóh ma `cafta puama `rmar mur`hta uhjs saguhmjs, y` qua al `cafta mada llah`r tjmjs ljs c`h`las y ljs t`hquas ma `cafta mal kjtjr. 6. @p`gua 6. @p`gua al kjtjr y aspara uhjs kfhutjs ` qua al `cafta iluy` b`cf` al sukfmarj. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta y rallaha sf as hacas`rfj. C`kdf`r `cafta y ifltrj ma `cafta Ljs c`kdfjs parfómfcjs parfó mfcjs ma `cafta y ifltrj sjh ljs prjcamfkfahtjs ma k`htah k`htahfkfahtj fkfahtj pravahtfvj kàs fkpjrt`h fkpjrt`htas. tas. @ kamfm` qua al `cafta mal kjtjr ahvaoaca, sa vualva lëqufmj y cjht`kfh`mj, lj qua llav` ` uh masg`sta prak`turj mal kjtjr. @htas ma cjkahz`r asta prjcamfkfahtj, raÿh` tjm`s l`s barr`kfaht`s y k`tarf`las hacas`rfjs. As hacas`rfj qua al kjtjr astæ c`lfahta, p`r` qua al `cafta iluy` kaojr ouhtj cjh l` k`yjr p`rta ma l`s sust`hcf`s cjht`kfh`m`s. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa al t`póh ma mrah`oa `prjxfk`m`kahta kamf` vualt` cjh uh` ll`va aspacf`l cu`mr`m`. Cjljqua al racfpfahta p`r` mrah`r al `cafta mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa y masahrjsqua al t`póh cjkplat`kahta. Sf as hacas`rfj, prasfjha l` t`p` `l mastjrhfll`r p`r` qua al `cafta hj sa asc`pa prak`tur`kahta. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal t`póh ma mrah`oa. 4. Cu`hmj 4. Cu`hmj al `cafta astæ cjkplat`kahta mrah`mj, lfkpfa tjmj `lramamjr mal jrfifcfj ma mrah`oa cjh uh p`ðj y `tjrhflla ifrkakahta al t`póh. 3. Qsa 3. Qsa uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l p`r` `iljo`r al ifltrj, luagj mas`tjrhflla ` k`hj. Yfart` al `cafta vfaoj ah al racfpfahta.
=. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa tjmjs ljs rastjs ma `cafta y sucfam`m `lramamjr mal puhtj ma kjht`oa mal ifltrj. Cjkpruada sf b`y sallj ma gjk` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Sf quam`, ahtjhcas quët`lj. 1. Ludrfqua 1. Ludrfqua al sallj ma gjk` mal huavj ifltrj ma `cafta cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma `cafta ma kjtjr y `tjrhflla al ifltrj ` k`hj sfh us`r barr`kfaht`s. 9. @p`rqua 9. @p`rqua al `utjkóvfl ah uh` suparifcfa pl`h` y hfval`m`. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` v`rfll` ma hfval, masahrjsqua l` t`p` mal cuallj ma llah`mj. Llaha al `cafta cjh al gr`mj `prjpf`mj ma `cafta. Yfart` l` kft`m ma l` c`htfm`m raquarfm` ma `cafta y aspara uhjs kfhutjs p`r` qua al `cafta iluy` b`cf` l` d`hmao`. Luagj cjhtfhÿa vartfahmj al `cafta ah paquað`s pjrcfjhas b`st` qua al hfval ma `cafta `lc`hca al hfval këhfkj ah l` v`rfll`. Cu`hmj `gragua `lramamjr ma 0 lftrj kàs, al hfval ma `cafta `ukaht`rà `l kàxfkj ah l` v`rfll`. Cfarra l` t`p` ma llah`mj.
2. @rr`hqua 2. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y mæoalj iuhcfjh`r mur`hta uhjs kfhutjs. Tavfsa sf b`y iug`s ma `cafta `lramamjr mal ifltrj y al t`póh ma mrah`oa ah l` d`hmao`. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` luz ma `mvartahcf` ma prasfóh ma `cafta puama `rmar mur`hta uhjs saguhmjs, y` qua al `cafta mada llah`r tjmjs ljs c`h`las y ljs t`hquas ma `cafta mal kjtjr. 6. @p`gua 6. @p`gua al kjtjr y aspara uhjs kfhutjs ` qua al `cafta iluy` b`cf` al sukfmarj. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta y rallaha sf as hacas`rfj. Cjkprjd`r al hfval ma `cafta ah l` tr`hskfs tr`hskfsfóh fóh `utjkàtfc`. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ta`lfca 0. Ta`lfca uh vf`oa cjrtj ah `utjkóvfl p`r` c`laht`r l` tr`hskfsfóh ` l` takpar`tur` hjrk`l. Luagj p`ra al `utjkóvfl ah uh` suparifcfa pl`h` bjrfzjht`l. Al hfval ma `cafta sa varfifc` cjh uh` v`rfll` ma hfval cjljc`m` ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr oustj `htas ma qua al kjtjr sa cjhacta ` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. L` sjhm` suparfjr tfaha uh cjljr drfll`hta.
4. @l 4. @l r`lahtë, cu`hmj irahjs ma k`hj y `pfa `prat`mjs, kuav` l` parfll`Ah salactjr` ` tjm`s l`s ljs pjsfcfjhas y ragrasa l` astàh pjsfcfóh "^" (ast`cfjh`kfahtj). ast` pjsfcfóh mal salactjr, cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta. Mada ast`r ahtra l`s k`rc`s fhiarfjr (`) y suparfjr (d).
3. Sf 3. Sf al hfval ma `cafta as d`oj, `grægualj ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ma l` v`rfll`. Hjt` Huhc` parkft` qua al hfval ma `cafta astæ pjr ahcfk` ma l` k`rc` suparfjr. =. Luagj =. Luagj b`g` uh` pruad` ma k`haoj y vualv` ` ravfs`r al hfval. 1. K`htahg` 1. K`htahg` sfakpra al hfval ma `cafta ahtra l`s mjs k`rc`s ah l` v`rfll`. Qh` asc`saz ma `cafta puama c`us`r gr`vas m`ðjs ` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 9. Sf 9. Sf as hacas`rfj `grag`r `cafta cjh iracuahcf`, b`y uh` iug` qua mada sar ahcjhtr`m` y rap`r`m` b`st` qua astj b`y` llav`mj ` cjhsacuahcf`s gr`vas. Cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s k`hguar`s y l` iug` ma ilufmjs Tairfgar`hta Tairfgar`hta TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. L`s iug`s L`s iug`s ah al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj gahar`lkahta sa matact`h ah dl`hcj j ma cjljr óxfmj ah l` k`rcb` ah al àra` `my`cahta ` l` iug`.
4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa cjh cufm`mj al r`mf`mjr y l`s k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`hta ` lj l`rgj ma tjm` l` ljhgftum. Taakpl`ca l`s k`hguar`s cjh grfat`s, r`sg`mur`s y sfghjs ma ahvaoacfkfahtj. L`s grfat`s sjh kàs iàcflas ma matact`r sf `prfat` l` k`hguar`. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` l`s `dr`z`mar`s qua suoat`h l`s k`hguar`s ` ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Ljs suoat`mjras ma l` k`hguar`, qua sa b`h `prat`mj ifrkakahta, puamah b`car qua l` k`hguar` sa rjkp` j pfhcba, lj qua puama prjmucfr iug`s ah al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 3. Fhspaccfjha 3. Fhspaccfjha tjmjs ljs cjkpjhahtas mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj (k`hguar`s, suparifcfas ma cjhactjras, atc.) p`r` matact`r iug`s. Sf ahcuahtr` `lgÿh prjdlak` ma ast` h`tur`laz` cjh ljs cjkpjhahtas mal sfstak`, raakpl`ca asta cjkpjhahta j ouht`. Cjkdustfdla
L`s L`s
iug`s ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla sjh mfiëcflas ma matarkfh`r cjh pracfsfóh b`st` qua uh` iug` as sfghfifc`tfv` y, pjr lj t`htj, iàcflkahta vfsfdla. Al cjkdustfdla tfahma ` av`pjr`rsa ràpfm`kahta cu`hmj ahtr` ah cjht`ctj cjh al `fra, aspacf`lkahta ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj c`lfahta mal kjtjr. ^aquað`s gjt`s puamah mas`p`racar `htas ma qua puam` matarkfh`r l` udfc`cfóh ma l` iug`. Sf sjspacb` qua b`y uh` iug` ma cjkdustfdla ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ahirëa al kjtjr y ahcfæhm`lj kfahtr`s astà irëj, cjh al c`pó `dfartj. Ljs alakahtjs katàlfcjs tfahmah ` ahcjgarsa cu`hmj astàh irëjs, l`s k`hguar`s ma gjk` tfahmah ` `iljo`rsa, pjr lj qua cu`lqufar iug` sarà kàs jdvf` ` kamfm` qua al kjtjr sa c`lfaht` madfmj ` uh `rr`hqua ah irëj. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Yarfifqua 0. Yarfifqua tjm`s l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla ` l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla, `l ragul`mjr ma prasfóh ma cjkdustfdla y `l ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. Fhspaccfjha c`m` k`hguar` ma cjkdustfdla ma gjk` ah tjm` su ljhgftum p`r` matact`r grfat`s j grfat`s. Tavfsa sf b`y iug`s ah l`s ouht`s cjrrug`m`s cjrrug`m`s aahtra htra l`s lëha`s lëha`s ma cjkd cjkdustfdla ustfdla m maa gjk` y kat`l. kat`l. Cjkpruad Cjkpruadaa l`s cjha cjhaxfjhas xfjhas ahtra l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla katàlfc`s katàlfc`s y l` t`p t`p`` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. ]`kdfæh ravfsa al àra` `lramamjr ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla ah dusc` ma uh` sað`l ma iug` `hul`r. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` matarkfh`r l` iug` ma cjkdustfdla ahtra al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla y al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, sa mada lav`ht`r al `utjkóvfl. Fhspaccfjha al t`hqua y l` k`hguar` ma llah`mj p`r` matact`r pfhcb`mur`s, grfat`s y jtrjs m`ðjs. Ast` cjhaxfóh as aspacf`lkahta pjcj cjhif`dla. 3. Tavfsa 3. Tavfsa cufm`mjs`kahta tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s ma gjk` y l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla katàlfc`s qua sa axtfahmah masma al t`hqua. Cjkpruada sf b`y cjhaxfjhas sualt`s, k`hguar`s magr`m`m`s, lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla ratjrcfm`s y jtrjs m`ðjs. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` l`s tudarë`s y k`hguar`s ma vahtfl`cfóh, qua ` kahumj sa ahrjll`h `lramamjr ma l` k`hguar` ma llah`mj y puamah dljqua`rsa, lj qua mfifcult` al llah`mj mal t`hqua. Sfg` al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj ` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utj, fhspaccfjhàhmjljs cufm`mjs`kahta p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma m`ðjs j cjrrjsfóh. Taakpl`ca l`s saccfjhas m`ð`m`s sagÿh sa` hacas`rfj. @cafta ma kjtjr
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Fhspaccfjha al àra` `lramamjr ma l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`, al ifltrj ma `cafta y l`s suparifcfas ma ljs cjhactjras mal sukfmarj. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua cjh al tfakpj puama b`dar uh` iug` kuy paquað` ah ast` àra` y, pjr lj t`htj, lj qua ra`lkahta astà dusc`hmj sjh sfghjs ma uh` iug` gr`va c`us`m` pjr l` ruptur` ma uh` ouht`. L` iug` ma `cafta mal kjtjr pjr mad`oj ma l` t`p` ma l` cjrra` maht`m` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh j mal `ljo`kfahtj mal akdr`gua puama sar uh sfghj ma masg`sta ma ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj mal cfgüað`l j mal aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Sf sa ahcuahtr` uh` iug`, raakpl`ca l` ouht` maiactujs` maiactujs` j aall sallj ma `cafta. `cafta. @cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` `utjkàtfc` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Tavfsa l`s k`hguar`s qua cjhmucah `l ahirf`mjr ma `cafta ah irahta mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr p`r` matact`r iug`s. Dusqua ljs maiactjs c`us`mjs pjr l` cjrrjsfóh y l js m`ðjs c`us`mjs pjr al cjht`ctj cjh al sualj j l` sucfam`m masacb`m` masacb`m` ma l` suparifcfa ma l` c`rratar`. Al `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh suala sar rjoj. Sfstak` ma ilufmj ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` `sfstfm` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa l` k`hguar` udfc`m` ahtra al t`hqua ma `lfkaht`cfóh y l` djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` y l` k`hguar` ma ratjrhj masma al ast`hta ma cjhtrjl `l t`hqua ma `lfkaht`cfóh. Cjkpruada t`kdfæh l` k`hguar` ma `lt` prasfóh ahtra l` djkd` y al ast`hta ma cjhtrjl. 4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa l`s k`hguar`s qua cjhmucah `l ahirf`mjr ma lëqufmjs ah irahta mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr (ah `lguhjs kjmaljs). Dusqua ljs maiactjs c`us`mjs pjr l` cjrrjsfóh y ljs m`ðjs c`us`mjs pjr al cjht`ctj cjh al sualj j l` sucfam`m masacb`m` ma l` suparifcfa ma l` c`rratar`. 3. ^rasta 3. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` ljs iuallas y `l àra` qua rjma` l`s k`hguar`s, qua sa ifo`h cjh sjpjrtas ma mfraccfóh `oust`dlas. @l fgu`l qua al `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh, asta ilufmj as rjoj. @fra
`cjhmfcfjh`mj
(rairfgar`hta) (rairfgar`hta)
Al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj astà llahj ma uh rairfgar`hta ` `lt` prasfóh. Sf al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj astà `dfartj y masprasurfz`mj sfh l` `yum` ma uh aqufpj aspacf`l, al lëqufmj sa av`pjr`rà ma fhkamf`tj. Sf al lëqufmj ahtr` ah cjht`ctj cjh su pfal, puama c`us`r cjhgal`cfóh savar`. Qh mfstrfdufmjr ma ^augajt j uh aspacf`lfst` ah `cjhmfcfjh`mjras ma `fra madah sar `lart`mjs fhkamf`t`kahta ma cu`lqufar iug` sjspacbjs` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj. L`s iug`s puamah sar matact`m`s pjr uh` k`rc`m` mfskfhucfóh cjhst`hta ah al hfval ma rairfgar`hta. @mvartahcf`
L` bukam`m ah al mrah`oa mal cjhmahs`mjr (ahirf`mjr ma g`s) mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl fhkamf`t`kahta maspuæs ma us`r al `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj as hjrk`l y hj mada sar kjtfvj ma prajcup`cfóh. Lëqufmj ma irahjs Al lëqufmj ma ma irahjs as uh` sust`hcf` tóxfc` cjh uh` cjhsfstahcf` cjhsfstahcf` `cujs`. Al huavj lëqufmj as c`sf fhcjljrj, parj sa jscuraca cjh al tfakpj y cjh uh usj fhtahsfvj. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa al àra` ma cjhaxfóh ma ljs tudjs ma irahj cjh al cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahj p`r` matact`r iug`s. Tavfsa al àra` `lramamjr ma l` d`sa mal t`hqua ma mapósftj p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma iug`s c`us`m`s pjr uh maiactj ah l` ouht`. ]`kdfæh ax`kfha ljs `cjpl`kfahtjs mal tudj ma irahj ah al mfspjsftfvj bfmràulfcj @DS. 4. Sf 4. Sf l` pærmfm` ma ilufmj as avfmahta, parj l` iug` hj sa puama matarkfh`r cjh pracfsfóh, al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, l` pfhz` ma irahj y ljs tudjs mal sfstak` ma irahjs madah ravfs`rsa cufm`mjs`kahta ah uh vabëculj alav`mj. L` iug` ma lëqufmj mal sfstak` ma irahjs as uh m`ðj gr`va qua mada rap`r`rsa ma fhkamf`tj. Iug` hj fmahtfifc`m` ma lëqufmjs l ëqufmjs Sf b`y avfmahcf` ma iug` ma lëqufmj, parj hj puama racjhjcar al tfpj ma lëqufmj j al jrfgah ax`ctj, mada mao`r al `utjkóvfl pjr uh l`rgj tfakpj y cjljc`r uh` bjo` gr`hma ma p`pal j tr`pjs mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Astj la `yum`rà ` ahcjhtr`r l` udfc`cfóh mal iluoj mal ilufmj, `së cjkj ` fmahtfifc`r al iluoj mal ilufmj pjr cjljr. ^arj tahg` ah cuaht` qua `lguh`s iug`s puamah jcurrfr sjlj cu`hmj al kjtjr astà iuhcfjh`hmj. K`hguar`s ma v`cëj v`cëj @uhqua al sfstak` ma irahjs as bfmràulfcj, al raijrz`mjr ma irahjs `ukaht` l` iuarz` `plfc`m` `l pam`l mal irahj utflfz`hmj al v`cëj ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh cra`mj cu`hmj al kjtjr astà ah k`rcb`. Al v`cëj sa tr`hsifara `l `kplfifc`mjr ` tr`væs ma uh` k`hguar` ma saccfóh gr`hma. Cu`lqufar iug` ma ast` k`hguar` ramucfrà l` aiactfvfm`m mal sfstak` ma irahjs. @makàs, kucbjs ma ljs cjkpjhahtas, aspacf`lkahta ljs cjkpjhahtas ma cjhtrjl ma akfsfjhas, sjh fkpuls`mjs pjr al v`cëj cra`mj ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh ` tr`væs ma k`hguar`s ma saccfóh paquað`. Qh` iug` ah uh` k`hguar` ma v`cëj sfghfifc` qua al `fra sa fhtrjmuca ah l` k`hguar` (y hj iuar` ma l` k`hguar`), y astj b`ca qua l` iug` sa` kuy mfiëcfl ma matact`r. Al kætjmj ma mataccfóh as us`r l` vfao` k`hguar` ma v`cëj cjkj uh tfpj ma astatjscjpfj? sjstahg` uh axtrakj ma l` k`hguar` carc` ma su jrao` (parj hj mahtrj ma l` jrao`), y usa al jtrj axtrakj p`r` axpljr`r al àra` `lramamjr ma l` supuast` iug`. Cu`hmj al axtrakj ma l` k`hguar k`hguar`` astà mfract`kahta sjdra l` iug`, sa ascucb`rà uh sjhfmj ma sfldfmj ` tr`væs ma l ` k`hguar`. Avfta al cjht`ctj cjh p`rtas c`lfahtas y kóvflas. Al kjtjr madarë` iuhcfjh`r mur`hta l` cjkprjd`cfóh. Taakpl`ca cu`lqufar k`hguar` ma v`cëj hj `oust`m` qua sa ahcuahtra. Sustftucfóh mal ifltrj ma `fra ifhj ah al sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ahcfahm` 0. Ahcfahm` ljs lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s y `p`gua l` fghfcfóh p`r` qua ljs capflljs sa matahg matahg`h `h ah l` pjsfcfóh supar suparfjr. fjr.
4. Ah 4. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m, `prfata y ratfra l` cudfart` ma vahtfl`cfóh ma ahtr`m` ma plàstfcj mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr ma l` d`sa mal p`r`drfs`s.
3. ^rasfjha 3. ^rasfjha al p`hal ma vahtfl`cfóh ma `mkfsfóh y axtràfg`lj p`r` `ccamar `l ifltrj.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra cjh cufm`mj al ifltrj mal zóc`lj.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra cjkplat`kahta al ifltrj mal cjcba.
9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa al zóc`lj a fhst`la al huavj ifltrj. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al p`hal ma vahtfl`cfóh, vualv` ` cjljc`r l` t`p` y `prfata l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m. 2. Ahcfahm` 2. Ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj y mavualv` l` cucbfll` ma lfkpfaz` ` su lug`r.
Cjhtrjl ma akdr`gua ]jmjs ljs kjmaljs cjh kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` mascrftjs ah asta k`hu`l astàh aqufp`mjs cjh uh kac`hfskj ma akdr`gua ma c`dla `utj`oust`dla qua raqufara pjcj k`htahfkfahtj. Al ÿhfcj k`htahfkfahtj raquarfmj as varfifc`r qua al pam`l mal akdr`gua sa kuav` cjh su`vfm`m y i`cflfm`m ` lj l`rgj ma tjm` l` c`rrar` y qua al akdr`gua iuhcfjha hjrk`lkahta, sfh maslfz`rsa hf tfr`r. L` cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` t`p` prjtactj prjtactjr` r` mal aaoa oa ma iuarz` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta y `sagura al `utjkóvfl ah l`s gr`m`s. Gfra al vjl`hta b`cf` l` maracb` j b`cf` l` fzqufarm` b`st` qua sa matahg` y gfra al vjl`hta. Ax`kfha l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ma gjk` ma l`s ouht`s CY, `pratàhmjl`s p`r` `drfr ljs plfaguas. Cjkpruada sf b`y grfat`s qua puam`h c`us`r iug`s ma ludrfc`hta, `së cjkj `gu` y sucfam`m.
4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada t`kdfæh t`kdfæh al ast`mj ma ljs clf clfps ps ma ifo`cfóh. Fhspaccfjha l`s cudfart`s cudfart`s ma l`s ouht`s CY fhtarh`s y l`s cudfart`s ah al jtrj l`mj. Sf sa ahcuahtr` `lgÿh m`ðj, l` c`rc`s` mada sar raakpl`z`m` fhkamf`t`kahta. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada t`kdfæh al ast`mj ma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. Fhspaccfjha Fhspaccfjha l`s ccudfart` udfart`ss ma l`s ouht`s CY fhtarh`s y l`s cudfart`s ah al jtrj l`mj. Sf sa ahcuahtr` `lgÿh m`ðj, l` c`rc`s` mada sar raakpl`z`m` fhkamf`t`kahta. =. @l =. @l kfskj tfakpj, varfifqua al ast`mj gahar`l ma l` ouht` CY suoat`hmj al aoa y `l kfskj tfakpj tr`t`hmj ma gfr`r l` ruam`. Fhtæhtalj ma huavj, suoat`hmj l` ouht` ma CY fhtarfjr y gfr`hmj al aoa.Cu`lqufar ratrjcasj hjt`dla fhmfc` masg`sta ma l`s ouht`s CY, masg`sta ah l`s r`hur`s mal aoa j masahrjsc`mj ma l` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh mal aoa. Mfraccfóh y suspahsfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y iëoal` ifrkakahta ` ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Fhspaccfjha 4. Fhspaccfjha vfsu`lkahta l`s cudfart`s `htfpjlvj ma l`s rótul`s y l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s mal ahgr`h`oa ma crak`llar` y pfðóh ah dusc` ma grfat`s, `dr`sfjhas y ahvaoacfkfahtj. Cu`lqufar masg`sta ah ast`s cudfart`s m`rà lug`r ` l` pærmfm` ma ludrfc`hta y `l fhgrasj ma `gu` y sucfam`m, lj qua cjhmucfrà ` uh ràpfmj masg`sta ma l`s rótul`s j mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh.
3. Tavfsa 3. Tavfsa l`s k`hguar`s ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` ah dusc` ma `dr`sfóh j ahvaoacfkfahtj, `së cjkj l`s k`hguar`s y l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l`s k`hguar`s p`r` matact`r iug`s. ]`kdfæh ravfsa l`s cudfart`s ma gjk` prjtactjr`s mal vjl`hta p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma iug`s ma ilufmj d`oj prasfóh qua fhmfquah m`ðjs ah ljs salljs ma l` mfraccfóh. =. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta al `utjkóvfl cjh uh g`tj, tjka al vjl`hta cjh l`s k`hjs ah l`s pjsfcfjhas ma l`s 04 y l`s 9 ah puhtj y tr`ta ma `gft`rlj ah uh pl`hj vartfc`l. Sa parkfta uh asp`cfj kuy paquaðj ah l` ruam`, parj sf al asp`cfj as lj suifcfahtakahta gr`hma, sa hacasft` uh` varfifc`cfóh `mfcfjh`l p`r` ast`dlacar l` iuahta.
1. Cjhtfhÿa 1. Cjhtfhÿa gfr`hmj l` ruam` kfahtr`s al `sfstahta prasfjh` al irahj ma pfa. Sf al ouagj sa alfkfh` j sa ramuca sfghfifc`tfv`kahta, as prjd`dla qua ljs cjofhatas mal cudj astæh m`ð`mjs. Sf al ouagj sfgua sfahmj fkpjrt`hta cjh al irahj prasfjh`mj, ahtjhcas b`y masg`sta ah l`s cjhaxfjhas y ljs `ccasjrfjs ma l` suspahsfóh. 9. @bjr`, 9. @bjr`, tjka l` ruam` ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 6 y l`s 3 ah puhtj a fhtahta s`cumfrl` bjrfzjht`lkahta. L` prasahcf` ma bjlgur` ah al pl`hj bjrfzjht`l puama sar c`us`m` pjr al masg`sta ah ljs cjofhatas mal cudj j l`s rótul`s ma l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj. Sf l` ouht` ma rótul` fhtarh` j axtarh` astà masg`st`m`, l` ra`ccfóh sarà jdvf`. 7. Cjh 7. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma cjkj p`l`hc`, cjkpruada sf b`y masg`sta ah ljs c`squflljs ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh ahtra al alakahtj ma suspahsfóh y al puhtj ma `plfc`cfóh. Mada jdsarv`rsa `lgÿh kjvfkfahtj, y` qua ljs k`hguftjs ma kjht`oa astàh bacbjs ma gjk`, parj al masg`sta axcasfvj mada sar jdvfj. ]`kdfæh ravfsa al ast`mj ma l`s p`rtas vfsfdlas ma ljs duoas ma gjk` p`r` matact`r grfat`s, masg`sta y maijrk`cfóh. Cjhtrjl mal `kjrtfgu `kjrtfgu`mjr `mjr TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa al `kjrtfgu`mjr ah dusc` ma sfghjs ma iug`s ma ilufmj. Sf sa matact` uh` iug`, al `kjrtfgu`mjr sa m`ð` y hacasft` sar raakpl`z`mj. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Ljs `kjrtfgu`mjras sa madah c`kdf`r ah p`ras ah al kfskj aoa. 4. L` 4. L` aiactfvfm`m mal `kjrtfgu`mjr t`kdfæh sa varfifc` prasfjh`hmj ah l` asqufh` mal cuarpj y `drfahmj drusc`kahta. Al cuarpj mada vjlvar ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l maspuæs ma sar lfdar`mj. Sf al cuarpj sa alav` pjr ahcfk` ma l` pjsfcfóh fhfcf`l y cjhtfhÿ` gfr`hmj, ahtjhc ahtjhcas as as prjd `dla qua al `kjrtfgu`mjr udfc`mj ah asta l`mj b`y` i`ll`mj y mad` sar raakpl`z`mj. ]`kdfæh ravfsa ljs `ccasjrfjs mal `kjrtfgu`mjr p`r` qua hj b`y` masg`sta. C`m` 3>.>>> ek JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @prfata 0. @prfata al irahj k`hu`l, lav`hta uh` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl, ifoa ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s.
4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` uh cjhtrjl cjkplatj, ratfra y lfkpfa ` ijhmj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. @l kfskj tfakpj, puama varfifc`r l` `ccfóh ma l` pfhz` y `kdjs l`mjs mal mfscj ma irahj. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada al grjsjr ma ljs ijrrjs ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj (fhmfc`mj kamf`hta ilacb`s).
=. Sf =. Sf al ijrrj mal irahj astà masg`st`mj b`st` al grjsjr këhfkj `capt`dla, raakpl`ca l`s cu`trj p`stfll`s mal eft. Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj i rahj mal`htar`s. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @prfata 0. @prfata al irahj k`hu`l, lav`hta uh` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl, ifoa ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` uh cjhtrjl cjkplatj, ratfra y lfkpfa ` ijhmj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. @l kfskj tfakpj, puama varfifc`r l` `ccfóh ma l` pfhz` y `kdjs l`mjs mal mfscj ma irahj. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada al grjsjr ma ljs ijrrjs ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj (fhmfc`mj kamf`hta ilacb`s).
=. Sf =. Sf al ijrrj mal irahj astà masg`st`mj b`st` al grjsjr këhfkj `capt`dla, raakpl`ca l`s cu`trj p`stfll`s mal eft. Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj i rahj tr`sar`s. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Dljquaa 0. Dljquaa l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s, lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utjkóvfl, tr`da ah ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s. 4. Al cjhtrjl Al cjhtrjl mal aspasjr ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj sa puama ra`lfz`r ` tr`væs ma l` pfhz`. Sf al ravastfkfahtj mal irahj astà masg`st`mj b`st` al grjsjr këhfkj `capt`dla, raakpl`ca l`s cu`trj p`stfll`s mal eft. 3. ^`r` 3. ^`r` uh cjhtrjl cjkplatj, ratfra y lfkpfa ` ijhmj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. @l kfskj tfakpj, puama varfifc`r l` `ccfóh ma l` pfhz` y `kdjs l`mjs mal mfscj ma irahj. Cjhtrjl ma irahj ma k`hj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
Cjkpruada y, sf as hacas`rfj, `ousta al irahj ma k`hj. Cjkpruada l` lfdart`m ma kjvfkfahtj mal c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj. Ludrfqua ljs puhtjs ma ilaxfóh mal c`dla sf as hacas`rfj. C`m` 9>,>>> kfll`s Barr`kfaht`s p`r` quft`r l`s duoë`s y `oust`r al asp`cfj ma cbfsp`. cbfsp`.
Taakpl`zj
ma
l`s
duoë`s duoë`s
Al cjrractj iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l`s duoë`s as uh` ma l`s cjhmfcfjhas kàs fkpjrt`htas p`r` uh iuhcfjh`kfahtj aifcfahta mal kjtjr. As asahcf`l qua sjlj l`s duoë`s aspacfifc`m`s astæh fhst`l`m`s ah al kjtjr. Cjh uh duah kjtjr, l` lfkpfaz` ma duoë`s as uh` jpar`cfóh r`r`. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, p`r` `ccamar ` l`s duoë`s as hacas`rfj ratfr`r l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj ifo`m` ah al cahtrj ma l` c`rc`s` ma l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y masahrjsqua ljs 9 tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh. Tatfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y masahrjsqua ljs t`pjhas.
4. Ah 4. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, al `ccasj ` l`s duoë`s as hacas`rfj p`r` ratfr`r l`s djqufll`s ma `fra. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs ah `usahcf` ma atfquat`s ah ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa, madah ast`r k`rc`mjs p`r` hj aqufvjc`rsa ah su fhst`l`cfóh pjstarfjr. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfama l`smas`tjrhfll`r duoë`s cjh uh maspuæs l`scapfllj, duoë`s.uh` `spfr`mjr` j uh cbjrrj ma `fra cjkprfkfmj, lj qua avft`rà qua l` sucfam`m ahtra ah ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l`s duoë`s cjh l` ll`va ma duoë`s (va` l` ifg. ifg. Barr`kfah Barr`kfaht`s t`s p`r` quft`r l`s duoë`s y `oust`r al asp`cfj ma l` cbfsp` cbfsp` ).
9. L` 9. L` fhspaccfóh vfsu`l ma l` p`rta ma tr`d`oj ma l` duoë` puama kjstr`r al ast`mj mal kjtjr. Sf l` h`rfz mal `fsl`mjr ma l` duoë` astà lfkpf` y dl`hc`, sfh iljr`cfóh, astj fhmfc` uh` kazcl` mak`sf`mj pjdra. Astj t`kdfæh fhmfc` qua l` val` astà mak`sf`mj c`lfahta, as macfr, Al c`ljr mal alactrjmj cahtr`l sa alfkfh` laht`kahta. Sf as `së, ahtjhcas hacasft` hacasft` `oust`r l` cjkpjsfcfóh ma ll`` kazcl` j raakpl`z`r l` val`. 7. Sf 7. Sf l` p`rta h`s`l mal `fsl`mjr ma l` val` astà cudfart` cjh uh` iljr hagr`, sfghfifc` qua l` kazcl` as mak`sf`mj rfc`. Sf al mapósftj as hagrj y `caftjsj, astj fhmfc` masg`sta mal kjtjr y l` hacasfm`m ma ravfs`rlj y rap`r`rlj. 2. Sf 2. Sf l` p`rta h`s`l mal `fsl`mjr astà cudfart` cjh uh` pàtfh` ma cjljr k`rróh cl`rj, l` kazcl` as óptfk` y al kjtjr astà ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas. 6. L` dracb` L` dracb` fhtaralactrjmj ma l` duoë` as ma gr`h fkpjrt`hcf`, y` qua Sf al asp`cfj as mak`sf`mj gr`hma j mak`sf`mj paquaðj, al t`k`ðj ma l` cbfsp` c`kdf`, lj qua cjhmuca ` uh` mfskfhucfóh ah l` aifcfahcf` mal kjtjr. L` lfqufm`cfóh mada cukplfr sfakpra l`s aspacfifc`cfjhas.
0>. 0>. L` L` bjlgur` sa varfifc` cjh uh calactrjmj `lfdra ma l`tar`l. c`dlal.j Ah sjhm`. Al `ousta l` sap`r`cfóh sa ra`lfz` mjdl`hmj al c`lfdra l`tar` hfhgÿh c`sj samapuama mjdl`r al alactrjmj cahtr`l, y` qua Astj puama prjvjc`r l` rjtur` mal `fsl`mjr y al i`llj ma l` duoë`.
00. 00. @htas @htas ma fhst`l`r l` duoë` ah al kjtjr, varfifqua qua l` rjsc` astæ lfkpf` y qua tjm`s l`s rjsc`s astæh fht`ct`s. @htas ma fhst`l`r l` duoë` ah al kjtjr, as pjsfdla ludrfc`r l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma l` duoë` cjh uh` cjkpjsfcfóh aspacf`l `htf`mbarahta qua cjhtfaha cjdra. 04. 04. ^`r` ^`r` `tjrhfll`r uh` val` ah v`rf`s vualt`s, puama us`r uh trjzj ma k`hguar` ma gjk` ah al qua, ah uh l`mj, fhsarta uh `fsl`mjr ma val` y, gfr`hmj l` k`hguar`, ahvualv` l` val` v`rf`s vacas.Luagj mada quft`r l` k`hguar` ma gjk` y `tjrhfll`r l` val` `l p`r raquarfmj. 03. 03. Ah Ah ljs l js kjmaljs cjh uh` c`p`cfm`m ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, fhst`la l`s djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj ah ljs ahcbuias, `oÿstaljs cjh parhjs y cjhacta ljs cjhactjra c jhactjrass alæctrfcj alæctrfcjs. s. 0=. 0=. Ah Ah kjtjras cjh uh maspl`z`kfahtj ma 0.9. lftrjs, fhst`la c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa ma `cuarmj cjh l` k`rc` y tjmjs ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs pravf`kahtaa qua fkpfmah al `ccasj ` l`s val`s. pravf`kaht Cjkprjd`cfóh mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs, varfifqua al ast`mj ma ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa, qua madah ast`r lfkpfjs y sacjs, y qua hj madah prasaht`r sfghjs ma `varë` alæctrfc` hf jxfm`cfóh. Ah kjmaljs ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, varfifqua al ast`mj ma ljs cjhactjras mal mav`h`mj prfk`rfj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj, qua t`kpjcj mada jxfm`rsa. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada al ast`mj fhtarhj ma l` puht` ma l` duoë`, qua hj mada kjstr`r sfghjs ma cjrrjsfóh, qua as uh pjlvj dl`hcj sólfmj. Fhst`la ifrkakahta l` puht` ma l` val` ah l` val`. 3. Al raakpl`zj Al raakpl`zj ma l`s val`s sa b`ca ah al eft. Taakpl`zj ma l` duoë` y cjhtrjl mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj Barr`kfaht`s p`r` quft`r l`s duoë`s y `oust`r al asp`cfj ma cbfsp`. cbfsp`.
Taakpl`zj
ma
l`s
duoë`s duoë`s
Al ccjrractj jrractj iuhcfjh`kfahtj iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l`s duoë`s as uh` ma ll`s `s cjhmfcfjhas kàs fkpjrt`htas p`r` uh iuhcfjh`kfahtj aifcfahta aifcfahta mal kjtjr. As asahcf`l asahcf`l qua sjlj l`s duoë`s aspacfifc`m`s astæh fhst`l`m`s ah al kjtjr. Cjh uh duah kjtjr, l` lfkpfaz` ma duoë`s as uh` jpar`cfóh r`r`. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, p`r` `ccamar ` l`s duoë`s as hacas`rfj ratfr`r l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj ifo`m` ah al cahtrj ma l` c`rc`s` ma l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y masahrjsqua ljs 9 tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh. Tatfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y masahrjsqua ljs t`pjhas.
4. Ah 4. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, al `ccasj ` l`s duoë`s as hacas`rfj p`r` ratfr`r l`s djqufll`s ma `fra.
3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs ah `usahcf` ma atfquat`s ah ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa, madah ast`r k`rc`mjs p`r` hj aqufvjc`rsa ah su fhst`l`cfóh pjstarfjr. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa l`s duoë`s cjh uh capfllj, uh` `spfr`mjr` j uh cbjrrj ma `fra cjkprfkfmj, lj qua avft`rà qua l` sucfam`m ahtra ah ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr maspuæs ma mas`tjrhfll`r l`s duoë`s. Barr`kfaht`s t`s p`r` quft`r l`s duoë`s y `oust`r al asp`cfj ma l` cbfsp` cbfsp` ). 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l`s duoë`s cjh l` ll`va ma duoë`s (va` l` ifg. ifg. Barr`kfah 9. L` 9. L` fhspaccfóh vfsu`l ma l` p`rta ma tr`d`oj ma l` duoë` puama kjstr`r al ast`mj mal kjtjr. Sf l` h`rfz mal `fsl`mjr ma l` duoë` astà lfkpf` y dl`hc`, sfh iljr`cfóh, astj fhmfc` uh` kazcl` mak`sf`mj pjdra. Astj t`kdfæh fhmfc` qua l` val` astà mak`sf`mj c`lfahta, as macfr, Al c`ljr mal alactrjmj cahtr`l sa alfkfh` laht`kahta. Sf as `së, ahtjhcas hacasft` hacasft` `oust`r l` cjkpjsfcfóh ma ll`` kazcl` j raakpl`z`r l` val`. 7. Sf 7. Sf l` p`rta h`s`l mal `fsl`mjr ma l` val` astà cudfart` cjh uh` iljr hagr`, sfghfifc` qua l` kazcl` as mak`sf`mj rfc`. Sf al mapósftj as hagrj y `caftjsj, astj fhmfc` masg`sta mal kjtjr y l` hacasfm`m ma ravfs`rlj y rap`r`rlj. 2. Sf 2. Sf l` p`rta h`s`l mal `fsl`mjr astà cudfart` cjh uh` pàtfh` ma cjljr k`rróh cl`rj, l` kazcl` as óptfk` y al kjtjr astà ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas. 6. L` dracb` L` dracb` fhtaralactrjmj ma l` duoë` as ma gr`h fkpjrt`hcf`, y` qua Sf al asp`cfj as mak`sf`mj gr`hma j mak`sf`mj paquaðj, al t`k`ðj ma l` cbfsp` c`kdf`, lj qua cjhmuca ` uh` mfskfhucfóh ah l` aifcfahcf` mal kjtjr. L` lfqufm`cfóh mada cukplfr sfakpra l`s aspacfifc`cfjhas.
0>. 0>. L` L` bjlgur` sa varfifc` cjh uh c`lfdra c `lfdra ma c`dla j sjhm`. Al `ousta ma l` sap`r`cfóh sa ra`lfz` mjdl`hmj al alactrjmj l`tar`l. Ah hfhgÿh c`sj sa puama mjdl`r al alactrjmj cahtr`l, y` qua Astj puama prjvjc`r l` rjtur` mal `fsl`mjr y al i`llj ma l` duoë`.
00. 00. @htas @htas ma fhst`l`r l` duoë` ah al kjtjr, varfifqua qua l` rjsc` astæ lfkpf` y qua tjm`s l`s rjsc`s astæh fht`ct`s. @htas ma fhst`l`r l` duoë` ah al kjtjr, as pjsfdla ludrfc`r l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma l` duoë` cjh uh` cjkpjsfcfóh aspacf`l `htf`mbarahta qua cjhtfaha cjdra. 04. 04. ^`r` ^`r` `tjrhfll`r uh` val` ah v`rf`s vualt`s, puama us`r uh trjzj ma k`hguar` ma gjk` ah al qua, ah uh l`mj, fhsarta uh `fsl`mjr ma val` y, gfr`hmj l` k`hguar`, ahvualv` l` val` v`rf`s vacas.Luagj mada quft`r l` k`hguar` ma gjk` y `tjrhfll`r l` val` `l p`r raquarfmj. 03. 03. Ah Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh` c`p`cfm`m ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, fhst`la l`s djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj ah ljs ahcbuias, `oÿstaljs cjh parhjs y cjhacta ljs cjhactjra c jhactjrass alæctrfcj alæctrfcjs. s. 0=. 0=. Ah Ah kjtjras uh maspl`z`kfahtj 0.9. lftrjs, fhst`la c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa ma `cuarmj cjh l` k`rc` y tjmjs ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs pravf`kaht pravf`kahta a quacjh fkpfmah al `ccasj ` l`smaval`s.
Cjkprjd`cfóh mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj ahcahmfmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs, varfifqua al ast`mj ma ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa, qua madah ast`r lfkpfjs y sacjs, y qua hj madah prasaht`r sfghjs ma `varë` alæctrfc` hf jxfm`cfóh. Ah kjmaljs ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, varfifqua al ast`mj ma ljs cjhactjras mal mav`h`mj prfk`rfj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj, qua t`kpjcj mada jxfm`rsa. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada al ast`mj fhtarhj ma l` puht` ma l` duoë`, qua hj mada kjstr`r sfghjs ma cjrrjsfóh, qua as uh pjlvj dl`hcj sólfmj. Fhst`la ifrkakahta l` puht` ma l` val` ah l` val`. 3. Al raakpl`zj Al raakpl`zj ma l`s val`s sa b`ca ah al eft. Taakpl`zj mal alakahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra KJMALJS AH YJLQKAH MA 0.9 LF]TJS. LF]TJS. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma suoacfóh y ratfra al `ccasjrfj ma ahtr`m` ma l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` cudfart` ma l` cul`t`.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ah l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`daz`.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta ljs mjs sjpjrtas ma l` cudfart` mal ifltrj.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cudfart` mal ifltrj (ijtj ` l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj (ijtj ` l` maracb`). 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al huavj alakahtj ma ifltrj y ra`lfca tjm`s l`s `ccfjhas ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. KJMALJS MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al sjpjrta (fhmfc`mj pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al tudj mal `ccasjrfj ma ahtr`m` ma l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` cudfart` `l `ljo`kfahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra y ratfra l` cudfart`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj y lfkpfa l` c`o` y l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al huavj alakahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra y ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs `htarfjrkahta. Taakpl`zj mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al ifltrj Al ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla astà udfc`mj ah al l`mj fhiarfjr maracbj mal vabëculj, ouhtj `l `l t`hqua ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla. fdla. ^`r` `ccamar `ccamar `l ifltrj, d dljquaa ljquaa l`s rruam`s uam`s mal`htar`s y lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utjkóvfl.
4. Suoata 4. Suoata l` k`hguar` ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla ah al l`mj mal ifltrj. Sf as hacas`rfj, masprasurfca al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma ifo`cfóh mal ifltrj masahg`hcbàhmjl` mal ratahamjr y ratfra al ifltrj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al huavj ifltrj y `oÿstalj cjh uh cfhturóh. @sagÿrasa ma qua l` lahgüat` ma l` cjrra` astæ `lfha`m` cjh l` r`hur` mal ifltrj. 1. Cjhacta 1. Cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla `l ifltrj y ratfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla. 9. @rr`hqua 9. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y varfifqua l` ast`hquafm`m ma l` k`hguar` p`r` ifltr`r l` cjhaxfóh. Cjkprjd`r y sustftufr l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r `uxflf`r.. Alakahtjs ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh p`r` cjrra` ah Y `uxflf`r (kjmaljs ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj)
0. Qh tjrhfllj ma `ousta 4. Qh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh 3. Qh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` pjla` ma tahsfóh =. ^jla` ma tahsfóh
Alakahtjs ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh p`r` cjrra` ah Y `uxflf`r (kjmaljs ma 4.> lftrjs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) 0. ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. 4. ]jrhflljs ma `ousta. 3. ^jla` tahsjr` . =. ^jla` ma marfv`cfóh.
Alakahtjs ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh p`r` cjrra` ah Y `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) `cjhmfcfjh`mj)
0. Qh` ll`va cu`mr`m` p`r` `oust`r al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh 4. Qh` ll`va ma =.> kk 3. Qh sjpjrta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh =. Qh` pjla` ma marfv`cfóh 1. Qh` pjla` ma tahsfóh
@mvartahcf` Sagÿh al kjmalj y al aqufpj fhst`l`mj, al `ccasj ` l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r puama sar axtrak`m`kahta lfkft`mj. Sf sa raqufara uh asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj kàs gr`hma, sa mada ratfr`r al cjhtrjl alactróhfcj ma ahcahmfmj / sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla (ACQ). Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tahsfóh k`hu`l ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ^augajt racjkfahm` us`r uh` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` aspacf`l (SAAK C0>1.1) p`r` ast`dlacar cjh pracfsfóh l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. Sf ast` barr`kfaht` hj astà mfspjhfdla, sa puama ljgr`r uh` fhst`l`cfóh `prjxfk`m` utflfz`hmj al kætjmj qua sa mascrfda ` cjhtfhu`cfóh. Cu`hmj sa utflfz` uh kætjmj `prjxfk`mj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`, l` tahsfóh mada cjkprjd`rsa lj `htas pjsfdla cjh uh` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc`.
Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh` cjrra` tr`pazjfm`l, l` tahsfóh sa `oust` k`hu`lkahta ah ljs kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj y `utjkàtfc`kahta ah ljs kjma kjmaljs ljs cjhaqufp`mjs `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj. Cjkprjd`r al ast`mj ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. `uxflf`r. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @prfata 0. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs, sap`ra ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra al `rcj prjtactjr ma mad`oj mal gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj maracbj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj. =. Qs`hmj =. Qs`hmj uh` ll`va @llah cjh uh c`dla ma axtahsfóh kjht`mj ah al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, gfr`hmj al cfgüað`l , ax`kfha al ast`mj ma l` cjrra` c jrra` ah dusc` ma grfat`s, masl`kfh`cfóh y ahgr`sa. Taakpl`ca l` cjrra` sf as hacas`rfj.
1. Sf 1. Sf l` cjhmfcfóh ma l` cjrra` as s`tfsi`ctjrf`, ahtjhca ahtjhcass ah l js kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj, varfifqua l` tahsfóh ma l` cjr ra`.
Tatfr`r, fhst`l`r y `oust`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r (kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al c`dla hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @prfata 4. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs, sap`ra ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra al `rcj prjtactjr ma mad`oj mal gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj maracbj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs (j uhj) qua ifo`h al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. (var ifg. Alakahtjs ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` tr`pazjfm`l `uxflf`r (kjmaljs ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs sfh `fra `cjhmfc `cjhmfcfjh`mj) fjh`mj) j Ifg. Ifg. Alakahtjs ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` tr`pazjfm`l `uxflf`r (kjmaljs ma 4.> l sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) ) `cjhmfcfjh`mj) 9. Gfr`hmj 9. Gfr`hmj al parhj ma `ousta, kuav` l` pjla` tahsjr` ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh b`st` qua astæ cjkplat`kahta `iljo`m`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh 7. Cjljqua 7. Cjljqua l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l`s pjla`s ah al sfgufahta jrmah? - djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm`5 - cfgüað`l5 - gahar`mjr - ^jla` ma marfv`cfóh (kjmaljs ma 4.> lftrjs)? - ^jla` tahsjr`. 2. Cjkpruada 2. Cjkpruada qua l` cjrra` astæ cjrract`kahta fhst`l`m` ah l`s pjla`s sfh tjrcarl`. Tatfra l` bjlgur` ma l` cjrra` gfr`hmj al parhj ma `ousta ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`. L` tahsfóh tahsfóh 6. Ah 6. Ah c`sj ma tahsfóh fhsuifcfahta, l` cjrra` sa maslfz`rà sjdra l`s pjla`s y b`rà uh cbfrrfmj. Sf sa axcama l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`, ljs cjofhatas mal `ltarh`mjr puamah m`ð`rsa. 0>. L` cjrra` L` cjrra` sa mada tahs`r ma kjmj qua cu`hmj prasfjha al pulg`r ah l` r`k` l`rg` ma l` cjrra`, l` masvf`cfóh sa` ma `prjxfk`m`kahta 1.> kk. 00. 00. ^`r` ^`r` `oust`r l` tahsfóh, masahrjsqua ljs mjs tjrhflljs (j uhj) ma l` ifo`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y, gfr`hmj al tjrhfllj ma `ousta, kuav` l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ` l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. Maspuæs ma `oust`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`, gfra al cfgüað`l cu`trj vacas y vualv` ` cjhvartfr l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`. 04. 04. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma `oust`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`, `prfata al parhj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. Cjhacta al c`dla hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la al `rcj ma l` ruam` mad` mad`oj oj mal `l`, al gu`rm` gu`rm`d`rrjs, d`rrjs, l` ruam` y d`oa al `utjkóvfl. Alfkfh`cfóh, fhst`l`cfóh y `ousta ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al c`dla hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal cjcba. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs, sap`ra ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra al `rcj prjtactjr ma mad`oj mal gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj maracbj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj. 4. Kuav` 4. Kuav` l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh uh` ll`va cu`mr`m` fhst`l`m` ah al sjpjrta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh `utjkàtfcj (cjhsulta l` ifgur`. ifgur`. Alakahtjs ma `ousta ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ah Y `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) ). Qh` vaz qua al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh astæ sualtj, ifoa ast` pjsfcfóh fhsart`hmj uh` ll`va @llah ma =.> kk ah al jrfifcfj. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ma tjm`s l`s pjla`s, jdsarv`hmj l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh. Fhst`l`cfóh y tahsfóh tahsfóh 3. Cjljqua 3. Cjljqua l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l`s pjla`s ah al sfgufahta jrmah? - pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh5 - cfgüað`l5 - cjkprasjr ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh `cjhmfcfjh`mj5 `mj5 - djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm`5 - pjla` ma marfv`cfóh5 - `ltarh`mjr =. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, `prfata ljs parhjs ma dljquaj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh `utjkàtfcj. 1. Yarfifqua 1. Yarfifqua qua l` cjrra` astæ cjrract`kahta fhst`l`m` ah l`s pjla`s sfh tjrcarl`. Sualta al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh quft`hmj l` ll`va cu`mr`m`. Al rasjrta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh prjpjrcfjh`rà l` tahsfóh cjrract` ma l` cjrra`. Cjhacta al c`dla hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al `rcj ma l` ruam` mad`oj mal `l`, al gu`rm`d`rrjs, l` ruam` y d`oa al `utjkóvfl. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs k`hu`l @mvartahcf` Maspuæs ma mas`tjrhfll`r al t`póh ma kamfcfóh mal hfval ma `cafta, as hacas`rfj fhst`l`r uh huavj sallj ah æl. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta al `utjkóvfl ah uh alav`mjr ast`cfjh`rfj j cjlóqualj pjr ahcfk` mal pjzj ma jdsarv`cfóh ah pjsfcfóh bjrfzjht`l. Kfm` al hfval ma `cafta `l kahjs 1 kfhutjs maspuæs ma `p`g`r al kjtjr.Sf cjkpruad` al hfval ma `cafta fhkamf`t`kahta maspuæs ma `p`g`r al kjtjr, al rasult`mj sarà fhcjrractj, pjrqua ^`rta mal `cafta park`haca mfstrfdufmj ah ljs alakahtjs ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` fzqufarm`, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa ma l`s `l`s p`r` `ccamar `l t`póh ma llah`mj / hfval ma `cafta. 3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa al àra` `lramamjr mal cjrcbj, qua sa puama maifhfr cjkj al parhj cjh l` c`daz` kàs gr`hma ah l` cudfart` mal`htar` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
=. Qsa =. Qsa uh` ll`va p`r` `iljo`r al hfval ma llah`mj / llah`mj ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla al t`póh y ratfra al sallj.
9. Al 9. Al hfval ma `cafta mada ast`r ah al hfval fhiarfjr mal jrfifcfj ma llah`mj.
7. Sf 7. Sf sama masdjrmó kfahtr`s llah`d` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas cjh `cafta, ahtjhcas varfifqua qua al `utj astæ cjljc`mj bjrfzjht`lkahta y parkft` qua al axcasj `cafta mraha ah alsacjhtahamjr `prjpf`mj. 2. Cu`hmj 2. Cu`hmj sa `lc`hz` al hfval hjrk`l ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, fhst`la uh huavj sallj ah al t`póh y `prfætalj cjh al p`r ma tjrsfóh `prjpf`mj. Lfkpfa l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ma ljs rastjs ma `cafta. Fhst`la uh `rcj prjtactjr y uh` ruam`. 6. L` hacasfm`m L` hacasfm`m ma uh llah`mj iracuahta ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas fhmfc` uh` iug` ma `cafta, qua mada alfkfh`rsa.
Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj i rahj tr`sar`s. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
Tatfra ljs t`kdjras ma irahj tr`sarjs y varfifqua qua l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj hj astæh masg`st`m`s hf cjht`kfh`m`s. @l kfskj tfakpj, cjkpruada qua ljs cflfhmrjs ma irahj ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj hj astæh `prat`mjs y qua ljs t`kdjras ma irahj hj astæh masg`st`mjs.
Taakpl`zj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs @mvartahcf` Al lëqufmj ma irahjs vfaoj tfaha uh cjljr kàs jscurj qua al huavj.
L` jpar`cfóh p`r` raakpl`z`r al lëqufmj ma irahjs i rahjs as sfkfl`r ` l` jpar`cfóh ma djkdaj ma ljs irahjs, axcaptj qua al mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs prfkarj mada sar lfdar`mj mal lëqufmj ma irahjs `htarfjr. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` prfkar` djqufll` ma purg` y gfra al pam`l mal irahj b`st` qua al lëqufmj ma irahjs `htarfjr s`lg` mal cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahjs. 4. @gragua 4. @gragua lëqufmj ma irahjs huavj ` l` k`rc` "k`x" ah al t`hqua y vualv` ` s`hgr`r b`st` qua `p`razc` uh lëqufmj ma irahjs huavj ah al puhtj ma purg`, luagj ahrjsqua l` djqufll` ma purg`. Mal kfskj kjmj, purgua ljs cfrcuftjs ma irahj ma l`s ruam`s rast`htas. 3. @l 3. @l djkda`r, hj d`oa al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al mapósftj pjr mad`oj ma l` k`rc` "kfh". Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, al `fra puama ahtr`r ah al sfstak` ma irahjs bfmràu bfmràulfcjs. lfcjs. =. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada al `ousta ma l`s djqufll`s ma purg`, fhst`la t`p`s ma pjlvj ah all`s y lfkpfa ljs r`strjs ma lëqufmj ma irahjs. 1. Cjkpruada 1. Cjkpruada al sfstak` ma irahjs cu`hmj al vabëculj sa astà kjvfahmj ` d`o` valjcfm`m C`m` 04>.>>> ek j c`m` mjs `ðjs. @mvartahcf` raakpl`zj ma rairfgar`hta sa ra`lfz` ah uh kjtjr irëj. Avfta`gu`. qua al lëqufmj rairfgar`hta sa ahcuahtra ah l`s suparifcfas pfht`m`s mal cuarpj y l` rjp`. Ma ljAlcjhtr`rfj, ahou`gua al àra` cjh rairfgar`hta cjh `duhm`hta JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Mrah`oa ma rairfgar`ht rairfgar`hta a 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` mal t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. ^`r` b`car astj, gfra l` cudfart` ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` l` prfkar` ifo`cfóh, aspara b`st` qua sa alfkfha l` prasfóh rasfmu`l ah al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, luagj prasfjha l` cudfart` b`cf` `d`oj y, ah ast` pjsfcfóh, gfra ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` l` saguhm` ifo`cfóh y ifh`lkahta ratfra l` cudfart`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s mad`oj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y cjljqua al racfpfahta mad`oj mal r`mf`mjr ah al l`mj fzqufarmj.
3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa al t`póh ma mrah`oa mal r`mf`mjr y parkft` qua al rairfgar`hta iluy` b`cf` al racfpfahta. Sf as hacas`rfj, sa puama uhfr uh sagkahtj (0) mal tudj cjrraspjhmfahta `l jrfifcfj ma mrah`oa (4) p`r` mfrfgfr al cbjrrj ma mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` `calar`r al mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta, `dr` ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l` ilacb`) p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. Ljs tjrhflljs astàh udfc`mjs ah al `cjpl`kfahtj ma `cjpl`kfahtj ma l` k`hguar` mal c`laht`mjr ah l` p`ram mfvfsjrf` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, al tjrhfllj ma purg` ma `fra puama ast`r ah al l`mj suparfjr fzqufarmj mal r`mf`mjr.
1. Cu`hmj 1. Cu`hmj sa matahg` al iluoj ma rairfgar`hta qua s`la mal r`mf`mjr, cjljqua uh racfpfahta mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs, al t`póh ma mrah`oa astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y ah ljs kjmaljs ma 4.> lftrjs, ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla al t`póh ma mrah`oa y maoa qua al rairfgar`hta sa mraha mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 7. Maspuæs 7. Maspuæs ma mrah`r al rairfgar`hta, `prfata l`s t`p`s mal r`mf`mjr y ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. L`v`mj mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh rairfgar`cfóh 2. Al rairfgar`hta Al rairfgar`hta mada c`kdf`rsa parfómfc`kahta, y al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mada sar l`v`mj, y` qua Al óxfmj y l` sucfam`m sa `cukul`h ah ljs c`h`las mal sfstak`. Al r`mf`mjr mada l`v`rsa fhmapahmfahtakahta mal kjtjr. Ahou`gua mal r`mf`mjr r`mf`mjr 6. ^`r` 6. ^`r` l`v`r al r`mf`mjr, as hacas`rfj `prat`r l` s`lfm` mal r`mf`mjr y `drfr al tjrhfllj ma mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh mal r`mf`mjr. 00. 00. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` k`hguar` ah l` ahtr`m` mal t`hqua suparfjr mal r`mf`mjr, `dr` al `gu` y l`va al r`mf`mjr b`st` qua s`lg` `gu` lfkpf` mal t`hqua fhiarfjr mal r`mf`mjr. 04. 04. Sf Sf hj puama l`v`r al r`mf`mjr cjh `gu` lfkpf`, usa uh matargahta. Kjtjr ma l`v`mj l`v`mj 03. 03. ^`r` ^`r` l`v`r al kjtjr, mas`tjrhflla al t`póh ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, qufta ljs tjrhflljs ma `fra y ratfra al tarkjst`tj. 0=. 0=. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mal r`mf`mjr y `lfkahta uh cbjrrj ma `gu` lfkpf` ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` `l dljqua mal kjtjr y ahouàgualj b`st` qua s`lg` `gu` lfkpf` ma l` k`hguar` fhiarfjr `l r`mf`mjr. 01. 01. Fhst`la Fhst`la al tarkjst`tj y cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh.
Llah`mj mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. rairfgar`cfóh.
09. 09. @htas @htas ma llah`r al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, `sagÿrasa ma qua tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s y `dr`z`mar`s astæh ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta mada utflfz`rsa mur`hta tjmj al `ðj p`r` avft`r l` cjrrjsfóh. ]`kdfæh varfifqua qua al t`póh mal r`mf`mjr y ljs t`pjhas ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astæh ah su lug`r. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra al t`póh mal t`hqua ma cjkpahs`cfóh. 02. 02. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`layuh t`hqua `mfcfjh`l pjr uh` ilacb`) ah al`mfcfjh`l t`hqua `l mat`hqua axp`hsfóh llaha laht`kahta al (fhmfc`mj sfstak`. @gragua uh t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh y llaha laht`kahta al sfstak`. Al t`hqua `mfcfjh`l mada fhst`l`rsa ifrkakahta ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh, lj qua g`r`htfz`rà al llah`mj ma ljs puhtjs kàs `ltjs mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj.
4>. 4>. Cu`hmj Cu`hmj al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj astæ llahj ma lëqufmj, t`h prjhtj cjkj `p`razc` uh rairfgar`hta sfh durduo`s ma `fra, `prfata ljs tjrhflljs ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal tjrhfllj p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra.Al t`hqua `mfcfjh`l mada ast`r llahj mur`hta tjmj al prjcasj ma llah`mj mal sfstak`. 40. 40. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma llah`r al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, `prfata tjmjs ljs tjrhflljs a fhst`la l` t`p` ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. 44. 44. @rr`hqua @rr`hqua al kjtjr y c`lfæhtalj ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj, luagj varfifqua al hfval ma rairfgar`hta y, sf as hacas`rfj, vualv` ` l` hjrk`lfm`m. Taakpl`zj ma rairfgar`ht rairfgar`htaa
@mvartahcf` Al raakpl`zj ma rairfgar`hta sa ra`lfz` ah uh kjtjr irëj. Avfta qua al lëqufmj rairfgar`hta sa ahcuahtra ah l`s suparifcfas pfht`m`s mal cuarpj y l ` rjp`. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, ahou`gua al àra` cjh rairfgar`hta cjh `duhm`hta `gu`. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Mrah`oa ma rairfgar`ht rairfgar`hta a
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` mal t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. ^`r` b`car astj, gfra l` cudfart` ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` l` prfkar` ifo`cfóh, aspara b`st` qua sa alfkfha l` prasfóh rasfmu`l ah al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, luagj prasfjha l` cudfart` b`cf` `d`oj y, ah ast` pjsfcfóh, gfra ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` l` saguhm` ifo`cfóh y ifh`lkahta ratfra l` cudfart`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s mad`oj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y cjljqua al racfpfahta mad`oj mal r`mf`mjr ah al l`mj fzqufarmj. 3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa al t`póh ma mrah`oa mal r`mf`mjr y parkft` qua al rairfgar`hta iluy` b`cf` al racfpfahta. Sf as hacas`rfj, sa puama uhfr uh sagkahtj (0) mal tudj cjrraspjhmfahta `l jrfifcfj ma mrah`oa (4) p`r` mfrfgfr al cbjrrj ma mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` `calar`r al mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta, `dr` ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l` ilacb`) p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. Ljs tjrhflljs astàh udfc`mjs ah al `cjpl`kfahtj ma `cjpl`kfahtj ma l` k`hguar` mal c`laht`mjr ah l` p`ram mfvfsjrf` cjkp`rtfkfahtj kjtjrmaypurg` ah l` p`rta ma l` c`o` tarkjst`tj. Ah mal `lguhjs kjmaljs, almal tjrhfllj ma `frasuparfjr puama ast`r ah almal l`mj suparfjr fzqufarmj mal r`mf`mjr.
1. Cu`hmj 1. Cu`hmj sa matahg` al iluoj ma rairfgar`hta qua s`la mal r`mf`mjr, cjljqua uh racfpfahta mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs, al t`póh ma mrah`oa astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y ah ljs kjmaljs ma 4.> lftrjs, ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla al t`póh ma mrah`oa y maoa qua al rairfgar`hta sa mraha mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 7. Maspuæs 7. Maspuæs mrah`r ma al rairfgar`hta, `prfata l`s t`p`s mal r`mf`mjr y ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. L`v`mj malma sfstak` rairfgar`cfóh rairfgar`cfóh 2. Al rairfgar`hta Al rairfgar`hta mada c`kdf`rsa parfómfc`kahta, y al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mada sar l`v`mj, y` qua Al óxfmj y l` sucfam`m sa `cukul`h ah ljs c`h`las mal sfstak`. Al r`mf`mjr mada l`v`rsa fhmapahmfahtakahta mal kjtjr. Ahou`gua mal r`mf`mjr r`mf`mjr 6. ^`r` 6. ^`r` l`v`r al r`mf`mjr, as hacas`rfj `prat`r l` s`lfm` mal r`mf`mjr y `drfr al tjrhfllj ma mrah`oa mal rairfgar`hta. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh mal r`mf`mjr. 00. 00. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` k`hguar` ah l` ahtr`m` mal t`hqua suparfjr mal r`mf`mjr, `dr` al `gu` y l`va al r`mf`mjr b`st` qua s`lg` `gu` lfkpf` mal t`hqua fhiarfjr mal r`mf`mjr. 04. 04. Sf Sf hj al r`mf`mjr cjh `gu` lfkpf`, usa uh matargahta. Kjtjr ma puama l`v`mjl`v`r l`v`mj
03. 03. ^`r` ^`r` l`v`r al kjtjr, mas`tjrhflla al t`póh ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, qufta ljs tjrhflljs ma `fra y ratfra al tarkjst`tj.
0=. 0=. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mal r`mf`mjr y `lfkahta uh cbjrrj ma `gu` lfkpf` ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` `l dljqua mal kjtjr y ahouàgualj b`st` qua s`lg` `gu` lfkpf` ma l` k`hguar` fhiarfjr `l r`mf`mjr. 01. 01. Fhst`la Fhst`la al tarkjst`tj y cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Llah`mj mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. rairfgar`cfóh. 09. 09. @htas @htas ma llah`r al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, `sagÿrasa ma qua tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s y `dr`z`mar`s astæh ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta utflfz`rsa mur`hta tjmj al `ðj p`r` avft`r l` cjrrjsfóh. ]`kdfæh varfifqua qua al t`póh mal r`mf`mjr y ljs t`pjhas ma mrah`oa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjsmada astæh ah su lug`r. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra al t`póh mal t`hqua ma cjkpahs`cfóh. 02. 02. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la uh t`hqua `mfcfjh`l (fhmfc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh y llaha laht`kahta al sfstak`. @gragua uh t`hqua `mfcfjh`l `l t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh y llaha laht`kahta al sfstak`. Al t`hqua `mfcfjh`l mada fhst`l`rsa ifrkakahta ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh, lj qua g`r`htfz`rà al llah`mj ma ljs puhtjs kàs `ltjs mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj.
4>. 4>. Cu`hmj Cu`hmj al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj astæ llahj ma lëqufmj, t`h prjhtj cjkj `p`razc` uh rairfgar`hta sfh durduo`s ma `fra, `prfata ljs tjrhflljs ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal tjrhfllj p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra.Al t`hqua `mfcfjh`l mada ast`r llahj mur`hta tjmj al prjcasj ma llah`mj mal sfstak`. 40. 40. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma llah`r al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, `prfata tjmjs ljs tjrhflljs a fhst`la l` t`p` ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. 44. 44. @rr`hqua @rr`hqua al kjtjr y c`lfæhtalj ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj, luagj varfifqua al hfval ma rairfgar`hta y, sf as hacas`rfj, vualv` ` l` hjrk`lfm`m. Kjmaljs mfasal K`tarf`las ma jpar`cfóh y ilufmjs. ilufmjs. Kjtjr (mfasal)
@cafta ma kjtjr kultfgr`mj sagÿh l` aspacfifc` aspacfifc`cfóh cfóh @CA@ D4 / 69 j @^F CM (Muceb`ks PS, PRT, Bypargr`ma ^lus, Mfasal, Bypargr`ma j 0JW-=>)
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj
^rjcjr 3>>> Tairfgar`hta (Muceb`ks)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l
@cafta p`r` ahgr`h`oas S@A 71W-2JW sagÿh l` aspacfifc`cf aspacfifc`cfóh óh @^F GL1 (Muceb`ks Bypjfm ^] 71W-2JW)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h `utjkàtfc`
Sjlj `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ASSJ L] 700=0
Sfstak` ma irahjs y akdr`gua.
Ilufmj bfmràulfcj p`r` MJ]= (ilufmj uhfvars`l p`r` irahjs y akdr`guas Muceb`ks)
Mfraccfóh `sfstfm`
@cafta p`r` tr`hskfsfóh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàt `utjkàtfc` fc` Maxrjh FFM (Muceb`ks Qhfk`tfc) Qhfk`tfc)
Yjlÿkahas Yjlÿkahas @cafta ma kjtjr? - kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj • kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.4 l =.1 lftrjs
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.3 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=,2 l
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj? ]jmjs ljs kjtjras (`prjxfk`m (`prjxfk`m`kahta) `kahta)
2.> l
]r`hskfsfóh - Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs (`prjxfk`m`kahta).
4.> l
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs (`prjxfk`m`k (`prjxfk`m`kahta). ahta).
0.2 l
]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
7> l
Kjtjr Kjtjr
Ifltrj ma `cafta
C`kpaóh IF02
Cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r ma tahsfóh (utflfz`hmj l` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` ^augajt)? - cfhturóh huavj
04> uhfm`mas
- cfhturóh us`mj
6> uhfm`mas
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ahirf`kfahtj Kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta? - `htfcjhgal`hta 1>%
^rjtaccfóh ` -37 ¾ C
- `htfcjhgal`hta 11%
^rjtaccfóh ` -=1 ¾ C
Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla Alakahtj ma ifltrj ma `fra
C`kpaóh Q1=3
Ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla
C`kpaóh L0=0
Irahjs Irahjs ^`stfll`s ^`stfll `s ma irahj ma mfscj (grjsjr, kfh)
4.> kk
Cudrfr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ma t`kdjr (aspasjr, kfh)
0.1 kk
^rasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs (eg / ck 4 ) )
Irahta
]r`sarj
- 021/7> T0=, 061/91 T01
4,30
4,30
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
4,=1
4.14
Kjmaljs ma s`lóh?
Kjmaljs ma fhkuadlas? - 021/7> T0=
- 061/91 T01
4,30
4,=1
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H · k. k.
Ljs tjrhflljs maclfk`tfz`m l` `t`mur`jrmal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs sfh al clfk`tfz`mjr
44
Ljs parhjs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj mal rjmfllj tahsjr ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs cjh al clfk`tfz`mjr clfk`tfz`mjr
1>
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l / hfval ma `cafta t`póh
4>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` K`tarf`las ma jpar`cfóh y ilufmjs. ilufmjs. Kjtjr (mfasal)
@cafta ma kjtjr kultfgr`mj sagÿh l` aspacfifc` aspacfifc`cfóh cfóh @CA@ D4 / 69 j @^F CM (Muceb`ks PS, PRT, Bypargr`ma ^lus, Mfasal, Bypargr`ma j 0JW-=>)
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj
^rjcjr 3>>> Tairfgar`hta (Muceb`ks)
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l
@cafta p`r` ahgr`h`oas S@A 71W-2JW sagÿh l` aspacfifc`cf aspacfifc`cfóh óh @^F GL1 (Muceb`ks Bypjfm ^] 71W-2JW)
]r`hskfsfó h `utjkàtfc` ]r`hskfsfóh Sfstak` ma irahjs y akdr`gua.
Sjlj `cafta ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ASSJ L] 700=0 Ilufmj bfmràulfcj p`r` MJ]= (ilufmj uhfvars`l p`r` irahjs y akdr`guas Muceb`ks)
Mfraccfóh `sfstfm`
@cafta p`r` tr`hskfsfóh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàt `utjkàtfc` fc` Maxrjh FFM (Muceb`ks Qhfk`tfc) Qhfk`tfc)
Yjlÿkahas Yjlÿkahas @cafta ma kjtjr? - kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs?
• kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.4 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.1 lftrjs
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs? • kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=.3 l
• kjmaljs sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj
=,2 l
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj? ]jmjs ljs kjtjras (`prjxfk`m`kahta) (`prjxfk`m`kah ta)
2.> l
]r`hskfsfóh - Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs (`prjxfk`m`kahta).
4.> l
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs (`prjxfk`m`k (`prjxfk`m`kahta). ahta).
0.2 l
]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla
7> l
Kjtjr Kjtjr Ifltrj ma `cafta
C`kpaóh IF02
Cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r ma tahsfóh (utflfz`hmj l` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` ^augajt)? - cfhturóh huavj
04> uhfm`mas
- cfhturóh us`mj
6> uhfm`mas
Sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ahirf`kfahtj Kazcl` `htfcjhgal`hta? - `htfcjhgal`hta 1>%
^rjtaccfóh ` -37 ¾ C
- `htfcjhgal`hta 11%
^rjtaccfóh ` -=1 ¾ C
Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla
Alakahtj ma ifltrj ma `fra
C`kpaóh Q1=3
Ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla
C`kpaóh L0=0
Irahjs Irahjs ^`stfll`s ^`stfll `s ma irahj ma mfscj (grjsjr, kfh)
4.> kk
Cudrfr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ma t`kdjr (aspasjr, kfh)
0.1 kk
^rasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs (eg / ck 4 ) )
Irahta
]r`sarj
- 021/7> T0=, 061/91 T01
4,30
4,30
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
- 021/7> T0=
4,=1
4.14
- 061/91 T01
4,30
4,=1
- 4>1/9> T01
4,=1
4,=1
Kjmaljs ma s`lóh?
Kjmaljs ma fhkuadlas?
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H · k. k. Ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs sfh al clfk`tfz`m clfk`tfz`mjr jr
44
Ljs parhjs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj mal rjmfllj tahsjr ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, ljs kjmaljs cjh al clfk`tfz`mjr clfk`tfz`mjr
1>
]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l / hfval ma `cafta t`póh
4>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
Fhtarv`lj ma sarvfcfj
^`r` qua su `utjkóvfl astæ ah axcalahtas cjhmfcfjhas, mada k`htaharlj parfómfc`kahta. Al k`htahfkfahtj puama llav`rsa ` c`dj ma ijrk` cjhtfhu` y ah cfartjs fhtarv`ljs, qua sa ahukar`h ` cjhtfhu`cfóh. Astjs sjh ljs fhtarv`ljs këhfkjs ma sarvfcfj racjkahm`mjs pjr asta k`hu`l. Sak`h`l
j
c`m`
Cjkpruada -
=>>
ljs hfval
sfgufahtas ma
Al
C`m`
hfval
mal
C`kdfa
ek al
Mraha
ma ma
prasahcf` ma l`
0>,>>>
ma
d`tarë`, j
haukàtfcjs, 04
`cafta
al
alakahtjs?
`cafta
hfval L` ast`mj
ek. ek.
kasas mal
`gu`
lëqufmj `gu` ah lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s (lj kjtjr
mal
ma
l` tjm`s
y qua
l`s
jcurr`
y
al
ifltrj
kjtjr5 rairfgar`hta5 irahjs5 l`v`mjr`. djkdfll`s. prfkarj) prfkarj) ifltrj.
ma
cjkdustfdla.
Tavfsa tjmjs ljs cjkpjhah c jkpjhahtas tas mad`oj ma l` cudfart` y l`s k`hgu k`hguar`s ar`s ma ilufmj. Cjkpruada l` `ccfóh mal akdr`gua. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma ljs salljs mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Cjkpruada ljs cjkpjhahtas ma mfraccfóh y suspahsfóh. Ludrfqua tjm`s l`s dfs`gr`s y carr`mur` c arr`mur`s. s. C`m` @makàs
4>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ljs
puhtjs
mascrftjs
ek ek `htarfjrkahta,
b`g`
lj
sfgufahta?
Taakpl`ca Taakp l`ca al ifltrj ma pjlah mal sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh (sf lj b`y). C`m` @makàs Taakpl`ca
3>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ljs al
puhtjs
ek ek `htarfjras,
ifltrj
b`g` ma
lj
sfgufahta? `fra.
Taakpl`ca
al
ifltrj
ma
cjkdustfdla.
Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj mal`htar`s y tr`sar`s, `së cjkj al mfscj ma irahj y, sf as hacas`rfj, sustftÿy`ljs (kjmaljs cjh irahj ma mfscj). Cjkpruada al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal irahj ma k`hj. C`m` @makàs Yarfifqua Cjkpruada
ma al
tjmjs ast`mj
al
ljs
ma
hfval
ma
9>,>>> mascrftjs
puhtjs
l`
cjrra`
`cafta
ma
ma l`
tr`hskfsfóh c`o`
ma
`htarfjrkahta, `uxflf`r c`kdfjs
y k`hu`l
b`g` raakplàcal` y
rallaha
ek ek sfgufahta?
lj sf sf
as
hacas`rfj.
as
hacas`rfj.
Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj tr`sar`s y càkdfal`s sf as hacas`rfj (kjmaljs cjh t`kdjras ma irahj). C`m` @makàs
9>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ek ljs
j puhtjs
`htarfjras,
4 b`g`
`ðjs `ðjs lj
sfgufahta?
Taakpl`ca al lëqufmj ma irahjs. C`m` @makàs
04>,>>> ma
tjmjs
ljs
puhtjs
ek ek `htarfjras,
b`g`
lj
sfgufahta?
Taakpl`ca Taakp l`ca l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. @mvartahcf` Sa racjkfahm` raakpl`z`r l` cjrra` maht`m` ma b`st` 9>,>>> ek ah vabëculjs qua sa us`h fhtahsfv`kahta (kucbjs vf`oas cjrtjs, `calar`cfjhas y irahjs), y` qua Sa prjmucah m`ðjs gr`vas ah al kjtjr madfmj ` uh` ruptur` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Taakpl`ca al rairfgar`hta. K`htahfkfahtj Kjtjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr 4.0 lftrjs (vfst` suparfjr) suparfjr)
0. Cuallj ma llah`mj ma `cafta 4. Ifltrj ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla 3. D`tarë` =. ]`hqua ma lëqufmj ma irahjs 1. T`mf`mjr 9. ]`hqua ma axp`hsfóh 7. Sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh 2. Ifltrj ma `fra
6. Djkd` ma l` mfraccfóh bfmràulfc` 0>. Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla 00. Gahar`mjr 04. ]`hqua mal ilufmj ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` 03. ]`hqua mal l`v`p`r`drfs`s 0=. C`o` ma ralæs y iusfdlas 01. @DS 09. Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
Cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr 4.0 lftrjs (vfst` fhiarfjr) fhiarfjr)
0. ]`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta 4. Cjkprasjr mal `fra `cjhmfc `cjhmfcfjh`mj fjh`mj 3. Cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh =. ^fhz` ma irahj ^`rta tr`sar` mal cjcba (vfst` fhiarfjr) fhiarfjr)
1. Al dr`zj fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` 9. Y`rfll`oa ma l` mfraccfóh 7. Suspahsfóh mal`htar` ma l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr`
0. Mapósftj ma cjkdustfdla 4. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` mal dr`zj kóvfl 3. C`dla mal irahj ma k`hj
=. ^fhz` ma irahj 1. Dr`zj fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` 9. Dr`zj ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar`
Ast` sudsaccfóh astà mfsað`m` p`r` g`r`htfz`r al k`htahfkfahtj `macu`mj mal vabëculj, p`r` `yum`r ` k`htahar al vabëculj ah cjhmfcfjhas `macu`m`s y prjljhg`r su vfm` ÿtfl. Sf al k`htahfkfahtj hj sa ra`lfz` cjh ragul`rfm`m, al rasult`mj puama sar uh d`oj rahmfkfahtj mal kjtjr (pjtahcf` ma s`lfm` fhcjkplat`, cjkpjrt`kfahtj axtr`ðj mal kjtjr, atc.). Ah asta c`sj, sa madah llav`r ` c`dj l`s sfgufahtas `ccfjhas? @ccfjhas prfhcfp`las prfhcfp`las Lfkpf`r, fhspaccfjh`r fhspaccfjh`r y varfifc`r l` d`tarë`. Tavfsa tjmjs ljs ilufmjs il ufmjs ral`cfjh` ral`cfjh`mjs mjs cjh al kjtjr. Cjkpruada al ast`mj y l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. Yarfifqua al ast`mj mal ifltrj ma `fra y raakplàcalj sf as hacas`rfj. Taakpl`ca Taakp l`ca al ifltrj ma ccjkdust jkdustfdla. fdla.
Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s, djqufll`s y su ast`hquafm`m.
Sf astjs p`sjs hj b`h sfmj aiactfvjs, b`g` lj sfgufahta? @ccfjhas sacuhm`rf` sa cuhm`rf`ss Yarfifqua al sfstak` ma c`rg`. Cjkpruada al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. C`m` 0>.>>> ek j 04 kasas. L`s jpar`cfjhas ma k`htahfkfahtj sjh l`s kfsk`s qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` maspuæs ma 01,>>> eflókatrjs. Alfkfh`r al `gu` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla Al t`póh ma mrah`oa y l` tudarë` astàh udfc`mjs ah l` d`sa ma l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljqua 0. Cjljqua uh racfpfahta `macu`mj mad`oj ma l` tudarë` ma mrah`oa. 4. @dr` 4. @dr` al t`póh ma mrah`oa gfràhmjlj b`cf` l` fzqufarm`. 3. Mraha 3. Mraha al `gu` b`st` qua s`lg` cjkdustfdla lfkpfj pjr l` tudarë` ma mrah`oa, luagj cfarra al t`póh ma mrah`oa (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
=. @rr`hqua =. @rr`hqua al kjtjr. Sf al kjtjr hj `rr`hc` dfah, ahtjhcas al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla tfaha uh` iug`. Cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s k`hguar`s y matacta iug`s ma lëqufmjs. L`s jpar`cfjhas p`r` varfifc`r l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s k`hguar`s sjh l`s kfsk`s qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`, axcaptj pjr l`s sfgufahtas mfiarahcf`s. Cjkdustfdla Cjkdustfdla JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa tjm`s l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y sus cjhaxfjhas ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjras.
4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla ah sus cjhaxfjhas. 3. ]`kdfæh 3. ]`kdfæh ravfsa al àra` `lramamjr ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla p`r` matact`r iug`s ma cjkdustfdla.
@ctu`mjr ma akdr`gua a kdr`gua bfmràulfcj bfmràulfcj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Ah ljs kjmaljs ma akdr`gua `ccfjh`mjs bfmràulfc`kahta, varfifqua qua hj b`y` iug`s `lramamjr ma l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l` tudarë` `l cflfhmrj k`astrj mal akdr`gua y `l cflfhmrj ascl`vj mal akdr`gua `tjrhfll`mj ` l` c`o` mal akdr`gua. C`m` 4>.>>> ek Taakpl`ca al ifltrj ma `fra ifhj ah al sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh. L`s jpar`cfjhas p`r` raakpl`z`r al ifltrj ma `fra ifhj sjh l`s kfsk`s qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`. C`m` 3>.>>> ek L`s jpar`cfjhas jpar`cfj has ma k`htahfkfahtj sjh l`s kfsk`s qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas `utjkóvfl as cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`, axcaptj pjr l`s sfgufahtas mf mfiarahcf`s. iarahcf`s. Taakpl`zj mal alakahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra `fra JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` y ratfra l` ahtr`m` ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj.
4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs, mascjhacta l`s k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`hta (ijtj fzqufarm`) y l` vahtfl`cfóh (ijtj maracb`) ma l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` t`p` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
1. Lav`hta 1. Lav`hta l` t`p` y ratfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj.
9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa l` c`rc`s` y l ` t`p` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al huavj alakahtj ma ifltrj ah l` l ` c`o` mal ifltrj. Cfarra l` t`p` y `oÿsta `oÿstal` l` cjh tjrhflljs. tjrhflljs. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l`s k`hguar`s ma vahtfl`cfóh y ahirf`kfahtj y al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ah su lug`r. Fhst`la al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh y `sagÿralj cjh clfps ma k`hguar`. Taakpl`zj mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla Al ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla astà udfc`mj ah l` c`o` ma plàstfcj irahta `l kjtjr. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljqua 0. Cjljqua uh racfpfahta mad`oj ma l` k`hguar` ma mrah`oa ma cjkdustfdla mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla, masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj ma axtr`ccfóh ma `gu` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla y mraha cjkplat`kahta al cjkdustfdla mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. 4. Mastjrhflla 4. Mastjrhflla ljs cu`trj tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` t`p` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla y mast`pa. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al ifltrj ma l` c`rc`s`.
=. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al huavj ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla y l` t`p`. 1. Cudr` 1. Cudr` l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs parhjs cjh uh cjkpuastj `htf-`iljo`kfahtj y `prfata ljs parhjs. 9. Cfarra 9. Cfarra al tjrhfllj ma mrah`oa ma `gu` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. C`m` 9>.>>> ek ]`póh ma cjhtrjl ma hfval ma `cafta y t`póh ma mrah`oa ah uh` tr`hskfsfóh kacàhfc` ma `utjkóvflas cjh al kjtjr ma 4,0 lftrjs. @. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta mal cjrcbj D. ]`póh ma mrah`oa
Al cjhtrjl mal hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs as al kfskj qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`. L`s mfiarahcf`s sjh qua al cjrcbj p`r` varfifc`r al hfval ma `cafta ah ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs sa ahcuahtr` ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Cjkprjd`cfóh mal hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfj c`kdfjs. s. ]`póh ma cjhtrjl ma hfval ma `cafta y t`póh ma mrah`oa ah uh` tr`hskfsfóh kacàhfc` ma `utjkóvflas cjh al kjtjr ma 4,0 lftrjs. @. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta mal cjrcbj D. ]`póh ma mrah`oa
Al cjhtrjl mal hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs as al kfskj qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`. L`s mfiarahcf`s sjh qua al cjrcbj p`r` varfifc`r al hfval ma `cafta ah ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs sa ahcuahtr` ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Cjrra` ma tr`hskfs tr`hskfsfóh fóh `uxflf`r Kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh p`r` l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) `cjhmfcfjh`mj) 0. D`rr` cu`mr`m` ma 7.> kk curv`m` 4. Jrfifcfj cu`mr`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` pjla` tahsjr` cjh uh axcæhtrfcj 3. ^arhj cjh uh` axcæhtrfc` ma l` pjla` tahsjr` qua suoat` =. Jrfifcfj ma 2.> kk p`r` fhst`l`r uh tahsjr `utjkàtfcj ma cjrra`
Puft`r, fhst`l`r y cjhtrjl`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma cjh kjtjr kj tjr ma g`sjlfh`, cjh l` axcapcfóh ma ljs `utjkóvflas cjhtr`hskfsfóh as al kfskj qua p`r` ljs `utjkóvflas `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj. Alfkfh`cfóh, fhst`l`cfóh y `ousta ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @prfata 4. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs, sap`ra ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra al `rcj prjtactjr ma mad`oj mal gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj maracbj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj.
=. =. Иреоаьфб uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` axcæhtrfc` ma uh` pjla` ma tahsfóh (var ifg. Qh kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r (kjmaljs cjh al `cjhm `cjhmfcfjh`mjr) fcfjh`mjr) ).
1. Fhsarta 1. Fhsarta uh` v`rfll` cu`mr`m` curv` ma 7.> kk ah al jrfifcfj cu`mr`mj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh axcæhtrfcj. 9. Cjh 9. Cjh uh` v`rfll`, gfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh axcæhtrfcj b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ah al sjpjrta ma l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y ah l` suspahsfóh matràs mal sjpjrta sa `lfhaah. Maspuæs ma `lfha`r ljs jrfifcfjs, fhst`la l` v`rfll` cjrraspjhmfahta ah alljs (parhj K2 j v`rfll` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 2 kk). 7. Cjh 7. Cjh al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ifoj, gfra al axcæhtrfcj b`st` qua l` cjrra` astæ cjkplat`kahta `iljo`m`. Tatfra al cfhturóh. Fhst`l`cfóh y tahsfóh tahsfóh 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `lramamj `lramamjrr ma l`s pjla`s ah al sfgufahta jrmah? - cjkprasjr ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj5 - cfgüað`l5 - kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` pjla`5 - djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm`5 - `ltarh`m `ltarh`mjr jr - ^jla` tahsjr` axcæhtrfc`. 6. Cjkprjd`r 6. Cjkprjd`r l` cjrract` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` cjrra` ah l`s pjla`s. 0>. 0>. Gfra Gfra l` pjla` axcæhtrfc` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh b`cf` l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh b`st` qua sa ratfra l` ifo`cfóh. Sfh c`kdf`r l` pjsfcfóh ma l` pjla` axcæhtrfc` mal kac`hfskj, `prfata l` tahsfóh mal parhj ma kjht`oa. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra al parhj ma ifo`cfóh mal sjpjrta y gfra al cfgüað`l cu`trj vualt`s ah l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh ma tr`d`oj. 04. 04. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua l` `lfha`cfóh ma ljs jrfifcfjs ah al sjpjrta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa rafhsart`hmj al parhj. 03. 03. Cjhacta Cjhacta al c`dla hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`, fhst`la al al `rcj ma ll`` ruam` y l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mu s`lpfc`mur`s. r`s. Fhst`l`r F hst`l`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. C`m` 04>.>>> ek j 4 `ðjs. ]jrhfllj ma vahtfl`cfóh ah l` k`hguar` mal c`laht`mjr Al tjrhfllj astà fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`.
]jrhfllj ma vahtfl`cfóh ah l` k`hguar` ma marfv`cfóh marfv`cfóh
Al tjrhfllj astà fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`.
L`s jpar`cfjhas ma raakpl`zj ma rairfgar`hta rairfgar`hta sjh l`s kfsk`s qua p`r` ljs `utjkóv `utjkóvflas flas cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh`, axcaptj pjr l`s sf sfgufah gufahtas tas mfiarahcf`s. Ljs tjrhflljs p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh sa ahcuahtr`h ah l` k`hguar` mal c`laht`mjr ah l` p`ram mfvfsjrf` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y ah l` k`hguar` ma marfv`cfóh mal tarkjst`tj. Al tjrhfllj ma purg` ma `fra t`kdfæh sa puama fhst`l`r ah l` p`rta suparfjr fzqufarm` mal r`mf`mjr. kjtjr Ast` saccfóh mascrfda l`s jpar`cfjhas ma rap`r`cfóh qua sa puamah ra`lfz`r ah uh kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah uh `utjkóvfl. Sf al kjtjr y` astà maskjht`mj, l` jpar`cfóh ma maskjht`oa puama fghjr`rsa. MASCTF^CFÓH
MAL
KJ]JT
RQ
Kjtjr ma cu`trj cflfhmrjs kjht`mj tr`hsvars`lkahta ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. Al akdr`gua y l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs sa ahcuahtr`h ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. Al cf güað` güað`ll sa `pjy` ah cfhcj cjofhata cjofhatass prfhcfp` prfhcfp`las. las. Ljs sakfr sakfrfhgs fhgs ma akpuoa astàh fhst`l`mjs ah al ssaguhmj aguhmj cjofhata prfhcfp`l. Ah ljs c`daz`las fhiarfjras ma l`s dfal`s sa fhst`l`rjh ravastfkfahtjs. Ljs pfstjhas astàh uhfmjs ` l` dfal` cjh p`s`mjras ma pfstóh. Ah uh kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs, ljs p`s`mjras p`s`mjras mal pfstóh sa kjht`h ah uh `ousta maslfz`hta ah l`s dfal`s y sa s a `sagur`h cjh `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. Ah tjmjs ljs makàs kjmaljs kjmaljs `tarrfz`oa ifoj ah l` dfal`. Ljs pfstjhas cjhsfstah ah uh` `la`cfóh ma `lukfhfj y tfahah tras `hflljs ma pfstóh, mjs sall`mjras y uh r`sc`mjr ma `cafta. Ah ljs dljquas ma kjtjr ma `lukfhfj, al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs as mal tfpj ma "ravastfkfahtj bÿkamj". Ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma cflfhmrjs raakpl`z`dlas sa kjht`h ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y al sall`mj sa ra`lfz` ah l` d`sa mal ravastfkfahtj cjh uh` ouht` tórfc`. Ah ljs kjtjras cjh dljqua dljquass ma cflfhmrjs ma bfarrj iuhmfmj, al kjtjr tfaha al tfpj usu`l ma "ravastfkfahtj "ravastfkfahtj sacj". Ljs cflfhmrjs sa i`drfc`h mfract`kahta ah
al k`tarf`l mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y sjlj puamah `durrfrsa mur`hta l` rap`r`cfóh mal kjtjr. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, al àrdjl ma lav`s `ccfjh` l` cjrra` ma mfstrfdu mfstrfducfóh cfóh a fkpuls` jcbj vàlvul`s (kjmaljs (kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs) j mf mfacfsæfs acfsæfs vàlvul` vàlvul`ss (kjmaljs ma 0.2 lftrjs y 4.> lftrjs) ` tr`væs ma ljs akpuo`mjras udfc`mjs mad`oj ma l`s lav`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0,9 lftrjs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s
vàlvul`s astàh ragul`m`s pjr ouht`s, qua sa fhst`l`h ahtra ljs akpuo`mjras y al axtrakj suparfjr mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`5 Ah tjmjs ljs makàs kjmaljs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s sa `oust`h `utjkàtfc`kahta madfmj ` ljs akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs. Al àrdjl ma lav`s sa ahcuahtr` ah l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas qua astàh `tjrhfll`m`s ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` l ` cul`t`. L`s vàlvul`s astàh carr`m` carr`m`ss pjr rasjrtas qua prasfjh`h l` pl`c` ma l` vàlvul` cjhtr` al `sfahtj. Ljs `sfahtjs y l`s guë`s ma vàlvul`s sjh raakpl`z`dlas. L` djkd` mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj `ccfjh` l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh y astà udfc`m` ah al l`mj maracbj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Al kjtjr sa ludrfc` d`oj l` prasfóh cra`m` pjr l` djkd` ma `cafta, qua sa `ccfjh` (` tr`væs ma uh` c`mah` y uh `starfscj) masma al axtrakj maracbj mal cfgüað`l. Al `cafta sa `spfr` ` tr`væs ma uh cjl`mjr udfc`mj ah al racaptjr ma `cafta, y luagj iluya ` tr`væs ma uh ifltrj kjht`mj axtarh`kahta ah ljs c`h`las mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Masma `llë, al `cafta fhgras` `l cfgüað`l (cjofhatas prfhcfp`las) y `l àrdjl ma lav`s. Ljs cjofhatas ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` sa sukfhfstr`h cjh `cafta ` tr`væs ma ljs t`l`mrjs fhtarhjs ah al cfgüað`l5 ` ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s al `cafta t`kdfæh sa sukfhfstr` d`oj prasfóh. L`s lav`s y vàlvul`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s astàh ludrfc`m`s cjh `cafta rjcf`mj, `së cjkj cjh tjm`s l`s makàs p`rtas kóvflas mal kjtjr. Al ahirf`mjr ma `cafta astà fhst`l`mj ah `lguhjs kjmaljs p`r` k`htahar cjhst`hta l` takpar`tur` mal `cafta d`oj `lt`s c`rg`s ma jpar`cfóh. Al ahirf`mjr ma `cafta sa fhst`l` matràs mal ifltrj ma `cafta y sa ahirë` cjh rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mal kjtjr. Ljs kjtjras sa fmahtfifc`h hj sjlj pjr su vjlukah ma tr`d`oj, tr`d`oj, sfhj t`kdfæh pjr al cómfgj mal kjtjr. Al ccómfgj ómfgj mal kjtjr cjhst` ma tras latr`s (pjr aoakplj? DI_). Al cómfgj astà ast`kp`mj ah uh` pl`c` uhfm` `l l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, j ast`kp`m` mfract`kahta ah al l`mj irjht`l mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, ` l` fzqufarm` mal ifltrj ma `cafta. Jpar`cfjhas
ma
rap`r`cfóh
qua
puamah
ra`lfz`rsa
ah
al
kjtjr
fhst`l`mj
ah
al
`utjkóvfl?
cjkpruada l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` t`p` ma cul`t`5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`5 quft`r y fhst`l`r y `oust`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`5 axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh kac`hfskj ma cjrra` ma tahsfóh5 sustftucfóh ma ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma ludrfc`cfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s5 sustftucfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ma ljs t`quæs5 cjkprjd`cfóh y `ousta ma l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` cul`t`5 Lfkpfaz` ma cul`t` y pfstjhas. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal càrtar ma `cafta5 axtr`ccfóh, cjkprjd`cfóh a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta5 Taakpl`zj ma salljs ma `cafta mal cfgüað`l5 ratfr`m` a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh5 Maskjht`oa, fhspaccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh mal vjl`hta5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh r`mf`mjr ma `cafta.
Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`
Ast` saccfóh mascrfda l`s jpar`cfjhas ma rap`r`cfóh qua sa puamah ra`lfz`r ah uh kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah uh `utjkóvfl. Sf al kjtjr y` astà maskjht`mj, l` jpar`cfóh ma maskjht`oa puama fghjr`rsa. MASCTF^CFÓH
MAL
KJ]JT
RQ
Kjtjr ma cu`trj cflfhmrjs kjht`mj tr`hsvars`lkahta ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. Al akdr`gua y l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs sa ahcuahtr`h ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. Al cf güað` güað`ll sa `pjy` ah cfhcj cjofhatas prfhcfp` prfhcfp`las. las. Ljs sakfr sakfrfhgs fhgs ma akpuoa astàh fhst`l`mjs ah al ssaguhmj aguhmj cjofhata prfhcfp`l. Ah ljs c`daz`las fhiarfjras ma l`s dfal`s sa fhst`l`rjh ravastfkfahtjs. Ljs pfstjhas astàh uhfmjs ` l` dfal` cjh p`s`mjras ma pfstóh. Ah uh kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs, ljs p`s`mjras mal pfstóh sa kjht`h ah uh `ousta maslfz`hta ah l`s dfal`s y sa `sagur`h cjh `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. Ah tjmjs ljs makàs kjmaljs `tarrfz`oa ifoj ah l` dfal`. Ljs pfstjhas cjhsfstah ah uh` `la`cfóh ma `lukfhfj y tfahah tras `hflljs ma pfstóh, mjs sall`mjras y uh r`sc`mjr ma `cafta. Ah ljs dljquas ma kjtjr ma `lukfhfj, al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs as mal tfpj ma "ravastfkfahtj bÿkamj". Ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma cflfhmrjs raakpl`z`dlas sa kjht`h ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y al sall`mj sa ra`lfz` ah l` d`sa mal ravastfkfahtj cjh uh` ouht` tórfc`. Ah ljs kjtjras cjh dljqua dljquass ma cflfhmrjs ma bfarrj iuhmfmj, al kjtjr tfaha al tfpj usu`l ma "ravastfkfahtj "ravastfkfahtj sacj". Ljs cflfhmrjs sa i`drfc`h mfract`kahta ah al k`tarf`l mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y sjlj puamah `durrfrsa mur`hta l` rap`r`cfóh mal kjtjr. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, al àrdjl ma lav`s `ccfjh` l` cjrra` ma mfstrfdu mfstrfducfóh cfóh a fkpuls` jcbj vàlvul`s (kjmaljs (kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs) j mf mfacfsæfs acfsæfs vàlvul` vàlvul`ss (kjmaljs ma 0.2 lftrjs y 4.> lftrjs) ` tr`væs ma ljs akpuo`mjras udfc`mjs mad`oj ma l`s lav`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0,9 lftrjs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s astàh ragul`m`s pjr ouht`s, qua sa fhst`l`h ahtra ljs akpuo`mjras y al axtrakj suparfjr mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`5 Ah tjmjs ljs makàs kjmaljs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s sa `oust`h `utjkàtfc`kahta madfmj ` ljs akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs. Al àrdjl ma lav`s sa ahcuahtr` ah l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas qua astàh `tjrhfll`m`s ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` l ` cul`t`. L`s vàlvul`s astàh carr`m` carr`m`ss pjr rasjrtas qua prasfjh`h l` pl`c` ma l` vàlvul` cjhtr` al `sfahtj. Ljs `sfahtjs y l`s guë`s ma vàlvul`s sjh raakpl`z`dlas. L` djkd` mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj `ccfjh` l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh y astà udfc`m` ah al l`mj maracbj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Al kjtjr sa ludrfc` d`oj l` prasfóh cra`m` pjr l` djkd` ma `cafta, qua sa `ccfjh` (` tr`væs ma uh` c`mah` y uh `starfscj) masma al axtrakj axtrakj maracbj mal cfgüað`l. Al `cafta sa `spfr` ` tr`væs ma uh cjl`mjr udfc`mj ah al racaptjr ma `cafta, y luagj iluya ` tr`væs ma uh ifltrj kjht`mj axtarh`kahta ah ljs c`h`las mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Masma `llë, al `cafta fhgras` `l cfgüað`l (cjofhatas prfhcfp`las) y `l àrdjl ma lav`s. Ljs cjofhatas ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` sa sukfhfstr`h cjh `cafta ` tr`væs ma ljs t`l`mrjs fhtarhjs ah al cfgüað`l5 ` ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s al `cafta t`kdfæh sa sukfhfstr` d`oj prasfóh. L`s lav`s y vàlvul`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s astàh ludrfc`m`s cjh `cafta rjcf`mj, `së cjkj cjh tjm`s l`s makàs p`rtas kóvflas mal kjtjr. Al ahirf`mjr ma `cafta astà fhst`l`mj ah `lguhjs kjmaljs p`r` k`htahar cjhst`hta l` takpar`tur` mal `cafta d`oj `lt`s c`rg`s ma jpar`cfóh. Al ahirf`mjr ma `cafta sa fhst`l` matràs mal ifltrj ma `cafta y sa ahirë` cjh rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj mal kjtjr.
Ljs kjtjras sa fmahtfifc`h hj sjlj pjr su vjlukah v jlukah ma tr`d` tr`d`oj, oj, sfhj t`kdfæh pjr al cómfgj mal kjtjr. Al cómfgj mal kjtjr cjhst` ma tras latr`s (pjr aoakplj? DI_). Al cómfgj astà ast`kp`mj ah uh` pl`c` uhfm` `l l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, j ast`kp`m` mfract`kahta ah al l`mj irjht`l mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, ` l` fzqufarm` mal ifltrj ma `cafta.
Jpar`cfjhas
ma
rap`r`cfóh
qua
puamah
ra`lfz`rsa
ah
al
kjtjr
fhst`l`mj
ah
al
`utjkóvfl?
cjkpruada l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` t`p` ma cul`t`5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l5 -Maskjht`oa y a fhst`l`r fhst`l`cfóh ma l` l` c`rc`s` mama l`l` cjrra` maht`m`5 quft`r y `oust`r tahsfóh cjrra` maht`m`5 axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh kac`hfskj ma cjrra` ma tahsfóh5 sustftucfóh ma ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma ludrfc`cfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s5 sustftucfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ma ljs t`quæs5 cjkprjd`cfóh y `ousta ma l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s5 Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` cul`t`5 Lfkpfaz` ma cul`t` y pfstjhas. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal càrtar ma `cafta5 axtr`ccfóh, cjkprjd`cfóh a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta5 Taakpl`zj ma salljs ma `cafta mal cfgüað`l5 ratfr`m` a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh5 Maskjht`oa, fhspaccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh mal vjl`hta5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh r`mf`mjr ma `cafta. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Kjtjr Kjtjr Masfgh`cfóh? - Kjtjr ma 0,9 lftrjs (012> ck 3 ). - Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs (0790 ck 3 ).
RQ1 RQ7
- Kjtjr ma 4,> lftrjs (0662 ck 3 ).
RQ0>
Cómfgjs ma kjtjr? - 0.9 lftrjs
DI_ (RQ1 O^ / _ / L L3)
- 0.2 lftrjs
LIV (RQ7 O^= / _ / L / L3)
- 4.> lftrjs
TIY (RQ0JO=T / _ / L / L3) j T9A (RQ0J O=T / E)
Mfàkatrj mal cflfhmrj? - Kjtjr 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs. lftrjs .
23.>> kk
- Kjtjr 4.> lftrjs.
29.>> kk
Gjlpa ma pfstóh? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. lftrjs .
73.>> kk
- Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs. lftrjs .
20.=> kk
- Kjtjr 4.> lftrjs.
29.>> kk
Mfraccfóh Mfraccf óh ma rjt`cfóh mal cfgüað`l Cflfhmrj Cflfhmr j hukarj 0
Ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo (kfr`r masma al l`mj maracbj mal cjcba) L`mj ma tr`hskfsfóh
Tal`cfóh ma cjkprasfóh? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. lftrjs .
6.41? 0
- Kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs. lftrjs .
0>.=? 0
- Kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs .
0>.=? 0
Al hÿkarjmfract`kahta mal kjtjr astà ah uh`mal pl`c` uhfm`ma`lcflfhmrjs axtrakj(`fzqufarmj irjht`l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ljs kjtjras 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs y sa ast`kp` ah ast`kp`mj l` p`rta mal`htar` dljqua l` fzqufarm` mal mal ifltrj ma `cafta) ah ljs ah kjtjras ma 4.> ma lftrjs. rdjl ma lav`s lav`s Cjhmucfr Hÿkarj ma cjofhatas ma akpuoa Ouagj ma vàlvul`s (sjlj kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs) lftrjs)
Cjrra` maht`m` 1
Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m`? Yàlvul` ma asc`pa?
>.4> ° >.>1 kk >.=> ° >.>1 kk
Sfstak` ma ludrfc`cfjh ludrfc`cfjh ]fpj ma djkd` ma `cafta
Ahgr`h`oa cjh c`mah` ma `ccfjh`kfahtj masma al cfgüað`l.
^rasfóh këhfk` ` 2> ¾ C
1.3 d`r ` =>>> rpk
Fhtarruptjr ma prasfóh ah al sahsjr ma prasfóh
>.1 d`r
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k.
Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs ^arhjs ma suspahsfóh `ltarh`mjr
44
C`squfllj ma rjm`kfahtj fhiarfjr dfal` c`daz`? - at`p` 0
=>
@iljoa cjkplat`kahta tjmjs ljs parhjs, luagj vualv` ` `prat`rljs? - at`p` 4
4>
- at`p` 3
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 7> ¾.
C`squfllj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s
01
Al dulóh ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s
31
^arhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l
04>
]jrhflljs ma cul`t`? - at`p` 0 @iljoa cjkplat`kahta tjmjs ljs parhjs, luagj vualv` ` `prat`rljs?
9>
- at`p` 4
4>
- at`p` 3
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 3>> ¾
]`p`s ma c`daz` ma cflfhmrj cudra
0>
Kjht`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ah al kjtjr? - parhjs - ]uarc`s ma sagurf sagurfm`m m`m ma l` suspahsfóh.
=1 =1
Yjl`hta
1>
^arhjs ma l` t`p` mal sallj mal`htarj
09
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - sjpjrta
3>
- cjoëh ma gjk`
3>
- c`o` ma c`kdfjs
9>
- d`stfmjr ma fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cf óh
9>
- tuarc` cahtr`l
91
Aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjofhata fhtarkamfj
1>
C`squfllj mal cjofhata? - tuarc`s ma sagurfm`m
1=
- tjrhfllj cahtr`l ma uh` t`p` ma cjofhata
41
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. ]jrhfllj
09
Suspahsfóh maracb` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - sjpjrta
=1
- tuarc` ma fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cf óh
=1
- cjoëh ma gjk`
=>
- lfkft`mjr suparfjr
1>
Càrtar ma `cafta
06
Cjrra` maht`m`
2
Kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` pjla` tr`hskfsfóh pjr cjrra` maht`m`
4>
Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. C`squfllj ma rjm`kfahtj fhiarfjr dfal` c`daz`? - at`p` 0
4>
- at`p` 4
hgulj ma 7> ¾
C`squflljs ma cjofhata ma àrdjl ma lav`s? - at`p` 0
1
- at`p` 4
0>
Al dulóh ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s
0>
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` h`va ma uh` pjla` ` uh àrdjl ma lav`s ]jrhfllj
71
^arhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l ]`p`s ma c`daz` ma cflfhmrj cudra
04> 4>
]jrhflljs ma cul`t` Kjtjras ma 0.2 lftrjs? - at`p` 0 @iljoa cjkplat`kahta tjmjs ljs parhjs, luagj vualv` ` `prat`rljs?
9>
- at`p` 4
4>
- at`p` 3
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 3>> ¾
Kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs? - at`p` 0
31
- at`p` 4
7>
- at`p` 3
Àhgulj ma 09> ¾
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. ]jrhfllj
=1
]jrhflljss ma vjl`hta ]jrhfllj
1>
^arhjs ma l` t`p` mal sallj mal`htarj
09
Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh Al ast`mj mal kjtjr sa puama varfifc`r kfmfahmj l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs. Sf ast` cjkprjd`cfóh sa ra`lfz` cjh ragul`rfm`m, ahtjhcas puama s`dar ma `htak`hj al cjkfahzj mal masg`sta mal kjtjr, sfh aspar`r al kjkahtj ah qua al masg`sta sa k`hfifasta ah uh` d`o` aifcfahcf` mal kjtjr. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. C`lfahta 0. C`lfahta al kjtjr ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj, cjh l` d`tarë` cjkplat`kahta c`rg`m`. Mas`tjrhflla l`s duoë`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs cjhactjra c jhactjrass ma ljs fhyactjras ma ccjkdust jkdustfdla fdla mal sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla. fdla. 3. Ah 3. Ah al jrfifcfj ma l` duoë` mal prfkar cflfhmrj, fhst`la uh kamfmjr ma cjkprasfóh. =. Al `sfstahta Al `sfstahta mada prasfjh`r al pam`l mal `calar`mjr b`st` al tjpa y gfr`r al kjtjr cjh uh kjtjr ma `rr`hqua. Maspuæs ma `rr`hc`r al cfgüað`l uh` j mjs vualt`s, l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh mada `ukaht`r `l kàxfkj y luagj ast`dflfz`rsa. Tagfstra al kàxfkj rasult`mj jdtahfmj. 1. Mal 1. Mal kfskj kjmj cjkpruada ljs cflfhmrjs rast`htas. 9. L` 9. L` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah tjmjs ljs cflfhmrjs hj mada mfiarfr ah kàs ma mjs uhfm`mas. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` c`htfm`m ma cjkprasfóh mada `ukaht`r ràpfm`kahta ah uh kjtjr ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj5 Qh` d`o` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah al prfkar gfrj mal cfgüað`l, sagufm` ma uh `ukahtj gr`mu`l ma l` prasfóh ah ljs sfgufahtas gfrjs mal cfgüað`l, fhmfc` masg`sta ah ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh. L` d`o` prasfóh ah al prfkar gfrj mal cfgüað`l, qua `ukaht` lfgar`kahta kàs, fhmfc` uh` vàlvul` sualt`, uh` ouht` ma cul`t` parijr`m`, j uh` grfat` ah l` cul`t`. Ljs axtrakjs ma v`rfll` ma l` vàlvul` masg`st`mjs t`kdfæh puamah rasult`r ah uh` d`o` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh 7. ^augajt 7. ^augajt hj matarkfh` l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ax`ct`, parj sf l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflf cflfhmrjs hmrjs as fhiarfjr ` 0>, astj f hmfc` masg`sta ma mall kjtjr. 2. Sf 2. Sf l` prasfóh ah uh cflfhmrj as d`o`, ra`lfca l` sfgufahta pruad`. Yfart` uh pjcj ma `cafta mal kjtjr ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj mal t`póh ah al cflfhmrj y
varfifqua l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh. 6. Sf 6. Sf vartar `cafta ah al cflfhmrj `ukaht` l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh, fhmfc` qua ljs `hflljs mal cflfhmrj j mal pfstóh astàh masg`st`mjs. 0>. L` d`o` L` d`o` prasfóh ah mjs cflfhmrjs `my`cahtas fhmfc` l` quak` ma l` ouht` ahtra ljs cflfhmrjs.
00. 00. Sf Sf l` prasfóh ah uh cflfhmrj as 4>% kahjr qua ah al rastj y al kjtjr as fhast`dla cu`hmj astà `l r`lahtë, astj fhmfc` uh àrdjl ma lav`s masg`st`mj. 04. 04. Sf Sf l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh as mak`sf`mj `lt`, astj fhmfc` qua l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh astà cudfart` cjh uh` c`p` gruas` ma bjllëh. 03. 03. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma ast` varfifc`cfóh, ahrjsq ahrjsqua ua l`s duoë`s y cjhacta ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa ` all`s. Fhst`l`cfóh ma kac`hfskj ma tfakpj. Y`rfll`s ma ifo`cfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l (kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs) lftrjs) 0. D`rr`s ma dljquaj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s 4. D`rr`s ma dljquaj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l. Ljs jrfifcfjs sa utflfz`h p`r` dljqua`r al cfgüað`l y al àrdjl ma lav`s y avft`r qua ljs pfstjhas cjlfsfjhah cjh l` vàlvul` cu`hmj l` cjrra` maht`m` j l` cul`t` astàh ah su lug`r. L`s pjla`s sa ifo`h ahc`o`hmj ahc`o`hmj ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfahtas cjrraspjhmfahtas ah l js jrfifcfjs `lfha`mj `lfha`mjs. s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj y ratfra l` ruam` maracb`. =. ^`r` =. ^`r` `ccamar ` uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l, ratfra l` c`p` prjtactjr` mal `l`. Al cfgüað`l sa puama gfr`r sjlj ah l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh ma tr`d`oj.
Kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 1. Gfra 1. Gfra al cfgüað` cf güað`ll p`r` `lfha`r al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh al jrfifcfj ma l` cul`t`. Ljs jrfifcfjs sa `lfha`h cu`hmj al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s astà ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 2 ah puhtj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la uh` v`rfll` ma 2 kk ma mfàkatrj (fhmfc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) ah al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Ah asta c`sj, al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l mada ast`r cjhuh al mfàkatrj jrfifcfj malmadljqua kjtjr,p`r` ah al qua t`kdfæh fhsart`r uh``lfha`mj v`rfll` cjh 2 kk.malPufzàs fhst`l`r l` v`rfll`mada ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l tahmrà qua `prat`r al cfgüað`l.
7. Qh` 7. Qh` vaz qua l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l sa ifo` cjh uh` v`rfll`, fhst`la uh` v`rfll` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 6,1 kk ah al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
2. Al cfgüað`l Al cfgüað`l y al àrdjl ma lav`s `bjr` astàh ifojs ah uh` pjsfcfóh qua avft` qua gfrah. Kjmaljs cjh uh` c`p`cfm`m ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 6. Gfra 6. Gfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað` cfgüað`ll p`r` `lfha`r ljs jrfifcfjs ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfaht cjrras pjhmfahtas as ah l` cul`t`. Ljs jrfifcfjs astàh `lfha`mjs cu`hmj al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ma `mkfsfóh astà ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 1 ah puhtj, y al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ma asc`pa astà ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 7 ah puhtj cu`hmj sa va masma al l`mj maracbj mal kjtjr. 0>. 0>. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma `lfha`r ljs jrfifcfjs ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, fhsarta uh` v`rfll` j parhj cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 9 kk. Ah `lguhjs kjtjras, ljs mfàkatrjs ma ljs jrfifcfjs sa puamah c`kdf`r, pjr lj qua as hacas`rfj racjgar uh` v`rfll` ma t`l mfàkatrj qua sa `ousta ifrkakahta `l jrfifcfj. 00. 00. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma ifo`r al cfgüa cf güað`l ð`l cjh l` v`rfll`, `sagura l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh l`s v`rfll`s `prjpf`m`s (cjhsulta l` Ifg. Ifg. Ifg. Y`rfll`s ma ifo`cfóh mal aoa ma ifo`cfóh ma lav`s y l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l cfgüað`l (kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs) lftrjs) . 04. 04. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r l`s v`rfll`s, al cfgüað`l cfgüað`l y al àrdjl ma lav`s sa `sagur`h cjhtr` al gfrj. ]`p` ma cul`t` Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
Kjmaljs cjh uh` c`p`cfm`m ma kjtjr ma 0,9 lftrjs. lftrjs. 4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa ljs clfps ma l` k`hguar` y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra mal axtrakj irjht`l maracbj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`daz`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al tudj qua cjhact` al ifltrj ma `fra y l` c`daz` ma l` uhfm`m. ]`kdfæh qufta l` ahtr`m` mal l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`daz`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs mjs sjpjrtas, mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs udfc`mjs ah l` p`rta mal`htar` y ratfra l` cudfart` mal ifltrj. Tatfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l`s mfaz tuarc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l, `sagur`hmj l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` cudfart` ouhtj cjh l` ouht` ma gjk`. Fhspaccfjha l` ouht` pjr maiactjs y raakplàcal` sf as hacas`rfj.
Kjmaljs cjh kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla y l js fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj, udfc`mj ah al cahtrj ma l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. Mastjrhflla ljs safs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj b`cf` `rrfd`. 6. @iljoa 6. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma k`hguar` y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra mal l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj ma l` cudfart` irjht`l. 0>. 0>. Cjhsfstahtakahta, Cjhsfstahtakahta, ah aspfr`l, ma `iuar` b`cf` `mahtrj, `iljoa gr`mu`lkahta y luagj mas`tjrhflla y ratfra ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma c`m` cudfart`
ma l` c`daz`. c `daz`. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra l`s cudfart`s ma l` c`daz` ouhtj cjh l`s ouht`s. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ouht` ma gjk` ah l` r`hur` ma l` t`p` mal c`daz`l, `sagur`hmj su udfc`cfóh cjrract`. 4. Ahgr`sa 4. Ahgr`sa l` suparifcfa axtarfjr ma l` ouht`. 3. ]ahg` 3. ]ahg` cufm`mj ma vjlvar ` cjljc`r l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l p`r` qua l` ouht` ma l` cudfart` hj sa kuav`. =. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua qua l` ouht` astæ fhst`l`m` cjrract`kahta. Ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l, ah l` sacuahcf` aspacfifc`m`, `prfata l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`.
1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al alakahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra y su t`p`. Yualv` ` cjhact`r l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra y al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh. Cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Kjmaljs cjh kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` ouht` ma gjk` ah l` r`hur` ma l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l, `sagur`hmj su udfc`cfóh cjrract`. 7. ]ahfahmj 7. ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, fhst`la uh` cudfart` ma c`daz` p`r` hj maspl`z`r l` ouht` ma l` cudfart`. 2. Yarfifqua 2. Yarfifqua qua l` ouht` astæ fhst`l`m` cjrract`kahta. Ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l, ah l` sacuahcf` aspacfifc`m`, `prfata l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`.
6. Cjhacta 6. Cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra ` l` cudfart` irjht`l ma l` c`daz` y `sagÿral`s cjh clfps ma k`hguar`.
0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` djdfh` ma ahcahm ahcahmfmj fmj ahtra l`s ccudfart` udfart`ss ma l` c`daz` y `sagÿra `sagÿral` l` cjh lljs js parhjs. 00. 00. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` lëha` lë ha` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 04. 04. Cjhacta Cjhacta al c`dla hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m ma l`s cjhaxfjhas.
^jla` mal cfguað`l Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r.
4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` `sagur`r al cfgüað`l mal kjtjr cjhtr` gfrjs, al `sfstahta mada ahgr`h`r l` cu`rt` k`rcb` y prasfjh`r al irahj ma pfa cjkplat`kahta. Ah asta kjkahtj, `iljoa al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf sa ratfr` al kjtjr mal vabëculj, dljquaa al vjl`hta cjh al ratahamjr. Ah hfhgÿh c`sj, hj ifoa al cfgüað`l, utflfz`hmj al `guoarj ah l` pjla` p`r` fhst`l`r al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh.
3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla al parhj y ratfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf l` pjla` sa fhst`l` ah uh `ousta maslfz`hta ah al cfgüað`l cjh uh` ll`va j uh p`s`mjr, ratëraljs. Sf sa prasfjh` l` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l, quëtal` cjh uh axtr`ctjr. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal cfgüað`l. Fhst`la l` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l, `lfha`hmj l` r`hur` ah l` pjla` cjh l` ll`va ma sagkahtj. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l` rjsc` mal parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` y ludrëqual` cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (^augajt racjkfahm` us`r Ljctfta Irahat`hcba). 3. @tjrhflla 3. @tjrhflla ah uh parhj cjh uh` `r`hmal` ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la y `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r.
Cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m maht`m`` Alfkfh`cfóh ma ljs
kjtjras ma kjmalj ah vjlukah ma 0,9 lftrjs. lftrjs. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J C`rc`s` suparfjr suparfjr 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l`s k`hgu k`hguar`s ar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla ma ljs clf ps ma ll`` c`rc`s` suparfjr. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa udfc`mjs ah l` d`sa ma l` c`rc`s` y ratfra l` c`rc`s` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Cudfart` cahtr`l cahtr`l 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` c`o` cahtr`l udfc`m` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l` c`o`, kuav` l` c`o` b`cf` `rrfd` p`r` lfdar`rl` ma ljs mjs p`s`mjras udfc`mjs ah l` d`sa ma l` c`o` y ratëral` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. C`rc`s` fhiarfjr fhiarfjr =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` cudfart` cahtr`l. cahtr`l. 9. Mastjrhflla 9. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr y ratëraljs. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, puama sar hacas`rfj mas`tjrhfll`r al parhj qua suoat` al cjhouhtj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh y ratfr`rlj mal kjtjr p`r` pjmar quft`r l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
KJMALJS MA KJ]JT MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS. LF]TJS. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J C`rc`s` suparfjr suparfjr 0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs suparfjr a fhiarfjr ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` axtar axtarfjr fjr ssupar uparfjr fjr ` l` fhtarfjr. Tatfra Tatfra l` c`rc`s` suparfjr b`cf` `rrfd`. C`rc`s` fhiarfjr fhiarfjr 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` axtarfjr suparfjr. Mastjrhflla ljs tras tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa mal kjtjr. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, puama sar hacas`rfj mas`tjrhfll`r al parhj qua suoat` al cjhouhtj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh y ratfr`rlj mal kjtjr
p`r` pjmar quft`r l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. C`rc`s` fhtarfjr suparfjr suparfjr
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa ma l` tr`hskfsfóh mal kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh ma g`s. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s pjla`s ma `kdjs àrdjlas ma lav`s. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs safs tjrhfllj tjrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` c`rc`s` fhtarh` ` l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y ratfra l` c`rc`s` fh tarh` mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjrra` alfkfh`cfóh. Cjrra` maht`m` @mvartahcf` ^`r` tahs`r cjrract`kahta l` cjrra` maht`m`, mada utflfz`r uh` barr`kfaht` alactróhfc` aspacf`l (SAAK C0>1.1). Sf l` cjrra` astà tahs`m` sfh ast` barr`kfaht`, hj mada vf`o`r l`rg`s mfst`hcf`s y jpar`r al kjtjr ` `lt`s ravjlucfjhas. @ l` prfkar` jpjrtuhfm`m, `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ah l` ast`cfóh ^augajt. L` cjrra` maht`m` `ccfjh` al àrdjl ma lav`s y l` djkd` ma ahirf`kfahtj y as `ccfjh`m` pjr uh` pjla` udfc`m` ah al axtrakj mal`htarj mal cfgüað`l. Ah al c`sj ma uh` ruptur` ma l` cjrra` mur`hta al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr, ljs pfstjhas cjh l`s vàlvul`s puamah cjlfsfjh`r, lj qua puama c`us`r gr`vas m`ðjs `l kjtjr. Qh` cjrra` maht`m` mada raakpl`z`rsa maspuæs ma uh cfartj efljkatr`oa j `htas, sf al `cafta b` c`ëmj sjdra all` j sf b`y masg`sta frragul`r. Sf sa ratfr` l` cjrra` maht`m`, as hacas`rfj varfifc`r al ast`mj ma l` djkd` mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj y su ast`hquafm`m. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj y ratfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. Masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj mal gu`rm`d`rrjs. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. Mastjrhflla al parhj y ratfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj y ratfra l` cudfart` suparfjr ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 1. Gfra 1. Gfra al cfgüað`l p`r` `lfha`r ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah al aoa ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l y `sagÿraljs ah ast` pjsfcfóh cjh l`s v`rfll`s. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r mal cfgüað`l.
7. Tatfra 7. al cahtrj y l`sma cudfart`s ma ma l` cjrra` maht`m` fhiarfjr. ma l ` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. Qs`hmj l` ll`va cu`mr`m` `prjpf`m` 2. 2. Tatfra Иреоаьфб al tjrhfllj l` `t`mur` l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj fhst`l`m` ah al jrfifcfj mal cudj ma l` pjla`, gfra l` pjla` ah sahtfmj bjr`rfj y vualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma kjht`oa. 6. Sf 6. Sf sa rautflfz`rà l` tr`hskfsfóh pjr cjrra` maht`m`, pfht`r j k`rc`r cjh tfz` l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma l`s pjla`s.
@mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Maspuæs ma quft`r l` cjrra`, hj sa parkfta l` rjt`cfóh mal cfgüað`l. 0>. 0>. Fhspaccfjha Fhspaccfjha l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ah dusc` ma masg`sta masfgu`l, masl`kfh`cfóh j cjht`kfh`cfóh cjh `cafta. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` l` cjhmfcfóh ah l` d`sa ma ljs mfahtas ma l` cjrra`. Sf al kjtjr sa sjkata ` uh` ravfsfóh fkpjrt`hta, maspuæs ma b`car iuhcfjh`r l` cjrra` kàs ma 9>,>>> ek, raakpl`ca l` cjrra`, fhmapahmfahtakahta ma su cjhmfcfóh. Sf sa ahcuahtr`h r`strjs ma `cafta ah l` cjrra`, as hacas`rfj ahcjhtr`r l` iuahta ma l` iug` ma `cafta y rap`r`rl`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr cjh uh vjlukah ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 04. 04. Gfr`hmj Gfr`hmj al cfgüað`l, `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah al aoa ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l y `sagura l`s pjla`s cjh l`s v`rfll`s. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra l`s cudfart`s ma l` cjrra` maht`m` suparfjr axtarh` a fhiarfjr. 0=. 0=. ^`r` ^`r` `ccamar iàcflkahta ` l` cjrra` maht`m`, sf as hacas`rfj, mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs y ratfra al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj ma l`s `dr`z`mar`s y sjpjrtas. Cu`hmj mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras, `sagÿrasa ma atfquat`rljs p`r` uh` fhst`l`cfóh `macu`m` ah su udfc`cfóh jrfgfh`l. 01. 01. @pjya @pjya al kjtjr cjh uh g`tj y ratfra al sjpjrta mal kjtjr cjrractj. 09. 09. Jprfk` Jprfk` uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` r`k` tr`sar` ma uh` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh y gfra uh` pjla` ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo, utflfz`hmj l` ll`va cjrraspjhmfahta ma saccfóh cu`mr`m` ast`dlacfm` ah uh` h`va ma pjla`. Luagj vualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma kjht`oa. 07. 07. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua l`s v`rfll`s ma ifo`cfóh ma l`s pjla`s ma ljs àrdjlas ma lav`s astæh ah uh lug`r, luagj ratfra y varfif qua al ast`mj ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa y lfkpfa l`s pjla`s ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Cjkpruada t`kdfæh al ast`mj y l` lfdart`m ma rjt`cfóh ma l` pjla` tahsjr`. 4. Yarfifc`r 4. Yarfifc`r l` prasahcf` ma v`rfll`s ma dljquaj mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Cjljqua takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l a fhsarta l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh ah all` p`r` varfifc`r l` pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Ast`dlacar uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa, jdsarv`hmj l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh. @l fhst`l`r l` cjrra`, `sagÿrasa ma qua l` tahsfóh kàxfk` ma l` r`k` mal`htar` ma l` cjrra`, al p`hmaj ma l` cjrra` mada ast`r ah l` r`k` tr`sar`. Cjkpruada qua ljs mfahtas ma l` cjrra` maht`m` astæh cjrract`kahta kjht`mjs ah l`s pjla`s. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r y `prfata kjmar`m`kahta al parhj ma kjht`oa. Luagj fhst`la l` v`rfll` ma
ifo`cfóh. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf`
L` tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa sa ra`lfz` cjh l` c`rc`s` ratfr`m`. 1. 1. Иреоаьфб al tjrhfllj ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh. Cjh uh` ll`va cu`mr`m`, gfra l` pjla` ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` qua l` cjrra` quama tahs`m`. 9. Sf 9. Sf tfaha uh aqufpj ma kamfcfóh aspacf`l, fhstàlalj ah l` r`k` mal`htar` ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y ast`dlazc` l` tahsfóh fhfcf`l ma l` cjrra` ah 3> ° 4 uhfm`mas. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l`s v`rfll`s ma fhst`l`cfóh y gfra al cfgüað`l mjs vualt`s cjkplat`s cjkplat`s ah sahtfmj bjr`rfj. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l`s d`rr`s ma dljquaj. Sf l`s d`rr`s sa fhsart`h iàcflkahta, ahtjhcas al kac`hfskj ma sfhcrjhfz`cfóh astà fhst`l`mj cjrract`kahta. Tatfra l`s v`rfll`s ma dljquaj. 2. Sf 2. Sf l`s v`rfll`s ma ifo`cfóh ma l` pjla` hj astàh fhst`l`m`s ah al jrfifcfj, mada quft`r l` cjrra` y `lfha`r ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa. 6. Sf 6. Sf l` cjrra` astà tahs`m` sfh barr`kfaht`s aspacf`las, puama varfifc`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` `plfc`hmj uh` iuarz` kjmar`m` mal pulg`r ah al cahtrj ma l` r`k` irjht`l ma l` cjrra` y gfr`hmj l` cjrra` 6> ¾. Sf l` cjrra` astà tahs`m` sfh ast` barr`kfaht`, hj mada vf`o`r l`rg`s mfst`hcf`s y jpar`r al kjtjr ` `lt`s ravjlucfjhas. @ l` prfkar` jpjrtuhfm`m, `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ah l` ast`cfóh ^augajt. 0>. 0>. Cu`hmj Cu`hmj utflfca barr`kfaht`s ma kamfcfóh aspacf`las, gfra al cfgüað`l mjs vualt`s, fhst`la l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj mal cfgüað`l y varfifqua l` tahsfóh ma l` r`k` mal`htar` ma l` cjrra`, qua mada sar ma == ° 4 uhfm`mas. 00. 00. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma uh` tahsfóh ax`ct` ma l` cjrra`, ratfra l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj mal àrdjl ma lav`s, luagj ratfra l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r mal cfgüað`l a fhst`la l`s cudfart`s. 04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` `uxflf`r ah al cfgüað`l, ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s mal parhj cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj y `prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r y l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 0=. 0=. Fhst`la Fhst`la al gu`rm`d`rrjs y l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. D`o` al cjcba. 01. 01. Cjhacta Cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr cjh uh vjlukah ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 09. 09. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada y lfkpfa l`s pjla`s ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. Cjkpruada t`kdfæh al ast`mj y l` lfdart`m ma rjt`cfóh ma l` pjla` tahsjr`. 07. 07. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua al hÿclaj ma `ousta astæ ah uh` pjla` ma àrdjl ma lav`s. Fhst`la takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l a fhsarta l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj ah all`, lj qua g`r`htfz` l` cjrract` fhst`l`cfóh mal cfgüað`l. 02. 02. Tatfra Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Fhst`la l` cjrra` maht`m` ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, jdsarv`hmj l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` fhiarfjr y l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` `uxflf`r ah al cfgüað` cfgüað`l. l. 4>. 4>. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 40. 40. Sfh Sfh quft`r l`s d`rr`s ma dljquaj, `iljoa ljs safs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Cjkpruada qua `kd`s pjla`s gfrah lfdrakahta mahtrj ma lëkftas astracbjs.
44. 44. @prfata @prfata ljs safs parhjs ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Luagj masahrjsc`rljs 9> ¾ c`m` uhj. 43. 43. Gfra Gfra c`m` pjla` ah sahtfmj bjr`rfj y `prfata ljs parhjs `mfcfjh`las. 4=. 4=. @prfata @prfata l` cjrra` maht`m` mal`htar` ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l ` tr`væs ma l` pjla` ljc` y sjdra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s mal cjhtrjl ma l` vàlvul` ma `mkfsfóh.
41. 41. ]ahs`hmj ]ahs`hmj l` r`k` mal`htar` ma l` cjrra`, fhstàlal` ah l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma asc`pa. 49. 49. ]ahs`hmj ]ahs`hmj l` cjrra`, fhstàlal` ah l` pjla` tr`sar` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y `lramamjr ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. 47. 47. ]ahs`r ]ahs`r l` cjrra` maht`m`. 42. 42. Ah Ah prasahcf` ma uh aqufpj ma kamfcfóh aspacf`l, fhstàlalj ah l` r`k` irjht`l ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Gfra l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj cjhtr`rf j ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo, `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ` =1 uhfm`mas y `prfata al parhj mal kac`hfskj kac`hfs kj ma tahsfóh. 46. 46. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s y cjkpruada qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs ah l`s pjla`s hj astæh ah l` pjsfcfóh axtrak` cjh raspactj ` ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh. Sf tjmj as s`tfsi`ctjrfj, masahrjsqua ljs mjs parhjs `mfcfjh`las y `prfata ljs safs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`. 3>. 3>. Tatfra Tatfra l`s d`rr`s ma fhst`l`cfóh, gfra al cfgüað`l ah al saht s ahtfmj fmj ma l `s `guo`s mal raljo mjs vualt`s cjkplat`s cjkplat`s a ffhst`la hst`la l` d d`rr` `rr` ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. @iljoa ljs safs parhjs mal àrdjl ma lav`s, vualv` ` `prat`rljs y mas`tjrhflla 9> ¾. 30. 30. Fhst`la Fhst`la l`s d`rr`s ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Luagj `iljoa al parhj ma l` pjla` tahsjr`. Fhst`la al aqufpj ma kamfcfóh ah l` r`k` irjht`l ma l` cjrra` y gfra l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh b`st` qua l` tahsfóh pravf` ma l` cjrra` astæ cjhifgur`m` ah 49 uhfm`mas. @prat`r al parhj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. 34. 34. Yualv` Yualv` ` `prat`r ljs safs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh l` iuarz` raquarfm`. 33. 33. Tatfra l`s d`rr`s ma dljquaj, gfra al cfgüað`l ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo mjs vualt`s cjkplat`s a fhst`la l` d`rr` ma dljquaj ah l` pjla` mal Tatfra cfgüað`l. 3=. 3=. @iljoa @iljoa ljs safs parhjs mal àrdjl ma lav`s, vualv` ` `prat`rljs y mas`tjrhflla 9> ¾. 31. 31. Fhst`la Fhst`la ljs p`s`mjras ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Luagj `iljoa al parhj ma l` pjla` tahsjr`. Fhst`la al aqufpj ma kamfcfóh ah l` r`k` irjht`l ma l` cjrra` y gfra l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh b`st` qua l` tahsfóh ifh`l ma l` cjrra` sa ifoa ah 34-=> uhfm`mas. @prat`r al parhj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. 39. 39. Yualv` Yualv` ` `prat`r ljs safs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s ` l` iuarz` raquarfm`. 37. 37. Sf Sf l` cjrra` astà tahs`m` sfh uh aqufpj ma kamfcfóh aspacf`l, gfra l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` b`cf` l` fzqufarm` b`st` qua l` r`k` tr`sar` ma l` cjrra` sa buhm` y, ah ast` pjsfcfóh, `prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. 32. 32. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s y varfifqua qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs ah l`s pjla`s hj astæh ah l` pjsfcfóh axtrak` cjh raspactj ` ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh. Sf tjmj as s`tfsi`ctjrfj, masahrjsqua ljs mjs parhjs `mfcfjh`las y `prfata ljs safs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`. 36. 36. Tatfra Tatfra l`s v`rfll`s ma fhst`l`cfóh, gfra al cfgüað`l ah al sahtfmj ma ll`s `s `guo`s mal raljo mjs vualt`s cjkplat cjkplat`s `s a ffhst`la hst`la l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. =>. =>. @iljoa @iljoa ljs safs parhjs mal àrdjl ma lav`s, vualv` ` `prat`rljs y mastjrhflla 9> ¾. =0. =0. Fhst`la Fhst`la l`s v`rfll`s ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Gfra l` pjla` mal tahsjr ma kjmj qua, `plfc`hmj uh` iuarz` kjmar`m`, l` cjrra` puam` gfr`rsa =1 ¾ ah l` p`rta kamf` ahtra l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s qua cjhtrjl`h l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh y l` pjla` ljc` y `prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa mal tahsjr. =4. =4. Yualv` Yualv` ` `prat`r ljs safs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s ` l` iuarz` raquarfm`. =3. =3. Fhst`la Fhst`la l`s cudfart`s ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`.
]ahsjr ma cjrra` maht`m` y pjla`s. Axtr`ccfóh ma l`
pjla` mal àrdjl àrdjl ma lav` lav`ss TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah al aoa ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l cjh ljs jrfifcfjs mal kjtjr y `sagura l`s pjla`s cjh v`rfll`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. =. @iljoa =. @iljoa l` pjla` mal tahsjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m` gfr`hmj l` pjla` cjh l` ll`va cu`mr`m` `prjpf`m` fhst`l`m` ah al cahtrj ma l` pjla` ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo y vualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` d`rr` ma dljquaj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s. ^`r` avft`r qua al àrdjl ma lav`s gfra `l mas`tjrhfll`r al parhj, as hacas`rfj ifo`r l` pjla` p`r` qua hj gfra cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l`s cudfart` c udfart`ss ma l` cjrra` maht`m` suparfjr a fhiarfjr. 6. Sf 6. Sf as hacas`rfj, ma maslfca slfca al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj. 0>. 0>. Sjstahg` Sjstahg` al kjtjr cjh uh g`tj y ratfra al sjpjrta mal kjtjr maracbj. 00. 00. @iljoa @iljoa al parhj ma kjht`oa mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` r`k` tr`sar` ma l` cjrra`, p`r` lj cu`l gfra l` pjla` ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo. 04. 04. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua l`s v`rfll`s ma fhst`l`cfóh `ÿh astàh ah al jrfifcfj ma l`s pjla`s. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 03. 03. Sf Sf l`s pjla`s sa ratfr`h sfh ljs cudjs, masahrjsqua ljs tras parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` pjla`. 0=. 0=. Sf Sf l`s pjla`s sa ratfr`h cjh ljs cudjs, mas`tjrhflla al parhj cahtr`l mal cudj. ^`r` avft`r qua l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s gfra, mada utflfz`r uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. 01. 01. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` y ratfra l` pjla` mal cudj. Mastjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal cudj y ratfra al cudj. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua ljs cjhcahtr`mjras astàh k`rc`mjs p`r` su fmahtfifc`cfóh cjh uh hÿkarj ah al irahta. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs, al duoa mal àrdjl ma lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh astà k`rc`mj cjkj "0", y al duoa mal àrdjl ma lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma asc`pa astà
Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs, al cudj mal àrdjl ma lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh astà k`rc`mj cjh “3‛, y al k`rc`mj cjkj aoa mal àrdjl ma"4". lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma asc`pa astà k`rc`mj cjh “=‛.
^JLA@S MA CFGÜAÐ@L CFGÜAÐ@L
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah al aoa ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l cfgüað`l cjh ljs jrfifcfjs mal kjtjr y `sagura l`s pjla`s cjh v`rfll`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s cudfart` c udfart`ss ma l`s cjrra`s maht`m`s suparfjr, cahtr`l a fhiarfjr. =. =. Иреоаьфб uh parhj ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh, gfra l` pjla` b`cf` l` m aracb` y `prfata al parhj ma l` `t`mur`. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l y ratfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Tatfra t`kdfæh l` ll`va ma sagkahtj mal cfgüað`l. 9. Yarfifqua 9. Yarfifqua qua al sallj mal cfgüað`l hj tahg` iug`s y, sf as hacas`rfj, càkdfalj. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l`s cudfart` c udfart`ss ma l` cjrra` maht`m` suparfjr a fhiarfjr. 2. Sf 2. Sf as hacas`rfj, ma maslfca slfca al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj. 6. Suoata 6. Suoata al kjtjr cjh uh g`tj y ratfra al sjpjrta mal kjtjr maracbj. 0>. 0>. Jprfk` Jprfk` uh tjrhfllj ma suoacfóh mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` r`k` pjstarfjr ma uh` cjrra` p`r` lj qua gfra uh` pjla` ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo. 00. 00. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r qua l`s v`rfll`s ma `ousta astàh ast`dlacfm`s ah pjla`s ma àrdjlas ma lav`s. Tatfra l` cjrra` maht`m` ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, luagj ratfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l ouhtj cjh l` ll`va. 04. 04. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua al sallj mal cfgüað`l hj tahg` iug`s y, sf as hacas`rfj, càkdfalj. ]AHSFJH MAL KAC@HFSKJ MA L@ ^JLA@ V ^JLA@S MA C@^@ C@^@ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah al aoa ma lav`s y l`s pjla`s mal cfgüað`l cfgüað`l cjh ljs jrfifcfjs mal kjtjr y `sagura l`s pjla`s cjh v`rfll`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` p`rta suparfjr y, sf as hacas`rfj, l`s c`rc`s`s cahtr`las ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh y ratfra uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s pfaz`s mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y, sf as hacas`rfj, sustftÿy`l`s. Kjmaljs ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s cudfart` c udfart`ss ma l` cjrra` maht`m` suparfjr a fhiarfjr. 9. Sf 9. Sf as hacas`rfj, kuav` al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj p`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj `l kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. 7. Suoata 7. Suoata al kjtjr cjh uh g`tj y ratfra al sjpjrta mal kjtjr cjrractj.
2. Jprfk` 2. Jprfk` uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` r`k` tr`sar` ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa y, utflfz`hmj uh` ll`va cu`mr`m` fhst`l`m` ah uh` c`o` ma pjla`, gfra uh` pjla` ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo y vualv` ` `prat`r uh parhj ma suoacfóh. 6. Cjkpruada 6. Cjkpruada qua l`s d`rr`s ma dljquaj astæh ah ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ratfra l` cjrra` maht`m` ma l`s pjla`s. 0>. 0>. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh y l` pjla` ljc` y ratëraljs. Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa tjm`s l`s pjla`s y cjkpruada sf b`y sfghjs ma masg`sta. 4. @l 4. @l lfkpf`r l`s pjla`s ma tahsfóh, hj sa puamah us`r mfsjlvahtas qua puam`h ahtr`r ah ljs rjm`kfahtjs ma l` pjla` y m`ð`rljs. L`s pjla`s madah gfr`r iàcflkahta, sfh `t`sc`rsa y oug`r. Fhst`l`cfóh ma ^QLLAVS MA L@ C@K^@Ð@ C@K^@Ð@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` guë` ma `lfha`cfóh ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` pjla`. Fhst`la l` pjla` ah al àrdjl ma lav`s ma k`har` qua al puhtj ma `lfha`cfóh quama `lfha`mj cjh al àrdjl ma lav`s. 4. @prfata 4. @prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`. ^`r` ifo`r l` pjla` cjhtr` gfrjs, usa uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l p`r` ifo`r l` pjla`. 3. @lfhaa 3. @lfhaa al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh al jrfifcfj ma l` c`daz` a fhst`la l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj. Cjkpruada qua l` d`rr` ma `ousta t`kdfæh dljquaa l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. =. Ast`dlacar =. Ast`dlacar uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 1. @prfata 1. @prfata l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 7. Sf 7. Sf sa ratfr`rj ratfr`rjh h l`s pjla` pjla`ss y l js cudjs, fhst`la al cudj ah al àrdjl ma lav`s ma `cuarmj cjh l` k`rc` ma fmaht fmahtfifc`cfóh fifc`cfóh mal cu cudj. dj. 2. @tjrhfll`r 2. @tjrhfll`r ah uh tjrhfllj ma suoacfóh ma uh` h`va al kjkahtj axfgfmj. Fhst`la takpjr`lkahta l`s pjla`s ah al cudj. 6. Gfra 6. Gfra al cudj p`r` qua puam` fhst`l`r l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj ah al jrfifcfj ma l` pjla` ma l` cul`t`.
0>. 0>. Sf Sf sjlj sa quft`rjh quft`rjh l`s pjla` pjla`s, s, fhstàlal`s y `oÿstal`s cjh tras tjrhfllj tjrhflljs. s. 00. 00. Fhst`l`r Fhst`l`r y tahs`r l` cjrra` maht`m`.
^JLA@S MA CFGÜAÐ@L CFGÜAÐ@L TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ouht` y l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal cfgüað`l. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, `lfha`hmj l` r`hur` ma l` pjla` cjh l` ll`va ma sagkahtj. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada qua l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh `ÿh dljquaa l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Cjljqua takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` `uxflf`r ah al cfgüað`l a fhsarta l` v`rfll` ma `ousta ` tr`væs ma all` p`r` varfifc`r l` pjsfcfóh cjrract` mal cfgüað cf güað`l. `l. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` `uxflf`r mal cfgüað`l. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma `gu` y l` pjla` tahsjr`. 1. @prfata 1. @prfata l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la l` pjla` ma l` cjrra` `uxflf`r ah al cfgüað`l. Cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal cfgüað`l. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, `lfha`hmj l` r`hur` ma l` pjla` cjh l` ll`va ma sagkahtj. 0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la y `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. ]AHSFJH MAL KAC@HFSKJ MA L@ ^JLA@ V ^JLA@S MA C@^@ C@^@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Ast`dlazc` 0. Ast`dlazc` uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y `tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh, sfh `prat`rlj. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua l` r`k` mal`htar` ma l` cjrra` astæ tahs`m`. Gfra l` pjla` tahsjr` b`cf` l` fzqufarm` p`r` salaccfjh`r tjmj al asp`cfj ahtra l` pjla` y l` cjrra` maht`m`. 3. @ousta 3. @ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la ljs prjtact prjtactjras jras ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l`s pjla`s tahsjr` tahsjr`ss y tahs`s y `oÿstal`s cjh parhjs. 9. Ast`dlacar 9. Ast`dlacar uh` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh y `oust`r su tahsfóh.
Taakpl`zj ma l` ouht` tórfc` mal àrdjl ma lav`s @mvartahcf`
@l raakpl`z`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` cjrra` maht`m` mada prjtagarsa ma l` ahtr`m` ma `cafta. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` (s) pjla` (s) mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, qufta l`s pjla`s y ljs cudjs ma l`s pjla`s. 4. ]`l`mra 4. ]`l`mra mjs `guoarjs ah al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah `kdjs l`mjs. @tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas ah al jrfifcfj y s`qua al `hfllj pjr l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs cjh uhjs `lfc`tas. 3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj y raakpl`ca al `hfllj utflfz`hmj al k`hmrfl tudul`r `prjpf`mj. @l fhst`l`r al `hfllj, prasta `tahcfóh ` l` udfc`cfóh cjrract` ma ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj, qua madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` `mahtrj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Àrdjl ma lav`s y t`ppats t`ppats Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al ahcbuia hag`tfvj mal `cukul`mjr y mast`pa uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj suparfjr ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` c`rc`s` mal tarkjst`tj ah al axtrakj fzqufarmj mal`htarj ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 1. ]ahfahmj 1. ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra uh tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta ah l`s cudfart`s suparfjras ma ljs cjofhatas ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s. ^rasta `tahcfóh ` l`s ouht`s tórfc`s fhst`l`m`s ah c`m` cjhaxfóh ma tudarë`.
9. L`s t`p`s L`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s astàh hukar`m`s mal 0 `l 1, cjh l` t`p` h. ¾ 0 udfc`m` ah al l`mj ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Sf l`s pjrt`m`s hj astàh hukar`m`s, hukær`l`s. ]`kdfæh tahg` ah cuaht` l` pjsfcfóh ma c`m` cudfart`.
7. @iljoa 7. @iljoa ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l l`s tuarc`s ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. ]`h prjhtj cjkj l` prasfóh mal rasjrta ma l` vàlvul` sa matahg`, masahrjsqua cjkplat`kahta l`s tuarc`s.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra uh àrdjl ma lav`s ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y uh `hfllj ma sall`mj ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s.
0>. 0>. Qs`hmj Qs`hmj uh` vahtjs` ma gjk`, ratfra ljs akpuo`mjras y cjlóqualjs ah uh racfpfahta `macu`mj p`r` qua puam`h fhst`l`rsa ah sus lug`ras maspuæs mal ahs`kdl`oa. Sf as hacas`rfj, puama quft`r l` cuð` ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` y `lk`cah`rl` cjh al akpuo`mjr `macu`mj. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra l`s mjs t`p`s ma cul`t`. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra `kd`s pjla`s ma ljs àrdjlas ma lav`s ouhtj cjh l`s h`vas, y t`kdfæh uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m` fhtarfjr suparfjr. 0=. 0=. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l ljs mjca parhjs ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s ` l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj. Tatfra ljs parhjs y ratfra l`s c`rc`s`s ma ljs l js rjm`kfahtjs. 01. 01. Cjkj Cjkj `kdjs àrdjlas ma lav`s sjh fmæhtfcjs, as hacas`rfj tahar ah cuaht` qua al àrdjl ma lav`s cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh y al àrdjl ma
lav`s qua cjhtrjl` l`s vàlvul`s ma asc`pa `htas ma axtr`ar axtr`arl`s. l`s. 09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra ljs àrdjlas ma lav`s y ratfra ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj ma ljs àrdjlas ma lav`s. 07. 07. Cjh Cjh uh` vahtjs` ma gjk`, ratfra ljs akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs y cjlóqualjs ah uh racfpfahta `prjpf`mj p`r` qua puam`h fhst`l`rsa ah sus lug`ras maspuæs mal ahs`kdl`oa.
Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s y al masg`sta ma l`s lav`s. Sf b`y `lgÿh masg`sta ah al àrdjl ma lav`s, mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` cul`t`. Sf l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs astàh masg`st`m`s, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r l` cul`t`. 4. Yarfifc`r 4. Yarfifc`r al ast`mj ma ljs t`quæs. Sf ljs sagufmjras ma l` lav` tfahah masg`sta ma l` lav` mal àrdjl ma lav`s, al ækdjlj mada sar raakpl`z`mj (pjsfdlakahta cjh al àrdjl ma lav`s). Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la cuð`s ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`. Hj c`kdfa l`s cuð`s ah hfhgÿh c`sj, y` qua astj cjhmucfrà ` uh` vfjl`cfóh ma l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`. 4. Ahgr`sa 4. Ahgr`sa ljs akpuo`mjras cjh `cafta ma kjtjr y ast`dlazc` uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y ljs akpuo`mjras madah cjljc`rsa ah ljs lug`ras `htarfjras. 3. Ludrfqua 3. Ludrfqua l`s lav`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr, luagj fhst`la al àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` cul`t`. Cjljqua takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` ah al àrdjl ma lav`s y `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah l` pjla` cjh al jrfifcfj ah l` cul`t`. Cjkpruada qua l` v`rfll` ma `ousta dljquaa l` pjla` mal vjl`hta. =. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada qua l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas astæh dfah lfkpf`s. Fhst`la l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas us`hmj k`rc`s bacb`s pravf`kahta. 1. Ma k`har` uhfijrka k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l (c`m` vaz qua mur`hta 0 vualt`), `prfata l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s b`st` qua tjquah l` cul`t`. Luagj, ah aspfr`l, `prfata tjm`s l`s tuarc`s cjh l` iuarz` raquarfm`. 9. Tavfsa 9. Tavfsa l`s cjhaxfjhas mal tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta ` ljs cjofhatas cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s, `së cjkj l`s ouht`s tórfc`s p`r` var sf astàh masg`st`m`s masg`st`m`s y raakplàcal`s sf as hacas`rfj. Ludrfqua l`s ouht`s tórfc`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr y, tahfahmj cufm`mj, fhst`la l` tudarë`. 7. Yarfifqua 7. Yarfifqua l` cjhmfc c jhmfcfóh fóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y raakp raakplàcalj làcalj sf as hacas`rfj. Fhst`la al parhj ma kjht`o kjht`oaa suparfjr ah l` c`o` mal tarkjst` tarkjst`tj tj y `prfæt `prfætalj alj `l p`r raquarfmj. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s y uh` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 0>. 0>. Tavfsa Tavfsa l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s. 00. 00. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` uh` cudfart` ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y cjhacta al ahcbuia hag`tfvj `l `cukul`mjr. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs.
04. 04. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta ljs `ljo`kfahtjs mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 03. 03. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs cjh `cafta ma kjtjr y vualv` ` fhst`l`rljs. Cjkpruada qua c`m` sagufmjr gfra lfdrakahta ah al `guoarj. 0=. 0=. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs cjofhatas y al àrdjl ma lav`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr a fhst`la ljs àrdjlas ma lav`s ah l` cjrjh` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`? - Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs? l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ma asc`pa mada ast`r ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 04 ah puhtj y l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s
ma `mkfsfóh mada ast`r ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 00 ah puhtj5 - Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs? l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ma asc`pa mada ast`r ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 3 ah puhtj, y l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ma `mkfsfóh mada ast`r ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s 00 ah puhtj. 01. 01. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh ah su lug`r, as macfr, Ah c`m` asqufh` ma l` cul`t`. 09. 09. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua al asp`cfj mad`oj ma l` ouht` y ljs jrfifcfjs p`r` ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa cjh gr`s` ma sflfcjh`. 07. 07. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr a fhst`la ljs `ljo`kfahtj `ljo`kfahtjss ma lljs js cjofhatas ah ljs àrdjla àrdjlass ma lav`s. Fhst`la ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa. 02. 02. Ma Ma k`har` cjhsfstahta y gr`mu`l, ah uh cfartj jrmah, `prfata ljs parhjs ma l` c`o` ma cjofhatas ah mjs at`p`s.
06. 06. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` l` c`rc`s` fhtarh` suparfjr ma uh` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. 4>. 4>. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh. 40. 40. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 44. 44. Fhst`la Fhst`la l`s huav`s ouht`s tórfc`s, ljs cudjs y l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Cjhtrjl y `ousta ma bjlgur`s ma vàlvul`s ma kjtjras ma 0,9 lftrjs. Càlculj mal aspasjr mal `ousta ma l` vàlvul`. vàlvul`.
F. Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m` 3. Ouagj hjrk`l A. Yàlvul` ma s`lfm` =. Aspasjr ma l` c`lz` fhst`l`m` 0. Ouagj kamfmj 1. Aspasjr c`lcul`mj ma l` c`lz` huav` 4. Mfiarahcf` ahtra 0 y 3 Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua al `ousta ma l`s vàlvul`s mada b`carsa maspuæs ma l` `p`rfcfóh ma vàlvul`s ma gjlpa, ravfsfóh mal kjtjr j cu`hmj sa ramuca l` pjtahcf` mal kjtjr. Cjkprjd`r y `oust`r ah uh kjtjr irëj. 4. @prfata 4. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj, lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y ratfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma `l` ma plàstfcj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. =. Gfra =. Gfra al cfgüað`l cjh al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` pjla` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astæh `lfha`mjs y dljquaa l` pjla` cjh l` v`rfll` v `rfll` ma `ousta. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 9. Mfduoa 9. Mfduoa uh mf`gr`k` mal kjtjr y hukara ljs cflfhmrjs mal 0 `l =. Al cflfhmrj Hj. 0 astà ah al l`mj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Ah c`m` cflfhmrj, mfduoa l`s vàlvul`s ma ahtr`m` y s`lfm` (cjhsulta l` Ifg. Ifg. C`lcula al grjsjr ma l` vàlvul` ma cuð` cuð` ). Sjdra c`m` cflfhmrj, ah l` ifgur`, mfduo` mjs lëha`s
bjrfzjht`las. Ah l` lëha` # 0, ragfstra l` bjlgur` ra`l ma tjm`s l`s vàlvul`s, y ah l` lëha` # 4, al v`ljr ma cuàhtj sa hacasft` c`kdf`r l` bjlgur` p`r` jdtahar l` bjlgur` raquarfm`. 7. Gfra 7. Gfra al cfgüað`l b`st` qua l` vàlvul` ma ahtr`m` mal cflfhmrj 0 astæ cjkplat`kahta carr`m`, as macfr, L` lav` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ah ast` vàlvul` mada ast`r b`cf` `rrfd`.
2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj l` v`rfll` kamfmjr`, kfm` al asp`cfj ahtra l` d`sa ma l` lav` y al akpuo`mjr. Tagfstra l` bjlgur` ra`l ah l` lëha` 0, jpuast` ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta.
6. Tapft` 6. Tapft` l` kamfcfóh p`r` l`s sfata vàlvul`s rast`htas, gfr`hmj al cfgüað`l sagÿh sa` hacas`rfj p`r` qua l` lav` ma l` vàlvul` qua sa astà prjd`hmj `puhta b`cf` `rrfd`. 0>. 0>. C`lcula C`lcula l` mfiarahcf` ahtra l` `utjrfz`cfóh ra`l y l` raquarfm` y `hótal` ah l` lëha` 4. 00. 00. Sf Sf tjmjs ljs buacjs astàh mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas raquarfmjs, fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cul`t`, fhst`la uh` cudfart cudfart`` ma plàstfcj plàstfc j mad`oj mal `l`, fhst`la l` ruam` y d`oa al `utjkóv `utjkóvfl. fl. 04. 04. Sf Sf al asp`cfj ra`l hj as cjrractj, sa madah b`car `oustas. @ousta @ousta TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al àrdjl ma lav`s.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al prfkar akpuo`mjr ma l` c`daz` y ratfra l` cuð` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` vàlvul`. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta al c`lca y kfm` su grjsjr cjh uh kfcrókatrj. L`s c`lz`s sualah ast`r k`rc`m`s, parj su grjsjr puama ramucfrsa madfmj `l masg`sta. 3. Taifrfæhmjsa 3. Taifrfæhmjsa `l mf`gr`k` ma ast`mj ma l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul` (var Ifg. Ifg. Càlculj mal grjsjr ma l` cuð` ma l` vàlvul` vàlvul` ), as hacas`rfj matarkfh`r al grjsjr ma l` cuð` huav`. Sf l` bjlgur` ra`l ma l` vàlvul` as k`yjr qua l` raquarfm`, al grjsjr ma l` cuð` mada fhcrakaht`rsa ah l` c`htfm`m ragfstr`m` ah l` lëha` 4, jpuast` ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta. Sf al asp`cfj lfdra ra`l ma l` vàlvul` ar` kahjr qua al raquarfmj, al grjsjr ma l` cuð` mada ramucfrsa ah l` c`htfm`m ragfstr`m` ah l` lëha` 4, jpuast` ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta.
=. Ah =. Ah l` al ifgur`, mfduoa tras lëha`s bjrfzjht`las mad`oj ma c`m` vàlvul` (cjhsulta Càlculj mal grjsjrasmaall`grjsjr cuð` ma vàlvul` ). Ah l` lëha` =, ragfstra aspasjr kamfmj ma l` cuð`, luagj suka j rasta al v`ljr ragfstr`mj ahl`l`ifg. lëha` 4. Al rasult`mj ma l` l` vàlvul` ouht` qua mada `oust`rsa p`r` jdtahar al asp`cfj óptfkj ma l` vàlvul`, qua mada ragfstr`rsa ah l` lëha` 1. 1. Al 1. Al grjsjr ma l`s c`lz`s astà ah al r`hgj ma 4.44 ` 3.11> kk cjh uh p`sj ma >.>41 kk.
9. Tapft` 9. Tapft` al prjcamfkfahtj p`r` salaccfjh`r uh` huav` pl`c` ma `ousta p`r` l`s vàlvul`s rast`htas. 7. @l 7. @l fhst`l`r uh` huav` ouht`, fhst`la su k`rc` b`cf` `d`oj. Ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` cuð`, fhst`la ljs akpuo`mjras. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la al àrdjl ma lav`s y vualv` ` kamfr l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`. 6. Ah 6. Ah kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, ljs t`quæs bfmràulfcjs sa utflfz`h cjh al `ousta `utjkàtfcj mal ouagj ma vàlvul`s. Cul`t` Sacuahcf` ma `prfata ma ljs tjrhflljs ma cul`t`. cul`t`.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Y`cf`r 4. Y`cf`r al rairfgar`hta. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` tr`hskfsfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma fhst`l`cfóh sa `lfhaah y dljquaah ah ast` pjsfcfóh cjh l`s v`rfll`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 9. L` sfgufahta L` sfgufahta as uh` mascrfpcfóh ma cókj quft`r l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj mal kjtjr sfh quft`r ljs cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y ma asc`pa ma l` c`daz`. Mascjhacta al tudj ma asc`pa mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. Sf tfaha uh` sjhm` l`kdm`, ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. 7. Ta`lfca 7. Ta`lfca ljs sfgufaht sf gufahtas as p`sjs? - Masprasurfca al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj. ]`pa ljs axtrakjs ma
l`s k`hguar`s - ratfra al c`dla c cjh `dlat`pjhas5 mal `calar`mjr5 - mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma l` c`rc`s` mal astr`hgul`mjr5 - ratfra ljs cjhactjra cjhactjrass alæctrfcjs ma ljs fhyactjra fhyactjrass ma cjkdustfd cjkdustfdla la y lfdara l fdara l` iuhm` m maa ljs cc`dlas `dlas mal cjlactjr.
2. @iljoa 2. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma rairfgar`hta ma l` c`rc`s` mal tarkjst`tj (ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`). 6. Sualta 6. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma ljs sahsjras qua astàh `tjrhfll`mjs ah l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj j ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. 0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh ma uh tudj p`r` kamfr al hfval ma `cafta mal kjtjr ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj ma uh` c`daz` y ratfra uh tudj. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. Sf sa ratfr` l` c`daz` p`r` rap`r`cfjhas fkpjrt`htas, ratfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj y ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa. Sf as hacas`rfj, k`rqua ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa p`r` uh` rafhst`l`cfóh `macu`m`. 04. 04. Sualta Sualta al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y ratfra l` cjrra` maht`m` ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra al cjhouhtj mal ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma `mkfsfóh. 0=. 0=. Tatfra Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. 09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra al tudj ma asc`pa mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. Sf tfaha uh` sjhm` l`kdm`, ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra l` k`hguar` mal r`mf`mjr. 02. 02. Tatfra Tatfra k`hguar` k`hguar`ss ma rast`htas ljsl`cjhactjra cjhactjras s alæctrfcjs ma l` cul`t`.maht`m` ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 06. 06. Sualta Sualta l`s al kac`hfskj tahsfóhyma cjrra` maht`m` y ratfra l` cjrra` ]jmjs ljs kjmaljs kjmaljs 4>. 4>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla gr`mu`l y uhfijrkakahta ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` cul`t` ah al jrmah fhvarsj, cjh raspactj ` l` ral`cfóh kjstr`m` ah l` ifg. ifg. Sacuahcf` ma `prfata ma ljs tjrhflljs ma cul`t` .Tatfra ljs parhjs, jdsarv`hmj l` udfc`cfóh cjrract` ma l` ouht`, qua astà jrfaht`m` ` lj l`rgj mal parhj mal`htarj fzqufarmj ah ljs kjmaljs ma 0.9 lftrjs. 40. 40. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma quft`r ljs parhjs ma l` cul`t`, as hacas`rfj sap`r`r l` cul`t` mal kjtjr. Ah asta c`sj, l` ouht` mal c`daz`l puama m`ð`rsa. Ah ljs kjtjras cjh c`kfs`s ma cflfhmrj axtr`ëdlas, l` c`kfs` mal cflfhmrj puama axtr`arsa pjr kamfj ma uh` ouht`, cjkj rasult`mj ma lj cu`l l` fhst`l`cfóh mal ravastfkfahtj puama varsa `iact`m` y al rairfgar`hta sa iug` ` tr`væs ma ast` iug`. 44. 44. ^`r` ^`r` axtr`ar l` cul`t`, usa mjs v`rfll`s katàlfc`s cjh axtrakjs ah àhgulj ractj qua sa fhst`l`h ah ljs jrfifcfjs p`r` ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` cul`t` y gfra c`daz` b`cf` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl. Hj sa puama gfr`r l` c`daz` ah jtr` mfraccfóh, pjrqua L` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` c`daz` astàsu`vakahta kjht`m` ahl`p`s`mjras ma guë`. 43. 43. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma l` mastruccfóh ma l` ouht` j l` sap`r`cfóh ma l` c`daz` ma l` ouht`, ratfra l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj. Tatfra l` ouht` ma cul`t` mal dljqua mal kjtjr. Sf ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astàh fhst`l`mjs ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah uh `ousta iljoj, quëtaljs y guàrmaljs cjh l` c`daz`. 4=. 4=. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras cjh ravastfkfahtjs ma cflfhmrjs raakpl`z`dlas, al cfgüað`l cjh l` c`daz` ratfr`m` hj mada gfr`rsa, ma lj cjhtr`rfj, ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma cflfhmrjs sa puamah akpuo`r b`cf` `rrfd` masma sus zóc`ljs. Sf as hacas`rfj, cjljc`r ljs cflfhmrjs mal cfgüað`l (p`r` lfkpf`r ljs pfstjhas) ah l` pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l.Ah `usahcf` ma clfps aspacf`las ma k`hguftjs, ljs k`hguftjs sa puamah ifo`r `tjrhfll`hmj ljs parhjs cjh `r`hmal`s gr`hmas ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, cjkj sa kuastr` ah l`
ifgur`. 41. 41. Sf Sf sa axtr`a l` cul`t` mal cflfhmrj p`r` rap`r`cfjhas fkpjrt`htas, ratfra al àrdjl ma lav`s.
^rap`r`hmj p`r` fhst`l`r fhst`l`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L`s suparifcfas L`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` c`daz` y al dljqua mal kjtjr madah lfkpf`rsa ` ijhmj ljs rastjs ma l` ouht` y al bjllëh cjh uh r`sp`mjr ma k`mar` j plàstfcj. ]`kdfæh as hacas`rfj lfkpf`r l`s p`rtas suparfjras ma ljs pfstjhas. @l lfkpf`r, alfkfha l` pjsfdflfm`m ma qua ljs prjmuctjs ma lfkpfaz` ahtrah ah ljs c`h`las c `h`las ma `cafta mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`k cufm`mjs`kahta ahta l`s suparifcfas fhtarh`s ma ljs cflfhmrjs. 4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` c`daz` mal kjtjr y al dljqua mal kjtjr p`r` matact`r maiactjs. M`ðjs kahjras alfkfh`mjs pjr kac`hfz`mj. @makàs, utflfz`hmj uh` ragl` y sjhm` ma kat`l, cjkpruada l` pl`hftum mal `ousta ma l`s suparifcfas. 3. Ah 3. Ah kjtjras cjh k`hg`s sap`r`m`s ma cflfhmrjs, varfifqua l` c`htfm`m ma prjtudar`hcf` ma l`s k`hg`s mal dljqua mal kjtjr. =. @l =. @l fhst`l`r uh` huav` ouht`, mada alagfr uh` ouht` mal grjsjr `macu`mj. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, sjlj sa utflfz` uh` ouht` ma cul`t`. Sfh akd`rgj, ah jtrjs kjmaljs b`y ouht`s ma mjs aspasjras mfiarahtas? uh` ouht` astàhm`r, qua sa fhst`l` ah l` iàdrfc`, y uh` ouht` kàs gruas` (+>.4 kk), qua sa us` cjh uh` cul`t` pulfm`. Sf sa rapala l` c`daz`, sa k`rc` cjh l` latr` "T", ast`kp`m` `lramamjr mal tarcar cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh. L` ouht` t`kdfæh mada ast`r k`rc`m` cjh uh` “T‛ fkpras` ah al l`mj suparfjr ma l` ouht` jpuast` `l tarcar cflfhmrj. L`s ouht`s t`kdfæh puamah fmahtfifc`rsa kamf`hta atfquat`s ah l` p`rta irjht`l fzqufarm` ma l` ouht`. 1. Qh` 1. Qh` ouht` astàhm`r cjh uh grjsjr ma 0,4 kk sa fhmfc` kamf`hta uh jrfifcfj ast`kp`mj ah al axtrakj mal`htarj fzqufarmj ma l` ouht`, y uh` ouht` gruas` (0,= kk) sa fhmfc` kamf`hta mjs j tras jrfifcfjs parijr`mjs ah al kfskj lug`r. 9. Yarfifc`r 9. Yarfifc`r al ast`mj ma ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y, aspacf`lkahta, su t`ll`mj. Kfm` l` ljhgftum ma c`m` parhj (sfh `r`hmal`) masma al l`mj fhiarfjr ma l` c`daz` mal parhj b`st` al axtrakj mal parhj. Sf l` ljhgftum ma ljs parhjs as fhiarfjr ` 079,1 kk (ah kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0,9 lftrjs) j fhiarfjr ` 9> kk (ah kjtjras ma 0,2 lftrjs) j fhiarfjr ` 004 kk (ah kjtjras ma 4,> lftrjs), sa puamah rautflfz`r. Sfh akd`rgj, sf l` ljhgftum ma cu`lqufar tjrhfllj axcama al aspacfifc`mj, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r tjmjs ljs tjrhflljs ah al eft. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` c`daz` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs a fhst`la l`s mjs d`rr`s ma guë` ah al dljqua mal kjtjr. Sf sa us`, ratfra ljs clfps ma kjht`oa mal k`hguftj mal cflfhmrj. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ma k`har` qua l`s k`rc`s ma fmahtfifc`cfóh astæh ah al axtrakj fzqufarmj ma l` ouht`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada qua al cfgüað`l y l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s astæh `sagur`mjs pjr ljs p`s`mjra p`s`mjrass ma fhst`l`cfóh. Fhst`la l` c`daz` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah ljs p`s`mjr p`s`mjras as ma guë`. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs tjrhflljs y l` p`rta fhiarfjr fhiarfjr ma l` c`daz` mal tjrhfllj cjh Kjlyejta G T`pfm ^lus. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la ljs parhj parhjss cjh `r`hma `r`hmal`s l`s ah l` l ` cul`t` y, ma k`har` uhfijrk uhfijrkaa y gr`mu`l, ah uh` sacuahcf` matark matarkfh`m`, fh`m`, `prfata ljs parhjs (cjhsulta l`
ifg. ifg. @prat`r ljs parhjs ma l` cul`t` cul`t` ). 9. Maspuæs 9. Maspuæs ma `prat`r ljs parhjs, `iljo`rljs ah al jrmah fhvarsj ` `prat`rljs y vjlvar ` `prat`rljs ah uh` sacuahcf` matarkfh`m` cjh al p`r raquarfmj. 7. Gfra 7. Gfra tjmjs ljs parhjs ah uh àhgulj ma 3>> ¾ ah sacuahcf`. 2. Cjhacta 2. Cjhacta l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj.
6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ah l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Fhst`la al sjpjrta mal kjtjr ah l` cul`t`. 0>. 0>. @ousta @ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`. 00. 00. Ta`lfca Ta`lfca l`s jpar`cfjhas rast`htas p`r` fhst`l`r l` cul`t` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ` l` rakjcfóh, jdsarv`hmj l`s sfgufahtas pjsfcfjhas? - cjhacta ljs l js cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ratfr`mjs cjrract`kaht cjrract`kahta5 a5 - Cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`hta cjrract`kahta y `prfætal`s ifrkakahta cjh l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma k`hguar`5 - Cjkprjd`r l` cjhaxfóh ma l `s k`hguar`s k`hguar`s ma v`cëj y vvahtfl`c ahtfl`cfóh. fóh. - Fhst`la l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`5 - cjhacta al tudj ma asc`pa racaptjr `l cjlactjr, fhst`la al ifltrj ma `fra y al c`dla mal `calar`mjr5 - Yfart` rairfgar`hta ah al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh y cjhacta al c`dla ma tfarr` hag`tfvj ` l` d`tarë`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 04. 04. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua al cfgüað`l y l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s astæh `sagur`mjs pjr ljs p`s`mjras ma fhst`l`cfóh. Fhst`la l` c`daz` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`. Ludrfqua l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs tjrhflljs y l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l` c`daz` mal tjrhfllj cjh Kjlyejta G T`pfm ^lus. Fhst`la ljs parhjs cjh `r`hmal`s ah l` cul`t` y, ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l, ah uh` sacuahcf` matarkfh`m`, `prfætaljs (cjhsulta l` Ifg. Sacuahcf` ma `prfata ma ljs parhjs ma l` cul`t` Ifg. cul`t` ). 03. 03. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma `prat`r ljs parhjs, `iljo`rljs ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma `prat`rljs y vjlvar ` `prat`rljs ah uh` sacuahcf` matarkfh`m` cjh al p`r raquarfmj. Gfra tjmjs ljs parhjs ah uh àhgulj ma 3>> ¾ (kjtjras ma 0,2 lftrjs) j ah uh àhgulj ma 09> ¾ (kjtjras ma 4,> lftrjs) ah uh` sacuahcf` matarkfh`m`. 0=. 0=. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa ah uh` pjla` ma aoa ma lav`s y `ousta su tahsfóh. 01. 01. Ta`lfca Ta`lfca l`s jpar`cfjhas rast`htas ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` l`s racjkahm`cfjhas p`r` ljs kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs. Càrtar ma `cafta Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Dljquaa 4. Mascjhacta Dljquaa l`s al ruam`s tr`sar`s, cjkprahm` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 3. Mraha 3. Mraha al `cafta mal kjtjr. =. Sf =. Sf astà prasahta, ratfra al cjhactjr mal sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `cafta, qua astà `tjrhfll`mj ah al càrtar ma `cafta. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh `cjhmfcfjh`mjr, mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma suoacfóh mal cjkprasjr ` l` pl`t`ijrk` y uh c`dla dl`hmj ifoa al cjkprasjr ah uh cuarpj. 7. @iljoa 7. @iljoa y masahrjsqua gr`mu`lkahta ljs parhjs ma l` pl`t`ijrk`. ^jrqua Ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh mal p`lat tfahah mfiarahtas ljhgftumas, as hacas`rfj axp`hmfrljs ma t`l k`har` qua mur`hta l` fhst`l`cfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r.
2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj maratfr`m`, p`lk`, sap`ra al càrtar ma `cafta mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Sf b`ya uh` ouht`. Cjh gjlpas Cjh l` p`lat` cjkpruada l` djkd` ma `cafta y l` raofll` m mal al racfpfaht racfpfahta ma `cafta. `ouht`, cafta. quëtal`. @l fhst`l`r al p`lat, usa sjlj l` huav` 6. Ah 6. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs ma kjtjr, sa fhst`l` uh` pl`c` ahtra l` pl`t`ijrk` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Sf as hacas`rfj quft`r l` pl`c`, mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa qua sa ahcuahtr`h ah l`s asqufh`s mf`gjh`lkahta jpuast`s ma l` pl`c`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta ljs rastjs ma l` ouht` ah l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal càrtar ma `cafta y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 4. Sf 4. Sf b`y uh` pl`c` ahtra l` p`lat` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, lfkpfa ljs rastjs ma l` ouht` y cudr` l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` pl`c pl`c`` cjh sall`mjr. Fhst`la l` pl`c` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y `prfata ljs parhjs. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs mjhma al càrtar ma `cafta astà fhst`l`mj mfract`kahta ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj y ludrfqua cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma sall`mjr. =. Ah =. Ah ljs kjmaljs mjhma al p`lat astà fhst`l`mj cjh uh` ouht`, varfifqua qua sa b`y`h alfkfh`mj ljs rastjs ma l` ouht` vfao` y qua l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj astæh sac`s y lfkpf`s. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` ah al p`lat. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` pl`t`ijrk` ah al dljqua mal kjtjr y `prfætal` ma k`har` uhfijrka y cjhsfstahta cjh ljs parhjs. 9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh `cjhmfcfjh`mjr, `tjrhflla al cjkprasjr ` l` pl`t`ijrk`. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r y al ragul`mjr ma prasfóh. 2. Cjhacta 2. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `cafta. 6. D`oa 6. D`oa al `utjkóvfl, rallaha al `cafta mal kjtjr y cjhacta al ahcbuia hag`tfvj `l `cukul`mjr. Djkd` ma `cafta Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al càrtar ma `cafta. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` ruam` maht`m` ma l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla ljsl`tras tjrhflljs suoacfóh ma l`ma djkd` ma `cafta `l dljqua ma ma cflfhmrjs. Tatfra c`mah` ma l`maruam` maht`m` l` djkd` y ratfra l` djkd` `cafta. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra l` ouht` qua astà fhst`l`m` mad`oj ma l` djkd`.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjkprjd`r 0. Cjkprjd`r al masg`sta ma l` ruam` maht`m` ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. Sf l` ruam` maht`m` astà masg`st`m`, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r l` djkd` ma `cafta, cjkj Al `starfscj hj sa sukfhfstr` pjr sap`r`mj. Ah asta c`sj, t`kdfæh sa racjkfahm` raakpl`z`r l` c`mah` y l` ruam` maht`m` ma tr`hskfsfóh. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh racfpfahta ma `cafta ` l` djkd`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al mapósftj ma `cafta y ratfra l` vàlvul` ma sagurfm`m y al rasjrta. =. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma ljs rjtjras ma l` djkd` p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma masg`sta. @l masg`sta ma ljs rjtjras, l` djkd` astà suoat` ` sustftucfóh. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa al pfstóh ma l` vàlvul` ma sagurfm`m p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma masg`sta y raakplàcalj sf as hacas`rfj. L` cjhmfcfóh ma l` prfk`var` sa puama av`lu`r sjlj cjkp`r`hmj cjh l` huav` prfk`var`. Al pfstóh ma sagurfm`m y al rasjrta sa sukfhfstr`h cjkj rapuastjs. 9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa al ifltrj ah al racfpfahta ma `cafta cjh uh sjlvahta `prjpf`mj. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al rasjrta ma l` vàlvul` ma sagurfm`m y al pfstóh ah al racfpfahta ma `cafta. Fhst`la al racfpfahta ma `cafta ah l` djkd` y suoætalj cjh parhjs. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la uh` pl`c` ma `pjyj y maslfca l` c`mah` ah l` ruam` maht`m` ma l` djkd`. Fhst`la l` djkd` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y iëoal` cjh parhjs. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` cudfart` mal pfðóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al p`lat.
=. Llaha =. Llaha al sfstak` ma ludrfc`cfóh cjh `cafta `htas ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. ^`r` b`car astj, ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal fhyactjr ma cjkdustfdla y, gfr`hmj al kjtjr cjh uh `rr`hc`mjr, aspara b`st` qua sa `p`gua al fhmfc`mjr ma prasfóh ma `cafta. Maspuæs ma asj, cjhacta al cjhactjr `l fhyactjr ma cjkdustfdla y `rr`hqua al kjtjr. Ahirf`mjr ma `cafta
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @prfata 0. @prfata al irahj k`hu`l, lav`hta uh` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y iëoalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Mraha 4. Mraha al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj j `prfata l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj carc` mal ahirf`mjr ma `cafta. 3. Cjljqua 3. Cjljqua uh racfpfahta `macu`mj mad`oj mal ifltrj ma `cafta y masahrjsqua al ifltrj. =. =. Иреоаьфб cjll`ras ma suoacfóh ma l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ` uh r`mf`mjr ma `cafta y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma uh r`mf`mjr. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma ifo`cfóh ma uh r`mf`mjr ma `cafta (@) `l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y ratfra uh r`mf`mjr.^rasta `tahcfóh ` l` r`hur` (D), udfc`m` ah al djrma mal r`mf`mjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ramjhm` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal r`mf`mjr a fhst`la al r`mf`mjr ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa l` r`hur` ma fhst`l`cfóh ah al r`mf`mjr cjh l` prjtudar`hcf` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y ifoa al r`mf`mjr cjh al parhj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al ifltrj ma `cafta y d`oa al c`rrj. Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta mal kjtjr. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh ah al r`mf`mjr y cjkpruada al hfval ma rairfgar`hta. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y varfifqua l` ast`hquafm`m mal ahirf`mjr ma `cafta. Taakpl`zj mal sallj mal cfgüað`l TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Cfarra ma cfgüað` cfgüað`ll maracbj maracbj 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l y l` tr`hskfsfóh pjr cjrra` maht`m`. Kamfr l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal sallj. 4. ^arijra 4. ^arijra mjs jrfifcfjs paquaðjs ah al sallj, udfc`mjs ah ljs axtrakjs mf`katr`lkahta jpuastjs mal sallj. @tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas ah ljs jrfifcfjs parijr`m parijr`mjs js mal sallj y, utflfz`hmj ljs `lfc`tas, axtr`fg` al `hfllj ma sall`mj ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs.
3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa al zóc`lj mal sallj. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj ma l` huav` ouht` tórfc` cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlalj ah al cfgüað`l. Ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` `mahtrj. 1. Qs`hmj 1. Qs`hmj al k`hmrfl `prjpf`mj, prasfjha prasf jha al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah l` r`hur` ` uh` prjiuhmfm`m fgu`l ` l` prjiuhmf prjiuhmfm`m m`m ma fhst`l`cf óh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj `htfguj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra tjmjs ljs rastjs ma `cafta mal kjtjr a fhst`la l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Cfarra ma cfgüað`l fzqufarmj fzqufarmj 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al vjl`hta. Kfm` l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al zóc`lj. 2. ^arijra 2. ^arijra mjs jrfifcfjs paquaðjs ah al sallj, udfc`mjs ah ljs axtrakjs mf`katr`lkahta jpuastjs mal sallj. @tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas ah ljs jrfifcfjsal parijr`m parijr`mjs js sallj. mal sallj y, utflfz`hmj ljs `lfc`tas, axtr`fg` al `hfllj ma sall`mj ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhfllj tjrhflljs. s. 6. Lfkpfa 6. Lfkpfa zóc`lj mal 0>. 0>. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj ma l` huav` ouht` tórfc` cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlalj ah al cfgüað`l. Ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` `mahtrj. 00. 00. Qs`hmj Qs`hmj al k`hmrfl `prjpf`mj, prasfjha al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al zóc`lj ` uh` prjiuhmfm`m fgu`l ` l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj `htfguj. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra tjmjs ljs rastjs ma `cafta mal kjtjr a fhst`la al vjl`hta. Yjl`hta Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma tr`hskfsfóh k`hu`l k`hu`l 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs y al akdr`gua. 4. @sagura 4. @sagura al vjl`hta ma fharcf` cjhtr` l` rjt`cfóh cjljc`hmj al ratahamjr ah al `hfllj ma ahgr`h`oa mal vjl`hta. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra uh vjl`hta. Sf b`y uh p`s`mjr ma guë`, quëtalj y guàrmalj cjh al vjl`hta. Ljs parhjs mal vjl`hta sfakpra sa raakpl`z`h pjr jtrjs huavjs. Kjmaljs ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` `utjkàtfc` =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. K`rqua l` udfc`cfóh mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ah ral`cfóh cjh al vjl`hta y `iljoa ljs parhjs mal vjl`hta. 1. Axtr`fg` 1. Axtr`fg` ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal vjl`hta cjh al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r y l`s mjs ouht`s. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l`s ouht`s tfahah uh grjsjr mfiarahta, l` kàs gruas` sa ahcuahtr` ah al axtarfjr mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al vjl`hta mal cfgüað`l. Sf b`y uh p`s`mjr ma guë`, quëtalj y guàrmalj cjh al vjl`hta. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh c`o` ma c`kdfjs k`hu`l, varfifqua qua al vjl`hta hj astæ masg`st`mj ah al l`mj mal akdr`gua y al ast`mj ma ljs mfahtas ma l`
cjrjh` maht`m`. Cu`hmj l` cjrjh` maht`m` astà masg`st`m`, al vjl`hta mada sar raakpl`z`mj, y` qua L` cjrjh` maht`m` hj sa sukfhfstr` pjr sap`r`mj. 4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, cjkpruada al ast`mj mal `ccfjh`kfahtj mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r y l` cjrjh` maht`m`.
Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma tr`hskfsfóh k`hu`l k`hu`l 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal vjl`hta y al cfgüað`l. Tatfra cu`lqufar rasfmuj ma sall`mjr ma ljs jrfifcfjs mal cfgüað`l cjh uh grfij. 4. Sf 4. Sf ljs parhjs huavjs hj astàh cudfartjs cjh uh sall`mjr, `plfqua uh sall`mjr ` l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs parhjs `htas ma fhst`l`rljs.
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al p`s`mjr guë` ah al zóc`lj a fhst`la al vjl`hta, `lfha`hm `lfha`hmj j ljs jrfifcfjs mal vjl`hta cjh al p`s`mjr guë`. =. Dljquaa =. Dljquaa al vjl`hta cjhtr` l` rjt`cfóh y `tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa.
1. Ast`dlazc` 1. Ast`dlazc` al `cjpl`kfahtj y qufta uh dljquaj ma dljquaj ma uh vjl`hta. Fhst`la l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Kjmaljs ma tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` `utjkàtfc` 9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal vjl`hta y al cfgüað`l. Tatfra cu`lqufar rasfmuj ma sall`mjr ma ljs jrfifcfjs mal cfgüað`l cjh uh grfij. Sf sa us`h parhjs huavjs qua hj astàh cudfartjs cjh uh sall`mjr, `plfqua uh sall`mjr ` ljs parhjs ah l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs parhjs. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al p`s`mjr guë` ah al zóc`lj a fhst`la al vjl`hta `lfha`hmj `lfha`hmj ljs jrfifcfjs mal vjl`hta cjh al p`s`mjr guë`. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` uhfm`m mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r cjh uh` ouht` kàs malg`m` udfc`m` matràs ma l` uhfm`m y uh` ouht` kàs gruas` ah al axtarfjr. @lfhæalj cjh l`s k`rc`s bacb`s mur`hta al ratfrj. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la ljs huavjs parhj parhjss ma kjht`oa y `prfætaljs cjh al tjrqua `prjpf`mj. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al pastfllj ma dljquaj mal vjl`hta a fhst`la l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
Suspahsfóh mal trah kjtrfz Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj ` l` suspahsfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`, lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al ast`mj ma ljs alakahtjs ma gjk` mal kjtjr p`r` matact`r grfat`s, ahvaoacfkfahtj y masl`kfh`cfóh. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada l` if`dflfm`m mal sjpjrta mal kjtjr. =. Kuav` =. Kuav` al kjtjr ma l`mj ` l`mj, varfifqua al ouagj ah ljs sjpjrtas mal kjtjr. Al ouagj mada sar fhsfghfifc`hta fhclusj p`r` ljs huavjs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh. Sustftucfóh ma l` suspahsfóh cjrract` cjrract` JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Kuav` l`s k`hguar`s y al c`dla`mj p`r` qua hj fhtarifar`h cjh l` axtr`ccfóh ma l` suspahsfóh cjrract`. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj mal kjtjr y lavàhtalj ` tr`væs ma uh dljqua ma k`mar` b`st` qua tjmj al pasj mal kjtjr sa` parcfdfmj pjr uh g`tj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla tras tuarc`s ma suoacfóh mal sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh maracbj `l kjtjr y uh` tuarc` ma suoacfóh ` uh alakahtj ma gjk` ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal lfkft`mjr suparfjr ma l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` suspahsfóh maracb` y ljs cu`trj parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh `l cuarpj. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` `lkjb`mfll` ma gjk` mal puht`l ma l` suspahsfóh, mas`tjrhflla l` suspahsfóh mal puht`l y axtràfg`l`. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma l` suspahsfóh p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma masg`sta y raakplàcaljs sf as hacas`rfj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` d`rr` ma suspahsfóh ah al cuarpj y `tjrhëllal`, `tjrhëllal`, `pratàhmjl` `pratàhmjl` ccjh jh al tjrqua raqu raquarfmj. arfmj. Cjljqua l` ssuspahs uspahsfóh fóh ah l` cul`t` y iëoal` cjh parhjs. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al tjpa ma maspl`z`kfahtj y `sagÿralj cjh parhjs. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la uh cjoëh ma gjk` ah l` raofll` ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh. 6. @prfata 6. @prfata l`s tuarc`s ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al g`tj ma mad`oj mal kjtjr y cjhacta al tarkfh`l ma l` d`tarë`. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. lftrjs. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Kuav` l`s k`hguar`s y al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj p`r` qua hj fhtarifar`h cjh l` axtr`ccfóh ma l` suspahsfóh cjrract`. 04. 04. Cjljqua Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj mal kjtjr y lavàhtalj ` tr`væs ma uh dljqua ma k`mar` b`st` qua tjmj al pasj mal kjtjr sa` parcfdfmj pjr uh g`tj. 03. 03. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla mjs tuarc`s y mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh maracbj `l kjtjr. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` qua suoat` l` suspahsfóh `l
alakahtj ma gjk`. 0=. 0=. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ifo`cfóh lfkft`mjr suparfjr mamasahrjsqua uh cursj y cu`trj tjrhflljs ifo`cfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ` uh cuarpj. 01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra l` `lkjb`mfll` mama gjk` mal mal sjpjrta ma fhst`l`cfóh, al sjpjrta ma l`mac`rrjcarë` y ratëralj mal vabëculj. 09. 09. Tavfsa Tavfsa tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma l` suspahsfóh pjr sfghjs ma masg`sta y raakplàcaljs sf as hacas`rfj.
07. 07. Fhst`la Fhst`la al puht`l ma suspahsfóh ah al vabëculj y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa. Cjljqua l` suspahsfóh ah l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` cul`t` y `prfata ljs parhjs. 02. 02. Fhst`la Fhst`la al tjpa ma maspl`z`kfahtj y `sagÿralj cjh parhjs. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la al cjoëh ma gjk` ah al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh. 4>. 4>. @prfata @prfata l`s tuarc`s ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh. Tatfra al g`tj ma mad`oj mal kjtjr y cjhacta al tarkfh`l ma l` d`tarë`. SQS^AHSFJH F_PQFATM@ F_PQFATM@ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj mal kjtjr y lavàhtalj ` tr`væs ma uh dljqua ma k`mar` b`st` qua tjmj al pasj mal kjtjr sa` parcfdfmj pjr uh g`tj. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` cahtr`l qua suoat` l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` fzqufarm`. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` suspahsfóh y sàqual` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. =. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, masahrjsqua al puht`l ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma l` suspahsfóh p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma masg`sta y raakplàcaljs sf as hacas`rfj. 9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma l` fhst`l`cfóh y cÿdr`l` cjh uh` cjkpjsfcfóh qua avfta al mas`tjrhfll`mj. Fhst`la al d`stfmjr ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y `tjrhflla. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al cjoëh ma gjk`, `prfata ljs parhjs y l` tuarc` cahtr`l. Tatfra al g`tj. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la al ifltrj ma `fra y cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Kjtjras mfasal Ast` sudsaccfóh mascrfda l`s jpar`cfjhas ma rap`r`cfóh qua sa puamah ra`lfz`r ah uh kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah uh `utjkóvfl. Sf al kjtjr y` astà maskjht`mj, l` jpar`cfóh ma maskjht`oa puama fghjr`rsa. Mascrfpcfóh ma ljs kjtjras Ljs kjtjras kjtjras mal mal tfpj RQM sjh kjtjras cjh turdjcjkprasjr, cjh cu`trj cflfhmrjs, cjh uh àrdjl ma lav`s kjht`mj tr`hsvars`lkahta, cjh uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ah al l`mj fzqufarmj f zqufarmj mal kjtjr. L` cul`t` ma `la`cfóh ma `lukfhfj tfaha 2 vàlvul`s ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs y 04 vàlvul`s ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s sa `oust` `oust`h h `oust`hmj l`s c`lz`s cjljc`m`s ahtra ljs akpuo`mjra akpuo`mjrass y ljs axtrakjs ma ljs l js vàst`gjs ma l`s vvàlvul`s, àlvul`s, y ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s sa `oust`h `utjkàtfc`kahta kamf`hta akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs.
Al àrdjl ma lav`s sa fhst`l` ah tras cjofhatas mfract`kahta ah l` cul`t` ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs y ah cfhcj cjofhatas ah suoat`mjras sap`r`mjs ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs. L` cjrra` maht`m` `ccfjh` al àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y l` djkd` mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Al cfgüað`l sa `pjy` ah cfhcj cjofhatas prfhcfp`las. Al ouagj `xf`l mal cfgüað`l sa rfga pjr sakf-`hflljs ma akpuoa udfc`mjs ` `kdjs l`mjs mal rjm`kfahtj Hj. 4.
Ljs pfstjhas sa salaccfjh`h pjr pasj y tfahah p`s`mjras ma pfstóh iljt`htas `sagur`mjs cjh `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. L` djkd` ma `cafta as `ccfjh`m` pjr uh` c`mah` masma uh `starfscj udfc`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal cfgüað`l. Qh ahirf`mjr ma `cafta astà mfspjhfdla ah tjmjs ljs kjtjras. @mvartahcf` Kjtjras ma 0.6 y 4.0 lftrjs? uhfm`mas cjkplao`s cjh hukarjsjs sfstak`s y uhfm`mas `uxflf`ras. Al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr astà k`xfkfz`mj y al `ccasj `l kjtjr y l`s uhfm`mas `uxflf`ras as axtrak`m`kahta lfkft`mj. Ah kucbjs c`sjs, l`s uhfm`mas `uxflf`ras madaràh ratfr`rsa j kjvarsa, y al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj, ljs tudjs y l`s k`hguar`s madaràh mascjhact`rsa y ratfr`rsa mur`hta l`s rap`r`cfjhas mal kjtjr. Tap`r`cfóh mal kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah al `utjkóvfl `utjkóvfl Ah al kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs fhst`l`mj ah al `utjkóvfl, puama ra`lfz`r ljs sfgufahtas tr`d`ojs? - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` cul`t`5 - sustftucfóh ma uh` cjrra` maht`m`5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal càrtar ma `cafta5 - axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh mal grupj ma pfstjhas5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta5 - sustftucfóh mal sjpjrta mal kjtjr5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal vjl`hta. Ah al kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs fhst`l`mj ah al `utjkóvfl, puama ra`lfz`r ljs sfgufahtas tr`d`ojs? - raakpl`z`r l` cjrra` maht`m`5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ljs t`quæs bfmràulfcjs5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal càrtar ma `cafta5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta5 - sustftucfóh mal sjpjrta mal kjtjr5 - Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal vjl`hta. @mvartahcf`
Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, l` mfst`hcf` ahtra l` cul`t` y l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal kjtjr as t`h lfkft`m` qua as fkpjsfdla quft`r l` cul`t` mal kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah al `utjkóvfl. Ast` jpar`cfóh sa ra`lfz` sjlj ah al kjtjr ratfr`mj mal vabëculj. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc`
M`tjs gahar`las gahar`las Masfgh`cfóh? - 0.6 lftrjs (kjtjr 06>1 ck 3 ).
Rum6
- 4.0 lftrjs (kjtjr 4>22 ck 3 )
RQM00
Cómfgjs ma kjtjr *? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs .
MBR (RQM6D]I / V / L3)
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
^2C (RQM00D]A / V / L / L3)
Mfàkatrj mal cflfhmrj? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs .
23.>> kk
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs .
21.>> kk
Gjlpa ma pfstóh? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs .
22.>> kk
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs .
64, >> kk
Mfraccfóh Mfraccf óh ma rjt`cfóh mal cfgüað`l Cflfhmrj Cflfhmr j hukarj 0
Ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo cu`hmj sa va masma al l`mj maracbj mal cjcba Qdfc`mj ah al l`mj mal vjl`hta.
Tal`cfóh ma cjkprasfóh? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs .
40.2? 0
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs .
40.1? 0
^rasfóh ma cjkprasfóh (kjtjr c`lfahta) c`lfahta) Hjrk`l
41 - 3> d`r
Këhfkj
02 d`r
Mfiarahcf` kàxfk` ahtra mjs cflfhmrjs
1 d`r
Àrdjl ma lav`s lav`s @ccfjh`kfahtj @ccfjh `kfahtj mal `rdjl ma lav`s
Cjrra` maht`m`
Hÿkarj ma cjofhatas ma akpuoa? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs.
3
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
1
Ouagj `xf`l? - Kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs .
>.>7 - >.09 kk
- Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
sfh m`tjs
Sap`r`cfjhas ma vàlvul`s (kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs) lftrjs) Yàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh
>.01 ° >.>2 kk
Yàlvul` ma asc`pa
>.3> ° >.>2 kk
Sfstak` ma ludrfc`cfjh ludrfc`cfjh @ccfjh`kfahtj @ccfjh `kfahtj djkd` ma `cafta ^rasfóh këhfk` mal `cafta ` 6> ¾ C ^rasfóh ma `ctu`cfóh mal sahsjr ma prasfóh * Al cómfgj mal kjtjr astà ast`kp`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua mal kjtjr. Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, Hk Hk
C`mah` ma l` astrall` ah al axtrakj maracbj mal cfgüað`l =.6 d`r ` =>>> rpk >,2 d`r
Kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` v`rfll`?
- at`p` 0
4>
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 7> ¾.
^arhjs mal c`squfllj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s
4>
Al dulóh ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s
=>
^arhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l? - at`p` 0
=>
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 10 ¾
Cudfart` mal sallj mal`htarj mal cfgüað`l
09
]jrhflljs ma cul`t`? - at`p` 0
4>
- at`p` 4
9>
- at`p` 3
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 44> ¾
]jrhflljss ma t`p` ma cul`t` ]jrhfllj
0>
]jrhflljss ma vjl`hta ]jrhfllj
1>
Ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` t`p` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
0>
L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
1>
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - Kjht`r l` suspahsfóh `l cuarpj.
3>
- ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` ` l` suspahsfóh
3>
- kjht`r l` crak`llar` ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs
9>
- tuarc` cahtr`l
91
Ifo`cfóh Ifo`cf óh ma l` c`o` ma cjofhata fhtarkamfj.
1>
^arhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata mal cfgüað`l? - at`p` 0
01
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 9> ¾
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. ]jrhfllj
03
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal tudj mal pulvarfz`mjr sjdra ljs pfstjhas
0>
Suspahsfóh maracb` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - kjht`r l` suspahsfóh `l kjtjr
=1
- L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` `l sjpjrta
=1
- L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` `l cuarpj
=>
- ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal tjpa tjpa suparfjr suparfjr..
1>
]jrhflljss ma kjht`oa mal càrtar ma `cafta ]jrhfllj
09
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` c`o` ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh
2
Kac`hfskj ma suoacfóh p`r` `oust`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
4>
Suoacfóh mal kac`hfskj tahsjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
4>
Kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` v`rfll`? - at`p` 0
4>
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 7> ¾.
^arhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s
1>
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`o` ma l` ouht` mal cfgüað`l mal`htarj. ]jrhfllj
09
^arhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l? - at`p` 0
=>
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 9> ¾
]`p` ma cul`t`
2
]jrhflljs ma cul`t`? - at`p` 0
7>
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 1> ¾
C`lfahta al kjtjr, maoa ahirf`r mur`hta 3 ` 1 bjr`s, `iljoa ljs parhjs y vualv` ` `prat`r? - at`p` 3
7>
- at`p` =
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 01> ¾
]jrhflljss ma vjl`hta ]jrhfllj
1>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` t`p` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
0>
L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
1>
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - Kjht`r l` suspahsfóh `l cuarpj.
3>
- ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` ` l` suspahsfóh
3>
- kjht`r l` crak`llar` ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs
9>
- tuarc` cahtr`l
91
Ifo`cfóh Ifo`cf óh ma l` c`o` ma cjofhata fhtarkamfj.
1>
^arhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata mal cfgüað`l? - at`p` 0
01
- at`p` 4
Gfr`r ah uh àhgulj ma 9> ¾
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta. ]jrhfllj
03
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal tudj mal pulvarfz`mjr sjdra ljs pfstjhas
0>
Suspahsfóh maracb` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - kjht`r l` suspahsfóh `l kjtjr
=1
- L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` `l sjpjrta
=1
- L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk` `l cuarpj
=>
- ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal tjpa tjpa suparfjr suparfjr..
1>
]jrhflljss ma kjht`oa mal càrtar ma `cafta ]jrhfllj
09
^jla` maht`m` pjla`
37
Suoacfóh mal kac`hfskj tahsjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
0>
Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh L` k`ghftum ma l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh kuastr`, ah l` k`yjrë` ma ljs c`sjs, quæ t`h masg`st`mj astà al grupj ma cflfhmrj-pfstóh mal kjtjr. Sa raqufara uh cjkprasjr p`r` kjtjras mfasal cjh uh` lactur` kàxfk` ma `l kahjs 3> d`r p`r` kamfr l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. C`rgua 0. C`rgua cjkplat`kahta l` d`tarë`. @ousta l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`. C`laht`r al kjtjr ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj. Mas`tjrhflla tjm`s l`s djqufll`s. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta l` `lfkaht`cfóh ma l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas y al cjhactjr ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma cjkdustfdla. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra al ralæ mal sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla udfc`mj ah l` uhfm`m ma l` ACQ.
3. @tjrhflla 3. @tjrhflla l` djqufll` mal kamfmjr ma cjkprasfóh ah al zóc`lj mal fhyactjr. Gfra al cfgüað`l v`rf`s vacas cjh al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua. ]ahg` ah cuaht` al v`ljr kàxfkj ma l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh.
=. Tapft` =. Tapft` l`s kamfm`s ah jtrjs tras cflfhmrjs. 1. L` 1. L` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah tjmjs ljs cflfhmrjs hj mada mfiarfr ah kàs ma mjs uhfm`mas. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` c`htfm`m ma cjkprasfóh mada `ukaht`r ràpfm`kahta ah uh kjtjr ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj5 Qh` d`o` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah al prfkar gfrj mal cfgüað`l, sagufm` ma uh `ukahtj gr`mu`l ma l` prasfóh ah ljs sfgufahtas gfrjs mal cfgüað`l, fhmfc` masg`sta ah ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh. L` d`o` prasfóh ah al prfkar gfrj mal cfgüað`l, qua `ukaht` lfgar`kahta kàs, fhmfc` uh` vàlvul` sualt`, uh` ouht` ma cul`t` parijr`m`, j uh` grfat` ah l` cul`t`. Ljs axtrakjs ma v`rfll` ma l` vàlvul` masg`st`mjs t`kdfæh puamah rasult`r ah uh` d`o` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh 9. Sf 9. Sf l` prasfóh ah uh as d`o`, ra`lfca`cafta l` sfgufahta pruad`.`ukaht` Yfart` uhl` pjcj ma `cafta mal kjtjrfhmfc` ` tr`væs ahjalmal cflfhmrj varfifqua l` prasfóh ma cflfhmrj cjkprasfóh. Sf vartar ah al cflfhmrj prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh, quamal ljsjrfifcfj `hflljsmal malt`póh cflfhmrj pfstóhy astàh masg`st`mjs. 7. L` d`o` L` d`o` prasfóh ah mjs cflfhmrjs `my`cahtas fhmfc` l` quak` ma l` ouht` ahtra ljs cflfhmrjs. 2. Sf 2. Sf l` prasfóh ah uh cflfhmrj as 4>% kahjr qua ah ljs jtrjs, y al kjtjr as fhast`dla cu`hmj astà `l r`lahtë, astj fhmfc` uh` lav` masg`st`m` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 6. Sf 6. Sf l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh as mak`sf`mj `lt`, fhmfc` qua l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh astà cudfart` cjh uh` c`p` gruas` ma bjllëh. Fhst`l`cfóh ma kac`hfskj ma tfakpj. Barr`kfaht` p`r` dljqua`r l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma l` vàlvul`. vàlvul`.
]jmjs ljs kjmaljs tfahah jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al vjl`hta. Ljs jrfifcfjs ma fhst`l`cfóh sa utflfz`h p`r` cjljc`r al cfgüað`l, al àrdjl ma lav`s y l` djkd djkd`` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla ah uh` pjsfcfóh qua avfta qua ljs pfstjhas y l`s vàlvul`s
cjlfsfjhah `l fhst`l`r l` cul`t` j l` cjrra` maht`m`. Cu`hmj ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah l`s pjla`s astæh `lfha`mjs `lfha`mjs cjh ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` cul`t` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, l`s v` rfll`s ma fhst`l`c fhst`l`cfóh fóh (j ljs parhjs cjrraspjhmfahtas) madah fhsart`rsa ah all`s y al aoa ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al cfgüað`l madah ast`r dljqua`mjs p`r` avft`r qua gfrah. Ah asta c`sj, al pfstóh mal cflfhmrj H ¾ = astà udfc`mj ah al puhtj kuartj suparfjr ma l` c`rrar` ma cjkprasfóh. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cfgüað`l b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla (uh jrfifcfj ah l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s, uhj j mjs jrfifcfjs ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla) astæh `lfha`mjs cjh ljs jrfifcfjs mal kjtjr. Al cfgüað`l puama sar `ccfjh`mj pjr al tjrhfllj ma l` pjla`. ^`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma l` pjla`, ratfra al `rcj ma l` ruam` ma mad`oj mal `l`. Sf as hacas`rfj, s`qua l`s k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`htaa ma l` suspahsfóh rairfgar`ht suspahsfóh.. Gfra al cfgüað`l sjlj ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo `l kfr`r al kjtjr ah al l`mj maracbj mal `utjkó `utjkóvfl. vfl. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la uh` v`rfll` (fhmfc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 2 kk ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ah al djrma fzqufarmj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs carc` mal `rr`hc`mjr. Sf as hacas`rfj, b`g` gfr`r al cfgüað`l cjh cufm`mj b`st` qua l` v`rfll` ahtra ah al jrfifcfj mal vjl`hta.
=. Ah =. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, al `ccasj astà rastrfhgfmj y as pjsfdla qua mad` quft`r al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua p`r` fhst`l`r l` v`rfll`.
1. Fhsarta 1. Fhsarta al parhj ma 2 kk (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ah l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s (` l` fzqufarm`, ah uh kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs, ` l` maracb`, ah uh kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs). l ftrjs).
9. Fhsarta 9. Fhsarta mjs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr ilacb`s) (` l` fzqufarm` ah uh kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs) j uhj (` l` maracb` ah uh kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs) ` tr`væs ma uh` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y `tjrhëllaljs `l kjtjr. 7. Al cfgüað`l, Al cfgüað`l, al àrdjl ma lav`s y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla astàh ifo`mjs ah uh` pjsfcfóh qua avft` qua gfrah. ]`p` ma cul`t` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh ma l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` c`daz` y ratfra l` ahtr`m` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh dr`zj ma uh` k`hguar` ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla ah al l`mj maracbj ma uh` c`daz`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj mal mf`ir`gk` ma cjhtrjl, masahrjsqua ljs mjs parhjs y kuav` al mf`ir`gk` b`cf` uh l`mj. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` c`daz` y ratëraljs cjh `r`hmal`s.
1. Kuav` 1. Kuav` ` uh l`mj tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s qua astàh pjr ahcfk` ma l` cul`t`.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l ouhtj cjh l` ouht` ma gjk`. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l` ouht` y sustftÿy`l` sf as hacas`rfj. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh ma l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` c`daz`. 0>. 0>. ^rasta ^rasta `tahcfóh ` l` udfc`cfóh ma l`s k`hguar`s cjhact`m`s ` l` t`p` ma l` c`daz`, luagj mas`tjrhflla ljs 00 tjrhflljs gr`mu`lkahta ah aspfr`l. 00. 00. Kuav` Kuav` ` uh l`mj tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s qua astàh pjr ahcfk` ma l` cul`t`. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l ouhtj cjh l` ouht` ma gjk`. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l` ouht` y sustftÿy`l` sf as hacas`rfj.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh, y sa madah ra` ra`lfz`r lfz`r ljs sfgufahta sfgufahtass p`sjs? - fhst`l`r tjmjs ljs sjpjrtas y k`hguar`s ah su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l5 - Fhst`l`r al cjlactjr ma asc`pa (kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs). ^jla` mal cfguað`l Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` `sagur`r qua al cfgüað`l mal kjtjr hj gfra, al `sfstahta mada ahcahmar l` cu`rt` k`rcb` y prasfjh`r al irahj ma pfa b`st` al ifh`l j quft`r al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua y ifo`r al `hfllj mal ahgr`h`oa mal vjl`hta (l` ilacb` fhmfc` l` barr`kfaht`
p`r` ifo`r al vjl`hta mal ahgr`h`oa). Ah asta kjkahtj, `iljoa al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sfakpra sa mada utflfz`r al parhj ma l` pjla`.
3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla al parhj y ratfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Sf l` pjla` sa fhst`l` ah uh `ousta maslfz`hta ah al cfgüað`l cjh uh` ll`va j uh p`s`mjr, ratëraljs. Sf sa prasfjh` l` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l, quëtal` cjh uh axtr`ctjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal cfgüað`l a fhst`la l` pjla` ah al cfgüað`l, `lfha`hmj l` r`hur` ma l` pjla` cjh l` ll`va ma sagkahtj. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l` rjsc` mal parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` y ludrëqual` cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (^augajt racjkfahm` us`r Ljctfta Irahat`hcba). 3. @tjrhflla 3. @tjrhflla ah uh parhj cjh uh` `r`hmal` ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la y `ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `u `uxflf`r. xflf`r. Cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m maht`m`` Maskjht`oa KJ]JTAS 0.6 LF]TJS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ]`p` irjht`l suparfjr suparfjr 0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` cudfart` mal kjtjr. ]`p` tr`sar` suparfjr s uparfjr 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cudfart` irjht`l, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` cudfart` pjstarfjr. C`rc`s` fhiarfjr fhiarfjr 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l`s mjs cudfart`s suparfjras. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` cudfart` fhiar fhiarfjr. fjr. KJ]JTAS MA 4.> LF]TJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
C`rc`s` suparfjr suparfjr
0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) udfc`mj ah al cahtrj ma l` c`rc`s`.
4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cjhactjr suparfjr uh cu`rtj ma vualt` b`cf` l` maracb` p`r` lfdar`r al dljquaj.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` suparfjr mal kjtjr. Cudfart` cahtr`l cahtr`l =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y ratfra l` cudfart` cahtr`l carr`hmj uh` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla.
C`rc`s` fhiarfjr fhiarfjr 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh maracbj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l`s cudfart`s cahtr`las suparfjra suparfjras. s.
6. Mastjrhflla 6. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh y ratfra l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr.
Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjrra` maht`m` Tatfr`m` ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa ma uh` uhfm`m (kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs)
2. @dartur`s cu`mr`m`s ma 0> kk 04. ]uarc` ma ifo`cfóh mal puhtj ma pfvjta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh 6, 0>, 00. ]jrhflljs ma `ousta mal kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh ma g`s. 03. ]jrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh L` cjrra` maht`m` `ccfjh` al àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y l` djkd` ma `gu` masma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Ah al c`sj ma uh` ruptur` ma l`
cjrra` maht`m`, ljs pfstjhas y l`s vàlvul`s puamah cbjc`r, c`us`hmj gr`vas m`ðjs `l kjtjr. L` cjrra` maht`m` mada c`kdf`rsa ah uh fhtarv`lj ma tfakpj aspacëifcj j `htas sf sa us` `cafta ma kjtjr ah all`. Maspuæs ma quft`r l` cjrra` maht`m`, varfifqua al ast`mj ma l` djkd` ma `gu` y su ast`hquafm`m (ma `cuarmj cjh l`s iug`s ma rairfgar`hta). Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh y `sagÿralj cjh v`rfll`s j parhjs. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s cudfart`s rast`htas ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` suspahsfóh maracb` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. @iljoa l` tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y al parhj ma dljquaj, luagj gfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo p`r` `lfvf`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` y vualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma ifo`cfóh. Sf as pjsfdla, usa uh` ll`va ma ijrk` cu`mr`m` cjh uh l`mj ma 0> kk p`r` gfr`r al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh. =. K`rqua =. K`rqua l` mfraccfóh ma rjt`cfóh ma l` cjrra` cjh uh` ilacb` y ratfra l` cjrra` ma l`s pjla`s. Kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh ma l` vàlvul` y `sagÿralj cjh v`rfll`s j parhjs. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l`s cudfart`s rast`htas ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 7. Cjljqua 7. Cjljqua uh` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m ma uh` pjla` mal kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa sftu`m` ` l` fzqufarm` ma l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` suspahsfóh.
2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj uh` ll`va mjdl`m` ma 1 kk fhsart`m` ` tr`væs ma uh jrfifcfj ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` suspahsfóh, `iljoa al parhj ma suoacfóh (D) mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` (@ as l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m).
6. Cjh 6. Cjh uh` ll`va ma 0> kk fhsart`m` ` tr`væs mal kfskj jrfifcfj (fhmfc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`), ratr`fg` al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh gfr`hmj al aoa b`cf` l` maracb`.
0>. 0>. K`rqua K`rqua l` mfraccfóh ma rjt`cfóh ma l` cjrra` cjh uh` ilacb` y ratfra l` cjrra` ma l`s pjla`s.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Yarfifqua al ast`mj ma l` cjrra` maht`m` p`r` matact`r masg`sta, masl`kfh`cfóh y cjht`kfh`cfóh cjh `cafta. ^rast` aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` l` r`ëz ma ljs mfahtas. Sf b`y `lgÿh maiactj, l` cjrra` mada sar raakpl`z`m`. Sf sa ahcuahtr`h r`strjs ma `cafta ah l` cjrra`, as hacas`rfj ahcjhtr`r l` iuahta ma l` iug` ma `cafta y rap`r`rl`. Cjkpruada al ast`mj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y l` rjt`cfóh ma l` pjla` ljc`, qua mada gfr`r cjh i`cflfm`m y uhfijrkfm`m. Fhst`l`cfóh y tahsfóh tahsfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada l` prasahcf` ma parhjs y v`rfll`s ma ifo`cfóh ah al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` cjrra` maht`m` ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, tahfahmj ah cuaht` l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh pjr l` k`rc` pravf`kahta bacb`. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` cjrra` maht`m` ah l`s pjla`s ah al sfgufahta jrmah?
- rjmfllj guë`5 - djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh5 - àrdjl ma lav`s5 - djkd` ma ahirf`kfahtj. =. Cu`hmj =. Cu`hmj fhst`la l` cjrra` ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, `oÿstal` sjlj ` l` kft`m mal `hcbj y, maspuæs ma fhst`l`r al àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` pjla`, maslfca l` cjrra` sjdra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al p`s`mjr ma dljquaj mal vjl`hta. 9. @iljoa 9. @iljoa l` tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta y al parhj ma `ousta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y sualta laht`kahta al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh b`st` qua ahtra ah cjht`ctj cjh l` cjrra` maht`m`. Yualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma `ousta y l` tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta. 7. Gfra 7. Gfra al cfgüað`l mjs vualt`s cjkplat`s ah l` mfraccfóh ma tr`d`oj. 2. @iljoa 2. @iljoa kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh y l`ma tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta p`r` qua al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh tfra ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. Yualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma al `ousta y l` tuarc` mal puhtj pfvjta. 6. Cjkpruada 6. Cjkpruada qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al vjl`hta astæh `lfha`mjs. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, rapft` l` fhst`l`cfóh ma uh` cjrra` maht`m`. 0>. 0>. Fhst`l`cfóh Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs. 00. 00. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada l` prasahcf` ma parhjs y hÿclajs ma ifo`cfóh ah al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y `prfata l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m. Cu`hmj usa uh` ll`va ma 0> kk, `iljoa al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh gfràhmjlj b`cf` l` fzqufarm`. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh ah l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, tahfahmj ah cuaht` l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh pjr l` k`rc` pravf`kahta bacb`. 0=. 0=. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` cjrra` maht`m` ah l`s pjla`s ah al sfgufahta jrmah? - rjmfllj guë`5 - djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh5 - àrdjl ma lav`s5 - djkd` mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh5 - Kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh mal rjmfllj. 01. 01. @l @l fhst`l`r l` cjrra` ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, fhstàlal` sjlj ` l` kft`m mal `hcbj y, maspuæs ma fhst`l`r al àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` pjla`, maslfca l` cjrra` sjdra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 09. 09. @iljoa @iljoa l` tuarc` ma ratahcfóh ma l` pjla` tahsjr` ma k`har` qua al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh tfra ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfraal ljs parhjsmjs ma vualt`s ifo`cfóh cjkplat`s ma l`s pjla`s àrdjl ma ma lav`s y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al p`s`mjr ma dljquaj mal vjl`hta. 02. 02. Gfra Gfra cfgüað`l ah mal l` mfraccfóh tr`d`oj. 06. 06. @iljoa @iljoa l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m ma l` pjla` ma l` tuarc` ma tahsfóh, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l mjs vualt`s cjkplat`s. 4>. 4>. @iljoa @iljoa l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m ma l` pjla` tahsjr` ma k`har` qua al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh tfra ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y `prfata l` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh y al parhj ma tahsfóh. 40. 40. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al vjl`hta astæh `lfha`mjs. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, rapft` l` fhst`l`cfóh ma uh` cjrra` maht`m`. 44. 44. Fhst`l`cfóh Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
^jla`s maht`m`s Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s. ^`r` dljqua`r al aoa ma lav`s cjhtr` al gfrj, mada us`r uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l qua suoat` l` pjla` (j, ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, ratfra l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l y avfta qua gfra al aoa ma lav`s cjh uh` ll`va p`r` l` prjyaccfóh ahtra 3 y = lav`s).
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma `ousta ma uh` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Sf as hacas`rfj, alfkfh`r l` cl`va ma sagkahtj. Tavfsa al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s p`r` matact`r iug`s.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 4. @tjrhflla 4. @tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` y `prfætalj cjh al kjkahtj cjrraspjhmfahta, b`dfahmj ifo`mj pravf`kahta uh àrdjl ma lav`s p`r` qua hj gfra. 3. Sf 3. Sf sa ratfr`, fhst`la l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` pjla` y l` pl`c` irjht`l y `sagÿraljs cjh uh parhj ma 2 kk. 1. Ast`dlacar 1. Ast`dlacar uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. ^jla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
JTMAH TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. TatfraMAuh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s. ^`r` dljqua`r al aoa ma lav`s cjhtr` al gfrj, mada us`r uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l qua suoat` l` pjla` (j, ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, ratfra l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l y avfta qua gfra al aoa ma lav`s cjh uh` ll`va p`r` l` prjyaccfóh ahtra 3 y = lav`s).
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma `ousta ma uh` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Sf as hacas`rfj, alfkfh`r l` cl`va ma sagkahtj. Tavfsa al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s p`r` matact`r iug`s.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 4. @tjrhflla 4. @tjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` pjla` y `prfætalj cjh al kjkahtj cjrraspjhmfahta, b`dfahmj ifo`mj pravf`kahta uh àrdjl ma lav`s p`r` qua hj gfra. 3. Sf 3. Sf sa ratfr`, fhst`la l` cudfart` mal c`daz`l. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` pjla` y l` pl`c` irjht`l y `sagÿraljs cjh uh parhj ma 2 kk. 1. Ast`dlacar 1. Ast`dlacar uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. ^jla` mal cfguað`l Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. TatfraMAuh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ll`va ma sagkahtj mal cfgüað`l.
=. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada sf al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal cfgüað`l tfaha iug`s y, sf as hacas`rfj, càkdfalj. càkdfalj. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah al cfgüað`l y l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l cjh al cudj `l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. ^jla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 4. Tatfra ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma 2 kk qua suoat`h l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjhtr` al gfrj.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma 2 kk qua suoat`h l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjhtr` al gfrj. 3. Ah 3. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, l` pjla` puama ast`r aqufp`m` cjh uh axtr`ctjr, qua cjhsfsta ah uh` pl`c` `tjrhfll`m` ` l` pjla`. Ah ljs kjmaljs sfh axtr`ctjr, l` pjla` sa puama axtr`ar mal aoa cjh uh` pl`c` y mjs tjrhflljs qua sa `tjrhfll`h ah ljs jrfifcfjs prjvfstjs ah l` pjla`.
=. @sagura =. @sagura al aoa ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh p`r` avft`r qua gfra cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l.
1. Ah 1. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh axtr`ctjr fhtagr`mj, mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` y ratfra l` pjla`, `së cjkj l` ll`va ma sagkahtj mal aoa ma l` djkd`. 9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjmaljs sfh uh axtr`ctjr fhcjrpjr`mj, mas`tjrhflla p`rcf`lkahta l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla`, fhst`la uh axtr`ctjr fkprjvfs`mj y `prfata ljs mjs parhjs b`st` qua l` pjla` sa ratfra mal aoa ma l` djkd`.Tatfra l` pjla` y l` ll`va ma sagkahtj.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah l`ma r`hur` mal aoa ma l` djkd`. 4. Sf 4. Fhst`la Sf sa quftó al axtr`ct axtr`ctjr jr fhtagr`mj l` pjla`, `tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs mal axtr`ctjr ah l` pjla`. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` pjla` y `sagÿral` cjh l` tuarc`, `pratàhmjl` cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. @l kfskj tfakpj, avfta qua l` pjla` gfra. =. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua qua ljs parhjs y l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh astæh fhst`l`mjs ah ljs jrfifcfjs ma l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y al vjl`hta. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` cjrra` maht`m` ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh ma kjmj qua l`s k`rc`s bacb`s ah l` cjrra` y l` pjla` `htas ma l` axtr`ccfóh astæh `lfha`m`s. 9. @ousta 9. @ousta l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. ^jla` djkd` ma ahirf`kfah ahirf`kfahtj tj L` pjla` ma l` djkd` mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj sa prasfjh` sjdra al aoa ma l` djkd` y hj sa ratfr` pjr sap`r`mj ma l` djkd`. Al kjht`oa cjrractj mal kjtjr y al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`
KJ]JTAS MA 0.6 LF]TJS LF]TJS Al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh pjr cjrra` maht`m`, qua cjhst` ma uh rasjrta y uh ækdjlj, sa ahcuahtr` ah l` suspahsfóh maracb` ma l` fhst`l`cfóh, qua astà `tjrhfll`m` `l axtrakj mal kjtjr. Kjht`oa mal kjtjr maracbj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma ratfr`r l` suspahsfóh, al kjtjr mada ast`r `pjy`mj pjr pj r uh mfspjsftfvj ma alav`cfóh j g`tj `macu`mj ` tr`væs ma uh dljqua dl jqua ma k`mar`. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta al kjht`oa y kuav` tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s mal kjht`oa suparfjr ma l` suspahsfóh. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla tras tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh `l kjtjr y uh` tuarc` ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ` uh cuarpj. Tatfra l` suspahsfóh. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ]ahsjr ma cjrra` maht`m` L` udfc`cfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` ah al kjtjr. kjtjr. 0. ^arhjs ma suspahsfóh 4. Kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh mal ækdjlj. Cjrra` maht`m`.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` suspahsfóh y l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 4. @pjya 4. @pjya al kjtjr cjh uh g`tj ` tr`væs ma uh dljqua ma k`mar`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra al alakahtj ma suspahsfóh mal kjtjr.
=. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla y al vjl`hta y iëoaljs cjh parhjs y v`rfll`s. 1. @iljoa 1. @iljoa l` tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y al parhj ma `ousta, luagj gfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` qua al tjrhfllj ma `ousta astæ ah al cahtrj ma l` r`hur` y `prfætalj. 9. Jdsarva 9. Jdsarva l` mfraccfóh ma kjvfkfahtj ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y ratëral` ma l`s pjla`s. 7. B`g` 7. cjkprfkfraspacf`l al ækdjlj kac`hfskj ah l` B`g` aslfhg`uh` ma barr`kfaht` fhst`l`cfóh.L`p`r` barr`kfaht` astàmal mfsað`m` p`r`ma sutahsfóh fhst`l`cfóh ah ljs mjs jrfifcfjs fhiarfjras p`r` ljs parhjs ma suspahsfóh.
2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa fhiarfjras ma l` suspahsfóh a fhst`la l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l.Ludrfqua al fhtarfjr ma l` ma barr`kfaht` avft`r m`ðjs yah l` c`r` mal t`póh. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` mal puhtj pfvjta y alp`r` parhj ma `ousta ratfra al cjhouhtj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh.
6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh rast`htas y ratfra l` suspahsfóh. 0>. 0>. ^rasfjha ^rasfjha al ækdjlj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ah l` suspahsfóh, ratfra l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l y ratfra al ækdjlj y al rasjrta. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Tjmfllj guë` ma l` cjrra` maht`m` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
Kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra ljs l` cjrra` mama tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa jrfifcfjs kjht`oa ah l`s pjla`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s, l` djkd` ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla y al vjl`hta y iëoaljs cjh parhjs y v`rfll`s. 3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa l` tuarc` mal puhtj ma pfvjta mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` y al parhj ma `ousta, luagj gfra al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo p`r` `lfvf`r l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` y vualv` ` `prat`r al parhj ma `ousta.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh d`stfmjr mal rjmfllj ma mfraccfóh `l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, tahfahmj ah cuaht` qua al tjrhfllj suparfjr t`kdfæh suoat` uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh. 1. @iljoa 1. @iljoa ljs cu`trj parhjs ma kjht`oa, cjhsfmar`hmj qua al parhj suparfjr astà ah al fhtarfjr ma l` pl`c` irjht`l. Tatfra l` pjla` guë`. Kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj cahtr`l ma ifo`cfóh mal rjmfllj ma mfraccfóh y ratëralj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Àrdjl ma lav`s y t`ppats t`ppats Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` djkd` ma v`cëj mal irahj. =. L`s t`p`s L`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s astàh hukar`m`s masma al vjl`hta (ilacb`). Sf l`s cudfart`s hj astàh hukar`m`s, kàrqual`s ah al l`mj mal vjl`hta.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla gr`mu`lkahta l`s tuarc`s y ratfra l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra uh àrdjl ma lav`s ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal àrdjl ma lav`s mal l`mj ma l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh us`r uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj.
7. Qs`hmj 7. Qs`hmj uh` vahtjs` ma gjk`, ratfra ljs akpuo`mjras y cjlóqualjs ah al racfpfahta `prjpf`mj p`r` qua cu`hmj astæh fhst`l`mjs, c`fg`h ah su lug`r. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra l` cuð` ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` y guàrmal` cjh al akpuo`mjr `macu`mj. Kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l` djkd` ma v`cëj mal irahj. Tatfra al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta ` l` djkd` masma al axtrakj mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla ma `lfkaht`cfóh y ratjrhj ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma ratjrhj ma `cafta ma l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` c`o` mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 03. 03. @iljoa @iljoa y mastjrhflla gr`mu`l y sucasfv`kahta ljs 09 parhjs qua suoat`h al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 0=. 0=. Lav`hta Lav`hta al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh al àrdjl ma lav`s.
01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal axtrakj mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 09. 09. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l` pl`c` ma akpuoa mal àrdjl ma lav`s, ratfra l` pl`c` y ratfra al àrdjl ma lav`s mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
07. 07. ^rap`ra ^rap`ra 04 racfpfahtas ma plàstfcj y hukæraljs mal 0 `l 2 p`r` l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh y mal 0 `l = p`r` l`s vàlvul`s ma asc`pa.
02. 02. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l` pl`c` ma tjpa mal àrdjl ma lav`s, ratfra l` pl`c` y ratfra al àrdjl ma lav`s mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
06. 06. Tatfra Tatfra ljs dr`zjs ma l` vàlvul` (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`), l`s ouht`s (ijtj ma l` maracb`) y ljs t`quæs bfmràulfcjs y cjlóqualjs ah ljs cjhtahamjras `prjpf`mjs. 4>. 4>. Tatfra Tatfra al ifltrj ma `cafta ma l` cul`t`.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
Tavfsa l`s suparifcfas ma ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ljs cjhtjrhjs ma l` lav` p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma masg`sta. Sf b`y `lgÿh masg`sta, al àrdjl ma lav`s mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Yarfifqua al ast`mj ma l`s suparifcfas ma ljs cjofhatas ah al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s y al kuðóh mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Sf l`s suparifcfas ma ljs cjofhatas astàh masg`st`m`s, sa mada raakpl`z`r al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
Kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs. lftrjs. 0. Sf 0. Sf sa ratfr`, fhst`la l` cuð` ah al vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`. Ah hfhgÿh c`sj hj fhtarc`kdf`r ouht`s, y` qua L`s sap`r`cfjhas ma l`s vàlvul`s sa rjkparàh. 4. Ludrfqua 4. Ludrfqua cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma `cafta a fhst`la ljs akpuo`mjras. 3. Ludrfqua 3. Ludrfqua ljs cjhtjrhjs ma l`s lav`s y ljs cjofhatas mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la takpjr`lkahta l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l y `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa ah l` pjla` y l` cul`t`, l`s prjtudar`hcf`s mal cu`rtj cflfhmrj madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` `rrfd`. Tatfra l` pjla` a f hst`la al àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` cul`t`, y l`s prjyaccfjhas prjyaccfjhas mal cflfhmrj hÿkarj = madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` `rrfd`. Cjkpruada qua al cfgüað`l astæ dljqua`mj pjr l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` cudfart` mal cjofhata cahtr`l ma `cuarmj cjh l` k`rc` `htarfjr y `tjrhflla mjs j tras vualt`s cjh l`s tuarc`s. 9. @plfqua 9. @plfqua sall`mjr ` l` t`p` mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s (l`s àra`s ma `plfc`cfóh mal sall`mjr sa kuastr`h cjh ilacb`s), fhstàlal`s ah l` pjsfcfóh raquarfm` y `prfata l`s tuarc`s mjs j tras vualt`s.
7. @prfata 7. @prfata gr`mu`l y cjhsfstahtakahta tjm`s l`s tuarc`s `l tjrqua raquarfmj. 2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj l` v`rfll`, varfifqua al ouagj mal aoa mal àrdjl ma lav`s. ^`r` cjkprjd`r l` bjlgur` ` tjpa, kuav` al àrdjl ma lav`s ` uh axtrakj ma l` cul`t` a fhsarta l` bjo` ma l` sjhm` ahtra l`s suparifcfas ma tjpa ma uh` ma l`s jraoat`s mal àrdjl ma lav`s y l` t`p` mal cjofhata.
6. Sf 6. Sf sa ast`dlacfó `htas al àrdjl ma lav`s ratfr`mj, hj as hacas`rfj ragul`r l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s. Ma llj j cjhtr`rfj, cjkpruada y `ousta l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s. Cjkj l` cjrra` maht`m` `ÿh hj astà fhst`l`m`, as hacas`rfj gfr`r al cfgüað`l uh cu`rtj ma vualt` ah cu`lqufar mfraccfóh p`r` qua ljs pfstjhas astæh ah ljs cflfhmrjs ` l` kft`m ma l` c`rrar` mal pfstóh, as macfr. Hfhguhj ma ljs pfstjhas ast`d` ah al puhtj kuartj suparfjr. Astj avft`rà qua ljs pfstjhas y l`s vàlvul`s cjlfsfjhah cu`hmj cu`hmj al àrdjl ma lav`s gfr`.
0>. 0>. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlalj ah al àrdjl ma lav`s cjh ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj b`cf` `mahtrj. ^rasfóhalj ^rasfóhalj ah al zóc`lj `l r`s ccjh jh l` t`p` mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 00. 00. Sf Sf sa Huhc` gfr` al gfra cfgüað`l, as hacas`rfj gfr`rlj b`cf` `tràs cjkj p`r` qua mal prfkary ytarcarj cu`rtjpuamah cflfhmrjskjvarsa quamah`ah puhtj kuartj suparfjr. al cfgüað`l ah gr`hmas c`htfm`mas, y`t`htj qua Ljs pfstjhas ma ljs ljs pfstjhas cflfhmrjs saguhmj l` al pjsfcfóh mal puhtj kuartj suparfjr y cbjc`ràh cjh l`s vàlvul`s. 04. 04. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` v`rfll` v `rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh p`r` `sagur`r al vjl`hta.
03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 0=. 0=. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh` t`p` ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs 01. 01. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs kuðjhas mal àrdjl ma lav`s y ma ljs cjofhatas ah al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma `cafta a fhsarta l` c`o` mal cjofhata ah al àrdjl ma lav`s.Fhst`la l` pl`c` ma cjofhata y `sagÿral` cjh mjs tjrhflljs. 09. 09. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua ljs akpuo`mjras akpuo`mjras bfmràulfcjs y cjlóqualjs ah ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfahtas.
07. 07. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua l`s ouht`s y l`s p`l`hc`s y ccjlóqua jlóqual`s l`s sjdra l`s vàlvul`s cjrraspjhm cjrraspjhmfahtas fahtas (l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l`s ouht`s sa kuastr` ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`, l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` p`l`hc` ma l` vàlvul` sa ahcuahtr` ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`). 02. 02. Fhsarta Fhsarta al huavj ifltrj ma `cafta ah al jrfifcfj ma l` cul`t`.
06. 06. Ahgr`sa Ahgr`sa ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj ma uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj ma uh àrdjl ma lav`s y ast`dlazc` ah uh àrdjl ma lav`s.
4>. 4>. ^rasfjha ^rasfjha al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al zóc`lj cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh k`hmrfl.
40. 40. @plfqua @plfqua sall`mjr ahtra l` r`hur` y al djrma axtarfjr mal pl`hj mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s.
44. 44. Fhst`la Fhst`la al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s cjh al àrdjl ma lav`s ah l` cul`t`. Hj kuav` l`s p`l`hc`s ma l`s vàlvul`s. 43. 43. Fhst`la Fhst`la ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y `tjrhëlaljs ah uh` sacuahcf` ah aspfr`l, masma al cahtrj b`cf` `iuar`, `prat`hmj gr`mu`lkahta ljs parhjs `l p`r raquarfmj. 4=. 4=. Yualv` Yualv` ` cjhact`r l` k`hguar` ma ratjrhj ma `cafta ` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 41. 41. Cjhacta Cjhacta l`s lëha`s ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj ` ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 49. 49. @sagÿrasa @sagÿrasa ma qua al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta astæ ah su lug`r a fhst`la uh` djkd` ma v`cëj ma irahj. 47. 47. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 42. 42. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. Cjkprjd`r y `oust`r l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`. Càlculj mal aspasjr mal `ousta ma l` vàlvul`. vàlvul`.
@. Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m` 3. Ouagj hjrk`l A. Yàlvul` ma s`lfm` =. Aspasjr ma l` c`lz` fhst`l`m` 0. Ouagj kamfmj 1. Aspasjr c`lcul`mj ma l` c`lz` huav` 4. Mfiarahcf` ahtra 0 y 3 Cjkprjd`r
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ma l`s vàlvul`s mada b`carsa maspuæs ma l` `p`rfcfóh ma vàlvul`s ma gjlpa, ravfsfóh mal kjtjr j cu`hmj sa ramuca l` TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua al `ousta pjtahcf` mal kjtjr. Cjkprjd`r y `oust`r ah uh kjtjr irëj. 4. @prfata 4. @prfata al irahj ma k`hj, lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y ratfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma `l` ma plàstfcj p`r` `ccamar `l parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. =. Gfra =. Gfra al cfgüað`l cjh al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma l` pjla` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astæh `lfha`mjs y dljquaa l` pjla` cjh l` v`rfll` ma `ousta. ^`r` i`cflft`r al `rr`hqua, masahrjsqua ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` cul`t`. 9. Mfduoa 9. Mfduoa al cfrcuftj mal kjtjr y hukara ljs cflfhmrjs mal 0 `l =. Al cflfhmrj 0 astà ah al l`mj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Ah c`m` cflfhmrj mfduoa l`s vàlvul`s ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa. Sjdra c`m` cflfhmrj ma l` ifgur`, mfduo` mjs lëha`s bjrfzjht`las. Ah l` lëha` # 0, ragfstra al asp`cfj lfdra ra`l ma tjm`s l`s vàlvul`s, y ah l` lëha` # 4, l` l ` c`htfm`m pjr l` cu`l sa mada c`kdf`r al asp`c asp`cfj fj lfdra p`r` jdtahar al asp`cfj raquarfmj. 7. Gfra 7. Gfra al cfgüað`l b`st` qua l` vàlvul` ma `mkfsfóh mal cflfhmrj 0 astæ cjkplat`kahta carr`m`, as macfr, L` lav` mal àrdjl ma lav`s ah ast` vàlvul` mada ast`r b`cf` `rrfd`.
2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj l` v`rfll` kamfmjr`, kfm` al asp`cfj ahtra l` d`sa ma l` lav` y al akpuo`mjr. Tagfstra aall asp`cfj lfdra ra`l ah l` lëha` hÿkarj 0 irahta ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta. 6. Tapft` 6. Tapft` l` kamfcfóh p`r` l`s sfata vàlvul`s rast`htas, gfr`hmj al cfgüað`l sagÿh sa` hacas`rfj p`r` qua l` lav` ma l` vàlvul` qua sa astà prjd`hmj `puhta b`cf` `rrfd`. 0>. 0>. C`lcula C`lcula l` mfiarahcf` ahtra l` `utjrfz`cfóh ra`l y l` raquarfm` y `hótal` ah l` lëha` 4. 00. 00. Sf Sf tjmjs ljs buacjs astàh mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas raquarfmjs, fhst`la l` cudfart` ma l` cul`t`, fhst`la uh` cudfart` ma plàstfcj mad`oj mal `l`, fhst`la l` ruam` y d`oa al `utjkóv `utjkóvfl. fl. Sf al asp`cfj ra`l hj as cjrractj, sa madah b`car `oust `oustas. as. @ousta JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al àrdjl ma lav`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al prfkar akpuo`mjr ma l` c`daz` y ratfra l` cuð` ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` vàlvul`. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta al c`lca y kfm` su grjsjr cjh uh kfcrókatrj. L`s c`lz`s sualah ast`r k`rc`m`s, parj su grjsjr puama ramucfrsa madfmj `l masg`sta. 3. Taifrfæhmjsa 3. Taifrfæhmjsa ` l` kamfcfóh ma l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`, as hacas`rfj matarkfh`r al grjsjr ma l` c`lz` huav`. Sf l` bjlgur` ra`l ma l` vàlvul` ar` k`yjr qua l` raquarfm`, al grjsjr ma l` cuð` madarë` fhcrakaht`rsa ah l` c`htfm`m ragfstr`m` ah l` lëha` 4 jpuast` ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta. Sf l` bjlgur` ra`l ma l` vàlvul` ar` kahjr qua l` raquarfm`, al grjsjr ma l` cuð` mada ramucfrsa ah l` c`htfm`m ragfstr`m` ah l` lëha` Hj. 4 jpuast` ` l` vàlvul` cjrraspjhmfahta. =. Ah =. Ah l` ifgur`, mfduoa tras lëha`s bjrfzjht`las mad`oj ma c`m` vàlvul`. Ah l` lëha` =, ragfstra al aspasjr kamfmj ma l` cuð`, luagj suka j rasta al v`ljr ragfstr`mj ah l` lëha` 4. Al rasult`mj as uh grjsjr ma l` ouht` qua mada `oust`rsa p`r` jdtahar uh` bjlgur` óptfk` ma l` vàlvul`. Mada ast`r ascrftj ah l` lëha` hÿkarj 1. 1. Tapft` 1. Tapft` al prjcamfkfahtj p`r` salaccfjh`r uh` huav` pl`c` ma `ousta p`r` l`s vàlvul`s rast`htas. 9. @l 9. fhst`l`r uh` huav` ouht`, fhst`la` kamfr su k`rc` b`cf` `d`oj. Ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` cuð`, fhst`la ljs akpuo`mjras. 7. Fhst`la 7. @l Fhst`la al àrdjl ma lav`s y vualv` l` bjlgur` ma l` vàlvul`. Tatfr`m` a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh c`daz`l mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs (kjtjras 0.6 lftrjs). @mvartahcf` Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, madfmj `l `ccasj lfkft`mj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, as hacas`rfj quft`r al kjtjr p`r` quft`r l` cul`t`.
Sacuahcf` ma `prfata ma ljs tjrhflljs ma cul`t`. cul`t`.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Y`cëa 4. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra ljs cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, ratfra al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh, masahrjsqua al kjht`oa mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa y mascjhæctalj ma l` c`daz`. Ah asta c`sj, al cjlactjr ma asc`pa puama park`hacar ah su lug`r cjh al turdjcjkprasjr. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, ratfra al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh, masahrjsqua al kjht`oa mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa y mascjhæctalj ma l` c`daz`. Ah asta c`sj, al cjlactjr ma asc`pa puama park`hacar ah su lug`r cjh al turdjcjkprasjr. 1. Ifoa 1. Ifoa al cjlactjr cjh al turdjcjkprasjr ah cjhsacuahcf`. Hj maijrka l` tudarë` qua sukfhfstr` `cafta `l turdjcjkprasjr. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj ma cjkdustfdla ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta l`s lëha`s ma sukfhfstrj s ukfhfstrj ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla ma l js fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y ratfra l`s lëha`s. lë ha`s. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa y ratfra al c`dla ma `lfkaht`cfóh ma l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma rairfgar`hta mal axtrakj tr`sarj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. 0>. 0>. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma rairfgar`hta paquað` ma l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` cul`t` ah al l`mj ma l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. 00. 00. ]jka ]jka uh` k`hguar` ratjrh`dla ma cjkdustfdla ma ljs tfr`htas ah uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y mæoal` ` uh l`mj. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla / tarkjst`tj. 0=. 0=. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh` tuarc` j uh` crak`llar` ma suoacfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma uh` k`hguar` ma uh lëqufmj rairfgar`hta y kuav` uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh `l axtrakj ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra al kac`hfskj ma uh` tahsfóh ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa y al kjht`oa mal kjtjr maracbj. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra al rjmfllj guë` ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 02. 02. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla uh parhj ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` pl`c` mal`htar` mal kjtjr ` uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh.
06. 06. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` y uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh mal gahar`mjr y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y ratfra uh` pl`c` mal`htar` mal kjtjr. 4>. 4>. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla gr`mu`lkahta ljs parhjs ma l` cul`t` ah al jrmah fhvarsj qua sa kuastr` ah l` ifg. ifg. L` sacuahcf` ma `prat`r ljs tjrhflljs ma l` cul`t` . 40. 40. Tatfra Tatfra ljs tjrhflljs cjh `r`hmal`s. 44. 44. ^`r` ^`r` sap`r`r l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, cjljqua mjs v`rfll`s ma `carj mjdl`m`s ah àhgulj ractj ah ljs jrfifcfjs p`r` ljs parhjs y, y , prasfjhàhmj prasfjhàhmjljs ljs b`cf` `rrfd` y b`cf` `d`oj, sap`ra l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Hj sap`ra l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs fhsart`hmj uh` p`l`hc` ahtra l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj, y` qua astj puama m`ð`r l` ouht` y l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` cul`t` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
43. 43. Tatfra Tatfra l` cul`t` y l` ouht`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Gfra 0. Gfra al cfgüað`l ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` qua tjmjs ljs pfstjhas astæh fhst`l`mjs ah al kamfj ma l` c`rrar` mal pfstóh. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` ouht` raquarfm` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cjh kuasc`s ah al l`mj mal vjl`hta. Cjkpruada qua al p`s`mjr ma guë` astæ ah su lug`r. 3. Ast`dlacar 3. Ast`dlacar uh` c`daz` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. =. ]r`ta =. ]r`ta l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma ljs tjrhflljs y l` l ` d`sa ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs cjh Kjlyejta G T`pfm ^lus. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la ljs parhj parhjss cjh `r`hma `r`hmal`s l`s ah l` l ` c`daz` y `tjrhëlla `tjrhëllaljs. ljs. 9. @prfata 9. @prfata ljs parhjs ma k`har` gr`mu`l y sacuahcf`l cjh al p`r raquarfmj (p`sj 05 va` l` Ifg. @prfata @prfata ljs parhjs p`r` suoat`r l` cul`t` cul`t` ). 7. Yualv` 7. Yualv` ` `prat`r ljs parhjs `l p`r aspacfifc`mj (p`sj 4). 2. Gfra 2. Gfra ljs tjrhfllj tjrhflljss `l àhgu àhgulj lj masa`mj. L` ffhst`l`cfóh hst`l`cfóh `m `mfcfjh`l fcfjh`l sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Salaccfóh ma l` ouht` ma cul`t` cul`t`.. ^rjtudar`hcf` mal pfstóh pfstóh
Fmahtfifc`cfóh ma aspasjr aspasjr
Ma >,1= ` >,91 kk.
0 kuasc`
>.91 ` >.77 kk Ma >,77 ` >,24 kk.
4 kuasc`s 3 kuasc`s
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh sa ratfr` ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l `htas ma fhst`l`r ljs pfstjhas ma ljs cflfhmrjs 0¿ y =¿ ah ]MC.Fhst`la al fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta ah al sjpjrta ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Fhst`la l` puht` ma kamfcfóh ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y cjljqua l` asc`l` mal fhmfc`mjr ah carj. Fhst`la l` sjhm` ah al pfstóh mal prfkar cflfhmrj y gfra al cfgüað`l lfgar`kahta ah `kd`s mfraccfjhas. mfraccfjha s. @hjta al v`ljr kàs `ltj ah al fhmfc`mjr y ragfstra asta v`ljr. 4. Ma 4. Ma k`har` sfkfl`r, kfm` l` prjtudar`hcf` mal pfstóh ah al cflfhmrj =, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l 02> ¾ y rapft` l`s kamfcfjhas ma l` prjtudar`hcf` mal pfstóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs 4 y 3.
3. Ah 3. Ah `usahcf` ma uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta, l` c`htfm`m ma s`lfahta ma ljs pfstjhas sa puama kamfr cjh uh c`lfdr`mjr, parj cjh kahjs pracfsfóh. =. Qs`hmj =. Qs`hmj l` prjtudar`hcf` kàs gr`hma mal pfstóh, matarkfha l` ouht` ma cul`t` raquarfm` (cjrtas @ qua fhmfc`h al grjsjr ma l` ouht`). ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua ljs cjrtas ah l` ouht`, udfc`mjs kàs carc` mal cahtrj, sjh cjrtas ma fmahtfifc`cfóh (D) y hj tfahah fkpjrt`hcf` p`r` al aspasjr ma l` ouht`.
Cjkpruada ljs parhjs ma cul`t` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sa 0. Sa racjkfahm` raakpl`z`r ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj c`m` vaz qua sa ratfra l` c`daz`. 4. Kfm` 4. Kfm` l` ljhgftum mal parhj masma l` d`sa ma l` c`daz` mal parhj b`st` al axtrakj mal parhj y cjkpàralj cjh al v`ljr raquarfmj. Cjh uh` ljhgftum ma parhj ma 0=1.>–0=9.1 kk, as pjsfdla rautflfz`r ljs parhjs cjh `r`hmal`s, y p`r` l`s kàs l`rg`s, mada raakpl`z`r ljs parhjs y `r`hmal`s cjh jtrjs huavjs. Taakpl`zj ma l` ouht` tórfc` mal cfgüað`l
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 4. Kfm` 4. Kfm` l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, t`l`mra mjs paquaðjs jrfifcfjs ah al axtrakj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, `tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas y `lfc`tas, matràs ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs, s`qua al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal zóc`lj. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y ll`` suparifcfa ma sall`mj mal cfgüað cf güað`l. `l.
1. Sukaro` 1. Sukaro` uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj ah `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlalj ah l` r`hur` ` l` prjiuhmfm`m kamfm` pravf`kahta utflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl `macu`mj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Ouht` tórfc` maracb` mal cfgüað`l JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. 4. Kfm` 4. Kfm` l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, t`l`mra mjs paquaðjs jrfifcfjs ah al axtrakj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, `tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas `utjrrjsc`htas y `lfc`tas, `lfc`tas, matràs ma ll`s `s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhfl tjrhflljs, ljs, s`qua al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal zóc`lj. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y ll`` suparifcfa ma sall`mj mal cfgüað cf güað`l. `l. 1. Sukaro` 1. Sukaro` uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj ah `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlalj ah l` r`hur` ` l` prjiuhmfm`m kamfm` pravf`kahta utflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl `macu`mj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Ouht` tórfc` fzqufarm` mal cfgüað`l JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al vjl`hta y al akdr`gua. 4. Kfm` 4. Kfm` l` prjiuhmfm`m ma fhst`l`cfóh mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` utflfz`hmj uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, t`l`mra mjs paquaðjs jrfifcfjs ah al axtrakj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, `tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas y `lfc`tas, matràs ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs, s`qua al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal zóc`lj. Lfkpfa al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y l` suparifcfa ma sall`mj mal cfgüað`l. Sukaro` uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlal` ah l` r`hur` ` l` prjiuhmfm`m kamfm` pravf`kahta cjh uh k`hmrfl `macu`mj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al vjl`hta. @hfllj ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s maracbj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, t`l`mra mjs jrfifcfjs paquaðjs ah al axtrakj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, `tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas y usa `lfc`tas p`r` qua l`s c`daz`s ma ljs tjrhflljs s`quah al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal zóc`lj.
3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa al `sfahtj ma l` ouht` tórfc` y l` suparifcfa ma sall`mj mal àrdjl ma lav`s. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua l` huav` ouht` tórfc` cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj a fhstàlal` ah al àrdjl ma lav`s. 1. ^rasfjha 1. ^rasfjha al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al zóc`lj utflfz`hmj uh parhj K0> cjh uh` `r`hmal` `macu`m`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` pjla` mal àrdjl ma lav`s. @hfllj ma cfarra mal àrdjl àrdjl ma lav`s fz fzqufarmj qufarmj L` ouht` tórfc` sa utflfz` cjkj sallj mal àrdjl ma lav`s fzqufarmj. Al `hfllj ma sall`mj sa puama raakpl`z`r maspuæs ma mas`tjrhfll`r al parhj ma l` pl`c` ma l` cul`t`Tap`r`cfjh cul`t` Tap`r`cfjh ma kjtjr
Cul`t` Cul`t` Kàxfk` pl`hftum ma l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj? - kjtjras RQ - kjtjras RQM ^rjyaccfóh ^rjyaccf óh ma càk`r` ma vórtfca ah kjtjras mfasal.
>.>1 kk >.>7 kk > - >.>3 kk
Y`lvul`s Y`lvul`s Al mfàkatrj mal mfscj ma l` vàlvul`. Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m`? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs.
=0.9 kk
• kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
• kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs. • Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
Yàlvul` ma asc`pa? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`?
32.9 kk 33.6 kk
• Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs.
3=.7 kk
• kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
• kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal?
• Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs.
33.> kk
• Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
33.6 kk
Al mfàkatrj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`. Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m`? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs.. • Kjtjr 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
7.23 - 7.62 kk sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs. • Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
7.66 kk 2,>>1 kk
Yàlvul` ma asc`pa? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. • Kjtjr 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
0>2.37 kk sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs. • Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
000.21 kk 040.6 kk
Dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cflfhmrjs ]`l`mrj Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 lf trjs.
• grupj @
23,>>> - 23,>0> kk
• grupj D
23,>0> - 23,>4> kk
• grupj C - Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
23.>4> - 23.>3> kk sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs? lf trjs? • cl`sfifc`mj
23,>>> - 23,>02 kk
• `ukahtj ma T0
23,4>> - 23,402 kk
• `ukahtj ma T4
23,1>> - 23,102 kk
• `ukahtj ma T3
23,2>> - 23,202 kk
- Kjtjras ma 4.0 lf trjs. • cl`sfifc`mj
21,>>> - 21,>02 kk
• `ukahtj ma T0
21.>3> - 21.>=2 kk
• `ukahtj ma T4
21,41> - 21,492 kk 21.9>> - 21.902 kk
• `ukahtj ma T3
L` prjtudar`hcf` mal ravastfkfahtj sjdra al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs (sjlj ah ljs kjtjras cjh dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ma `lukfhfj)? Hjkfh`l
>.>3 - >.0> kk
L` mfiarahcf` kàxfk` ahtra mjs k`hg`s
>.>1 kk
^fstjhas ^fstjhas Mfàkatrj mal pfstóh Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`?
- Kjtjr Kjtjras as ma 0,9 lftrjs. • grupj @
24.69> ° >.>>7 kk
• grupj D
24.67> ° >.>>7 kk 24,62> ° >,>>7 kk
• grupj C
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs? lf trjs? • cl`sfifc`mj
24.63> - 24.636 kk
• 0ar k`ghfifc`mj
23,03> - 23,036 kk
• 4mj axtahmfmj
23,=3> - 23,=36 kk
• 3ar axtahmfmj
23,73> - 23,736 kk
- Kjtjras ma 4.0 lf trjs. • cl`sfifc`mj
2=.64> - 2=.646 kk
• 0ar k`ghfifc`mj • 4mj axtahmfmj
2=.61> - 2=.616 kk 21,07> - 21,076 kk
• 3ar axtahmfmj
21.14> - 21.146 kk
Cfgüað`l Cfgüað`l
Ouagj `xf`l
>.>7 - >, 34 kk
Al mfàkatrj mal cuallj mal cjofhata prfhcfp`l Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs?
• cl`sfifc`mj
16.620 - 9>.>>> kk
• ramucfmj
16.920 - 16.7>> kk
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs. Kjtjras mfasal?
sfh m`tjs
- c`lfifc c`lfifc`mj `mj
9>.> + > - >.>06 kk
- ramucfmj
16.7 + > - >.>06 kk
Mfàkatrj mal cuallj mal cjofhata ma dfal` Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs? • cl`sfifc`mj
=6.62= - 1>.>>> kk
• ramucfmj
=6,92= - =6,7>> kk.
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - c`lfifc c`lfifc`mj `mj - ramucfmj Mfst`hcf` ma rjm`kfahtj Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`?
1>.> + > - >.>09 kk =6.7 + > - >.>09 kk
- Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs? - Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
>.>41 - >.>1> kk sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal
>.>41 - >.>1> kk
Ouagj ma cjofhatas ma dfal` (tjmjs ljs kjmaljs)
>.>41 - >.>1> kk
@rjs ma pfstjh pfstjh @utjrfz`cfjhas ma c`stfllj Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh suparfjr? • Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs.
>.= - >.9 kk
• Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
>.3 - >.1 kk
- `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh kamfj? • Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs.
>.01 - >.31 kk
• Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
>.3 - >.1 kk
- `hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta fhiarfjr
>.3 - >.1 kk
Kjtjras mfasal? - @hflljs ma cjkprasfóh suparfjr y kamfj.
>.4> - >.=> kk
- `hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta
>,41 - >,1> kk
Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc`
Cul`t` Cul`t` Kàxfk` pl`hftum ma l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj? - kjtjras RQ
>.>1 kk
- kjtjras RQM ^rjyaccfóh ^rjyaccf óh ma càk`r` ma vórtfca ah kjtjras mfasal.
>.>7 kk > - >.>3 kk
Y`lvul`s Y`lvul`s Al mfàkatrj mal mfscj ma l` vàlvul`.
Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m`? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. • kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs
=0.9 kk sfh m`tjs
• kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs.
32.9 kk
• Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
33.6 kk
Yàlvul` ma asc`pa? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs.
3=.7 kk
• kjtjr ma 0.2 lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
• kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs
sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs.
33.> kk
• Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
33.6 kk
Al mfàkatrj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`.
Yàlvul` ma ahtr`m`? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs.. • Kjtjr 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
7.23 - 7.62 kk sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs. • Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
7.66 kk 2,>>1 kk
Yàlvul` ma asc`pa? - kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? • Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs. • Kjtjr 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
0>2.37 kk sfh m`tjs
- kjtjras mfæsal? • Kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs. • Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs.
000.21 kk 040.6 kk
Dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cflfhmrjs ]`l`mrj Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 lf trjs. • grupj @
23,>>> - 23,>0> kk
• grupj D
23,>0> - 23,>4> kk
• grupj C
23.>4> - 23.>3> kk
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs? lf trjs? • cl`sfifc`mj
23,>>> - 23,>02 kk
• `ukahtj ma T0
23,4>> - 23,402 kk
• `ukahtj ma T4
23,1>> - 23,102 kk
• `ukahtj ma T3
23,2>> - 23,202 kk
- Kjtjras ma 4.0 lf trjs. • cl`sfifc`mj
21,>>> - 21,>02 kk
• `ukahtj ma T0
21.>3> - 21.>=2 kk
• `ukahtj ma T4
21,41> - 21,492 kk
• `ukahtj ma T3
21.9>> - 21.902 kk
L` prjtudar`hcf` mal ravastfkfahtj sjdra al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs (sjlj ah ljs kjtjras cjh dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ma `lukfhfj)? Hjkfh`l L` mfiarahcf` kàxfk` ahtra mjs k`hg`s
>.>3 - >.0> kk >.>1 kk
^fstjhas ^fstjhas Mfàkatrj mal pfstóh Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjras ma 0,9 lf trjs. • grupj @
24.69> ° >.>>7 kk
• grupj D
24.67> ° >.>>7 kk
• grupj C
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
24,62> ° >,>>7 kk sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs? lf trjs?
• cl`sfifc`mj
24.63> - 24.636 kk
• 0ar k`ghfifc`mj
23,03> - 23,036 kk
• 4mj axtahmfmj
23,=3> - 23,=36 kk 23,73> - 23,736 kk
• 3ar axtahmfmj
- Kjtjras ma 4.0 lf trjs. • cl`sfifc`mj
2=.64> - 2=.646 kk
• 0ar k`ghfifc`mj
2=.61> - 2=.616 kk
• 4mj axtahmfmj
21,07> - 21,076 kk
• 3ar axtahmfmj
21.14> - 21.146 kk
Cfgüað`l Cfgüað`l Ouagj `xf`l
>.>7 - >, 34 kk
Al mfàkatrj mal cuallj mal cjofhata prfhcfp`l Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs? • cl`sfifc`mj • ramucfmj
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
16.620 - 9>.>>> kk 16.920 - 16.7>> kk sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - c`lfifc c`lfifc`mj `mj
9>.> + > - >.>06 kk
- ramucfmj
16.7 + > - >.>06 kk
Mfàkatrj mal cuallj mal cjofhata ma dfal`
Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs? • cl`sfifc`mj • ramucfmj
- Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
=6.62= - 1>.>>> kk =6,92= - =6,7>> kk. sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal? - c`lfifc c`lfifc`mj `mj
1>.> + > - >.>09 kk
- ramucfmj
=6.7 + > - >.>09 kk
Mfst`hcf` ma rjm`kfahtj Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - Kjtjr ma 0.9 lftrjs? - Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
>.>41 - >.>1> kk sfh m`tjs
Kjtjras mfasal
>.>41 - >.>1> kk
Ouagj ma cjofhatas ma dfal` (tjmjs ljs kjmaljs)
>.>41 - >.>1> kk
@rjs ma pfstjh pfstjh @utjrfz`cfjhas ma c`stfllj
Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh suparfjr? • Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs.
>.= - >.9 kk
• Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
>.3 - >.1 kk
- `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh kamfj?
• Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs. • Kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs.
- `hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta fhiarfjr Kjtjras mfasal?
>.01 - >.31 kk >.3 - >.1 kk >.3 - >.1 kk
- @hflljs ma cjkprasfóh suparfjr y kamfj.
>.4> - >.=> kk
- `hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta
>,41 - >,1> kk
Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal kjtjr y c`o` ma c`kdfjs. @mvartahcf` Al kjtjr sjlj sa puama s`c`r mal `utjkóvfl cjh l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs.
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljqua 0. Cjljqua al `utjkóvfl ah uh` pl`t`ijrk` bjrfzjht`l pl`h`, dljquaa l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s, lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s mjs ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. @dr` 4. @dr` al c`pó y `sagÿralj ah pjsfcfóh vartfc`l. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. =. Y`cëa =. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra `kdjs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma `mkfsfóh. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra al sjpjrta ma sjpjrta mal ifltrj ma `fra.
7. Ah 7. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla y l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` ACQ. 2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal cuarpj mal `calar`mjr j l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra ljs c`dlas, cjhactjra cjhactjrass y jtrjs cjkpjhahta cjkpjhahtass mal axtrakj irjht irjht`l `l fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. 00. 00. Y`cëa Y`cëa al `cafta mal kjtjr y ratfra al ifltrj ma `cafta. Lfkpfa a fhst`la al t`póh ma mrah`oa, `pratàhmjlj cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. 04. 04. Y`cëa Y`cëa al `cafta ma l` tr`hskfsfóh, fhst`la ljs t`pjhas ma mrah`oa y ma llah`mj y `prfætaljs `l p`r ma `prfata raquarfmj. 03. 03. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta ljs c`dlas ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
0=. 0=. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla ma tr`hskfsfóh mal valjcëkatrj j al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj mal cjhvartfmjr ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 01. 01. Cjh Cjh uh` cucbfll` ma mastjrhfll`mjr cjkj p`l`hc`, mascjhacta al kac`hfskj ma salaccfóh ma ahgr`h`oas ma l` rótul` cjrraspjhmfahta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra al sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla mal akdr`gua ma l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y mascjhæctalj ma l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. Ah ljs kjtjras mfæsal ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra al cflfhmrj ascl`vj mal akdr`gua. 02. 02. Tatfra Tatfra l` djkd` ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm`, sfh mas`tjrhfll`r l`s k`hguar`s bfmràulfc`s. Qs`hmj uh c`dla su`va, cualgua l` djkd` laojs mal kjtjr. 06. 06. Tatfra Tatfra al gahar`mjr. 4>. 4>. Ah Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh `cjhmfcfjh`mjr, mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma suoacfóh mal cjkprasjr y, utflfz`hmj uh c`dla su`va, iëoalj ` uh l`mj mal kjtjr. 40. 40. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma l` suspahsfóh `mfcfjh`l ma l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 44. 44. Tatfra Tatfra al r`mf`mjr. 43. 43. Ah Ah vabëculjs cjh kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`, ra`lfca l`s sfgufahtas `ccfjhas? - masprasurfz`r al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla y mascjhact`r l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj5 -- mascjha mascjhact`r ct`rl`ljsvàlvul` cjhactjr cjhactjras alæctrfcjsmal malcjlactjr sfstak`ma ma`mkfsfóh5 ccjkdustfd jkdustfdla5 la5 mascjhacta ma as vahtfl`cfóh - Tatfra al tudj ma asc`pa mal`htarj. 4=. 4=. Ah Ah ljs kjmaljs mfæsal, mascjhacta al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj. 41. 41. Sualta Sualta l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l`s k`hguar`s mal c`laht`mjr mal `m`pt`mjr ah l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
49. 49. ]r`ca ]r`ca al k`zj ma c`dlas masma al kjtjr b`st` al cjhactjr ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras, ratfra ljs `hflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra ljs cjhactjras, `hjt`hmj su udfc`cfóh (ilacb`). Yarfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras astæh mascjhact`mjs y qua al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj sa b`y` ratfr`mj ma ljs sjpjrtas y ljs sjpjrtas, y qua hj fhtarifar` fhtarifar` cjh l` axtr`cc axtr`ccfóh fóh mal kjtjr.
47. 47. Ahg`hcba Ahg`hcba al kac`hfskj ma alav`cfóh ma c`rg` p`r` l`s suspahsfjhas ah l` cul`t` y lavàhtalj b`st` qua al kac`hfskj ma alav`cfóh ma c`rg` parcfd` al pasj mal kjtjr. 42. 42. Tatfra Tatfra l` suspahsfóh maracb` a fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. 46. 46. Masma Masma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl, mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs qua `sagur`h ljs tjpas ma maspl`z`kfahtj `l d`stfmjr fhiarfjr y `l kjtjr y ratëraljs. 3>. 3>. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs qua fkpfmah l` axtr`ccfóh mal kjtjr sa alfkfhah j masb`dflftah.
30. 30. Lav`hta Lav`hta al kjtjr p`r` s`c`rlj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh @DS, mada tahar kucbj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al @DS ah al prjcasj ma axtr`ccfóh mal kjtjr.
34. 34. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma ratfr`r al kjtjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, cjlóqualj ah al pfsj irahta `l `utjkóvfl. Sap`r`hmj l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs mal kjtjr. kjtjr. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` ah l`s d`rr`s `prjpf`m`s. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` pl`c` ma prjtaccfóh fhiarfjr mal vjl`hta ma l` c`rc`s` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal aoa. K`rqua l` udfc`cfóh mal aoa mal akdr`gua ah ral`cfóh cjh l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra al `rr`hc`mjr. 1. Yarfifqua 1. Yarfifqua qua al kjtjr y l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas astæh dfah dljqua`mjs. Luagj, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs rast`htas qua suoat`h l` c`rc`s` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l kjtjr. 9. Cjh 9. Cjh cufm`mj, sap`ra l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs mal kjtjr p`r` qua al pasj ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs hj prasfjha al aoa ma ahtr`m`. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`. 2. Ah 2. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh akdr`gua `ccfjh`mj pjr c`dla, b`g` uh` saguhm` k`rc` ma l` pjsfcfóh ral`tfv` ma l` bjrqufll` maspuæs ma ratfr`rl`. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjhact`r 0. Cjhact`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `l kjtjr. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh fhst`l`mjs ah al kjtjr j l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma lfdar`cfóh pjr c`dla, fhst`la al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh `htas ma vjlvar ` fhst`l`rlj p`r` qua l` k`rc` ah al aoa sa `lfhaa cjh l` saguhm` k`rc` ah l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah al kjtjr ah ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`. 1. Ah 1. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh akdr`gua `ccfjh`mj pjr c`dla, cjkpruada qua l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh astàh cjrract`kahta fhst`l`mjs, as macfr, l` k`rc` ah l` bjrqufll` sa `lfhaó cjh l` k`rc` jrfgfh`l bacb` ah l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 9. Ast`dlazc` 9. Ast`dlazc` y `prfata ljs tjrhflljs ma kjkahtj axfgfmjs p`r` l` ifo`cfóh ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh `l kjtjr.
7. Fhst`l`r 7. Fhst`l`r al `rr`hc`mjr y `tjrhfll`rlj. 2. Ah 2. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh ma c`dla, fhst`la l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh lfdar`cf óh mal akdr`gua ah al al aoa y `oÿstal` cjh ljs parhjs. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l` pl`c` prjtactjr` fhiar fhiarfjr fjr mal vjl`hta ah l` c`o` mal tr`hsao tr`hsaoaa y `sagÿral` `sagÿral` cjh ljs parhjs. parhjs. 0>. 0>. Ahg`hcba Ahg`hcba al kjtjr cjh uh mfspjsftfvj ma alav`cfóh a fhstàlalj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 00. 00. Ah Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`, sf as hacas`rfj, fhclëhal` y gëral` ma kjmj qua sa ast`dlazc` ah uh lug`r, sfh c`us`r m`ðj. 04. 04. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` al sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh maracbj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`, `prat`hmj ah ast` at`p` l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs sjlj uh` k`hj. 03. 03. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` al sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh fzqufarmj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`, `pratàhmjljs sjlj uh` k`hj. 0=. 0=. Masma Masma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl, ast`dlazc` l` p`r`m` ma maspl`z`kfahtj. 01. 01. Gfra Gfra al kjtjr b`cf` ljs l`mjs p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma l` suspahsfóh astæh ah su lug`r, luagj `prfætaljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj y masahg`hcba al kac`hfskj ma alav`cfóh. 09. 09. Fhst`l`cfóh Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma kjtjras cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`. @mvartahcf` Al kjtjr sa ratfr` mal c`rrj sjlj cjh l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. L` axtr`ccfóh sa ra`lfz` ma l` kfsk` k`har` qua l` axtr`ccfóh mal kjtjr cjh uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs k`hu`l, axcaptj pjr l`s sfgufahtas mfiarahcf`s. Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra l` rótul` ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr`. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma ifo`cfóh mal c`dla `l sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. 4. T`straa 4. T`straa al c`dla`mj masma al fhtarruptjr kultfiuhcfóh `l cjhactjr. Sap`ra al cjhactjr mal sjpjrta y mascjhæctalj. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj ah al cjhactjr gr`hma `my`cahta `l sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. =. Suoata =. Suoata cjh `dr`z`mar`s l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s mjs k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh mal ahirf`mjr. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal sjpjrta udfc`mj sjdra al ahirf`mjr y axtràfg`lj. 7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta al c`dla ma tfarr` qua cjhact` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l cuarpj. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al sjpjrta qua sjpjrt` l`s k`hguar`s ma tr`hskfsfóh. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra al cjhactjr mal cjhvartfmjr ma valjcfm`m mal valjcëkatrj y ratfra al sahsjr ma ravjlucfjhas ma l` c`o` mal vjl`hta. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al `rr`hqua. 00. 00. Atfquata Atfquata y mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras rast`htas `sjcf`mjs cjh l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
Sap`r`hmj l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs mal kjtjr.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` ah l`s d`rr`s `prjpf`m`s. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cfgüað`l `oust`hmj al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l b`st` qua `p`razc` uhj ma ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ah al jrfifcfj ma kjht`oa mal kjtjr ma `rr`hqua. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal bfmrjtr`hsijrk`mjr y, gfr`hmj al cfgüað`l, masahrjsqua ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal bfmrjtr`hsijrk`mjr. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma l`s tr`hskfsfjhas ma ifo`cfóh поюфбюо `l kjtjr. 1. Maslfca 1. Maslfca l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `laoàhmjl` mal kjtjr a fhsarta al parhj y l` `r`hmal` ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj mal sahsjr ma valjcfm`m ah l` c`o` mal vjl`hta p`r` k`htahar al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. ^rap`r`hmj p`r` fhst`l`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` prap`r`rsa p`r` l` fhst`l`cfóh, hacasft` b`car uh` barr`kfaht` sfkpla p`r` `lfha`r al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r cjh l` pl`c` ma k`hmj. L` barr`kfaht` as uh parhj p`r` kjht`r uh cjhvartfmjr ma p`r, sjlj ma gr`h ljhgftum, cjh uh c`daz`l ma cjrta y uh` r`hur` p`r` uh mastjrhfll`mjr ah al axtrakj. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cfgüað`l mal kjtjr ma kjmj qua uhj ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r astæ `lfha`mj cjh al jrfifcfj p`r` l` fhst`l`cfóh mal `rr`hc`mjr. @tjrhflla l` barr`kfaht` ah uhj ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r. Gfra al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ma k`har` qua l` barr`kfaht` ma `lfha`cfóh astæ ah l` pjsfcfóh cjrract` cjh raspactj `l jrfifcfj ma kjht`oa mal kjtjr ma `rr`hqua. ^jrqua l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas astà fhst`l`m`, l` Ast` barr`kfaht` ma `lfha`cfóh ` tr`væs mal parhjy,ah masatr`hskfsfóh y ` uh tr`væs mal tjrhfllj jrfifcfj ma kjht`oa mal `rr`hc`mjr. barr`kfaht` sa puama p`s`rà mas`tjrhfll`r cjhmal uhjrfifcfj mastjrhfll`mjr ahl`supl`c` lug`r, mada fhst`l`r prfkar p`r` al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh fhst`l`mjs ah al dljqua mal kjtjr j ah l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. ]r`hskfsfóh cjh kjtjr
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Madah taharsa ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - cjljqua l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ma kjmj qua l` barr`kfaht` ma `lfha`cfóh p`sa ` tr`væs ma l` pl`c` ma tr`hskfsfóh y al jrfifcfj ma kjht`oa mal kjtjr ma `rr`hqua5 - ratfra al parhj mal jrfifcfj mal sahsjr ma valjcfm`m5 - maspuæs ma `tjrhfll`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l kjtjr, ratfra l` barr`kfaht` ma `lfha`cfóh y `tjrhflla al prfkar parhj mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cfgüað`l y `tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs rast`htas.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`l`r 0. Fhst`l`r al `rr`hc`mjr y `tjrhfll`rlj. 4. Ast`dlazc` 4. Ast`dlazc` l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr mal `utjkóvfl. 3. Fhst`l`cfóh 3. Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l `mfcfjh`l sa s a ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh` alfkfh`cfóh. cfóh. Tap`r`cfjh ma kjtjr Al kàs cjhvahfahta p`r` tr`d`o`r ah al kjtjr, sf astà fhst`l`mj ah uh k`rcj aspacf`l. @htas ma rap`r`r al kjtjr, as hacas`rfj ratfr`r? -- al gahar`mjr5 ]arkjst`tj y s`lfm` ma rairfgar`hta (kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`). - uh` c`rc`s` mal tarkjst`tj y al ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla (kjtjras mfasal)5 - tudj p`r` kamfr al hfval ma `cafta5 - fhtarruptjras alæctrfcjs y sahsjras5 - cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa5 - ifltrj ma `cafta5 - sjpjrtas ma sjpjrta mal kjtjr5 - vjl`hta ma fharcf`. Sf sjlj s jlj as hacas`rfj rap`r`r al dljqua mal kjtjr, al cfgüað`l, ljs pfstjhas y l`s dfal`s, ahtj ahtjhcas hcas as hacas`rfj ratfr`r l` ccul`t`, ul`t`, al càrtar ma `cafta, l` djkd` ma `cafta y l` cjrra` maht`m`. Sf as hacas`rfj, sa mada quft`r uh` ravfsfóh cjkplat` mal kjtjr? - Cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y ma asc`pa5 - cjrra` maht`m`, pjla`s y kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh5 - cul`t`5
- vjl`hta ma fharcf` - càrtar ma `cafta5 - djkd` ma `cafta5 - pfstjhas cjh v`rfll`s5 - cfgüað`l. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` cul`t`. KJ]JT MFASAL Maskjht`oa 4.0 LF]TJS LF]TJS
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al àrdjl ma lav`s y ljs sagufmjras. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs cjlactjra c jlactjrass ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra al sjpjrta mal kjtjr ma l` p`rta mal`htar` mal kjtjr.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs alactrjcjhmuctjras rast`htas, k`hguar`s y alakahtjs ma su sjpjrta cjhact`mjs cjh uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla gr`mu`l y sacuahcf`lkahta ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` cul`t` ah al jrmah fhvarsj qua sa kuastr` ah l` Ifg. L` sacuahcf` ma `prat`r cul`t` . Tatfra ljs tjrhflljs cjh `r`hmal`s. ljs tjrhflljs ma l` cul`t` 7. Sap`ra 7. Sap`ra l` cul`t` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs utflfz`hmj mjs v`rfll`s katàlfc`s cjh ljs axtrakjs mjdl`mjs ` 6> ¾ a fhst`l`mjs ah al jrfifcfj p`r` ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` c`daz`. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l` cul`t` mal dljqua y ratfra l` ouht`. ^rap`r`hmj p`r` fhst`l`r fhst`l`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas fhtarcjhact`m`s ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al ast`mj ma l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` cul`t` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah dusc` ma `r`ð`zjs, `r`ð`zjs y jtrjs m`ðjs. Sf ljs maiactjs sjh pjcj prjiuhmjs, alfkëhaljs kamf`hta ractfifc`mj, ma lj cjhtr`rfj, l` pfaz` mada raakpl`z`rsa.
3. Salaccfjha 3. Salaccfjha al aspasjr raquarfmj ma l` ouht`. Ljs parhjs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma ljs cflfhmrjs us`h sjl`kahta al huavj. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa cjh cufm`mj l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` cul`t` y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Cjkpruada qua ljs mjs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh ah sus r`hur`s ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
4. Ast`dlacar 4. Ast`dlacar uh huavj ravastfkfahtj ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` cul`t` ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
=. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua l` p`rta rjsc`m` y l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l`s c`daz`s ma ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` cul`t` cjh Kjlyejta T`pfm ^lus j cu`lqufar k`tarf`l ma `lt` c`lfm`m.
1. Maslfca 1. Maslfca c`m` parhj ah su `guoarj su`vakahta y `tjrhëllalj cjh l` k`hj. 9. Gr`mu`lkahta 9. Gr`mu`lkahta y ah l` sacuahcf` aspacfifc`m` (cjhsulta l` Ifg. Sacuahcf` ma `prfata ma ljs parhjs mal kjht`oa ma l` cul`t` cul`t` ), `prfata ljs parhjs ma l` cul`t` cjh al p`r raquarfmj.
7. Qs`hmj 7. Qs`hmj uh` pl`htfll` aspacf`l, vualv` ` `prat`r ljs parhjs `l àhgulj masa`mj.
2. Ljs 2. Ljs p`sjs ma fhst`l`cfóh rast`htas sa ra`lfz`h ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 6. Maspuæs 6. Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r al kjtjr ah al `utjkóvfl, ahcfæhm`lj y c`lfæhtalj b`st` qua al vahtfl`mjr ma ahirf`kfahtj sa ahcfahm` `l kahjs mjs vacas. @p`gua al kjtjr y ahirëalj mur`hta 3,1 bjr`s.Luagj ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` cul`t`, qufta l` prasfóh rasfmu`l ah al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj quft`hmj l` cudfart` mal t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` cul`t` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. cul`t` , `iljo`r uhj pjr uhj, `prat`r c`m` 0>. 0>. Gr`mu`lkahta Gr`mu`lkahta y ah l` sacuahcf` kjstr`m` ah l` ifg. ifg. L` sacuahcf` ma `prat`r ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` cul`t` parhj cjh al p`r raquarfmj y gfr`rlj `l àhgulj raquarfmj. 00. 00. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` uh` cudfart` ma uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y uh t`póh ma uh t`hqua `hcbj mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. Maskjht`oa ma l` cul`t`. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cul`t`. 4. Sf 4. Sf hj sa ratfr`, ratfra ljs cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al àrdjl ma lav`s, ljs sagufmjras y l`s ouht`s. =. Ah =. Ah ljs kjtjras mfasal ratfra l`s duoë`s. Ah ljs kjtjras mfæsal ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra l` p`rta cahtr`l mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m` mas`tjrhfll`hmj l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa y al parhj.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` maht`m`.
9. Qs`hmj 9. Qs`hmj al mfspjsftfvj p`r` l` cjkprasfóh ma uh rasjrta ma l` vàlvul`, `prfata c`m` rasjrta y ratfra l`s g`llat`s ma l` c`r` mal axtrakj ma l` vàlvul`. Tatfra al mfspjsftfvj ma cjkprasfóh ma rasjrta y ratfra l` pl`c` ma rasjrta, al rasjrta y al `sfahtj mal rasjrta. Cjh uhjs `lfc`tas, tahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra al `hfllj mailactjr ma `cafta mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al mfspjsftfvj ma cjkprasfóh ma rasjrta y ratfra l` pl`c` ma rasjrta.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al rasjrta y al `sfahtj mal rasjrta. Cjh uh`s pfhz`s, tahg` cufm`mj ma ratfr`r al `hfllj ma sallj ma `cafta mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`. 6. Cu`hmj 6. Cu`hmj al rasjrta ma l` vàlvul` sa cjkprfka y l` cjp` mal rasjrta hj sa ratfr` ma l`s g`llat`s, as hacas`rfj gjlpa`r iàcflkahta l` t`z` mal rasjrta cjh uh k`rtfllj ` tr`væs ma l` d`rr` ma k`mar`, qua lfdar`rà l`s g`llat`s. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l` vàlvul` ` tr`væs ma l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh. 00. 00. @lk`caha @lk`caha c`m` vàlvul` ah uh` djls` ma plàstfcj sap`r`m` cjh uh` pl`c` ma
rasjrta, uh rasjrta, uh racaptàculj ma rasjrta y kfg`s ma p`h p`r` uh` fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l
Lfkpfaz` a fhspaccfóh ma l` cul`t`.
@mvartahcf` Sf al kjtjr sa sjdrac`lahtó, as pjsfdla qua l` cul`t` sa maijrka. ^jr lj t`htj, mada cjkprjd`rlj cufm`mjs`kahta. Lfkpfaz` Lfkpfaz` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra ljs rastjs ma l` ouht` o uht` vfao` ma l` cul`t`. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa al c`rdóh ma l`s ccàk`r`s àk`r`s ma cjkdustfóh, luagj l`va l` c`daz` cjh uh sjlvahta `macu`mj. 3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa ljs mapósftjs ma c`rdóh ma l` vàlvul`, pjsfdlakahta fhclusj cjh uh capfllj ma `l`kdra. Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Cul`t` Cul`t` 0. Fhspaccfjha 0. Fhspaccfjha cufm`mjs`kahta l` cul`t` p`r` matact`r grfat`s y jtrjs m`ðjs. Ah prasahcf` ma grfat`s, l` c`daz` astà suoat` ` raakpl`zj. 4. Qs`hmj 4. Qs`hmj uh` ragl` y sjhm` ma kat`l, varfifqua l` pl`hftum ma l` suparifcfa ma `cjpl`kfahtj ma l` cul`t`.Cjh uh` pl`hftum ma kàs ma >,0 kk, l` c`daz` mada rapjlarsa y su `ltur` mada cukplfr ljs raqufsftjs.
3. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma ljs `sfahtjs ma l`s vàlvul`s. Sf astàh quak`mjs, masg`st`mjs j maiactujsjs, madah sar raakpl`z`mjs. Sf al masg`sta mal
3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma ljs `sfahtjs ma l`s vàlvul`s. Sf astàh quak`mjs, masg`st`mjs j maiactujsjs, madah sar raakpl`z`mjs. Sf al masg`sta mal `sfahtj ma l` vàlvul` as fhsfghfifc`hta, madah sar ractfifc`mjs. =. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua al masg`sta ma l`s guë`s ma l` vàlvul` fhsart`hmj al vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` ah all`s y kjvfæhmjlj b`cf` ljs l`mjs. Kjvarsa mada sar kahjr. Sf al kjvfkfahtj as axcasfvj, ratfra l` vàlvul` y kfm` al mfàkatrj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul`5 sf as hacas`rfj, raakpl`ca l` vàlvul`. Sf al vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` hj astà masg`st`mj, ahtjhcas al k`hguftj guë` astà masg`st`mj y mada sar raakpl`z`mj. L`s guë`s ma vàlvul`s madah raakpl`z`rsa ah l` ast`cfóh ma ^augajt. 1. @l 1. @l raakpl`z`r raakpl`z`r l`s guë`s ma l`s vàlvul`s, ljs `sfahtjs ma l`s vàlvul`s madah ast`r ractfifc`mjs y l`pa`mjs.
9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjtjras mfasal, fhspaccfjha l`s càk`r`s ma vórtfca ah dusc` ma m`ðjs y ascfsfjhas. Sa parkftah paquað`s grfat`s. Al raakpl`zj ma l`s càk`r`s ma vórtfca as hacas`rfj sf astàh savar`kahta quak`m`s y maijrk`m`s j sf su `tarrfz`oa ah l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj sa b` madflft`mj. Al raakpl`zj ma l` càk`r` ma vórtfca mada sar ra`lfz`mj pjr uh aspacf`lfst`. 7. Cjkpruada 7. Cjkpruada al s`lfahta ma l` càk`r` ma vórtfca mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. ^`r` varfifc`r prjtudar`hcf`, al sjpjrta uh fhmfc`mjr mapuht` cu`mr`hta ah l` suparifcfal`ma `cjpl`kfahtjfhst`la ma l` c`daz` mal cjh cflfhmrj, cjljqua l` ma kamfcfóh mal fhmfc`mjr ah l` suparifcfa ma l` c`daz`, cjljqua al fhmfc`mjr ah >, luagj kuav` l` puht` mal fhmfc`mjr ` l` càk`r` ma vórtfca. Ah l` asc`l` mal fhmfc`mjr, la` l` c`htfm`m ma s`lfahta ma l` càk`r` mal vórtfca. Mal kfskj kjmj, cjkpruada l` prjtudar`hcf` ma l`s càk`r`s ma vórtfcas rast`htas. Y`lvul`s Y`lvul`s 2. Tavfsa 2. Tavfsa l` pl`c` ma l` vàlvul` ma c`m` vàlvul` p`r` matact`r cjrrjsfóh ljc`lfz`m`, quak`mur`s, grfat`s y masg`sta gahar`l. Tavfsa al vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` pjr masg`sta y mjdla. Cjkpruada al masg`sta ma l` c`r` mal axtrakj ma l` vàlvul`. Ah prasahcf` ma cu`lqufar maiactj l` vàlvul` astà suoat` ` raakpl`zj. 6. Qs`hmj 6. Qs`hmj uh kfcrókatrj, kfm` al mfàkatrj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` ah v`rfjs lug`ras ` lj l`rgj l `rgj ma l` l jhg jhgftum ftum mal vàst`gj. Cu`lqu Cu`lqufar far mfiarahcf` sfghfifc`tfv` sfghfifc`tfv` ah ljs m`tjs jdtahfmjs fhmfc` al masg`sta mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` y al raakpl`zj jdlfg`tjrfj ma l` vàlvul`. v àlvul`.
0>. 0>. Sf Sf l`s vàlvul`s astàh ah cjhmfcfjhas s`tfsi`ctjrf`s, madah fhsart`rsa ah sus `sfahtjs y cjhact`rsa ` tfarr`. Sf l`s pl`c`s ma l`s vàlvul`s j ljs `sfahtjs astàh kuy masg`st`mjs, sa madah kac`hfz`r j fhclusj raakpl`z`r `htas mal l`pa`mj. 00. L` kjlfahm` L` kjlfahm` ma l`s vàlvul`s sa ra`lfz` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. Cjljqua l` cul`t` cjh càk`r`s ma cjkdustfóh b`cf` `rrfd` ah l`s d`rr`s ma k`mar`. 04. 04. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua cjh uh` p`st` p`r` pulfr al `sfahtj ah l` pl`c` ma l` vàlvul` y al `sfahtj ma l` vàlvul`, fhst`la l` vàlvul` ah su lug`r a fhst`la uh` vahtjs` cjh uh sjpjrta (k`hfo`) (k`hfo`) ah l` pl`c` ma l` vàlvul`. @l gfr`r l` vàlvul` cjh l` vahtjs` ah
mfiarahtas mfraccfjhas, kjlar l` vàlvul` y, parfómfc`kahta, as hacas`rfj lav`ht`r l` vàlvul` p`r` ramfstrfdufr l` p`st` ma l`pa`mj.
03. 03. Sf Sf sa utflfz` p`st` ma l`pa`mj gruasj, sa mada l`pa`r b`st` qua `p`razc` uh` suparifcfa k`ta uhfijrka ah al `sfahtj ma l` vàlvul` y l` vàlvul`. Luagj djrra l` p`st` utflfz`m` y rapft` al prjcasj ma irjt`kfahtj cjh uh` p`st` ifh`. Kjlar p`r` prjmucfr uh cjljr grfs k`ta cl`rj. 0=. 0=. Tatfra Tatfra cjh cufm`mj c ufm`mj ljs r`strjs ma ll`` p`st` ma l`pa`mj us`hmj uh sjlvahta `prjpf`mj.
Alakahtjs v`lvul`ras v`lvul`ras 01. 01. Tavfsa Tavfsa ljs rasjrtas ma l`s vàlvul`s p`r` matact`r sfghjs ma m`ðjs. ^augajt hj maifha l` ljhgftum lfdra këhfk`, pjr lj qua l` ÿhfc` ijrk` ma varfifc`r al rasjrta as cjkp`r`r cjkp`r`rlj lj cjh uh huavj rasjrta. 09. 09. Fhst`la Fhst`la ljs rasjrtas cjh uhj ma ljs axtrakjs ah al k`rcj, varfifqua l` masvf`cfóh mal aoa mal rasjrta raspactj mal pl`hj vartfc`l y l` ljhgftum ma ljs rasjrtas. Ah c`sj ma m`ðjs ah uhj ma ljs rasjrtas, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r tjmjs ljs rasjrtas ah al eft. 07. 07. Yualv` Yualv` ` cjljc`r l`s t`p`s ma ljs vàst`gjs ma l` vàlvul` fhmapahmfahtakahta ma su cjhmfcfóh. @s`kdla` ma cul`t` cul`t` ma cflfhmrj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua ljs vàst`gjs ma l`s vàlvul`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr a fhsærtaljs ah su lug`r. Fhst`la l`s vàlvul`s ah ljs lug`ras mjhma iuarjh kjlfm`s. kjlfm`s.
4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al `sfahtj ma rasjrta. Sukaro` al t`póh ma `cafta ah `cafta ma kjtjr huavj a fhstàlalj sjdra al vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` ah su lug`r, tahfahmj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj. ^`r` fhst`l`r l`s t`p`s ma `cafta, usa uh k`hmrfl ma kat`l aspacf`l.
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al rasjrta ma l` vàlvul` y l` pl`c` ma rasjrta. =. Qh =. Qh mfspjsftfvj aspacf`l cjkprfka al rasjrta ma l` vàlvul` a fhst`l` l`s g`llat`s ah al buacj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` y ludrëqual`s. Tatfra al mfspjsftfvj ma cjkprasfóh ma rasjrta. Tapft` ast` jpar`cfóh ah l`s vàlvul`s rast`htas.
1. K`rtflla 1. K`rtflla ` tr`væs ma l` d`rr` ma k`mar`, gjlpaa al axtrakj mal vàst`gj ma l` vàlvul` p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma l` vàlvul` astæh ifrkakahta ah su lug`r. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al àrdjl ma lav`s, ljs sagufmjras y l`s ouht`s. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la l`s pfaz`s rast`htas ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh. Taakpl`ca l`s ouht`s sf as hacas`rfj. Ah kjtjras mfæsal ma 4.0 lftrjs, fhst`la uh kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma cjrra` maht`m` Axtr`ccfóh ma pfstjhas cjh v`rfll`s Axtr`ccfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cul`t`, al càrtar y l` djkd` ma `cafta. 4. Sf 4. Sf b`y mapósftjs ma c`rdóh ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cflfhmrj, quëtalj cjh uh r`sp`mjr ma k`tarf`l dl`hmj. L` prasahcf` ma asc`ljhas ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cflfhmrj fhmfc` uh masg`sta axcasfvj mal cflfhmrj y l` hacasfm`m ma parijr`r ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh puhzóh j pfhtur`, k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l` t`p` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` y al hÿkarj mal cflfhmrj (l` ifgur` kuastr` al cflfhmrj hÿkarj 3).
=. Gfra =. Gfra al cfgüað`l ma k`har` qua ljs pfstjhas ma ljs cflfhmrjs 0¿ y =¿ astæh fhst`l`mjs ah DMC. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra uh` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` ma l` t`p` ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` v`rfll` mal prfkar cflfhmrj. Tatfra l` t`p` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal`.
9. ^`r` 9. ^`r` avft`r l` pjsfdflfm`m ma m`ð`r ljs cualljs mal cfgüað`l cjh ljs parhjs ma dfal`, ahvuælv`ljs cjh cu`lqufar k`tarf`l dl`hmj j cjljqua tudjs `prjpf`mjs ma k`tarf`ll dl`hmj sjdra alljs. k`tarf`
7. Cjh 7. Cjh uh k`hgj ma k`rtfllj, akpuoa al pfstóh b`cf` `rrfd` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y axtràfg`lj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 2. Ah 2. Ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l` dfal`, fhst`la l` t`p` ma l` dfal` y `tjrhëllal` cjh tuarc`s, qua l`s k`htahmràh ah al eft y hj sa cjhiuhmfràh cjh ljs lug`ras. 6. Ma 6. Ma ijrk` sfkfl`r ratfra al pfstóh mal cu`rtj cflfhmrj. 0>. 0>. Gfra Gfra al cfgüað`l 02> ¾ p`r` fhst`l`r ljs pfstjhas mal saguhmj y tarcar cflfhmrj ` DMC y ratfra ljs pfstjhas ma l` kfsk` k`har`. Maskjht`oa mal cfgüað`l TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l y l` djkd` ma `cafta.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs pfstjhas y dfal`s. Sf l js pfstjhas y l`s dfal`s hj sa rap`r`h, ahtjhcas ahtjhcas hj as hacas`rfj quft`r l` cul`t`. 3. Cjkprjd`r 3. Cjkprjd`r al ouagj `xf`l mal cfgüað`l. =. @iljoa =. @iljoa y mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` cudfart` mal sallj ma `cafta mal`htarj (mal l`mj ma l` cjrra` maht`m`), ouhtj cjh l` ouht` (l` ifgur` kuastr` l` axtr`ccfóh ma l` cudfart` mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah ljs kjtjras RQ y RQM).
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` c`mah` ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta, maslfca l` ruam` maht`m` ma tr`hskfsfóh y l` ouht` b`cf` `iuar` mal axtrakj mal cfgüað`l. 9. Alfkfha 9. Alfkfha l` cl`va ma sagkahtj y guàrmal` cjh uh `starfscj.
7. K`rqua 7. K`rqua l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las ma 0 ` 1 (ljs lug`ras ma k`rc`mj sa fhmfc`h cjh ilacb`s).L` t`p` hÿkarj 0 sa ahcuahtr` ah al l`mj mal
vjl`hta. ]`kdfæh tahg` ah cuaht` l` prjiuhmfm`m mal cjhouhtj mal sallj mal cfgüað`l tr`sarj.
2. Ah 2. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs, masahrjsqua ljs mjs parhjs (uhj ah l` p`rta irjht`l ma l` uhfm`m y al jtrj ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr) qua suoat`h l` t`p` mal cjofhata cahtr`l ` l` uhfm`m.
6. Ah 6. Ah tjmjs ljs kjtjras, masahrjsqua y qufta l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las (l` ilacb` fhmfc` l` udfc`cfóh mal `hfllj ma akpuoa). ]`kdfæh ratfra ljs kamfjs `hflljs ma akpuoa udfc`mjs ` `kdjs l`mjs ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata prfhcfp`l h. ¾ 4.
0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al cfgüað`l y ratfra al ratæh ma `cafta mal cfgüað`l tr`sarj. L` ifgur` kuastr` l` axtr`ccfóh mal cfgüað`l ma ljs kjtjras RQ y RQM.
00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra ljs cjofhatas suparfjras ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las, l` kft`m suparfjr akpuoa ljs `hflljs ah `kdjs l`mjs mal cjofhata prfhcfp`l Hj. 4.
Dljqua ma cflfhmrjs Lfkpfaz`
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra tjm`s l`s pfaz`s y sahsjras alæctrfcjs mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. ^`r` uh` lfkpfaz` cjkplat`, ratfra ljs t`pjhas ma prjcasj. ^`r` quft`r ljs t`pjhas, t`l`mra paquaðjs jrfifcfjs y `tjrhflla al tjrhfllj `utjrrjsc`hta ah ljs jrfifcfjs. ]fr`hmj ma l` c`daz` mal tjrhfllj, ratfra l` t`p`. 4. Ah 4. Ah ljs dljquas ma cflfhmrjs ma `lukfhfj, ratfra ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma `carj mal cflfhmrj. 3. Mjhma 3. Mjhma astæ fhst`l`mj, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra al tudj ma rjcf`mj ma `cafta ah al fhtarfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra tjm`s l`s k`rc`s ma l` ouht` ma l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal dljqua mal kjtjr. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra tjmjs ljs t`pjhas ma l` lëha` ma `cafta. @l fhst`l`r, utflfca huavjs t`pjhas. 9. Lfkpf`r 9. Lfkpf`r cjh v`pjr l`s zjh`s kàs ccjht`k jht`kfh`m`s. fh`m`s.
7. Lfkpfa 7. Lfkpfa tjmjs ljs jrfifcfjs ma ludrfc`cfóh y l` lëha` ma `cafta. Ahou`gua tjmjs ljs c`h`las fhtarhjs cjh uh cbjrrj ma `gu` tfdf` b`st` qua al `gu` s`lg` lfkpf`. As hacas`rfj sac`r cjkplat`kahta cjkplat`kahta al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y ludrfc`r tjm`s l`s suparifcfas suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj cjh uh` c`p` mal g`m` ma `cafta p`r` avft`r l` cjrrjsfóh. Ah ljs l js dljquas ma cflfhmrjs ma bfarrj iuhmfmj, t`kd t`kdfæh fæh ludrfqua ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr. Sf b`y `fra cjkprfkfmj mfspjhfdla, utflëcalj utflëcalj p`r` `calar`r al prjcasj ma sac`mj y b`car vjl`r tjmjs ljs jrfifcfjs y lëha`s ma ludrfc`cfóh. 2. Sf 2. Sf al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs hj astà kuy sucfj, puama l`v`rsa cjh `gu` tfdf` o`djhjs` y uh capfllj murj. 6. Lfkpfa 6. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta cufm`mjs`kahta tjmjs ljs jrfifcfjs rjsc`mjs cjh uh grfij cjh l` rjsc` `macu`m`, y luagj sjpla ljs jrfifcfjs cjh `fra cjkprfkfmj.
0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la t`pjhas ah l`ma lëha` ma `cafta ah alah dljqua mal kjtjr y `oÿstaljs ifrkakahta. 00. 00. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa aljsfhst`la al tudj rjcf`mj ma `cafta al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y `sagÿralj cjh uh parhj. 04. 04. Sf Sf al kjtjr hj sa ahs`kdl` ma fhkamf`tj, cfarra al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cjh uh` djls` ma plàstfcj gr`hma p`r` prjtagarlj ma l` cjht`kfh`cfóh. Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Dljqua mal kjtjr ma bfarrj iuhmfmj iuhmfmj 0. Fhspaccfjha 0. Fhspaccfjha vfsu`lkahta al dljqua mal kjtjr p`r` matact`r grfat`s y cjrrjsfóh. Cjkpruada l` fhtagrfm`m mal bflj ah ljs jrfifcfjs rjsc`mjs. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al mfàkatrj ma ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr pjr masg`sta pjr l` prasahcf` ma uh asc`lóh ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cflfhmrj. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh` barr`kfaht` ma kamfcfóh, kfm` al mfàkatrj mal ravastfkfahtj ma c`m` cflfhmrj ah l` p`rta suparfjr (mad`oj mal asc`lóh ma masg`sta), ah al cahtrj y ah l` d`sa p`r`lal` `l aoa mal cfgüað`l. =. Luagj, =. Luagj, ra`lfca l`s kfsk`s kamfm`s parpahmfcul`ras `l aoa mal cfgüað`l y cjkpàral`s cjh ljs m`tjs tæchfcjs (cjhsulta l` l` Saccfóh 3.3 3.3 ). Dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ma `lukfhfj cjh k`hg`s kjo`m`s kjo`m`s
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma l` c`kfs` mal cflfhmrj, luagj, utflfz`hmj uh` marfv` ma k`mar` sólfm`, gjlpaa l` djls` masma al fhtarfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Tatfra ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y kàrqualjs.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) cjh uh` saccfóh cfrcul`r ma c`m` k`hguftj.
7. Tavfsa 7. Tavfsa c`m` k`hg` pjr masg`sta y m`ðj. 2. Cjh 2. Cjh uh` barr`kfaht` ma kamfcfóh, kfm` al mfàkatrj mal ravastfkfahtj ah l` p`rta suparfjr (mad`oj mal asc`lóh ma masg`sta), ah al cahtrj y ah l` d`sa p`r`lal` `l aoa mal cfgüað`l. 6. Luagj, 6. Luagj, ra`lfca l`s kfsk`s kamfm`s parpahmfcul`ras `l aoa mal cfgüað`l y cjkpàral`s cjh ljs m`tjs tæchfcjs (cjhsulta l` Saccfóh 3.3 3.3 ). 0>. 0>. Tapft` Tapft` al prjcamfkfahtj ma kamfcfóh ah l`s k`hg`s rast`htas. 00. 00. Sf Sf al masg`sta mal ijrrj axcama ljs v`ljras parkftfm parkftfmjs js j sf b`y jtrjs m`ðjs, as hacas`rfj raakp raakpl`z`r l`z`r ljs k`hguftjs. 04. 04. Sa Sa sukfhfstr`h k`hg`s huav`s cjkplat`s cjh pfstjhas y `rjs ma pfstóh. 03. Ljs pfstjhas Ljs pfstjhas y ljs ravastfkfahtjs sa mfvfmah ah tras grupjs ma t`k`ðjs. Al grupj ma t`k`ðj ma c`m` pfstóh sa fhmfc` kamf`hta uh sëkdjlj (@, D j C) fkprasj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal pfstóh, y al grupj ma t`k`ðj ma c`m` c`kfs` sa fhmfc` kamf`hta kuasc`s (ma 0 ` 3) ah al axtrakj suparfjr ma l` c`kfs`5 uh` kuasc` p`r` al grupj @, mjs kuasc`s p`r` al grupj D, tras kuasc`s p`r` al grupj C. Yarfifqua qua c`m` pfstóh y al ravastfkfahtj cjrraspjhmfahta sa`h mal kfskj t`k`ðj. Hj astà parkftfmj us`r uh pfstóh ma uh grupj ma t`k`ðj y uh` k`hg` ma jtrj grupj ma t`k`ðj. 0=. 0=. @htas @htas ma fhst`l`r ljs k`hguftjs, lfkpfa ` ijhmj l`s suparifcfas ma `cjpl`kfahtj ma ljs k`hguftjs ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y, utflfz`hmj uh p`pal ma lfo` ma gr`hj ifhj, alfkfha ljs `r`ð`zjs y ljs djrmas `ifl`mjs qua puam`h m`ð`r l` ouht` tórfc`. Lfkpf` ljs ravastfkfahtjs ravastfkfahtjs y sæc`ljs. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` tórfc` ah l` k k`hg`. `hg`. ^`r ^`r`` i`cflft`r l` fhst`l`c fhst`l`cfóh fóh mal `h `hfllj fllj ma sall`m sall`mj, j, ludrëqu ludrëqualj alj y l` supa suparifcfa rifcfa aaxtarfjr xtarfjr mal rravastfk avastfkfahtj fahtj cjh `ca `cafta fta ma kjt kjtjr. jr. 01. 01. Sf Sf ljs ravastfkfahtjs qua sa ratfr`rjh pravf`kahta mal kjtjr astàh fhst`l`mjs, fhstàlaljs ah sus lug`ras ma `cuarmj cjh l` k`rc` ra`lfz`m` `htarfjrkahta. Fhsarta c`m` ijrrj ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y akpÿoalj cjh l` k`hj b`st` qua sa matahg`. Qs`hmj uh k`rtfllj y uh dljqua ma k`mar`, vualv` ` kjht`r cjkplat`kahta l` k`hg`. 09. 09. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r tjmjs ljs ravastfkfahtjs cjh uh` ragl` y uh` sjhm`, varfifqua qua l` prjtudar`hcf` ma c`m` ravastfkfahtj sjdra al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cukpl` cjh ljs raqufs raqufsftjs ftjs tæchfcjs (cjhsulta l` l` Saccfóh 3.3 3.3 ). 07. 07. @l @l fhst`l`r huavjs ravastfkfahtjs, sa parkfta c`kdf`rljs ah lug`ras p`r` `lfha`rljs cjh l` prjtudar`hcf` mal dljqua mal kjtjr.
02. 02. Sf l` prjtudar`hcf` mal ravastfkfahtj hj cukpla cjh ljs raqufsftjs tæchfcjs, ahtjhcas as hacas`rfj cjht`ct`r ` uh aspacf`lfst` ah rap`r`cfóh ma kjtjras. ^fstjhas y v`rfll`s Alakahtjs ma pfstjh pfstjh
L` udfc`cfóh cjrract` mal pfstóh ah ral`cfóh cjh l` dfal` ah kjtjras mfasal mfasal
Cjkprjd`r
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma ravfs`r ljs pfstjhas cjh dfal`s, ratfra ljs `hflljs ma ljs pfstjhas y lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta cufm`mjs`kahta ljs pfstjha pfstjhas. s. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` quft`r ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh ma ljs pfstjhas, `iljoa al `hfllj a fhsærtalj mad`oj mal `hfllj, ma k`har` uhfijrka `lramamjr ma l` cfrcuhiarahcf`, mjs j tras puht`s ma sjhm` vfao`s y maslfca al `hfllj mal pfstóh ` lj l`rgj ma alljs. ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hj r`y`r al pfstóh cjh ljs axtrakjs mal mal `hfllj. Ljs `hflljs sjh kuy iràgflas y puamah `grfat`rsa sf sa l`hz`h kuy iuartakahta. Ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj ma ljs `hflljs sjh kuy `ifl`mjs, `së qua tahg` cufm`mj ma hj cjrt`rsa cjh alljs.
3. Sjstahg` 3. Sjstahg` c`m` cjhouhtj ma `hflljs cjh al pfstóh p`r` vjlvar ` fhst`l`rljs ah su lug`r. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa tjmjs ljs mapósftjs ma c`rdjhj ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pfstóh. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al c`rdóh ma l`s r`hur`s mad`oj ma ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh ah al pfstóh us`hmj al `hfllj vfaoj. 9. Maspuæs 9. Maspuæs ma ratfr`r l` pl`c`, lfkpfa al pfstóh cjh l` dfal` cjh uh sjlvahta `macu`mj y sæqualjs. 7. Ah 7. Ah al kjht`oa mal kjtjr as cjhvahfahta utflfz`r huavjs `rjs ma pfstóh. 2. Fhspaccfjha 2. Fhspaccfjha cufm`mjs`kahta c`m` pfstóh ah dusc` ma grfat`s `lramamjr ma l` i`lm` y ljs jrfifcfjs mal p`s`mjr mal pfstóh. 6. Cjkpruada 6. Cjkpruada sf b`y masg`sta ah l` i`lm` mal pfstóh, ljs jrfifcfjs ah l` c`daz` mal pfstóh y quaka ` tr`væs ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pfstóh. 0>. Ljs r`strjs Ljs r`strjs ma pfc`mur` ah al pfstóh fhmfc`h qua al rairfgar`hta b` ahtr`mj ah l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh. As hacas`rfj ahcjhtr`r l` c`us` ma l` ahtr`m` ma lëqufmj ah l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh y alfkfh`rl`. 00. 00. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras cjh uh dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ma `lukfhfj cjh k`hg`s bÿkam`s, as fkpjsfdla raakpl`z`r ljs pfstjhas pjr sap`r`mj5 Ljs pfstjhas sa sukfhfstr`h cjh `hflljs y k`hg`s. 04. 04. Fhspaccfjha Fhspaccfjha c`m` dfal` p`r` matact`r masg`sta y grfat`s, `së cjkj l` mfstjrsfóh ma l` ijrk`. 03. 03. Sa Sa racjkfahm` qua ah c`m` maskjht`oa raakpl`ca ljs parhjs y l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal`. 0=. 0=. Ah Ah tjmjs ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`, ljs p`s`mjras p`s`mjras mal pfstóh sa prasfjh`h ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` dfal`, pjr lj t`htj, aall ra akpl`zj ma l`s dfal`s mada ra`lfz`rsa ah uh t`llar aspacf`lfz`mj.
01. 01. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras mfasal, ljs p`s`mjras mal pfstóh sa fhst`l`h ah uh `ousta maslfz`hta y sa ifo`h ah al pfstóh cjh mjs `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. Ah astjs kjtjras, ljs pfstjhas y l`s dfal`s sa puamah mfvfmfr ma l` sfgufahta k`har`.
09. 09. Cjh Cjh uh` bjo` ma mastjrhfll`mjr malg`m`, ratfra al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh mal pfstóh y `prfata al p`s`mjr mal pfstóh cjh l` k`hj. Cu`hmj vualv` ` fhst`l`r al p`s`mjr mal pfstóh, usa sjlj `hflljs ma ratahcfóh huavjs. 07. 07. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada sf al parhj mal pfstóh y al cjofhata ma dfal` suparfjr astàh masg`st`mjs. 02. L`s dfal`s L`s dfal`s ma cjhaxfóh gahar`lkahta hj raqufarah raakpl`zj sf al kjtjr hj sa b` `t`sc`mj `htas. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la al pfstóh ah l` c`daz` suparfjr ma l` dfal` ma k`har` qua l` ilacb` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal pfstóh sa ahcuahtra ah al l`mj k`rc`mj ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal`. Ludrfqua al p`s`mjr mal pfstóh a fhsærtalj ah al pfstóh y ah l` c`daz` ma l` dfal` suparfjr. Yarfifqua qua al pfstóh gfra iàcfl y lfdrakahta ah al p`s`mjr mal pfstóh, luagj ifoa al p`s`mjr mal pfstóh cjh ljs huavjs `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. Cjkpruada qua c`m` `hfllj astæ cjrract`kahta pjsfcfjh`mj ah l` r`hur` mal pfstóh (cjhsulta l` ifg. L` pjsfcfóh cjrract` mal pfstóh ah ral`cfóh cjh l` dfal` ah ljs kjtjras mfasal ). Cfgüað`l Cjkpruada al ouagj `xf`l mal cfgüað`l cjh uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta
Cjkprjd`r cfgüað`l ma ouagj `xf`l.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada al ouagj `xf`l mal cfgüað`l cu`hmj astà fhst`l`mj ah al dljqua mal kjtjr. 4. Al 4. Al ouagj `xf`l sa cjhtrjl` kamf`hta uh fhmfc`mjr ma tfpj raljo, cuyj sjpjrta astà kjht`mj ah al dljqua mal kjtjr, y l` puht` ma kamfcfóh masc`hs` ah al axtrakj mal cfgüað`l. Kjvfahmj al cfgüað`l masma l` p`r`m` b`st` l` p`r`m` ` lj l`rgj mal aoa, kfm` l` c`htfm`m ma ouagj `xf`l. Al rasult`mj ma l` kamfcfóh fhmfc` l` hacasfm`m ma us`r huavjs sakftjhjs ma p`r`m`.
3. Ah 3. Ah `usahcf` ma uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta, al ouagj `xf`l mal cfgüað`l sa puama kamfr cjh uh` bjo` ma làpfz kjvfahmj al cfgüað`l b`cf` uh l`mj cjhtr` al tjpa y kfmfahmj al asp`cfj ahtra al cjofhata prfhcfp`l Hj. 4 y al cfgüað`l. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa al cfgüað`l cjh uh sjlvahta `macu`mj y sæqualj cjh `fra cjkprfkfmj. 4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa al cfgüað`l mal cfgüað`l y ljs aoas mal cfgüað`l ah dusc` ma masg`sta, cjrrjsfóh y grfat`s.
3. Al cuallj Al cuallj mal cfgüað`l masg`st`mj sa c`r`ctarfz` pjr gjlpas ma kat`l cu`hmj al kjtjr astà ah k`rcb`, aspacf`lkahta d`oj c`rg` ` d`o`s valjcfm`mas, y uh` mfskfhucfóh ah l` prasfóh mal `cafta. =. Al masg`sta Al masg`sta ma ljs kuðjhas prfhcfp`las mal cfgüað`l sa c`r`ctarfz` pjr uh` iuarta vfdr`cfóh mal kjtjr y uh rufmj katàlfcj qua `ukaht` cjh al `ukahtj ma l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr, `së cjkj uh` mfskfhucfóh ma l` prasfóh mal `cafta. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa al cfgüað`l p`r` var sf b`y rugjsfm`m. Cu`lqufar frragul`rfm`m hjt`dla fhmfc` qua al cfgüað`l mada sar ractfifc`mj j raakpl`z`mj. 9. Sf 9. Sf al cfgüað`l sa b` ractfifc`m ractfifc`mj, j, varfifqua l`s rad`d`s `lramamjr ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma ludrfc`cfóh. Sf b`y rad`d`s, alfkëha alfkëhal`s l`s cjh uh paquaðj `rcbfvj `rcbfvj j r`sp`mjr y lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta ljs jrfifcfjs y c`h`las ma l`s vfrut`s. 7. Cjh 7. Cjh uh kfcrókatrj, kfm` al mfàkatrj mal cuallj mal cfgüað`l y ljs cualljs ma dfal` y cjkp`ra ljs rasult`mjs cjh l`s aspacfifc`cfjhas. aspacfifc`cfjhas. Kfm` ljs cualljs ah v`rfjs puhtjs, t`htj ah mfàkatrj cjkj ah l` ljhgftum mal cuallj, lj qua raval`rà jv`lfm`m y astracb`kfahtj, sf astàh prasahtas.
2. Tavfsa 2. Tavfsa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal sallj ma `cafta ah c`m` axtrakj mal cfgüað`l p`r` matact`r masg`sta y jtrjs m`ðjs. Sf al masg`sta mal cuallj mal sallj as gr`hma, as pjsfdla qua mad` raakpl`z`r al cfgüað`l. 6. Ah 6. Ah `lguhjs kjtjras, sf ljs kuðjhas mal cfgüað`l sa b`h ractfifc`mj ` uh t`k`ðj ma rap`r`cfóh, as hacas`rfj fhst`l`r ravastfkfahtjs ma gr`h t`k`ðj. Fhspaccfóh ma cjofhatas ma dfal` y prfhcfp`l. Maiactjs tëpfcjs ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs rjm`kfahtjs
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @ 0. @ pas`r ma qua ljs cjofhatas ma l` dfal` y ma l` dfal` madah raakpl`z`rsa cu`hmj sa ra`cjhmfcfjha al kjtjr, madah fhspaccfjh`rsa cufm`mjs`kahta y` qua puamah prjpjrcfjh`r fhijrk`cfóh v`lfjs` sjdra l` cjhmfcfóh mal kjtjr. 4. L` i`ll` L` i`ll` mal rjm`kfahtj puama jcurrfr madfmj ` l` i`lt` ma ludrfc`cfóh, l` prasahcf` ma sucfam`m u jtr`s p`rtëcul`s axtr`ð`s, l` sjdrac`rg` mal kjtjr j l` cjrrjsfóh. Fhmapahmfahtakahta ma l` c`us` ma l` i`ll` mal rjm`kfahtj, sa mada alfkfh`r l` c`us` qua c`usó l` i`ll` mal rjm`kfahtj `htas ma qua sa
vualv` ` kjht`r al kjtjr. 3. @l 3. @l fhspaccfjh`r ljs rjm`kfahtjs, ratëraljs y cjlóqualjs ah al kfskj jrmah ah qua iuarjh kjht`mjs ah al kjtjr. Astj matarkfh`rà al mf`rfj ma cfgüað`l `prjpf`mj y i`cflft`rà l` rasjlucfóh ma prjdlak`s. =. L`s =. L`s p`rtëcul`s axtr`ð`s puamah ahtr`r ah al kjtjr ma v`rf`s k`har`s. L`s p`rtëcul`s katàlfc`s puamah ast`r prasahtas ah al `cafta mal kjtjr cjkj rasult`mj mal masg`sta hjrk`l mal kjtjr. L`s paquað`s ouhtj al `cafta mal kjtjr puamahjc`ar ah ljsmalcjofhatas iàcflkahta ah al k`tarf`l dl`hmj mal cjofhata. L`s p`rtëcul`s gr`hmasp`rtëcul`s qua ahtrah ah cjh al cjofhata r`y`ràh al cjofhata al cuallj cfgüað`l.y sa L` fhcrust`h kaojr pravahcfóh ma l` i`ll` ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs pjr ast` r`zóh as l` sfgufahta? lfkpfa ` ijhmj tjm`s l`s suparifcfas fhtarh`s mal kjtjr y k`htæhg`l`s lfkpf`s cu`hmj kjhta al kjtjr. ]`kdfæh sa racjkfahm` al c`kdfj iracuahta y ragul`r ma `cafta cjh ifltrj. 1. L` 1. L` ludrfc`cfóh fhsuifcfahta ma ljs kuðjhas mal cfgüað`l puama madarsa ` kucb`s r`zjhas mfiarahtas, cjkj l` `lt` takpar`tur` mal `cafta, l` sjdrac`rg` mal kjtjr y l` iug` ma `cafta.
9. Al 9. Al astflj ma cjhmuccfóh mal `utjkóvfl t`kdfæh `iact` l` mur`dflfm`m mal rjm`kfahtj. Al `calar`mjr cjkplat`kahta `dfartj ` d`o`s valjcfm`mas mal kjtjr cra` uh` gr`h c`rg` ah ljs rjm`kfahtjs y `prfat` l` palëcul` ma `cafta ma l` zjh` ma cjht`ctj. Ast`s c`rg`s prjvjc`h l` `p`rfcfóh ma grfat`s ah l` p`rta ma tr`d`oj mal rjm`kfahtj, lj qua madflft` al rjm`kfahtj y puama prjvjc`r l` sap`r`cfóh ma l` c`p` `htfirfccfóh ma l` d`sa ma `carj. 7. Al kjvfkfahtj Al kjvfkfahtj ah mfst`hcf`s cjrt`s prjvjc` l` cjrrjsfóh ma ljs cjofhatas madfmj ` qua al kjtjr hj `lc`hz` uh` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj ast`dla ` l` qua sa alfkfh`h al v`pjr ma `gu` y ljs g`sas cjrrjsfvjs. Astjs v`pjras y g`sas, qua sa cjhmahs`h ah al `cafta mal kjtjr, ijrk`h àcfmj y pracfpft`h. Al àcfmj, ouhtj cjh al `cafta mal kjtjr, llag` ` ljs cjofhat cjofhatas as y cjkfahz` l` cjrrjsfóh ma ljs cjofhatas. 2. L` salaccfóh L` salaccfóh fhcjrract` ma ljs cjofhatas `l ahs`kdl`r al kjtjr t`kdfæh cjhmuca `l i`llj ma ljs cjofhatas. Ljs rjm`kfahtjs qua astàh prac`rg`mjs sa quam`h cjh uh asp`cfj ma rjm`kfahtj fhsuifcfahta, lj qua rasult` ah uh` ramuccfóh j hul` c`p` ma `cafta p`r` ludrfc`cfóh. L` sacuahcf` mal cjhouhtj mal kjtjr p`r` ravfsfóh. Al kjtjr sa mada kjht`r ah al sfgufahta jrmah? - cfgüað`l5 - pfstjhas-vàst`gjs5 -- djkd` p`lat ma `cafta5 - vjl`hta ma fharcf` - cul`t`5 - al kac`hfskj ma l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh y l`s pjla`s, y t`kdfæh l` tr`hskfsfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh5 - humjs cjh dfs`gr`s. Fhst`l`cfóh ma `rjs ma pfstóh. L` udfc`cfóh ma ljs `hflljs ma pfstóh ah al pfstóh. pfstóh.
0. @hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta. 4. Ouht` tórfc` kamf`h` 3. Ouht` tórfc` suparfjr
@htas ma fhst`l`r huavjs `hflljs ma pfstóh, cjkpruada l` bjlgur` ah al dljquaj mal `hfllj. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljqua 0. ljsalpfstjhas ljs `hflljs ma ljsah pfstjhas ma cflfhmrj `cuarmj `cuarmjycjh ljs cflfhmrjs ah ljs qua tr`d`o`ràh. 4. Ast`dlazc` 4. Cjljqua Ast`dlazc` `hfllj may sall`mj suparfjr al prfkar l` c`daz` mal pfstóh akpuoa ah al cflfhmrj b`st` l` d`sa mal cflfhmrj. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj suparfjras a fhtarkamfjs sjh mfiarahtas, l` suparifcfa axtarfjr mal `hfllj fhtarkamfj as cóhfc`.
3. Qs`hmj 3. Qs`hmj l` v`rfll` kamfmjr`, kfm` al asp`cfj ah al dljquaj mal `hfllj.
=. Tapft` =. Tapft` al prjcasj ma kamfcfóh cjh al `hfllj fhst`l`mj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cflfhmrj y cjkp`ra ljs rasult`mjs rasult`mjs ma l` kamfcfóh cjh lljs js m`tjs tæchfcjs (cjhsulta l` l` Saccfóh 3.3 3.3 ). ).
1. Sf 1. Sf al asp`cfj as mak`sf`mj paquaðj, mada `ukaht`rsa kamf`hta al masd`sta ma ljs axtrakjs mal `hfllj. 9. Sf 9. Sf al asp`cfj ah al dljquaj mal `hfllj as mak`sf`mj gr`hma, varfifqua qua ljs `hflljs cjfhcfm`h cjh al kjtjr cjrract`kahta. 7. Tapft` 7. Tapft` l` jpar`cfóh ma varfifc`cfóh p`r` c`m` `hfllj ah al prfkar cflfhmrj y luagj p`r` ljs `hflljs ah ljs jtrjs cf lfhmrjs. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh ah ljs pfstjhas ma l` kfsk` k`har` qua cu`hmj ljs axtr`a. @l ahs`kdl`r al `hfllj r`sc`mjr ma `cafta, prfkarj fhsarta al rasjrta y cjljqua al `hfllj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal rasjrta ma k`har` qua al `hfllj ma dljquaj astæ ah al l`mj jpuastj mal dljquaj mal rasjrta. Cjkpruad a quamaalljs `hfllj ma sall`mj mal ah kamfj astæ cjljc`mj l`hflljs ` k`rc` pfhtur` qua j l` p`l`dr` "SQ^ATFJT") b`cf` `rrfd` ). Fhst`lacjh ljs l` ma(k`rc` sall`mjcjh ma k`har` sus dljquajs quamah masvf`mjs mal(cjhsulta dljquaj l` ifgur` Cjkpruada Ifg. Qdfc`cfóh Ifg. `hflljs mal pfstóh al pfstóh mal `hfllj mal lfkpf`mjr ma `cafta ah 04> ¾ ah mfiarahtas mfraccfjhas. Hj cjhiuhm` ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj suparfjr y kamfj, y` qua ]fahah mfiarahtas pariflas. Fhst`l`cfóh mal cfgüað`l y cjkprjd`cfóh ma l`s bjlgur`s ma tr`d`oj ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las. KJ]JT SATFA RQ Qdfc`cfóh ma l` pl`c` ah al dljqua mal kjtjr RQ ` alaccfóh ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las
@. Cómfgj ma d`rr`s (utflfz`mj ah l` prjmuccfóh ma kjtjras) D. Sað`las
Ah `lguhjs kjtjras, l`s kft`mas suparfjr a fhiarfjr ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs tahë`h al kfskj grjsjr. Ah ljs kjtjras ma varsfjhas pjstarfjras, al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs sa ramuoj sfghfifc`tfv`kahta, y p`r` qua sa cukpl` ast` cjhmfcfóh, sa utflfz`h = ravastfkfahtjs mfiarahtas, qua astàh fhmfc`mjs pjr uh` k`rc` ma cjljr ah al axtrakj. Al cjljr ma l` atfquat` fhmfc` al grjsjr mal ijrrj. Al ravastfkfahtj suparfjr ah tjmjs ljs rjm`kfahtjs tfaha al kfskj t`k`ðj, y l` dracb` ma tr`d`oj sa ragul` kamf`hta l` fhst`l`cfóh mal ravastfkfahtj fhiarfjr mal aspasjr raquar raquarfmj. fmj.
Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs Cjljr ma l` atfquat`
Aspasjr (kk) Astàhm`r
Tap`r`cfóh
0,219
4,>>9
@zul (Cl`sa @)
0,239
0,629
Hagrj (Cl`sa) D
0,2=2
0,662
Yarma (Cl`sa) C
0.216
4,>>6
Tjoj (cl`sa) m
0,27>
4.>4>
Ijrrj suparfjr @k`rfllj
Ijrrj fhiarfjr
Ah ljs kjtjras pjstarfjras, ljs huavjs ravastfkfahtjs puamah salaccfjh`rsa utflfz`hmj sað`las ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Ah `usahcf` ma atfquat`s, l`s fhsarcfjhas sa puamah salaccfjh`r sjlj kfmfahmj al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj. L`s k`rc`s ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astàh ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal dljqua, y l`s k`rc`s mal cfgüað`l astàh ah al axtrakj mal puahta mal cfgüað`l. Ast`s atfquat`s sa puamah us`r p`r` salaccfjh`r uh ravastfkfahtj mal grjsjr masa`mj ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. k`har`. B`y mjs lëha`s ma fmahtfifc`cfóh ah al cfgüað`l y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs? uh cómfgj ma d`rr`s utflfz`mj pjr ^augajt ah su prjmuccfóh y uh` sarfa ma cfhcj sëkdjljs. L` prfkar` masfgh`cfóh ah l` sacuahcf` sa raifara `l t`k`ðj mal hÿkarj mal prfkar ravastfkfahtj. L` ÿltfk` masfgh`cfóh ah l` sacuahcf` (qua astà `cjkp`ð`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) sa raifara `l t`k`ðj mal hÿkarj mal qufhtj ravastfkfahtj. Matarkfha al hÿkarj ma masfgh`cfóh ma uh cuallj ma cfgüað`l aspacëifcj y al jrfifcfj mal cjofhata mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Lfhars ma salaccfóh ma hjkjgr`k`s. hjkjgr`k`s.
K`rqua l` masfgh`cfóh mal cfgüað`l ah al aoa suparfjr mal hjkjgr`k` y tr`ca uh` lëha` vartfc`l ` tr`væs ma asta puhtj. Ah al aoa vartfc`l fzqufarmj mal hjkjgr`k`, k`rqua l` masfgh`cfóh mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y tr`ca uh` lëha` bjrfzjht`l ` tr`væs ma asta puhtj. Al puhtj ma fhtarsaccfóh ma l`s lëha`s fhmfc` al t`k`ðj mal ravastfkfahtj p`r` prjpjrcfjh`r al asp`cfj hacas`rfj. ^jr aoakplj, al hjkjgr`k` kuastr` qua al cfgüað`l fhmfc` 9 y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs fhmfc` B, al puhtj ma fhtarsaccfóh mahtrj mal àra` rjo` matarkfh` qua al rjoj (Cl`sa M) as al kàs `macu`mj p`r` jdtahar l` bjlgur` raquarfm`. Tapft` ast` jpar`cfóh p`r` salaccfjh`r ravastfkfahtjs p`r` ljs rast`htas kuðjhas prfhcfp`las mal cfgüað`l. KJ]JT
MFASAL
SATFA
RQM RQM
Ah ljs kjtjra kjtjrass mfæsal, ljs ravastfkfah ravastfkfahtjs tjs suparfjr a fhiarfjr tfahah al kfskj grjsjr. Salaccfóh ma huavjs rjm`kfahtj rjm`kfahtjs. s. KJ]JT SATFA RQ Qdfc`cfóh ma l` pl`c` ah al dljqua mal kjtjr RQ ` alaccfóh ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las
@. Cómfgj ma d`rr`s (utflfz`mj ah l` prjmuccfóh ma kjtjras) D. Sað`las
Ah `lguhjs kjtjras, l`s kft`mas suparfjr a fhiarfjr ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs tahë`h al kfskj grjsjr. Ah ljs kjtjras ma varsfjhas pjstarfjras, al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs sa ramuoj sfghfifc`tfv`kahta, y p`r` qua sa cukpl` ast` cjhmfcfóh, sa utflfz`h = ravastfkfahtjs mfiarahtas, qua astàh fhmfc`mjs pjr uh` k`rc` ma cjljr ah al axtrakj. Al cjljr ma l` atfquat` fhmfc` al grjsjr mal ijrrj. Al ravastfkfahtj suparfjr ah tjmjs ljs rjm`kfahtjs tfaha al kfskj t`k`ðj, y l` dracb` ma tr`d`oj sa ragul` kamf`hta l` fhst`l`cfóh mal ravastfkfahtj fhiarfjr mal aspasjr raquar raquarfmj. fmj.
Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs lftrjs Cjljr ma l` atfquat`
Aspasjr (kk) Astàhm`r
Tap`r`cfóh
0,219
4,>>9
@zul (Cl`sa @)
0,239
0,629
Hagrj (Cl`sa) D
0,2=2
0,662
Yarma (Cl`sa) C
0.216
4,>>6
Tjoj (cl`sa) m
0,27>
4.>4>
Ijrrj suparfjr @k`rfllj
Ijrrj fhiarfjr
Ah ljs kjtjras pjstarfjras, ljs huavjs ravastfkfahtjs puamah salaccfjh`rsa utflfz`hmj sað`las ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Ah `usahcf` ma atfquat`s, l`s fhsarcfjhas sa puamah salaccfjh`r sjlj kfmfahmj al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj. L`s k`rc`s ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astàh ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal dljqua, y l`s k`rc`s mal cfgüað`l astàh ah al axtrakj mal puahta mal cfgüað`l. Ast`s atfquat`s sa puamah us`r p`r` salaccfjh`r uh ravastfkfahtj mal grjsjr masa`mj ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. k`har`. B`y mjs lëha`s ma fmahtfifc`cfóh ah al cfgüað`l y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs? uh cómfgj ma d`rr`s utflfz`mj pjr ^augajt ah su prjmuccfóh y uh` sarfa ma cfhcj sëkdjljs. L` prfkar` masfgh`cfóh ah l` sacuahcf` sa raifara `l t`k`ðj mal hÿkarj mal prfkar ravastfkfahtj. L` ÿltfk` masfgh`cfóh ah l` sacuahcf` (qua astà `cjkp`ð`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) sa raifara `l t`k`ðj mal hÿkarj mal qufhtj ravastfkfahtj. Matarkfha al hÿkarj ma masfgh`cfóh ma uh cuallj ma cfgüað`l aspacëifcj y al jrfifcfj mal cjofhata mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Lfhars ma salaccfóh ma hjkjgr`k`s. hjkjgr`k`s.
K`rqua l` masfgh`cfóh mal cfgüað`l ah al aoa suparfjr mal hjkjgr`k` y tr`ca uh` lëha` vartfc`l ` tr`væs ma asta puhtj. Ah al aoa vartfc`l fzqufarmj mal hjkjgr`k`, k`rqua l` masfgh`cfóh mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y tr`ca uh` lëha` bjrfzjht`l ` tr`væs ma asta puhtj. Al puhtj ma fhtarsaccfóh ma l`s lëha`s fhmfc` al t`k`ðj mal ravastfkfahtj p`r` prjpjrcfjh`r al asp`cfj hacas`rfj. ^jr aoakplj, al hjkjgr`k` kuastr` qua al cfgüað`l fhmfc` 9 y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs fhmfc` B, al puhtj ma fhtarsaccfóh mahtrj mal àra` rjo` matarkfh` qua al rjoj (Cl`sa M) as al kàs `macu`mj p`r` jdtahar l` bjlgur` raquarfm`. Tapft` ast` jpar`cfóh p`r` salaccfjh`r ravastfkfahtjs p`r` ljs rast`htas kuðjhas prfhcfp`las mal cfgüað`l. KJ]JT
MFASAL
SATFA
RQM RQM
Ah ljs kjtjra kjtjrass mfæsal, ljs ravastfkfah ravastfkfahtjs tjs suparfjr a fhiarfjr tfahah al kfskj grjsjr. Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` bjlgur` ma tr`d`oj ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs KJ]JT SATFA RQ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ah 0. Ah ljs prfkarjs kjmaljs ma kjtjras p`r` rap`r`cfjhas fkpjrt`htas, as hacas`rfj fhst`l`r huavjs ravastfkfahtjs. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma kjtjras pjstarfjras, l` dracb` ma tr`d`oj sa puama kjhftjra`r utflfz`hmj ravastfkfahtjs jrfgfh`las. Sfh akd`rgj, as praiarfdla utflfz`r uh huavj cjhouhtj, y` qua ljs rasult`mjs jdtahfmjs saràh kàs pracfsjs. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal ravastfkfahtj y su pjsfcfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la ljs ravastfkfahtjs ah su lug`r. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l`s c`rc`s`s ma ljs cjofhatas suparfjras tfahah uh` suparifcfa ma tr`d`oj cjh uh` r`hur`, y al fhsartj fhiarfjr tfaha uh` suparifcfa ma tr`d`oj sólfm`. =. Al asp`cfj Al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj sa puama varfifc`r us`hmj mjs kætjmjs. 1. Qhj 1. Qhj ma ljs kætjmjs (qua `suka l` prasahcf` ma uh kfcrókatrj p`r` kamfr al mfàkatrj ma ljs jrfifcfjs) as fhst`l`r l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas ouhtj cjh al ravastfkfahtj ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y `tjrhfll`rljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. Kfm` al mfàkatrj fhtarfjr ma c`m` p`r ma c`rc`s`s ma cjofhatas ahs`kdl`m`s. Kamfr al mfàkatrj ma c`m` cuallj mal cfgüað`l. Tasta mal mfàkatrj kamfmj mal cjofhata al mfàkatrj cjrraspjhmfahta mal kuðóh prfhcfp`l mal cfgüað`l. 9. Al saguhmj Al saguhmj kætjmj (y kàs pracfsj) as utflfz`r uh prjmuctj cjhjcfmj cjkj ^l`stfg`ga. Sa tr`t` ma uh` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj ramjhm` qua sa ahcjga ahtra al ravastfkfahtj y al cfgüað`l. Maspuæs ma quft`r l` t`p` mal cjofhata prfhcfp`l, l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m` sa kfma cjh uh` pl`htfll` aspacf`l qua sa fhcluya ah al eft ^l`stfg`ga. Al prjcamfkfahtj p`r` us`r ^l`stfg`ga as al sfgufahta. 7. Ah 7. Ah ljs l js fhsartjs ast`dlacfmj ast`dlacfmjss ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr sa ast`dlaca sfh ahgr`s`r al cf cfgüað` güað`l. l. Ljs cualljs mal cfgüað`l y lljs js ravastfkfaht ravastfkfahtjs js madah ast`r cjkplat`kahta lfkpfjs y sacjs. 2. Cjrta 2. Cjrta `lguh`s pfaz`s ma pl`stfg`ga ma v`rfll` ma plàstfcj (madah sar uh pjcj kàs cjrt`s qua al `hcbj ma ljs cjofhatas prfhcfp`las) a fhstàlal`s ah c`m` cuallj mal cfgüað`l.
6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l`s cudfart`s cjh ljs ravastfkfahtjs fhiarfjras y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa `l p`r raquarfmj. @l kamfr l` bjlgur` utflfz`hmj al kætjmj ^l`stfg`ga, hj gfra al cfgüað`l. 0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` cudfart` ma suoacfóh mal ijrrj, ratëral` y ifoa l` ragl` ma asc`l` fkpras` ah al p`quata ` l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m`. Cjkp`r`hmj al `hcbj ma
l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m` cjh al `hcbj ma raiarahcf` ah l` d`rr` ma asc`l`, matarkfha al t`k`ðj mal asp`cfj.
00. 00. @l @l ifh`l, lfkpfa ` ijhmj ljs r`strjs ma k`tarf`l ^l`stfg`ga ma ljs ravastfkfahtj ravastfkfahtjss y al cfgüað`l. Fhst`l`cfóh ma cfgüað`l
KJ]JTAS SATFAS RQ V RQM RQM JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh `cafta ma kjtjr, fhst`la ljs kamfjs `hflljs ma akpuoa suparfjras ah c`m` l`mj mal rjm`kfahtj prfhcfp`l H¿ 4, y l`s r`hur`s ma ludrfc`cfóh madah mfrfgfrsa b`cf` al cfgüað`l.
4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la ljs c`squflljs c `squflljs ma ljs cjofhatas ah su l ug`r. Ludrfqua l` suparifcfa mal ravastfkfahtj `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj. ^`r`ahuh` fhst`l`cfóh `macu`m` mal ravastfkfahtj cjh fhiarfjr, `lfhaa l` prjtudar`hcf` al ravastfkfahtj cjh l` r`hur` ma l` cudfart` (ilacb`).
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al cfgüað`l ah al dljqua mal kjtjr ma kjmj qua ljs mf`rfjs prfhcfp`las ma ljs cflfhmrjs saguhmj y tarcarj astæh ah ]MC. Cjkprjd`r l` bjlgur` `xf`l mal cfgüað`l. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua ljs ravastfkfahtjs fhiarfjras fhiarfjras ah l`s t`p`s ma ljs ccjofhata jofhatass prfhcfp`las cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj y varfifqu varfifquaa qua l`s prjyaccfjhas prjyaccfjhas ah ljs ravastfkfahtjs astæhmaahcjofhatas l`s r`hur`s ma l` cudfart`. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l`s t`p`s prfhcfp`las mal 4 `l 1 y `tjrhëllal`s sfh `prat`rl`s. 9. @plfqua 9. @plfqua uh` c`p` malg`m` ma sall`mjr ` l` suparifcfa ma `cjpl`kfahtj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs cjh l` prfkar` t`p` mal cjofhata.
7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al sallj ah `kdjs l`mjs ah l` r`hur` ma l` t`p` mal cjofhata Hj. Hj. 0.
2. @l 2. @l fhst`l`r l` cudfart` p`r` prjtagar al sallj cjhtr` al maspl`z`kfahtj, mada us`r mjs tfr`s katàlfc`s cjh uh grjsjr ma >,41 kk.
6. Ludrfqua 6. Ludrfqua `kdjs l`mjs ma l`s d`hm`s katàlfc`s cjh `cafta ma kjtjr y `sagÿral`s `sagÿral`s `l sallj. Fhst`la l` t`p` mal cjofhata h. ¾ 0, fhsarta ljs parhjs ah all` y `tjrhëllal` ` k`hj, luagj axtr`fg` l`s tfr`s katàlfc`s cjh uhjs `lfc`tas.
0>. 0>. @prfata @prfata gr`mu`l y sucasfv`kahta ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas `l p`r raquarfmj. Cjh uh cucbfllj `ifl`mj, cjrta ljs axtrakjs mal sallj p`r` qua sjdras`lg`h `prjxfk`m`kahta 0 kk pjr ahcfk` ma l` suparifcfa mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
00. 00. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs, fhst`la l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas mal`htarj y tr`sarj y `prfata ljs parhjs `l tjrqua raquarfmj. 04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal cfgüað`l. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la ljs pfstjhas cjh v`rfll`s. 0=. 0=. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` uh` r`hur` ma sagkahtj y al `starfscj prfhcfp`l ma l` djkd` ma `cafta cjh l` cjljc`cfóh. Fhst`la l` c`mah` ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` djkd` ma `cafta ah l` ruam` maht`m`. 01. 01. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua l`s suparifc s uparifcfas fas ma cjht`ctj ma l` cudfart` irjht`l y al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs astæh lfkpf`s y sac`s. 09. 09. @plfqua @plfqua uh` c`p` ma malg`m` lg`m` ma sall`mjr ah l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` cudfart` mal sal lj irjht`l y `oÿstal` cjh parhjs. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` irjht`l ah al cfgüað`l. Yarfifqua l` udfc`cfóh ma l` c`mah` ah al pfðóh mal cfgüað`l, fhst`la l` djkd` ma `cafta y al sukfmarj. 07. 07. Sf Sf l` cul`t` b` sfmj rakjvfm`, fhstà fhstàlal`. lal`. Fhst`l`cfjh ma pfstjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Yarfifqua 0. prjtactjr` Yarfifquasaqua alfkfhah ljs cjofhatas cjh uh ma sjlvahta dfal` astæh `macu`mj. fhst`l`mjs Lfkpfa cjrract`kahta. ljs ravastfkfahtjs Sf sa yfhst`l`h l`s dfal`s ravastfkfahtjs cjh uh p`ðj huavjs, lfkpfj qua varfifqua hj sualta quapalus`. tjmjs ljs rastjs ma gr`s` 4. Ludrfqua 4. Ludrfqua ljs cflfhmrjs, pfstjhas y `rjs ma pfstóh. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh ma ljs pfstjhas mada cjkahz cjkahz`r `r cjh al prfkar cflfhmrj. Yarfifqua l` pjsfcfóh ma ljs `hflljs mal pfstóh ah al pfstóh, luagj `prfætaljs cjh uh k`hmrfl aspacf`l. =. Fhsarta =. Fhsarta al pfstóh cjh al k`hmrfl cjkprfkfahmj al `hfllj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal prfkar cflfhmrj. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`, varfifqua qua l` ilacb` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal pfstóh astæ mfrfgfm` b`cf` l` cjrra` maht`m`, y ah ljs kjtjras mfasal, l` kuasc` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal pfstóh astæ mfrfgfm` b`cf` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. Qs`hmj uh dljqua ma k`mar` (k`hgj ma k`rtfllj), akpuoa al pfstóh y prasfóha prasfóhalj lj ouhtj cjh al pfstóh .
1. Cjkpruada 1. Cjkpruada l` `lfha`cfóh ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` cjh al cuallj mal mal cfgüað` cfgüað`l5 l5 sf as hacas`rfj, `prfata `prfata al pfstóh cjh l` dfal` a fh st`la l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` cjh al ravastfkfahtj ah al cuallj mal cfgüað`l.
9. Ast`dlazc` 9. Ast`dlazc` uh` cudfart` ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma uh` v`rfll` cjh uh fhsartj y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ah al kjkahtj raquarfmj. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l`s k`rc`s pravf`kahta k`rc`m`s ah l` t`p` ma l` dfal` y l` dfal` madah ast`r `lfha`m`s.
7. @prfata 7. @prfata l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` t`p` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` cjh uh` ll`va ma tjrsfóh.
2. Gfra 2. Gfra l`s tuarc`s ma ifo`cfóh ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal` `l àhgulj raquarfmj.
6. Maspuæs 6. Maspuæs ma `prat`r l`s tuarc`s ma l`s t`p`s ma cjofhata, gfra al cfgüað`l. Al cfgüað`l mada gfr`r lfdrakahta. Sa raquarfrà uh cfartj asiuarzj `l fhst`l`r huavjs ravastfkfahtjs, parj `l kfskj tfakpj hj sa mada pag`r j gfr`r al aoa cjh gr`h asiuarzj. 0>. 0>. Mal Mal kfskj kjmj, fhst`la ljs tras pfstjhas rast`htas. 00. 00. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y l` djkd` ma `cafta. Salaccfóh ma l` c`rc`s c`rc`s`` mal rjm`kfahtj. rjm`kfahtj. L` k`yjrë` ma ljs kjtjras utflfz`h mjs t`k`ðjs ma c`kfs`s ma càrtar? uh t`k`ðj astàhm`r p`r` us`r cjh uh cfgüað`l astàhm`r y uh t`k`ðj `kplf`mj p`r` us`r cjh uh cfgüað`l pulfmj uh` vaz. 3.3.02.4 . . @htas ma fhst`l`r l` c`daz` fhiarfjr ma l` dfal`, varfifqua al asp`cfj ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal cjofhata ma dfal`, cjkj sa fhmfc` ah l` sudsaccfóh 3.3.02.4 Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` bjlgur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal cjofhata ma dfal`.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa ljs cjofhatas ma dfal` y sus ahcbuias. Al asp`cfj ma tr`d`oj sa puama cjkprjd`r kamf`hta mjs kætjmjs.
4. Qhj 4. Qhj ma ljs kætjmjs (qua `suka l` prasahcf` ma uh kfcrókatrj p`r` kamfr al mfàkatrj ma ljs jrfifcfjs) as fhst`l`r l`s t`p`s ma ljs cjofhatas ma dfal` ouhtj cjh al ravastfkfahtj ah l` dfal` y `tjrhfll`rl`s cjh al kjkahtj raquarfmj. @l fhst`l`r al ravastfkfahtj ah l` prjtudar`hcf` ma l` dfal` ah al ravastfkfahtj (ilacb`), mada fhst`l`rsa ah l` r`hur` ma l` dfal`.
3. Kfm` 3. Kfm` al mfàkatrj fhtarfjr ma c`m` p`r ma c`rc`s`s ma cjofhatas ahs`kdl`m`s. Kamfr al mfàkatrj ma c`m` cfgüað`l ma dfal`. Tasta al mfàkatrj mal p`s`mjr mal cfgüað`l cjrraspjhmfahta `l mfàkatrj kamfmj mal rjm`kfahtj. =. Al saguhmj Al saguhmj (y al kætjmj kàs pracfsj) as utflfz`r uh prjmuctj cjhjcfmj cjkj ^l`stfg`ga. Sa tr`t` ma uh` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj ramjhm` qua sa ahcjga ahtra al ravastfkfahtj y al cfgüað`l. Maspuæs ma ratfr`r l` cudfart` mal cjofhata ma l` dfal`, l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m` sa kfma cjh uh` pl`htfll` aspacf`l qua sa fhcluya ah al eft ^l`stfg`ga. Al prjcamfkfahtj p`r` us`r ^l`stfg`ga as al sfgufahta. 1. Ast`dlazc` 1. Ast`dlazc` uh` d`rr` ycjh uh fhsartj ah al cuallj cjrraspjhmfahta mal cfgüað`l. Ljs cualljs mal cfgüað`l y ljs ravastfkfahtjs madah ast`r cjkplat`kahta lfkpfjs sacjs. 9. Cjrta 9. Cjrta uh pam`zj ma ^l`stfg`ga ma v`rfll` ma plàstfcj (mada sar uh pjcj kàs cjrtj qua al `hcbj ma ljs cjofhatas ma l` dfal`) a fhstàlalj ah al kuðóh mal cfgüað`l kamfmj. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la l` t`p` ma l` dfal` cjh ljs ravastfkfahtjs fhiarfjras y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa `l p`r raquarfmj. @l kamfr l` bjlgur` utflfz`hmj al kætjmj ^l`stfg`ga, hj gfra al cfgüað`l. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla l` t`p` ma l` dfal` qua suoat` al ravastfkfahtj, ratëral` y, ` l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m`, cjljqua l` ragl` ma l` asc`l` fkpras` ah al p`quata. Cjkp`r`hmj al `hcbj ma l` v`rfll` ma plàstfcj maijrk`m` cjh al `hcbj ma raiarahcf` ah l` d`rr` ma asc`l`, matarkfha al t`k`ðj mal asp`cfj. 6. Ifh`lkahta, 6. Ifh`lkahta, lfkpfa ` ijhmj ljs r`strjs ma k`tarf`l ^l`stfg`ga ma ljs ravastfkfahtjs y al cfgüað`l. @rr`hqua mal kjtjr kjtjr maspu maspuæs æs ma l` ravfsfó ravfsfóh h JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ah 0. Ah al kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr mal `utjkóvfl, varfifqua ljs hfvalas ma `cafta y rairfgar`hta mal kjtjr. Cjkpruada qua tjmjs ljs c`dlas y k`hguar`s ratfr`mjs `htarfjrkahta astæh ah su lug`r. Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` g`sjlfh` 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla l`s duoë`s y mascjhacta al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla ratfr`hmj ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l`s duoë`s y cjhacta al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Kjtjras mfasal mfasal =. ^`r` =. ^`r` avft`r qua al kjtjr `rr`hqua ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, mascjhacta al c`dla ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, luagj gfra al kjtjr cjh al `rr`hc`mjr b`st` qua sa `p`gua l` luz ma `mvartahcf` ma prasfóh ma `cafta. Yualv` ` cjhact`r al c`dla ` l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, as suifcfahta quft`r al ralæ ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla kultfiuhcfjh`l udfc`mj ah l` ACQ.
1. Llaha 1. Llaha al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla cjh cjkdustfdla. 9. ^rasfjha 9. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal `calar`mjr b`st` qua sa matahg`, gfra l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj ` l` pjsfcfóh "K" y aspara b`st` qua l` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl ma l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta sa `p`gua. ]jmjs ljs kjtjras kjtjras Al `rr`hqua mal kjtjr puama sar kàs l`rgj ma lj hjrk`l madfmj ` l` p`r`m` mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. 7. @rr`hqua 7. @rr`hqua al kjtjr. 2. Cu`hmj 2. Cu`hmj al kjtjr astæ `l r`lahtë, cjkpruada sf b`y iug`s ma cjkdustfdla, rairfgar`hta y `cafta. Ah ast` at`p` mal iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr, sa puamah jdsarv`r al jljr y al bukj ma l`s pfaz`s c`laht`m`s mal kjtjr mur`hta l` quak` mal `cafta `tr`p`mj ah al kjtjr mur`hta al ahs`kdl`oa. 6. Al 6. Al kjtjr mada ast`r ` r`lahtë b`st` qua al rairfgar`hta astæ c`lfahta, lj qua sa sahtfrà ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` suparfjr mal r`mf`mjr. Luagj `p`g` al kjtjr. 0>. 0>. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua l` fhst`l`cfóh mal tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj (kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`) j l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla (kjtjras mfasal). 00. 00. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada ljs hfvalas ma `cafta y rairfgar`hta. 04. 04. Ah Ah ljs kjtjras mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, maspuæs ma ahirf`r al kjtjr, vualv` ` `prat`r ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` cul`t`. 03. 03. @l @l uh fhst`l`r al al kjtjr huavjscjkplat`kahta pfstjhas, `hflljs`dfartj j cjofhatas cfgüað`l, as `hacas`rfj b`car iuhcfjh`r al kjtjr mur`hta ljsraakpl`z`r prfkarjs 2>> ek. Hjy al jpara kjtjrahcjh `calar`mjr j d`ojmac`rg` pas`m` d`o`s valjcfm`mas mal kjtjr. Sa racjkfahm` al `cafta ifltrj ma `cafta `l ifh`l mal parëjmj ma rjm`oa. Sfstak`s ma rairfgar`cfó rairfgar`cfóh, h, c`lai`ccfóh y vahtfl`cfó vahtfl`cfóh. h. Al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh ma uh tfpj barkætfcj carr`mj fhcluya uh` djkd` ma `gu`, qua as `ccfjh`m` pjr uh` cjrra` maht`m`, uh r`mf`mjr ma `lukfhfj, uh vahtfl`mjr ma r`mf`mjr alæctrfcj, uh tarkjst`tj, uh c`laht`mjr, k`hguar`s a fhtarruptjras. Al sfstak` iuhcfjh` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. Al rairfgar`hta irëj ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal r`mf`mjr iluya ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` ` l` djkd` ma `gu` y sa djkda` ` tr`væs ma ljs c`h`las prfhcfp`las mal dljqua mal kjtjr y ` tr`væs mal ahirf`mjr ma `cafta (mjhma astà). Maspuæs ma ahirf`r ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr, l` càk`r` ma cjkdustfóh y ljs `sfahtjs ma l`s vàlvul`s, al rairfgar`hta sa sukfhfstr` `l tarkjst`tj, qua sa cfarr` ah al parëjmj ma tfakpj fhfcf`l. Al rairfgar`hta t`kdfæh p`s` ` tr`væs mal c`laht`mjr y ragras` ` tr`væs mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ` l` djkd` ma `gu`. Ah uh kjtjr irëj, al rairfgar`hta cfrcul` sjlj ` tr`væs mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, l` cul`t` y al c`laht`mjr. Cu`hmj al rairfgar`hta `lc`hz` uh` cfart` takpar`tur`, al tarkjst`tj cjkfahz` ` `drfrsa y al rairfgar`hta iluya ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` suparfjr b`cf` al r`mf`mjr. Cu`hmj al rairfgar`hta cjkfahz` ` cfrcul`r, sa ahirë` cjh uh` cjrrfahta ma `fra ` kamfm` qua al vabëculj sa kuava. Sf as hacas`rfj, al iluoj ma `fra `ukaht` cjh al
iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma ljs vahtfl`mjras alæctrfcjs. Maspuæs ma `lc`hz`r l` d`sa mal r`mf`mjr, al rairfgar`hta sa ahirfó y al cfclj sa rapatfrà. Cu`hmj al kjtjr sa c`lfaht` ` l` takpar`tur` hjrk`l ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj, al rairfgar`hta sa axp`hma y sa axpuls` `l t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. @l ahirf`r al kjtjr, al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj sa `lfkaht` masma al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh. Ah ljs vabëculjs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, p`rta mal rairfgar`hta iluya masma l` d`sa mal r`mf`mjr ` tr`væs ma uh rairfgar`mjr kjht`mj ah l` tr`hskfsfóh. Ah ljs vabëculjs cjh uh ahirf`mjr ma `cafta, al rairfgar`hta t`kdfæh p`s` ` tr`væs ma æl. Al vahtfl`mjr alæctrfcj mal r`mf`mjr astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh sahsjr tærkfcj qua, cu`hmj sa supar` uh` cfart` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta, ahcfahma al vahtfl`mjr. @mvartahcf`
@l `drfr l` t`p` mal t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh ah uh kjtjr c`lfahta, tahg` cufm`mj, pjrqua Ljs v`pjras c`lfahtas y al rairfgar`hta puamah c`us`r quak`mur`s gr`vas. Hj parkft` qua al rairfgar`hta ahtra ah l` rjp` y ah l` pfhtur` cjrpjr`l. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, ahou`gua l` suparifcfa cjh `duhm`hta `gu`.
Cu`hmj masprasurfca al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj cjh uh kjtjr c`lfahta, cjljqua l` tal` ah al t`póh ma llah`mj ah al t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh, masahrjsqua laht`kahta al t`póh p`r` lfdar`r prasfóh.Cu`hmj sa b`y` lfdar`mj tjm` l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj, ratfra l` t`p` ma llah`mj. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` ^rasfóh kàxfk` mal sfstak`
0.= d`r
]arkjst`tj ]akpar`tur` ma `partur`? - Kjtjras ` g`sjlfh` cjh 2 vàlvul`s. - Kjtjras ` g`sjlfh` cjh 09 vàlvul`s. - kjtjras mfasal
26 ¾ Р
23 ¾ C 23 ¾ C
Cjhaxfóh ma l` k`hguar` ma rairfgar`hta @mvartahcf` L`s k`hguar`s sjlj sa puamah quft`r maspuæs ma ahirf`r al kjtjr p`r` avft`r quak`mur`s. @htas ma cjkahz`r ` tr`d`o`r, mraha al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh.
CJHARFJHAS CJHYAHCFJH@LAS MA K@HGQAT@S K@HGQAT@S JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
Qh` cjhaxfóh ma k`hguar` tëpfc` as uh` k`hguar` ma sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj qua sa akpuo` cjkplat`kahta ah l` djqufll` y sa suoat` masma `rrfd` cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`. ^`r` quft`r l` k`hguar` as hacas`rfj `iljo`r l` `dr`z`mar`, kjvarl` masma al puhtj ma cjhaxfóh ` lj l`rgj ma l` k`hguar` y s`c`r l` k`hguar` ma l` djqufll`. Sf l` k`hguar` astà ifrkakahta `saht`m` ah al `ccasjrfj, `l `prat`r l` k`hguar`, gëral` ah mfiarahtas mfraccfjhas j b`g` p`l`hc` ah al axtrakj ma l` k`hguar` cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr.
@mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj ratfra l` k`hguar` ma l` cjhaxfóh mal r`mf`mjr, tahg` cufm`mj, pjrqua Al `ccasjrfj mal r`mf`mjr as iràgfl y puama rjkparsa iàcflkahta. Sf l` k`hguar` hj raakpl`z`m` sa ratfr` ma l`pjr djqufll`, puama cjrt`rl` ` lj l`rgj ma l` djqufll` y, cjrt`hmj ` lj l`rgj mal aoa, ratëral` ma l` djqufll`. Ah asta c`sj, l` k`hguar` mada sar uh` huav`.
K@HGQAT@ CJH CJHAC]JT AS^ACF@L TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Ah cu`lqufar cjhaxfóh ma l` k`hguar` cjh uh cjhactjr aspacf`l, sfakpra mada fhst`l`r uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj.
0. Ah 0. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, sa puamah fhst`l`r cjhactjras ma plàstfcj aspacf`las p`r` cjhact`r l` k`hguar`. ^`r` alfkfh`r asta tfpj ma cjhactjr, mada `ctu`r ma l` sfgufahta k`har`.
4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` quft`r l` k`hguar` cjh uh cjhactjr aspacf`l, gfra al `hfllj ma dljquaj (4) ah al jo`l (0) b`st` qua sa matahg`.
3. Sualta 3. Sualta l` lahgüat` mal cjhactjr ma l` k`hguar` p`r` lfdar`r l`s `dr`z`mar`s (3).
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` k`hguar` y al cjhactjr aspacf`l mal r`mf`mjr. 1. @l 1. @l fhst`l`r al cjhactjr, lfkpfa l`s mjs kft`mas mal cjhactjr cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj. 9. Taakpl`ca 9. Taakpl`ca l` ouht` tórfc` cjh al cjhactjr. L` udfc`cfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj sa fhmfc` kamf`hta l` ilacb`.
7. Gfra 7. Gfra al `hfllj ma dljquaj b`c b`cf` f` l` maracb` b`st` qua b`g` clfc.
2. Cu`hmj 2. Cu`hmj fhst`la al cjhactjr ma l` k`hguar` ah su lug`r, cjljqua cjrract`kahta l` r`hur` ma `lfha`cfóh (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`).
6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la al cjhactjr ah al r`mf`mjr b`st` qua ljs g`hcbjs ahc`oah ah su lug`r. 0>. 0>. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua l` cjhaxfóh tfr`hmj ma l` k`hguar`. 00. 00. @gragua @gragua ilufmj `l sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. 04. 04. Tavfsa Tavfsa al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj p`r` matact`r iug`s. B@CAT CLFC AH L@ CJHARFÓH MA K@HGQAT@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` ^`r` c`m` cjhaxfóh ràpfm` ma l` k`hguar`, fhst`la sfakpra uh` huav` ouht` tórfc`. 0. @lguhjs 0. @lguhjs kjmaljs tfahah k`hguar`s ma sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj cjh cjhactjras ` prasfóh, as macfr, al `cjpl`kfahtj astà `sagur`mj cjh uh `hfllj ma ratahcfóh (al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal cjhactjr sa fhmfc` kamf`hta l` ilacb`).
4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` mascjhact`r asta tfpj ma cjhaxfóh cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr paquaðj, ratfra al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh.Maspuæs ma asj puama quft`r l` k`hguar` mal cjhactjr.
3. @l 3. @l ahs`kdl`r al cjhactjr, fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah al fhtarfjr mal cjhactjr y cjhacta `kd`s p`rtas mal cjhactjr b`st` qua astæh `sagur`m`s cjh uh `hfllj ma ratahcfóh. Cjkpruada qua al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh astæ cjljc`mj cjrract`kahta ah l` r`hur` mal fhtarfjr mal cjhactjr. @l kjvar l` k`hguar` b`cf` uh l`mj, varfifqua l` cjhaxfóh y vualv` ` llah`r al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. T`mf`mjr Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Y`cëa 4. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal vahtfl`mjr ah al sahsjr ma takpar`tur`. Al sahsjr astà `tjrhfll`mj ah al r`mf`mjr. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta l`s k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh mal r`mf`mjr.
1. Ah 1. Ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal r`mf`mjr, ratfra ljs sjpjrtas mal r`mf`mjr y masvëa al r`mf`mjr `l kjtjr. Tatfra cjh cufm`mj al r`mf`mjr p`r` hj m`ð`r l`s pl`c`s mal r`mf`mjr. ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hj parmar al r`mf`mjr ma sjpjrta ma gjk` fhiarfjr. Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Sf 0. Sf sa ratfró al r`mf`mjr madfmj ` uh` mfskfhucfóh ah al rahmfkfahtj, làvalj cjh uh cbjrrj ma `gu` ah mjs mfraccfjhas. @iuar`, sjpl`r al r`mf`mjr cjh `fra cjkprfkfmj. 4. Sf 4. Sf al r`mf`mjr tfaha iug`s, hj fhtahta prap`r`r j sjlm`r l` iug`5 L`s pfaz`s ma plàstfcj mal r`mf`mjr sa m`ð`ràh. 3. L`s 3. iug`s kahjras ahmal al r`mf`mjr sa gjk` puamahfhiarfjr alfkfh`r al sall`mjr =. Cjkpruada =. L`s Cjkpruada al ast`mj sjpjrta ma ma cjh uh r`mf`mjr y, mal sf asr`mf`mjr. hacas`rfj, càkdfalj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - varfifqua qua l`s prjyaccfjhas fhiarfjras ah al r`mf`mjr astæh cjrract`kahta fhst`l`m`s ah al tr`vas`ðj mal`htarj5 - cu`hmj cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s `l r`mf`mjr, usa huav`s ouht`s tórfc`s ah ljs cjhactjras5 - Ifh`lkahta, rapjhar al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. ]arkjst`tj @mvartahcf` Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh mal tarkjst`tj as hacas`rfj ast`dlacar uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj. Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. Y`cëa 4. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Ah ljs kjtjras turdj mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj astà fhst`l`m` ah al l`mj tr`sarj maracbj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, y p`r` `ccamar `l tarkjst`tj as hacas`rfj lav`ht` lav`ht`rr l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl. Ah tjmjs ljs makàs kjmaljs, l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) astà fhst`l`m` ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`.
3. Sf 3. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al c`dla`mj y l`s k`hguar`s ma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y `læoaljs ma l` c`rc`s` mal tarkjst`tj. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh ma l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh y mast`pa uh` c`o` ma tarkjst`tj. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al tarkjst`tj ma l` c`rc`s`. Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sa puama Sa puama ra`lfz`r uh` uh` varfifc`cfóh varfifc`cfóh `prjxfk`m` mal tarkjst`tj cjlg`hmj ma uh` cuarm` ah uh racfpfahta ma vfmrfj llahj ma `gu` y c`laht`hmj al `gu` b`st` qua bfarv`. @l barvfr al `gu` al tarkjst`tj mada `drfrsa. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, raakplàz`lj. 4. L` takpar`tur` L` takpar`tur` ma `partur` mal tarkjst`tj sa `plfc` `l tarkjst`tj. 3. Al tarkjst`tj, Al tarkjst`tj, qua hj cfarr` cu`hmj sa ahirë` al `gu`, t`kdfæh mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Fhst`la sfakpra uh huavj sallj (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm` - fhst`la uh huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al tarkjst`tj, ijtj ma l` maracb` - fhst`la al tarkjst`tj ah l` c`rc`s`)5
- ah ljs kjmaljs ah ljs qua l` k`hguar` ma rairfgar`hta astà cjhact`m` ` l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj cjh uh` cjhaxfóh ma prasfóh, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r l` ouht` tórfc` ah al cjhactjr5 - rapjhar al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Yahtfl`mjr alactrfcj alactrfcj Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. L` `lfkaht`cfóh L` `lfkaht`cfóh ma ljs vahtfl`mjras ma rairfgar`cfóh sa sukfhfstr` ` tr`væs mal dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj y al iusfdla. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj, al vahtfl`mjr astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh sahsjr tærkfcj fhst`l`mj ah al l`mj fzqufarmj mal r`mf`mjr. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj `cjhmfcfjh`m j y tjmjs ljs kjtjras mfasal, ljs vahtfl`mjras astàh cjhtrjl`mjs cjhtrjl`mjs pjr uh sahsjr Dftrjh. kamfmjr 4. Al vahtfl`mjr Al vahtfl`mjr ma takpar`tur` mada ahcahmarsa mal kjtjrcu`hmj ahtra ah sa al axcama sactjrl`rjoj takpar`tur` j `htas mamaqua iuhcfjh`kfahtj sa ahcfahm` l`malluzkjtjr, ma `mvartahcf` as macfr, Qhjs cu`hmj kfhutjs l` takpar`tur` `htas ma qua mal rairfgar`hta l` ilacb` mal axcam`. Sf al vahtfl`mjr hj sa ahcfahma, ratfra ljs c`dlas mal sahsjr tærkfcj, cjhæctaljs y ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj. Sf al vahtfl`mjr cjkfahz` ` iuhcfjh`r maspuæs ma asj, al sahsjr tærkfcj qua hacasft` sar raakpl`z`mj prjd`dlakahta b`y` i`ll`mj. 3. Ah 3. Ah c`sj ma qua al vahtfl`mjr `ÿh hj iuhcfjha, varfifqua sf l` tahsfóh sa `plfc` `l sahsjr ma takpar`tur`. Sf hj b`y vjlt`oa ah al sahsjr ma takpar`tur`, ljs c`dlas puamah m`ð`rsa j al iusfdla puama axpljt`r. Sf sa `plfc` vjlt`oa, varfifqua l` cjhaxfóh cjh l` cjhaxfóh ` tfarr` mal saguhmj c`dla mal sahsjr. Sf al tbarkjm`ctfe y al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj astàh ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas, sfghfifc` qua al kjtjr mal vahtfl`mjr puama ast`r m`ð`mj. Al kjtjr alæctrfcj sa puama varfifc`r `plfcàhmjla vjlt`oa cjh c`dlas `mfcfjh`las ma l` d`tarë`. Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al r`mf`mjr. 4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa, luagj ratfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa qua ifo` al cjhouhtj mal cjhmahs`mjr ` l` cudfart` mal vahtfl`mjr. Kuav` al cjhouhtj mal cjhmahs`mjr b`cf` uh l`mj p`r` qua sa `dr` al `ccasj ` l`s tuarc`s mal kjtjr mal vahtfl`mjr. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` raofll` mal r`mf`mjr.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh` c`rc`s` mal vahtfl`mjr `l cfarra ma l` cudfart`. Mascjhacta al c`dla ma dljquaj mal c`pó mal dljquaj y axtràfg`lj. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al kjtjr cjh al vahtfl`mjr ma l` c`rc`s`. 1. Sf 1. Sf as hacas`rfj, mas`tjrhflla mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra al vahtfl`mjr ma mall aoa mal kjtjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - @htas ma l` fhst`l`cfóh, cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l` c`rc`s` mal vahtfl`mjr5 - varfifqua al ast`mj mal c`dla`mj c `dla`mj alæctr alæctrfcj fcj y su fhst`l`cfóh ah ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa kjht`oa55 - Fhst`la al r`mf`mjr. Sahsjras tærkfcjs KJMALJS MA G@SJLFH@ SFH @FTA @CJHMFCFJH@MJ Fhspaccfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` `lfkaht`cfóh L` `lfkaht`cfóh ma ljs vahtfl`mjras ma rairfgar`cfóh sa sukfhfstr` ` tr`væs mal dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj y al iusfdla. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` sfh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj, al vahtfl`mjr astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh sahsjr tærkfcj fhst`l`mj ah al r`mf`mjr ah al l`mj fzqufarmj. Ah ljs kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj y tjmjs ljs kjtjras mfasal, ljs vahtfl`mjras astàh cjhtrjl`mjs pjr uh sahsjr Dftrjh. 4. Al vahtfl`mjr Al vahtfl`mjr mada ahcahmarsa cu`hmj sa axcama l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr, as macfr, Qhjs kfhutjs `htas ma qua l` ilacb` mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` mal kjtjr ahtra ah al sactjr rjoj j `htas ma qua sa ahcfahm` l` luz ma `mvartahcf` cu`hmj l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta as mak`sf`mj `lt`. Sf al vahtfl`mjr hj sa ahcfahma, ratfra ljs c`dlas mal sahsjr tærkfcj, cjhæctaljs y ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj. Sf al vahtfl`mjr cjkfahz` ` iuhcfjh`r maspuæs ma asj, al sahsjr tærkfcj qua hacasft` sar raakpl`z`mj prjd`dlakahta b`y` i`ll`mj. Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al sahsjr Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` astà fhst`l`mj ah al r`mf`mjr ah al l`mj fzqufarmj. @htas ma ratfr`r al sahsjr tærkfcj, al kjtjr y al r`mf`mjr madah ast`r irëjs. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 3. Mraha 3. Mraha p`rcf`lkahta al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj p`r` qua al hfval ma rairfgar`hta astæ pjr mad`oj mal sahsjr. @ltarh`tfv`kahta, as pjsfdla hj sa mrah`r lëqufmj mal sfstak` ahirf`kfahtj, asta c`sj, madaaltahar cufm`mj ma hj ma m`ð`r al r`mf`mjr.y maspuæs ma mas`tjrhfll`r al sahsjr, as kuy ràpfmj fhst`l`r uh t`póh ah lug`r mal sahsjr. Ah =. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs c`dlas ma ljs cjht`ctjs mal sahsjr. 1. ]ahg` 1. ]ahg` cufm`mj ma masahrjsc`r al sahsjr ma uh r`mf`mjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma fhst`l`r al sahsjr, raakpl`ca l` ouht` tórfc`. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al sahsjr ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh. @prfata ifrkakahta al sahsjr y rallaha al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. 3. @rr`hqua 3. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y c`lfæhtalj b`st` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj. @ kamfm` qua l` takpar`tur` `ukaht`, varfifqua qua al sahsjr ahcfahma al vahtfl`mjr. KJMALJS MA G@SJLFH@ CJH @FTA @CJHMFCFJH@MJ V ]JMJS LJS KJMALJS MFASAL MFASAL Ljs vahtfl`mjras ma ahirf`kfahtj sjh cjhtrjl`mjs cjhtrjl`mjs pjr uh sahsjr "Dftrjh" udfc`mj ah l` cc`o` `o` mal tarkjst`tj ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Al sahsjr Dftrjh t`kdfæh cjhtrjl` al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj y as hacas`rfj varfifc`r su rahmfkfahtj ah uh` ast`cfóh ^augajt aspacf`lfz`m`. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al 0. Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` "Dftrjh" sa `tjrhfll` ah l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj ma uh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` j l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla mfasal, qua astà `tjrhfll`m` `l l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. Al sahsjr sa puama fmahtfifc`r pjr al cjljr k`rróh mal c`dla qua v` `l sahsjr. 4. L` 4. L` axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh sjh sfkfl`ras ` l`s mascrft`s `htarfjrkahta p`r` al fhtarruptjr ma takpar`tur` mal vahtfl`mjr mal r`mf`mjr.
SAHSJT MA ]AK^AT@]QT@ MAL LËPQFMJ TAITFGAT@H]A AH AL SFS]AK@ MA CJH]TJL MA CJKDQS]FDLA MA FHVACCFÓH Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al 0. Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta ah al sfstak` ma cjhtrjl ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla astà `tjrhfll`mj ah al `ljo`kfahtj mal tarkjst`tj, qua astà `tjrhfll`mj `l l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. c ul`t`. Al sahsjr sa puama fmaht fmahtfifc`r fifc`r pjr al c`dla varma qua v` `l sahsjr.
4. Al 4. Al sahsjr as uh tarkfstjr. L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ) sukfhfstr` vjlt`oa `l sahsjr y, `l kamfr l` cjrrfahta qua iluya ` tr`væs ma æl, matarkfh` l` takpar`tur` mal kjtjr. Ast` fhijrk`cfóh as utflfz`m` pjr l` ACQ p`r` cjhtrjl`r al tfakpj ma `partur` mal fhyactjr (`hcbj ma pulsj). Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë y al tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj t`kdfæh astàh matarkfh`mjs pjr l` takpar`tur` mal kjtjr. 3. Sf 3. Sf al sahsjr i`ll`, al sfstak` ma l``uhqua ACQ ahtr` ah kjmj mjdla, asAhmacfr, c`htfm`m pramatarkfh`m` qua parkftfrà qua al sfstak` ma ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla iuhcfjha, cjh kahjr aifcfahcf`. asta `mjpt` c`sj, l`uh` làkp`r` ma `l`rk` cjrraspjhmfahta sa ahcahmarà ah al grupj fhstrukahtjs, lj qua sfghfifc` qua mada cjkuhfc`rsa cjh uh t`llar cu`hmj lj hacasfta. Asta sahsjr sa puama prjd`r cjh uh aqufpj ma mf`ghóstfcj aspacf`l ma ^augajt. Hj fhtahta varfifc`r al sahsjr utflfz`hmj uh aqufpj qua hj astà mfsað`mj p`r` astj, y` qua ^uama masb`dflft`r l` ACQ. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` "Dftrjh" sa `tjrhfll` ah uh` c`o` ma tarkjst`tj ah uh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` j uh` c`o` ma ifltrj mfasal ah kjtjras mfasal, qua astà `tjrhfll`m` `l l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. Al sahsjr sa puama fmahtfifc`r pjr al cjljr k`rróh mal c`dla qua v` `l sahsjr. Sahsjr ma axcasj ma takpar`tur` ma rairfgar`ht rairfgar`htaa ma l` làkp`r` @mvartahcf` Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh kjtjr ma g`sjlfh` cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj y ah ljs kjmaljs cjh kjtjr mfasal, al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` "Dftrjh" cjhtrjl` al fhmfc`mjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta.
Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Al 0. Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` "Dftrjh" (fhmfc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) sa `tjrhfll` ah al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`.Al sahsjr sa puama fmahtfifc`r fmahtfifc`r pjr al cjljr `zul mal cjhactjr alæctrfcj. alæctrfcj. Ah ljs kjmaljs kjmaljs 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs cjh 09 vàlvul`s, ljs sahsjras sa `tjrhfll`h ah l` c`o` mal tarkjst`tj.
4Al kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta as `lfkaht`mj pjr uh vjlt`oa cjhst`hta masma al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs (` tr`væs mal dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj y al iusfdla). Al sahsjr ma Dftrjh sa fhst`l` ah al cfrcuftj ma k`s` mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur`. Al sahsjr cjhtfaha uh tarkfst`, uh cjkpjhahta alactróhfcj, cuy` rasfstahcf` alæctrfc` mfskfhuya ma `cuarmj cjh uh` lay matarkfh`m` ` kamfm` qua `ukaht` su takpar`tur`. Cu`hmj al
rairfgar`hta astà irëj, l` rasfstahcf` mal sahsjr as gr`hma y, cjkj rasult`mj, l` cjrrfahta alæctrfc` ` tr`væs mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` as d`o` y al fhmfc`mjr `puht` `l àra` `zul (irë`) ma l` asc`l`. Cu`hmj l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta `ukaht` y l` rasfstahcf` mal sahsjr mfskfhuya, as macfr, `ukahtj ma l` cjrrfahta alæctrfc`, Al puhtarj sa kuava ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` asc`l`. Sf al sahsjr astà maiactujsj, mada sar raakpl`z`mj. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs cjhfhst`htàhaj, uh` làkp`r`qua ma sa `l`rk` maah sjdrac`laht`kfahtj, luz cjhact` sa `lfkaht` masma al t`dlarjSfmasafhstrukahtjs sa`mvartahcf` cjhtrjl` kamf`hta uh sahsjr makjmaljs ahcahmfmj fhst`l` al cfrcuftj mal c`dlal`qua l` djkdfll` ` tfarr`. fhst`l` l` luzyma ma sjdrac`laht`kfahtj `makàs mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur`, sa cjhact`h ` l` k`s` mal vabëculj kamf`hta mjs c`dlas sap`r`mjs ` tr`væs ma sahsjras. =. Sf =. Sf al kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` kuastr` al `ukahtj ma takpar`tur` y l` luz hj sa ahcfahma, ahtjhcas as hacas`rfj varfifc`r al sukfhfstrj ma vjlt`oa y l` aifcfahcf` mal sahsjr. ^uama b`dar uh` i`ll` ah al axpljr`mjr ma ^CD. L` i`ll` sa puama matarkfh`r ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. 1. Sf 1. Sf al fhmfc`mjr mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` astà ah l` zjh` irë` ma l` dàscul` cu`hmj al kjtjr astà c`lfahta, ratfra al c`dla mal sahsjr y cjhæctalj ` l` cul`t`. Sf al puhtarj mal puhtarj sa masvë` cu`hmj sa ahcfahma l` fghfcfóh, ahtjhcas al sahsjr astà maiactujsj y mada raakpl`z`rsa. Sf l` ilacb` hj sa masvë`, ratfra al t`dlarj y varfifqua l` fhtagrfm`m mal c`dla ahtra al sahsjr y al kamfmjr ma takpar`tur`. Sf al c`dla astà fht`ctj y al maiactj astà prasahta, sfghfifc` qua al kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` astà maiactujsj y mada sar raakpl`z`mj. 9. Sf 9. Sf l` `guo` mal kamfmjr ma takpar`tur` fhmfc` uh` saccfóh c`lfahta ma l` asc`l` cu`hmj al kjtjr astà irëj, ratfra al c`dla mal sahsjr. Sf al puhtarj mal puhtarj ragras` ` l` p`rta irë` ma l` asc`l` cu`hmj al ahcahmfmj astà ahcahmfmj, ahtjhcas al sahsjr astà maiactujsj y mada raakpl`z`rsa. Sf l` ilacb` mal puhtarj `ÿh astà ah su lug`r, varfifqua al cfrcuftj cjkj sa mascrfdfó `htarfjrkahta. 7. Al 7. Al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` làkp`r` ma `mvartahcf` ma sjdrac`laht`kfahtj sa varfifc` ma l` kfsk` k`har`. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Al prjcamfkfahtj ma axtr`ccfóh as sfkfl`r ` l` axtr`ccfóh mal sahsjr ma takpar`tur` p`r` ahcahmar al vahtfl`mjr mal r`mf`mjr. Djkd` ma `gu` Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Y`cëa 0. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa, ratfra l` djkd` ma `gu` mal kjtjr ouhtj cjh l` ouht`. Tatfra l` ouht` ma l` djkd`. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` djkd` y al kjtjr. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht`. Kjhta l` djkd` ah al kjtjr y suoætal` cjh parhjs. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh.
3. Llaha 3. Llaha al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj cjh al sfstak` ma ahirf`kfahtj. Sfstak` ma c`lai`ccfó c`lai`ccfóh h y vahtfl`cfóh. Al sfstak` c`lai`ccfóh vahtfl`cfóh cjhsfst cjhsfstaa ah uh vahtfl`mj vahtfl`mjrr udfc`mj mad`oj mal p`hal, djqufll`s ma vahtfl`cfóh udfc`m`s ah al cahtrj y ah ljs l`m js mal p`hal, ymacjhmuctjs ma y`fra. L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl astà udfc`m` ah al p`hal y cjhtrjl` l`s `lat`s p`r` masvf`r y kazcl`r al `fra qua p`s` ` tr`væs ma l`s mfstfht`s p`rtas mal sfstak` ma c`lai`ccfóh y vahtfl`cfóh. Al `fra irëj fhgras` `l sfstak` ` tr`væs ma l` raofll` ah ll`` p`rta tr`sar` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Sf as hacas`rfj, l` c`htfm`m ma iluoj ma `fra sa puama `ukaht`r `l ahcahmar al vahtfl`mjr. Al `fra mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs sa alfkfh` ` tr`væs ma ljs tudjs ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utjkóvfl. ^`r` c`laht`r al `fra, al `fra irëj p`s` ` tr`væs ma uh r`mf`mjr c`laht`mjr pjr rairfgar`hta c`lfahta. Mapahmfahmj ma l` pjsfcfóh ma ljs fhtarrupt f htarruptjras, jras, al `fra iirascj rascj sa puama carr`r kfahtr`s al `fra cfrcul` cf rcul` mahtrj mal `utjkóv `utjkóvfl. fl. Alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma c`lai`ccfóh. QHFM@M MA CJH]TJL Tatfrj Tatfrj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal p`hal.
3. Masma 3. Masma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl, sualta ljs clfps y mascjhacta ljs c`dlas ma cjhtrjl ma l` uhfm`m. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma l` uhfm`m y ratfra cjkplat`kahta l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl.
Fhst`l`cfjh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sama ra`lfz` ah alma jrmah fhvarsj Cjkpruada qua al c`dla ma cjhtrjl astæ cjljc`mj astrfct`kahta ah su lug`r. Cjkpruada al iuhcfjh`kfahtj l` uhfm`m cjhtrjl `htasmamaalfkfh`cfóh. fhst`l`r al racaptjr ma r`mfj. C@DLAS MA GAS]FÓH MA TA]FTJ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra ljs c`dlas ma cjhtrjl ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl. 4. ]r`d`o`hmj 4. ]r`d`o`hmj ` tr`væs ma uh jrfifcfj ah al p`hal j mad`oj mal p`hal, mascjhacta ljs sjpjrtas y al c`dla cjrraspjhmfahta mal c`laht`mjr. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkpruada qua ljs c`dlas ma cjhtrjl astàh cjljc`mjs cjrract`kahta. T`mf`mjr ma c`lai`ccfóh @mvartahcf` Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ah al lug`r ma uh r`mf`mjr ma uh c`laht`mjr sa madah us`r huavjs `hflljs ma sall`mj.
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Y`cëa 0. Y`cëa al rairfgar`hta mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Suoata `ltarh`tfv`kahta l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma rairfgar`hta `l r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr carc` ma l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra al sjpjrta ma sjpjrta mal p`hal p`r` uh kaojr `ccasj `l r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr.
3. Cjljqua 3. Cjljqua uh racfpfahta `prjpf`mj mad`oj mal r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa y ratfra ljs tudjs ma rairfgar`hta `l r`mf`mjr. Aspara b`st` qua al rairfgar`hta rast`hta iluy` b`cf` al racfpfahta. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma ljs tudjs.
1. Taakpl`ca 1. Taakpl`ca l`s ouht`s tórfc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr ilacb`s) ah ljs axtrakjs ma ljs tudjs.
9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) mal r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr y maslëcalj iuar` mal zóc`lj.
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) mal r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr y maslëcalj iuar` mal zóc`lj. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - fhst`l`r huavjs salljs `hul`ras ah l`s tudar tudarë`s5 ë`s5 - maslfca al r`mf`mjr mal c`laht`mjr ah su lug`r y cjhæctalj ` ljs tudjs. Tatfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l`s k`hguar`s5 - Llaha al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh cjh rairfgar`hta.
Takjcfóh MAL KJ]JT MAL YAH]FL@MJT MAL C@LAH]@MJT C@LAH]@MJT TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al 0. Al kjtjr mal vahtfl`mjr mal c`laht`mjr sa ahcuahtr` ah al l`mj maracbj mad`oj mal p`hal irjht`l. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Tatfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa ma l` d`sa mal p`hal mal l`mj mal p`s`oarj. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra l` gu`htar`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal kjtjr y ratfra al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj mal sjpjrta.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh mal kjtjr y s`qua al vahtfl`mjr ma l` c`rc`s`.
Fhst`l`cfóh L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. AL DLJPQAJ MA GAS]FÓH MAL KJ]JT MA L@ YAH]FL@CFÓH MAL C@LAH]@MJT Alfkfh`cfóh Alfkfh`cfóh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al vahtfl`mjr mal c`laht`mjr.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` `r`hmal` mal `rhæs ma l` d`sa mal vahtfl`mjr. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal vahtfl`mjr y ratfra al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht` kjht`oa oa (ilacb`s) y sap`ra al kjtjr ma l` cudfart`. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (ilacb`s) y ratfra l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal kjtjr ma l` cudfart`. c udfart`.
Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak`s ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs sa fhst`l` al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj. Al sfstak`mjhma iuhcfjh` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. cjkprasjr cjkprfka al ra`ctfvj y ljlëqufmj sukfhfstr` uh cjhmahs`mjr kjht`mj ah l` p`rta irjht`l mal r`mf`mjr, al ra`ctfvj sa vualva lëqufmj Al y ramuca su takpar`tur`. Al ra`ctfvj p`s` `` tr`væs ma l` vàlvul` ma axp`hsfóh b`cf` al av`pjr`mjr, mjhma sa axp`hma masma al lëqufmj ` `lt` prasfóh b`st` al g`s ` d`o` prasfóh. Ast` axp`hsfóh astà `cjkp`ð`m` pjr uh` mfskfhucfóh ma l` takpar`tur`, qua ahirë` al av`pjr`mjr. Al ra`ctfvj ragras` `l cjkprasjr y al cfclj sa rapfta.
Al `fra qua p`s` ` tr`væs mal av`pjr`mjr ahtr` ah al mfstrfdufmjr mjhma sa kazcl` cjh al `fra c`lfahta qua p`s` ` tr`væs mal c`laht`mjr, cjkj rasult`mj ma lj cu`l sa `lc`hz` l` takpar`tur` mal `fra masa`m`. @mvartahcf` Al tr`d`oj ah al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj mada ra`lfz`rsa ah t`llaras aspacf`lfz`mjs. Al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj astà llahj ma uh ra`ctfvj aspacf`l (Iraóh), pjr lj qua as fkpjsfdla masprasurfz`r al sfstak` sfh uh cjhjcfkfahtj y aqufpj aspacf`las. L` ÿhfc` `ccfóh qua sa puama ra`lfz`r ma ijrk` fhmapahmfahta ah al sfstak` ma `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj as raakpl`z`r l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh mal cjkprasjr. sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla Al --
sfstak` uh
t`hqua djkd`
ma mama k`hguar`s
sukfhfstrj
cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla fhst`l`mj ifltrj lëha`
mad`oj alæctrfc` ma
ma ma sukargfm` l` p`rta ma ma cjkdustfdla
ahargë` ah tr`sar`
fhcluya? al mal
vabëculj5 t`hqua5 cjkdustfdla5 cjkdustfdla5 ratjrh`dlas.
L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr` cjkdustfdla ` l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla, qua t`kdfæh `ctÿ` cjkj uh mapósftj p`r` ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. Qh ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla fhst`l`mj ahtra l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla lfkpf` al cjkdustfdla. @mvartahcf` Al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla astà d`oj prasfóh mur`hta kucbj tfakpj maspuæs ma `p`g`r al kjtjr. Ah cu`lqufar mascjhaxfóh ma l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla as hacas`rfj `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla.
Sfstak` ma pjtahcf` p`r` kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` g`sjlfh`.. Al -
sfstak` uh
t`hqua djkd`
--
ma ma ma k`hguar`s
sukfhfstrj
cjkdustfdla fhst`l`mj cjkdustfdla ifltrj lëha`
mad`oj alæctrfc` ma
ma ma
ahargë`
l` sukargfm` ma ma
p`rta
ah
tr`sar`
fhcluya? al
mal
vabëculj5 t`hqua5 cjkdustfdla5 cjkdustfdla5 ratjrh`dlas.
cjkdustfdla
L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr` cjkdustfdla ` l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla, qua t`kdfæh `ctÿ` cjkj uh mapósftj p`r` ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. Qh ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla fhst`l`mj ahtra l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla lfkpf` al cjkdustfdla.
@mvartahcf` Al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla astà d`oj prasfóh mur`hta kucbj tfakpj maspuæs ma `p`g`r al kjtjr. Ah cu`lqufar mascjhaxfóh ma l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla as hacas`rfj `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` ]fpj ma sfstak` Kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs
K`ghatf K`rallf 2^
Kjtjras ma 0.2 lftrjs
Djscb Kjtrjhfc K^1.0.0
Kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs
Djscb Kjtrjhfc K^1.0.0 j K^1.4
Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla
]fpj alæctrfcj sukargfmj ah mapósftj ma cjkdustfdl cjkdustfdla. a.
L` prasfóh gahar`m` pjr l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma Djscb Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh K`ghatf K`rallf. Yaljcfm`m Yaljcfm` m ma r`lahtë Cjhtahfmj ma CJ Cjkdustfdlaa cjh uh jct`h`oa këhfkj. Cjkdustfdl
3 ° >.4 d`r 4.1 ° >.4 d`r 21> ° 1> rpk (hj `oust`dla, cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ) kahjs mal >,=% (hj ragul`mj, cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ) 61
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. Cjlactjrr ma `mkfsfóh Cjlactj
4>
Cjlactjrr ma asc`pa Cjlactj 31 Ifltrj ma `fra y puartjs ma `mkfsfóh. Alfkfh`hmj KJ]JTAS MA 0.9 LF]TJS LF]TJS
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra al raspfr`marj ma l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs mjs clfps, masahrjsqua ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa ma l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` cul`t` y ratfra l` cudfart` mal alakahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj mal ifltrj ma `fra. KJ]JTAS MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS LF]TJS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh mal cuarpj mal `calar`mjr y l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra. Tatfra l` t`p` y ratfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. C`dla mal `calar`mjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
L` L`
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` lav` ah al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr, luagj ratfra l` cudfart` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `hfllj ma gjk` ma sall`mj (l` ilacb` fhmfc` l` cudfart` axtarfjr mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr).
4. Sualta 4. Sualta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ah tjm` su ljhgftum masma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa.
3. Ah 3. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr y gfra al dljquaj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas 6> ¾. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al p`hal fhiarfjr mal cjhtrjl`mjr. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y mascjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal ratahamjr ah al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa mal pam`l, luagj `ta uh c`dla l`rgj y malg`mj `l c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 7. Ah 7. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al `hfllj ma l` p`rtfcfóh, sall`hmj al c`dla mal `calar`mjr y ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 2. Mas`ta 2. Mas`ta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr y mæoalj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Al c`dla sarà hacas`rfj p`r` al pjstarfjr `prfata mal huavj c`dla mal `calar`mjr ah su lug`r. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @t`r 0. @t`r al c`dla `l huavj c`dla mal `calar`mjr. ]fr`hmj mal c`dla mahtrj mal `utjkóvfl, tfra mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr ` tr`væs ma l` p`rtfcfóh. 4. Mas`ta 4. Mas`ta al c`dla mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr, fhst`la l` iuhm` mal c`dla ah al ratahamjr ma sjpjrta mal pam`l y cjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr `l pam`l. 3. Yarfifqua 3. Yarfifqua qua al c`dla mal `calar`mjr astæ ifrkakahta cjhact`mj `l pam`l, luagj fhst`la l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal. =. Ah =. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, varfifqua qua l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr astæ cjljc`m` cjrract`kahta ah al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al k`kp`rj, luagj cjljqua al c`dla ` lj l`rgj ma tjm` su ljhgftum ah ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. 1. Maslfca 1. Maslfca l` `r`hmal` pl`h` sjdra l` cudfart` mal c`dla a fhstàlal` ah al sjpjrta y cjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ` l` lav` mal `calar`mjr. @ousta @ousta JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al clfp p`r` suoat`r l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Yarfifqua qua l` lav` mal `calar`mjr astæ ah su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l y `l kjvar l` cudfart` mal c`dla, salaccfjha l` bjlgur` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 4. Ah 4. Ah l` pjsfcfóh mal c`dla fhst`l`mj, fhst`la al clfp ah l` r`hur` axtarfjr ma l` iuhm` mal c`dla ah irahta ma l` `r`hmal` ma gjk` y l` `r`hmal`.
3. Maspuæs 3. Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r l` `dr`z`mar` y al c`dla ah su lug`r, sjlj sa mada jdsarv`r uh` lfgar` ilaxfóh mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Kfahtr`s al `sfstahta prasfjh` su`vakahta al pam`l mal `calar`mjr, varfifqua qua l` lav` mal `calar`mjr astæ cjkplat`kahta gfr`m` y ragrasa ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l. ^am`l mal `calar`mjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. 4. Mapahmfahmj 4. Mapahmfahmj mal mfsaðj, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal t`póh j masahrjsqua uh` tuarc` mal axtrakj ma uh aoa ma uh` dfs`gr` ma uh pam`l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al pam`l j ratfra al cjhouhtj mal pam`l cjh al p`s`mjr ma l` dfs`gr`.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla as uh sfstak` ma `utj`ousta ma l` ACQ qua kjhftjra` y `lk`cah` m`tjs qua drfhm`h cjhmfcfjhas óptfk`s ma jpar`cfóh mal kjtjr ` mfiarahtas c`rg`s. Cu`hmj sa mascjhact` l` d`tarë`, ljs m`tjs sa djrr`h y, p`r` rast`ur`rljs, mada `rr`hc`r al kjtjr y k`htaharlj fh`ctfvj b`st` qua al sfstak` sfhtjhfca. Asta prjcasj sa ra`lfz`rà kaojr cu`hmj sa ra`lfca uh` pruad` ah c`rratar` mur`hta 01 kfhutjs ` 41>> –31>> rpk. K@GHA]F
K@TALLF
2^
V
DJSCB
KJ]TJHFC
K^1.0.0
SFS]AK@
MA
FHVACCFÓH
Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla K`ghatf K`rallf 2^ sa fhst`l` ah kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs (DI_) y Djscb Kjtrjhfc K^1.0.0 sa fhst`l` ah kjtjras ma 0.2 lftrjs (LIV) y kjtjras ma 4.> lftrjs (TIY) ). @kdjs sfstak`s (sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj / fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla) fhcluyah uh cjhvartfmjr c`t`lëtfcj y uh sfstak` ma cjhtrjl p`r` l` akfsfóh ma v`pjr ma cjkdustfdla, y t`kdfæh cukplah cjh l`s ÿltfk`s hjrk`s ma cjhtrjl ma akfsfjhas. Al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla ah `kdjs sfstak`s ma fhyaccfóh as sfkfl`r y iuhcfjh` ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. Qh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla sukargfm` ah al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla ahtrag` cjkdustfdla cjkdustf dla masma al t`hqua b`st` al fhyactjr ma cjkdustfdla ` tr`væs ma uh ifltrj. L` prasfóh ma cjkdustfdla ah al sfstak` as cjhtrjl`m` pjr uh ragul`mjr ma prasfóh. Al ragul`mjr parkfta qua al axcasj ma cjkdustfdla ragrasa `l t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla cu`hmj sa axcama l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Al
sfstak`
ma
cjhtrjl
alæctrfcj
cjhst`
ma
uh`
ACQ
cjh
ljs
sfgufahtas
sahsjras?
-^jtahcfókatrj `calar`mjr? malfhijrk` ` l` ACQ pjsfcfóh jtakpar`tur` cfarra malmal `calar`mjr5 Sahsjr ma maltakpar`tur` rairfgar`hta? fhijrk`ma `l` l` ACQ ma ma`partur` l` kjtjr5 - sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma ahtr`m`? fhijrk` ` l` ACQ ma l` takpar`tur` mal `fra qua p`s` pjr al `calar`mjr5 sahsjr l`kdm`? fhijrk` ` l` ACQ al cjhtahfmj ma jxëgahj ah ljs g`sas ma asc`pa5
- sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l? fhijrk` l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr ma l` ACQ y l` pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l5 - Sahsjr ma prasfóh `dsjlut` ah al cjlactjr - L` ACQ fhijrk` ma uh v`cëj ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh5 sahsjr ma valjcfm`m mal vabëculj? fhijrk` l` valjcfm`m mal vabëculj ` l` ACQ5 - sa utflfz` uh sahsjr ma matjh`cfóh fhst` fhst`l`mj l`mj ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs p`r` matact`r al fhfcfj ma l` matjh`c matjh`cfóh fóh j al ahcahm ahcahmfm fmj j takpr`hj (astj parkfta qua l` ACQ salaccfjha al `v`hca ma ahcahmfmj óptfkj p`r` l`s cjhmfcfjhas ma jpar`cfóh mal kjtjr prav`lacfahtas sfh al rfasgj ma m`ðj `l kjtjr). Sa fhst`l` sjlj ah al sfstak` Kjtrjhfc. ]jm` l` fhijrk`cfóh ma ljs sahsjras as `h`lfz`m` pjr l` ACQ y, sjdra ast` d`sa, l` ACQ matarkfh` al tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj y l` cjkpjsfcfóh `macu`mjs ma l` kazcl` ma cjkdustfdla. L` ACQ cjhtrjl` ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla c`kdf`hmj al `hcbj mal pulsj, as macfr, l` c`htfm`m ma tfakpj qua l` djqufll` astà `dfart` p`r` prjpjrcfjh`r uh` kazcl` kàs rfc` j kàs pjdra. L`
ACQ
t`kdfæh
ccjhtrjl` jhtrjl`
l`
valjcfm`m
ma
r`lahtë. ^`r`
astj,
b`y
uh
kjtjr
qua
cjhtrjl`
l`
pjsfcfóh
mal
`calar`mjr.
L` ACQ t`kdfæh cjhtrjl` l` cjkpjsfcfóh ma ljs g`sas ma asc`pa y al sfstak` ma cjhtrjl p`r` l` akfsfóh ma v`pjr ma cjkdustfdla. Al
alakahtj
c`lai`ctjr
alæctrfcj
sa
ahcuahtr`
ah
l`
c`rc`s`
mal
astr`hgul`mjr.
Sf b`y uh arrjr ah cu`lqufar` ma ljs m`tjs racfdfmjs mal sahsjr, l` ACQ ahtr` ah al kjmj ma muplfc`mjr. Ah asta c`sj, l` ACQ fghjr` l` sað`l aqufvjc`m` mal sahsjr y `capt` uh v`ljr praprjgr`k`mj qua parkftfrà qua al kjtjr cjhtfhÿa iuhcfjh`hmj iuhcfjh`hmj (`uhqua cjh kahjs aifcfahcf`). Sf l` ACQ astà fhclufm` ah al kjmj ma rasp`lmj, l` làkp`r` ma `l`rk` ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs sa ahcahmarà y al m`ðj sa ragfstr`rà ah l` kakjr kakjrf` f` ma ll`` ACQ. Maspuæs ma asj, as hacas`rfj ra`lfz`r uh` pruad` cjkplat` mal sfstak` ma `mkfhfstr`cfóh mal kjtjr utflfz`hmj uh d`hcj ma pruad`s ma mf`ghóstfcj alactróhfcj aspacf`l, qua sfkplakahta astà ahcbui`mj ah al cjhactjr ma mf`ghóstfcj mal sfstak` udfc`mj carc` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas ah al p`hal. SFS]AK@
MA
FHVACCFJH
DJSCB
KJ]TJHFC
K^1.4 K^1.4
Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh Djscb Kjtrjhfc K^1.4 sa fhst`l` ah kjmaljs ma kjtjr ma 4.> lftrjs sfh c`t`lfz`mjr (kjtjr T9A). `htarfjrkahta , parj c`raca ma uh sahsjr l`kdm` y uh sfstak` p`r` l` Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh K^1.4 as sfkfl`r `l sfstak` K^1.0.0, qua sa mascrfda mascrfda `htarfjrkahta lfdar`cfóh ma v`pjr ma cjkdustfdla. @lfvfj ma prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cj cjkdustfdla kdustfdla @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, prfkarj mada `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak`.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al racfpfahta `prjpf`mj mad`oj mal lug`r mjhma sa mascjhact`rà al sfstak`.
3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa laht`kahta l` tuarc` ma `cjpl`kfahtj ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla p`r` `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Qh kætjmj `ltarh`tfvj p`r` `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla as quft`r al iusfdla ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla j al ralæ ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y `rr`hc`r al kjtjr ah kjmj fh`ctfvj `htas ma mataharsa. =. Maspuæs =. Maspuæs ma cjkplat`r al tr`d`oj ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, fhst`la al iusfdla j ralæ qua sa ratfró `htarfjrkahta. Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, prfkarj mada `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak`.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al `sfahtj tr`sarj. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra al ravastfkfahtj ma plàstfcj mal pfsj p`r` `ccamar ` l` djkd`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla (4) (3 - k`hguar` ma sukfhfstrj, = - k`hguar` ma ratjrhj).
1. K`rqua 1. K`rqua l`s k`hguar`s p`r` fmahtfifc`cfóh, luagj `iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s, ratfra l`s k`hguar`s y cjhæctal`s cjh t`pjhas. 9. @plfqua 9. @plfqua k`rc`s ah al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla, l` t`p` ma l` djkd` y al `hfllj, luagj masahrjsqua al `hfllj gfràhmjlj b`cf` l` fzqufarm`. 7. Lav`hta 7. Lav`hta l` t`p` ma l` djkd`, luagj, tahfahmj cufm`mj ma ratfr`r l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`. 2. L` djkd` L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjkj pfaz` ma rapuastj sa sukfhfstr` cjkj uh` uhfm`m hj sap`r`dla. ^jr lj t`htj, cu`hmj i`ll`, sa raakpl`z` pjr cjkplatj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjh 0. Cjh cufm`mj, fhsarta l` djkd` ah al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla ma kjmj qua l` atfquat` ah l` cudfart` ma l` djkd`, al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla y al `hfllj astæh `lfha`mjs. Suoata ifrkakahta l` djkd` cjh uh `hfllj. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `cuarmj cjh lj k`rc`mj `htarfjrkahta y `sagÿral`s cjh `dr`z`mar`s ma k`hguar`. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` y `rr`hqua al kjtjr. Cjkpruada al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y l` if`dflfm`m ma l` cjhaxfóh k`hguar`sma mapfsj cjkdustfdla. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`lama al l`s ravastfkfahtj ma plàstfcj y al `sfahtj tr`sarj. ]`hqua ma cjkdustfdla @mvartahcf`
Cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, prfkarj mada `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak`.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma ratfr`r al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla, mada mrah`r tjmj al cjkdustfdla. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, `së cjkj l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ` ljs sjpjrtas. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al sfstak` ma asc`pa y l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al tudj ma g`rg`ht` (@) y al raspfr`marj (D) ah al l`mj maracbj mal t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla (C - tudj ma axtr`ccfóh ma v`pjr).
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj mal l`mj maracbj y cjhæctal`s cjh t`pjhas.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj ma ljs clfps y kuæv`lj b`cf` uh l`mj. 7. Sjstahg` 7. Sjstahg` al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla cjh uh g`tj y masahrjsqua su cfarra (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
2. D`oa 2. D`oa laht`kahta al mapósftj ma cjkdustfdla y axtràfg`lj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` astæfhst`l`cfóh suoat`. sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. As hacas`rfj varfifc`r qua `l fhst`l`r al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla, hfhguh` ma l`s k`hguar`s Cjhtrjl mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla Ah al prjcasj ma mf`ghóstfcj ah l` mataccfóh ma i`ll`s, c`m` cómfgj mal sfstak` cjrraspjhma ` uh alakahtj aspacëifcj mal sfstak`. Laar cómfgjs ma i`ll` i`ll` Cómfgj
K`l iuhcfjh`kfahtj Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh kjtrjhfc 1.0.0.
00
Hj sa matact`rjh i`ll`s
04
@ousta ma i`ll`s
03
Sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma `mkfsfóh
0=
Sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairf rairfgar`hta gar`hta
01
Talæ ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustf dla
40
Sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal pjtahcfókatrj mal `calar`mjr - Cjht`ctj gr`tfs
30
Gr`tfs
34
@ousta ma kazcl`
33
Yàlvul` sjlahjfma ma ifltrj ma c`rdjhj - M`ðj mal cfrcuftj
3=
Yàlvul` sjlahjfma ma ifltrj ma c`rdjhj
31
Sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh ifh`l mal `calar`mjr
=0
Sahsjr ma valjcf valjcfm`m m`m mal kjtjr y pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l.
=4
Djqufll`s
=3
Sahsjr ma gjlpa
==
Sahsjr ma gjlpa - jtrj
10
Sahsjr l`kdm`
14
Tagul`cfóh ma l` kazcl`.
13
Yjlt`oa ma l` d`tarë`
1=
ACQ Tal`y
19
Fhkjvflfz`mjr
70 74
Cjkpruada al hÿkarj ma fhyaccfóh mal cflfhmrj 0 Cjkpruada al hÿkarj ma fhyaccfóh mal cflfhmrj 4
73
Cjkpruada al hÿkarj ma fhyaccfóh mal cflfhmrj 3
7=
Cjkpruada al hÿkarj ma fhyaccfóh mal cflfhmrj =
Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh K`ghatf K`rallf 2^ 00
Hj sa matact`rjh i`ll`s
04
Sjlucfó Sjlucfóh h ma prjdlak`s
03
Sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma `mkfsfóh
0=
Sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairf rairfgar`hta gar`hta
01
Talæ ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustf dla
40
Sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal `calar`mjr
44
Gastfóh mal kjtjr ` r`lahtë
47
Sahsjr ma valjcf valjcfm`m m`m mal cjcba
30
Sahsjr l`kdm`
33
Sahsjr ma prasfóh mal cjlactj cjlactjrr ma `mkfsfóh
3=
Yàlvul` sjlahjfma ma ifltrj ma c`rdjhj
=0
Sahsjr ma valjcf valjcfm`m m`m mal kjtjr y pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l.
=4
Fhyactjr
==
Sahsjr ma gjlpa
=1
Djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj
14
Sahsjr l`kdm`
13 1=
Yjlt`oa ma l` d`tarë` ACQ
17
Djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada sf b`y c`dlas sualtjs s ualtjs y cjrrjsfóh. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al ast`mj mal ifltrj ma `fra y l`s duoë`s. Cjkpruada l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr. 3. Sf 3. Sf l` pruad` kàs sahcfll` hj matact` l` c`us` mal i`llj, puama ascrfdfrsa ah l` kakjrf` mal sfstak` ma l` ACQ. =. ^`r` matarkfh`r al i`llj ah al sfstak` ma l` ACQ, mada cjhact`r uh aqufpj ma mf`ghóstfcj aspacf`l.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` matarkfh`r al i`llj ah al sfstak` ma l` ACQ, mada cjhact`r uh aqufpj ma mf`ghóstfcj aspacf`l. Cuarpj mal `calar`mjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `ctu`mjr mal `calar`mjr. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs mal sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal `calar`mjr, ljs alakahtjs ma c`laht`kfahtj, al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma `mkfsfóh y al kjtjr ma cjhtrjl ma valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj y l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar.
9. Cu`hmj 9. Cu`hmj sa` hacas`rfj, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs j tjrhflljs y ratfra l` suspahsfóh mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh ouhtj cjh l` ouht` tórfc`, qua mada sar raakpl`z`m`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Qtflfca sfakpra uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` fhst`l`m` ah al cjlactjr, luagj fhst`la cjh cufm`mj al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr5 - Cjkpruada l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l`s k`hguar`s pravf`kahta ratfr`m`s5 - Yarfifqua l` fhst`l`cfóh ma ljs cjhactjras pravf`kahta rakjvfmjs5 - Fhst`la al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh Djscb Kjtrjhfc K^100 @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, prfkarj mada `lfvf`r l` prasfóh ah al sfstak`.
Alfkfh`cfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
ma cjkdustfdla
pjr
c`rratar`
y
cbjrrjs cbjrrjs
0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al tudj ma v`cëj mal ragul`mjr ma prasfóh ma cjkdustfdla (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs y l`s k`hguar`s ma l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y ratëralj mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. Tatfra al sallj ma c`m` djqufll`.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l`s djqufll`s ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y ratfra l`s ouht`s tórfc`s suparfjras qua madah raakpl`z`rsa pjr jtr`s huav`s. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Fhst`la huav`s ouht`s tórfc`s ah ljs fhyactjras5 - ^`r` i`cflft`r l` fhst`l`cfóh, ludrfqua ludrfqua l`s ouht`s tórfc`s cjh `cafta mal kjtjr y vualv` ` fhst`l`r ljs fhyactjras y l` lëha` ma cjkdustfd cjkdustfdla la p`r` qua hj sa kuav` hfhguh` ma l`s ouht`s tórfc`s5 - @rr`hqua al kjtjr y cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. TAGQL@MJT L` alfkfh`c alfkfh`cfóh fóh
MA
^TASFÓH
MA
CJKDQS]FDLA
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tudj ma v`cëj mal ragul`mjr. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh tr`pj lfkpfj mad`oj mal ragul`mjr, `iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` y ratfra al ragul`mjr ma cjkdustfdla ma l` lëha`. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
ah
al
jrmah
fhvarsj
ma
@CALAT@MJT
alfkfh`cfóh. ^J]AHCFÓKA]TJ ^J]AHCFÓ KA]TJ
Takjcfóh Takjcfóh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa al sjpjrta y ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal pjtahcfókatrj.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs y ratfra al pjtahcfókatrj mal aoa mal `calar`mjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
MFS^JSF]FYJ ACQ
sa
ra`lfz`
MA ahcuahtr`
ah
uh`
ah
al
CJH]TJL c`o`
ma
plàstfcj
jrmah
fhvarsj
ALAC]TÓHFCJ qua
astà
fhst`l`m`
ah
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
(ACQ) al
kfakdrj
l`tar`l
L` L` irjht`l
maracbj.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. l` cudfart` ma l`l`c`o` ma l` ACQ, varfifqua al ahcahmfmj astæ `p`g`mj. Ah ljs ah @htas l` c`o`.maL`quft`r uhfm`m qua cjhtrjl` pjtahcf` y al sfstak` maqua ahcahmfmj astà udfc`m` kàs carc` mal kjmaljs kjtjr. cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, b`y mjs ACQ 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj lav`ht`hmj prfkarj l` p`l`hc` ma dljquaj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjhactjr. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` p`rta
pjstarfjr, sap`ra l` p`rta irjht`l irjht`l y ratfra l` ACQ ma ljs pfhas. 3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` ACQ b`cf` `rrfd` y ratëral` mal vabëculj. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh al Takjcfóh Takjcfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
kjmj
ah
ma
al
jrmah
cjhtrjl
mal
fhvarsj
ma
kjtjr
mal
alfkfh`cfóh. r`lahtë
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al 0. Al kjmj ma gastfóh mal kjtjr `l r`lahtë sa ahcuahtr` ah al l`mj mal cuarpj mal `calar`mjr.
4. Sualta 4. Sualta al sjpjrta y ratfra al cjhactjr mal kjtjr. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs y ratfra al cjhtrjl ma valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
SAHSJT Al
ra`lfz`
MA sahsjr
ah
al
KJYFKFAH]J sa
jrmah @DSJLQ]J
ahcuahtr`
ah
fhvarsj
ma
AH al
AL
cjlactjr
alfkfh`cfóh. CJLAC]JT CJLAC]JT
ma
`mkfsfóh.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sahsjr mal cjlactjr. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh SAHSJT
L` L` sa
ra`lfz` MA
ah
al
jrmah
]AK^AT@]QT@
Axtr`ccfóh Axtr`ccfóh Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma ahtr`m` astà udfc`mj ah al ravarsj mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh.
fhvarsj
ma MAL
alfkfh`cfóh. @FTA
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. 4. Masahrjsqua 4. Masahrjsqua al sahsjr y axtràfg`lj mal vabëculj. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
SAHSJT Al
ah
al
MA
sahsjr
ma
pjsfcfóh
mal
jrmah
fhvarsj
^JSFCFJH cfgüað`l
astà
udfc`mj
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
MA
ah
al
l`mj
irjht`l
ma
CFGÜAÐ@L CFGÜAÐ@L l`
c`o`
mal
akdr`gua.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ]r`ca 0. ]r`ca al c`dla`mj masma al sahsjr `l cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj y mascjhæctalj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa y usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` ratfr`r al sahsjr ma l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
SAHSJT
al
MA
Al sahsjr SAHSJT Al
ah
sahsjr
ma
valjcfm`m ma matjh`cfóh matjh`cfóh sa
jrmah
fhvarsj
YALJCFM@M mal
vabëculj `tjrhfll`
as
uh` MA
ah
l`
p`rta p`rta
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
MAL fhtagr`l irjht`l
ma
l` mal
CJCBA uhfm`m dljqua
mal ma
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` `ccamar `l sahsjr, `plfqua al irahj ma k`hj y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. 4. T`straa 4. T`straa al c`dla`mj masma al sahsjr b`st` al cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj y mascjhæctalj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma ifo`cfóh mal sahsjr `l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y ratfra al sahsjr ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl.
valjcëkatrj. MA]JH@CFÓH cflfhmrjs.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
TALÆ Al
ra`lfz`
ah
MAL ralæ
ma
l` ACQ sa
ahcua ahcuahtr` htr`
al
jrmah
SFS]AK@ ah
uh`
c`o`
ma
fhvarsj
ma
MA plàs plàstfcj tfcj
qua
astà
alfkfh`cfóh.
L@ fhst`l`m`
ah
al
kfakdrj
ACQ irjht`l
maracbj.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua al ahcahmfmj astæ `p`g`mj y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o`.
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y ratfra al ralæ ma l` pl`c` ma fhst`l`cfóh. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh K`ghatf K`rallf 2^ Takjcfóh
ma cbjrrjs
ma
cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs ma suoacfóh ma uh dr`zj ma c`dlas ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh cjlactjr. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs cjhactjra c jhactjrass alæctr alæctrfcjs fcjs ma l`s djqufll`s. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra l`s pl`c`s ma kjht`oa ma l` djqufll`. L`s djqufll`s hÿkarj 0 y 4 astàh kjht`m`s ah uh` pl`c`, y l`s hÿkarjs 3 y = jtr`. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l`s djqufll`s y ratfra l`s ouht`s tórfc`s ma all`s. Cu`hmj fhst`la ljs fhyactjras ah su lug`r, fhst`la huav`s ouht`s tórfc`s ah c`m` djqufll`. Ludrfqua l`s ouht`s tórfc`s cjh `cafta ma kjtjr p`r` i`cflft`r l` fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh ma ljs fhyactjras. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjljqua 0. Cjljqua l`s djqufll` djqufll`ss ah ssu u lug`r y `sagÿra `sagÿral`s l`s cjh pl`c`s. Cjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ` ljs fhyactjras. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al sjpjrta ma c`dla ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr y `tjrhflla. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al ifltrj ma `fra y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y cjkpruada qua ljs fhyactjras hj astæh `prat`mjs. TAGQL@MJT
MA
^TASFÓH
MA
CJKDQS]FDLA
L` alfkfh`c alfkfh`cfóh fóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tudj ma v`cëj mal ragul`mjr.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh tr`pj lfkpfj mad`oj mal ragul`mjr, `iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` y ratfra al ragul`mjr ma cjkdustfdla ma l` lëha`. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh
L` L` sa
KA]JMJ pjtahcfókatrj
ra`lfz`
ah
MAL mal
`calar`mjr
al
jrmah
^J]AHCFJKA]TJ astà
kjht`mj
fhvarsj
MAL ah
al
l`mj
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
@CALAT@MJT mal
cuarpj
Al mal
`calar`mjr.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa al sjpjrta y ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal pjtahcfókatrj.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs y ratfra al pjtahcfókatrj mal aoa mal `calar`mjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
MFS^JSF]FYJ ACQ
sa
ah
MA ahcuahtr`
ah
al
jrmah
CJH]TJL
uh`
c`o`
ma
plàstfcj
fhvarsj
ma
ALAC]TÓHFCJ qua
astà
fhst`l`m`
ah
alfkfh`cfóh.
(ACQ) al
kfakdrj
l`tar`l
L` L` irjht`l
maracbj.
Alfkfh`cfóh Alfkfh`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma quft`r l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma l` ACQ, varfifqua qua al ahcahmfmj astæ `p`g`mj. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, b`y mjs ACQ ah l` c`o`. L` uhfm`m qua cjhtrjl` l` pjtahcf` y al sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj astà udfc`m` kàs carc` mal kjtjr. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj lav`ht`hmj prfkarj l` p`l`hc` ma dljquaj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjhactjr. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr, sap`ra l` p`rta irjht`l irjht`l y ratfra l` ACQ ma ljs pfhas.
3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` ACQ y sàqual` mal vabëculj. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
KJ]JT Al
kjtjr
ah
al
MA ma
cjhtrjl
ma
jrmah
fhvarsj
CJH]TJL valjcfm`m
ma
r`lahtë
astà
udfc`mj
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
MA ah
al
l`mj
mal
T`lahtë cuarpj
mal
`calar`mjr.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sualta 0. Sualta al sjpjrta y ratfra al cjhactjr mal kjtjr.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs y ratfra al cjhtrjl ma valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
KAMFM@ Al
ra`lfz` MA
sahsjr
ah
al
^TASFÓH sa
jrmah
@DSJLQ]@
ahcuahtr`
fhvarsj
ma
AH
ah
alfkfh`cfóh.
AL
al
cjlactjr
CJLAC]JT CJLAC]JT ma
`mkfsfóh.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sahsjr mal cjlactjr.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
ra`lfz`
SAHSJT Al
sahsjr
ah
al
MA ma
takpar`tur`
jrmah
fhvarsj
]AK^AT@]QT@ mal
`fra
ma
ahtr`m`
ma
alfkfh`cfóh.
MAL
astà
udfc`mj
ah
l`
@FTA
c`rc`s`
mal
astr`hgul`mjr.
Alfkfh`cfóh Alfkfh`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma ratfr`r al sahsjr, ratfra al pjtahcfókatrj ma pjsfcfóh mal `calar`mjr. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta al sjpjrta y ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma takpar`tur`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr y ratfra al sahsjr ma l` c`o` mal astr`hgul`mjr. =. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada l` ouht` tórfc` mal sahsjr y raakplàcal` sf as hacas`rfj. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SAHSJT Al
sahsjr
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
MA ma
pjsfcfóh
mal
^JSFCFJH cfgüað`l
astà
udfc`mj
ah
MA al
l`mj
irjht`l
ma
CFGÜAÐ@L CFGÜAÐ@L l`
c`o`
mal
akdr`gua.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ]r`ca 0. ]r`ca al c`dla`mj masma al sahsjr `l cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj y mascjhæctalj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa y usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` ratfr`r al sahsjr ma l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh
sa
TALÆ Al
ra`lfz`
ah
MAL ralæ
ma
l` ACQ sa
al
jrmah
SFS]AK@
ahcua ahcuahtr` htr`
ah
uh`
c`o`
ma
fhvarsj
ma
MA plàs plàstfcj tfcj
qua
astà
alfkfh`cfóh.
L@ fhst`l`m`
ah
al
ACQ
kfakdrj
irjht`l
maracbj.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua al ahcahmfmj astæ `p`g`mj y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o`. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y ratfra al ralæ ma l` pl`c` ma fhst`l`cfóh. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh SAHSJT
L` L` sa
ra`lfz` MA
ah
al YALJCFM@M
jrmah
fhvarsj MAL
ma
alfkfh`cfóh. CJCBA
Al sahsjr ma valjcfm`m mal vabëculj as uh` p`rta fhtagr`l ma l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj. Cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh Alfkfh`hmj KJMALJ 0.9 LF]TJS LF]TJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `ctu`mjr mal `calar`mjr y mascjhacta ljs `ccasjrfjs ma l` cudfart` mal c`dla. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla mjs tjrhflljs ma suoacfóh ma uh dr`zj ma uh c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh cjlactjr y kuav` uh sjpjrta cjh c`dlas y k`hguar`s ` uhljsl`mj. 1. Sualta 1. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra ljs cjhactjr cjhactjras as ma lljs js cu`trj fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l`s k`hgu k`hguar`s ar`s ma cjkdustfdla ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj mal l`mj mal cjlactjr. 7. @iljoa 7. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l` k`hguar` mal sarvjirahj y l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr. K`rqua l`s k`hguar`s sf as hacas`rfj. 2. Mastjrhflla 2. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh cjlactjr y s`qua uh cjlactjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra l`s mjs ouht`s mal cjlactjr. KJ]JTAS MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS LF]TJS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr, l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjra fhyactjras. s. 3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l` k`hguar` mal sarvjirahj y l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr. K`rqua l`s k`hguar`s sf as hacas`rfj.
=. Mjhma =. Mjhma sa usa, mas`tjrhflla al parhj qua ifo` al tudj mal kamfmjr ma hfval ma `cafta `l cjlactjr. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al cjlactjr ` l` cul`t` y s`qua al cjlactjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra l`s ouht`s mal cjlactjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfa suparifcfass ma cjht`ctj mal cjlactjr y l` cul`t` ma cflfhmrjs ma ljs rastjs ma ouht`s vfao`s. Fhst`la huav`s ouht`s y cjlactjr5 - cjkpruada qua l`s k`hguar`s ratfr`m`s `htarfjrkahta astàh ah su lug`r5 - @oust`r al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh Alfkfh`hmj KJMALJ 0.9 LF]TJS LF]TJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `ctu`mjr mal `calar`mjr y mascjhacta ljs `ccasjrfjs ma l` cudfart` mal c`dla. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma suoacfóh ma uh dr`zj ma uh c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ` l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh cjlactjr y kuav` uh sjpjrta cjh c`dlas y k`hguar`s ` uh l`mj.
1. Sualta 1. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra ljs cjhactjras ma ljs cu`trj fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l`s k`hgu k`hguar`s ar`s ma cjkdustfdla ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj mal l`mj mal cjlactjr. 7. @iljoa 7. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l` k`hguar` mal sarvjirahj y l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr. K`rqua l`s k`hguar`s sf as hacas`rfj. 2. Mastjrhflla 2. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh cjlactjr y s`qua uh cjlactjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra l`s mjs ouht`s mal cjlactjr. KJ]JTAS MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS LF]TJS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al cuarpj mal `calar`mjr, l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjra fhyactjras. s.
3. @iljoa 3. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra l` k`hguar` mal sarvjirahj y l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr. K`rqua l`s k`hguar`s sf as hacas`rfj. =. Mjhma =. Mjhma sa usa, mas`tjrhflla al parhj qua ifo` al tudj mal kamfmjr ma hfval ma `cafta `l cjlactjr. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al cjlactjr ` l` cul`t` y s`qua al cjlactjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra l`s ouht`s mal cjlactjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal cjlactjr y l` cul`t` ma cflfhmrjs ma ljs rastjs ma ouht`s vfao`s. Fhst`la huav`s ouht`s y cjlactjr5 -- cjkpruada qua l`s @oust`r al c`dla mal k`hguar`s `calar`mjr. ratfr`m`s `htarfjrkahta astàh ah su lug`r5 Cjlactjr ma asc`pa Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta l` ahtr`m` ma `fra c`lfahta mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras parhjs y ratfra l` c`rc`s` ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra c`lfahta. c `lfahta. 3. Dljquaa 3. l`s ljs ruam`s tr`sar`s y lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl. =. Mascjhacta =. Dljquaa Mascjhacta c`dlas alæctrfcjs mal sahsjr l`kdm`. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh tudj ma asc`pa ma racapcfóh ` uh cjlactjr.
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh cjlactjr ifh`l ` l` c`daz` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al cjlactjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y ratfra l` ouht` mal cjlactjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - ravfsa al cjlactjr ma asc`pa pjr masg`sta y cjrrjsfóh5 - lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal cjlactjr y l` cul`t` ma ljs rastjs ma ouht`s vfao`s. Fhst`la F hst`la hu huav`s av`s ouht`s y cjlactjr5 - Cjhact`r al tudj ma asc`pa ma bukjs `l cjlactjr. Sfstak` ma asc`pa
Sfstak` ma asc`pa ma g`sas ma asc`pa kultfsaccfóh. Al tudj ma asc`pa astà `tjrhfll`mj `l `hfllj ma sall`mj fhtarhj. Al c`t`lfz`mjr sa ahcuahtr` ah l` p`rta irjht`l mal sfstak` ma asc`pa. Al C`m`
sfstak` saccfóh mal
ma sfstak`
asc`pa ma asc`pa
astà suspahmfmj sa puama quft`r pjr
ma sap`r`mj
j
uh cuarpj `kjrtfgu`mj ma maspuæs ma quft`r tjmj al sfstak` ma
gjk`. asc`pa.
Maskjht`oa ]QDJ MA ASC@^A MA @MKFSFJH JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` l` alfkfh`cfóh mal sfstak` ma lfdar`cfóh ma ljs g`sas s`tfsiacbjs, ast`dlazc` al `utjkóvfl sjdra uh jrfifcfj ma jdsarv`cfóh j uh alav`mjr ah al alav`mjr. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla l`s ifo`cfjhas (astàh aspacfifc`m`s pjr ilacb`s) ma uh tudj ma asc`pa ma racapcfóh ` uh cjlactjr.
3. Masahrjsqua 3. Masahrjsqua al tudj ma asc`pa mal`htarj `l tudj ma asc`pa fhtarkamfj. Tatfra al tudj ma asc`pa ouhtj cjh ljs salljs ma `hfllj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl.
]QDJ MA ASC@^A FH]ATKAMFJ V SFLAHCF@MJT SFLAHCF@MJT JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` l` alfkfh`cfóh mal sfstak` ma lfdar`cfóh ma ljs g`sas s`tfsiacbjs, ast`dlazc` al `utjkóvfl sjdra uh jrfifcfj ma jdsarv`cfóh j uh alav`mjr ah al alav`mjr. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs mal `hfllj ma suoacfóh y mascjhacta al tudj fhtarkamfj mal tudj ma asc`pa y al tudj ma asc`pa tr`sarj. Ah `lguhjs vabëculjs, sa puama fhst`l`r uh dus ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr`, qua astà uhfmj `l parhj mal `hfllj ma suoacfóh.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al tudj fhtarkamfj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ma gjk` y axtràfg`lj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Maskjht`oa
mal tudj
ma
asc`pa
tr`sarj
y
mal
sflahcf`mjr sflahcf`mjr
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` ratfr`r al sfstak` ma asc`pa, cjljqua al `utjkóvfl sjdra al jrfifcfj ma jdsarv`cfóh j lavàhtalj ah uh alav`mjr. 4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa al parhj ma suoacfóh y mascjhacta al tudj ma asc`pa tr`sarj mal fhtarkamfj. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al tudj ma asc`pa tr`sarj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ma suspahsfóh ma gjk` y ratëralj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. ^@H]@LL@S
MA
^TJ]ACCFÓH
CJH]T@
AL
C@LJT
L`s
prjtaccfjhas prjtaccfjhas
tærkfc`s astàh uhfm`s `l cuarpj y sa puamah quft`r maspuæs ma quft`r l` saccfóh cjrraspjhmfahta mal sfstak` ma asc`pa. Sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla mal kjtjr mfasal Sa utflfz`h mjs sfstak`s ma fhyaccfóh mfasal. Ljs kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs astàh aqufp`mjs cjh al sfstak` sakf-alactróhfcj ma @S3 ma Djscb, y ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs astàh aqufp`mjs cjh uh sfstak` cjkplatj ma gastfóh ma kjtjras Luc`s A^FC (cjhtrjl alactróhfcj ma fhyaccfóh prjgr`k`mj). Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma Djscb prjpjrcfjh` cjhtrj cjhtrjll alactróhfcj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y l` sfhcrjhfz` sfhcrjhfz`cf cf óh ma l` fhyaccfóh, y t`kdfæh cjhtrjl` l` `ccfóh mal sfstak` ma racfrcul`cfóh ma g`sas ma asc`pa (AGT) y l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf`. Al sfstak` astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ), qua racfda sað`las ma sahsjras qua cjhtrjl`h l` c`rg` mal kjtjr, l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr, ljs fhyactjras y l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta. L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` ACQ ` tr`væs mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr y al mf`ir`gk` ma v`cëj matarkfh` l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma l` fhyaccfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` vàlvul` AGT.
Al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh A^FC ma Luc`s prjpjrcfjh` uh cjhtrjl alactróhfcj prjgr`k`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh y uh cjhtrjl alactróhfcj mal sfstak` ma racfrcul`cfóh ma ljs g`sas ma asc`pa ` tr`væs ma uh` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ). Al sfstak` astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` ACQ masma ljs sahsjras ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr, al v`cëj ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh, l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr y l` pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l, l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta y l` takpar`tur` mal `fra ma `mkfsfóh. L` `ccfóh ma l` vàlvul` AGT t`kdfæh astà cjhtrjl`m` pjr l` ACQ ah cjkdfh`cfóh cjh uh` vàlvul` sjlahjfma. Qh` c`r`ctarëstfc` ÿhfc` ma asta sfstak` as al cjhtrjl mal `calar`mjr. Ah lug`r mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr cjhact`mj ` l` djkd` ma `lt` prasfóh, al pam`l mal `calar`mjr astà cjhact`mj `l sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l. Asta sahsjr ahvë` l`s sað`las ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l ACQ, qua ` su vaz cjhtrjl`h l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh alactróhfc`kahta. Al sfstak` ma cjkdust cjkdustfdla fdla fhcluya?
- uh t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla fhst`l`mj ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal vabëculj5 - ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla cjh sap`r`mjr5 - djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh, cjhtrjl`m` alactróhfc`kahta5 - djqufll`s5 cjkpjhahtas ma uhfóh. @htas ma qua al cjkdustfdla p`sa ` tr`væs mal ifltrj, al cjkdustfdla as c`laht`mj pjr al rairfgar`hta qua p`s` ` tr`væs ma l` d`sa mal ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla. Al turdjcjkprasjr turdjcjkprasjr y l` havar` astàh fhst`l`mjs ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs. Al cjkdustfdla mal t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh as sukfhfstr`mj pjr uh` djkd` cahtrëiug` udfc`m` ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. Qh ifltrj ma cjkdustfdla astà fhst`l`mj irahta ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, mjhma al cjkdustfdla sa lfkpf` ma p`rtëcul`s axtr`ð`s y `gu`. Al axcasj ma cjkdustfdla ludrfc` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y ragras` `l t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla ` tr`væs ma l` tudarë`. L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh gfr` ` l` kft`m ma l` valjcfm`m mal cfgüað`l y as `ccfjh`m` pjr l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh masma al cfgüað`l. L` c`htfm`m ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr`mj as cjhtrjl`m` pjr uh ragul`mjr cahtrëiugj qua raspjhma ` l` pjsfcfóh mal pam`l ma cjhtrjl ma cjkdustfdla y l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr. Al ragul`mjr astà cjhact`mj ` uh` vàlvul` ma kamfcfóh qua `ukaht` j mfskfhuya l` c`htfm`m ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr`mj pjr cfclj ma djkd`. Al tfakpj ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla astà matarkfh`mj pjr l` djkd`. Cu`hmj al kjtjr astà ah k`rcb`, l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma l` fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla c`kdf` `utjkàtfc`kahta ah l` djkd` masma al sfstak` ma l` ACQ. Cu`trj fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla rjcë`h cjkdustfdla ah l`s càk`r`s ma rakjlfhjs udfc`m`s ah l` cul`t`. Ljs fhyactjras astàh c`lfdr`mjs p`r` qua sa `dr`h y cfarrah ` uh` prasfóh astrfct`kahta maifhfm`, lj qua g`r`htfz` uh` cjkdustfóh aifcfahta y cjkplat` mal cjkdustfdla. C`m` `guo` mal fhyactjr sa ludrfc` cjh cjkdustfdla, qua sa `cukul` ah al asp`cfj `lramamjr mal rasjrta, y luagj v` ` l` k`hguar` ma ratjrhj. Al `rr`hqua ma uh kjtjr irëj sa va i`cflft`mj pjr l` prasahcf` ma duoë`s fhst`l`m`s ah c`m` càk`r` ma vórtfca. Ah al sfstak` Djscb, l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë ma uh kjtjr irëj `ukaht` madfmj `l v`cëj qua `ctÿ` ` tr`væs mal mf`ir`gk` ah al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Ah al sfstak` Luc`s, l` djkd` ma
cjkdustfdla cjhtrjl` `utjkàtfc`kahta al kjmj fh`ctfvj. Ah `kdjs sfstak`s, al cjhtrjl as ra`lfz`mj pjr l` ACQ. L` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr cjrt` al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla `l rjtjr ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cu`hmj sa `p`g` al ahcahmfmj. L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh ma Djscb t`kdfæh tfaha uh` p`l`hc` ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr. Qh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla cjh duah k`htahfkfahtj puama iuhcfjh`r p`r` rap`r`r kàs qua al kjtjr. L` prfhcfp`l c`us` ma m`ðjs ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjras as l` sucfam`m j al `gu` ah al cjkdustfdla. Al k`htahfkfahtj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla y ljs fhyactjras as kuy mfiëcfl. ^jr lj t`htj, mada sar prjmucfmj ah l` ast`cfóh ma ^augajt. @l tr`d`o`r ah al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma Luc`s, sa madah tjk`r prac`ucfjhas `mfcfjh`las? - sfakpra mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` `htas ma mascjhact`r cu`lqufar` ma ljs cjhactjras mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla5 - cu`hmj fhst`la l` d`tarë`, hj cjhiuhm` ljs pjljs5 - Hj sjkat` ljs cjkpjhahtas mal sfstak` (aspacf`lkahta l` ACQ) ` cbjquas5
- Hj `dr` l` ACQ5 - avfta qua l` bukam`m fhgrasa ` ljs cjkpjhahtas mal sfstak` ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (cu`hmj l`va al kjtjr, prjtao` al sfstak` ma l` ahtr`m` ma `gu`). Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Djkd`s ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfjh prasfjh C`p`cfm`m mal kjtjr 0.6 lftrjs (MBR)
Djscb @S3 Y^4>
Kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs (^2C)
Luc`s / ^S@ A^FC
Mfraccfóh Mfraccf óh ma rjt`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. Fhst`l`cfóh Fhst`l`cf óh ma uh` djkd` Djscb `l fhst`l`r uh pfstóh ma cu`rtj cflfhmr cflfhmrj j ah ]MC
Ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo cu`hmj sa va masma al l`mj ma l` uhfm`m t`k`ðj ma cjhtrjl >,17 kk
Iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal cflfhmr cflfhmrj j
0–3–=–4 (al cflfhmrj hÿkarj 0 astà udfc`mj ah al l`mj mal vjl`hta)
Yaljcfm`m Yaljcfm` m kàxfk` mal kjtjr
10>> ° 2> rpk
Djqufll`s Djqufll`s ^rasfóh ma fhyaccfóh? - Djqufll`s Djscb
071 d`r
- Luc`s djqufll`s
093 ° 3.1 d`r
]urdjcjkprasjr ]urdjcjkprasjr ]fpj
G`rratt ]4
@ukahtj ma prasfjh
0 d`r ` 3>>> rpk
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. k. Yàlvul` sjlahjfma p`r` p`r`r al kjtjr.
4>
]uarc`s Ma ]udarë`
4>
]`póh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla? - Luc`s
9
- Djscb
01
]jrhflljss ma suoacfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. ]jrhfllj
4>
Suoacfóh ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla.
1>
Djqufll`s
6>
^arhjs ma kjht`oa mal turdjcjkprasjr
9>
]urdjcjkpr asjr cjhaxfjhas ma tudarë` ma `cafta. ]urdjcjkprasjr Llah`mj y djkdaj mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Djkd` ma raiuarzj k`hu`l
4>
Maspuæs
ma
cu`lqufar
mascjhaxfóh
mal
sfstak`
ma
cjkdustfdla,
al
`fra
puama
ahtr`r,
qua
mada
sar
alfkfh`mj.
Ah al c`sj mal mas`rrjllj cjkplatj ma cjkdustfdla mal t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla, hj as hacas`rfj llah`r cjkplat`kahta al t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla y djkda`r al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, as suifcfahta `grag`r cjkdustfdla `l t`hqua ma cjkdustfdla y `rr`hc`r al kjtjr cjh al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua cjh al pam`l mal `calar`mjr cjkplat`kahta prasfjh`mj. Maspuæs ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr, `ukahta lfgar`kahta l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë p`r` cjkplat`r al prjcasj ma djkdaj mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs b`y uh` djkd` k`hu`l ah ijrk` ma duldj ma gjk`, qua sa ahcuahtr` ah al l`mj maracbj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa al tjrhfllj ma vahtfl`cfóh udfc`mj ah al parhj ma l` cjhaxfóh mal tudj ma `lfkaht`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 4. Djkdaa 4. Djkdaa l` djkd` ma raiuarzj b`st` qua al cjkdustfdla cjkfahca ` s`lfr pjr mad`oj mal tjrhfllj ma purg` sfh durduo`s ma `fra. @prat`r al tjrhfllj ma purg`. 3. Ahcfahm` 3. Ahcfahm` l` fghfcfóh p`r` qua iuhcfjha l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr y cjhtfhÿa djkda`hmj cjh uh` djkd` ma raiuarzj b`st` qua sfaht` uh` rasfstahcf` sfghfifc`tfv`. =. Sf =. Sf fhgras` fhgras` uh` uh` gr`h c`htfm`m ma cjkdustfdla ` l` djkd`, cjljqua uh tr`pj ah al lug`r ma cjhaxfóh ma l` k`hguar` ma cjkdustfdla ma ratjrhj y djkdaa l` djkd` ma raiuarzj (cjh l` fghfcfóh ahcahmfm`) j ahcfahm` al kjtjr cjh uh kjtjr ma `rr`hqua b`st` qua `p`razc` cjkdustfdla lfkpfj ah l` uhfóh. @prat`r l` `rtfcul`cfóh. 1. Sf 1. Sf al `fra fhgras` ` l`s djqufll`s, cjljqua uh p`ðj ah al puhtj mjhma l`s tudarë`s astæh cjhact`m`s ` l`s djqufll`s y `iljoa ast`s cjhaxfjhas. @rr`hqua al kjtjr b`st` qua al cjkdustfdla s`lg` ma l`s ouht`s y vualv` ` `prat`r l`s cjhaxfjhas. 9. @rr`hqua 9. @rr`hqua al kjtjr cjh al pam`l mal `calar`mjr cjkplat`kahta prasfjh`mj. Ifltrj ma `fra y tjk`s ma `fra. Ifltrj
ma `fra
ma alfkfh`cfóh alfkfh`cfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y ratfra al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh ma l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Ah 4. Ah kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs, mascjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra. Ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra l` k`hguar` ma rairfgar`hta y al sap`r`mjr ma `cafta ma l` cudfart` mal ifltrj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l` cudfart` mal ifltrj ma `fra. Lav`hta l` t`p` y ratfra al alakahtj mal ifltrj. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al `ljo`kfahtj mal ifltrj ma `fra b`cf` `rrfd` p`r` pjmar maskjht`r tjmjs
ljs alakahtjs fhiarfjras.Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, as hacas`rfj maskjht`r al paquaðj alakahtj ma suoacfóh ma plàstfcj (fhmfc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) qua suoat` al `ljo`kfahtj `l tudj ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra fhiarfjr.
1. ^`r` 1. axtr`ar tudj ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs ma l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma `fra y ratfra l` suspahsfóh. @iljoa al jtrj axtrakj mal tudj ma ^`r` `mkfsfóh ma al `fra y axtràfg`lj. Cjhmuctj
ma
`mkfsfóh `mkfsfóh
c`h`las ma `fra ma ahtr`m` - as uh sfstak` cjkplaoj qua cjhst` ma tudjs ilaxfdlas y c`h`las rëgfmjs qua cjhact`h al ifltrj ma `fra, uh rairfgar`mjr y uh
turdjcjkprasjr. Ljs puartjs ma `mkfsfóh astàh udfc`mjs ah l` p`rta suparfjr y pjstarfjr mal kjtjr, y ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal kjtjr, ahtra al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y l` d`hmao`. ^`r` ratfr`r ljs tudjs ma l` p`rta tr`sar` mal kjtjr, mada lav`ht`r l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` ratfr`r al tudj j cjhmuctj ma ahtr`m`, as hacas`rfj `iljo`r l`s `dr`z`mar`s ah ljs axtrakjs mal tudj y mas`tjrhfll`r ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al tudj `l sjpjrta. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs p`r` axtr`ar al tudj ma `fra mal`htarj, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ma `mkfsfóh.
4. Maspuæs 4. Maspuæs ma `iljo`r l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l` k`hguar`, ratfra al axtrakj mal tudj ma l` djqufll`.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. C`dla mal `calar`mjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`). Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `hfllj ma sall`mj fhst`l`mj ah l` drfm` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla.
4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` p`l`hc` ah al sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh ma cjhtrjl ma cjkdustfdla udfc`mj ah al l`mj mal`htarj fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal sjpjrta mal sahsjr. 3. Ah 3. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. =. Ah =. Ah al `utjkóvfl, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr y gfra al dljquaj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas 6> ¾. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, masahrjsqua masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al p`hal fhiarfjr mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y mascjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal ratahamjr ah al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa mal pam`l, luagj `ta uh c`dla l`rgj y malg`mj `l c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 7. Ah 7. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al `hfllj ma l` p`rtfcfóh, salla al c`dla mal `calar`mjr y ratfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Mas`ta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr y mæoalj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Al c`dla sarà hacas`rfj p`r` al pjstarfjr `prfata mal huavj c`dla mal `calar`mjr ah su lug`r. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @t`r 0. @t`r al c`dla `l huavj c`dla mal `calar`mjr y, tfr`hmj mal c`dla ah al `utjkóvfl, tfra mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr ` tr`væs ma l` p`rtfcfóh. Mas`ta al c`dla mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr, fhst`la l` iuhm` mal c`dla ah al ratahamjr ma sjpjrta mal pam`l y cjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr `l pam`l. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua al c`dla mal `calar`mjr astæ dfah cjhact`mj `l pam`l, luagj fhst`la l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal.
3. Ah 3. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, varfifqua qua l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr astæ cjljc`m` cjrract`kahta ah al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al k`kp`rj, luagj cjljqua al c`dla ` lj l`rgj ma tjm` l` ljhgftum ah ljs sjpjrta sjpjrtass ma kjht`oa. =. Maslfca =. Maslfca l` `r`hmal` pl`h` sjdra l` cudfart` mal c`dla a fhstàlal` ah al sjpjrta. Cjhacta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ` l` p`l`hc`. @ousta @ousta JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al clfp p`r` suoat`r l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Yarfifqua qua l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl astæ ah su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l y, `l kjvar l` iuhm` mal c`dla, salaccfjha l` bjlgur` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 4. Ah 4. Ah l` pjsfcfóh fhst`l`m` mal c`dla, fhst`la al clfp ah l` r`hur` axtarfjr ma l` cudfart` mal c`dla ah irahta mal `hfllj ma sall`mj ma gjk` y l` `r`hmal`. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma ffhst`l`r hst`l`r l` `dr`z`mar` y al c`dla ah su lug`r, mada jdsarv`rsa sjlj uh` lfgar` ilaxfóh mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr. Kfahtr`s al `sfstahta prasfjh` su`vakahta al pam`l mal `calar`mjr, varfifqua qua l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl astæ cjkplat`kahta gfr`m` y ragrasa ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l. ^am`l mal `calar`mjr
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. 4. Mapahmfahmj 4. Mapahmfahmj mal mfsaðj, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal t`póh j masahrjsqua uh` tuarc` mal axtrakj ma uh aoa ma uh` dfs`gr` ma uh pam`l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al pam`l j ratfra al cjhouhtj mal pam`l cjh al p`s`mjr ma l` dfs`gr`. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @ousta ma l` djkd` djkd` ma cjkdustfdl cjkdustfdlaa ma `lt` prasf prasfóh óh @oustas ma l` l` p`l`hc` ma cj cjhtrjl htrjl
L` L`
D. @ousta ma l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë mal tjrhfllj
C. tjrhfllj ma mjsfifc`cfóh ma cjkdustfdla
@mvartahcf` Al `ousta mascrftj sa `plfc` sjlj ` uh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla Djscb. L` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma Luc`s hj raqufara `ousta, y` qua Cjhtrjl`mj pjr sfstak` alactróhfcj ma l` ACQ. ^jrqua Al tfpj b`dftu`l ma t`cókatrj, qua sa `lfkaht` kamf`hta fkpulsjs mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj, hj sa puama us`r ah kjtjras mfæsal5 sa fhst`l` uh cjhactjr ma mf`ghóstfcj p`r` aqufpjs ma jkamfcfóh ` ljs hj sa puama `ccamar ah al bjg`r. Sf l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë as mfiarahta ma l` raquarfm`, mada us`r uhcjhact`r t`cókatrj aspacf`l pjharsaaspacf`las ah cjht`ctj cjhqua l` ast`cfóh ^augajt. @ousta ma uh c`dla `calar`mjr `calar`mjr TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @htas 0. @htas ma ra`lfz`r al `ousta, c`lfahta al kjtjr ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj hjrk`l p`r` qua al vahtfl`mjr mal r`mf`mjr sa ahcfahm` `l kahjs mjs vacas. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al `ousta mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. 3. L` p`l`hc` L` p`l`hc` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla mada ahtr`r ah cjht`ctj cjh al tjrhfllj qua `oust` l` valjcfm`m kàxfk` (fhmfc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`)5 ma lj cjhtr`rfj, ratfra al clfp ma `ousta mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr a fhstàlalj ah l` r`hur` masa`m` p`r` g`r`htfz`r l` tahsfóh hjrk`l mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr y varfifqua qua l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl astæ ah cjht`ctj cjh al tjrhfllj ma kamfcfóh ma cjkdustfdla. @ousta ma vualt`s ma r`lahtë. r`lahtë. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` y mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj ma kamfcfóh ma cjkdustfdla b`st` qua sa `laoa ma l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl. 4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` y gfra al tjrhfllj ma `ousta ma l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë b`st` qua sa `oustah l`s rpk mal kjtjr. @prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc`. @ousta ma l` mjsfs ma cjkdustfdla cjkdustfdla TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhsarta 0. Fhsarta uh c`lzj j bjo` ma sjhm` ma 0 kk ma aspasjr ahtra l` p`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl ma l` djkd` y al tjrhfllj ma kamfcfóh ma cjkdustfdla.
4. @rr`hqua 4. @rr`hqua al kjtjr `l r`lahtë. L` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr mada cjfhcfmfr cjh ljs v`ljras raquarfmjs. 3. Sf 3. Sf as hacas`rfj, `iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` a fhst`la l` valjcfm`m raquarfm` mal kjtjr cjh al tjrhfllj ma `ousta ma kamfcfóh ma cjkdustfdla. Yualv` ` `prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` ouht` j p`lat` ma p`lp`cfóh y varfifqua l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë. @ousta mal r`lahtë `calar`mj. `calar`mj. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @p`gua 0. @p`gua al kjtjr y varfifqua qua l` p`l`hc` astæ ah cjht`ctj cjh al tjrhfllj ma `ousta. Sf as hacas`rfj, `iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` y kuav` l` tuarc` (D) mal c`dla p`r` `ukaht`r l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë. @prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc` (@).
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj mal mf`ir`gk` ma cjhtrjl ma `partur` p`r` `ukaht`r l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë y `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. Cjkpruada qua al kjtjr iuhcfjh` ` r`lahtë `ltj. Sf as hacas`rfj, `iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` y kuav` l` tuarc` mal c`dla p`r` `ukaht`r l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë. @prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc`. @p`gua al kjtjr y vualv` ` cjhact`r l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj `l mf`ir`gk`. 3. Ifh`lkahta 3. Ifh`lkahta `p`g`r al t`cókatrj. =. Sf =. Sf sa ra`lfz`h `oustas p`r` `ukaht`r l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë, `ousta al `kjrtfgu`mjr. @ousta
mal
Alakahtjs ma `ousta p`r` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh Djscb
`kjrtfgu`mjr
0. Cjhtr`tuarc`
=. ]jrhfllj ma `ousta
4. Ouht` 1. ^`l`hc` ma cjhtrjl ma l` djkd` 3. Y`rfll` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ta`lfca 0. Ta`lfca tjmjs ljs `oustas mascrftjs mascrftjs `htarfjrkahta `htarfjrkahta .
4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc` y masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj ma `ousta mal `kjrtfgu`mjr ma cbjqua udfc`mj ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` p`l`hc`, a fhsarta uh` ouht` j p`lat` p`lat` ma sjhm` ma 0,> kk ma asp aspasjr asjr aht ahtra ra l` v`rfll` m mal al `kjrtfgu`mjr `kjrtfgu`mjr y aall tjrhfllj ma `ousta ((cjhsulta cjhsulta l` ifgur`. ifgur`. Alakahtjs ma `ousta ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh ma Djscb Djscb ). 3. Gfra 3. Gfra al tjrhfllj ma `ousta y ifoa al asp`cfj p`r` qua l` puht` ma l` sjhm` puam` kjvarsa iàcflkahta ahtra l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr y al tjrhfllj. @prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc`. Yàlvul` sjlahjfma sjlahjfma p`r` p` p`r`r r`r al kj kjtjr. tjr. @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj ratfra l` vàlvul`, tahg` cufm`mj ma qua hj ahtra sucfam`m ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. L` jpar`cfóh mascrft` sa `plfc` sjlj ` uh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla Djscb. L` vàlvul` sjlahjfma p`r` matahar al kjtjr sa ahcuahtr` `l ifh`l ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. Su t`ra` as matahar al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla cu`hmj sa `p`g` l` fghfcfóh. Ah al c`sj ma uh` rjtur` alæctrfc` ah l` vàlvul` j ah ljs c`dlas ma `lfkaht`cfóh, hj sarà pjsfdla `rr`hc`r al kjtjr, y` qua hj p`s`rà cjkdustfdla ` ljs fhyactjras. Lj kfskj jcurrfrà sf al ækdjlj ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma sa `t`sc` ah al kjmj ma p`r`m` mal kjtjr (l` vàlvul` astà carr`m`). Sf al t`póh ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma astà `t`sc`mj ah l` pjsfcfóh `dfart`, al kjtjr hj sa puama matahar cu`hmj sa `p`g` al ahcahmfmj. Sf l` djdfh` ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma i`ll` y hj sa puama `rr`hc`r al kjtjr, puama b`car l` sfgufahta rap`r`cfóh takpjr`l ratfr`hmj l` vàlvul` a fhst`làhmjl` huav`kahta sfh al ækdjlj y al rasjrta.@bjr` sa puama `rr`hc`r al kjtjr hjrk`lkahta y `p`g`rlj cjh l` p`l`hc` ma p`r`m` k`hu`l mal
kjtjr ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` iuhm` ma gjk`, luagj mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` y ratfra al c`dla ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`).
3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta al asp`cfj `lramamjr ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma, luagj masahrjsqua y ratfra l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma cjh uh` ouht` tórfc`. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ahmaal`lt` jrmah fhvarsj alfkfh`cfóh. Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla prasfóh ma ma Djscb
@mvartahcf` ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hj mao`r qua ahtra sucfam`m ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla j ah l` tudarë` ma `lt` prasfóh cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. ]`kdfæh usa sfakpra uh huavj sallj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs tudjs ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra p`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m`. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s mal ragul`mjr ma v`cëj `l ifh`l ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 7. K`rqua 7. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh y ratfra uh c`dla ma l`s vualt`s `calar`m`s ma r`lahtë ma l` p`l`hc` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh.
2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta l` lëha` ma sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y cjhæctal` cjh al ahcbuia `prjpf`mj (fhmfc`mj pjr l`s ilacb`s).
6. Ah 6. Ah lug`r ma l` k`hguar` ma cjkdustfdla axtr`ëm`, fhst`la uh parhj (fhmfc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) p`r` avft`r qua ahtra l` sucfam`m.
0>. 0>. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al tudj ma ratjrhj ma cjkdustfdla y ahcbÿialj cjh al t`póh `prjpf`mj. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta tjmjs ljs c`dlas ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla (sa aspacfifc` cjh uh` ilacb`).
04. 04. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma suoacfóh ma l` tudarë` qua cjhact`h l`s tudarë`s ma l` djqufll` ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. Tatfra ljs tudjs y prjtæo`ljs ma l` sucfam`m. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` L` ijrk` fma`l ma avft`r qua l` sucfam`m ahtra ah l`s lëha`s ma cjkdustfdla `dfart`s y l`s cjhaxfjhas as cjrt`r ljs mamjs ma ljs gu`htas ma gjk` qufrÿrgfcjs, cjljc`rljs ah l`s tudarë`s y `sagur`rljs cjh d`hm`s ma gjk`. 03. 03. ^`r` ^`r` l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, gfra al cfgüað`l ah l` mfraccfóh ma rjt`cfóh mal kjtjr b`st` qua ljs mjs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh sa `lfhaah cjh ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfahtas mal kjtjr. Al kjtjr sarà kàs iàcfl ma gfr`r sf masahrjsc` l`s duoë`s.
0=. 0=. Fhsarta Fhsarta mjs parhjs K2 ` tr`væs ma ljs jrfifcfjs ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. Astjs parhjs suoat`h l` pjla` kfahtr`s sa axtr`a l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh, pjr lj qua hj tfaha qua quft`r l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh.
01. 01. K`rqua K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh cjh raspactj ` l` suspahsfóh ma l` fhst`l`cfóh utflfz`hmj uh tr`zj j rjtul`mjr (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`). Astj `sagur`rà qua l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla sa k`htahg` cu`hmj sa fhst`la ah su udfc`cfóh jrfgfh`l.
09. 09. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tras tuarc`s ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd` mal`htar`. Mastjrhflla y ratfra l` tuarc` y al parhj tr`sarjs, tjk`hmj hjt` ma l` udfc`cfóh ma l`s `r`hmal`s y `pjya l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ah l` vfg`. 07. 07. Sap`ra Sap`ra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla mal aoa ma l` djkd`. 02. 02. ]ahfahmj ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra l` djkd`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Taakpl`ca 0. Taakpl`ca l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah al aoa ma l` djkd`. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` djkd` ah su lug`r y suoætal` ah al rfal cjkj ah al prjcasj ma axtr`ccfóh. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la uh` pjla` ah al aoa ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s bacb`s ah l` djkd` y al kjht`oa ma fhst`l`cfóh `htas ma ratfr`r. Fhst`la y `prfata su`vakahta l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs ma l` djkd`. 1. Ast`dlacar 1. Ast`dlacar al kjkahtj ma fhyaccfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 9. Fhst`la 9. Cjhacta Fhst`la y al v ualv` vualv` ` `prat`r ljs tudjs qua cjhact`h l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ` ljs fhyactjr f hyactjras. as. 7. Cjhacta 7. sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj. 2. Cjhacta 2. Cjhacta uh c`dla ma ljs gfrjs `l r`lahtë fhcrakaht`mjs ` l` p`l`hc` ma l` djkd`. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la y `ousta al c`dla mal `calar`mjr. 0>. 0>. Cjhacta Cjhacta l`s k`hguar`s `l ragul`mjr ma v`cëj. 00. 00. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar l` c`rc`s` suparfjr ma uh` cjrra` ma ahgr`h`oa.
04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` cjrra` c jrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la ljs tudjs ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra. 0=. 0=. Cjhacta Cjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 01. 01. Alfkfh`r Alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. 09. 09. @rr`hqua @rr`hqua al kjtjr y varfifqua ljs `oustas ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. Djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh Luc`s @mvartahcf` ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hj mao`r qua ahtra sucfam`m ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla j ah l` tudarë` ma `lt` prasfóh cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. ]`kdfæh usa sfakpra uh huavj sallj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al mfspjsftfvj alactróhfcj ma cjhtrjl ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla (ACQ) y l` c`o` ma ACQ. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh y l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `ltarh`mjr. 9. Mastjrhflla 9. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra uh dr`zj fhtarkamfj (l` djkd` mal `kplfifc`mjr ma uh` mfraccfóh y al gahar`mjr) b`cf` ljs l`mjs mal dljqua ma
cflfhmrjs. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma uh` trahz` ma c`dlas `l kjtjr y kuav` al suoat`mjr ` uh l`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. As pjsfdla qua mad` mascjhact`r `lguhjs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs p`r` kjvar al k`zj ma c`dlas ` uh` mfst`hcf` suifcfahta. K`rqua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras mascjhact`dlas. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m` qua cudra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla l`s k`hguar`s ma cjkdustfdla ma `lfkaht`cfóh y ratjrhj ma l` djkd`. Cfarra ljs axtrakjs `dfartjs ma l`s k`hguar`s cjh ljs t`pjhas `macu`mjs. 0>. 0>. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs ma l` djkd` y l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma k`hguar`.
00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h ljs tudjs ma l` djqufll` ` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla.
04. 04. ^`r` ^`r` l` pjla` mal cfgüað`l, gfra al cfgüað`l ah l` mfraccfóh ma rjt`cfóh mal kjtjr b`st` qua ljs mjs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh sa `lfhaah cjh ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfahtas mal kjtjr. Al kjtjr sarà kàs iàcfl ma gfr`r sf masahrjsc` l`s duoë`s. 03. 03. Fhsarta Fhsarta mjs parhjs K2 ` tr`væs ma ljs jrfifcfjs ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. Astjs parhjs suoat`ràh l` pjla` kfahtr`s sa axtr`a l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh, pjr lj qua hj tahmrà qua quft`r l` cjrra` ma mfstrfducfóh.
0=. 0=. K`rqua K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh cjh raspactj ` l` suspahsfóh ma l` fhst`l`cfóh, utflfz`hmj uh tr`z`mjr j uh rjtul`mjr (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`). Astj `sagur`rà qua l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla sa k`htahg` cu`hmj sa fhst`la ah su udfc`cfóh jrfgfh`l.
01. 01. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tras tuarc`s mal`htar`s (ilacb`) ma l` djkd`.
09. 09. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla y ratfra l` tuarc` tr`sar` y al parhj (fhmfc`mjs pjr l` ilacb`), tjk`hmj hjt` ma l` udfc`cfóh ma l`s `r`hmal`s y `pjya l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ah l` vfg`.
07. 07. Sap`ra Sap`ra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla mal aoa ma l` djkd`. 02. 02. ]ahfahmj ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra l` djkd`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Taakpl`ca 0. Taakpl`ca l` ll`va ma sagkahtj ah al aoa ma l` djkd`. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` djkd` ah su lug`r y suoætal` ah al rfal cjkj ah al prjcasj ma axtr`ccfóh. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la uh` pjla` ah al aoa ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s bacb`s ah l` djkd` y al kjht`oa ma fhst`l`cfóh `htas ma ratfr`r. Fhst`la y `prfata su`vakahta l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs ma l` djkd`. 1. Ast`dlacar 1. Ast`dlacar al kjkahtj ma fhyaccfóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la y vualv` v ualv` ` `prat`r ljs tudjs qua cjhact`h l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ` ljs fhyactjr f hyactjras. as. 7. Cjhacta 7. Cjhacta al sukfhfstrj ma cjkdustfdla y l`s k`hguar`s ma ratjrhj.
2. Cjhacta 2. Cjhacta uh c`dla ma ljs gfrjs `l r`lahtë fhcrakaht`mjs ` l` p`l`hc` ma l` djkd`. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la al prjtactj prjtactjrr ma ll`` cjrra` maht`m`. 0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj ah al kjtjr y vualv` ` cjhact`r ljs cjhactjras pravf`kahta mascjhact`mjs. 00. 00. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh dr`zj fhtarkamfj `l dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la al `ltarh`mjr, l` djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` y l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `ux `uxflf`r. flf`r. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` p`rta supar suparfjr fjr ma mall cjlactjr c jlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. 0=. 0=. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` c`o` ma l` ACQ y l` ACQ. 01. 01. Cjhacta Cjhacta al hag`tfvjmamacjkdustfdla. l` d`tarë`. 09. 09. Alfkfh`r Alfkfh`r al tarkfh`l `fra mal sfstak` ]fakpj ma fhyaccfóh L`
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Al aqufpj p`r` l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh mfhàkfc` ma l` fhyaccfóh, d`s`mj ah l` cjhvarsfóh mal pulsj ma prasfóh ah al tudj ma l` djqufll` ah uh` sað`l alæctrfc`,
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Al tfakpj ma fhyaccfóh astàtfc` m` duahjs rasult`mjs sf sa b`ca cjh cufm`mj. @l ra`lfz`r asta `ousta ah uh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla Djscb, mada tahar uh fhmfc`mjr ma tfpj mf`l cjh ljs `m`pt`mjras `macu`mjs. @l ra`lfz`r asta tr`d`oj ah l` djkd` Luc`s, mada utflfz`r uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. Fhst`l`cfóh ma l` sfhcrjhfz` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh cfóh ma fhyaccfóh ah l` djkd` ma fhyaccfóh Djscb Fhmfc`mjr ma ma asiar` cjh ` `m`pt`mjr, m`pt`mjr, kjh kjht`mj t`mj ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdl cjkdustfdla a Djscb
@mvartahcf` ^`r` prjd`r y `oust`r, mada us`r uh fhmfc`mjr ma tfpj raljo y uh `m`pt`mjr ^augajt Hj. >007@E.
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ratfra 0. Sf 0. Sf sa al cjkpruad` tarkfh`l hag`tfvj l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma l` d`tarë` ma yfhyaccfóh cfarra al ma `ltarh`mjr l` djkd` cjh ahuh uh` p`ðj djkd` lfkpfj fhst`l`m` j uh` djls` ah al ma kjtjr, plàstfcj maspuæs p`r` avft`r ma fhst`l`r qua al l` cjkdustfdla djkd` ah sufhgrasa l ug`r jrfgfh`l, `l gahar`mjr. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s lëha`s ma l` djqufll`. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma sfhcrjhfz`cfóh b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa sa `lfhaah, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l uh cu`rtj ma vualt` ah sahtfmj `htfbjr`rfj. =. Ah =. Ah l` djkd`, masahrjsqua al t`póh udfc`mj ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla, ah al cahtrj ahtra l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l` tudarë` ma l` djqufll`. 1. Ah 1. Ah lug`r ma uh tjpa, ahrjsqua uh `m`pt`mjr cjh uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta. Fhst`la l` sjhm` fhmfc`mjr` ` l` kft`m ma l` c`rrar` y `prfata Qh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta c u`mr`hta cjh uh `m`pt`mjr kjht`mj ah uh` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla Djscb Djscb ). ifrkakahta l` tuarc` ma sagurfm`m (cjhsulta l` ifgur`. ifgur` . Qh 9. Gfra 9. al cfgüað`l ah `kd`s mfraccfjhas y jdsarva fhmfc`mjr` p`r` matarkfh`r al Gfra puhtjlaht`kahta kuartj fhiarfjr. Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r al pfstóh, cjljqua l` l` ilacb` k`hacfll` mal fhmfc`mjr ah carj. qua al pfstóh ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla astà ah 7. Gfra 7. Gfra laht`kahta al cfgüað`l ah l` mfraccfóh ma tr`d`oj b`st` qua sa puam` fhst`l`r l` d`rr` ma dljquaj mal cfgüað`l. 2. Al 2. Al v`ljr kjstr`mj ah al fhmfc`mjr mada sar fgu`l `l aspacfifc`mj ah l`s aspacfifc`cfjhas tæchfc`s. Sf as hacas`rfj uh `ousta, `iljoa l`s tuarc`s mal`htar` y tr`sar` y ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y gfra laht`kahta l` c`rc`s` ma l` djkd` b`st` qua al fhmfc`mjr kuastra al v`ljr masa`mj, luagj `prfata ljs parhjs y tuarc`s ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd`. 6. Gfra 6. Gfra al cfgüað`l 0 y ljs gfrjs 3/= ah l` mfraccfóh ma tr`d`oj ma su rjt`cfóh y, gfr`hmj laht`kahta al cfgüað`l ah mfiarahtas mfraccfjhas, cjljqua al fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta ah carj. 0>. 0>. Gfra Gfra laht`kahta al cfgüað`l ah l` mfraccfóh ma tr`d`oj ma su rjt`cfóh b`st` qua al cfgüað`l sa puam` dljqua`r cjh uh` d`rr` ma dljquaj. Yualv` ` varfifc`r al v`ljr kamfmj pjr al fhmfc`mjr ma mf`l. 00. 00. Sf Sf as hacas`rfj vjlvar ` `oust`r, `iljo `iljoaa l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs ma l` djkd` y rapft` ljs p`sjs mascrftjs `htarfjrka `htarfjrkahta. hta.
04. 04. Cu`hmj Cu`hmj sa `oust` l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma l` fhyaccfóh, masahrjsqua al `m`pt`mjr y ratfra al fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta. 03. 03. Fhst`la Fhst`la al ahcbuia ah lug`r mal `m`pt`mjr y `prfætalj ifrkakahta. 0=. 0=. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` tudarë` mal fhyactjr, cjhacta l` d`tarë` y purgua al `fra mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. @ousta ma l` sfhcrjhfz`cfóh sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma fhyaccfóh ah l` djkd` ma fhyaccfóh Luc Luc`s `s @mvartahcf` ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hjusamao`r qua uh ahtra sucfam`m cjkdustfdla. ]`kdfæh sfakpra huavj sallj. ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla j ah l` tudarë` ma `lt` prasfóh cu`hmj tr`d`oa ah l` djkd` ma Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. ma cjhtrjlyma ma cjkdustfdla y l` c`o` ma ACQ. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra Tatfra al al mfspjsftfvj sfstak` ma alactróhfcj tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh l` fhyaccfóh p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr(ACQ) ma `mkfsfóh. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `ltarh`mjr. 9. Mastjrhflla 9. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra uh dr`zj fhtarkamfj (l` djkd` mal `kplfifc`mjr ma uh` mfraccfóh y al gahar`mjr) b`cf` ljs l`mjs mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma uh` trahz` ma c`dlas `l kjtjr y kuav` al suoat`mjr ` uh l`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. As pjsfdla qua mad` mascjhact`r `lguhjs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs p`r` kjvar al k`zj ma c`dlas ` uh` mfst`hcf` suifcfahta. K`rqua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras mascjhact`dlas. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al prjtactjr ma l` cjrra` maht`m` qua cudra l` pjla` ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma sfhcrjhfz`cfóh b`st` qua ljs jrfifcfjs ma kjht`oa sa `lfhaah, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l uh cu`rtj ma vualt` ah sahtfmj `htfbjr`rfj. 0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla al t`póh mal jrfifcfj ma sfhcrjhfz`cfóh ma fhyaccfóh udfc`mj ah al l`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. Ah `usahcf` ma uh` v`rfll` aspacf`l ma fhst`l`cfóh ma ^augajt, sa puama us`r uh` v`rfll` cjrt` ma 0.1 kk ma mfàkatrj, uhj ma cuyjs axtrakjs as cóhfcj.
00. 00. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` v`rfll` ^augajt ah al jrfifcfj ma fhyaccfóh ah al l`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. @l prasfjh`r lfgar`kahta l` d`rr`, gfra laht`kahta al cfgüað`l ah l`
mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh ma tr`d`oj b`st` qua l` d`rr` ^augajt sa fhst`la ah l` r`hur` mal kac`hfskj fhtarhj ma l` djkd`.
04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra tjm`s l`s barr`kfaht`s y cjljqua al cfgüað`l ah l` pjsfcfóh ma `lfha`cfóh ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma fhst`l`cfóh, luagj gfra al cfgüað`l uh cu`rtj ma vualt`. 03. 03. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` v`rfll` ^augajt ah al jrfifcfj ma fhyaccfóh ah al l`mj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. @l prasfjh`r lfgar`kahta l` d`rr`, gfra laht`kahta al cfgüað`l ah l` mfraccfóh ma su rjt`cfóh ma tr`d`oj b`st` qua l` d`rr` ^augajt sa fhst`la ah l` r`hur` mal kac`hfskj fhtarhj ma l` djkd`. Ah ast` pjsfcfóh, al kac`hfskj ma mfstrfducfóh astà ah l` pjsfcfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh, y l`s d`rr`s ma dljquaj madah fhst`l`rsa ah l`s pjla`s mal kjtjr. 0=. 0=. Sf Sf as hacas`rfj ra`lfz`r uh `ousta, ratfra l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh ma l` djkd`, gfra al cfgüað`l ` l` pjsfcfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh y dljquaa l`s pjla`s cjh l`s v`rfll`s ma dljquaj. @iljoa ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd` mal`htar` y tr`sar` y `laoa l` djkd` mal kjtjr. Fhsarta l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh ma
^augajt ah al jrfifcfj ma fhyaccfóh mal l`mj ma l` djkd`, prasfjha l` v`rfll` ma ^augajt y gfra laht`kahta l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla b`cf` al kjtjr b`st` qua l` v`rfll` ma ^augajt ahtra ah l` r`hur` mal kac`hfskj fhtarhj ma l` djkd`. 01. 01. @tjrhflla @tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs ma l` djkd` `l p`r raquarfmj. 09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra l` v`rfll` ma fhst`l`cfóh ma ^augajt y t`pjha al `guoarj. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra l` v`rfll` ma dljquaj mal cfgüað`l. 02. 02. Fhst`la Fhst`la tjmjs ljs cjkpjhahtas y p`rtas pravf`kahta rakjvfmjs. Fhyactjras ma cjkdustf cjkdustfdla dla @mvartahcf` @l varfifc`r al iuhcfjh` iuhcfjh`kfahtj kfahtj ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla, huhc` huhc` cjljqua sus k`hjs j cu`lqufar p`rta mal cuarpj mad`oj mal cbjrrj ma cjkdustfd cjkdustfdla la qua s`la ma l` djqufll`. Al cjkdustfdla sa asc`p` ma l` djqufll` ` `lt` prasfóh y puama fhgras`r `l cuarpj ` tr`væs ma l` pfal, lj qua puama sar i`t`l. Fhspaccfóh Fhspaccfóh Ljs p`ràkatrjs mal fhyactjr sa matarfjr`h mur`hta al usj prjljhg`mj y, lj kàs prjd`dla, madah rap`r`rsa j raakpl`z`rsa maspuæs ma 0>>,>>> ek mal vabëculj. L` fhspaccfóh, ravfsfóh y c`lfdr`cfóh ma ljs fhyactjras mada sar ra`lfz`m` pjr uh aspacf`lfst`. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @rr`hqua 0. @rr`hqua al kjtjr ah kjmj fh`ctfvj `ukaht`mj. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla cjhst`htakahta l`s cjhaxfjhas ma l` lëha` ma cjkdustfdla ` c`m` djqufll`. @l mastjrhfll`r l` tudarë` ah uh` djqufll` ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj, al kjmj ma jpar`cfóh mal kjtjr c`kdf`rà. @l masahrjsc`r l` tudarë` ah al fhyactjr maiactujsj, al kjmj ma jpar`cfóh mal kjtjr hj c`kdf`rà.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj @mvartahcf` ^`r` ratfr`r l` djqufll` cjh uh sahsjr ma alav`cfóh ma l` `guo`, mada us`r uh zóc`lj aspacf`l p`r` `sagur`rsa ma qua al c`dla mal sahsjr sa kuav`, qua astà mfspjhfdla ah ^augajt. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra y l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa ` ijhmj al àra` `lramamjr ma l`s djqufll`s y l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` tudarë` ` l`s djqufll`s.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` tudarë` ` ljs fhyactjras. Sf as hacas`rfj, ljs tudjs ma cjkdustfdla sa puamah quft`r pjr cjkplatj. Cfarra ljs axtrakjs ma l` djqufll` p`r` avft`r qua ahtra sucfam`m.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l`s lëha`s l ëha`s ma ratjrhj ma l`s djqufll`s. djqufll`s. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. 9. Masahrjsqua 9. Masahrjsqua l`s djqufll`s ma l` cul`t`, cjh uh` ll`va ma tudj aspacf`l ma 47 kk, y ratfra l`s djqufll`s.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l`s `r`hmal`s ma cjdra ma l`s djqufll`s.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l`s `r`hmal`s ma sall`mj ma l` cul`t`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @l 0. @l fhst`l`r, usa huav`s `r`hmal`s ma cjdra y sall`mj. Fhst`la t`kdfæh huavjs c`squflljs sf ljs vfaojs astàh m`ð`mjs. 4. Cu`hmj 4. tr`d`oa cjh fhsarta l`s djqufll`s, tahg` cufm`mj hj m`ð`r l` `guo` ma l` djqufll`. 3. @l 3. Cu`hmj @l fhst`l`r, prfkarj ljs duoas ah l` cul`t`,maluagj l`s `r`hmal`s rair`ct` rair`ct`rf`s rf`s (`dult`m`s (`dult`m`s b`cf` `rrfd`) y l`s `r`hmal`s ma cjdra. =. Fhsarta =. Fhsarta l`s djqufll`s y `prfata `l p`r raquarfmj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la ljs tudjs ma cjkdustfdla ah ljs fhyactjras. 9. Yualv` 9. Yualv` ` cjhact`r ljs tudjs ma ratjrhj ma cjkdustfdla. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra y l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. 2. @rr`hqua 2. @rr`hqua al kjtjr. Sf al kjtjr hj `rr`hc`, qufta al `fra mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla. Sahsjras y `ctu`mjras mal sfstak` Djscb @S3. MFS^JSF]FYJ MA CJH]TJL ALAC]TJHFCJ (ACQ) (ACQ) As al cjkpjhahta prfhcfp`l mal sfstak` qua cjhtrjl` al tfakpj ma fhyaccfóh, al `ukahtj ma l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë, l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` y al sfstak` ma ra-cjkdustfóh ma ljs g`sas ma asc`pa. L` ACQ racfda sað`las ma ljs sahsjras qua cjhtrjl`h l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta, l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr, al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal fhyactjr ma cjkdustfdla y l` c`rg` mal kjtjr. Ast`s sað` sað`las las sjh utflfz`m` utflfz`m`ss pjr l` ACQ p`r` cjhtrjl`r al sfstak`. L` ACQ sa ahcuahtr` ah uh` c`o` ma plàstfcj qua astà fhst`l`m` ah al `rcj ma l` ruam` maracb`. Axtr`ccfóh Axtr`ccfóh @htas @htas ma ratfr`r cu`lqufar` ma ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cudfart` ma l` ACQ (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`).
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj lav`ht`hmj l` p`l`hc` ma dljquaj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjhactjr. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr, mascjhacta l` p`rta irjht`l y ratfra l` ACQ ma ljs pfhas.
=. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` ACQ y sàqual` ma l` c`o`. 1. Sf 1. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra l` c`o` ma l` ACQ mas`tjrhfll`hmj ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa fhtarhjs y axtarhjs. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. CFGÜAÐ@L sahsjr As
uh
SAHSJT ravjlucfjhas
gahar`mjr
]AK^AT@]QT@S
ma
mal pulsj
cfgüað`l fhmuctfvj
sa qua
MAL
MA
ahcuahtr` gahar`
pulsjs
ah cu`hmj
al ljs
l`mj
irjht`l
mfahtas
mal
`hfllj
TAITFGAT@H]A
YALJCFM@M YALJCFM@M ma mal
l`
c`rc`s`
vjl`hta MAL
p`s`h
mal `
akdr`gua.
tr`væs
ma
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SAHSJT SAHSJT
Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta as uh tarkfstjr cjh uh cjaifcfahta ma takpar`tur` hag`tfvj, as macfr, ` kamfm` qua l` takpar`tur` mal sahsjr `ukaht`, su rasfstahcf` mfskfhuya. SAHSJT
MA
^TASFÓH
@]KJSIÆTFCJ @]KJSIÆTFCJ
Al sahsjr ma prasfóh `tkjsiærfc` astà udfc`mj mahtrj ma l` ACQ. Asta sahsjr sa utflfz` p`r` ragul`r al kjkahtj ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla ah iuhcfóh ma l` `ltur`. SAHSJT
MA
^TASFÓH
@DSJLQ]J @DSJLQ]J
Al
sahsjr
as
uh`
p`rta
fhtagr`l
ma
l`
SAHSJT
ACQ
y
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sa
puama
axtr`ar
pjr
MA
sap`r`mj. C@TG@
Sahsjr ma c`rg` ah l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh Djscb
Al sahsjr (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) cjhsfsta ah uh pjtahcfókatrj, cuy` rasfstahcf` sa kfma sagÿh l` pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. ^`r` ast` fhijrk`cfóh, l` ACQ puama `oust`r al tfakpj ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla mapahmfahmj ma l` pjsfcfóh mal pam`l y l` c`rg` mal kjtjr.
L` calm` ma c`rg` astà kjht`m` ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. @uhqua sa puama quft`r pjr sap`r`mj, sa raqufara uh aqufpj ma ^augajt p`r` `oust`r l` pjsfcfóh mal sahsjr maspuæs ma l` fhst`l`cfóh. ^jr lj t`htj, l` sustftucfóh ma asta sahsjr mada b`carsa ah l` ast`cfóhaspacf`l ma ^augajt. SAHSJT
MA
ALAY@CFÓH
MA
@GQO@
MA
DJPQFLL@ DJPQFLL@
Al sahsjr ma alav`cfóh ma l` `guo` mal fhyactjr as uh` p`rta fhtagr`l ma uhj ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla qua ahvë` uh` sað`l ` l` ACQ cu`hmj sa `dra al fhyactjr. QHFM@M
MA
CJH]TJL
MAL
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MA
C@LAI@CCFÓH
MA
CJH]TJL CJH]TJL
Asta as uh ralæ cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ qua cjhact` l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta mal sfstak` ma prac`laht`kfahtj ` l` ACQ mur`hta uh tfakpj aspacëifcj `l `rr`hc`r uh kjtjr irëj.
YÀLYQL@
AGT
Al
ratjrhj ma uh` p`rta ma ljs g`sas ma asc`pa `l cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh as cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ ouhtj cjh uh` vàlvul` sjlahjfma AGT y uh` vàlvul` AGT. Al v`cëj ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj sa mfrfga ` l` vàlvul` AGT ` tr`væs ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma `cuarmj cjh l` valjcfm`m, l` c`rg` y l` `ltur` mal kjtjr. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sf 0. Sf `p`raca uh` i`ll` ah al sfstak`, varfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs astæh cjhact`mjs y hj jxfm`mjs. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua al alakahtj mal ifltrj mal ifltrj ma `fra astæ lfkpfj, qua l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr astæ mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas hjrk`las y qua l`s k`hguar`s ma vahtfl`cfóh mal kjtjr astæh fht`ct`s. 3. Sf, 3. Sf, pjr iuar`, tjmj astà ah jrmah y b`y uh` i`ll` ah al sfstak`, as hacas`rfj ravfs`r al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla ah l` ast`cfóh ^augajt. Maspag`hmj
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ]r`ca 0. ]r`ca al c`dla`mj masma al sahsjr `l cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj y mascjhæctalj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra al sahsjr mal càrtar. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Axtr`ccfóh
ma C@DLA
V
MF@IT@GK@
MA
CJH]TJL CJH]TJL
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` uh kaojr `ccasj, ratfra l` ahtr`m` ma `fra ma l` p`rta mal`htar` mal kjtjr. 4. K`rqua 4. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh mal c`dla ma cjhtrjl ah ral`cfóh cjh l` p`l`hc` y mascjhacta al c`dla ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj (@) mal cjhouhtj mal mf`ir`gk` (parhjs ma kjht`oa mal sjpjrta D).
=. Sualta =. Sualta al c`dla mal sjpjrta, mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 parhjs ma kjht`oa mal sjpjrta y ratfra al sjpjrta mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. @ousta 4. @ousta al `ukahtj ma l` valjcfm`m ma r`lahtë. Sahsjras y `ctu`mjras (Luc`s A^FC) QHFM@M
ACQ
L` ACQ as l` uhfm`m prfhcfp`l ma cjhtrjl mal kjtjr. Gastfjh` al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla y ljs sfstak`s ma ramuccfóh ma akfsfjhas ma asc`pa.
L` ACQ racfda sað`las ma sahsjras qua kjhftjra`h l`s cjhmfcfjhas ma jpar`cfóh c`kdf`htas mal kjtjr, cjkj l` takpar`tur` mal `fra ahtr`hta, l` takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta, l` valjcfm`m mal cfgüað`l, l` pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr, atc. Ast`s sað`las sjh utflfz`m`s pjr l` ACQ p`r` matarkfh`r l` c`htfm`m óptfk` ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr`mj pjr l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla. . Axtr`ccfóh Axtr`ccfóh @htas ma ratfr`r cu`lqufar` ma ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla, mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cudfart` ma l` ACQ. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj lav`ht`hmj l` p`l`hc` ma dljquaj ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjhactjr.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr, mascjhacta l` p`rta irjht`l y ratfra l` ACQ ma ljs pfhas.
=. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` ACQ y sàqual` ma l` c`o`.
1. Gfra 1. Gfra al cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ma l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` c `o` b`cf` l` maracb`.
9. Masahg`hcba 9. Masahg`hcba l` past`ð` ma kjht`oa cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, luagj gfra al cjhactjr b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y lav`hta.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l` d`sa mal cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ` l` c`o` ma l` uhfm`m y lav`hta lav`hta l` d`sa mal ccjhactjr. jhactjr.
2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa fhtarhjs y axtarhjs.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` uhfm`m ma c`o`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ^jsfcfóh
y
pjsfcfjhas
mal
cfgüað`l
Asta as uh gahar`mjr ma fkpulsjs fhmuctfvj qua astà `tjrhfll`mj ` l` c`o` mal akdr`gua y cra` fkpulsjs cu`hmj ljs puahtas p`s`h ahtra alljs ahtra ljs jrfifcfjs mal vjl`hta. Cjh al p`sj ma c`m` puahta carc` mal sahsjr sa gahar` uh sjlj fkpulsj, ah al qua l` ACQ matarkfh` l` iracuahcf` ma rjt`cfóh mal cfgüað`l. I`lt` uhj ma ljs puahtas ahtra ljs mjs jrfifcfjs, y `l jkftfr uh` sjl` sað`l, l` ACQ matarkfh` l` pjsfcfóh mal cfgüað`l. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. ]r`ca 0. ]r`ca al c`dla`mj masma al sahsjr `l cjhactjr mal c`dla`mj y mascjhæctalj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra al sahsjr mal càrtar. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` fhst`l`cfóh L`
sa
ra`lfz`
ah
al
jrmah
fhvarsj
ma
alfkfh`cf alfkfh`cfóh. óh.
SAHSJT MA ]AK^AT@]QT@ MAL TAITFGAT@H]A Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta as uh tarkfstjr cjh uh cjaifcfahta ma takpar`tur` hag`tfvj, as macfr, ` kamfm` qua `ukaht` l` takpar`tur` mal sahsjr, su rasfstahcf` mfskfhuya. SAHSJT MA ]AK^AT@]QT@ MAL @FTA Al sahsjr ma takpar`tur` mal `fra ahtr`hta as uh tarkfstjr cjh uh cjaifcfahta ma takpar`tur` hag`tfvj, as macfr, ` kamfm` qua l` takpar`tur` mal
sahsjr `ukaht`, su rasfstahcf` mfskfhuya.]`kdfæh sa utflfz` p`r` `oust`r l` c`htfm`m ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr`mj. Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj alæctrfcj ma mall ssahsjr ahsjr y mas`tjrhflla al sahsjr mal sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal kjtjr.
Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SAHSJT MA ^JSFCFÓH MAL ^AM@L MAL @CALAT@MJT L` L` fhijrk`cfóh sjdra l` pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr sa tr`hskfta ` l` ACQ kamf`hta asta sahsjr. Al c`dla mal `calar`mjr astà cjhact`mj `l sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l, qua cjhvfarta al kjvfkfahtj mal pam`l ah uh` sað`l alæctrfc`. Maspuæs ma prjcas`r ast` sað`l y utflfz`r l` fhijrk`cfóh jdtahfm` ma jtrjs sahsjras, l` ACQ cjhtrjl` l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh alactróhfc`kahta p`r` qua sa sukfhfstra l` c`htfm`m óptfk` ma cjkdustfdla
L` L`
p`r` jdtahar l` mfhàkfc` ma cjhmuccfóh masa`m`. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr ma l` p`l`hc` ah al sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr udfc`mj ah al l`mj mal`htarj fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal `hfllj ma sall`mj ah al sjpjrta mal sahsjr. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra al sahsjr cjh su suspahsfóh. Sf as hacas`rfj ratfr`r al sahsjr ma l` suspahsfóh ma l` fhst`l`cfóh, k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh mal sahsjr ah ral`cfóh cjh l` suspahsfóh, luagj masahrjsqua ljs mjs tjrhflljs y ratfra al sahsjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SAHSJT MA KAMFCFÓH MA L@ ^TASFÓH AH AL CJLAC]JT MA AH]T@M@ Al sahsjr ma prasfóh kfma al v`cëj ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh y tr`hskfta l` fhijrk`cfóh ` l` ACQ p`r` c`lcul`r l` c`rg` mal kjtjr ah cu`lqufar pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr. Al sahsjr sa puama fhst`l`r ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal ifltrj ma `fra j ah jtrjs lug`ras ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj y al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sahsjr ma su zóc`lj. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SAHSJT MA ALAY@CFÓH MA @GQO@ MA DJPQFLL@ DJPQFLL@ Al sahsjr ma alav`cfóh ma l` `guo` mal fhyactjr as uh` p`rta fhtagr`l ma uhj ma ljs fhyactjras ma cjkdustfdla qua ahvë` uh` sað`l ` l` ACQ cu`hmj sa `dra al fhyactjr. SAHSJT MA YALJCFM@M MAL CJCBA Al sahsjr ma valjcfm`m mal vabëculj cjhsfsta ah uh cjhvartfmjr fhclufmj ah l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj. L` ACQ utflfz` sað`las ma sahsjr p`r` c`kdf`r l` c`htfm`m ma cjkdustfdla sukfhfstr`mj sukfhfstr`mj ma `cuarmj cjh l` valjcfm`m mal vabëculj. QHFM@M MA CJH]TJL MAL SFS]AK@ MA C@LAI@CCFÓH MA CJH]TJL Asta as uh ralæ cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ qua cjhact` l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta mal sfstak` ma prac`laht`kfahtj ` l` ACQ mur`hta uh tfakpj aspacëifcj `l `rr`hc`r uh kjtjr irëj.
Y@LYQL@ MA AGT AGT Al ratjrhj ma p`rta ma ljs g`sas ma asc`pa `l cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh as cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ ouhtj cjh l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma y l` vàlvul` AGT. Al v`cëj ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj sa mfrfga ` l` vàlvul` AGT ` tr`væs ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma `cuarmj cjh l` valjcfm`m, l` c`rg` y l` `ltu r` mal kjtjr. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sf 0. Sf `p`raca uh` i`ll` ah al sfstak`, varfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs astæh cjhact`mjs y hj jxfm`mjs. Cjkpruada qua al alakahtj mal ifltrj mal ifltrj ma `fra astæ lfkpfj, qua l` prasfóh ma cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs mal kjtjr astæ mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas hjrk`las y qua l`s k`hguar`s ma vahtfl`cfóh mal kjtjr astæh fht`ct`s. 4. Sf, 4. Sf, pjr iuar`, tjmj astà ah jrmah y b`y uh` i`ll` ah al sfstak`, as hacas`rfj ravfs`r al sfstak` ma cjkdustfdla ah l` ast`cfóh ^augajt. Cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh KJ]JTAS AH YJLQKAH MA 0.6 LF]TJS. LF]TJS. @mvartahcf` Ljs cjlactjras ma `mkfsfóh y asc`pa astàh fhst`l`mjs ah l` kfsk` ouht`. ^jr lj t`htj, sa racjkfahm` ratfr`r `kdjs cjlactjras `l kfskj tfakpj p`r` pjmar raakpl`z`r l` ouht`. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal kjtjr cjhact`mj `l cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj, luagj mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal mf`ir`gk` ma cjhtrjl `l cjlactjr. Kuav` al cjhouhtj mal mf`ir`gk` b`cf` uh l`mj. =. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. 1. Sf 1. Sf hj sa b` ratfr`mj al sfstak` ma l` tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh, mascjhacta l` ahtr`m` ma l` s`lfm` mal turdjcjkprasjr. Cudr` l` `dartur` mal turdjcjkprasjr cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs qua suoat`h l` vàlvul` AGT ` l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh cjlactjr ma ahtr`m`. @iljoa, parj hj mas`tjrhflla cjkplat`kahta al parhj cahtr`l ma suoacfóh ma uh cjlactjr qua sa ahcuahtr` ah l` r`hur` ma uh cjlactjr. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al cjlactjr ma l` cul`t`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. Madah 4. Madah cjhsfmar`rsa ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - raakpl`z`r l`s ouht`s5 - @prfata tjmjs ljs tjrhflljs `l p`r raquarfmj5 - Taakpl`ca l` ouht` `l fhst`l`r l` vàlvul` AGT5 - Yarfifqua qua tjm`s l`s k`hguar`s y tudarë`s astæh cjrract`kahta fhst`l`m`s y `sagur`m`s. KJ]JTAS AH YJLQKAH 4.0 LF]TJS Maskjht`oa ma l` p`rta suparfjr @mvartahcf` Hj b`y suifcfahta asp`cfj ahtra al cjlactjr ma asc`pa y l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr p`r` ratfr`r l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal cjlactjr mal kjtjr kjht`mj ah al vabëculj. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) y ratfra al tudj ma l` p`rta suparfjr
mal cjlactjr. c jlactjr.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` `dr`z`mar` ma tjrhfllj qua suoat` l` p`rta ilaxfdla mal tudj ma AGT `l cjlactjr.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs cu`trj c u`trj tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr ilacb`s).
=. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` p`rta supar suparfjr fjr mal ccjlactjr. jlactjr.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs cu`trj c u`trj salljs qua cjhact`h ljs tudjs ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr fhiarfjr mal cjlactjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. Taakpl`ca 4. Taakpl`ca ljs cu`trj salljs ma gjk` qua cjhact`h ljs tudjs. 3. @prfata 3. @prfata tjmjs ljs parhjs `l p`r aspacfifc`mj.
=. Ifoa =. Ifoa al tudj ma AGT cjh uh huavj clfp ma tjrhfllj (sa aspacfifc` cjh uh` ilacb`).
Axtr`ccfóh ma ijhmj ijhmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` (kjtjr cjh c`o` ma c`kdfjs). 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) mal mfstrfdufmjr, jdsarv`hmj l` pjsfcfóh ma l` suspahsfóh mal sjpjrta ma tudarë` ah al l`mj maracbj mal mfstrfdu mfstrfdufmjr. fmjr.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al cjlactjr ma l` cul`t`, mas`tjrhfll`hmj al tudj ma AGT.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` ouht` mal mfstrfdufmjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
4. Jdsarva 4. Jdsarva ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - raakpl`ca l` ouht` mal cjlactjr5 - @prat`r ljs tjrhflljs `l p`r raquarfmj5 - fhst`l`r l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjlactjr5 - Fhst`la l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. Cjlactjr ma asc`pa Maskjht`oa KJ]JTAS AH YJLQKAH MA 0.6 LF]TJS. LF]TJS. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. ma `mkfsfóh. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra Tatfra al al cjlactjr turdjcjkprasjr. 3. Ah 3. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma l` drfm` mal tudj ma asc`pa mal`htarj. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla l`s safs tuarc`s qua suoat`h al cjlactjr ma asc`pa. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al cjlactjr ma asc`pa ma l` cul`t` cjh l` ouht`. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma l` c`daz` mal cflfhmrj cu`hmj mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s, luagj ma quft`r al cjlactjr, `tjrhflla b`cf` `tràs. KJ]JTAS MA 4.0 LF]TJS AH YJLQKAH
@mvartahcf` Madfmj ` l` i`lt` ma asp`cfj p`r` axtr`ar al cjlactjr ma asc`pa ah al kjtjr fhst`l`mj ah al `utjkóvfl, prfkarj mada ratfr`r l` uhfm`m ma `lfkaht`cfóh. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` `dr`z`mar` ma tjrhfllj qua suoat` l` p`rta ilaxfdla mal tudj ma AGT `l cjlactjr.
3. Masahrjsqua 3. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` ma uhfóh y ratfra al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal turdjcjkprasjr. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y mascjhacta l` drfm` ma l` lëha` ma ratjrhj ma `cafta (@) mal turdjcjkprasjr (D - parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh).
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal turdjcjkprasjr. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h al cjlactjr y ratfra al cjlactjr cjh al turdjcjkprasjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - mur`hta l` fhst`l`cfóh, raakpl`ca tjm`s l`s ouht`s5 - Ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs fhst`l`r turdjcjkprasjr y cjlactjr ma asc`pa5 - ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, ifoa al tudj ma AGT cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma tjrhfllj aspacf`l5 - Ah kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, fhst`la l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`.
]urdjcjkprasjr Al turdjcjkprasjr astà fhst`l`mj ah tjmjs ljs kjtjras mfæsal. @ukaht` l` pjtahcf` mal kjtjr `l `ukaht`r l` prasfóh ah al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh pjr ahcfk` ma l` `tkjsiærfc`. Al turdjcjkprasjr as `ccfjh`mj pjr g`sas ma asc`pa. Al g`s ma asc`pa, qua p`s` ` tr`væs mal turdjcjkprasjr, `calar` ` `lt` valjcfm`m l` turdfh`, qua sa ahcuahtr` ah al aoa, ah al jtrj axtrakj mal cu`l astà fhst`l`mj al cjkpra c jkprasjr. sjr. Al cjkprasjr, gfr`hmj ah su prjpf` c`rc`s`, cjkprfka al `fra ah al c`kfhj b`cf` al cjlactjr ma `mkfsfóh. Ahtra al turdjcjkprasjr y al cjlactjr ma asc`pa, al `fra cjkprfkfmj p`s` ` tr`væs ma uh rairfgar`mjr. As uh fhtarc`kdf`mjr ma c`ljr `fra-`fra fhst`l`m f hst`l`mj j irahta `l r`mf`mjr y ahirf`mj pjr ljs vahtfl`mjras ma `fra y alæctrfcjs mal r`mf`mjr. L` t`ra` mal rairfgar`mjr as ramucfr l` takpar`tur` mal `fra, qua `ukaht` cu`hmj al cjkprasjr cjkprfka al `fra. @mvartahcf`
Al turdjcjkprasjr turdjcjkpras jr iuhcfjh` ` valjcfm`mas y takpar`tur`s axtrak`m`kahta `lt`s `lt`s.. Hj utflfca al turdjcjkprasjr cjh hfhguh` pfaz` j k`hguar` ratfr`m`. L`s p`rtëcul`s axtr`ð`s qua c`ah sjdra l`s cucbfll`s gfr`tjrf`s puamah m`ð`r al turdjcjkprasjr. Hj `ukahta l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr fhkamf`t`kahta maspuæs ma `rr`hc`r, aspacf`lkahta ah uh kjtjr irëj. Mada aspar`r `l kahjs uhjs saguhmjs p`r` g`r`htfz`r l` cfrcul`cfóh hjrk`l mal `cafta. ^arkft` qua al kjtjr iuhcfjha ah r`lahtë mur`hta uhjs kfhutjs `htas ma `p`g`rsa `p`g`rsa maspuæs ma qua al kjtjr b`y` ast`mj iuhcfjh`hmj ` `lt`s ravjlucfj ravjlucfjhas. has. ^`r` ludrfc`r al kjtjr, usa sjlj al `cafta racjkahm`mj. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal turdjcjkprasjr
@mvartahcf` Ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, al turdjcjkp turdjcjkprasjr rasjr sa puama ratfr`r mal kjtjr kjht`mj ah al `utjkóvfl. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, madfmj ` l`s lfkft`c lfkft`cfjhas fjhas ma asp`cfj, al turdjcjkprasjr sjlj sa puama axtr`ar mal kjtjr qua sa axtr`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Maskjht`oa KJ]JTAS AH YJLQKAH MA 0.6 LF]TJS. LF]TJS.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @prfata 0. @prfata al irahj k`hu`l, lav`hta uh` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y iëoalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tudj ma asc`pa racaptjr mal turdjcjkprasjr. 3. Masahrjsqua 3. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al tudj ma ahtr`m` ma `cafta ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal turdjcjkprasjr. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y mascjhacta l` drfm` mal tudj ma `cafta ma ratjrhj ma l` d`sa mal turdjcjkprasjr. Tatfra l` ouht`. 1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al tudj ma ahtr`m` y s`lfm` mal turdjcjkprasjr. Cudr` l` `dartur` mal turdjcjkprasjr cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` ` ljs puht`las ma l` suspahsfóh. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma tjpa fhiarfjr mal tjpa ma racjrrf mj, luagj mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` y al parhj qua suoat` l` suspahsfóh `l k`rcj fhiarf jr y ratfra l` suspahsfóh. 2. B`car 2. B`car k`rc`s ah al aoa fhtarkamfj y ahgr`h`oa ma mfraccfóh mal ahgr`h`oa. Mastjrhflla al parhj ma suoacfóh y l` tuarc`. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la uh dljqua ma k`mar` `macu`mj mad`oj mal k`rcj fhiarfjr p`r` sjstahar al k`rcj fhiarfjr `l d`o`r. 0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs cu`trj tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal d`stfmjr fhiarfjr y d`oa al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr `prjxfk`m`kahta 3>> kk `htas ma qua l` tahsfóh ma l`s k`hguar`s ilaxfdlas ma l` tr`hsiarahcf` ma mfraccfóh. 00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa fhiarfjras mal turdjcjkprasjr. 04. 04. Suoat`hmj Suoat`hmj al turdjcjkprasjr, masahrjsqua al parhj suparfjr mal turdjcjkprasjr y ratfra l` ouht`.
03. 03. D`oa D`oa al turdjcjkprasjr y axtràfg`lj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. KJ]JTAS MA 4.0 LF]TJS AH YJLQKAH JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. 4. Masahrjsqua 4. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al tudj ma ahtr`m` ma `cafta ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal turdjcjkprasjr. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y mascjhacta l` drfm` mal tudj ma `cafta ma ratjrhj ma l` d`sa mal turdjcjkprasjr. Tatfra l` ouht`. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal turdjcjkprasjr. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras tjrhflljs qua suoat`h al turdjcjkprasjr ` l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal cjlactjr ma asc`pa (fhmfc`mj kamf`hta ilacb`s).
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al turdjcjkprasjr mal cjlactjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - cu`hmj fhst`la uh turdjcjkprasjr huavj, raakpl`ca raakpl`ca al `cafta y al ifltrj5 - ah kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs, hj cjhacta l` tudarë` ma sukfhfstrj ma `cafta `htas ma fhst`l`r `kdjs axtrakjs ma l` tudarë`5 - ah ljs kjtjras ma 0,6 lftrjs, `prfata ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr cjh al p`r `prjpf`mj5 - Ah kjtjras 4.0 lftrjs fhst`l`r l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`5 - @htas ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr, b`g` cfrcul`r al `cafta `p`g`hmj l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma ma p`rj mal kjtjr y gfr`hmj al kjtjr v`rf`s vacas mur`hta 0> saguhmjs. Cbaqua mal turdjcjk turdjcjkprasjr prasjr Al turdjcjkprasjr hj as rap`r`dla y sa raakpl`z` cjkj uh` uhfm`m cjkplat`. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah al turdjcjkprasjr axtr`ëmj, fhspaccfjha l` c`rc`s` mal turdjcjkprasjr p`r` matact`r grfat`s y jtrjs m`ðjs.
4. Gfra 4. Gfra l` turdfh` ` l` valjcfm`m kàxfk` y cjkpruada qua l` turdfh` gfr` ma k`har` uhfijrka. Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l`s p`l`s ma l` turdfh` y l` ruam` mal cjkprasjr. c jkprasjr. 3. Sf 3. Sf ljs cjhmuctjs ma asc`pa astàh cjht`kfh`mjs cjh `cafta, al sallj ma `cafta ah al aoa mal turdjcjkprasjr puama ast`r iuar` ma sarvfcfj. Fhtarcjjlar Al
fhtarcjjlar
astà
sftu`mj
mal`hta
mal
r`mf`mjr .
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al r`mf`mjr mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s k`hguar`s ma `fra mal fhtarcjjlar y axtràfg`lj.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj. Aspacfifc`cfjhas tachfc`s tachfc`s ]fpj ma sfstak`
]arkfh`l hag`tfv` ma 04 vjltfjs cjhact`m` ` l` c`rrjcarë` mal vabëculj. v abëculj.
D`tarë` Gahar`mjr
d`oj k`htahfkfahtj Y`laj j Kftsudfsbf
Ma `rr`hqua
Y`laj j Djscb
Sfstak`s ma `rr`hqua y c`rg`.
Aspacfifc`cfjhas tachfc`s tachfc`s ]fpj ma sfstak`
]arkfh`l ma 04 vjltfjs cjhact`m` ` l` c`rrjcarë`hag`tfv` mal vabëculj. v abëculj.
D`tarë`
d`oj k`htahfkfahtj
Gahar`mjr
Y`laj j Kftsudfsbf
Ma `rr`hqua
Y`laj j Djscb
D`tarë` Cjkpruada qua l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj ah l` d`tarë` mada b`carsa c`m` 3 kasas p`r` matarkfh`r l` c`p`cfm`m ma c`rg` ma l` d`tarë`. Al cjhtrjl sa ra`lfz` kamf`hta al mahsftókatrj. @l matarkfh`r l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj as hacas`rfj cjhsfmar`r l` takpar`tur` ma l` d`tarë`. Cu`hmj l` takpar`tur` takpar`t ur` mal alactrjlftj sa` fhiarfjr ` 01 ¾ C pjr c`m` 0> ¾ f hiarfjr ` ast` takpar`tur`, rast rastaa al vv`ljr `ljr ma >.>>7 ma l` mahsfm`m kamfm`. ^jr c`m` 0> ¾ sjdra 01 ¾, `gragua >.>>7. Mahsfm`m mal alactrólftj ma l` d`tarë` L` takpar`tur`
C`rg` cjkplat`
^jr ahcfk` ma 41 ¾ C 0,40> - 0,43>
^jr mad`oj m maa 41 ¾ C 0,47> - 0,46>
C`rgj mal 7>%
0,07> - 0,06>
0.43 - 0.41>
M`mj ma `lt`
0,>1> - 0,>7>
0,00> - 0,03>
Kamfr l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj ah c`m` l`t`. L` mfiarahcf` ah l` mahsfm`m ma >.>= j kàs ahtra mjs d`hcjs cu`lqufar` fhmfc` uh` pærmfm` ma alactrjlftj j suli`t`cfóh ma l`s pl`c`s. Sf l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj ahtra mjs d`hcjs cu`lqufar` mfifara ah kàs ma >.>=, l` d`tarë` mada sar raakpl`z`m`. Sf l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj as fhiarfjr ` l` raquarfm`, parj l` kfsk` ah tjmjs ljs d`hcjs, l` d`tarë` mada c`rg`rsa. Ah al c`sj ma utflfz`r uh` d`tarë` sfh k`htahfkfahtj, l` cjhmfcfóh ma l` d`tarë` sjlj sa puama varfifc`r cjh uh vjltëkatrj. Ah d`tarë`s cjh uh fhmfc`mjr fhcjrpjr`mj mal ast`mj ma c`rg` ma l` l ` d`tarë` sa matarkfh` pjr al cjljr mal ffhmfc`mjr. hmfc`mjr. L` luz varma fhmfc` l ` c`rg` cjkplat` ma l` d`tarë`. Al cjljr hagrj mal fhmfc`mjr fhmfc` l` hacasfm`m ma c`rg`r l` d`tarë`. Al cjljr `zul mal fhmfc`mjr fhmfc` uh hfval d`oj ma alactrjlftj ah l`
d`tarë`. C`rg` d`tarë` mada c`rg`rsa cu`hmj sa axtr`a l` d`tarë` mal vabëculj. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. C`rgua 0. C`rgua l` d`tarë` cjh uh` cjrrfahta ma c`rg` ma 3.1 ` = `kparfjs b`st` qua l` mahsfm`m mal alactrjlftj ah l` d`tarë` `ukahta pjr = bjr`s. 4. Hj 4. Hj sa racjkfahm` al usj ma gr`hmas cjrrfahtas p`r` l` c`rg` ràpfm` ma l` d`tarë`, pjrqua Ah asta c`sj, l`s pl`c`s puamah maijrk`rsa madfmj `l sjdrac`laht`kfahtj. 3. Mur`hta 3. Mur`hta l` c`rg` ma l` d`tarë`, l` takpar`tur` mal alactrjlftj hj mada supar`r ljs 37.2 ¾ C. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` d`tarë` L` d`tarë` astà udfc`m` ah al l`mj mal`htarj fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` d`tarë`, `iljoa al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` y ratëral`. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l pjsftfvj y ratëralj. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y ratfra al clfp ma l` d`tarë`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` d`tarë` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 1. ^`r` 1. ^`r` ratfr`r l` c`o` ma l` d`tarë`, ratfra l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
L` L`
9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh `fra `cjhmfcfjh`mj, mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj qua suoat` l` cjrra` ma l` tr`kp` ma bukam`m `l irahta ma l` c`o` ma l` d`tarë` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`).
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs fhtarfjras (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` c`o` ma l` d`tarë` ` l` d`sa ma kat`l.
2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla t`kdfæh uh parhj axtarhj (sa aspacfifc` kamf`hta uh` ilacb`) ah uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma l` fhst`l`cfóh mal ifltrj ma `fra.
6. Kuav` 6. Kuav` ` uh l`mj tjmjs ljs c`dlas y k`hguar`s y ratfra l` c`o` ma l` d`tarë` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
4. Maspuæs 4. Maspuæs ma cjhact`r ljs tarkfh`las ` l` d`tarë`, ludrëqualjs cjh v`salfh` tæchfc`. 3. Maspuæs 3. Maspuæs ma cjhact`r l` d`tarë`, ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj mur`hta 0> saguhmjs `htas ma `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. Astj parkftfrà qua ljs sfstak`s alactróhfcjs y l`s uhfm`mas ma cjhtrjl fhgrasah `l kjmj ma jpar`cfóh. Sfstak` ma c`rg` Sf l` làkp`r` ma `mvartahcf` ma c`rg` ma l` d`tarë` hj sa ahcfahma cu`hmj sa ahcfahma al ahcahmfmj, varfifqua l`s cjhaxfjhas ma c`dla`mj `l gahar`mjr y l` fhtagrfm`m ma l` làkp`r` ma pruad`. Sf
l`
Sf
tjmjs
làkp`r` ljs
`ÿh
cfrcuftjs
astà alæctrfcjs
`p`g`m`, iuhcfjh`h,
varfifqua ahtjhcas
al
cfrcuftj
al
gahar`mjr
alæctrfcj astà
masma
maiactujsj
al y
gahar`mjr mada
sar
b`st`
raakpl`z`mj
l` j
làkp`r`. rap`r`mj.
Sf l` làkp`r` l àkp`r` ma cjhtrjl ma c`rg` ma l` d`tar d`tarë` ë` astà ahcahmfm` cu`hmj al kjtjr astà ah k`rcb`, k` rcb`, matæhg` matæhg`lj lj y varfifqua al ast`mj y l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh mal `ltarh`mjr, `së cjkj al c`dla`mj `l gahar`mjr. Tavfs`r ragul`mjr ma vjlt`oa vjlt`oa
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjhacta 0. Cjhacta uh vjltëkatrj ` ljs tarkfh`las ma l` d`tarë` y `rr`hqua al kjtjr. 4. @ukahta 4. @ukahta l` valjcfm`m mal kjtjr p`r` ast`dflfz`r l`s lactur`s mal vjltëkatrj, qua mada kjstr`r ma 04 ` 03, parj hj kàs ma 0= vjltfjs. 3. Ahcfahm` 3. Ahcfahm` al hÿkarj kàxfkj ma cjhsukfmjras alæctrfcjs (lucas, c`laht`mjr ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar`, vahtfl`mjr mal c`laht`mjr). Ah asta c`sj, al vjlt`oa prjmucfmj pjr al gahar`mjr cjh uh ragul`mjr ma vjlt`oa mada ast`r ah al r`hgj ma 03 ` 0= vjltfjs. =. Sf =. Sf l` tahsfóh hj cukpla cjh ljs v`ljras raquarfmjs, l` c`us` ma l` i`ll` puama sar al usj ma capflljs mal gahar`mjr, rasjrtas ma capfllj mædflas, uh ragul`mjr ma vjlt`oa maiactujsj, uh mfjmj maiactujsj, uh mav`h`mj mal ast`tjr rjtj j `hflljs ma maslfz`kfahtj maiactujsjs mal rjtjr. @ltarh`mjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh `uxflf`r. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s cudfart`s ma gjk` qua cudrah ljs tarkfh`las mal gahar`mjr, luagj masahrjsqua masahrjsq ua l`s tuarc`s y ratfra ljs c`dlas mal gahar`mjr.
=. Ah =. Ah ljs kjtjras mfæsal ma 4.0 lftrjs, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` y kuav` l` djkd` ` uh l`mj sfh mascjhact`r l`s k`hguar`s bfmràulfc`s. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l` suspahsfóh suparfjr mal gahar`mjr. Mastjrhflla al parhj ma `cjpl`kfahtj `cjpl`kfa htj fhiarfjr mal `ltarh`mjr.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al gahar`mjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
Sfstak` ma `rr`hqua mal kjtjr Sf -
al
`rr`hc`mjr
hj
iuhcfjh`
ah
l`
pjsfcfóh
cómfgj cfrcuftj
`dfartj
l` ahtra al ralæ
Maiactj
ma
l`
fhcjrractj dljquaj ma
ma
ll`va
ma
d`tarë` ahcahmfmj, al ma `rr`hqua
`rr`hqua mal ralæ
mal
kjtjr,
l`s
sfgufahtas
sfstak` astà ma tr`ccfóh, l` d`tarë` tr`ccfóh kacàhfcj j
r`zjhas
y
sjh
al
pjsfdlas? `htffhfcfj5 maiactujs`5 `rr`hc`mjr5 maiactujsj5 alæctrfcj.
Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` d`tarë` d`tarë` JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` prjd`r l` d`tarë`, ahcfahm` ljs i`rjs. Sf sa masv`hacah maspuæs ma uhjs saguhmjs, l` d`tarë` astà d`o`. 4. Tac`rgua 4. Tac`rgua j raakpl`ca l` d`tarë`. Sf ljs i`rjs hj sa `p`g`h, ahcfahm` al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua y jdsarva l` luz. Sf sa masv`hacah, sfghfifc` qua al vjlt`oa v` `l `rr`hc`mjr y l` i`ll` astà ah æl. Sf ljs i`rjs cjhtfhÿ`h `rmfahmj fhtahs`kahta (y hj sa b`ca clfc ah al ralæ ma tr`ccfóh mal `rr`hc`mjr), astj fhmfc` qua b`y uh i`llj ah al cfrcuftj alæctrfcj j qua al ralæ ma tr`ccfóh astà maiactujsj. Sf al `rr`hc`mjr gfr` laht`kahta y l` d`tarë` astà ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas, astj fhmfc` qua al `rr`hc`mjr astà maiactujsj j qua b`y uh` rasfstahcf` sfghfifc`tfv` ah al cfrcuftj alæctrfcj mal `rr`hc`mjr. 3. Sf 3. Sf sa sjspacb` qua b`y m`ðjs alæctr alæctrfcjs, fcjs, mascjhacta l` d`tarë` y lflfkpfa kpfa tjm`s l`s cjhaxfjhas y cjht`ctjs ah al cfrcuftj ma `l `lfkaht`cfóh fkaht`cfóh ma mall `rr`hc`mjr. Yualv` ` cjhact`r l` d`tarë` y, utflfz`hmj uh vjltëkatrj, varfifqua al vjlt`oa ah ljs alakahtjs mal cfrcuftj alæctrfcj `l `rr`hc`mjr. =. Sf =. Sf l` d`tarë` y al cfrcuftj alæctrfcj astàh ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas, ratfra al c`dla ma `lfkaht`cfóh mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh y cjhacta uh vjltëkatrj. Gfra l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj ` l` pjsfcfóh ma `rr`hqua mal kjtjr. Ah ast` pjsfcfóh mada b`dar tahsfóh tjt`l ma l` d`tarë`. 1. Ljs cjht`ctjs Ljs cjht`ctjs mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh sa puamah varfifc`r cjhact`hmj uh vjltëkatrj ahtra al cjht`ctj mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh cjhact`mj `l `rr`hc`mjr y l`
tfarr`. @l gfr`r l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj ` l` pjsfcfóh ma "`rr`hqua mal kjtjr", al vjltëkatrj mada fhmfc`r al vjlt`oa. Ah `usahcf` ma vjlt`oa, al sjlahjfma mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh astà maiactujsj j ljs cjht`ctjs mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh astàh quak`mjs. 9. Sf 9. Sf al cfrcuftj alæctrfcj y al ralæ ma tr`ccfóh astàh fht`ctjs, ahtjhcas al `rr`hc`mjr astà maiactujsj. Ma `rr`hqua Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Sf as hacas`rfj, kaojra al `ccasj, ratfra al ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma tudarë`s.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s mjs tuarc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra ljs c`dlas mal ralæ ma tr`ccfóh mal `rr`hc`mjr. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal cjhtrjl ma ralæ ma tr`ccfóh.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras parhjs, `pjy`hmj al `rr`hc`mjr (l` ilacb` fhmfc` al dus ma tfarr` ah uhj ma ljs parhjs).
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al kjtjr ma `rr`hqua ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
L` L`
Sahsjr ma prasfóh ma `cafta Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al 0. Al sahsjr astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs sjdra al ifltrj ma `cafta. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` qua cudra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr y mascjhacta al cjhactjr. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla al sahsjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y t`pa al jrfifcfj cjh al t`póh `prjpf`mj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada al sallj mal sahsjr y raakplàcalj sf as hacas`rfj.
4. @tjrhflla 4. @tjrhflla al sahsjr ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs y `prfætalj cjh al tjrqua `prjpf`mj. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l sahsjr. s ahsjr. Sahsjr ma hfval ma `cafta Axtr`ccfóh mal sahsjr ma hfval ma `cafta. ` cafta. Al sahsjr astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal ravastfkfahtj mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs ah al l`mj mal vjl`hta. Al kaojr `ccasj `l sahsjr as masma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal cjcba.
Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh Sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj (kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`)
Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, al sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj sauh` cjkdfh` cjh al sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh ma cjkdustfdla masma ÿhfc` y as uh sfstak` fhtagr`mj ma gastfóh mal kjtjr ACQ. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.9 lftrjs, al sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj cjhst` ma 4 djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj. C`m` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj cjhsfsta ra`lkahta ah 4 mav`h`mjs ma `ltj vjlt`oa sap`r`mjs qua `lfkaht`h `lfkaht`h uh` cbfsp` ah mjs cflfhmrjs c`m` uhj (uhj p`r` ljs cflfhmrjs Hj. 0 y =, y al jtrj p`r` ljs cflfhmrjs Hj. 4 y 3). Sa `plfc` uh fkpulsj ma ahcahmfmj mfract`kahta ` mjs duoë`s p`r` c`m` cfclj mal kjtjr, uh` pjr c`m` c`rrar` ma cjkprasfóh, uh` pjr c`m` c`rrar` ma asc`pa (l` cbfsp` ma ahcahmfmj pjr c`m` c`rrar` ma asc`pa hj tfaha aia aiactj ctj ah al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr y, pjr lj t`htj, sa masparmfcf`) L` ACQ utflfz` ahtr`m`s ma v`rfjs sahsjras p`r` c`lcul`r al `ousta ma tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj raquarfmj y al tfakpj ma `cukul`cfóh ma ahargë` ah l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.2 y 4.> lftrjs, al sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj cjhst` ma 4 kómuljs `kplfifc`mjras y = djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj. C`m` dljqua mal `kplfifc`mjr ma ahcahmfmj cjhtrjl` mjs djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj, cjkdfh`m`s cjh l`s puht`s ma l`s duoë`s y kjht`m`s mfract`kahta ah l`s duoë`s, uh` djdfh` pjr duoë`. Astj alfkfh` al usj mama c`dlas ma `lt` utflfz` ahtr`m`s ma v`rfjs sahsjras p`r` c`lcul`r al `ousta ma tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj raquarfmj raquarfmj y al tfakpj ma `cukul`cfóh ahargë` ah l`tahsfóh. djdfh` L` ma ACQ ahcahmfmj Cjkprjd`cfóh mal sfstak` ma ahcahmfmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Sf 0. Sf sa prjmuca uh` parturd`cfóh ah al sfstak` ma gastfóh mal kjtjr, cjkpruada qua al alakahtj mal ifltrj mal ifltrj ma `fra astæ lfkpfj, qua l`s duoë`s astæh ah duah ast`mj y qua tahg`h l`s bjlgur`s `oust`m`s, qua l`s k`hguar`s ma vahtfl`cfóh mal kjtjr hj astæh dljqua`m`s y qua al c`dla mal `calar`mjr astæ cjrract`kahta 4. Luagj, 4. Luagj, varfifqua l` prasfóh ma`oust`mj. cjkprasfóh ah ljs cflfhmrjs y l`s bjlgur`s ma l`s vàlvul`s. 3. Sf 3. Sf l`s varfifc`cfjhas ra`lfz`m`s hj matarkfh`rjh l` c`us` mal matarfjrj mal kjtjr, as hacas`rfj varfifc`r al kjtjr ah l` ast`cfóh ma ^augajt. Djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj Alfkfh`hmj KJ]JTAS 0.9 LF]TJS AH YJLQKAH JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. L` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj astà kjht`m` ah al axtrakj mal`htarj fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta al pastfllj y ratfra al cjhactjr ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj.
3. K`rqua 3. K`rqua ljs c`dlas ma `ltj vjlt`oa y mascjhæctaljs ma l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs = tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` djdfh` ma ahcahmfmj. KJ]JTAS MA 0.2 V 4.> LF]TJS LF]TJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Al kjtjr tfaha = djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj sap`r`m`s, c`m` uh` ahcfk` ma l` duoë`. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` `ccamar ` l`s djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj, mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras ah al axtrakj fzqufarmj mal kómulj ma ahcahmfmj, luagj mas`tjrhflla ljs 9 parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra al kómulj ma ahcahmfmj b`cf` `rrfd` ma l`s duoë`s. L`s djdfh`s ma ahcahmfmj fhmfvfmu`las puamah ratfr`rsa ma l` uhfm`m ma ahcahmfmj sf as hacas`rfj. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ]fakpj ma ahcahmfmj
Hj
b`y
k`rc`s
ma
raiarahcf`
ah
al
vjl`hta
j
l`
pjla`
mal
cfgüað`l
ah
ljs
kjtjras.
L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal kjtjr ma l` ACQ suparvfs` y c`kdf` cjhst`htakahta al tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj. Sfh aqufpj aspacf`l, as fkpjsfdla varfifc`r l` fhst`l`cfóh mal tfakpj ma ahcahmfmj. ahcahmf mj. Sfstak` ma prac`laht` prac`laht`kfahtj kfahtj (kjtjras mfasal) Qh` duoë` fhc`hmascahta astà fhst`l`m` ah c`m` càk`r` ma turdulahcf`. L`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` sa utflfz`h `l `rr`hc`r uh kjtjr irëj. Al sukfhfstrj ma vjlt`oa ` l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas sa cjhtrjl` kamf`hta uh ralæ ma tfakpj ah cjkdfh`cfóh cjh uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj mfasal mal sfstak` ma fhyaccfóh (ACQ). Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas fhc`hmascahtas park`hacah ahcahmfm`s ahcahmfm`s mur`hta uh cfartj parëjmj maspuæs ma qua al kjtjr `rr`hc`, as macfr, Maspuæs ma `p`g`r iuhcfjh`h mur`hta duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas hjsa sa puamah fhtarrukpfrpuamah mur`hta ljs prfkarjs 01 saguhmjs, parj l`s duoë`s ma `rr`hqua, ah al jtrjs 3 kfhutjs. L`siuturj `p`g`r? - prasfjh`hmj al pam`l mal `calar`mjr mur`hta kàs ma 00 kk cjh uh` mur`cfóh ma prahs`mj ma kàs ma 4.1 saguhmjs5 ]akpar`tur` mal rairfgar`hta suparfjr ` 9> ¾ C. L` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl ah al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs astà ahcahmfm` cu`hmj l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas astàh iuhcfjh`hmj. Maspuæs ma `p`g`r l` làkp`r`, sa puama `rr`hc`r al kjtjr. Al vjlt`oa ` l `s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahc fhc`hmascahcf` f` sa sukfhfstr` mahtrj ma uhjs pjcjs saguhmjs maspuæs ma qua sa `p`g` l` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl. Sf hj sa f htaht htaht`` `rr`hc`r al kjtjr maspuæs ma `p`g`r l` làkp`r`, al takpjrfz`mjr takpjrfz`mjr `p`g` al v jlt`oa ma l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascah fhc`hmascahtas tas p`r` avft`r masc`rg`r l` d`tarë` y sjdrac`laht`r l`s duoë`s.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjhacta 0. Cjhacta uh vjltëkatrj ahtra al rfal ma sukfhfstrj ma l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta y l` tfarr`. Ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj y varfifqua qua sa sukfhfstra vjlt`oa ` ljs ahcbuias mur`hta al tfakpj `macu`mj. 4. Cu`hmj 4. Cu`hmj l` takpar`tur` mal `fra as ma 4> ¾ C, ljs fhtarv`ljs ma tfakpj p`r` `plfc`r vjlt`oa ` l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas madah sar ma 1 ` 9 saguhmjs, mur`hta ljs cu`las sa ahcfahma l` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl, y 0> saguhmjs maspuæs ma qua l` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl sa `p`g`. Al tfakpj ma cjkdustfóh ma l` làkp`r` ma pruad` `ukaht` ` takpar`tur`s kàs d`o`s y mfskfhuya ` kamfm` qua `ukaht` l` takpar`tur`. 3. Sf 3. Sf sa `plfc` vjlt`oa ` ll`s `s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf`, ahtjhcas ahtjhcas al ralæ y al c`dla`mj sjh ccjrractjs. jrractjs. =. ^`r` =. ^`r`mal matact`r uh`llah`mj duoë` fhc`hmascahta maiactujs`, ratfra sfstak` ma l` tudarë`yma ma `fra ma y mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar cuallj ma ma `cafta.Mascjhacta al c`dla maal`lfkaht`cfóh prfhcfp`l al `mkfsfóh dus ma cjhaxfóh l`s duoë`s ma prac`laht`kfahtj. 1. Cjh 1. Cjh uh prjd`mjr (óbkatrj), cjkpruada l` fhtagrfm`m ma l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` cjkprjd`hmj l` rasfstahcf` ahtra al cjht`ctj ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` val` y al cuarpj ma l` val`. L` rasfstahcf` ma l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta as fhiarfjr ` 0 jbk5 Sf al prjd`mjr kuastr` `lt` rasfstahcf`, l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta astà maiactujs`. Aspacfifc`cfjhas Aspacfifc`cfj has tachfc`s
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. k. Duof`s ma fhc`hmasc fhc`hmascahcf` ahcf` Duof`s ma fhc`hmasc fhc`hmascahcf` ahcf`
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Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj @mvartahcf` Sf al sfstak` ma prac`laht`kfahtj `c`d` ma iuhcfjh`r j al kjtjr sa `p`g`, l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` ast`ràh kuy c`lfahtas. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sfstak` ma tudarë` ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra y mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma vahtfl`cfóh mal càrtar mal cuallj ma llah`mj ma `cafta. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) mal dus `ctu`l ` l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua al c`dla ma `lfkaht`cfóh astà cjhact`mj `l dus `ctu`l ah l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta mal cflfhmrj hÿkarj 4.
=. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, kuav` ` uh l`mj ljs tudjs y c`dlas p`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj ` ll`` duoë` fhc`hmascahta axt axtr`ëdla. r`ëdla. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta y ratëral` mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa c`m` duoë` fhc`hmascahta p`r` matact`r m`ðjs kacàhfcjs. L` r`zóh pjr l` cu`l l`s puht`s ma l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` sa quak`h j sa mastruyah puama sar uh k`l ma `tjkfz`cfóh ma cjkdustfdla pjr l` djqufll`. Sf axfsta t`l m`ðj, as hacas`rfj ravfs`r y, sf as hacas`rfj, raakpl`z`r ljs fhyactjras ma cbjrrj cjkdustfdla. cjkdustfd la. 4. Sf 4. Sf l`s duoë`s ma fhc`hmascahcf` hj tfahah m`ðjs kacàhfcjs, cjkpruada su rasfstahcf` alæctrfc`, qua mada sar fhiarfjr ` 0 jbk. 3. Al 3. Al rahmfkfahtj ma l`s duoë`s fhc`hmascahtas sa puama varfifc`r `plfcàhmjlas 04 vjltfjs. @l kfskj tfakpj, madah c`laht`rsa uhfijrkakahta y mur`hta al fhtarv`lj ma tfakpj raquarfmj. =. @l =. @l kfskj tfakpj, as hacas`rfj jdsarv`r prac`ucfjhas? prac`ucfjhas? - suoat`r uh` duoë` fhc`hmascahta cjh uh` pfhz` aspacf`l j pfhz`s5 - al cfrcuftj ma sukfhfstrj alæctrfcj ma l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta mada tahar uh iusfdla5 - Maspuæs ma cjkprjd`r l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta sa mada ahirf`r ah uhjs pjcjs kfhutjs. 1. Ah duah`s Ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas, l` duoë` fhc`hmascahta sa c`lfaht` b`st` ahrjoacar uh` puht` ma tr`d`oj ah 1 saguhmjs. Cjh k`yjr c`laht`kfahtj j c`laht`kfahtj ah l` p`rta kamf`, y hj `l ifh`l ma l` val`, l` val` astà maiactujs` y mada raakpl`z`rsa. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. @l 4. @l kfskj tfakpj, l` p`rta rjsc`m` ma l` val` mada ludrfc`rsa cjh uh` cjkpjsfcfóh `htf`mbarahta ` d`sa ma cjdra. Qhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma prac`laht`kfahtj prac`laht`kfahtj
Qdfc`cfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma prac`laht`kfahtj ah kjtjras cjh uh vjlukah ma 0,6 lftrjs. L` uhfm`m astà udfc`m` ah al l`mj mal`htarj fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr ah al l`mj ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas ah ljs kjtjras ma 0.6 lftrjs y ah l` suspahsfóh mad`oj mal sahsjr ma pjsfcfóh mal pam`l mal `calar`mjr ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjtjras ma 4.0 lftrjs, ratfra l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` uhfm`m, masahrjsqua l`s mjs tuarc`s, `iljoa al kjht`oa y ratfra al c`dla.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y ratfra al dljqua mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @cjpl`kfahtj Masvf`mjr ma akdr`gua bfmràulfcj ah kjtjras mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs lftrjs 0. Cflfhmrj k`astrj
4. Cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj 3. ]`hqua
Al akdr`gua cjhst` ma uh mfscj ma akdr`gua, uh` p`rta mal`htar` mal akdr`gua cjh l` pl`c` ma prasfóh y al kac`hfskj ma `p`g`mj.
Al kac`hfskj ma `p`g`mj as kacàhfcj y astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh c`dla `utjrragul`mjr. Ah vabëculjs cjh uh kjtjr ma 4.0 lftrjs, al akdr`gua as fkpuls`mj pjr uh sfstak` bfmràulfcj aspacf`l. Al mfscj mal akdr`gua sa fhst`l` ahtra al vjl`hta y l` pl`c` ma prasfóh mal akdr`gua y sa kuava ` lj l`rgj ma l`s astrë`s mal aoa prfk`rfj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Akdr`gua ma pljkj `tjrhfll`mj `l vjl`hta. Al p`r mur`hta al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr sa tr`hskfta masma al cfgüað`l ` tr`væs mal vjl`hta y al mfscj mal akdr`gua, qua sa suoat` ahtra al vjl`hta y l` pl`c` ma prasfóh, `l aoa prfk`rfj ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. ^`r` mascjhact`r al kjtjr ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, mada quft`r l` pl`c` ma prasfóh mal mfscj ma akdr`gua. Ljs `utjkóvflas ^augajt utflfz`h mjs kac`hfskjs ma lfdar`cfóh ma akdr`gua mfiarahtas. Al prfkarj as al tfpj b`dftu`l, mjhma al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh astà kjht`mj ah al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Al saguhmj tfpj, mjhma al rjm`kfahtj ma lfdar`cfóh as uh` p`rta fhtagr`l mal cjhouhtj k`astrj ma akdr`gua, sa fhst`l` ah `utjkóvflas cjh uh maspl`z`kfahtj ma 4.> lftrjs y tjmjs ljs kjtjras mfasal. Ah ljs vabëculjs cjh lfdar`cfóh ma akdr`gua cjhvahcfjh`l, al cjhtrjl mal akdr`gua sa ra`lfz` kamf`hta uh c`dla. Cu`hmj prasfjh` al pam`l mal akdr`gua, al c`dla sa ykuava l` bjrqufll` lfdar`cfóh akdr`gua sjdra al axtrakj suparfjr ma l` bjrqufll`. L` bjrqufll`, gfr`hmj, cjkprfka ljs rasjrtas ma prasfóh axtr`ayl`gfr` pl`c` ma prasfóhmamal mfscj malmal akdr`gua. Ah ljs `utjkóvflas cjh kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 4.> lftrjs y kjtjras mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, al c`dla mal akdr`gua `ctÿ` sjdra l` bjrqufll` ma lf dar`cfóh mal akdr`gua qua kuava al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh y `ctÿ` sjdra ljs rasjrtas udfc`mjs `lramamjr mal parëkatrj ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh. Ah
vabëculjs cjh
uh
kjtjr mfasal
ma
4.0
lftrjs,
al
pam`l
mal
akdr`gua
astà
cjhact`mj `l
cflfhmrj k`astrj mal
akdr`gua.
Al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal akdr`gua astà kjht`mj ah al k`kp`rj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, y al cflfhmrj ascl`vj astà kjht`mj ah l` c`o` mal akdr`gua. Al t`hqua ma ilufmj sa fhst`l` pjr sap`r`mj ah l` p`ram mfvfsjrf` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y sa cjhact` `l cflfhmrj k`astrj cjh uh` k`hguar`.
@l prasfjh` prasfjh`r r alprasfóh, pam`l mal akdr`gua, aall pfstóh sa kuava ah al cflfhmrj k`astrj y cj cjkprfka kprfka al ilufmj iluya ` tr`væs ma l` ma tudarë` b`st`mal al cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj. D`oj al pfstóh mal cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj sa kuava y `ccfjh` l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh malqua akdr`gua. L` bjrqufll` lfdar`cfóh akdr`gua kuava al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh, qua `ctÿ` sjdra al rasjrta mal cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh y ratr`a al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh mal mfscj mal akdr`gua. Al cflfhmrj k`astrj, al t`hqua y al cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj sjh uh` uhfm`m sall`m`. Asta sfstak` hj raqufara l` rapjsfcfóh ma ilufmj ah al t`hqua. Sf b`y iug`s ah al sfstak` ma cjhtrjl mal akdr`gua bfmràulfcj, sa mada raakpl`z`r tjm` l` uhfm`m. Ah tjmjs ljs vabëculjs, al cjhtrjl ma akdr`gua as `utjkàtfcj. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Akdr`gua sacj fhmfvfmu`l cjh c`dla j `ccfjh`kfahtj bfmràulfcj. Mfàkatrj mal mfscj ma akdr`gua Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh`? - 0.9 y 0.2 lftrjs. lftrjs .
4>> kk
- 4.> lftrjs
401 kk
Kjtjras mfasal
401 kk
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. k. Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal mfscj ma prahs`
4>
C`dla ma akdr`gua Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Ah 4. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr y gfra al dljquaj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas 6> ¾. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al p`hal fhiarfjr mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra y al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra. =. Ah =. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al c`dla ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ma l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y l` cudfart` mal c`dla ma l` suspahsfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh, mascjhacta al c`dla ma l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. 1. Ah 1. Ah al `utjkóvfl, ratfra al c`dla mal pam`l mal akdr`gua. 9. Ah 9. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al c`squfllj ma l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr y ratfra al c`dla, lfdaràhmjlj ma ljs sjpjrtas ma
kjht`oa y ljs clfps. clf ps. 7. Yarfifqua 7. Yarfifqua l` cjhmfcfóh mal c`dla mal akdr`gua pjr masg`sta u jtrjs maiactjs. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ahgr`sa 0. Ahgr`sa al c`dla mal akdr`gua y guëalj ` tr`væs ma l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al pam`l mal akdr`gua ah l` pjsfcfóh suparfjr. 3. Ifoa 3. Ifoa al axtrakj mal c`dla mal akdr`gua `l pam`l. =. Ah =. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, fhst`la al c`dla mal akdr`gua ah l` c`o` mal tr`hsaoa y l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua. Suoata al c`dla mal akdr`gua cjh clfps y clf ps ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 1. ^rasfjha 1. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal akdr`gua v`rf`s vacas p`r` qua al kac`hfskj ma cjhtrjl `utjkàtfcj mal akdr`gua sa cjljqua ah l` pjsfcfóh ma tr`d`oj y al akdr`gua iuhcfjha hjrk`lkahta. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs `htarfjrkahta ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al ifltrj ma `fra y cjhacta l` d`tarë`.
^am`l ma akdr`gua Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Ah 4. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr y gfra al dljquaj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas 6> ¾. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, masahrjsqua masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al p`hal fhiarfjr mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjtjras ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua, ratfra al c`dla mal akdr`gua mal pam`l. =. Ah =. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh lfdar`cfóh ma akdr`gua bfmràulfcj, ratfra l` ouht` ma rótul` mal akpuo`mjr mal cflfhmrj k`astrj mal pam`l. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla al parhj y l` tuarc` y ratfra al pam`l mal akdr`gua. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua ljs puhtjs ma pfvjta mal pam`l ma akdr`gua. 4. Fhsarta 4. Fhsarta al pam`l ah su lug`r y `sagÿralj cjh al parhj y l` tuarc`. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta al c`dla mal akdr`gua j al cflfhmrj prfhcfp`l `l pam`l. =. ^rasfjha =. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal akdr`gua v`rf`s vacas. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs `htarfjrkahta ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal y cjhacta l` d`tarë`
Cjhtrjl ma akdr`gua bfmràulfcj @mvartahcf` Ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` ma cjhtrjl mal akdr`gua bfmràulfcj (cflfhmrj k`astrj, cflfhmrj ascl`vj y k`hguar`s ma cjhaxfóh) sjh uh` sjl` uhfm`m y hj sa puamah sap`r`r. Al `ccasj `l cflfhmrj k`astrj as axtrak`m`kahta lfkft`mj. ^augajt racjkfahm` al usj ma uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l (>409O). Sa puama us`r uh` ll`va ma r`hur` cjh uh` r`hur` p`r` cjljc`rl` ah l` l ` k`hguar`. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. Ah 4. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr y gfra al dljquaj ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas 6> ¾. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, masahrjsqua masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al p`hal fhiarfjr mal l`mj mal ccjhmuctj jhmuctjr. r. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al ifltrj ma `fra y al cjhmuctj ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` rótul` mal akpuo`mjr mal cflfhmrj k`astrj mal pam`l mal akdr`gua. 1. Ah 1. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra al mapósftj mal cflfhmrj k`astrj mal akdr`gua mal k`kp`rj. 9. Cjh 9. Cjh uh` barr`kfaht` ^augajt aspacf`l j uh` ll`va ma t`p` cjh uh` r`hur` r`hur`m`, gfra al cflfhmrj k`astrj 6> ¾ ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo y ratëralj mal k`kp`rj. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al cflfhmrj ascl`vj (0) akpuoàhmjlj (4) y ah ast` pjsfcfóh gëralj 6> ¾ ah sahtfmj `htfbjr`rfj (3).
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l` k`hguar` bfmràulfc` ma ljs clfps ma ratahcfóh y ratfra tjmj al cjhouhtj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
@mvartahcf` Ah al huavj hjmj, al akpuo`mjr mal cflfhmrj mal `ctu`mjr astà cudfartj cjh uh` cudfart` ma plàstfcj qua sa rjkpa cu`hmj sa prasfjh` pjr prfkar` vaz al pam`l mal akdr`gua. Hj fhtahta quft`r ast` cudfart` `htas ma fhst`l`r al akpuo`mjr ah al pam`l, y` qua Mur`hta l` jpar`cfóh, al akpuo`mjr puama s`lfrsa mal zóc`lj mal pam`l. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^rasfjha 0. pam`l mal akdr`gua y k`htæhg`lj ah ast` pjsfcfóh. 4. Fhst`la 4. ^rasfjha Fhst`la alalcflfhmrj k`astrj mal akdr`gua, `lfha`hmj l` k`rc` dl`hc` ah al cflfhmrj cjh l` k`rc` dl`hc` cjrraspjhmfahta ah al k`kp`rj. Cjh uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l ^augajt, prasf jha y gfra al cflfhmrj 6> ¾ ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo b`st` qua quama ifrkakahta if rkakahta ifo`mj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al mapósftj mal cflfhmrj k`astrj ah al k`kp`rj. =. Ludrfqua =. Ludrfqua al axtrakj ma tr`d`oj mal akpuo`mjr mal cflfhmrj aoacutfvj cjh ludrfc`hta ` d`sa ma mfsuliurj ma kjlfdmahj a fhst`la al cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj ah su lug`r maslfzàhmjlj ah ast` pjsfcfóh gfràhmjlj 6> ¾ ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo. 1. @sagura 1. @sagura l` k`hguar` bfmràulfc` cjh sjpjrtas ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
9. Ludrfqua 9. Ludrfqua l` rótul` mal akpuo`mjr mal cflfhmrj k`astrj, luagj lav`hta al pam`l mal akdr`gua y cjhæctalj `l akpuo`mjr. 7. ^rasfjha 7. ^rasfjha laht`kahta al pam`l mal akdr`gua y lavàhtalj laht`kahta b`cf` `tràs k`hu`lkahta. Maspuæs ma 0> saguhmjs, rapft` ast` jpar`cfóh y varfifqua qua al pam`l vualv` ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l hjrk`lkahta. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la ljs alakahtjs alfkfh`mjs `htarfjrkahta ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. Akdr`gua ma pljkj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 4. K`rqua 4. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh mal akdr`gua k`astrj ah ral`cfóh cjh al vjl`hta cjh uh k`rc`mjr j pfhtur`. 3. Gr`mu`lkahta, 3. ah sacuahcf` mf`gjh`l, `iljoa ljs parhjs mal cjhouhtj k`astrj mal akdr`gua, gfr`hmj c`m` parhj kamf` vualt` b`st` qua al rasjrta sa Gr`mu`lkahta, matahg` y ljs parhjs sa puam`h mas`tjrhfll`r k`hu`lkahta. =. Cjh =. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra al cjhouhtj ma tr`hskfsfóh mal akdr`gua ma ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`, ratfra al mfscj mal akdr`gua. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r @mvartahcf`
As racjkahm`dla raakpl`z`r al mfscj mal akdr`gua, al ahs`kdla prfhcfp`l mal akdr`gua y al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh sf `l kahjs uhj ma alljs raqufara raakpl`zj. ^uama us`r uh lfkpf`mjr ma irahjs j `lcjbjl katëlfcj p`r` l`v`r l` uhfm`m ma tr`hskfsfóh y l` pl`c` ma akdr`gua. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma ljs mfscjs mal akdr`gua ah dusc` ma masg`sta, m`ðjs kacàhfcjs j cjht`kfh`cfóh cjh `cafta. 4. Ah 4. Ah prasahcf` ma astjs maiactjs, al mfscj ma akdr`gua mada sar raakpl`z`mj. 3. Sf 3. Sf ljs ijrrjs ma irfccfóh astàh ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas y hj astàh masg`st`mjs ah l`s r`hur`s, ljs rasjrtas mal `kjrtfgu`mjr `kjrtfgu`mjr as tàh dfah suoatjs y l`s ouht`s rak`cb`m`s rak`cb`m`s hj astàh sualt`s, al mfscj ma akd akdr`gua r`gua sa puama fhst`l`r ah al `utjk `utjkóvfl. óvfl. =. Sf =. Sf al mfscj mal akdr`gua astà cjht`kfh`mj cjh `cafta, cjkpruada al ratæh ma `cafta fzqufarmj ah al cfgüað`l j al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Sf as hacas`rfj, raakpl`ca l`s ouht`s tórfc`s `htas ma fhst`l`r uh huavj mfscj ma akdr`gua. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa al ahs`kdla ma l` pl`c` ma tr`hskfsfóh p`r` var sf b`y masg`sta ah l` pl`c` ma prasfóh, m`ðj kacàhfcj, cjhif`dflfm`m ma l` cjhaxfóh rak`cb`m`, m`ðj `l rasjrta mal akdr`gua mal mf`ir`gk`. Sf al rasjrta mal mf`ir`gk` astà masg`st`mj j m`ð`mj, j sf axfsta l` sjspacb` ma qua l` al`stfcfm`m mal rasjrta b` c`kdf`mj, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r al cjhouhtj ma l` pl`c` ma tr`hskfsfóh. 9. Yarfifqua 9. Yarfifqua l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh y al vjl`hta qua cjfhcfmah cjh ljs ijrrjs mal mfscj mal mal akdr`gua. Madah ast`r lfkpfjs, pl`hjs, hj tahar `r`ð`zjs y mas`rrjllj. Ah prasahcf` ma maijrk`cfjhas madfm`s ` `lt`s takpar`tur`s j grfat`s, æst`s madah sar raakpl`z`m`s.
7. Cjkpruada 7. Cjkpruada al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh, qua mada gfr`r cjh i`cflfm`m, uhfijrkfm`m y sflahcfj. L` suparifcfa ma tr`d`oj mal rjm`kfahtj qua `ctÿ` sjdra al rasjrta ma cjkprasfóh mada sar lfs`, sfh grfat`s, cjrrjsfóh ljc`l j mas`rrjllj. Sf astjs maiactjs astàh prasahtas, al rjm`kfahtj ma lfdar`cfóh mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Ah ljs hjmjs prfhcfp`las mal saguhmj tfpj ma akdr`gua as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r tjmj al cjhouhtj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al mfscj mal akdr`gua ma kjmj qua al cudj mal rasjrta quama b`cf` `iuar` mal vjl`hta. Al mfscj ma akdr`gua puama ast`r k`rc`mj p`r` fhmfc`r l` fhst`l`cfóh cjrract` mal mfscj ma akdr`gua.
4. Ast`dlazc` 4. Ast`dlazc` al humj prfhcfp`l ma `cjpl`kfahtj ah l`s atfquat`s bacb`s ah al ratfrj. @prfata k`hu`lkahta ljs parhjs ma ifo`cfóh mal akdr`gua. 3. Qtflfz`hmj 3. Qtflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl, cahtra al mfscj mal akdr`gua ma kjmj qua al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas p`sa ` tr`væs ma l`s r`hur`s ah al cahtrj mal mfscj mal akdr`gua. =. Al cahtr`mj Al cahtr`mj mal mfscj ma akdr`gua sa puama ra`lfz`r kamf`hta uh k`hmrfl aspacf`l j uh k`hmrfl ma i`drfc`cfóh prjpf` cuy`s mfkahsfjhas sa cjrraspjhm`h cjh al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
1. Ma k`har` uhfijrka k`har` uhfijrka y ah uh` sacuahcf` mf`gjh`l, `prfata ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l` p`rta mal`htar` mal akdr`gua. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oa ahgr`h`oas. s. Kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh ma c`dla, mascjhacta al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh y ratfra al cjofhata (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) mal aoa ma ahtr`m`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al p`s`mjr cflëhmrfcj y ratfra l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh huavj p`s`mjr cflëhmrfcj. =. Ah =. Ah `kdjs tfpjs ma akdr`gua, `prfata al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh y ratfra al duoa suparfjr mal aoa ma l` bjrqufll` ma akdr`gua.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al aoa mal k`hguftj fhiarfjr y axtràfg`lj ma l` c`o` mal akdr`gua.
9. Masahrjsqua 9. Masahrjsqua al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh y ratfra al k`hguftj fhiarfjr ma l` c`o` mal akdr`gua.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa al kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y raakpl`ca l`s pfaz`s masg`st`m`s sf as hacas`rfj. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh, qua mada gfr`r cjh i`cflfm`m, uhfijrkfm`m y sflahcfj. 3. L` 3. L` suparifcfa ma tr`d`oj mal cjofhata qua `ctÿ` sjdra al rasjrta ma cjkprasfóh mada sar lfs`, sfh grfat`s, cjrrjsfóh ljc`l j mas`rrjllj. Sf astjs maiactjs astàh prasahtas, al rjm`kfahtj ma lfdar`cfóh mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Ah ljs hjmjs prfhcfp`las mal saguhmj tfpj ma akdr`gua as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r tjmj al cjhouhtj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua tjmjs ljs puhtjs ma pfvjta mal aoa y l` suparifcfa ma cjht`ctj ma l` bjrqufll` ma akdr`gua cjh ludrfc`hta ` d`sa ma mfsuliurj ma kjlfdmahj. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr mal akdr`gua. Fhsarta al aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y al duoa supar suparfjr fjr y `sagÿra `sagÿraljs ljs cjh `hflljs ma ratahcfóh. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ah al aoa, `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ah al aoa y l` p`l`hc` a fhsarta uh huavj p`s`mjr cflëhmrfcj. Fhst`la al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ah al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y cjhæctalj ` l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oa ahgr`h`oas. s. C`o`s ma c`kdfjs L` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas astà udfc`m` ah uh càrtar ma `la`cfóh ma `lukfhfj y astà uhfm` `l axtrakj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. Sa cjkpjha ma uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs, ahgr`h`oa prfhcfp`l y mfiarahcf`l. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, axcaptj al kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, sa fhst`l` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3, y ah al kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, sa fhst`l` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1]. @kdjs tfpjs ma c`o` ma c`kdfjs sjh sfkfl`ras y iuhcfjh`h ma l` sfgufahta k`har`.
Al p`r mal cfgüað`l mal kjtjr sakjht`mj tr`hskftasjdra ` tr`væs mal akdr`gua `l aoa ma ahtr`m` masa l` tr`hskfta c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah al quacuyj astàaxtrakj fhst`l`mjmaracbj al mfscjastà mal akdr`gua. Al aoa prfk`rfj astà rjm`kfahtjs ma djl`s. @makàs, al p`r `l aoa sacuhm`rfj, kjht`mj ah uh rjm`kfahtj ma rjmflljs, y al axtrakj fzqufarmj ah uh rjm`kfahtj ma djl`s. Masma al aoa ma s`lfm`, al p`r sa tr`hskfta `l mfiarahcf`l y ` ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ah l` pjsfcfóh hautr`l, al aoa ma ahtr`m` y ljs pfðjhas gfr`h lfdrakahta y hj tr`hskftah al p`r `l mfiarahcf`l. Al kac`hfskj ma c`kdfj sa `ctfv` kamf`hta uh` p`l`hc` udfc`m` ah al pfsj mal vabëculj qua us` uh` d`rr` ma c`kdfj ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3 j uh c`dla ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1]. Al kac`hfskj ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas kuava al t`póh cjrraspjhmfahta, qua kuava al sfhcrjhfz`mjr y prjpjrcfjh` uh` cjhaxfóh rëgfm` mal aoa mal pfðóh mal pfðóh `l aoa ma s`lfm`. ]r`hskfsfóh ]r`hskfsfó h k`hu`l L` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas astà udfc`m` ah uh càrtar ma `la`cfóh ma `lukfhfj y astà uhfm` `l axtrakj fzqufarmj mal kjtjr. Sa cjkpjha ma uh` c`o` ma c`kdfjs, ahgr`h`oa prfhcfp`l y mfiarahcf`l. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, axcaptj al kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, sa fhst`l` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3, y ah al kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs, sa fhst`l` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1]. @kdjs tfpjs ma c`o` ma c`kdfjs sjh sfkfl`ras y iuhcfjh`h ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. Al p`r mal cfgüað`l mal kjtjr sa tr`hskfta ` tr`væs mal akdr`gua `l aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah al qua astà fhst`l`mj al mfscj mal akdr`gua. Al aoa prfk`rfj astà kjht`mj sjdra rjm`kfahtjs ma djl`s. @makàs, al p`r sa tr`hskfta `l aoa sacuhm`rfj, cuyj axtrakj maracbj astà kjht`mj ah uh rjm`kfahtj ma rjmflljs, y al axtrakj fzqufarmj ah uh rjm`kfahtj ma djl`s. Masma al aoa ma s`lfm`,
al p`r sa tr`hskfta `l mfiarahcf`l y ` ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ah l` pjsfcfóh hautr`l, al aoa ma ahtr`m` y ljs pfðjhas gfr`h lfdrakahta y hj tr`hskftah al p`r `l mfiarahcf`l. Al kac`hfskj ma c`kdfj sa `ctfv` kamf`hta uh` p`l`hc` udfc`m` ah al pfsj mal vabëculj qua us` uh` d`rr` ma c`kdfj ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3 j uh c`dla ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1]. Al kac`hfskj ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas kuava al t`póh cjrraspjhmfahta, qua kuava al sfhcrjhfz`mjr y prjpjrcfjh` uh` cjhaxfóh rëgfm` mal aoa mal pfðóh mal pfðóh `l aoa ma s`lfm` Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` ]fpj
C`o` ma c`kdfjs cjh cfhcj k`rcb`s b`cf` `mal`hta `mal`hta sfhcrjhfz`m sfhcrjhfz`m`s `s y k`rcb` `tràs.
Masfgh`cfóh? - ]jmjs ljs kjmaljs, axcaptj al kjtjr mfæsal ma 4,0 lftrjs. - Kjtjr mfasal ma 4.0 lftrjs. lftrjs .
DA3 KL1]
Ludrfc`cfjh L` c`htfm`m ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H · k. k.
0.6 lftrjs (`l raakpl`z`r 0.2 lftrjs)
C`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3 DA3 Y`rfll` ma c`kdfj ` p`l`hc` ma parhj ma pfvjta
01
Dfs`gr`` parhj ` dr`zj ma asqufh` Dfs`gr
42
Tallahj ma cjrcbj y hfval ma `cafta.
4>
]`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta
3>
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh mal t`póh ma mfraccfóh mal rjm`kfahtj vyzbfkhy ]jrhfllj
04
Fhtarruptjr ma luz ma k`rcb` `tràs
41
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh mal rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj. ]jrhfllj
0>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` c`o` mal cjofhata mal aoa ma iuarz`
1>
Sjpjrta fhiarfjr
21
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` `lkjb`m` ma gjk`
3>
- Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` crak`llar` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh
9>
- tuarc` cahtr`l
91
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh `l kjtjr
=1
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh mal c`dla mal ahg`hcba
02
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
C`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1] KL1] Tallahj ma cjrcbj y hfval ma `cafta.
4>
]`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta
3>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` c`o` ma l` p`l`hc`
7
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh mal t`póh ma mfraccfóh mal rjm`kfahtj vyzbfkhy ]jrhfllj
04
Fhtarruptjr ma luz ma k`rcb` `tràs
41
]jrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh mal rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj. ]jrhfllj
0>
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` c`o` mal cjofhata mal aoa ma iuarz`
1>
^arhjs ma `pjyj fhiarfj fhiarfjras ras
21
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - parhjs ma kjht`oa ma suspahsfóh
3>
- ljs tjrhflljs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` suspahsfóh ` l` tr`hskfsfóh
3>
- tuarc` cahtr`l
91
Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh `l kjtjr ]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj C`kdfj ma `cafta ma c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas
9> 6>
Al mrah`oa mal `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas sarà kàs ràpfmj y kàs aifcfahta sf ast` jpar`cfóh sa llav` ` c`dj maspuæs ma qua al kjtjr sa b`y` c`laht`mj ` l` takpar`tur` ma jpar`cfóh y sa ra`lfca uh` pruad` ma k`haoj p`r` c`laht`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta al `utjkóvfl ah uh alav`mjr j cjlóqualj sjdra uh pjzj ma jdsarv`cfóh. 4. Ah 4. ljs vabëculjs l` c`o``lma c`kdfjs DA3, ratfra l` ruam` mal`htar` fzqufarm`,ratfra masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratframal l` kjtjr. prjtaccfóh mal `rcj ma Ah l` ruam` mad`oj aqufp`mjs mal `l` p`r`cjh `ccamar t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj 3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa al àra` `lramamjr mal t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta. Ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3, al t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta as al parhj kàs gr`hma ahtra ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma l` cudfart` mal axtrakj ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1], al t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` c`o` mal mfiarahcf`l. Mas`tjrhflla al t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. =. Cjljqua =. Cjljqua uh racfpfahta `prjpf`mj mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta udfc`mj ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y masahrjsqua al t`póh.
1. Y`cf`r 1. Y`cf`r cjkplat`kahta al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Lfkpfa al t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta y al t`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta ma p`rtëcul`s katàlfc`s y raakpl`ca l`s `r`hma `r`hmal`s l`s ma sall`mj. 9. @tjrhflla 9. @tjrhflla al t`póh ma mrah`oa ma `cafta y `prfætalj cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. 7. Llaha 7. Llaha al `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas b`st` al hfval mal djrma fhiarfjr mal jrfifcfj ma llah`mj ma `cafta. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` ^`r` llah`r cjrract`kahta l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs al c`rrj mada ast`r ah pjsfcfóh bjrfzjht`l. 2. Ahrjsqua 2. Ahrjsqua al t`póh ma llah`mj ma `cafta, fhst`la l` ruam` y ra`lfca uh racjrrfmj cjrtj. Yualv` ` ravfs`r al hfval ma `cafta. 6. Sf 6. Sf as hacas`rfj, cjrrfo` al hfval ma `cafta, fhst`la uh` huav` `r`hmal` ma sall`mj ah al t`póh, vualv` ` `tjrhfll`r al t`póh ah su lug`r y `prfætalj cjh al p`r raquarfmj. Fhst`la l` prjtaccfóh mal p`sj ma ruam` y l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s mal kjtjr.
Cjhtrjl ma c`kdfjs (]r`hskfsfóh DA3) Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al sfstak` ma asc`pa y l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc`. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y ratfra al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` qua suoat` l` v`rfll` ma c`kdfj ` l` d`sa ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs. =. Cjh =. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra l`s `r`hmal`s ma sagurfm`m qua suoat`h l`s tras v`rfll`s ma cjhaxfóh (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) ` l` rótul` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Mascjhacta l` v`rfll` ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas mal puhtj ma pfvjta ma l` p`l`hc` ma àhgulj y ratëral` ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl.
1. Cjh 1. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, sap`ra l` c`daz` ma plàstfcj mal parhj qua suoat` l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas cjh l` p`l`hc` ma àhgulj y al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj cjh dfs`gr`s ma l` suoacfóh ma l` p`l`hc` `hgul`r y ratfra l` p`l`hc` `hgul`r y al tfrj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl.
7. Fhspaccfjha 7. Fhspaccfjha tjmjs ljs `rtëculjs ah dusc` ma masg`sta j m`ðjs. Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla l`s cjhtr`tuarc`s ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs y lav`hta l` pl`c` ma kjht`oa. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` fhiarfjr ma l` d`sa ma l` p`l`hc`, luagj ratfra l` pl`c` ma kjht`oa ma l` p`l`hc` y ratfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` suparfjr ma l` p`l`hc` p`r` `ccamar ` l` rótul` mal puhtj ma gfrj ma l` p`l`hc`. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - ludrfqua tjm`s l`s ouht`s kóvflas cjh ludrfc`hta ` d`sa ma mfsuliurj ma kjlfdmahj5 - cjkpruada qua tjm`s l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ma gjk` ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs astæh cjljc`m`s5 - Fhst`la ascumjs tærkfcjs y sfstak` ma asc`pa. C`dla ma c`kdfj (c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1])
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 3. Ah 3. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra l`s mjs ouht`s asiærfc`s (@) mal c`dla ma l`s p`l`hc`s ma salaccfóh ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas cjh l` p`l`hc`. Tatfra ljs mjs sjpjrtas (D) qua suoat`h l` iuhm` mal c`dla ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
=. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sfstak` ma asc`pa y ljs ascumjs tærkfcjs. 9. Ah 9. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal p`s`oarj, ratfra l` ouht` ma fhsjhjrfz`cfóh y mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l` cudfart` ma l` p`l`hc` `l pfsj. Mascjhacta ljs sjpjrtas ma suoacfóh ma c`dlas y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` p`l`hc` cjh ljs c`dlas ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufaht sfgufahtas as puhtjs? - cjkpruada qua l` d`hm` ma `fsl`kfahtj `cÿstfcj astà cjljc`m` cjrract`kahta5 - cjkpruada l` fhst`l`cfóh ma ljs c`dlas ah l` p`l`hc` salactjr`? l` rótul` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 03 kk astà cjhact`m` ` l` p`l`hc` suparfjr y l` rótul` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 0> kk cjh l` p`l`hc` l`tar`l5 - Fhst`la prjtactjras tærkfcjs, sfstak` ma asc`pa, c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y cjhsjl` cahtr`l. Taakpl`zj ma l` ouht` tórfc` AOA MA ]T@HSKFSFJH MA J-TFHG TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta y l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s mal kjtjr. 4. Y`cf`r 4. Y`cf`r al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs l js kjmaljs aqufp`mjs cjh @DS, ratfra al sahsjr udfc`mj ah l` suspahsfóh.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ` uh` h`va y ratfra l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr. Ouht` tórfc` maracb` maracb` 1. @iljoa 1. @iljoa l`s mjs tuarc`s ma ljs parhjs ma ljs cjofhatas fhtarkamfjs, luagj gëraljs 6> ¾ p`r` qua sus c`daz`s quamah maspl`z`m`s mal `hfllj axtarfjr ma ljs cjofhatas. cjofhatas. 9. Axtr`fg` 9. Axtr`fg` al cudj ma l` ruam` mal`htar` mal vabëculj, axtahmfahmj al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj ma l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa. 7. Cu`hmj 7. Cu`hmj sa ratfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal mfiarahcf`l, ratfra al sallj ` pruad` ma pjlvj mal fhtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh, `hjt`hmj móhma astà fhst`l`mj, y sjstahg` al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh p`r` hj m`ð`r l` ouht` ma valjcfm`m fgu`l j l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` dfs`gr`. 2. Cjh 2. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma, ratfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal mfiarahcf`l.
6. Lfkpfa 6. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, luagj llaha al rad`oa ahtra ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj cjh ludrfc`hta. Tafhst`la l` huav` ouht` tórfc` utflfz`hmj al k`hmrfl tudul`r `prjpf`mj.
0>. 0>. Sf Sf al `hfllj ma sall`mj astà prjvfstj ma uh` iuhm` prjtactjr` ma plàstfcj, fhstàlalj t`kdfæh `htas ma fhst`l`r al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh.
00. 00. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh, ludrfqua cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma ludrfc`hta ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la al sallj cjhtr` al pjlvj ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 03. 03. @lfhaa @lfhaa l`s r`hur`s fhtarh` fhtarh`ss mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh ljs ahgr`h`oas sakf`xf`las sakf`xf`las mal mfiarahcf`l mfiarahcf`l p`r` hj m`ð`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj, luagj `l `lfhaa fhaa al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj cjh l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa a fhst`la al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ma ijrk` park`hahta.
0=. 0=. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj astæ fhst`l`mj cjrract`kahta, luagj gfra ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh 6> ¾ b`cf` `tràs p`r` qua sus c`daz`s astæh cjhtr` al `hfllj axtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj, y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ma suoacfóh cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. 01. 01. Cjhacta Cjhacta l` ouht` ma rótul` fhiarfjr `l dr`zj fhiarfjr. Fhst`la l` huav` tuarc` ma rótul` y `prfætal` `l p`r raquarfmj. 09. 09. Fhst`la Fhst`la al sahsjr ma @DS. 07. 07. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` ruam` y al prjtactjr cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s. D`oa al cjcba `l sualj. 02. 02. @gragua @gragua `cafta ` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l hfval masa`mj. @hfllj ma sall`mj fzqufarmj fzqufarmj 06. 06. Tatfra Tatfra al duoa fzqufarmj mal `utjkóvfl y ratfra al axtrakj fhtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal mfiarahcf`l, tahfahmj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Sjstahg` al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh p`r` hj m`ð`r l` dfs`gr` ma fgu`l valjcfm`m `hgul`r j l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` dfs`gr`. C`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3 DA3 4>. 4>. Cjh Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma, ratfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal mfiarahcf`l. 44. 44. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta al `sfahtj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj, luagj llaha al rad`oa ahtra ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal huavj `hfllj ma sall`mj cjh `rrfd` ). Sf al `hfllj ma sall`mj astà prjvfstj ma uh` ludrfc`hta. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l` huav` ouht` tórfc` utflfz`hmj al k`hmrfl tudul`r `prjpf`mj (var `rrfd` iuhm` prjtactjr` ma plàstfcj, fhstàlalj t`kdfæh `htas ma fhst`l`r al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 43. 43. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh, ludrfqua cjh uh` ifh` c`p` ma ludrfc`hta ljs djrmas ma tr`d`oj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj y l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. C`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1] KL1] 4=. 4=. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla al parhj cjh l` pl`c` ma kjht`oa mal cjofhata mal mfiarahcf`l y ratfra al `hfllj ma sall`mj ma l` pl`c` cjh l` p`l`hc`. Tatfra t`kdfæh l` ouht` tórfc`. tórfc`. Lfkp Lfkpfa fa l` pl`c` y rallaha rallaha aall asp`cfj ah ahtra tra ljs djrma djrmass ma tr`d`oj ma mall huavj ``hfllj hfllj ma sa sall`mj ll`mj cjh lud ludrfc`hta. rfc`hta. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` huav` huav` ouht` tórfc` tórfc`
utflfz`hmj al k`hmrfl tudul`r `prjpf`mj. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` a fhst`la l` pl`c` ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 41. 41. @lfhaa @lfhaa l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh l`s r`hur`s mal pfðóh ma kamfj aoa mal mfiarahcf`l a fhsarta al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah su lug`r p`r` hj m`ð`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj. 49. 49. Cjhacta l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul` fhiarfjr `l dr`zj fhiarfjr. Fhst`la l` huav` tuarc` ma rótul` y `prfætal` `l p`r raquarfmj. Fhst`la al sahsjr ma @DS. Fhst`la l` ruam` y al gu`rm`d`rrjs. D`oa al cjcba `l sualj. @gragua `cafta ` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l hfval masa`mj. AOA ^TFK@TFJ MA J-TFHG JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa mal k`hguftj guë` mal cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs DA3 (ljs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa astàh fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm` f zqufarm`)) j mjs tjrhflljs ma kjht`o kjht`oaa ma l` cc`o` `o` ma c`kdfjs KL1] (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`) y ratfra al k`hguftj mal aoa ma ahtr`m` cjh l` ouht` tórfc` j ouht` . 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` ma l` guë` mal k`hguftj ma lfdar`cfóh.
=. Tavfsa =. Tavfsa l` suparifcfa mal aoa ma ahtr`m` ah cjht`ctj cjh al `hfllj ma sall`mj p`r` matact`r l` prasahcf` ma axc`v`cfjhas, masg`stas, r`y`mur`s u jtrjs m`ðjs qua puam`h b`dar c`us`mj al i`llj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. Sf b`y maiactjs kahjras, sa puamah pulfr, parj ljs maiactjs kàs gr`vas raquarfràh l`
sustftucfóh mal aoa ma ahtr`m`. 1. D`oa 1. D`oa l` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah al `cafta lfkpfj a fhstàlal` ah al k`hguftj guë`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` j ouht` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal k`hguftj guë`. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l` k`hg`. @tjrhflla ljs parhjs y `prfætaljs `l p`r raquarfmj.
7. Fhspaccfjha 7. Fhspaccfjha al akdr`gua y rafhst`la l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. SALACCFÓH MAL AHGT@H@OA MAL @HFLLJ MA OQH]@ (C@O@ MA C@KDFJS DA3 ) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ` ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` fzqufarm` y l` prjtaccfóh ma mad`oj mal `l`. 4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma cjkj p`l`hc`, mascjhacta l` rótul` ma l` v`rfll` ma `cjpl`kfahtj mal aoa ma salaccfóh ma ahgr`h`oas.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra al sallj mal aoa ma salaccfóh ma ahgr`h`oas ma l` c`rc`s`. =. Tavfsa =. Tavfsa l` suparifcfa mal aoa ma c`kdfj ma k`rcb`s ah cjht`ctj cjh al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah dusc` ma cu`lqufar gahar`cfóh, r`y`mur`, `r`ð`zjs u jtrjs m`ðjs qua puam`h b`dar c`us`mj al i`llj mal `hfllj ma sall`mj. Sf b`y maiactjs kahjras, sa puamah pulfr, parj ljs maiactjs kàs gr`vas raquarfràh al raakpl`zj mal aoa ma salaccfóh ma ahgr`h`oas. 1. Ludrfqua 1. Ludrfqua ljs djrmas axtarfjras ma l` huav` ouht` tórfc` y vualv` ` cjljc`rl` kjvfæhmjl` ` lj l`rgj mal aoa ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas b`st` qua sa matahg`. 9. Cjhacta 9. Cjhacta l` v`rfll` ma `cjpl`kfaht `cjpl`kfahtj j `l aoa ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la l` prjtaccfóh mal `rcj ma l` ruam`, l` ruam` y d`oa al `utjkóvfl. Fhtarruptjr ma luz ma k`rcb` `tràs Cjkprjd`r
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` 0. L` luz ma k`rcb` `tràs sa ahcfahma kamf`hta uh fhtarruptjr ma tfpj ækdjlj qua sa ahrjsc` ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Sf l` luz ma k`rcb` `tràs hj sa ahcfahma, prfkarj varfifqua l` fhtagrfm`m mal iusfdla. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` prjd`r al fhtarruptj fhtarruptjr, r, ratfra l` c`o` mal ifltrj ma `fra y mascjha mascjhacta cta al ccjhactjr jhactjr alæctr alæctrfcj fcj mal fhtarrupt fhtarruptjr. jr. Qs`hmj uh vjltëkat vjltëkatrj, rj, varfifqua l` rasfstahcf` ahtra ljs cjht`ctjs mal fhtarruptjr cjh l` k`rcb` `tràs puast`. L` rasfstahcf` mada sar carj. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, al fhtarruptjr mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra.
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta uh ahcbuia alæctrfcj mal fhtarruptjr (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`), luagj mas`tjrhflla al fhtarruptjr cjh uh` `r`hmal` ma sall`mj ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Fhst`la uh` huav` `r`hmal` ma sall`mj ah al fhtarruptjr, `tjrhflla al fhtarruptjr ah l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y varfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal fhtarruptjr. Fhst`la l`s pfaz`s pravf`kahta rakjvfm`s. Sahsjr ma valjcfm`m mal valjcëkatrj Sahsjr ma l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj kjht`mj ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs KL1]
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. Al sahsjr ma fkpulsfóh mal valjcëkatrj astà udfc`mj ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, carc` mal axtrakj fhtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh maracbj. Mapahmfahmj mal kjmalj, al valjcëkatrj puama sar `ccfjh`mj pjr uh c`dla j alæctrfc`kahta.
4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh` uhfm`m ma c`dla mal valjcëkatrj, ratfra al p`s`mjr y ratfra al c`dla ma l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma valjcëkatrj alæctrfcj, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctr alæctrfcj. fcj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa cjh l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` (cu`hmj cjrraspjhm`).
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al sahsjr mal `ctu`mjr mal valjcëkatrj j al cjhouhtj mal ahgr`h`oa mal `ctu`mjr mal valjcëkatrj ma l` c`o` mal tr`hsaoa ouhtj cjh l` ouht` tórfc`.
1. Sf 1. Sf as hacas`rfj, sa puama quft`r al ahgr`h`oa ma l` c`rc`s` y luagj sa puama raakpl`z`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`rc`s`. Tavfsa al ahgr`h`oa pjr masg`sta y raakplàcalj sf as hacas`rfj. 9. Sf 9. Sf al ahgr`h`oa fkpuls`mj astà masg`st`mj j m`ð`mj, as hacas`rfj ax`kfh`r al ahgr`h`oa fkpulsjr ah al `ljo`kfahtj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
7. ^`r` 7. ^`r` axtr`ar uh` ruam` maht`m` mal`htar` tr`hskfsfóh ma uhma uh` valjcëkatrj ah l` tr`hskfsfóh Д3, ratfra al aoama mauh` tr`hskfsfóh maracbj tr`hskfsfóh. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tras tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa.
2. Luagj 2. Luagj ratfra l` c`o` mal `ctu`mjr mal valjcëkatrj cjh l` ouht` tórfc`. Tatfra al pfðóh mal mfiarahcf`l ouhtj cjh l`s c`lz`s.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ast`dlazc` 0. Ast`dlazc` al `ousta ma tahmfmj ah al mfiarahcf`l, luagj uh` ruam` maht`m` mal`htar` ma uh v`rf`mjr ma valjcfm`m, cjkdfh`hmj `së ljs radjrmas ma `ousta (astàh aspacfifc`mjs pjr ilacb`s). Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` c`rc`s` c `rc`s` ma l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj, luagj vualv` ` fhst`l`r l` c`rc`s` y `tjrhëllal`. Fhst`la al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh.
4. Ludrfqua 4. Ludrfqua al djrma ma sall`mj y al aoa ma s`lfm` mal pfðóh a fhst`la al ahgr`h`oa ah al `ljo`kfahtj mal valjcëkatrj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah l` c`rc`s` ma l` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj. Fhst`la al cjhouhtj ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la uh prjtactjr ma c`ljr y `sagÿralj cjh uh parhj. 1. Ah 1. Ah ljs kjmaljs ma valjcëkatrj alæctrfcj, cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh valjcëkatrj c`dla`mj, cjhacta al c`dla ma tr`hskfsfóh mal valjcëkatrj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` prjtaccfóh cjhtr` s`lpfc`mur`s mad`oj mal kjtjr y d`oa al `utjkóvfl. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfóh DA3
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s y ratfra l` prjtaccfóh ma l`s `l`s. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. 3. Y`cëa 3. Y`cëa al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y vualv` ` cjljc`r al t`póh y mraha ljs t`pjhas ma `cafta. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra `kdjs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh.
1. Masma 1. Masma mad`oj mal vabëculj, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal sjpjrta `l `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh y al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr. Maslfca al sjpjrta b`cf` uh l`mj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma `mkfsfóh. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al c`dla mal `calar`mjr mal cuarpj mal `calar`mjr j l` djkd` ma cjkdustfdla ma `lt` prasfóh. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ouhtj cjh al fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma k`rcb` `tràs, al sahsjr ma k`rcb` mal valjcëkatrj y al dus ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr`. 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra ma ljs clfps y kuav` b`cf` uh l`mj al k`zj ma c`dlas ma l` làkp`r` fhmfc`mjr` ma masg`sta mal irahj y al sfstak` @DS. 0>. 0>. Qs`hmj Qs`hmj l` cucbfll` mal mastjrhfll`mjr cjkj p`l`hc`, mascjhacta l`s tras v`rfll`s mal kac`hfskj ma salaccfóh ma ahgr`h`oas ma l`s ouht`s ma rótul` cjrraspjhmfahtas ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla, l` suspahsfóh y al sahsjr ma T^K / ]MC. 04. 04. Kuav` Kuav` b`cf` al l`mj mal `cjhmfcfjh`mjr ma tudarë`s y l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm`. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. 0=. 0=. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh s uoacfóh ma uh `rr`hc`mjr y kuav` uh `rr `hc`mjr ` uh l`mj, sfh mascjhact`r mascjhact`r ljs c`dlas.
01. 01. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla uh parhj y ratfra l` suspahsfóh mal c`dla mal akdr`gua. 09. 09. Ah Ah l`alæctrfcj. uhfm`m mal c`dla mal valjcëkatrj, ratfraalalsahsjr p`s`mjr ratfra al c`dla mal sahsjr ouhtj ma l` cjh uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj. astà prasahta, mascjhacta cjhactjr Mas`tjrhflla al parhj y ratfra ma yvaljcfm`m mal valjcëkatrj al prjtactjr ma c`ljr.SfMas`tjrhflla ljs tras parhjs al ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` c`o` mal sahsjr mal `ctu`mjr mal valjcëkatrj ouhtj cjh l` ouht` tórfc` ma l` c`o` mal tr`hsaoa. 07. 07. Qs`hmj Qs`hmj uh c`drast`hta, lav`hta al l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` p`r` qua al pasj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` sa parcfd` sjlj ah al c`drast`hta. 02. 02. Cjljqua Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y lavàhtalj p`r` qua al pasj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas sa parcfd` cjkj uh g`tj. 06. 06. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` cahtr`l mal sjpjrta fzqufarmj ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y ratfra l` `lkjb`mfll` ma gjk` ma l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa.
4>. 4>. Ah Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua, ratfra al p`s`mjr j masahrjsqua al parhj ma suoacfóh.
40. 40. Tatfra Tatfra l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua.Mascjhacta al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua.
44. 44. K`rqua K`rqua l`s k`rc`s ` tr`væs mal cahtrj mal aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua y k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh mal aoa cjh raspactj ` l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas (l`s k`rc`s sa fhmfc`h cjh ilacb`s).
43. 43. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra l` pl`c` prjtactjr` fhiarfjr mal vjl`hta. 4=. 4=. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh ` l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal dljqua ma cflfhmrjs. 41. 41. @pjy`hmj @pjy`hmj al g`tj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs rast`htas ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l kjtjr. 49. 49. Cjhacta Cjhacta l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` y kuav` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah al g`tj mal kjtjr. D`oa l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs mad`oj mal cjcba. 47. 47. B`g` B`g` uh` saguhm` k`rc` qua fhmfqua l` pjsfcfóh mal aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua ah ral`cfóh cjh l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas maspuæs ma ratfr`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, jdsarv`hmj al àhgulj ah qua l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua b` gfr`mj. Cjkdfh`cfóh ma l` saguhm` k`rc` ah al aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua cjh l` k`rc` ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `htas ma fhst`l`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ah su lug`r
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - Taakpl`ca l`s ouht`s tórfc`s ma ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh5 - Cjkpruada qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh ah su lug`r5 - @lfhaa l` k`rc` ah al aoa ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua cjh l` saguhm` k`rc` ah l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, qua sa `plfcó `l ratfr`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ma suspahsfóh fzqufarmj cjh uh mas`tjrhfll`mjr `htf-parhjs5 - @prfata tjmjs ljs parhjs y tuarc`s `l p`r raquarfm raquarfmj5 j5
- fhst`l`r ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh5 - Tatfr`r al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. ]r`hskfsfóh k`hu`l KL1] ]r`hskfsfóh Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s y prjtactjras ma `rcj ma ruam`. 3. Mraha 3. Mraha al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, `tjrhflla ljs t`pjhas ma mrah`oa y ma llah`mj `l tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra `kdjs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh.
1. Mad`oj 1. Mad`oj ma l` c`dfh`, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs qua suoat`h al `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh `l sjpjrta mal kjtjr y `l d`stfmjr fhiarfjr. Kuav` l` suspahsfóh ` uh l`mj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma `mkfsfóh. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al cflfhmrj ascl`vj mal akdr`gua akpuoàhmjlj b`cf` `mahtrj y gfràhmjlj 6> ¾ ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo ah ast` pjsfcfóh. Tatfra al cflfhmrj ascl`vj cjh al akpuo`m akpuo`mjr. jr.
2. Qs`hmj 2. Qs`hmj uh` d`hm` alàstfc`, ifoa uh akpuo`mjr ah al cflfhmrj. @pjy` al pam`l mal akdr`gua cjh uh dljqua ma k`mar`.
6. Cjh 6. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra l`s mjs ouht`s ma rótul` mal c`dla ma l`s p`l`hc`s ma salacc salaccfóh fóh ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Tatfra al c`dla ma ljs clfps clf ps ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 0>. 0>. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, ahgr`h`oas, cjkj al fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma k`rcb` `tràs, al sahsjr ma k`rcb` mal valjcëkatrj y al dus ma tfarr` (l` ilacb` fhmfc` móhma astà cjhact`mj al dus ma tfarr`). Mas`tjrhflla al parhj y ratfra al sahsjr ]MC ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas.
00. 00. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh s uoacfóh ma uh `rr`hc`mjr y kuav` uh `rr`hc`mjr `rr`hc `mjr ` uh l`mj, sfh mascjhact`r ljs c`dlas. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra al tudj ma `mkfsfóh ma `fra mal turdjcjkprasjr, udfc`mj ahtra al càrtar y l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs.
03. 03. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` pl`c` ma prjtaccfóh mal vjl`hta.
0=. 0=. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) mal tudj ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm`. Ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`, l` ilacb` kuastr` l` udfc`cfóh mal tjrhfllj ah al cuarpj. 01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra al k`rcj ma l`alsuspahsfóh mal`htar` fhiarfjr.ma pjtahcf` p`r` qua al pasj ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` sa parcfd` cjkj c`drast`hta. 09. 09. C`drast`hta C`drast`hta lav`hta l`mj fzqufarmj ma l` uhfm`m 07. 07. Cjljqua Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y lavàhtalj p`r` qua al pasj ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas sa parcfd` cjkj uh g`tj. 02. 02. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` cahtr`l (astà aspacfifc`m` pjr uh` ilacb`) ma l` suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra al cjoëh ma suspahsfóh ma gjk`.Mastjrhflla gjk`.Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y ratfra l` suspahsfóh.
06. 06. D`oa D`oa lfgar`kahta al g`tj p`r` sjstahar l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs y mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `l dljqua mal kjtjr. 4>. 4>. D`oa D`oa al kjtjr y al g`tj, kuav` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y ratëral` ma ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`. D`oa al g`tj ma sjpjrta mal ahgr`h`oa y ratfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ma mad`oj mal vabëculj. ^rap`r`hmj p`r` fhst`l`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. c`kdfjs. ^augajt >409A ma barr`kfaht` aspacf`l p`r` cjhact`r al rjm`kfahtj ma lfdar`cfóh `l mfscj ma prasfóh prasfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh mal akdr`gua y vualv` ` fhst`l`rlj ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `htas ma fhst`l`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ah su lug`r. Ah asta c`sj, al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh sa fhst`l` cjrract`kahta ah l` pl`c` ma prasfóh cu`hmj sa us`h barr`kfaht`s aspacf`las. 4. L` 4. L` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l ^augajt >409A p`r` fhst`l`r al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ah su lug`r cjhsfsta ah uh k`hgj ah ijrk` ma ], uh` ouht` uhfvars`l y uh` puht` aspacf`l. L` barr`kfaht` sa fhsart` ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj mal cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj ah l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh, ma k`har` qua l` p`rta ma tr`d`oj ma l` barr`kfaht` ahc`oa ah l` r`hur` ma l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua. Cu`hmj l` barr`kfaht` gfr` 6> ¾, al axtrakj ma tr`d`oj cfarr` ljs axtrakjs ma ljs sagurjs ah l`s r`hur`s ma l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua. L` axtrusfóh ma l` barr`kfaht` gfr` l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua a fhst`l` al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ah al dljquaj ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cjhouhtj mal akdr`gua. =. Cjh =. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh, `prat`hmj al `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh (0) mal fhtarfjr mal rasjrta mal mf`ir`gk` ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` pl`c` ma prasfóh, luagj fhst`la al `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh (0) ah l` r`hur` mal `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh (4).
9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al cjhouhtj ma akdr`gua. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ah al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y cjhæctalj ` l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua. Cjkpruada qua l` bjrqufll` ma lfdar`cfóh mal akdr`gua kuav` al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh ma k`har` lfgar` y su`va, y qua l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l` bjrqufll` astæh cjljc`m`s cjrract`kahta ah l`s jraoat`s ma ljs cjofhatas.
2. Cjkpruada 2. Cjkpruada qua l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l ^augajt ahc`o` ah l` r`hur` ma l` bjrqufll` mal akdr`gua y sa tr`da ah su lug`r `l gfr`r 6> ¾. Tatfra l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l. 6. Taakpl`ca 6. Taakpl`ca ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj mal cfgüað`l. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - varfifqua qua al cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh astæ cjrract`kahta fhst`l`mj ah al aoa ma ahtr`m` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas5 - Cjkpruada qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh ah su lug`r5 - maspuæs ma `tjrhfll`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l kjtjr, fhst`la l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l ^augajt, cjkj sa mascrfdfó `htarfjrkahta, o`la l` barr`kfaht` b`cf` ustam p`r` qua al `hfllj ma cjkprasfóh mal cjofhata ma lfdar`cfóh sa cjhacta ` l` pl`c` ma prasfóh mal akdr`gua - fhst`la al k`rcj ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` fhiarfjr5 - @prfata tjm`s l`s tuarc`s y tjrhflljs `l p`r raquarfmj5 - Cjljqua ah su lug`r al cflfhmrj ascl`vj mal akdr`gua, maspuæs ma b`dar ludrfc`mj al akpuo`mjr cjh ludrfc`hta ` d`sa ma mfsuliurj ma kjlfdmahj. Cjljqua al cflfhmrj ma tr`d`oj ah l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, prasfóhalj b`st` al tjpa y gëralj 6> ¾ ah al sahtfmj ma l`s `guo`s mal raljo. ^rasfjha laht`kahta al pam`l mal akdr`gua y lavàhtalj k`hu`lkahta. Maspuæs ma 0> saguhmjs, rapft` ast` jpar`cfóh. ^rasfjha huav`kahta al pam`l mal akdr`gua, suæltalj y varfifqua qua ragrasa ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l5 - fhst`la ljs c`dlas ma ijrk` qua l` ouht` asiærfc` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 03 kk astæ cjhact`m` cjh al dr`zj suparfjr y l` ouht` asiærfc` cjh uh mfàkatrj ma 0> kk cjh l` p`l`hc` l`tar`l5 - @ð`mfr `cafta ` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. c `kdfjs.
]r`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` Ljs kjmaljs cjh kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 4.> lftrjs puamah aqufp`rsa cjh uh` cjkput`mjr` qua cjhtrjl` uh` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` ma cu`trj valjcfm`mas qua cjhsfsta ah uh cjhvartfmjr ma p`r, uh ahgr`h`oa y uh akdr`gua y irahjs bfmràulfc`kahta cjhtrjl`mjs. L` c`o` ma c`kdfjs as cjhtrjl`m` pjr uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ), qua racfda sað`las ma v`rfjs sahsjras ral`cfjh`mjs cjh ljs kjmjs ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Sagÿh astjs m`tjs, l` ACQ puama ast`dlacar l`s valjcfm`mas óptfk`s mal vabëculj ma `cuarmj cjh al astflj ma cjhmuccfóh. Al p`r mal kjtjr ` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs sa tr`hskfta ` tr`væs ma uh cjhvartfmjr ma p`r, qua ra`lfz` l` iuhcfóh ma uh akdr`gua ma ilufmj y `ctÿ` cjkj uh akdr`gua `utjkàtfcj, t`kdfæh prjpjrcfjh` l` tr`hskfsfóh mal p`r mur`hta l` `calar`cfóh. Al ahgr`h`oa prjpjrcfjh` kjvfkfahtj b`cf` `mal`hta ah uhj ma ljs ahgr`h`oas j k`rcb` `tràs. cjkpjhahtas ma ljs ahgr`h`oas sa cjhtrjl`h kamf`hta irahjs y akdr`guas qua sa `ccfjh`h bfmràulfc`kahta. L` =djkd`, udfc`m` ah l` c`o` ma Ljs ahgr`h`oas, prjpjrcfjh` l` prasfóh bfmràulfc` hacas`rf` p`r` al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal irahj y al akdr`gua. L` c`o` ma c`kdfjs astà cjhtrjl`m` pjr uh` p`l`hc` salactjr` qua tfaha 7 pjsfcfjhas. L` pjsfcfóh "M" prjpjrcfjh` uh` salaccfóh `utjkàtfc` ma k`rcb`s ma = k`rcb`s b`cf` `mal`hta. Qh kac`hfskj ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas `utjkàtfcj c`kdf` l`s valjcfm`mas ` uh` k`rcb` kàs d`o` sf al pam`l mal `calar`mjr astà cjkplat`kahta prasfjh`mj. Asta kjmj mada us`rsa cu`hmj sa raqufara l` kàxfk` `calar`cfóh. Al c`kdfj mascahmahta as sfkfl`r ` jtr`s iuhcfjhas ma tr`hsiarahcf` y astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` ACQ. Sf l` l ` p`l`hc` salactjr` astà ah l` pjsfcfóh "3", al `utjkóvfl `utjkóvfl sa kjvarà sjlj ah l`s tras
prfkar`s k`rcb`s, y ah l` pjsfcfóh "4", sjlj ah l`s mjs prfkar`s k`rcb`s, atc. L` cjhifgur`cfóh ma ahgr`h`oas fhiarfjras as `cjhsao`dla `l irah`r al kjtjr, `l cjhmucfr masma uh` pahmfahta j p`r` avft`r alaccfjhas hj masa`m`s ma `lt` valjcfm`m ah c`rratar`s sfhujs`s. @makàs, tras prjgr`k`s ma kjvfkfahtj, cjhtrjl`mjs pjr uh fhtarruptjr ` l` fzqufarm` ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr`, prjpjrcfjh`h uh cjhtrjl `mfcfjh`l pjr p`rta mal cjhmuctjr mal aqufpj ma `cuarmj cjh l`s cjhmfcfjhas ma l` c`rratar`. Ah l` pjsfcfóh "Hjrk`l", l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs iuhcfjh` ah kjmj `utjkàtfcj hjrk`l. Ah al kjmj "Spjrt", ljs c`kdfjs ma k`rcb` sa prjmucah ` valjcfm`mas kàs `lt`s mal kjtjr. Ah al kjmj "Hfava" ah l` pjsfcfóh ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` "M", al kjvfkfahtj mal `utjkóvfl cjkfahz` cjh l` saguhm` k`rcb`. Madfmj ` l` cjkplaofm`m ma l` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, cu`lqufar rap`r`cfóh mada ra`lfz`rsa ah l`s ast`cfjhas ma ^augajt. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` ]fpj Masfgh`cfóh Masfgh`cf óh
@utjkàtfcj,, = k`rcb`s `mal`hta y 0 tr`sarj. @utjkàtfcj = B^ 4>
L` c`htfm`m ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs? - @l c`kdf`r al `cafta.
3.> lftrjs
- c`p`cfm`m tjt`l, fhclufmj al cjhvart cjhvartfmjr fmjr ma p`r
2,3 lftrjs
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H k. k. ^arhjs ma kjht`oa mal ahirf`mjr
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Fhtarruptjr ma kjht`oa kultfiuhcfóh ma parhjs
0>
^`l`hc` salactjr`
40
Suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`? - sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh
1>
- tuarc` cahtr`l Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh `l kjtjr
91 9>
]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh p`r` `ljo`kfahtj ma rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj.
1>
^arhjs ma k`rcj fhiarfjr fhiarfj r
21
]jrhflljss ma kjht`oa ma pl`c` ma p`r ]jrhfllj
3>
]jrhflljss ma ruam` ]jrhfllj
6>
C`kdfj ma `cafta ma c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. B`g` 0. B`g` uh racjrrfmj cjrtj p`r` llav`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ` l` takpar`tur` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al vabëculj ah uh alav`mjr j sjdra uh ijsj ma jdsarv`cfóh. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` v`rfll` ma kamfcfóh ma `cafta, luagj fhst`la uh racfpfahta `macu`mj mad`oj mal t`póh ma mrah`oa ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Al t`póh ma mrah`oa astà udfc`mj ah al cahtrj ma l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla uh t`póh ma mrah`oa y cjkdfha al `cafta ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua sjlj sa mrah`h uhjs 3 lftrjs ma `cafta, y` qua As fkpjsfdla mrah`r cjkplat`kahta al `cafta mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r. Lfkpfa al t`póh ma mrah`oa y ratfra l` `r`hmal` ma sall`mj mal t`póh. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` `r`hmal` ma sall`mj ah al t`póh y `tjrhflla al t`póh ah su lug`r. 9. Llaha 9. Llaha l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas cjh `cafta ` tr`væs mal tudj mal kamfmjr ma hfval ma `cafta. 7. Ah 7. Ah al prjcasj ma `grag`r `cafta, cjhtrjla cjhst`htakahta al hfval ma `cafta. Cu`hmj al hfval `lc`hca l` k`rc` "K@R" ah al kamfmjr ma hfval, maoa ma rac`rg`r. @rr`hqua al kjtjr `l r`lahtë mur`hta uhjs kfhutjs. @p`gua al kjtjr y varfifqua al hfval ma `cafta, `ð`m` sf as hacas`rfj. Ta`lfca uh` pruad` ma k`haoj y vualv` ` ravfs`r al hfval ma `cafta.
Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh mal c`dla salactjr salactjr.. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ah l` pjsfcfóh "^". 3. Ah 3. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` ratfr`r l` rótul` mal c`dla ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ah al salactjr ma ahgr`h`oas kultfiuhcfóh. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa mal c`dla `l sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 9. Lav`hta 9. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al sfstak` ma asc`pa y ljs ascumjs tærkfcjs. 2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta uh c`dla ma tjmjs ljs sjpjrtas ma suoacfóh. 6. Ah 6. Ah al `utjkóvfl, ratfra l` luz ma ijhmj ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` y ljs racudrfkfahtjs ma prjtaccfóh. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` cudfart` ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` `l sualj. Tatfra l` cudfart` ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ouhtj cjh al c`dla ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Axtr`ccfóh mal `oust`mjr `utjkàtfcj `utjkàtfcj mal c`dla ma dljquaj ma tacl`s tacl`s
^`r` ratfr`r l` ll`va `utjkàtfc` p`r` dljqua`r al ragul`mjr (0) mal c`dla, gëral` b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y lavàhtal`.
Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh mal `ccfjh`kfahtj mal valjcëkatrj Axtr`ccfóh Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. L` uhfm`m mal valjcëkatrj astà udfc`m` ah l` p`rta tr`sar` ma l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, carc` mal axtrakj fhtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh maracbj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` c`rc`s` mal valjcëkatrj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa, ratfra l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` y ratfra al `ctu`mjr mal valjcëkatrj ma l` c`o` ma l` tr`hskfsfóh ouhtj cjh l` ouht` tórfc`. =. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, puama quft`r al ahgr`h`oa fkpulsjr mal valjcëkatrj y al `hfllj ma sall`mj ma l` c`rc`s`. Fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Maskjht`oa alfkfh`cfóh. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfó fhst`l`cfóh h mal rairfgar`mj rairfgar`mjr. r. Ahirf`mjr ma c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ahgr`h`oas
3. Tairfgar`m Tairfgar`mjr jr =. ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh 1. Ouht`s 9. L`v`mjr`
Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Al ahirf`mjr Al ahirf`mjr astà kjht`mj ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` c`o` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. ^`r` `ccamar `l ahirf`mjr, ratfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y ljs puartjs ma `mkfsfóh. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal sjpjrta ma sjpjrta s jpjrta udfc`mj sjdra al ahirf`mjr, luagj ratfra al sjpjrta ma sjpjrta.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh ljs clfps, `prfata l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj ma rairfgar`hta `l ahirf`mjr. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta l`s mjs k`hguar`s mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh mal ahirf`mjr. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh rairfgar`mjr y ratëralj ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkpruada al hfval ma lëqufmj ah al sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh y al hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. Axtr`ccfóh Axtr`ccfó h a fhst`l`cfóh mal fhtarruptjr kultfiuhcf kultfiuhcfóh. óh. Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj `l fhtarruptjr, ratfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y ljs puartjs ma `mkfsfóh. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ah l` pjsfcfóh "H".
3. K`rqua 3. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` cjh raspactj `l fhtarruptjr. =. Cjh =. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra al c`dla ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` mal fhtarruptjr kultfiuhcfóh. 1. T`straa 1. T`straa al c`dla`mj masma al fhtarruptjr `l cjhactjr y mascjhacta al cjhactjr. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al c`dla`mj mal fhtarruptjr mal sjpjrta ma sjpjrta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 7. Mastjrhflla 7. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` p`l`hc` y ratfra l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ma uh aoa mal fhtarruptjr. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla al fhtarruptjr y sàqualj ma l` c`o` ma tr`hskfsfóh. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Tatfrj a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ) L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `utjkàtfc` ma l` ACQ, ouhtj cjh l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal kjtjr ma l` ACQ, sa ahcuahtr` ah l` c`o` ma l` ACQ ah al l`mj irjht`l maracbj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ouhtj `l t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh mal sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @p`gua 0. @p`gua al ahcahmfmj, `dr` l` c`o` ma l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma l` ACQ. L` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` c`o` ma cc`kdfjs `kdfjs astà udfc`m` kàs carc` mal `l` mal
`utjkóvfl. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`l`hc` ma dljquaj ahljs l` p`rta suparfjr mal cjhactjr y mascjhacta al cjhactjr. Tatfra al cjhactjr ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr, masahg`hcba al pastfllj mal`htarj y ratfra l` ACQ ma p`s`mjras ma guë`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` ACQ lav`htàhmjl`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sf sa fhst`l` uh` huav` ACQ, as hacas`rfj ra`lfz`r uh vf`oa ma cjhtrjl ah mfiarahtas cjhmfcfjhas ma l` c`rratar` p`r` qua al cfrcuftj ma cjhtrjl mal dljqua sa `m`pta ` ljs p`ràkatrjs ma l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. Tatfr`m` a fhst`l`cfóh ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`. Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma l` d`tarë` p`r` fhst`l`r l` d`tarë`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` c`rc`s` mal ifltrj ma `fra y al sfstak` ma `mkfsfóh. 3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` y l` prjtaccfóh mal `rcj ma l` ruam`. Tatfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma mad`oj mal kjtjr. =. Y`cëa =. Y`cëa al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y vualv` ` cjljc`r al t`póh ma mrah`oa. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `rhæs ma l` làkp`r` ma `mvartahcf` ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj y kuæv`lj b`cf` uh l`mj. 9. Cjh 9. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra l` rótul` ma l` p`l`hc` salactjr` ah al salactjr ma ahgr`h`oas kultfiuhcfóh. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa mal c`dla `l sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 7. T`straa 7. T`straa al c`dla`mj masma al fhtarruptjr kultfiuhcfóh b`st` al cjhactjr, mascjhacta al cjhactjr y ratfra al c`dla`mj mal sjpjrta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal `rhæs gr`hma carc` mal ahirf`mjr ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 6. Cjh 6. Cjh ljs clfps, `prfata `kd`s k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`hta ah al ahirf`mjr. 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l`s mjs k`hguar`s ma rairfgar`hta `l ahirf`mjr. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal sjpjrta ma sjpjrta s jpjrta udfc`mj sjdra al ahirf`mjr y ratfra al sjpjrta ma sjpjrta. 04. 04. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al dus ma tfarr` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra l` suspahsfóh mal `rhæs y al sjpjrta ma l` k`hguar` ma sjpjrta ma l` tr`hskfsfóh. 0=. 0=. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al alactrjcjhmuctjr mal kamfmjr ma uh` uhfm`m ma uh valjcëkatrj y al kamfmjr ma gfrjs, luagj ratfra al kamfmjr ma gfrjs ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh. 01. 01. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma uh `rr`hc`mjr y kuav` uh `rr`hc`mjr ` uh l`mj, sfh mascjhact`r uh c`dla`mj alæctrfcj.
09. 09. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta tjmjs ljs cjhactjras ma c`dla`mj alæctrfcj rast`htas. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra `kdjs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh. 02. 02. Masma Masma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal sjpjrta `l `ljo`kfahtj mal cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh y al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr.
06. 06. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma l` `t`mur` ma l` tudarë` mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh mal `kplfifc`mjr ` l` tr`hskfsfóh. 4>. 4>. Tatfra Tatfra al k`rcj ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` fhiarfjr. 40. 40. Cjh Cjh uh c`drast`hta, lav`hta al kjtjr ah al l`mj fzqufarmj b`st` qua al kjtjr pasa sjdra al c`drast`hta. 44. 44. Qs`hmj Qs`hmj uh saguhmj c`drast`hta, lav`hta l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas pjr l` jrao` ouhtj `l ahirf`mjr. L` c`o` ma c`kdfjs `utjkàtfc` pas` kàs ma 6> eg. 43. 43. Gfra Gfra al cfgüað`l mal kjtjr ` uh` pjsfcfóh b`st` qua uhj ma ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma tjrqua sa` vfsfdla ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ma kjht`oa mal `rr`hc`mjr. 4=. 4=. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla al parhj mal cjhvartfmjr ma tjrqua mfspjhfdla, gfra al cfgüað`l sagÿh sa` hacas`rfj y masahrjsqua ljs mjs parhjs rast`htas.
41. 41. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` cahtr`l mal kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh fzqufarm` ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf`.Mastjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs y ratfra l` `lkjb`mfll` ma gjk` ma l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa.
49. 49. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l` c`rc`s` ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas `l kjtjr. 47. 47. Kuav` Kuav` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y ratfra sus p`s`mjras ma guë`. Maspuæs ma qua sa ijrka uh asp`cfj suifcfahta, ifoa al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ` l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas cjh uh parhj ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj mal sahsjr ma valjcfm`m. 42. 42. @cjpla @cjpla al kjtjr y l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y ratfra l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. ^rap`r`hmj p`r` fhst`l`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma fhst`l`r ah su lug`r, as hacas`rfj b`car uh` barr`kfaht` sfkpla p`r` `lfha`r al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r cjh l` pl`c` ma k`hmj. L` barr`kfaht` as uh parhj, `l fgu`l qua al parhj ma kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r, parj tfaha uh` c`daz` `l`rg`m`, qua mada sjdras`lfr mal jrfifcfj p`r` fhst`l`r al
`rr`hc`mjr maspuæs ma fhst`l`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah su lug`r. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al cfgüað`l mal kjtjr ma kjmj qua uhj ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs p`r` al kjht`oa mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ah l` pl`c` ma k`hmj sa ahcuahtra irahta `l jrfifcfj mal `rr`hc`mjr. @sagura al cjhvartfmjr ma p`r cjh uh parhj ma c`daz` l`rg` i`drfc`mj pravf`kahta qua sa mas`tjrhfll`rà ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ma `rr`hqua maspuæs ma fhst`l`r l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ah al kjtjr.
3. Yarfifqua 3. Yarfifqua qua al duoa ma sjpjrta mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r udfc`mj ah al cahtrj mal cfgüað`l astæ ah duah`s cjhmfcfjhas. =. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` astæh ah su lug`r. Fhst`l`cfjh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - cjljqua l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah uh` pjsfcfóh qua parkft` qua al parhj ma kjht`oa aspacf`l mal cjhvartfmjr ma tjrqua p`sa ` tr`væs ma l` `dartur` mal `rr`hc`mjr5 - maspuæs ma ifo`r l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas ah al dljqua ma cflfhmrjs, masahrjsqua al parhj aspacf`l mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r y `tjrhflla al parhj astàhm`r mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r ah su lug`r. Gfra al cfgüað`l y `tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa rast`htas mal cjhvartfmjr ma p`r5 - Fhst`la al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar`5 - fhst`l`r ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh5 - `prfata l`s tuarc`s y tjrhflljs cjh al p`r raquarfmj5 - `ð`mfr `cafta ` l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs5 - @ð`m` rairfgar`hta `l sfstak` ma rairfgar`cfóh. Tavfsfóh ma l` tr`hskfsfó tr`hskfsfóh h `utjkàtfc` L` c`o` ma c`kdfjs as uh` uhfm`m kuy cjkplao` y mada rap`r`rsa ah uh t`llar aspacf`lfz`mj. @htas ma rap`r`r l` tr`hskfsfóh, as hacas`rfj matarkfh`r l` h`tur`laz` ma l` i`ll`, qua puama sar alæctrfc`, kacàhfc` j bfmràulfc`. Hj ratfra l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs ma uh vabëculj p`r` su rap`r`cfóh `htas ma qua sa fmahtfifqua uh` i`ll` prjiasfjh`l, y` qua l` k`yjrë` ma l`s pruad`s raqufarah qua l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs astæ ah al vabëculj. Aoas ma iuarz` Al p`r mal kjtjr ` l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s sa tr`hskft tr`hskfta a ` tr`væs ma mjs a aoas oas ma tr`hskfsfóh ma `carj ma mfiarahtas ljhgftumas.
Ljs axtrakjs axtarfjras ma ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh sa fhsart`h ah al cudj ma l` ruam` y sa `sagur`h cjh tuarc`s. Ljs axtrakjs fhtarhjs ma ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh astàh kjht`mjs y ifo`mjs ah al mfiarahcf`l. L`s dfs`gr`s ma valjcfm`mas `hgul`ras fgu`las (ouht`s CY) astàh fhst`l`m`s ah `kdjs l`mjs ma ljs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh y prjpjrcfjh`h uh` tr`hskfsfóh su`va y aifcfahta mal p`r cu`hmj l` suspahsfóh astà iuhcfjh`hmj y l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s astàh gfr`hmj. L` ouht` axtarh` mal YC cjhsfsta ah uh` c`rc`s`, uh sap`r`mjr, uh` o`ul` fhtarfjr y djl`s. Ah al c`sj ma l` dfs`gr` y l`s r`hur`s ma sjpjrta sa b`cah p`r` cjljc`r l`s djl`s. L`s r`hur`s mal pl`hj ljhgftumfh`l sa b`cah ` lj l`rgj mal r`mfj, lj qua prjpjrcfjh` uh gr`h àhgulj ma rjt`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` axtarfjr. L` ouht` fhtarh` as mfiarahta ma l` axtarh` pjrqua, ah lug`r ma djl`s, sa utflfz`h rjmflljs kjht`mjs ah al aoa kjtjr. Ah al l`mj maracbj, madfmj ` l` gr`h ljhgftum mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh, l` dfs`gr` fhtarfjr astà udfc`m` `prjxfk`m`kahta ah al cahtrj ma l` ljhgftum mal aoa, y al cjofhata ma sjpjrta fhtarkamfj astà ifoj ah l` suspahsfóh ma l` uhfm`m ma pjtahcf` pjtahcf`Fhijrk`cfóh Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H · k. k. ]uarc` mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh
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]uarc`s ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfj fhiarfjrr ma l` p`l`hc` ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh
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]jrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma pjtahcf` maracbj.
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]jrhfllj ma ruam` Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cf fhst`l`cfóh óh ma aoas ma `ccfjh`kfahtj. `ccfjh`kfahtj.
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@mvartahcf` Ah hfhgÿh c`sj sa mada d`o`r al `utjkóvfl sjdra l`s ruam`s sfh uhj j mjs aoas ma tr`hskfsfóh, y` qua Astj m`ð`rà ljs rjm`kfahtjs ma l`s ruam`s. Sf hacasft` kjvar al `utjkóvfl, mada fhst`l`r takpjr`lkahta al axtrakj axtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal cudj y `sagur`rlj cjh uh` tuarc`. Mfspjsftfvj ma dljquaj mal ahg`hcba >9>9 @V
Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` @l fhst`l`r l` rótul` mal dr`zj fhiarfjr, mada us`r uh` tuarc` huav`.
0. Puft`r 0. Puft`r uh` t`p` ma uh` h`va ma uh` ruam` y alakahtjs ma dljquaj ma uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma uh aoa ma pjtahcf` ` uh` h`va. @iljoa l` tuarc` qua suoat` al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh `l cudj mal `utjkóvfl, cjljc`hmj l`s ruam`s ah al sualj. @iljoa t`kdfæh ljs tjrhflljs ma ruam`. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal cjcba y dljquæalj ah l`s gr`m`s. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Y`cf`r 4. Y`cf`r al `cafta ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. 3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs aqufp`mjs cjh @DS, ratfra al sahsjr kjht`mj ah l` ruam` mal `utjkóvfl. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma uh aoa ma pjtahcf` ` uh` h`va. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` ^`r` i`cflft`r al masahrjsc`mj ma l` tuarc` qua suoat` al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh `l cudj, usa ljs c`squflljs ma dljquaj mal cudj (barr`kfaht` >9>9 @V). 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfjr ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh. Tatfra l` rótul` ma l` p`l`hc` utflfz`hmj uh axtr`ctjr uhfvars`l p`r` rótul`s. Aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj fzqufarmj fzqufarmj 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al cudj mal vabëculj y ratfra al axtrakj axtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal cudj. Sf as hacas`rfj, usa uh k`rtfllj ma gjk` j uh k`rtfllj p`r` quft`r al aoa mal cudj. 7. @pjy`hmj 7. @pjy`hmj uh aoa ma pjtahcf`, s`qua al axtrakj fhtarhj ma uh aoa ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh, tahfahmj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal mfiarahcf`l. Tatfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ma mad`oj mal vabëculj.
Aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj maracbj maracbj 2. 2. Иреоаьфб mjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma pjtahcf` maracbj.
6. Luagj 6. Luagj gfra ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) 6> ¾ p`r` qua sus c`daz`s sa maspl`cah masma al axtrakj axtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj.
0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al cudj mal vabëculj y ratfra al axtrakj axtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal cudj. Sf as hacas`rfj, usa uh k`rtfllj ma gjk` j uh k`rtfllj p`r` quft`r al aoa mal cudj.
00. 00. @pjy`hmj @pjy`hmj al axtrakj axtarhj ma uh aoa ma pjtahcf`, tjka al axtrakj fhtarhj ma uh aoa ma uh` tr`hskfsfóh y lfdara al cjofhata fhtarkamfj ma l` suspahsfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh. 04. 04. Maspuæs Maspuæs ma ratfr`r al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ma l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas, ratfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` mal axtrakj fhtarfjr mal aoa, tjk`hmj hjt` ma su udfc`cfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh, y ratfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma fhst`l`r al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh, varfifqua al ast`mj mal `hfllj ma sallj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l` tr`hskfsfóh. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l`s astrë`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah al cudj y l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas. @plfqua uh` c`p` malg`m` ma gr`s` ah al djrma ma sall`mj, l`s astrë`s y l`s drfm`s mal aoa fkpulsjr. Aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj fzqufarmj fzqufarmj 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah al mfiarahcf`l `lfha`hmj l`s astrë`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh l`s r`hur`s ma ljs ahgr`h`oas ma kamfj aoa mal mfiarahcf`l. Fhsarta al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs b`st` qua sa matahg`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al axtrakj axtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah al cudj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` pl`c` prjtactjr` ah l` ouht` ma rótul` fhiarfjr, luagj cjhacta l` ouht` fhiarfjr ` l` p`l`h p`l`hc`. c`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` huav` tuarc` gfr`tjrf` y `prfætal` `l p`r raquarfmj. Ludrfqua al l`mj fhtarfjr y l`s rjsc`s ma l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa mal aoa fkpulsjr cjh `cafta ma kjtjr
lfkpfj, `tjrhëllal` `l aoa fkpulsjr y `prfata `l p`r raquarfmj. Yarfifqua qua al cudj gfra lfdrakahta, luagj fhst`la l` `r`hmal` ma sagurfm`m.
7. @sagura 7. @sagura l` `r`hmal` ma sagurfm`m cjh uh p`s`mjr.
2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la al sahsjr ma @DS. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l` ruam`, luagj d`oa al `utjkóvfl `l sualj y, ifh`lkahta, `prfata ljs parhjs `l p`r raquarfmj. 0>. 0>. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y rallaha sf as hacas`rfj. Aoa ma `ccfjh`kfahtj maracbj maracbj
00. 00. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada qua al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj gfra ma k`har` iàcfl y uhfijrka. @sagÿrasa ma qua hj b`y` uh` ra`ccfóh hag`tfv` mal `hfllj axtarfjr ah ral`cfóh cjh al fhtarfjr. 04. 04. Ludrfqua Ludrfqua al `hfllj axtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj y al djrma fhtarhj ma l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma ludrfc`hta. 03. 03. Fhsarta Fhsarta al axtrakj fhtarfjr mal aoa ` tr`væs mal sjpjrta ma fhst`l`cfóh mal cjofhata fhtarkamfj a fhst`la l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj ah al aoa fkpulsjr.
0=. 0=. @lfhaa @lfhaa l`s r`hur`s fhtarh`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh l`s r`hur`s mal ahgr`h`oa ma kamfj aoa mal mfiarahcf`l y al cjofhata fhtarkamfj cjh l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa. Fhsarta al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs b`st` qua sa matahg`. 01. 01. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` ouht` axtarh` ma valjcfm`m cjhst`hta ah al cudj.
09. 09. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua fhtarkamfj cjrract`kahta, luagj gfra ljs parhjsqua 6> al ¾ yrjm`kfahtj iëoaljs ah ast` pjsfcfóhastæ cjh fhst`l`mj tuarc`s. Cudr` al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj cjh uh` cudfart` ma pjlvj.
07. 07. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` pl`c` prjtactjr` ah l` ouht` ma rótul` fhiarfjr, luagj cjhacta l` ouht` fhiarfjr ` l` p`l`hc`. 02. 02. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` huav` tuarc` gfr`tjrf` y `prfætal` `l p`r raquarfmj. Ludrfqua al l`mj fhtarfjr y l`s rjsc`s ma l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa mal aoa fkpulsjr cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj, `tjrhëllal` `l aoa fkpulsjr y `prfata `l p`r raquarfmj. Yarfifqua qua al cudj gfra lfdrakahta, luagj fhst`la l` `r`hmal` ma sagurfm`m y `sagÿral` cjh uh p`s`mjr ma rasjrta. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la al sahsjr ma @DS. 4>. 4>. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` ruam`, luagj d`oa al `utjkóvfl `l sualj y, ifh`lkahta, `prfata ljs parhjs `l p`r raquarfmj. 40. 40. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al hfval ma `cafta ah l` c`o` ma ahgr`h`oas y rallaha sf as hacas`rfj. Taakpl`zj ma l`s cudfart`s ma ouht`s ma valjcfm`m cjhst`hta.
Axtr`ccfóh AR]ATH@ MA DFS@GT@S DFS@GT@S
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 4. Suoata 4. Suoata al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah uh vfcfj cjh kjrm`z`s su`vas y ratfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s qua suoat`h l` cudfart`. 3. Maslfca 3. Maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` b`cf` `d`oj mal aoa. =. Cjh =. Cjh uh k`rtfllj j uh puhzóh su`va, gjlpaa l` dfs`gr` drusc`kahta y ratfra l` dfs`gr` mal aoa. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh ma l` r`hur` ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh mal CY OJFH] as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh huavj `hfllj ma dljquaj. 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma gjk` mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 7. Qs`hmj 7. Qs`hmj uh sjlvahta `prjpf`mj, lfkpfa l` ouht` ma CY y sæqual`. Fhspaccfjha l` dfs`gr`. 2. Yarfifqua 2. Yarfifqua al prjgrasj ma l`s djl`s ma l` dfs`gr` y l`s djl`s ah së p`r` matact`r m`ðjs. 6. Cjkpruada 6. Cjkpruada l`s pfst`s sjdra l`s qua sa kuavah l`s djl`s ma l` dfs`gr` mahtrj y iuar` ma l` dfs`gr`. 0>. 0>. Sf Sf `lguh` p`rta ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh astà masg`st`m`, l` `rtfcul`cfóh mada raakpl`z`rsa pjr cjkplatj. Sf l` dfs`gr` astà ah cjhmfcfjhas s`tfsi`ctjrf`s, ahtjhcas as hacas`rfj us`r uh eft ma rap`r`cfóh ma pfaz`s qua cjhsfsta ah uh` huav` cudfart` prjtactjr`, uh `hfllj ma ratahcfóh, `dr`z`mar`s y gr`s` p`r` dfs`gr`s.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ljs 0. Ljs `hflljs ma plàstfcj (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) sa ahcuahtr`h ah al axtarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr`. Maslfca al fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` sjdra al aoa (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb` ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`).
4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ah l` r`hur` mal aoa fkpulsjr j ah al k`hguftj ma plàstfcj (sf sa us`).
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al huavj `hfllj ma sagurfm`m ah l` r`hur` `l ifh`l mal aoa fkpulsjr.
=. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa l`s r`hur`s ma l` dfs`gr` y al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh a fhst`la l` dfs`gr` ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh b`st` qua quama `sagur`m` cjh uh `hfllj ma ratahcfóh.
1. Llaha 1. Llaha l` dfs`gr` cjh gr`s` a fhst`la f hst`la l` cudfart` prjt prjtactjr` actjr` ah l` r`hur` ma l` dfs`gr`.
9. Ifoa 9. Ifoa l` cudfart` prjtactjr` cjh clfps ma k`hguar` cjh al g`hcbj y ljs `lfc`tas.
7. Mjdla 7. Mjdla al axtrakj qua sjdras`la mal yugj y cjrta su p`rta sjdr`hta.
2. Mjdla 2. Mjdla al axtrakj mal yugj carc` mal sjpjrta.
6. ^rasfjha 6. ^rasfjha al sjpjrta b`cf` l` `dr`z`mar`.
0>. 0>. Lav`hta Lav`hta al axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` p`r` fgu`l`r l` prasfóh ma `fra mad`oj ma l` cudfart`, luagj `sagÿral` cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`.
00. 00. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada l` su`vfm`m ma l`s ouht`s CY a fhst`la al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah al vabëculj. DFS@GT@ FH]ATH@ FH]ATH@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal vabëculj. 4. Suoata 4. Suoata al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah uh vfcfj cjh kjrm`z`s su`vas y ratfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s qua suoat`h l` cudfart`. Maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` b`cf` `d`oj mal aoa. Cjh uh k`rtfllj j uh puhzóh su`va, gjlpaa drusc`kahta l` dfs`gr` y ratfra l` dfs`gr` mal aoa. Tatfra al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh ma l` r`hur` ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh mal CY OJFH] as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh huavj `hfllj ma dljquaj. 3. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` ouht` axtarh` y, sf astà fhst`l`m`, l` iuhm` ma plàstfcj qua suoat` al axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` ouht` axtarh` y, sf astà fhst`l`m`, l` iuhm` ma plàstfcj qua suoat` al axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart`.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s qua suoat`h l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarfjr y maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ` lj l`rgj mal aoa. M`mj qua sa b` ratfr`mj l` cudfart` prjtactjr`, l` p`rta axtarfjr ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarfjr sa puama quft`r mal aoa. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` iuhm` ma plàstfcj ma l` djt`.
9. Qs`hmj 9. Qs`hmj uh sjlvaht s jlvahta, a, lfkpfa l` dfs`gr` y saqua. Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada al masg`sta ma l`s pfaz`s ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarh`. Ljs rjmflljs ma sjpjrta madah gfr`r sfh prjdlak`s y ma k`har` uhfijrka. 4. Sf 4. Sf `l varfifc`r ljs maiactjs ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarh` sa matact`h, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ah su tjt`lfm`m. 3. Ludrfqua 3. Ludrfqua l` p`rta ma tr`d`oj ma l` ouht` fhtarh`. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh mal óxfmj y ljs djrmas `ifl`mjs qua puamah m`ð`r l` cudfart` prjtactjr` `l fhst`l`rl`. Maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarfjr sjdra al aoa `htas ma fhst`l`r l` iuhm` ah l` r`hur`. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` dfs`gr` fhtarfjr ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh y ifoa l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ah l`s r`hur`s ma l` dfs`gr`. @sagura l` cudfart` prjtactjr` cjh clfps ma k`hguar`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` ouht` axtarh` mal CY (var `rrfd` `rrfd` ). Taakpl`zj mal cjofhata fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh maracbj @mvartahcf`
^`r` quft`r al rjm`kfahtj, mada utflfz`r uh axtr`ctjr aspacf`l. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh maracbj. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua al ast`mj mal rjm`kfahtj, qua mada gfr`r cjh i`cflfm`m y uhfijrkfm`m y hj mada tahar hfhgÿh ouagj ahtra al `hfllj fhtarfjr y al axtarfjr. Taakpl`ca al cjofhata sf as hacas`rfj. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh axtr`ctjr uhfvars`l cjh uh` c`rrar` gr`hma, ratfra al rjm`kfahtj fhtarkamfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ludrfqua al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal huavj rjm`kfahtj cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh tudj `prjpf`mj qua sa `pjya cjhtr` al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj. Fhst`la al huavj cjofhata ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh.
=. Cjkpruada =. Cjkpruada qua al rjm`kfahtj gfr` ma ijrk` iàcfl y uhfijrka. Sfstak` ma irahjs
Ma `cuarmj cjh su prjpósftj y iuhcfjhas, al sfstak` ma irahjs mal `utjkóvfl sa mfvfma ah tr`d`oj, rapuastj, ast`cfjh`kfahtj y akargahcf`. Al sfstak` ma irah`mj ma sarvfcfj prjpjrcfjh` cjhtrjl ma valjcfm`m mal vabëculj y sa matfaha cjh l` aifcfahcf` hacas`rf`. Al rapuastj sfrva p`r` matahar al `utjkóvfl cjh l` aifcfahcf` hacas`rf` ah c`sj ma qua i`lla al sfstak` ma irahjs ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj. Al `p`rc`kfahtj sfrva p`r` k`htahar al cjcba fhkóvfl ah ral`cfóh cjh l` c`rratar`. Sa utflfz` prfhcfp`lkahta p`r` sjstahar uh `utjkóvfl p`r`mj, parj t`kdfæh puama us`rsa cjkj uh` akargahcf` cu`hmj i`ll` al sfstak` ma irahjs ah iuhcfjh`kfahtj. Ah al `utjkóvfl sa us`d` uh sfstak` ma irahjs ma tr`d`oj cjh tr`hskfsfóh bfmràulfc` y cfrcuftjs ma sap`r`cfóh mf`gjh`las, lj qua `ukaht` cjhsfmar`dlakahta l` sagurfm`m ma l` cjhmuccfóh. Ah c`sj ma i`llj ma uhj ma ljs cfrcuftjs, sa utflfz` uh saguhmj cfrcuftj cjkj sfstak` ma irahjs ma rapuastj, qua parkfta matahar al vabëculj cjh suifcfahta aifcfahcf`. Al sfstak` ma irahjs cjhst` ma uh cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahjs, uh sarvjirahj, sarvjirahj, irahjs ma mfscj ah l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s mal`htar`s y t`kdjras j irahjs ma mfscj ah l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s. Al
raijrz`mjr
mal
irahj
ma
v`cëj
ramuca
l`
iuarz`
mal
pam`l
mal
irahj,
lj
qua
i`cflft`
l`
cjhmuccfóh.
Al ragul`mjr ma prasfóh mal irahj tr`sarj astà udfc`mj bfmràulfc`kahta ah c`m` irahj tr`sarj. Ah l` k`yjrë` ma ljs kjmaljs, ljs ragul`mjras ma prasfóh sa udfc`h pjr sap`r`mj, parj ah `lguh `lguhjs js kjmaljs cjh t`kdjras ma irahj tr`sarjs, ljs ragul`mjr ragul`mjras as ma prasfóh sa cjkdfh`h cjh ljs cflfhmrjs ma tr`d`oj tr`sarjs.
Ah ljs `utjkó `utjkóvflas vflas cjh kjtjr mfasal, sa utflfz` uh` djkd` ma v`cëj sap`r` s ap`r`m` m` p`r` cra`r uh v`cëj, v `cëj, qua g`r`ht g`r`htfz` fz` al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal raijrz`mjr ma irahj ma v`cëj, qua sa fhst`l` ah al axtrakj ma l` cul`t` y sa `ccfjh` mfract`kahta masma al àrdjl ma lav`s. Cu`hmj cjhmuzc` ah uh` c`rratar` kjo`m`, sa racjkfahm` ma vaz ah cu`hmj pfs`r al pam`l mal irahj p`r` alfkfh`r l`s fhclusfjhas m`ðfh`s ma ljs mfscjs ma irahj. Madfmj ` l` iuarz` cahtrëiug`, al `gu` sa masc`rg` ma ljs mfscjs ma ljs irahjs kfahtr`s sa kuavah, sfh akd`rgj, uh` c`p` malg`m` ma gr`s`s, sflfcjh`s, rasfmujs ma c`ucbj, gr`s` y sucfam`m park`haca ah alljs, lj qua ramuca l` aifcfahcf` ma irah`mj. Maspuæs ma fhst`l`r l`s huav`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, madah ast`r iuhcfjh`hmj. Mur`hta ljs prfkarjs 4>> ` 3>> ek ma cjhmuccfóh, hj sa racjkfahm` ra`lfz`r al irah`mj kàxfkj ` kahjs qua sa` hacas`rfj. Ljs mfscjs ma irahj cjrrjëmjs c`us`h, `l irah`r, uh aiactj ma vfdr`cfóh qua hj mas`p`raca mas`p`raca cjh aall irah`mj prjljhg`mj. Ah asta c`sj, ljs mfscjs ma iirahj rahj madah sar raakpl`z`mjs. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Irahjs mal`htarjs mal`htarjs ]fpj
Irahjs ma mfscj ma pfhz` ma uh pfstóh
Mfàkatrj mal mfscj?
- Kjtjras ma 0,9 y 0,2 lftrjs. - jtrjs kjmaljs
49> kk 423 kk
Aspasjr mal mfscj ma irahj? - Kjtjras ma g`sjlfh` ma 0,9 y 0,2 lftrjs. • huavj
4=.> kk
• aspasjr këhfkj
44.> kk
- Jtrjs kjmaljs? • huavj
49.> kk
• aspasjr këhfkj
4=.> kk
Masi`sa kàxfkj mal mfscj
>.>1 kk
Aspasjr ma l` p`stfll` ma irahj?
- huavj
03.> kk
- këhfkj
4.> kk
Irahjs tr`sarjs cjh t`kdjr ma irahj. irahj. Mfàkatrj fhtarfjr mal t`kdjr? - huavj
442.9 kk
- mfàkatrj kàxfkj mal t`kdjr maspuæs ma ractfifc`r
43>.> kk
Aspasjr ma l` p`stfll` ma irahj? - huavj - këhfkj Kàxfkj l`tfmj mal t`kdjr
=.2 kk 0.1 kk >.>7 kk
Irahjs ma mfscj tr`sarjs tr`sarjs Mfàkatrj mal mfscj ma irahj
46> kk
Grjsjr mal mfscj? - huavj
0>.> kk
- aspasjr këhfkj
2.> kk
Masi`sa kàxfkj mal mfscj
>.>1 kk
Aspasjr ma l` p`stfll` ma irahj? - huavj
00.> kk
- këhfkj Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. k.
4.> kk
Qhfm`mas ma @DS? - tjrhfllj tjrhflljss ma ifo`cfóh ma mall mfspjsft mfspjsftfvj fvj ma cjhtrjl alactróh alactróhfcj fcj (ACQ)
1
- ragul`mjr ma kjht`oa
4>
- Sahsjr @DS kjht`mj ah al vjl`hta mal cjcba *
0>
- L` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` mal aoa ma l` dfs`gr` mal pam`l mal irahj
=>
- tjrhfllj qua suoat` al mfscj ma irahj
0>
^fhz` ma irahj mal`htarj? - parhj ma guë` ma ifo`cfóh mal parhj *
3>
- parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh *
04>
- p`l`hc` ma irahj ma k`hj
4>
- L`s tuarc`s ma l` `t`mur` mal k`hguftj mal irahj
01
- parhjs ma kjht`oa mal ragul`mjr ma prasfóh *
4>
- ]uarc`s ma ifo`cfóh mal cflfhmrj ma irahj prfhcfp`l.
01
^fhz` ma irahj tr`sarj? - parhj ma kjht`oa *
1>
- parhj ma guë` ma ifo`cfóh mal parhj *
3>
- ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal cflfhmrj ma irahj. - tjrhflljs ma ruam`
0> 6>
- ]uarc`s ma ifo`cfóh mal djjstar ma irahj ma v`cëj.
4>
* @l `tjrhfll`r l`s cjhaxfjhas rjsc`m`s, usa uh cjkpuastj ma dljquaj ma rjsc`s p`r` mas`tjrhfll`r. Sfstak` ma irahj bfmràulfcj ma purg`.
Al s`hgr`mj mal irahj bfmràu bfmràulfcj lfcj as hacas`rfj p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra, lj qua ramuca sfghfifc`tfv`kahta sfghfifc`tfv`kahta l` aiactfvfm`m mal irah`mj. Al `fra puama fhgras`r `l `ccfjh`kfahtj bfmràulfcj madfmj ` l` masprasurfz`cfóh mal sfstak` mur`hta l` rap`r`cfóh, raakpl`zj ma cjkpjhahtas fhmfvfmu`las j lëqufmj ma irahjs. Qh` k`yjr c`rrar` mal pam`l ma irahj y su "su`vfm`m" fhmfc`h l` prasahcf` ma `fra ah l` uhfm`m. @htas ma purg`r, cjkpruada l` ast`hquafm`m ma tjmjs ljs cjhouhtjs ma `ctu`mjras ma irahjs y sus cjhaxfjhas. ^urgua
tjmj
al
sfstak`
- Tuam` tr`sar` fzqufarm`.
Tuam` Tuam` Tuam`
ma
tr`hskfsfóh
ma
irahjs mal`htar` mal`htar` tr`sar`
ah
l`
sfgufahta
sacuahcf`? maracb`5 fzqufarm`5 maracb`5
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al t`póh `htfpjlvj mal purg`mjr mal cflfhmrj ma l` ruam`, lëkpfalj y cjljqua uh` k`hguar` tr`hsp`rahta y lfkpf` ah æl, d`oa al jtrj axtrakj ah uh racfpfahta p`rcf`lkahta llahj cjh lëqufmj ma irahjs.Al racfpfahta mada ast`r `l kahjs ` 3>> kk pjr ahcfk` mal hfpla ma purg`. Astj avft` l` ahtr`m` ma `fra ah al cflfhmrj ` tr`væs ma l`s rjsc`s ma l` djqufll` ma djkdaj.
4. ^rasfjha 4. ^rasfjha dravakahta al pam`l mal irahj 3 –1 vacas ` fhtarv`ljs ma 4–3 saguhmjs, masahrjsqua l` purg` cjh al pam`l pfs`mj kamf` vualt`. Sfgufahmj prasfjh`hmj al pam`l, s`qua al ilufmj mal sfstak` ouhtj cjh al `fra ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar` b`cf` al cjhtahamjr. 3. Qh` 3. Qh` vaz qua al pam`l b`y` `lc`hz`mj l` pjsfcfóh mal`htar` axtrak` y al lëqufmj y` hj iluy` ` tr`væs ma l` k`hguar`, `prfata l` djqufll` ma purg`. Tapft` ast`s jpar`cfjhas b`st` qua al `fra maoa ma s`lfr ma l` k`hguar`. =. Sjstahfahmj =. Sjstahfahmj al pam`l ah l` pjsfcfóh prasfjh`m`, `tjrhflla l` purg` b`st` al tjpa y ratfra l` k`hguar`. 1. Lfkpfa 1. Lfkpfa l` djqufll` ma purg` a fhst`la l` t`p` prjtactjr`. 9. Tapft` 9. Tapft` ast`s jpar`cfjhas p`r` l`s jtr`s ruam`s. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf`
@l alfkfh`r al `fra, vfgfla cjhst`htakahta l` prasahcf` ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al t`hqua, avft`hmj qua su p`rta fhiarfjr quama axpuast`, y` qua Kfahtr`s al sfstak` vualva ` tjk`r `fra. 7. Ah 7. Ah `usahcf` ma irahjs ma `fra ah al sfstak`, al pam`l mada p`s`r `prjxfk`m`kahta l` kft`m ma su racjrrfmj. ^`r` alfkfh`r l` fhiluahcf` mal raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj `l djkda`r ljs irahjs, ratfra al `fra cu`hmj al kjtjr hj astæ iuhcfjh`hmj. ]udjs y k`hguar`s ma irahj Mas`tjrhfll`r l` tuarc` mal irahj cjh uh` ll`va aspacf`l. aspacf`l.
Ljs tudjs ma irahj sa utflfz`h p`r` tr`hsiarfr al lëqufmj ma irahjs mal cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj ` ljs cflfhmrjs mal irahj ma l` ruam`. Ljs tudjs ma `cjpl`kfahtj cjh cflfhmrjs ma irahj y mfspjsftfvjs ma mfstrfducfóh sa ra`lfz`h kamf`hta `cjpl`kfahtjs cóhfcjs. Ljs axtrakjs ma ljs tudjs astàh rfz`mjs y tfahah uh` ijrk` cóhfc` p`r` al t`k`ðj `prjpf`mj ma ljs jrfifcfjs rjsc`mjs cóhfcjs ah ljs cflfhmrjs ma ljs irahjs j mfspjsftfvjs ma mfstrfducfóh. @htas ma ahrjsc`r ljs axtrakjs ma ljs tudjs, sa las cjljc` uh` cjhtr`tuarc` qua, maspuæs ma `tjrhfll`r uh` suparifcfa cóhfc` ah l` d`sa cóhfc` mal jrfifcfj rjsc`mj, prasfjh` y sall` al tudj. L`s k`hguar`s ma irahj ra`lfz`h cjkuhfc`cfjhas kóvflas ahtra l`s p`rtas kóvflas a fhkóvflas mal `utjkóvfl. ^`r` ramucfr l` pærmfm` ma lëqufmj ma irahjs `l ratfr`r ljs cflfhmrjs ma irahj ma tr`d`oj, sa utflfz`h `dr`z`mar`s p`r` suoat`r l`s k`hguar`s ma irahj. Sustftucfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj mal`htar`s. @mvartahcf` @sagÿrasa ma raakpl`z`r tjm`s l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ah al kfskj aoa mal `utjkóvfl, fhclusj sf al lëkfta ma masg`sta b` `lc`hz`mj uh dljqua. Sf sa rafhst`l`h l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, madah k`rc`rsa `htas ma quft`rl`s. Cu`hmj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj iuhcfjh`h, sa gahar` pjlvj ma irahj, qua cjhtfaha `sdastj qua as paroumfcf`l p`r` l` s`lum. ^jr lj t`htj, hj utflfca `fra cjkprfkfmj hf fhb`la pjlvj `l lfkpf`r l`s l `s p`stfll`s ma irahj.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj udfc`mj ah al c`dla mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj.
3. ^rasfjha 3. ^rasfjha al pfstóh mahtrj ma l` pfhz`, kjvfahmj l` pfhz` ah l` mfraccfóh jpuast` ` l` udfc`cfóh mal pfstóh.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal mamj ma mfraccfóh fhiarfjr. @l kfskj tfakpj, p`r` avft`r qua al mamj guë` gfra, usa uh` ll`va malg`m`. Qsa sjlj uh parhj huavj p`r` ifo`r al p`s`mjr ma guë`.
1. Gfra 1. Gfra al c`lfdr`mjr b`cf` `rrfd` ah al p`s`mjr ma guë` suparfjr y àtal` `l d`stfmjr cjh uh c`dla su`va.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l`s mjs p`stfll`s ma irahj mal sjpjrta ma l` pfhz`.
7. Kamfr 7. Kamfr al grjsjr ma l` p`stfll` ma c`m` z`p`t` ma irahj.
2. Sf 2. Sf l` cjhmfcfóh ma ljs ijrrjs ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj las parkfta sagufr usàhmjsa, lëkpfaljs cjh uh capfllj ma `l`kdra y uh p`ðj lfkpfjs.
6. @htas 6. @htas ma fhst`l`r l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, `sagÿrasa ma qua ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` sa kuav`h lfdrakahta ah al sjpjrta ma l` pfhz` y `sagÿrasa ma qua l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ma gjk` ma ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` hj astæh m`ð`m`s.
0>. 0>. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa al pjlvj y l` sucfam`m ma l` pfhz` y al pfstóh. Yarfifqua l` cjhmfc cjhmfcfóh fóh mal sallj ma pjlvj `lramam `lramamjr jr mal pfstóh. 00. 00. Sf Sf sa fhst`l`h huav`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, prasfjha al pfstóh mahtrj ma l` pfhz`. Astj sa puama b`car cjh uh` v`rfll` ma k`mar` j uh k`hgj ma k`rtfllj. Ah asta c`sj, `sagÿrasa aspacf`lkahta ma qua al pfstóh hj sa maijrka y qua l`s suparifcfas mal pfstóh y l` `htar` hj astæh m`ð`m`s. Cu`hmj sa akpuo` al pfstóh `mahtrj, lëqufmj ma djkdæalj. irahjs s`la Cu`hmj mal cflfhmrj mal p`stfll`s irahj b`cf` t`hqua ma cjlóqual`s axp`hsfóh. ah ^jrsus lj t`htj, cjhst`htakahta al hfval ma lëqufmj ah alb`cf` t`hqua y, sf asal hacas`rfj, fhst`la ma al irahj vfao`s, lug`rasvfgfla jrfgfh`las. 04. 04. Fhsarta Fhsarta l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj axtarfjr a fhtarfjr ah al sjpjrta ma l` pfhz`. 03. 03. D`oa D`oa l` pfhz` sjdra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, p`s`hmj al c`dla mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ` tr`væs ma l` vaht`h` ah l` pfhz`. Ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ma kjht`oa mal p`s`mjr guë` cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (^augajt racjkfahm` Ljctfta Irahat`hcb).
0=. 0=. ^rasfjha ^rasfjha l` pfhz` p`r` tjk`r su pjsfcfóh, luagj `prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa mal p`s`mjr guë`, `pratàhmjlj cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj.
01. 01. Cjhacta Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. 09. 09. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al mapósftj. Hj mada axcamar l` k`rc` "k`x". ^rasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas p`r` qua l`s p`stfll`s sa prasfjhah cjhtr` al mfscj y vualv` ` varfifc`r al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al mapósftj. 07. 07. Ta`lfca Ta`lfca ljs p`sjs `htarfjras ah l` saguhm` ruam` mal`htar`. 02. 02. Fhst`l`r Fhst`l`r l`s ruam`s y d`o`r al cjcba. 06. 06. Yualv` Yualv` ` ravfs`r al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs. Sustftucfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj tr`sar`s.
@mvartahcf` @sagÿrasa ma raakpl`z`r tjm`s l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ah al kfskj aoa mal `utjkóvfl, fhclusj sf al lëkfta ma masg`sta b` `lc`hz`mj uh dljqua. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs clf ps ma rasjrta (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h suoat`h ljs p`s`mjras p`s`mjras qua suoat`h l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al rasjrta qua avft` qua l`s `lkjb`mfll`s vfdrah.
=. Cjh =. Cjh uhjs `lfc`tas, ratfra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj fhtarfjr y axtarfjr ma l` pfhz`.
1. Kfm` 1. Kfm` al grjsjr ma l` p`stfll` ma c`m` z`p`t` ma irahj. 9. Sf 9. Sf l`s `lkjb`mfll`s sjh `macu`m`s p`r` su usj pjstarfjr, lëkpfaljs cjh uh capfllj ma `l`kdra y uh p`ðj. 7. @htas 7. @htas ma fhst`l`r l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, cjkpruada qua ljs c`squflljs ma guë` sa kuavah iàcflkahta ah l` pfhz` y qua l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ma gjk` hj astæh m`ð`m`s.
2. Sf 2. Sf sa fhst`l`h huav`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, prasfjha al pfstóh ah l` pfhz` cjh uh` v`rfll` ma k`mar` j uh k`hgj ma k`rtfllj. @l kfskj tfakpj, `sagÿrasa ma qua al pfstóh hj astæ maijrk`mj y qua l` suparifcfa mal pfstóh y l` `htar` hj astæh m`ð`m`s. Cu`hmj sa akpuo` al pfstóh, al lëqufmj ma irahjs sa maspl`z` mal cflfhmrj mal irahj `l t`hqua ma axp`hsfóh, pjr lj qua sa cjhtrjl` cjhst`htakahta al hfval ma lëqufmj ah al t`hqua y, sf as hacas`rfj, sa axtr`a uh` paquað` c`htfm`m mal kfskj. 6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l` pfhz`. 0>. 0>. Taakpl`ca Taakpl`ca al rasjrta qua avft` qua l`s `lkjb`mfll`s vfdrah. Fhst`la ljs p`s`mjras qua sjstfahah l`s p`stfll`s p`sàhmjljs ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ah l` pfhz`, l` p`stfll` mal irahj y al cahtrj mal rasjrta p`r` avft`r qua l`s `lkjb`mfll`s vfdrah. @sagura ljs p`s`mjras cjh clfps ma rasjrta.
00. 00. ^rasfjha ^rasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas p`r` qua l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj sa prasfjhah cjhtr` al mfscj mal irahj. Cjkpruada al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al mapósftj. Yarfifqua qua l` lahgüat` fhtarfjr ma l` z`p`t` astæ cjrract`kahta `lfha`m` cjh uh` ma l`s r`hur`s mal pfstóh ma l` pfhz`. 04. 04. Tapft` Tapft` ljs p`sjs `htarfjras ah l` saguhm` ruam`. 03. 03. Fhst`l`r Fhst`l`r l`s ruam`s y d`o`r al cjcba. 0=. 0=. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs.
Taakpl`zj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj tr`sarj ah irahjs ma t`kdjr L` udfc`cfóh ma ljs alakahtjs ma `ousta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj.
0. Al rasjrta mal parhj ma `ousta mal parhj mal ragul`mjr 4. Al rasjrta ma l` d`rr` mal ragul`mjr 3. Tasjrta ma ratjrhj suparfjr =. Alakahtj ma `ousta
@mvartahcf`
@sagÿrasa ma raakpl`z`r tjm`s l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ah al kfskj aoa mal `utjkóvfl, fhclusj sf al lëkfta ma masg`sta b` `lc`hz`mj uh dljqua. Sf sa rafhst`l`h l`s `lkjb`mfll`s, kàrqual`s `htas ma quft`rl`s. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al t`kdjr ma irahj. 4. Jdsarv`hmj 4. Jdsarv`hmj l`s kamfm`s ma prac`ucfóh y sagurfm`m, sagurfm`m, lfkpfa tjmjs ljs r`strjs ma pjlvj mal irahj mal t`kdjr ma irahj, al prjtactjr mal irahj y l`s p`stfll`s. 3. Kfm` 3. Kfm` al grjsjr ma ljs ijrrjs ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah v`rfjs puhtjs. Sf `l kahjs uh` `lkjb`mfll` astà g`st`m` ah cu`lqufar lug`r b`st` al aspasjr këhfkj, raakpl`ca l`s = p`stfll`s ma irahj. =. K`rqua =. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh ma tjmjs ljs cjkpjhahtas mal irahj tr`sarj. Qs`hmj ljs l` pl`c`yma ratahcfóh mal rasjrta prasfjh`hmj l` pl`c` y gfràhmjl` 6>`lfc`tas, ¾. Tatfraratfra ljs rasjrtas ratfra ljs p`s`mjras ma dljquaj.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra uh` p`stfll` ma irahj mal sjpjrta fhiarfjr ma ljs dljquas y mascjhacta al rasjrta ma ratjrhj fhiarfjr. 9. ^rasfjha 9. ^rasfjha `kd`s^`r` p`stfll`s malqua cflfhmrj mal irahj l` ruam` y axtràfg`l`s. Hjmam`ð`r l`s `htar`s. Mascjhacta al c`dla malma irahj ma jk`hj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. avft`r ljs pfstjhas sama c`fg`h mal cflfhmrj ma irahj tr`d`oj, ifoa ljs pfstjhas cjh uh` d`hm` gjk` c`dlama `macu`mj. 7. K`rqua 7. K`rqua l` udfc`cfóh ma l`s pfaz`s mal ragul`mjr ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, ratfra l` p`l`hc` ma `ccfjh`kfahtj mal irahj ma k`hj y mascjhacta al rasjrta ma dljquaj mal parhj ma `ousta ma l` p`rta mal`htar` (ah pjsfcfóh) ma l` p`stfll` ma irahj. Mascjhacta al rasjrta ma ratjrhj suparfjr, sap`ra l` p`stfll` mal irahj mal`htarj y al rasjrta ma ratjrhj ma l` p`stfll` mal irahj tr`sarj. Mascjhacta al rasjrta qua ifo` al ragul`mjr ` l` z`p`t` mal irahj tr`sarj (va` l` ifgur`. ifgur`. Qdfc`cfóh ma ljs alakahtjs ma `ousta ma l` p`stfll` mal irahj irahj ). 2. Taakpl`ca 2. Taakpl`ca tjmjs ljs rasjrtas ma ratjrhj, sfh fkpjrt`r su cjhmfcfóh. 6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj qua ifo` al `oust`mjr ` l` d`rr` ma `ousta y varfifqua su ast`mj. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh ` l`s rjsc`s mal parhj mal ragul`mjr y l` c`r` ma l` ruam` ma `ousta. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l`s d`rr`s ma `ousta fzqufarm` y maracb` hj sjh fhtarc`kdf`dlas. Ljs parhjs ma uh ragul`mjr ma l` ruam` maracb` a fzqufarm` t`kpjcj sjh fhtarc`kdf`dlas. Al parhj ma `ousta ma l` ruam` fzqufarm` tfaha uh` rjsc` fzqufarm` y al parhj ma `ousta ma l` ruam` maracb`qua tfaha uh`l`s rjsc` maracb`. 0>. 0>. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua tjm`s pfaz`s `l ifh`l ma l` d`rr` ma `ousta astæh cjljc`m`s cjrract`kahta, luagj `plfqua uh` paquað` c`htfm`m ma gr`s` cjh uh `ltj puhtj ma iusfóh ` l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ragul`mjr. @tjrhflla l` ruam` ma `ousta ah al parhj mal `oust`mjr p`r` qua b`y` uh paquaðj asp`cfj ahtra l` ruam` y l` c`daz` mal parhj. Fhsarta al parhj ma `ousta ah l` d`rr` ma `ousta. 00. 00. Fhst`la Fhst`la al rasjrta ma ratjrhj ah l` z`p`t` mal irahj tr`sarj (ah pjsfcfóh) ma kjmj qua al g`hcbj ma rasjrta kàs cjrtj astæ cjhact`mj ` l` z`p`t`. Fhst`la l` d`rr` ma `ousta b`st` al ifh`l mal rasjrta. Fhsarta l` d`rr` ma `ousta ah l` r`hur` ma l` z`p`t` mal irahj tr`sarj. 04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la al rasjrta ma ratjrhj suparfjr ah l` z`p`t` mal irahj tr`sarj. Fhst`la al saguhmj axtrakj mal rasjrta ah l` z`p`t` mal irahj mal`htarj y, kjvfæhmjlj, cjljqua l` z`p`t` mal`htar` ma k`har` qua l` c`daz` mal parhj ma `ousta sa ahcuahtra ah l` r`hur`. Maspuæs ma asj, fhsarta al g`hcbj
kjvfæhmjlj, cjljqua l` z`p`t` mal`htar` ma k`har` qua l` c`daz` mal parhj ma `ousta sa ahcuahtra ah l` r`hur`. Maspuæs ma asj, fhsarta al g`hcbj mal rasjrta ma dljquaj ah l` r`hur` ma l` p`stfll` mal irahj mal`htarj. 03. 03. Lav`hta Lav`hta l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ma gjk` mal cflfhmrj mal irahj y varfifqua qua hj b`y` iug`s ah al lëqufmj mal irahj. 0=. 0=. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa pfaz`s irahj tr`sarj. @plfqua cjh uh ludrfc`hta mamal `ltjirahj. puhtj ma iusfóh ` ljs l`s puhtjs mamal cjht`ctj ma l`s p`stfll`s al prjtactjr
01. 01. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua l` p`l`hc` ma uh irahj k`hu`l astæ udfc`m` irahta ` uh djrma ma uh` z`p`t` ma irahj tr`sar`, y ratfra l` d`hm` alàstfc`, ifo`hmj ljs pfstjhas ah al cflfhmrj mal irahj. 09. 09. Astfra Astfra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj a fhst`la sus axtrakjs suparfjras ah al pfstóh mal irahj ma tr`d`oj. Cjhacta al c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj ` l` p`l`hc` mal irahj ma k`hj udfc`m` ah l` z`p`t` mal irahj tr`sarj. Fhst`la al rasjrta ma ratjrhj fhiarfjr ah `kd`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, fhst`la l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l`s p`stfll`s ma sjpjrta. 07. 07. Kjvfahmj Kjvfahmj l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, cæhtral`s ah ral`cfóh cjh al prjtactjr mal irahj. Fhst`la ljs p`s`mjras ma ratahcfóh, ljs rasjrtas y l` pl`c` ma ratahcfóh mal rasjrta. 02. 02. Cjh Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, gfra l` ruam` ma l` d`rr` ma `ousta p`r` qua l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj sa sualtah `htas ma tjc`r al t`kdjr ma irahj. 06. 06. Fhst`la Fhst`la al t`kdjr ma irahj.
4>. 4>. Yualv` Yualv` ` cjljc`r l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l` saguhm` ruam` tr`sar`. 40. 40. Maspuæs Maspuæs raakpl`z`r l`s p`stfll`s `ousta l` sap`r`cfóh ahtra all`s al t`kdjr maascucb`rsa irahj. ^`r`ljs allj, prasfjha al pam`l irahjmav`rf`s vacas. Cu`hmjmaprasfjh` al pam`l mur`htama al irahj, iuhcfjh`kfahtj hjrk`l ma l` d`rr` ma y`ousta, madah clfcs ra`lfz`mjs pjr l`mald`rr` `ousta. 44. 44. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r y, sf as hacas`rfj, `oust`r al irahj ma k`hj. 43. 43. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al sfstak`. Mfscj ma irahj mal`htarj Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Gfra Lav`hta l` p`rta al mal`htar` `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs`kdjs sjpjrtas. Tatfra ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Gfra 4. laht`kahta mfscj malmal irahj p`r` pjmar varlj masma l`mjs. Sf asl`hacas`rfj, ratfra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. Al masg`sta mal mfscj ma irahj ma l`s p`stfll`s mada ast`r mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas `capt`dlas. Sf al masg`sta axcama al lëkfta parkftfmj j sf b`y grfat`s ah al mfscj, al mfscj mada sar raakpl`z`mj. 3. Sf 3. Sf as hacas`rfj, lfkp lfkpfa fa al mfscj mal óxfmj y iraha al pjlvj `lramamjr mal parëkatrj.
=. Qsa =. Qsa uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta p`r` varfifc`r al masg`sta mal mfscj ma irahj. Ifoa al fhmfc`mjr ma mf`l ah cu`lqufar lug`r cjhvahfahta y, gfr`hmj al mf`l, matarkfha su rftkj ah v`rfjs puhtjs masma su cahtrj. Sf al masg`sta mal mfscj axcama ljs lëkftas parkftfmjs, al mfscj mada sar raakpl`z`mj. Sfh akd`rgj, l` c`us` mal masg`sta mal mfscj puama sar uh` i`ll` mal rjm`kfahtj mal cudj.
1. ^`r` 1. ^`r` varfifc`r al rftkj mal l`mj fhtarfjr mal mfscj ma irahj, ratfra al mfscj ma irahj mal cudj, gëralj 02> ¾, vualv` ` cjhact`rlj `l aoa y kfm` su tfakpj cjh uh fhmfc`mjr ma cu`mr`hta. 9. Yarfifqua 9. Yarfifqua qua al mfscj ma irahj hj tahg` grfat`s, aspacf`lkahta `lramamjr ma ljs jrfifcfjs p`r` ljs parhjs ma l`s ruam`s. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla ljs mjs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pfhz` `l cudj. Tatfra l` pfhz` y, utflfz`hmj uh c`dla su`va, àtal` ` l` racapcfóh. Hj maijrka hf astfra l` k`hguar` mal irahj. 4. Cjh 4. Cjh tfz` j pfhtur`, k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh mal mfscj ma irahj ah ral`cfóh cjh al cudj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h al mfscj ma irahj `l cudj y ratfra al mfscj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. ]ahg` 4. ]ahg` ah cuaht` - cjkpruada qualjs l`ssfgufahtas suparifcfaspuhtjs? ma tr`d`oj mal mfscj ma irahj y al cudj astæh lfkpf`s y hj astæh maijrk`m`s5 - @lfhaa l`s atfquat`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta, fhst`la al mfscj ma irahj y suoætalj cjh tjrhflljs, `pratàhmjljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj5 - sf sa fhst`l` uh huavj mfscj ma irahj, luagj, utflfz`hmj uh mfsjlvahta, lfkpfa al ludrfc`hta prjtactjr5 - @htas ma `tjrhfll`r ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` pfhz`, cudr` l`s rjsc`s ma ljs parhjs cjh uh kamfj ma masahrjsc`mj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb)5 - fhst`l`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba5 - prasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas p`r` cjljc`r l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l` pjsfcfóh ma tr`d`oj.
Mfscj ma irahj tr`sarj Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 0>.7 . 3. Fhspaccfjha 3. Fhspaccfjha al mfscj cjkj sa mascrfda ah l` l` sudsaccfóh 0>.7 Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` k`hguar` mal irahj mal clfp ma ratahcfóh udfc`mj ah l` p`rta irjht`l mal cudj.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pfhz`.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` t`p` prjtactjr` mal c`squfllj guë`.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal p`s`mjr guë`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` pfhz` mal mfscj ma irahj y, cjh uh c`dla su`va, àtal` `l rasjrta ma suspahsfóh. Hj mjdla hf astfra l` k`hguar` mal irahj.
9. Cjh 9. Cjh tfz` j pfhtur`, k`rqua l` udfc`cfóh mal mfscj ah ral`cfóh cjh al cudj. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h al mfscj `l cudj (fhmfc`mj pjr l`s ilacb`s).
7. Yarfifqua 7. Yarfifqua qua al irahj ma k`hj astæ cjkplat`kahta lfdar`mj y ratfra al mfscj mal irahj mal vabëculj. Sf al mfscj tjm`vë` astà suoatj pjr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj,
`uhqua sa sualta al irahj ma k`hj, mas`tjrhflla al `oust`mjr mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj.
Fhst`l`cfóh Fhst`l`cfóh @htas ma fhst`l`r l` ruam`, `ousta l`s p`stfll`s mal irahj ma k`hj. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sal`s ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj alfkfh`cfóh. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj malmamfscj ma irahj y al cudj astæh lfkpf`s y hj maijrk`m`s. 3. Cjkdfh` 3. Cjkdfh` l`s atfquat`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta. =. Qsa =. Qsa sjlvahta p`r` rakjvar l` palëcul` prjtactjr` mal mfscj.
1. 1. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa l`s rjsc`s p`r` al c`lfdr`mjr y ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal p`s`mjr ma guë` y cÿdr`ljs cjh uh `gahta `htf`iljo`kfahtj.
9. Kjht`r 9. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas p`r` qua l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj astæh ah l` pjsfcfóh ma tr`d`oj. ]`kdjr ma irahj tr`sarj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h al t`kdjr ma irahj `l cudj. 3. Yarfifqua 3. Yarfifqua qua al irahj ma k`hj astæ cjkplat`kahta lfdar`mj y ratfra al t`kdjr ma irahj mal vabëculj. Al t`kdjr puama ast`r k`l ratfr`mj mal cudj
madfmj ` l` cjrrjsfóh mal cudj j madfmj `l bacbj ma qua astà suoatj pjr l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. Ah al prfkar c`sj, gjlpaa al parëkatrj mal t`kdjr cjh uh k`rtfllj ma plàstfcj j uh k`zj ma k`mar` p`r` axtr`ar al t`kdjr mal cudj. Ah al saguhmj c`sj, `sagÿrasa ma qua al irahj ma k`hj astæ cjkplat`kahta lfdar`mj y sfg` astjs p`sjs. =. @iljoa =. @iljoa cjkplat`kahta al `oust`mjr mal al c`dla mal(@) irahj ast`cfjh`kfahtj k`xfkfz`r l` masvf`cfóh mal c`dla. Tatfra t`póh ma ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr malp`r` prjtactjr mal irahj (al t`póh suala sar `zul) y, y , cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, mastjrhfll`mjr, kuav` l` p`l`hc` mal irahj ma k`hj ` l` z`p`t` mal irahj b`st` qua sa matahg`. Astj alfkfh`rà l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj mal t`kdjr ma irahj, cjh al rasult`mj ma qua al t`kdjr sa puama quft`r iàcflkahta mal cudj.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh cufm`mj, lfkpfa l` suparifcfa fhtarh` mal t`kdjr ma irahj mal pjlvj y l` sucfam`m ma ljs irahjs.
4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l` suparifcfa axtarfjr mal t`kdjr ma irahj y cjkpruada sf b`y sfghjs avfmahtas ma masg`sta j m`ðjs, l` prasahcf` ma grfat`s `lramamjr ma ljs jrfifcfjs ma ljs parhjs ma mal l`s t`kdjr ruam`s.Taakpl`ca t`kdjr sf as mal hacas`rfj. 3. Cjkpruada 3. Cjkpruada al fhtarfjr ma irahj. L`als`lfm` kahjr t`kdjr ma ljs p`ms as hjrk`l. =. Kfm` =. Kfm` l` suparifcfa fhtarh` ma tr`d`oj mal t`kdjr ah v`rfjs lug`ras. Cjkp`r` ljs rasult`mjs ma l`s kamfm`s. Sf ljs rasult`mjs mfifarah ahtra së, ahtjhcas al t`kdjr as jv`l. Sf al t`k`ðj kàxfkj kamfmj mal mfàkatrj fhtarfjr mal t`kdjr astà mahtrj ma ljs lëkftas `capt`dlas, mada pulfrsa. Sf al masg`sta mal t`kdjr axcama ljs lëkftas parkftfmjs, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r ljs t`kdjras ma irahj ah `kd`s ruam`s tr`sar`s. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @l 0. @l fhst`l`r uh huavj t`kdjr ma irahj, usa uh sjlvahta p`r` quft`rla l` palëcul` prjtactjr`. Sf as hacas`rfj, ramuzc` l` ljhgftum ma l` d`rr` ma `ousta ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj gfr`hmj l` ruam` ma `ousta ma l` ruam`. 4. Cjkpruada 4. Cjkpruada qua l` p`l`hc` mal irahj ma k`hj astæ udfc`m` ah al l`mj jpuastj mal djrma ma l` p`stfll` mal irahj y qua l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj mal t`kdjr ma irahj y al cudj astæh lfkpf`s y sac`s. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al t`kdjr ma irahj ah al cudj y `sagÿralj cjh tjrhflljs, `pratàhmjljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. ^rasfjha =. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas p`r` `ctfv`r al kac`hfskj ma `ousta ma asp`cfj ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj. 1. @ousta 1. @ousta al c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj.
9. Kjht`r 9. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. ^fhz` ma irahj mal`htarj @mvartahcf` Ah vabëculjs aqufp`mjs aqufp`mjs cjh @DS, mascjhacta l` d`tarë` `htas ma mascjhact`r mascjhact`r cu`lqufar cjhaxfóh bfmràulfc` bfmràulfc` `l sfstak` ma irahjs y vualv` ` cjhact`r c jhact`r l` d`tarë` sjlj maspuæs ma b`dar cjhact`mj cjkplat`kahta tjmjs ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` bfmràulfcj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Qs`hmj 4. Qs`hmj l` `dr`z`mar` ah G, `prfata l` k`hguar` mal irahj.
3. 3. Lfkpfa Lfkpfa al àra` `lramamjr mal `cjpl`kfahtj ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj y l` pfhz`. @iljoa l` cjhaxfóh. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj (fhmfc`mj pjr l`s ilacb`s).
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs suparfjras a fhiarfjras ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh mamj ma mfraccfóh ma uh sjpjrta. @l kfskj tfakpj, p`r` avft`r qua su mamj gfra, usa uh` ll`va malg`m`. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra uh sjpjrta ma uh mfscj ma irahj, masahrjsqua uh sjpjrta ma uh` k`hguar` ma irahj. Tap`r`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa cufm`mjs`kahta l` pfhz` ma irahj mal pjlvj y l` sucfam`m ma ljs irahjs. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al pfstóh ma l` c`rc`s` ma l` pfhz` y ratfra al sallj cjhtr` al pjlvj.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr paquaðj, ratfra l` ouht` tórfc` mal pfstóh. @l b`carlj, tahg` kucbj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al jrfifcfj mal pfstóh ah l` pfhz`. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa cjkplat`kahta tjm`s l`s pfaz`s cjh `lcjbjl katëlfcj (fsjprjpëlfcj) j cjh uh lëqufmj aspacf`l p`r` lfkpf`r al sfstak` ma irahjs bfmràulfcjs. Hj utflfca g`sjlfh` u jtrjs mfsjlvahtas qua cjrrj`h l`s ouht`s tórfc`s ma gjk`. Qs`hmj `fra cjkprfkfmj, saqua tjm`s l`s p`rtas y sjpla ` tr`væs ma ljs c`h`las ah l` pfhz`. 1. Fhspaccfjha 1. Fhspaccfjha tjm`s l`s pfaz`s ah dusc` ma masg`sta y m`ðjs. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh `l ast`mj ma l`s suparifcfas ma tr`d`oj mal cflfhmrj y al pfstóh. Sf astàh r`y`mjs j tfahah sfghjs avfmahtas ma masg`sta, raakpl`ca al cjhouhtj ma l` pfhz`. 9. Ljs 9. Ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj ma gjk` y ljs salljs ma prjtaccfóh madah sar raakpl`z`mjs. 7. @htas 7. @htas mal kjht`oa, `sagÿrasa ma qua tjm`s l`s pfaz`s astæh lfkpf`s y sac`s. 2. Ludrfqua 2. Ludrfqua al cflfhmrj ma l` pfhz`, al pfstóh y l` huav` ouht` tórfc` cjh lëqufmj ma irahjs lfkpfj. 6. Cjh 6. Cjh ljs mamjs, fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ah al cflfhmrj ma l` pfhz`. 0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj ah al pfstóh ma kjmj qua al mfàkatrj fhtarfjr ma l` cudfart` ahc`oa ah l` r`hur` mal pfstóh. 00. 00. Fhsarta Fhsarta al pfstóh ah l` pfhz` a fhsarta sfkultàha`kahta al djrma axtarfjr ma l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj ah l` pfhz` b`st` qua ahc`oa. Sf sa raakpl`z`h ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`, ahgràsaljs cjh gr`s` aspacf`l a fhst`la cudfart`s prjtactjr`s ah l`s r`hur`s ma ljs p`s`mjras ma guë`. 04. 04. Fhsarta Fhsarta ljs p`s`mjras ma guë` ah l` pfhz` y cjljqua l` p`rta axta axtarfjr rfjr ma l` cudfart` ah l`s r`hur`s. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh @mvartahcf`
Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma uh sjpjrta ah su lug`r, utflfz`r huavjs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma uh mamj ma mfraccfóh. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @tjrhflla 0. @tjrhflla l` pfhz` ah l` k`hguar` mal irahj. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua qua l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj astæh cjljc`m`s cjrract`kahta ah al sjpjrta ma l` pfhz` a fhst`la l` pfhz` p`s`hmj al c`dla mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ma l` pfhz`. 3. Cudr` 3. Cudr` l` rjsc` ma ljs parhjs mal p`s`mjr ma guë` cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb), `tjrhflla al parhj ah al p`s`mjr ma guë` fhiarfjr, prasfjha l` pfhz` y `tjrhflla al parhj ah al p`s`mjr ma guë` suparfjr. @prfata ljs mjs parhjs `l p`r aspacfifc`mj. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l c`dla mal sahsjr ma masg`sta ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al clfp ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj y purgua al sfstak` ma irahjs. 9. Kjht`r 9. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. Sjpjrta ma l` ruam` tr`sar` @mvartahcf`
Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh @DS, mascjhacta l` d`tarë` `htas ma cu`lqufar mascjhaxfóh mal sfstak` ma irahjs y vualv` ` cjhact`rl` maspuæs ma cjhact`r cjkplat`kahta ljs cjkpjhahtas mal sfstak` ma irahjs. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. 3. Qs`hmj 3. Qs`hmj l` `dr`z`mar` ah G, `prfata l` k`hguar` mal irahj. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa l` sucfam`m `lramamjr mal tudj mal irahj y l` cjhaxfóh ma l` pfhz`. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y mascjhacta al tudj mal irahj ma l` pfhz`. ]`pa al tudj mal irahj y al jrfifcfj ah l` pfhz`. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pfhz`, ratfra l` c`daz` prjtactjr` mal k`hguftj ma guë` y masahrjsqua al parhj mal p`s`mjr ma guë`. Tatfra l` pfhz`. Tap`r`cfóh Tap`r`cfóh L`
rap`r`cfóh
mal
c`lfdr`mjr
tr`sarj
as
sfkfl`r
`
l`
rap`r`cfóh
mal
c`lfdr`mjr
mal`htarj
(cjhsulta
l` sudsaccfóh l`
0>.0> 0>.0> ). ).
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s rjsc`s ma ljs parhjs ma guë` y cÿdr`ljs cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb). 4. 4. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh sjpjrta y `tjrhfll`r ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma uh mamj ma mfraccfóh, `prat`hmj su kjkahtj axfgfmj.
3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al c`daz`l ma prjtaccfóh ah ljs k`hguftjs ma guë`. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al tudj mal irahj ` l` pfhz` y `prfata l` tuarc` ma cjhaxfóh `l p`r raquarfmj. Tatfra al clfp ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. 9. Alfkfh`r 9. Alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma irahjs. 7. Kjht`r 7. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. Cflfhmrj ma irahj tr`sarj
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al t`kdjr ma irahj. 4. Qs`hmj 4. Qs`hmj al clfp ah G, prasfjha l` k`hguar` mal irahj ah l` udfc`cfóh kàs carc`h` `l cflfhmrj mal irahj.
3. Cjh 3. Cjhmauh`s pfhz`s mamal puht` pl`h`, ratfra ma l`s tr`d`oj. z`p`t`s ma irahj ma cjkprasfóh suparfjras mal rasjrta. Tatfra ljs axtrakjs suparfjras ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ljs pfstjhas cflfhmrj ma irahj =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` sucfam`m `lramamjr ma l` cjhaxfóh ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj y l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal cflfhmrj ma irahj ma tr`d`oj.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma uhfóh. ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, tjka uh tudj ma irahj mal cflfhmrj ma irahj ma tr`d`oj.Cfærr`lj cjh `t`scjs ma tràifcj.
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla 4 tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal cflfhmrj ma irahj ma tr`d`oj ` uh` t`dl` ma irahjs. ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra al cflfhmrj ma irahj ma tr`d`oj. 7. Sf 7. Sf al cflfhmrj mal irahj astà maiactujsj, mada raakpl`z`rsa cjkplat`kahta, pjrqua L`s pfaz`s hj sa sukfhfstr`h p`r` allj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjkpruada 0. Cjkpruada qua l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal prjtactjr mal irahj y al cflfhmrj mal irahj ma tr`d`oj astæh lfkpfjs. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r al cflfhmrj mal irahj. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al tudj mal irahj ah al cflfhmrj mal irahj y `tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma cjhaxfóh 4–3 vualt`s.
3. @tjrhflla 3. @tjrhflla ljs 4 parhjs ma suoacfóh mal cflfhmrj ma irahj ma tr`d`oj `l prjtactjr ma irahj y `prfætaljs cjh al kjkahtj raquarfmj. Ifh`lkahta, `prfata l` tuarc` qua suoat` al tudj mal irahj `l cflfhmrj mal irahj ma tr`d`oj. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al clfp ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` p`rta suparfjr ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l`s r`hur`s mal pfstóh mal irahj. Fhst`la al rasjrta ma ratjrhj ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj suparfjr. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al t`kdjr ma irahj. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al `fra mal sfstak` ma irahjs. Cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, p`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj, ratfra al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra `l ifltrj ma `fra. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al t`póh ma uh t`hqua mal cflfhmrj ma irahj prfhcfp`l, al ifltrj y axtr`fg` al lëqufmj mal t`hqua. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma hfval ma lëqufmj ma irahjs. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y ratfra al p`s`mjr ma kjht`oa mal mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs. Tatfra al t`hqua mal cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahjs y ratfra l`s ouht`s tórfc`s ma l`s vaht`h`s mal cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahjs. Sf l`s ouht`s tórfc`s sjh maiactujs`s, madah sar raakpl`z`m`s.
=. Alfkfha =. Alfkfha l` sucfam`m ma l`s ouht`s ma ljs tudjs ma irahj `l cflfhmrj ma irahj prfhcfp`l, cjljqua uh tr`pj mad`oj ma ljs lug`ras ma l`s cjhaxfjhas p`r` racjgar al lëqufmj irahjs ma quasuoacfóh sa ifltró.Mas`tjrhflla tuarc`s qua suoat`h ljs tudjsmamav`cëj irahjma`lljs cflfhmrj k`astrj irahj. k`astrj mal irahj mal 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l`s 4matuarc`s mal cflfhmrj mall`sirahj prfhcfp`l `l `kplfifc`mjr irahjs. Tatfra ma al cflfhmrj cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tap`r`cfóh Tap`r`cfóh L` rap`r`cfóh mal cflfhmrj mal irahj prfhcfp`l sjlj puama ra`lfz`rsa ah prasahcf` ma uh eft ma rap`r`cfóh ma pfaz`s. Cu`hmj rap`ra al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj, prasta `tahcfóh ` l` udfc`cfóh ma tjmjs ljs alakahtjs p`r` rafhst`l`rljs ah su lug`r. Cu`hmj kjhta al cflfhmrj k`astrj, ludrfqua tjm`s l`s pfaz`s y ouht`s tórfc`s cjh lëqufmj ma irahjs lfkpfj. Tap`ra al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj ma `cuarmj cjh l`s fhstruccfjhas `mouht`s ` l`s pfaz`s mal eft ma rap`r`cfóh. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @htas 0. @htas ma f hst`l`r al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj ah su lug`r, varfifqua l` mfst`hcf` masma al axtrakj mal akpuo`mjr mal fkpulsjr ma v`cëj b`st` l` suparifcfa ma cjht`ctj mal cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj, qua mada sar ma 44,3 ° >,0 kk. 4. Alfkfha 4. Alfkfha tjmjs ljs r`strjs ma sucfam`m ma l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal cflfhmrj mal irahj k`astrj y al sarvjirahj y varfifqua qua al `hfllj ma sall`mj astæ fhst`l`mj cjrract`kahta ah l` p`rta mal cflfhmrj mal irahj k`astrj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj ahtr`sar` al raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj ma kjmj qua al akpuo`mjr mal fkpulsjr ma v`cëj ahc`oa ah al jrfifcfj mal cflfhmrj mal irahj prfhcfp`l ax`ct`kahta ah al cahtrj.@tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h al cflfhmrj mal irahj `l raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj y `prfætal`s `l p`r raquarfmj. =. Lfkpfa =. Lfkpfa ljs k`hguftjs ma l` lëha` ma irahj a fhstàlaljs ah al cflfhmrj k`astrj ma irahj. @prat`r l`s tuarc`s ma cjhaxfóh cjh al p`r raquarfmj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l`s ouht` o uht`ss tórfc`s ah l `s vaht`h`s mal cflfhmrj mal irahj prfhcfp`l a fhst`la f hst`la al mapósftj ma lëqufmj ma irahjs ah al cflfhmrj mal irahj. @sagura al t`hqua cjh al p`s`mjr y al sjpjrta. 9. Llaha 9. Llaha uh t`hqua cjh lëqufmj ma irahjs huavj y purgua al `fra mal sfstak` ma irahjs. ^am`l ma irahj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal dljqua ma ll`va, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al djrma fhiarfjr mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y ratfra al p`s`mjr cjh l` c`daz` y al jrfifcfj mal p`s`mjr, `sagur`hmj al akpuo`mjr mal pam`l mal irahj cjh uh raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` mal parhj ma l` dfs`gr` y ratfra al pam`l mal irahj mal vabëculj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua l` ouht` cjh gr`s` uhfvars`l a fhsærtal` ah al jrfifcfj mal puhtj ma pfvjta mal pam`l. 4. Yualv` 4. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r al pam`l mal irahj. @l kfskj tfakpj, cjkpruada qua al akpuo`mjr b` c`ëmj ah su lug`r. Fhsarta al parhj ma pfvjta y `sagÿralj cjh l` tuarc`. 3. @lfhaa 3. @lfhaa al pam`l cjh al akpuo`mjr a fhsarta al p`s`mjr cjh l` c`daz` y al jrfifcfj mal p`s`mjr ma cb`vat` y `sagÿralj cjh sjpjrtas. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` kjlmur` fhiarfjr ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. Taiuarzj ma irahj ma v`cëj Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^rasfjha 0. ^rasfjha al pam`l mal irahj v`rf`s vacas kfahtr`s al kjtjr hj astà iuhcfjh`hmj p`r` cra`r l` kfsk` prasfóh (carc` ma l` `tkjsiærfc`) ah l`s
c`vfm`mas mal raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj. 4. @l 4. @l kfskj tfakpj, ` p`rtfr ma l` iuarz` `plfc`m` `l pam`l, matarkfha sf al cuarpj ma l` vàlvul` astà `t`sc`mj. 3. Matahg` 3. Matahg` al pam`l mal irahj ` l` kft`m ma su racjrrfmj y `rr`hqua al kjtjr. Cjh al raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj `macu`mj, al pam`l mal irahj mada `v`hz`r maspuæs `rr`hqua mal l` kjtjr. Sf al ma pam`l hj `v`hz`,y varfifqua l` cjhaxfóh ma l` puht` ma l` k`hguar`, al ast`mj ma cjhaxfóh ma l` drfm` ma l` puht` ahmal al `kplfifc`mjr, cjhmfcfóh l` k`hguar` l` cjhaxfóh. =. Ah =. Ah vabëculjs cjh kjtjras mfasal, t`kdfæh varfifqua al rahmfkfahtj ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj. 4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` y mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ma l` vàlvul` ma uh` vë` mal sarvjirahj. Ah al b`dftàculj, ratfra l` t`p` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal dljqua ma ll`va, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra al djrma fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y ratfra al p`s`mjr cjh l` c`daz` y al jrfifcfj mal p`s`mjr, `sagur`hmj al akpuo`mjr mal pam`l mal irahj `l sarvj mal irahj. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s, suoat`hmj al `kplfifc`mjr ma v`cëj ` uh` p`rtfcfóh ma uh cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, tókalj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @htas 0. @htas ma fhst`l`r al raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj, kfm` l` mfst`hcf` masma al axtrakj mal akpuo`mjr mal fkpulsjr ma v`cëj b`st` l` suparifcfa ma `cjpl`kfahtj mal cflfhmrj k`astrj qua mada sar ma 44.3 ° >.0 kk. 4. @sagÿrasa 4. @sagÿrasa ma quama l` irahj, ouht` astæ cjrract`kahta fhst`l`m` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj, luagj fhst`la al raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 3. Yarfifqua 3. Yarfifqua qua al akpuo`mjr astæ cjrract`kahta cjkdfh`mj cjh uh pam`l ma irahj, luagj `tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma suoacfóh mal `kplfifc`mjr ma v`cëj y `prfætal`s cjh al kjkahtj raquarfmj. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa al pam`l cjh al akpuo`mjr, fhsarta al p`s`mjr cjh l` c`daz` y al jrfifcfj mal p`s`mjr ma cb`vat` y `sagÿralj cjh ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. Fhst`la al s`lpfc`marj fhiarfjr. 1. Cjhacta 1. Cjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ` l` vàlvul` ma uh` vë` y `sagÿral` cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al cflfhmrj k`astrj mal irahj y purgua al sfstak` ma irahjs. Yàlvul` ma irahj ma v`cëj m maa uh` sjl sjl`` vë` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` y mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ma l` vàlvu v àlvul` l` ma uh` vë` mal sarvjirahj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` vàlvul` ma l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk`, gfràhmjl` gfràhmjl` b`cf` ljs l`mjs y sjrdfæhm sjrdfæhmjl` jl` b`cf` ustam.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` `r`hmal` ma gjk` mal irahj sarvj. Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Yarfifqua 0. Yarfifqua qua l` vàlvul` ma uh` vë` hj astæ m`ð`m`. L` vàlvul` sa puama cjhtrjl`r sjpl`hmj ah mjs mfraccfjhas. Al `fra mada p`s`r ` tr`væs ma l` vàlvul` sjlj masma al l`mj l `mj mal sarvjirahj. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua qua al `hfllj ma gjk` y l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj hj astæh masg`st`mjs hf m`ð`mjs. Taakpl`ca sf as hacas`rfj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` `r`hma `r`hmal` l` ma gjk` ah al sarvjirahj. 4. Fhsarta 4. Fhsarta l` vàlvul` ma uh` vë` ah al raijrz`mjr ma v`cëj. ]ahg` cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al jo`l ma gjk`. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta uh` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ` l` vàlvul` y `sagÿral` cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`. =. @rr`hqua =. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y varfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal sarvjirahj. @ousta ma irahj ma k`hj KJMALJS CJH ITAHJS MA ]@KDJT ]T@SATJ ]T@SATJ
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` ahtra prjd`rl`sal p`stfll`s `ousta mal suæltalj pjr cjkplatj, pam`lvacas mal irahj p`r` ast`dlacar uh asp`cfj tr`d`oj hjrk`l mairahj irahjma y alk`hj, t`kdjr, y prasfjha al irahj prasfjha ma k`hj al v`rf`s p`r` v`rf`s fhst`l`rvacas cjrract`kahta al kac`hfskj mama `ousta `utjkàtfcj mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` cjkprjd`r qua al `ousta as cjrractj, `prfata l` p`l`hc` mal irahj ma k`hj b`st` al tjpa y cuahta al hÿkarj ma clfcs, qua madah sar 0> –00. Sf al hÿkarj ma clfcs as mfiarahta mal aspacfifc`mj, as hacas`rfj ra`lfz`r al `ousta ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. 3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. =. ^`r` =. ^`r` `ccamar `l `oust`mjr mal irahj ma k`hj, masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs y ratfra l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc`. 1. Sualta 1. Sualta cjkplat`kahta l` p`l`hc` mal irahj ma k`hj, `iljoa l` cjhtr`tuarc`.
9. @l 9. @l gfr`r l` parfll` ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj mal kac`hfskj, ast`dlazc` al
asp`cfj lfdra (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) ahtra >,1 y 0 kk ahtra al c`dla mal`htarj y maracbj pjstarfjr. @prat`r l` cjhtr`tuarc`.
7. Yarfifqua 7. Yarfifqua al `ousta ma uh irahj k`hu`l, cjht`hmj uh` c`htfm`m ma clfcs ma l` p`l`hc`. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` p`ht` p`ht`ll` ll` tærkfc` y d`oa al `utj. KJMALJS CJH ITAHJS MA MFSCJ ]T@SATJ ]T@SATJ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` cjkprjd`r al `ousta ma uh irahj k`hu`l `prat`r cjkplat`kahta su p`l`hc`. 4. Cuahta 4. Cuahta al hÿkarj ma clfcs pjr al trfhquata. Cjh uh irahj ma k`hj cjrract`kahta `oust`mj, al `prfata tjt`l sa prjmuca cjh uh clfc ma 9 ` 7. @ousta ma z`p`t` ma irahj irahj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s mjs ruam`s tr`sar`s. Cjh `lfc`tas, ratfra ma al t`póh ma irahj, qua `dra al uhjs `ccasj `l `oust`mjr irahjs.ma l` p`rta mal`htar` mal mfscj
4. Gfr`hmj 4. Gfr`hmj uh mfscj ma irahj, ast`dlazc` uh` `dartur` p`r` al `ousta irahta ` uh ragul`mjr ma dljquas ma uh irahj k`hu`l. 3. @sagÿrasa 3. @sagÿrasa ma qua al irahj ma k`hj astæ cjkplat`kahta lfdar`mj, luagj fhsarta uh mastjrhfll`mjr ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ma `ousta y masahg`hcba cjkplat`kahta l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj mal irahj ma k`hj gfr`hmj al `hfllj ma `ousta.
=. Maspuæs =. Maspuæs ma qua al mfscj sa iraha pjr cjkplatj cjh l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, gfra al `hfllj ma `ousta ah l` mfraccfóh jpuast` jpuast` ma 1 ` 9 mfahtas, cjkj rasult`m rasult`mj j ma llj j cu`l al mfscj ma irahj mada gfr`r lfdrakahta.
1. Ast`dlazc` 1. Ast`dlazc` al tjpa carr`hmj uh` `dartur` ma `ousta ah uh mfscj ma irahj. 9. Tapft` 9. Tapft` ljs p`sjs p`r` `oust`r al asp`cfj lfdra ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj ah l` saguhm` ruam`. 7. Ast`dlacar 7. Ast`dlacar ruam`s y `oust`r uh c`dla ma uh irahj k`hu`l. ^`l`hc` ma irahj ma k`hj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Lfdara 4. Lfdara cjkplat`kahta l` p`l`hc` ma uh irahj k`hu`l y masahrjsqua uh ragul`mjr p`r` lfdar`r cjkplat`kahta al c`dla ma uh irahj k`hu`l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal fhtarruptjr ma l` làkp`r` ma `l`rk` ma `ctfv`cfóh mal irahj ma k`hj. 1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al c`dla ma uh irahj k`hu`l ma l` p`l`hc`, masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s ma suoacfóh ma l` p`l`hc` y sàqualj mal `utjkóvfl. Fhst`l`cfóh L` L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. C`dla ma irahj ma k`hj Al c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj cjhst` ma 3 p`rtas? l` p`rta mal`htar`, qua fhcluya al kac`hfskj ma `ousta, l`s p`rtas tr`sar`s maracb` a fzqufarm`, qua cjhact`h ljs irahjs tr`sarjs cjh al kac`hfskj ma `ousta ah al c`dla mal`htarj. C`m` p`rta sa puama quft`r pjr sap`r`mj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj ^@T]A MAL@H]AT@ MAL ITAHJ K@HQ@L K@HQ@L JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` y `iljoa al `oust`mjr p`r` `iljo`r al c`dla mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj t`htj cjkj sa` pjsfdla. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. =. Lfdara =. Lfdara cjkplat`kahta al irahj k`hu`l y mascjhacta al c`dla ma uh irahj k`hu`l ma l` p`l`hc`. Sualta l` iuhm` mal c`dla ma ljs sjpjrtas y `t`mur`s. 1. Masma 1. Masma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl, mascjhacta al c`dla tr`sarj maracbj mal `oust`mjr ma c`dla mal`htarj. Mastjrhflla al `oust`mjr y mascjhacta al c`dla tr`sarj mal irahj ma k`hj fzqufarmj. 9. Sualta 9. Sualta al c`dla irjht`l ma ljs sjpjrtas y ljs `k`rras y axtràfg`lj ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. ^@T]A ]T@SAT@ MAL C@DLA MA ITAHJ K@HQ@L (KJMALJ CJH ITAHJS MA ]@KDJT) ]@KDJT) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` y `iljoa al `oust`mjr p`r` `iljo`r al c`dla mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj t`htj cjkj sa` pjsfdla. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al t`kdjr ma irahj tr`sarj `prjpf`mj. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj ma l` p`l`hc` ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj y ratfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal prjtactjr mal irahj. 1. Sualta 1. Sualta al c`dla ma ljs sjpjrtas ma ifo`cfóh ah tjm` l` ljhgftum. Mascjhacta al c`dla tr`sarj maracbj mal kac`hfskj ma `ousta y masahrjsqua al c`dla tr`sarj fzqufarmj. Tatër`ljs ma mad`oj mal cjcba.
^@T]A ]T@SAT@ MAL C@DLA MA ITAHJ K@HQ@L (KJMALJ CJH ITAHJ MA MFSCJ) MFSCJ) JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` y `iljoa al `oust`mjr p`r` `iljo`r al c`dla mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj t`htj cjkj sa` pjsfdla. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s p`stfll`s mal irahj ma k`hj. Mascjhacta al kac`hfskj ma `ccfjh`kfahtj mal irahj ma k`hj mal axtrakj mal c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` iuhm` mal c`dla mal prjtactjr mal irahj.
1. Sualta 1. Sualta al c`dla ma ljs sjpjrtas.
9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al c`dla tr`sarj maracbj mal kac`hfskj ma `ousta.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla al c`dla tr`sarj fzqufarmj. Tatfra ljs c`dlas ma mad`oj mal cjcba.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ^`stfll`s ma irahj ma k`hj (kjmaljs cjh irahj ma mfscj) Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al mfscj ma irahj y k`rqua l` udfc`cfóh ma tjm`s l`s pfaz`s mal irahj ma k`hj. 4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh` ll`va aspacf`l, `prfata al rasjrta ma ratahcfóh suparfjr ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj, gëralj 6> ¾ y axtràfg`lj mal prjtactjr mal irahj.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al rasjrta ma ratjrhj ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj suparfjr.
=. Sualta =. Sualta y ratfra al ragul`mjr.
1. Lfdara 1. Lfdara l` z`p`t` suparfjr mal kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh y ratfra al rasjrta ma ratjrhj ma l` z`p`t` mal irahj fhiarfjr.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al rasjrta ma ratahcfóh fhiarfjr ma uh` z`p`t` ma irahj y ratfra al dljqua ma uh irahj k`hu`l.
7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta (ilacb`) uh c`dla ma uh irahj k`hu`l mal kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh
ma l`s z`p`t`s ma irahj.
2. Cjkprjd`r 2. Cjkprjd`r al ast`mj y al matarfjrj ma l`s z`p`t`s ma irahj ma uh irahj k`hu`l. Al grjsjr këhfkj mal ijrrj ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj as ma 0 kk. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma ljs dljquas as hacas`rfj us`r ljs huavjs rasjrtas ratjrh`d ratjrh`dlas. las.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s pfaz`s mal irahj tr`sarj. @plfqua uh ludrfc`hta ma `ltj puhtj ma iusfóh ` ljs puhtjs ma cjht`ctj ma l`s p`stfll`s cjh al prjtactjr mal irahj.
4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua qua al kac`hfskj ma lfdar`cfóh ma l` z`p`t` ma irahj astæ cjrract`kahta ahs`kdl`mj, luagj cjhæctalj `l axtrakj mal c`dla mal irahj ma k`hj.
3. Ast`dlazc` 3. Ast`dlazc` al dljqua fhiarfjr ma uh irahj k`hu`l y ifoa su rasjrta ma ifo`cfóh.
=. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al dljqua suparfjr y al rasjrta ma ratjrhj fhiarfjr. Yarfifqua qua l` p`stfll` ma irahj suparfjr astæ fhst`l`m` cjrract`kahta y `sagÿral` cjh
uh rasjrta ma ratahcfóh. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al ragul`mjr ahtra l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. Fhst`la al `g`rra ma rasjrta ma ratjrhj suparfjr ah al dljqua fhiarfjr, luagj ah al dljqua suparfjr. 9. Cahtra 9. Cahtra l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s p`stfll`s ma irahj. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la al mfscj ma irahj. Yàlvul` ma cjhtrjl cjhtrjl ma prasf prasfóh óh ma irahj Ah l` k`yjrë` ma ljs kjmaljs, l` vàlvul` ma cjhtrjl ma prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma irahjs astà udfc`m` ah al `ctu`mjr bfmràulfcj ah c`m` irahj tr`sarj. L` vàlvul` astà fhst`l`m` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr tr`sar` mal `utjkóvfl y astà suoat` `l rasjrta ma suspahsfóh tr`sar` ma l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr`. L` vàlvul` sa cjhtrjl` kamf`hta al kjvfkfahtj mal ast`dflfz`mjr y ragul` l` prasfóh bfmràulfc` ah ljs irahjs tr`sarjs p`r` avft`r qua l`s ruam`s sa `t`squah mur`hta al irah`mj iuarta. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs cjh irahjs ma t`kdjr tr`sarjs, l`s vàlvul`s sa cjkdfh`h cjh ljs cflfhmrjs ma irahj ma tr`d`oj. Yarfifc`cfóh Yarfifc`cfóh ^`r` varfifc`r al rahmfkfahtj ma l`s vàlvul`s ma cjhtrjl ma prasfóh ah al sfstak` ma irahjs, mada us`r aqufpj aspacf`l. ^jr lj t`htj, astjs tr`d`ojs madah ra`lfz`rsa sjlj ah l` ast`cfóh ma sarvfcfj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas.
4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa al àra` `lramamjr ma l`s cjhaxfjhas (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l`s tudarë`s ah l` vàlvul`.@plfqua k`rc`s ma fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh ah l` vàlvul` y l` tudarë`.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma cjhaxfóh y mascjhacta ljs tudjs ma irahj ma l` vàlvul`.ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` vàlvul` (0), mascjhacta al rasjrta mal =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla `ctu`mjr ma l` vàlvul` (4) ma l` suspahsfóh y ratfra l` vàlvul` ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa cjkplat`kahta l` vàlvul` ragul`mjr` ragul`mjr` ma l` prasfóh mal irahj y ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s ma ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` vàlvul` cjh uh `gahta `htf`iljo`kfahtj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb). 4. Yualv` 4. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l` vàlvul` y cjhacta al rasjrta ma cjhtrjl ma l` vàlvul`. @prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` vàlvul` `l p`r raquarfmj. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta ljs tudjs ma irahj ` l` vàlvu v àlvul` l` y `oÿstaljs `oÿstaljs cjh l`s tuarc`s ma cjhaxfóh. cjhaxfóh. =. Alfkfh`r =. Alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma irahjs. Fhtarruptjr ma luz ma irahj Al fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma irahj sa ahcuahtr` ah al sjpjrta mal pam`l ma irahj. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc` b`y 4 fhtarruptjras udfc`mjs ah al sjpjrta mal pam`l ma irahj. Ma astjs, quam` al fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma irahj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal dljqua ma ll`va. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al djrma fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Al `ccasj `l fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma irahj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) as kuy mfiëcfl y puama kaojr`rsa sf ratfr` l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
=. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, masahrjsqua al fhtarruptjr y axtràfg`lj mal sjpjrta. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @tjrhflla 0. @tjrhflla al fhtarruptjr ma l` luz ma irahj ah al sjpjrta ma kjmj qua al asp`cfj ahtra al axtrakj ma l` c`o` mal fhtarruptjr y l` prjyaccfóh ah al pam`l mal irahj sa` ma 4-3 kk. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l fhtarruptjr y varfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l`s lucas ma irahj. L`s lucas ma irahj madarë`h ahcahmarsa maspuæs ma prasfjh`r al pam`l mal irahj `prjxfk`m`kahta 1 kk. Sfstak` `htfdljquaj ma irahjs (@DS) Al sfstak` `htfdljquaj avft` qua l`s ruam`s sa dljquaah mur`hta uh` irah`m` iuarta. Madfmj ` astj, al cjcba cjh irah`mj cjkplatj sfgua sf gua sfahmj k`hao`dla. Al sfstak` cjhst` ma uh` uhfm`m ragul`mjr` bfmràulfc` y sahsjras ma = ruam`s. L` uhfm`m ragul`mjr` cjhtfaha uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ), 2 vàlvul`s sjlahjfmas bfmràulfc`s (4 p`r` c`m` irahj) y uh` djkd` `ccfjh`m` alæctrfc`kahta. L`s vàlvul`s sjlahjfmas astàh cjhtrjl`m`s pjr l` ACQ, qua racfda sað`las ma cu`trj sahsjras kjht`mjs ah c`m` ruam` mal `utjkóvfl (ljs sahsjras mal`htarjs astàh cjhact`mjs ` ljs cudjs y ljs sahsjras tr`sarjs astàh cjhact`mjs `l sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh), qua cjhtrjl`h l` valjcfm`m ma rjt`cfóh ma c`m` ruam`. @l cjkp`r`r ast`s sað`las, l` ACQ puama matarkfh`r l` valjcfm`m mal `utjkóvfl. @l cjkp`r`r l` valjcfm`m ma uh` sjl` ruam` cjh l` valjcfm`m prjkamfj mal vabëculj, l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl matarkfh` al ast`mj ast`mj mal dljquaj ma l` ruam`. Cu`hmj l` ruam` sa `carc` `l dljquaj, l` prasfóh mal lëqufmj ma irahjs as mak`sf`mj `lt`, pjr lj qua l` prasfóh ah l` pfhz` sa ramuca pjr uh` sað`l ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl. Astj sucama b`st` qua l` ruam` `calar` ma huavj. Luagj l`s vàlvul`s vualvah ` carr`rsa y l` prasfóh gahar`m` pjr al pam`l mal irahj cjkfahz` ` `ctu`r huav`kahta. Sfh akd`rgj, al v`ljr ma prasfóh ah al cfrcuftj ma irahj ma ast` ruam` hj as k`yjr qua l` prasfóh tjt`l ah al sfstak`. Al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal @DS mur`hta al irah`mj fhtahsj sa rapfta ah c`m` ruam` b`st` qua sa `plfc` iuarz` `l pam`l j sa matfaha al `utjkóvfl.
Ah c`sj ma cu`lqufar k`l iuhcfjh`kfahtj ah al sfstak` @DS, sa mascjhact`. Ah asta c`sj, l` luz ma `mvartahcf` mal @DS ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs sa ahcfahma QHFM@M
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al
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ma
irahjs
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hjrk`lkahta. Tatfrj TAGQL@MJT@ TAGQL@MJT@
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta al sjpjrta y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj prfhcfp`l ma l` uhfm`m ragul`mjr`. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y mascjhacta l` d`rr` ma tfarr` ma l` uhfm`m. 3. K`rqua 3. K`rqua ljs tudjs ma ljs irahjs, mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma cjhaxfóh y mascjhacta ljs tudjs mal dljqua ragul`mjr. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` suoacfóh ma uh ragul`mjr y sàqual`s ma uh cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al ragul`m ragul`mjr jr ah su lug`r y `sagÿralj cjh l`s tuarc`s. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta ljs tudjs ma irahj y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ma kjht`oa `l p`r raquarfmj. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y al dus ma tfarr` `l dljqua ragul`mjr. =. Alfkfh`r =. Alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak` ma irahjs. Alfkfh`cfóh
mal MFS^JSF]FYJ
MA
CJH]TJL
ALAC]TÓHFCJ
(ACQ) (ACQ)
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` 0. L` ACQ puama ratfr`rsa mal ragul`mjr kfahtr`s al dljqua mal ragul`mjr park`haca ah al vabëculj. Tatfra l` d`tarë` y al sjpjrta. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta al sjpjrta y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` ACQ. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` ACQ mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` ACQ ah al ragu ragul`mjr l`mjr y iëoal` cjh ljs parhjs. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ` l` uhfm`m a fhst`la l` d`tarë`.
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sahsjr
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Takjcfóh Takjcfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` y al tjrhfllj (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s).
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` prjtaccfóh prjtactjr` mal sahsjr.
l`
ruam`)
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj udfc`mj ah al sahsjr ma rjt`cfóh ma l` ruam` ma `l`kdra. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh mal sahsjr ma rjt`cfóh ma uh` ruam`.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al sahsjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @sagÿrasa 0. @sagÿrasa ma qua l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal sahsjr y l` `rtfcul`cfóh `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh astæh lfkp lfkpf`s f`s y ludrfqua l` `dartur` p`r` kjht`r al sahsjr ah l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma ludrfc`hta. 4. Yarfifqua 4. Yarfifqua qua l` puht` mal sahsjr astæ lfkpf` y qua ahtra lfdrakahta ah al humfllj. 3. Ludrfqua 3. Ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr cjh uh `gahta `htf-`tjrhfll`mj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb). Fhst`la al sahsjr ah l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l`
mfraccfóh y suoætalj cjh uh parhj. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l sahsjr. s ahsjr. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` prjtaccfóh prjtactjr` ah al sahsjr y `sagÿral` cjh uh` tuarc` y uh parhj. Alfkfh`cfóh
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JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (ilacb` fhmfc`m`) mal sahsjr.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj y s`qua al sahsjr (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) ma uh hfmj.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @sagÿrasa 0. @sagÿrasa ma qua l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj mal sahsjr y al cudj astæh lfkpf`s. @plfqua uh` c`p` malg`m` ma gr`s` ah al jrfifcfj mal sahsjr. 4. @sagÿrasa 4. @sagÿrasa ma qua l` puht` mal sahsjr astæ lfkpf` y sa` iàcfl ma cjljc`r ah al cudj. 3. Ludrfqua 3. Ludrfqua l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr cjh uh `gahta `htf-`iljo`kfahtj (Ljctfta Irahat`hcb). Fhst`la al sahsjr ah al zóc`lj y iëoalj cjh uh parhj.
=. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr. Djkd` ma v`cëj (cjcbas cjh kjtjr mfasal) Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj ` l` djkd` ma v`cëj, ratfra al tudj ma sukfhfstrj sukfhfstrj ma `fra `l ifltrj ma `fra. 4. @iljoa 4. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` ma l` k`hguar` y mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ma l` djkd`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs / tuarc`s ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd` ah al l`mj irjht`l fzqufarmj ma l` cul`t`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` djkd` mal kjtjr. Ah kjtjras cjh uh vjlukah ma 0,6 lftrjs, l` djkd` tfaha 4 `hflljs ma sall`mj, ah kjtjras cjh uh vjlukah ma 4,0 lftrjs 0 `hfllj. Ljs `hflljs ma sall`mj astàh suoatjs ` raakpl`zj jdlfg`tjrfj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` (ilacb`s) ah al buacj ma l` djkd`.
4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa al djrma mal aoa ma l` djkd` cjh l` r`hur` mal àrdjl ma lav`s a fhst`la l` djkd` ah l` cul`t`. Hj kuav` al `hfllj ma sall`mj (l` prjtudar`hcf` y l` r`hur` sa fhmfc`h kamf`hta ilacb`s).
3. @sagura 3. @sagura l` djkd` cjh parhjs / tuarc`s. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ` l` djkd` y `sagÿral` cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`. Cjkprjd`cfóh ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj ah vabëculjs cjh kjtjr mfæsal. Al rahmfkfahtj ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj mal irahj sa puama varfifc`r utflfz`hmj uh k`hókatrj ma v`cëj. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mascjhacta 0. Mascjhacta al tudj ma v`cëj ma l` djkd` y cjhacta uh k`hókatrj ma v`cëj ah su lug`r. 4. @rr`hqua 4. @rr`hqua al kjtjr ah kjmj fh`ctfvj. 3. Kamfr 3. Kamfr al v`cëj cra`mj pjr l` djkd`. Maspuæs ma 0 kfhutj ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal kjtjr, al v`cëj mada sar ma uhjs 1>> kk. Bg Sf al v`cëj cra`mj pjr l` djkd` hj cjrraspjhma ` ljs m`tjs raquarfmjs, raakpl`ca l` djkd` cjkplat`kahta, y` qua Hj sa sukfhfstr`h rapuastjs p`r` l` djkd`. Suspahsfóh y mfraccfóh. L`
suspahsfóh
mal`htar`
fhmapahmfahta
K`c^barsjh
fhcluya
rasjrtas
balfcjfm`las
y
`kjrtfgu`mjras
talascópfcjs
cjkpuastjs.
Ljs puht`las K`c^barsjh astàh uhfmjs uhfmjs ` l` bjrqufll` fhiarfjr cjh ouht`s ma rótul`. Tjm`k Tjm`kfahtjs fahtjs ma ruam`, pfhz`s ma irahj y cudj astàh fhst`l`mjs fhst`l`mjs ah ljs l js humflljs ma mfraccfóh. D`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` mal`htar` kjht`m` ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs. Al ast`dflfz`mjr sa ifo` ` tr`væs ma ljs duoas ma gjk` `l k`rcj fhiarfjr y sa cjhact` mfract`kahta ` ljs puht`las ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar`. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` fhmapahmfahta - kultfdr`zj. Ljs cudjs tr`sarjs astàh cjhact`mjs `l d`stfmjr fhiarfjr cjh ljs dr`zjs suparfjr a fhiarfjr y uh` p`l`hc` ma guë`.
L` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` sa ifo` `l k`rcj fhiarfjr y sa cjhact` ` ljs cahtrjs ma l`s `l`s. L` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh tfaha uh` ouht` uhfvars`l, udfc`m` ah al l`mj fhiarfjr, qua cjhact` al aoa ma l` mfraccfóh cjh al aoa fhtarkamfj, qua tfaha uh` saguhm` ouht` uhfvars`l ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr. L` ouht` uhfvars`l fhiarfjr cjhact` l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh cjh al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh kamf`hta uh parhj ma suoacfóh. Al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh astà kjht`mj ah al d`stfmjr fhiarfjr mal`htarj y astà cjhact`mj cjh mjs d`rr`s ma mfraccfóh kamf`hta rótul`s ah ljs axtrakjs axtarfjras ma l`s d`rr`s ma mfraccfóh. Ah ljs axtrakjs ma l` d`rr` ma mfraccfóh b`y uh` rjsc` p`r` `oust`r l` cjhvargahcf` ma l` ruam` mal`htar`. Al sfstak` bfmràulfcj ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` tfaha uh` djkd` qua as `ccfjh`m` pjr uh` pjla` mal cfgüað`l. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Àhguljs ma `lfha`cfóh ma l`s ruam`s. ruam`s. Tuam` mal`htar`
- àhgulj ma cjhvargahcf cjhvargahcf``
Cjhvargahcf`` pjsftfv` > ° >.1 kk. Cjhvargahcf
- àhgulj ma cjl`psj
> ¾ ° 3> '
- àhgulj ljhgftumfh`l mal parhj ray - fhclfh`cf fhclfh`cfóh óh mal mamj
3 ¾ 3> '° 3>' 00 ¾ 3> '° 3>'
Tuam` tr`sar` - cjhvargahcf cjhvargahcf``
Cjhvargahcf` pjsftfv` ma 0.1 ° >.1 kk.
- cjl`psj
0 ¾ 1> '° 3>'
Tuam`s - tfpj
Mfscj ma `la`cfóh ma `carj j `lukfhfj (sagÿh kjmalj)
- t`k`ðj
1O x 0=.9O x 01 j 9.1O x 01 (sagÿh al kjmalj)
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata, H · k. k.
Suspahsfóh mal`htar`? - D`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr`? • parhjs ma ast`dflfz`mjr ` cuarpj
91
• parhjs matràs mal ascah`rfj
91
• tuarc` ma dljquaj mal aoa kjtrfz
341
- dr`zj fhiarfjr? • parhj ma pfvjta mal`htarj • parhjs ma suspahsfóh tr`sar`
- rótul` fhiarfjr?
03> 9>
•c cjhtr`tuar jhtr`tuarc` c`
=1
• kjht`r l` rótul` ah al cudj
41>
• parhjs ma k`rcj fhiarfjr
04>
- suspahsfóh? • parhjs suparfjras
=>
• tuarc` ma l` pl`c` ma kjht`oa suparfjr
91
• tjrhfllj ma l` `dr`z`mar` mal cudj
11
Suspahsfóh tr`sar`? - D`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr`? • parhjs ma ast`dflfz`mjr ` cuarpj
=>
• parhjs matràs mal ascah`rfj
=>
• tuarc` ma cudj
471
- l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh? • ]jrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` p`l`hc`.
0>>
• parhj ma pfvjta mal`htarj
61
• parhj ma l` dfs`gr` tr`sar`
71
- dr`zj fhiarfjr? • parhj ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarh`
71
• parhj ma pfvjta axtarfjr
61
- @kjrtfgu`mjr? • tuarc` suparfjr
31
• parhj ma kjht`oa fhiarfjr
71
• parhjs ma k`rcj fhiarfjr
91
- l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh? • tuarc` ma rótul`
91
• tuarc` fhtarh` mal parhj ma l` dfs`gr`
=>
- dr`zj suparfjr? s uparfjr? • parhj ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarh`
61
• parhj ma pfvjta axtarfjr
71
Mfraccfóh? - ^arhj ma suoacfóh mal aoa ma mfraccfóh.
44
- parhj ma suoacfóh aoa fhtarkamfj
41
- Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh
4>
- Ljs duljhas ma l` `t`mur` mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh
2>
- parhj mal vjl`hta
31
- v`rfll` ma mfraccfóh? • ]uarc` ma rótul` ma kjht`oa ` l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
31
• tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma rótul`
9>
• rótul` fhtarh`
1>
• tjrhflljs ma ruam`
6>
Humflljs ma mfraccfóh @mvartahcf`
Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh as hacas`rfj utflfz`r huav`s huav`s tuarc`s ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma uh tfrj ma mfraccfóh, l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` asiærfc` fhiarfjr y uh tjrhfllj ma `prfata y uh` tuarc` ma uh puðj gfr`tjrfj. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` mal cudj ma l` ruam`, ratfra al sjpjrta ah ijrk` ma T.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al c`daz`l ma dljquaj ma l` tuarc` ma dljquaj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. l` tuarc` mal aoama ma ruam`. tr`hskfsfóh ah uh vabëculj qua astà sjdra ruam`s. @iljoa@iljoa t`kdfæh ljs tjrhflljs
3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. =. Ah =. Ah vabëculjs aqufp`mjs cjh @DS, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr kjht`mj ah l` ruam` mal `utjkóvfl y ratfra al sahsjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma uh aoa ma pjtahcf`. 9. Masahrjsqua 9. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` qua suoat` al asl`dóh ma l` mfraccfóh `l kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh y ratfra l` ouht` ma rótul` mal asl`dóh ma l` mfraccfóh mal kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh. ^`r` axtr`ar l` rótul` ma l` v`rfll` ma mfraccfóh mal humfllj ma l` mfraccfóh, as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh axtr`ctjr ma rótul` uhfvars`l. 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al mfscj ma irahj. 2. Sf 2. Sf as hacas`rfj, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa ma l` suspahsfóh (fhmfc`mjs
pjr l`s ilacb`s) ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` `rtfcul` `rtfcul`cfóh cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
6. Masahrjsqua 6. Masahrjsqua uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfjr y tjka uh p`s`mjr ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr. 0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` y ratfra al parhj ma suoacfóh mal puht`l mal humfllj, jdsarv`hmj qua al parhj astà fhst`l`mj ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal vabëculj. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh huavj tjrhfllj ma `prfata y uh` tuarc`. 00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra al humfllj mal axtrakj mal d`stfmjr y ma l`s astrë`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Tatër`lj mal cjcba. Sf al humfllj ahc`o` ifrkakahta ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal d`stfmjr, usa uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma p`r` sjlt`r l` `dr`z`mar` mal humfllj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @sagÿrasa 0. @sagÿrasa ma qua l`s r`hur`s ah al axtrakj axtarfjr mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh y l`s r`hur`s ah al cudj astæh lfkpf`s. Maslfca al cudj ah l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. 4. Maslfca 4. Maslfca al humfllj ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal puht`l ma l` suspahsfóh, `lfha`hmj al buacj ah al humfllj cjh l` prjtudar`hcf` ah al axtrakj mal puht`l. Fhsarta uh huavj parhj ma suoacfóh ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal `utjkóvfl, `tjrhflla l` tuarc` ah al parhj y `prfata `l p`r ma `prfata raquarfmj.
3. @lfhaa 3. @lfhaa l` ouht` ma rótul` fhiarfjr cjh al dr`zj fhiarfjr y `sagÿral` cjh l` huav` tuarc`. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta l` rótul` ma l` v`rfll` ma mfraccfóh cjh l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh y `sagÿral` cjh uh` tuarc` huav`. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al mfscj ma irahj. 9. Ah 9. Ah ljs kjmaljs aqufp`mjs cjh @DS, fhst`la al sahsjr ma rjt`cfóh ma l` ruam`. 7. Ludrfqua 7. Ludrfqua al fhtarfjr y l`s rjsc`s ma l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh cjh `cafta ma kjtjr lfkpfj y `tjrhflla l` tuarc` ah al aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh. Ifo`r uh` tuarc` ma l` `t`mur` mal aoa ma pjtahcf` ah al kjkahtj axfgfmj. Yarfifqua qua al cudj gfra lfdrakahta, fhst`la l` tuarc` ma dljquaj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh ma kjmj qua uhj ma ljs iusfdlas quama `lfha`mj cjh al jrfifcfj mal aoa ma tr`hskfsfóh y iëoalj cjh uh sjpjrta ah ijrk` ma T. 2. Kjht`r 2. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. Taakpl`zj ma rjm`kfahtjs ma ruam` mal`htar` @mvartahcf` Al rjm`kfahtj ma rjmflljs ma mjdla bflar` hj raqufara hfhgÿh `ousta y tfaha uh ludrfc`hta qua g`r`htfz` al rahmfkfahtj mal rjm`kfahtj mur`hta tjm` l` vfm` ÿtfl mal vabëculj. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh mal rjm`kfahtj as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh huavj `hfllj ma dljquaj.
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh cjh al cudj iuar` mal `utjkóvfl. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al humfllj ah ljs sjpjrtas y, utflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl tudul`r kjht`mj ah al axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` drfm`, `prfata l` drfm` p`r` s`c`rl` mal rjm`kfahtj. Sf al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj park`haca ah al cudj, axtràfg`lj cjh al axtr`ctjr ma rjm`kfahtjs. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra (ilacb`) al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh mal rjm`kfahtj mal axtrakj fhtarfjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
=. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, fhst`la al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal cjofhata b`cf` `tràs y, cjh l` p`rta fhtarfjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh ah ljs sjpjrtas, utflfz` utflfz`hmj hmj uh k`hmrfl tudul`r, `prfata al rjm`kfahtj p`r` axtr`arlj ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh. 1. Lfkpfa 1. Lfkpfa al cudj y l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh ma l` sucfam`m y l` gr`s`. 9. Ludrfqua 9. Ludrfqua cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma Kjlyejta 340 T y ahgr`sa al `hfllj axtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj y l` drfm` mal k`hguftj. 7. Ifoa 7. Ifoa ifrkakahta al humfllj ` ljs sjpjrtas a fhst`la al rjm`kfahtj ah æl. Fhst`la al cjofhata utflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl tudul`r, qua mada prasfjh`r al `hfllj axtarfjr mal cjofhata. 2. @sagura 2. @sagura al rjm`kfahtj cjh uh huavj `hfllj ma ratahcfóh, qua mada fhst`l`rsa ah l`s r`hur`s ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la al k`hguftj cjh al l`mj axtarfjr ah al sjpjrta y cjljqua al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal cjofhata ah al axtrakj ma l` drfm` mal k`hguftj. Fhst`la al rjm`kfahtj utflfz`hmj uh k`hmrfl tudul`r qua prasfjh` al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal rjm`kfahtj. 0>. 0>. Ast`dlacar Ast`dlacar uh puðj gfr`tjrfj ouhtj cjh uh` h`va ah al cjcba. Tacapcfóh Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs y l`s k`hguar`s mal d`stfmjr.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa y lfdara l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfjr y s`qua l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` qua suoat` al ahl`ca ` l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` ma l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` ast`dflfz`m jr` y sap`ra s ap`ra al ahl`ca ma l` d`rr`.
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma l` `dr`z`mar` mal humfllj.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al parhj ma suoacfóh qua suoat` al puht`l ` l` `rtfcul`cfóh. ^`r` avft`r qua l` `rtfcul`cfóh cjh al cudj d`oa `l ratfr`r al d`stfmjr, `ta al dr`zj fhiarfjr j al cudj `l k`rcj fhiarfjr cjh uh c`dla.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al puht`l ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh. Sf al sjpjrta sa `sfaht` ifrkakahta ah l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh, cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma, sualta l` `dr`z`mar` ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh. 6. Ah 6. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra l` t`p` prjtactjr` ma plàstfcj ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pfl`r mal`htarj.
0>. 0>. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs 3 parhjs mal kjht`oa suparfjr mal pfl`r mal`htarj.
00. 00. Tatfra Tatfra al d`stfmjr ma mad`oj mal `rcj ma l` ruam`. Cjljqua takpjr`lkahta l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul` fhiarfjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma mfraccfóh ah al dr`zj fhiarfjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljqua 0. Cjljqua al pfl`r irjht`l ah su lug`r ma kjmj qua al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` pl`c` ma kjht`oa suparfjr astæ cjljc`mj cjrract`kahta ah al jrfifcfj cjrraspjhmfahta. @lfhaa al axtrakj fhiarfjr mal d`stfmjr cjh al kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh. @l kfskj tfakpj, as hacas`rfj `lfha`r l` dracb` ah l` kjrm`z` mal kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh cjh l` prjtudar`hcf` ah al axtrakj mal d`stfmjr.
4. @tjrhflla 4. @tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal d`stfmjr suparfjr y `prfætaljs `l p`r ma `prfata raquarfmj. 3. @sagÿrasa 3. @sagÿrasa ma qua l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal d`stfmjr astæ `lfha`m` ax`ct`kahta cjh al kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh. Fhsarta al parhj ma suoacfóh ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal `utj y `sagÿralj cjh uh` tuarc` huav`. =. @tjrhflla =. @tjrhflla l` `rtfcu `rtfcul`cfóh l`cfóh ma rótul` fhiarfjr ma ll`` `rtfcul`cfóh ma mfraccfóh `l dr`zj fhiarfjr. 1. Cjhacta 1. Cjhacta l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` `l sjpjrta. 9. Ifoa 9. Ifoa ljs c`dlas c `dlas alæctrfc alæctrfcjs js y l`s k`hgua k`hguar`s r`s `l sjpjrta mal d`stfmjr. 7. Kjht`r 7. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. Tap`r`r al pfl`r mal`htarj m al`htarj.. JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al puht`l mal`htarj mal cjcba y lfkpfa l` sucfam`m. Qs`hmj uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l, `prfata al rasjrta p`r` masc`rg`r l` t`z` suparfjr.
@mvartahcf` @mvartahcf`
Cu`hmj utflfca uh mfspjsftfvj aspacf`l p`r` cjkprfkfr ljs rasjrtas, `sagÿrasa ma qua l`s djdfh`s mal rasjrta astæh ifrkakahta suoat`s y `prfata ljs rasjrtas masma ljs l`mjs jpuastjs. Al rasjrta tfaha uh` iuarz` ma cjkprasfóh kuy gr`hma, `së qua usa sjlj uh` barr`kfaht` kuy cjhif`dla. Ah hfhgÿh c`sj, hj `ta al c`dla ma rasjrta. L` tuarc` ma kjht`oa cahtr`l sa puama mas`tjrhfll`r sjlj cjh uh rasjrta cjkprfkfmj. 4. @sagura 4. @sagura l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh uh` ll`va p`r` gfr`r y, cjh l` saguhm` ll`va ma l` ll`va, mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` cahtr`l ma l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` pl`c` (p`rta suparfjr mal pfl`r @).
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` ouht` y al `sfahtj mal rasjrta suparfjr.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al kualla balfcjfm`l.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` `r`hmal` ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal pfl`r irjht`l.
7. Lfkpfa 7. Lfkpfa l` cudfart` prjtactjr` y al tjpa ma gjk`.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al `sfahtj mal rasjrta fhiarfjr.
6. Fhspaccfjha 6. Fhspaccfjha tjmjs ljs cjkpjhahtas mal puht`l ma l` suspahsfóh ah dusc` ma masg`sta, m`ðjs j maijrk`cfóh. Cjkpruada l` su`vfm`m ma l` c`rrar` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr. Tavfsa al `kjrtfgu`mjr p`r` matact`r iug`s, `së cjkj su vàst`gj p`r` matact`r cjrrjsfóh ah tjm` su ljhgftum.
0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la al `sfahtj mal rasjrta fhiarfjr ah al d`stfmjr y maslfca al tjpa ma gjk` ah al vàst`gj mal `kjrtfgu`m `kjrtfgu`mjr. jr. Fhst`la l` cudfart` prjtactjr` y l` `r`hm `r`hmal`. al`. Ah asta c`sj, al axtrakj fhiarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` mada fhst`l`rsa fhst`l`rsa ah l ` c`rc`s` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr.
00. 00. Ast`dlazc` Ast`dlazc` uh rasjrta cflëhmrfcj p`r` qua su axtrakj fhiarfjr sa `sfahta cjrract`kahta ah uh hfmj ma rasjrta. Fhst`la al `sfahtj mal rasjrta suparfjr ma k`har` qua su axtrakj suparfjr astæ udfc`mj ah al buacj mal `sfahtj mal rasjrta suparfjr (ilacb`). Fhst`la l` ouht` y l` pl`c` suparfjr.
04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` `r`hmal` y `tjrhflla l` huav` tuarc` ah l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr. `kjrtfgu`mjr. Suspahsfóh mal`htar` mal dr`zj d r`zj fhiarfjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Mastjrhflla 4. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` y s`qua l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfjr ma l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) ma l` p`rta mal`htar` mal dr`zj fhiarfjr.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h al k`hguftj ma fhst`l`cfóh ma l` p`rta tr`sar` mal dr`zj fhiarfjr `l k`rcj fhiarfjr.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al dr`zj fhiarfjr ma mad`oj mal vabëculj. Tap`r`cfóh Tap`r`cfóh Taakpl`z`r al cudj mal`htarj mal puhtj ma pfvjta y l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` raqufara al usj ma uh` prahs` bfmràulfc`, uh axtr`ctjr p`r` rjm`kfahtjs y uh` ll`ht`. ^jr lj t`htj, asta tr`d`oj sa mada b`car ah l` ast`cfóh KJ]. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa al dr`zj fhiarfjr ma sucfam`m y racudrfkfahtj `htfcjrrjsfóh. `htfcjrrjsfóh. 4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa l` p`l`hc` ah dusc` ma grfat`s, mfstjrsfóh ma l` ijrk` j cu`lqufar jtrj maiactj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al dr`zj fhiarfjr ah su lug`r, fhsarta al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` mal`htar` y `tjrhflla l` tuarc` ah æl sfh `prat`rlj pjr cjkplatj. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al cudj tr`sarj mal puhtj ma pfvjta ma l` p`l`hc` y `sagÿralj cjh parhjs, `pratàhmjljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul` fhiarfjr ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma mfraccfóh ah al dr`zj fhiarfjr. @prfata l` rótul` cjh uh` tuarc` huav`, `pratàhmjl` cjh al p`r raquarfmj. =. Kjht`r =. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r. Ifh`lkahta, `prfata l` tuarc` qua suoat` al p`r fhiarfjr mal parhj ma pfvjta mal`htarj raquarfmj. 1. Sf 1. Sf as hacas`rfj, cjkpruada ljs àhguljs ma `lfha`cfóh ma l` ruam` mal`htar`. Suspahsfóh mal`htar` ma l` rótul` fhiarfjr @mvartahcf` ^`r` fhst`l`r l` rótul` fhiarfjr ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` sa hacasft` uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l ^augajt >901O. Ah `usahcf` ma ast` barr`kfaht`, raakpl`ca l` ouht` ma rótul` fhiarfjr ah uh` ast`cfóh ma k`htahfkfahtj.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al humfllj ma mfraccfóh y al cudj mal vabëculj. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` pl`c` ma rótul` fhiarfjr.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh parijr`mjr pl`hj, gjlpaa al ratahamjr ma l` rótul`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l aspacf`l ah l ` rótul`, `lfhaa l` barr`kfaht` cjh l`s
r`hur`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) ah l` rótul`, y ifoa l` barr`kfaht` `tjrhfll`hmj l` tuarc` vfao` ah l` rótul`. Masahrjsq Masahrjsqua ua l` rótul` ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @tjrhflla 0. @tjrhflla l` rótul` ah al humfllj ma mfraccfóh. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l, tahfahmj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` rótul`, y `prfata l` dfs`gr` `l p`r raquarfmj. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh puhzóh, `puð`la l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul` ah uh` ma l`s r`hur`s ma ljs humflljs. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` huav` pl`c` ma prjtaccfóh ma rótul`. 1. Ast`dlacar 1. Ast`dlacar uh puðj gfr`tjrfj ouhtj cjh uh` h`va ah al cjcba. Suspahsfóh mal`htar` ma d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` @mvartahcf` ^`r` suoat`r al asl`dóh mal ast`dflfz`mjr as hacas`rfj utflfz`r tuarc`s huav`s.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l`s `l`s fzqufarm` y maracb` ` l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr`.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs y tuarc`s ma kjht`oa mal ast`dflfz`mjr ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal k`rcj fhiarfjr (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al ast`dflfz`mjr ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. 1. Tavfsa 1. Tavfsa al ast`dflfz`mjr ah dusc` ma masg`sta y m`ðjs kacàhfcjs. ^rasta aspacf`l `tahcfóh `l ast`mj ma ljs c`squflljs ma fhst`l`cfóh mal ast`dflfz`mjr. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la ljs jo`las ma gjk` ah al ast`dflfz`mjr. Cjljqua c`m` k`hguftj ah al ast`dflfz`mjr ma kjmj qua l` suparifcfa pl`h` mal k`hguftj quama ah l` d`sa, y l`s `r`hmal`s fhtarfjras astæh `lfha`m`s cjrract`kahta cjh l`s `r`hmal`s mal ast`dflfz`mjr. L` r`hur` ma l` k`hg` mada mfrfgfrsa b`cf` l` p`rta tr`sar`. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al ast`dflfz`mjr ah al k`rcj fhiarfjr. Fhst`la ljs clfps ma kjht`oa p`r` qua sus axtrakjs sa ahcuahtrah cjrract`k cjrract`kahta ahta ah al k`rcj fhiarfjr. @sagÿr`ljs cjh tjrhflljs y tuarc`s. Cjhacta l`s ascah`s cjh ljs axtrakjs mal ast`dflfz`mjr ast`dflfz`mjr y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa `l p`r raquarfm raquarfmj. j. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la huav`s tuarc`s ah l`s `lat`s y `prfætal`s `l tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Fhst`l`r =. Fhst`l`r l`s ruam`s y d`o`r al cjcba. Suspahsfóh mal`htar` ma puht`l l`tar`l
@mvartahcf` @ l` fhst`l`cfóh l`s ascah`s as hacas`r hacas`rfj fj us`r l`s tuarc`s huav`s ma l` `t`mur`. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h al ahl`ca `l ast`dflfz`mjr y `l sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh mal`htarj. Tatër`ljs ma mad`oj mal cjcba.
3. Tavfsa 3. Tavfsa al d`cest`ga pjr masg`sta y m`ðj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @l kfskj tfakpj, as hacas`rfj utflfz`r huav`s tuarc`s p`r` suoat`r al asl`dóh mal ast`dflfz`mjr. K`rcj ma suspahsfóh mal`htar` fhiarfjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` ma d`cest`ga. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` y uh parhj ma suoacfóh ma uh sjpjrta ma kjtjr tr`sarj y uh` tr`hskfsfóh. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y al parhj qua `sagur`h l` suspahsfóh `l k`rcj fhiarfjr. Tatfra l` suspahsfóh. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` fhiarfjr fzqufarm` ` l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr y s`qua l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`l`hc`. Mal kfskj kjmj, masahrjsqua l` rótul` ma l` p`l`hc` maracb`.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. @iljoa ljs tudjs y l`s k`hguar`s ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` ma ljs kjht`oas ah al k`rcj fhiarfjr. 9. Yarfifqua 9. Yarfifqua qua tjmjs ljs c`dlas y k`hguar`s qua ast`d`h cjhact`mjs `l k`rcj fhiarfjr sa b`y`h ratfr`mj. 7. Fhst`la 7. Fhst`la uh g`tj cjh uh` d`rr` mad`oj mal k`rcj fhiarfjr p`r` suoat`rlj cu`hmj lj ratfra. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla ljs = tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal k`rcj fhiarfjr, dàoalj y ratëralj masma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. Cjhsfmara 4. Cjhsfmara ljs sfgufahtas puhtjs? - usa tuarc`s huav`s qua `sagurah l`s `l`s y l`s rótul`s5 - @prfata ljs parhjs y tuarc`s `l p`r raquarfmj5 - Sf as hacas`rfj, `ousta l` `lfha`cfóh ma l`s ruam`s. Cudj ma l` ruam` tr`sar`
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al t`kdjr mal irahj tr`sarj.
4. Qsa 4. Qsa l` p`l`hc` p`r` quft`r l` t`p` prjtactjr` ah al cahtrj mal cudj ma l` ruam` tr`sar`.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh puhzóh, mjdla al cjll`rëh ma dljquaj ah l` tuarc` mal cudj ma l` ruam` tr`sar`.
=. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa mal cudj. 1. Qs`hmj 1. Qs`hmj uh axtr`ctjr, ratfra uh` h`va ma uh p`s`mjr.
9. Cjkprjd`r 9. Cjkprjd`r al ast`mj mal rjm`kfahtj ma l` ruam`. Sa racjkfahm` sustftufr ljs cjofhatas mal cudj, y` qua Ljs cjofhatas puamah m`ð`rsa `l ratfr`r al cudj. 7. Tavfsa 7. Tavfsa al aoa ah dusc` ma masg`sta j m`ðjs kacàhfcjs. Taakpl`ca sf as hacas`rfj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @sagÿrasa 0. @sagÿrasa ma qua al rjm`kfahtj astæ llahj ma gr`s`, ludrfqua al aoa cjh uh` c`p` malg`m` ma `cafta ma kjtjr. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al huavj cjofhata ah al kuðóh cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh k`hmrfl tudul`r qua prasfjh` cjhtr` al `hfllj fhtarfjr mal cjofhata. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` huav` tuarc` mal cudj. c udj.
=. @prfætalj =. @prfætalj `l p`r raquarfmj.
1. Cjh 1. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh puhzóh, ast`kpa al cjll`r ma l` tuarc` ah l` r`hur` mal cudj.
9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la al t`kdjr ma irahj. Taakpl`zj ma ljs rjm`kfahtjs ma l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s. Al
cjofhata
mal
duoa
tr`sarj
as
uh`
p`rta
fhtagr`l
^`r` raakpl`z`r al rjm`kfahtj, as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r al cjhouhtj mal cudj.
mal
duoa
y
hj
sa
sukfhfstr`
pjr
sap`r`mj.
@kjrtfgu`mjr ma suspahsfóh tr`sar` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs S`ljjh, ratfra al ijrrj mal k`latarj, p`r` lj cu`l usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` quft`r l` p`rta cahtr`l mal pfstóh y mas`tjrhflla al djrma mal k`latarj p`r` `ccamar `l kjht`oa suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr (l` ilacb` fhmfc` l` tuarc` ma suoacfóh suparfjr).
4. Ah 4. Ah ljs l js kjmaljs Cjkdf (Ast`ta), `dr` l` puart` tr`sar` y ratfra al djrma mal k`latarj mal l`mj masa`mj, p`r` lj ccu`l u`l mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` pl`c` mal djrma pjstarfjr.
3. Luagj, 3. Luagj, usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` quft`r l` p`rta cahtr`l ma l`s t`p`s ma kjht`oa, ratfra al djlsfllj ma plàstfcj y maslfca al djrma mal k`latarj p`r` `ccamar `l kjht`oa suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr (l` ilacb` fhmfc` l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr suparfjr ah ljs kjmaljs Ast`ta).
=. Lav`hta =. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 1. Cjh 1. Cjh uh g`tj, lav`hta al dr`zj fhiarfjr b`st` qua al rasjrta ma l` djdfh` ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` astæ lfgar`kahta cjkprfkfmj. 9. Ah 9. Ah al k`latarj, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr y ratfra l` `r`hmal` ma gjk` suparfjr. 7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla al parhj fhiarfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl y ratfra al `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh alakahtjs ma kjht`oa ma gjk` y p`ra mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl. Tatfra l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj y matæhg`sa mal `kjrtfgu`mjr.
Cjkprjd`r Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa al `kjrtfgu`mjr p`r` matact`r iug`s y m`ðjs kacàhfcjs. 4. Kjvfahmj 4. Kjvfahmj l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr, varfifqua su uhfijrkfm`m. 3. L` rasfstahcf` L` rasfstahcf` `l kjvfkfahtj ma l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr ah `kd`s mfraccfjhas mada sar uhfijrka y su`va. Sf al kjvfkfahtj as masfgu`l j sf b`y m`ðjs vfsfdlas ah al `kjrtfgu`mjr, mada raakpl`z`rsa. =. ]`kdfæh =. ]`kdfæh as hacas`rfj varfifc`r al ast`mj ma l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ma gjk`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua l` udfc`cfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh mal parhj ma kjht`oa mal `kjrtfgu`mjr fhiarfjr cjh Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al tjpa y l` cudfart` `htfpjlvj `htfpjlvj ah al `kjrtfgu `kjrtfgu`mjr. `mjr. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra cjkplat`kahta l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr a fhst`la al `kjrtfgu`mjr ah al vabëculj. Masma al k`latarj, fhst`la uh cjoëh ma gjk` ah l` v`rfll` mal `kjrtfgu`mjr y gfra l` tuarc` suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr uh`s cu`ht`s vualt`s.
=. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh l` udfc`cfóh ma fhst`l`cfóh ah l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr, fhst`la al parhj y `tjrhflla l` huav` tuarc` ah all`, sfh `prat`rlj cjkplat`kahta. 1. @prfata 1. @prfata l` tuarc` suparfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj a fhst`la l` gu`rhfcfóh mal k`latarj. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` ruam` tr`sar` y d`oa al c`rrj. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua ljs alakahtjs ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` c`fg`h ah su lug`r. Maspuæs ma asj, `prfata al p`r raquarfmj mal parhj fhiarfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr tr`sarj. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` ma kualla cflëhmrfcj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua uh g`tj mad`oj mal axtrakj axtarfjr mal dr`zj fhiarfjr tr`sarj y lav`hta l` p`l`hc` p`r` qua al rasjrta quama lfgar`kahta cjkprfkfmj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj cjh dfs`gr` axtarhj ma l` p`l`hc` (sa aspacfifc` cjh uh` ilacb`).
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` mal parhj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr ma l` p`l`hc`.
1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla al parhj fhiarfjr ma ifo`cfóh mal `kjrtfgu`mjr tr`sarj. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta ljs tudjs mal sfstak` ma irahjs y ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs ma ljs clfps ah al dr`zj fhiarfjr. 7. D`oa 7. D`oa laht`kahta al g`tj b`st` qua al rasjrta astæ cjkplat`kahta lfdar`mj. Tatfra al rasjrta ouhtj cjh sus ahcbuias suparfjr a fhiarfjr. 2. Cjkprjd`r 2. Cjkprjd`r al ast`mj mal kualla. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la ljs `sfahtjs ma rasjrta fhiarfjr fhiarfjr y suparfjr ah su lug`r. LLudrfqua udrfqua al vàst`gj mal `kjrtfgu`mjr y al puhtj ma if ifo`cfóh o`cfóh ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh gr`s` Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al rasjrta ah su lug`r y usa al g`tj p`r` lav`ht`r l` p`l`hc`, `saguràhmjsa ma qua ljs axtrakjs mal rasjrta astæh cjrract`kahta cjljc`mjs ah ljs zóc`ljs. 3. @lfhaa 3. @lfhaa al dr`zj fhiarfjr cjh al cudj a fhsarta al parhj ma pfvjta axtarfjr. @tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s huav`s ah ljs parhjs ma l`s dfs`gr`s fhtarfjr y axtarfjr, `pratàhmjljs ` k`hj. =. @lfhaa =. @lfhaa l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `kjrtfgu`mjr cjh l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr, fhsarta al parhj ma kjht`oa y `tjrhflla l` huav` tuarc` cjh l` k`hj. 1. D`oa 1. D`oa al g`tj y sualta al dr`zj fhiarfjr. Suoata ljs tudjs ma irahj y ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs `l dr`zj fhiarfjr utflfz`hmj ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` ruam` tr`sar` y d`oa al c`rrj. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua ljs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r. @prat`r l`s tuarc`s `l p`r raquarfmj. ^`s`mjr ma cudj ma suspahsfó suspahsfóh h tr`sar` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Ah 4. Ah vabëculjs cjh @DS, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal sahsjr kjht`mj ah l` ruam` y ratëralj mal aoa. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al cudj ma l` ruam` tr`sar`. =. Qs`hmj =. Qs`hmj uh` `dr`z`mar` ah ijrk` ma G, prasfjha l` k`hguar` mal irahj ah l` udfc`cfóh kàs carc`h` `l cflfhmrj ma irahj ah iuhcf jh`kfahtj. 1. Lfkpfa 1. Lfkpfa ljs r`strjs ma sucfam`m `lramamjr ma l` cjhaxfóh mal tudj mal irahj `l cflfhmrj mal irahj ma tr`d`oj. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma uhfóh y ratfra al tudj mal irahj mal cflfhmrj mal irahj. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta uh c`dla ma uh `ccfjh`kfahtj ma uh irahj k`hu`l. Mas`tjrhflla ljs = parhjs ma kjht`oa p`r` al cjhouhtj mal prjtactjr mal irahj ah al aoa y ratfra al prjtactjr mal vabëculj. 7. Cjljqua 7. Cjljqua al g`tj mad`oj mal axtrakj axtarfjr mal dr`zj fhiarfjr y lavàhtalj ma k`har` qua al rasjrta tr`sarj quama lfgar`kahta cjkprfkfmj. 2. Masahrjsqua 2. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y sualta l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` mal kuðóh. 6. Mastjrhflla 6. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` y ratfra l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh ma uh p`s`mjr gfr`tjrfj. 0>. 0>. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs y tuarc`s ma suoacfóh ma l`s dfs`gr`s axtarh`s ma l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr y suparfjr. 00. 00. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` y s`qua uh parhj ma suoacfóh mal akpuoa ` uh p`s`mjr. Tatfra al aoa mal cjcba. 04. 04. Cjkpruada Cjkpruada al ast`mj mal p`s`mjr y, sf astà maiactujsj, sustftÿy`lj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma uh p`s`mjr as hacas`rfj us`r sjlj tuarc`s huav`s. Ludrfqua ljs parhjs ma pfvjta y l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj ma l` suspahsfóh y l`s tuarc` tuarc`ss cjh K Kjlyejta jlyejta P T`pfma ^lus Qhfvars`l Ludrfc`ht.
4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al aoa ah su lug`r, fhsarta ljs parhjs ma l` dfs`gr` axtarfjr axtarfjr qua `sagur`h al aoa ` ljs dr`zjs suparfjr a fhiarfjr y `l parhj ma akpuoa. @tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s huav`s ah ljs parhjs. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` y l` rótul` mal dr`zj ma guë`. @sagÿraljs cjh tuarc`s huav`s, `pratàhmjl`s cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al cjhouhtj mal prjtactjr mal irahj ah al kuðóh y `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal prjtactjr `l p`r aspacfifc`mj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la al cudj ah al parhj ma mall aoa. 9. Cjhacta 9. Cjhacta al tudj mal irahj `l cflfhmrj mal irahj ma tr`d`oj y `prfata l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa cjh al p`r raquarfmj. Tatfra al clfp ma l` k`hguar` mal irahj y purgua al sfstak` ma irahjs. 7. Ah 7. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh @DS, fhst`la al sahsjr ma rjt`cfóh ma l` ruam` ah al kuðóh. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l` ruam` tr`sar` y d`oa al c`rrj. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r. @prfata ljs parhjs ma l` dfs`gr` suparfjr a fhiarfjr y al parhj ma akpuoa cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` mal dr`zj fhiarfjr Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al kualla balfcjfm`l. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al parhj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr y ratfra al dr`zj fhiarfjr mal vabëculj. Tap`r`cfóh Taakpl`z`r Taakp l`z`r al k`hgu k`hguftj ftj fhtarhj mal dr`zj fhiarfjr raqufara al usj ma uh` prahs` bfmràulfc` y k`hmrflas aspacf`las, pjr lj qua mada b`carsa ah l` ast`cfóh ma k`htahfkfahtj. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa cjkplat`kahta l` p`l`hc` fhiarfjr y al àra` `lramamjr ma l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` p`l`hc` ma l` sucfam`m y al racudrfkfahtj `htfcjrrjsfóh. 4. Tavfsa 4. Tavfsa l` p`l`hc` ah dusc` ma grfat`s, maijrk`cfjhas u jtrjs sfghjs ma masg`sta. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua ljs parhjs ma l` dfs`gr` y ljs puhtjs ma cjht`ctj ma l` tuarc` cjh al ludrfc`hta Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al dr`zj fhiarfjr ah su lug`r a fhsarta al parhj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al kualla balfcjfm`l ma l` suspahsfóh tr`sar`. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` mal dr`zj suparfjr supa rfjr Axtr`ccfóh mal k`rcj fhiarfjr
Al tjrhfllj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr ma l` p`l`hc` suparfjr maracb` sa fhmfc` kamf`hta l` ilacb`.
Takjcfóh @TK Takjcfóh @TK
MATACB@ MATACB@
^`r` axtr`ar al parhj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr ma l` p`l`hc` suparfjr maracb`, mada d`o`r cjkplat`kahta l` suspahsfóh tr`sar` y al k`rcj fhiarfjr (cjhsulta l`
Ifgur`. Axtr`ccfóh mal k`rcj fhiarfjr Ifgur`. fhiarfjr ). Astj mada b`carsa ah l` ast`cfóh KJ]. Takjcfóh
ma DT@_J
F_PQFATM@ F_PQFATM@
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al g`tj mad`oj mal axtrakj axtarfjr mal dr`zj fhiarfjr fhiarf jr y lav`hta al g`tj p`r` qua al rasjrta quama lfgar`kahta cjkprfkfmj. cjkprf kfmj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s, qufta ljs parhjs ma l` l ` dfs`gr` fhtarh`.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s, ratfra ljs parhjs ma l` dfs`gr` axtarh` y ratfra l` p`l`hc` ma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl, kfahtr`s lj lfdar` mal kjht`oa mal c`dla mal irahj ma ast`cfjh`kfahtj.
1. Lfkpfa 1. Lfkpfa l` p`l`h p`l`hc` c` ma ll`` sucfam`m y al racudrfk racudrfkfahtj fahtj `htfcjrrjsfóh y cjkpruada su ast`mj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ahgr`sa 0. Ahgr`sa ljs tjrhflljs ma l` dfs`gr` cjh gr`s` Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus.
4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` p`l`hc` ah su lug`r, fhsarta ljs parhjs ma l`s dfs`gr`s y `tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ah alljs, sfh `prat`rljs cjkplat`kahta. 3. Kjht`r 3. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r. @prfata l`s tuarc`s ma ljs parhjs ma pfvjta suparfjr `l tjrqua raquarfmj. Dr`zj ma suspahsfó suspahsfóh h tr`sarj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al g`tj mad`oj mal axtrakj axtarfjr mal dr`zj fhiarfjr y lavàhtalj ma k`har` qua al rasjrta ma suspahsfóh sa ahcjo` lfgar`kahta. 3. Masahrjsqua 3. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al parhj ma pfvjta qua suoat` l` p`l`hc` ma guë` `l aoa.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 3 parhjs (astàh aspac aspacfifc`mjs fifc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma ljs suoat`mjras ma uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh ` uh cuarpj y ratfra al cjhouhtj ma l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh.
Tap`r`cfóh Tap`r`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Masahrjsqua 0. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` qua suoat` l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` mal dr`zj guë`. 4. Lfkpfa 4. Lfkpfa l` p`l`hc` ma guë` ma l` sucfam`m y al racudrfkfahtj `htfcjrrjsfóh y cjkpruada su ast`mj.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ludrfqua 0. Ludrfqua ljs parhjs cjh gr`s` uhfvars`l Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus. 4. Sf 4. sa ratfróifh`lkahta. l` suspahsfóh ma l` p`l`hc` ma mfraccfóh, ast`dlacar al parhj cjh dfs`gr` ma l` ifo`cfóh ma uh` suspahsfóh y `tjrhfll`r uh` tuarc` huav`, sfh Sf`prat`rl` 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al dr`zj ma guë` ah su lug`r y `sagura al dr`zj ma suspahsfóh `l cuarpj cjh ljs parhjs. =. @cjpla =. @cjpla l` p`l`hc` ma guë` `l aoa, sfh `prat`r cjkplat`kahta l` tuarc`. 1. Fhst`l`r 1. Fhst`l`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. @gfta al `utj p`r` qua tjmjs ljs alakahtjs ma suspahsfóh c`fg`h ah su lug`r. @prfata tjmjs ljs parhjs y tuarc`s `l p`r raquarfmj. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` ma tr`ccfóh Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Cjljqua 4. Cjljqua al g`tj mad`oj mal axtrakj axtarfjr mal dr`zj fhiarfjr y lavàhtalj ma k`har` qua al rasjrta sa ahcjo` lfgar`kahta. 3. @plfqua 3. @plfqua l`s k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ahtra l` `r`hmal` aspacf`l mal parhj ma pfvjta fhtarfjr y al k`rcj fhiarfjr. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh mal akpuoa, ast`s atfquat`s parkftfràh k`htahar ljs àhguljs ma fhst`l`cfóh ma l` ruam` tr`sar`.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa ma l` rótul` mal aoa tr`sarj y ratfra l` rótul` mal aoa.
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` qua suoat` al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` fhtarh` y ratfra l` `r`hmal` aspacf`l. Tatfra al parhj ma l` dfs`gr` y ratfra l` `rtfcul`cfóh tr`sar` mal vabëculj.
9. Lfkpfa 9. Lfkpfa cjkplat`kahta l` tr`ccfóh ma l` sucfam`m y al racudrfkfahtj `htfcjrrjsfóh. Cjkpruada su ast`mj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa l`s rjsc`s mal parhj ma l` dfs`gr` y l` rótul` y ludrfqua l` suparifcfa ma cjht`ctj ma l`s huav`s tuarc`s cjh gr`s` Kjlyejta G T`pfma ^lus. 4. Yualv` 4. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l` `rtfcul`cfóh tr`sar` a fhsarta al parhj ma l` dfs`gr`. Fhst`la uh` `r`hmal` aspacf`l ah al parhj p`r` qua sa fhst`la cjrract`kahta ah al parhj y sa cjljqua cjhtr` al djrma ah al k`rcj fhiarfjr. Iëoalj cjh uh` huav` tuarc`, sfh `prat`rlj cjkplat`ka cjkplat`kahta. hta. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htas ma ratfr`rlj y `prfata al parhj ma kjht`oa `l p`r raquarfmj. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` rótul` ah al kuðóh y `sagÿral` cjh uh` tuarc` huav`, `pratàhmjl` cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Sf =. Sf as hacas`rfj, `ousta al àhgulj ma l` ruam` tr`sar`. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` ma d`rr` ast`dflfz`mjr` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s tr`sar`s.
4. Mastjrhflla 4. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ratfra l`s `l`s ma ljs l js axtrakjs mal ast`dflfz`mjr.
3. @plfqua 3. @plfqua k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ahtra ljs c`squflljs ma kjht`oa y al ast`dflfz`mjr. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra ljs clfps ma kjht`oa mal ast`dflfz`mjr.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al ast`dflfz`mjr ma mad`oj mal vabëculj y ratfra ljs duoas ma fhst`l`cfóh. 9. Tavfsa 9. Tavfsa ljs alakahtjs mal ast`dflfz`mjr ah dusc` ma masg`sta y m`ðjs. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la ljs duoas ma gjk` ah al ast`dflfz`mjr. @lfhaa l`s k`hg`s mal ast`dflfz`mjr ` lj l`rgj ma l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta y cjlóqual`s ma kjmj qua l`s suparifcfas pl`h`s quamah ah l` p`rta suparfjr y l` r`hur` ma l`s k`hg`s quama b`cf` al irahta. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al ast`dflfz`mjr y `prfat `prfataa l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma su f hst`l`cfóh hst`l`cfóh.. C Cjhacta jhacta l`s ascah`s cjh ljs axtrakjs mal ast`dflfz`mjr y ` prfat prfataa l`s tuarc` tuarc`ss qua suoat`h l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma kjht`oa mal ast`dflfz`mjr cjh al p`r raquarfmj. 3. @tjrhflla 3. @tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s huav`s qua `sagur`h al ahl`ca `l ast`dflfz`mjr y `prfætal`s `l p`r raquarfmj. =. Fhst`l`r =. Fhst`l`r l`s ruam`s y d`o`r al cjcba. Suspahsfóh tr`sar` ma ast`dflfz` a st`dflfz`mjr mjr ma d`cest`ga Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta tr`sar` mal `utj y `sagÿralj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` tr`sar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h al ahl`ca `l ast`dflfz`mjr y `l p`s`mjr. Tatfra l` cjrramar` ma mad`oj mal cjcba.
3. Yarfifqua 3. Yarfifqua al ast`mj mal d`cest`ga y raakplàcalj sf astà m`ð`mj. Fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Yjl`hta @mvartahcf` Ah ljs vabëculjs aqufp`mjs cjh uh` djls` ma `fra ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr, l` p`l`dr` @FTD@G astà fkpras` ah al dljqua mal vjl`hta. KJMALJS SFH @FTD@G
L` L`
Takjcfóh Takjcfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjljc` 0. Cjljc` l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s p`r` sagufr ractj. 4. Qs`hmj 4. l` p`l`hc`, ratfra kjlmur` 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Qs`hmj Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj mal`ifo`cfóh ma mal uh cahtrj vjl`hta.mal vjl`hta. =. Cjljqua =. Cjljqua k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ah al aoa ma l` mfraccfóh y al vjl`hta, luagj ratfra al vjl`hta ma l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma l` mfraccfóh. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 4. @sagÿrasa 4. @sagÿrasa ma qua l` past`ð` mal fhtarruptjr `utjkàtfcj astæ ah l` pjsfcfóh cahtr`l. 3. @lfhaa 3. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s `plfc`m`s mur`hta l` axtr`ccfóh y `prfata al parhj `l p`r raquarfmj.
KJMALJS
CJH
@FTD@G
Takjcfóh Takjcfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` djls` ma `fra. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s p`r` cjhmucfr ah lëha` ract`. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh ma uh vjl`hta y jdsarva l` pjsfcfóh kutu` ma uh aoa ma mfraccfóh y uh vjl`hta.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) mal sjpjrta mal `frd`g y ratfra al vjl`hta ma mfraccfóh ma l`s r`hur`s mal aoa ma mfraccfóh.
Fhst`l`cfóh
L` L`
fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjlukh` ma mfraccfjh Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al vjl`hta. Ah vabëculjs cjh `frd`g, ratfra al cjht`ctj ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. 3. Ah 3. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, qufta al fhtarruptjr ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. =. @dr` =. @dr` al tacl`mj mal fhkjvflfz`mjr.
1. Gfra 1. Gfra l` `dr`z`mar` 6> ¾ y d`oa l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas.
9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal dljqua ma ll`va, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al djrma fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr mal fhtarruptjr ma ahcahmfmj udfc`mj ah ljs c`dlas mal fhtarruptjr ma ahcahmfmj.
2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) y ratfra uh sjpjrta ma suspahsfóh ma l` suoacfóh ma ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs ` uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
6. Dljquaa 6. Dljquaa l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh prasfjh`hmj al djtóh ma dljquaj ah l` d`sa mal aoa ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
0>. 0>. Cjh Cjh uh` pfhtur` j uh k`rc`mjr, `plfqua k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ahtra l` ouht` uhfvars`l ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y al aoa fhtarkamfj. Mastjrhflla al parhj ma suoacfóh (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
00. 00. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh if o`cfóh (astàh aspacfifc`mjs aspacfifc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
04. 04. Akpuoa Akpuoa al `lt`vjz b`cf` `rrfd` y b`cf` `iuar` mal `utjkóvfl.
Cjkprjd`r TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
Cjkpruada al ast`mj ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh pjr m`ðjs y masg`sta. Cjkpruada al ouagj mal aoa ma l` mfraccfóh ah ljs cudjs ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y al ast`mj ma l`s ouht`s uhfvars`las. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma fhst`l`r l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh, ratfra al ratahamjr ma l` tuarc` mal parhj ma suoacfóh (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) y ratfra l` tuarc` vfao`. Fhst`la uh` tuarc` huav` ah al ratahamjr a fhstàlal` cjh al ratahamjr ah l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
4. @lfhaa 4. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s `plfc`m`s `htas ma l` axtr`ccfóh a fhst`la l` ouht` ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh uhfvars`l ah al aoa fhtarkamfj.
3. Maslfca 3. Maslfca l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh ah al aoa fhtarkamfj y vualv` ` fhst`l`r. @sagura l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh cjh ljs parhjs, `pratàhmjljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al parhj ma l` `dr`z`mar` ma l` ouht` uhfvars`l y `prfætalj `l p`r raquarfmj. 1. Fhst`l`cfóh 1. Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l `mfcfjh`l sa s a ra`lfz` ah al jrmah j rmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Aoa ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh fhtark fhtarkamf` amf` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 3. @plfqua 3. @plfqua l`s k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ah al aoa fhtarkamfj y al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma suoacfóh y al parhj mal aoa fhtarkamfj. @l fhst`l`r, usa uh` huav` tuarc`. =. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla 3 tuarc`s qua suoat`h uh` làkfh` ma uh aoa fhtarkamfj ` uh` p`rtfcfóh ma uh cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 1. Masma 1. Masma al fhtarfjr mal vabëculj, maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` mal aoa fhtarkamfj y ratfra al aoa fhtarkamfj mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Cjkprjd`r JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Tavfsa al aoa fhtarkamfj ah dusc` ma masg`sta y m`ðjs. Sf b`y m`ðjs ah l` làkfh` ma gjk`, mada raakpl`z`rsa.
Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @lfhaa 0. @lfhaa l`s k`rc`s `plfc`m`s `htas ma ratfr`r al aoa fhtarkamfj y maslfca al aoa fhtarkamfj sjdra al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la uh` làkfh` ma gjk` sjdra al aoa fhtarkamfj ah l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 3. Masma 3. Masma mad`oj mal vabëculj, fhst`la al parhj ma suoacfóh mal aoa fhtarkamfj y `sagÿralj cjh uh` tuarc` huav`, `pratàhmjlj cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ma l` cudfart` prjtact prjtactjr`. jr`. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. Fhtarruptjr ma ahcahmfmj GTQ^J MA CJH]@C]J LJCE LJCE
Takjcfóh Takjcfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. @dr` 4. l` cudfart` mal ydljqua ll`va yfhiarfjr mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. ljs @dr` tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ratframa al djrma mal p`hal ma fhstruka fhs trukahtjs. htjs.Gfra l` `dr`z`mar` 6> ¾ y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas. Mastjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr ma uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y ratfra l`s cudfart`s suparfjr a fhiarfjr ma uh` cjlukh`. =. Fhsarta =. Fhsarta l` ll`va ah l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj y gëral` ` l` prfkar` pjsfcfóh. Maslfca al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa, mavualv` l` ll`va ` l` pjsfcfóh ma `p`g`mj y axtràfg`l` mal fhtarruptjr ma ahcahmfmj.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa mal grupj ma cjht`ctj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al grupj ma cjht`ctjs ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` c`o` ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj.
7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj udfc`mj ah ljs c`dlas mal grupj ma cjht`ctj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @htas 0. @htas ma l` fhst`l`cfóh, `lfhaa ljs jrfifcfjs ah al cahtrj mal grupj ma cjht`ctj cjh al cflfhmrj ma dljquaj. Madfmj ` l` ijrk` `sfkætrfc` mal p`s`mjr ma cjhtrjl mal cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur`, al grupj ma cjht`ctjs sjlj sa puama fhst`l`r ah uh` pjsfcfóh. 4. Ast`dlazc` 4. Ast`dlazc` al grupj ma cjht`ctj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj ah su p`rta pjstarfjr y iëoalj cjh uh sjpjrta. 3. Gfra 3. Gfra l` ll`va ah al fhtarruptjr ma ahcahmfmj ` l` prfkar` pjsfcfóh p`r` qua al cflfhmrj ma dljquaj astæ cjkplat`kahta `lfha`mj cjh l` c`o`. Maslfca al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ah su lug`r y varfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj. =. Cjhacta =. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal grupj ma cjht`ctj ma dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj `l `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. 1. Fhst`l`cfóh 1. Fhst`l`cfóh `mfcfjh`l `mfcfjh`l sa s a ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh` alfkfh`cfóh. cfóh. Cflfhmrj ma ahcahmfmj Maskjht`oa Maskjht`oa TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al grupj ma cjht`ctj ma dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj.
4. Maslfca 4. Maslfca al cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj p`r` s`c`rlj ma l` c`o`, jdsarv`hmj l` udfc`cfóh mal dljquaj ma l` mfraccfóh. Tatfra l` t`p` mal cflfhmrj ma dljquaj.
3. ^rasta 3. ^rasta `tahcfóh ` l` udfc`cfóh ma ljs p`s`mjras ma fhst`l`cfóh ah al c`sj mal dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj y, sf as hacas`rfj, ratëraljs.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @lfhaa 0. @lfhaa al dljquaj ma l` mfraccfóh cjh al cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj a fhst`la l` cudfart` macjr`tfv` ah al cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj. Yarfifqua qua ljs p`s`mjras ma pjsfcfjh`kfahtj astæh ah su lug`r ah l` c`o` ma ahcahmfmj. Fhst`la al cjhouhtj mal cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj ah l` c`o`. @l kfskj tfakpj, `lfhaa al dljquaj ma l` mfraccfóh cjh l` r`hur` ma l` c`rc`s`. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la al grupj ma cjht`ctj ma dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj. DLJPQAJ MA AHCAHMFMJ AHCAHMFMJ @mvartahcf` Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj as hacas`rfj utflfz`r huavjs parhjs ma cjrta. Alfkfh`cfóh Alfkfh`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. Tatfra al vjl`hta. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal fhtarruptjr ma l` ll`va ma ahcahmfmj mal `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh k`rtfllj y uh puhzóh (puhzóh), mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs cjrt`mjs ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s), gjlpa`hmj ah sus djrmas cjh uh puhzóh `lramamjr mal aoa b`st` qua hj sa puam`h mas`tjrhfll`r k`hu`lkahta. Mastjrhflla cjkplat`kahta ljs parhjs y ratfra l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj ma l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh.
Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj ah l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y `sagÿralj cjh huavjs parhjs ma sagurfm`m.
4. @prfata 4. @prfata ljs parhjs p`r` qua astæh `prat`mjs ma k`har` uhfijrka y gr`mu`l b`st` qua astæh lfgar`kahta `prat`mjs. Yarfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal dljquaj ma ahcahmfmj, luagj `prfata c`m` parhj ma k`har` qua l` c`daz` mal parhj quama cjrt`m`. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta al cjhactjr ma l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj alæctrfcj `l `rhæs ma c`dla`mj prfhcfp`l. Ahgr`h`oa ma mfraccfjh Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al c`dla y l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` ma l` p`rta suparfjr mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Sf astà prasahta, sualta al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` c`o` mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h l`s `rtfcul`cfjhas ma rótul` ma l`s v`rfll`s ma mfraccfóh `l humfllj ma l` mfraccfóh y ratfra l`s rótul`s ma ljs humflljs ma l` mfraccfóh. =. Qsa =. Qsa pfhtur` j k`rc`mjr p`r` pjhar k`rc`s ma `lfha`cfóh ah al aoa fhtarkamfj y al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Mastjrhflla al parhj ma suoacfóh (0) y l` tuarc`. Ah l` fhst`l`cfóh, as hacas`rfj utflfz`r uh` tuarc` huav` (4 - uh` tjk` ma cjrrfahta, 3 tudjs).
1. Qs`hmj 1. Qs`hmj `dr`z`mar`s ah G, `prfata l`s k`hguar`s ma `lfkaht`cfóh y ratjrhj ` l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm`. 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s mal tudj ma ahtrag` y ratjrh`dla mal `kplfifc`mjr ma uh` mfraccfóh mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh.
7. Sualta 7. Sualta ljs tudjs ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` ma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y maslëcaljs `laoàhmjljs mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh (astàh aspacfifc`mjs aspacfifc`m js pjr ilacb`s) y tjka ljs ijrrjs udfc`mjs ahtra al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh y al k`rcj fhiarfjr.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh mal aoa fhtarkamfj y ratfra al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh ma mad`oj mal vabëculj. Tap`r`cfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tavfsa 0. Tavfsa al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh pjr masg`sta y m`ðjs. Cjkpruada qua l` crak`llar` sa kuav` lfdrakahta mur`hta tjmj al racjrrfmj. Cjkpruada al ouagj ahtra al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh y l` crak`llar` maht`m`. Tavfsa tjm`s l`s cjhaxfjhas bfmràulfc`s p`r` matact`r iug`s. 4. L` rap`r`cfóh L` rap`r`cfóh mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh mada b`carsa ah l` ast`cfóh ma sarvfcfj. Sjlj as pjsfdla raakpl`z`r l`s cudfart`s prjtactjr`s mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh, l`s ouht`s asiærfc`s ma l`s d`rr`s ma mfraccfóh y l`s d`rr`s ma mfraccfóh. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh ah su lug`r `lfha`hmj al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh cjh al aoa fhtarkamfj, tahfahmj ah cuaht` l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta. 4. Fhsarta 4. Fhsarta l`s ouht`s ahtra al k`rcj fhiarfjr y al kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Fhsarta ljs parhjs mal kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh y `prfætaljs `l p`r raquarfmj. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta ljs tudjs ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ma cjhaxfóh `l p`r raquarfmj. @sagura ljs tudjs cjh gr`p`s y ratfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l`s k`hguar`s. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al parhj ma suoacfóh mal aoa fhtarkamfj y l` tuarc` huav`. @prfætaljs `l p`r raquarfmj. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l`s `rtfcul`cfjhas ma rótul` ah ljs humflljs ma l` mfraccfóh y `sagÿral`s cjh tuarc`s huav`s. 9. Cjhacta 9. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` p`ht`ll` tærkfc` `l kac`hfskj ma mfraccfóh. Fhst`l`r l`s ruam`s y d`o`r al cjcba. 7. @gragua 7. @gragua ilufmj `l t`hqua y purgua al `fra mal sfstak` bfmràulfcj. 2. Cjkpruada 2. Cjkpruada y, sf as hacas`rfj, `ousta ljs àhguljs ma l`s ruam`s. Taakpl`zj ma cudfart`s ma mfraccfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul`. 4. K`rqua 4. K`rqua l` udfc`cfóh ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ah l` v`rfll` ma mfraccfóh. Sualta l`s `dr`z`mar`s y maslfca l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` c`o` ma mfraccfóh b`st` al axtrakj ma l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj. 3. Lfkpfa 3. Lfkpfa l` v`rfll` ma uhfóh y l` c`o` ma l` mfraccfóh p`r p`r`` avft`r l` cjrrjsfóh, l`s k`rc`s y ljs djrmas `ifl`mjs. =. Maslfca =. Maslfca l` huav` cudfart` prjtactjr` sjdra l` v`rfll` ma uhfóh y `sagÿral` `l càrtar. @lfhaa al djrma axtarfjr ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` cjh l` k`rc` bacb` ah l` d`rr` ma mfraccfóh `htas ma ratfr`rl`, y ifoa l` cudfart` cjh huav`s `dr`z`mar`s. 1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` rótul` ma l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj. ^urg` ma `fra mal sfstak` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm`. L` alfkfh`cfóh mal `fra mal sfstak` mada ra`lfz`rsa maspuæs ma l` mascjhaxfóh ma ljs alakahtjs bfmràulfcjs mal sfstak`. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` ma llah`mj mal t`hqua y varfifqua al hfval mal lëqufmj. 4. Cu`hmj 4. Cu`hmj al kjtjr hj astà ah k`rcb`, gfra laht`kahta al vjl`hta ma mfraccfóh p`r` mataharlj v`rf`s vacas p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak`. Tapft` ast` jpar`cfóh b`st` qua al hfval ma lëqufmj ah al t`hqua mfskfhuy` sfghfifc`tfv`kahta. 3. @rr`hqua 3. @rr`hqua al kjtjr y gfra laht`kahta al vjl`hta masma l` p`r`m` b`st` l` p`r`m` v`rf`s vacas p`r` alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak`. Tapft` ast` jpar`cfóh b`st` qua l`s durduo`s ma `fra maoah ma `p`racar ah al t`hqua ma `lfkaht`cfóh. =. Sf =. Sf b`y uh rufmj axtr`ðj ah al sfstak` bfmràulfcj ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm`, astj fhmfc` qua tjm`vë` b`y `fra ah al sfstak`. 1. Maspuæs 1. alfkfh`r al `fra mal sfstak`, `p`gua al kjtjr y maoa qua al sfstak` sa ahirëa. Yarfifqua al hfval ma lëqufmj ah al t`hqua, qua mada ast`r `l Maspuæs hfval ma l`mak`rc` suparfjr. Djkd` ma mfraccfóh `sfstfm` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @iljoa 0. @iljoa l` tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh y ratfra l` cjrra` ma l` pjla` ma l` djkd`. L` djkd` ma l` mfraccfóh `sfstfm` astà udfc`m` `rrfd` j mad`oj mal `ltarh`mjr, mapahmfahmj mal tfpj ma kjtjr. Sf l` djkd` astà udfc`m` mad`oj mal gahar`mjr, su `ccasj as kàs cjhvahfahta masma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `utjkóvfl. 4. Qs`hmj 4. Qs`hmj `dr`z`mar`s ah G, `prfata l`s k`hguar`s ma sukfhfstrj y ratjrhj `lramamjr mal t`hqua ma sukfhfstrj. 3. Masahrjsqua 3. Masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al sjpjrta ma l` k`hgua k`hguar` r` ah l` p`rta pjstar pjstarfjr fjr ma l` djkd`. =. @iljoa =. @iljoa l` `dr`z`mar` ma l` k`hguar` y ratfra l` k`hguar` ma sukfhfstrj ma l` djkd`. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` y mascjhacta al tudj ma sukfhfstrj. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma l` djkd` y ratëralj ma uh dr`zj. 9. Sf 9. Sf l` djkd` as maiactujs`, mada raakpl`z`rsa cjkj uh cjhouhtj. Fhst`l`cfjh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhst`la 0. Fhst`la l` djkd` ah al sjpjrta y iëoal` cjh parhj parhjs. s. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ` l` djkd` y `tjrhëllal` cjh l` tuarc` ma `cjpl`kfahtj. Fhst`la al tudj ma sukfhfstrj ` l` djkd` y `sagÿralj cjh uh` `dr`z`mar` ma k`hguar`. Tatfra l`s `dr`z`mar`s ma l`s k`hguar`s. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la l` `dr`z`mar` ma l` k`hguar` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` djkd`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` cjrra` ma tr`hskfsfóh ah l` pjla` ma l` djkd` y `ousta l` tahsfóh. 1. Alfkfha 1. Alfkfha al `fra mal sfstak`. Ouht` ma rótul` ma d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` cjrraspjhmfahta. 4. Cjh 4. Cjh al tr`z`mjr, k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l` rótul` ah l` v`rfll` ma mfraccfóh. 3. Dljquaa 3. Dljquaa l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj y masahrjsqua l` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` rótul` uh cu`rtj ma vualt`. Hj kuav` l` cjhtr`tuarc` masma ast` pjsfcfóh, y` qua sarvfrà ma guë` `l fhst`l`r uh` huav` rótul`. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ` uh puðj gfr`tjrfj. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` rótul` ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma l` mfraccfóh.
9. Masahrjsqua 9. Masahrjsqua l` ouht` ma rótul` cjh l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj, cjhsfmar`hmj al hÿkarj ax`ctj ma ravjlucfjhas ma l` ouht` ma rótul`. 7. Cuahta 7. Cuahta al hÿkarj ma bfljs cjkplatjs ahtra al axtrakj ma l` rótul` y l` cjhtr`tuarc`. Sf as hacas`rfj fhst`l`r uh` huav` rótul`, masahrjsqua l` cjhtr`tuarc` ma l` ouht` `htarfjr. 2. Lfkpfa 2. Lfkpfa ` ijhmj l` rótul` y sus rjsc`s. Sf l` dfs`gr` tfaha uh` bjlgur` j sf su cudfart` prjtactjr` astà m`ð`m`, mada raakpl`z`rsa. Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Sf 0. Sf sa kjht` uh` ouht` ma rótul` huav` ah l` v`rfll` ma uhfóh, `tjrhflla l` cjhtr`tuarc` ah all` mur`hta al hÿkarj ma gfrjs qua budj ah l` ouht` ma rótul` `htfgu` cu`hmj sa ratfró. 4. @tjrhflla 4. @tjrhflla l` rótul` ah l` d`rr` ma `cjpl`kfahtj ` l` kfsk` valjcfm`m qua cu`hmj l` axtr`oj. @l kfskj tfakpj, l` tuarc` ma ifo`cfóh ah l` dfs`gr` mada fhst`l`rsa uh cu`rtj ma vualt` ma l` d`rr` ma mfraccfóh. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al p`s`mjr ma rótul` ah al kuðóh ma l` mfraccfóh, `sagÿralj cjh uh` tuarc` huav` y `prfætalj cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. =. Kjht`r =. Kjht`r l` ruam` y d`o`r al cjcba. 1. Cjkpruada 1. Cjkpruada y, sf as hacas`rfj, `ousta ljs àhguljs ma l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s. Maspuæs ma asj, `prfata l` cjhtr`tuarc` ma l` `rtfcul`cfóh ma rótul`. Fhijrk`cfóh gahar`l Al cuarpj astà bacbj ma pfaz`s ast`kp`m`s y sjlm`m`s, fhclufm`s l`s zjh`s ma trftur`cfóh ah l`s p`rtas mal`htar` y tr`sar` mal cuarpj y uh` p`rta cahtr`l rëgfm`. Al c`pó, l`s puart`s y `lguh`s jtr`s pfaz`s astàh bacb`s ma kat`l racudfartj ma zfhc y prjtagfm`s cjh uh` fkprfk`cfóh aspacf`l. Ljs k`tarf`las plàstfcjs sjh `kplf`kahta utflfz`mjs, utflfz`mjs, prfhcfp`lkahta ah ljs alakahtjs fhtarfjras y axtarfjras. Ljs p`r`cbjq p`r`cbjquas uas mal`htarjs y tr`sarjs y l` raofll` mal`htar mal`htar`` astàh bacbjs ma k`tarf`l sfhtætfcj.
Cufm`mj mal cuarpj Cjkpruada qua al ast`mj mal cuarpj mada llav`rsa ` c`dj ragul`rkahta. Ma lj cjhtr`rfj, l` cjrrjsfóh ma cfart`s p`rtas mal cuarpj puama prjvjc`r m`ðjs savarjs y, pjstarfjrkahta, rap`r`cfjhas cjstjs`s. ]`kdfæh as fkpjrt`hta prast`r `tahcfóh ` l`s p`rtas mal `utjkóvfl qua sjh fh`ccasfdlas p`r` l` vfst` axtarh`, pjr aoakplj, l` p`rta fhiarfjr, ljs p`sjs ma ruam` y l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, `së cjkj l`s p`rtas ma l` c`rrjcarë` jcult`s mad`oj ma l` Qsa t`pfcarë`. Al puhtj prfhcfp`l al cufm`mj maljcuarpj as su su`va. l`v`mj.Al@htas ma l`v`r jal ma `utjkóvfl, ljs fhsactjs y ratëraljs ma l`masuparifcfa mal cuarpj. kucb` `gu`. Qsa uh` ah aspjho` su`va uh capfllj ravastfkfahtj ravastfkfaht l `c` hjrakjoa sa puama l`v`r cjh uh cbjrrj prasfóh iuarta. Ahou`gua al `utjkóvfl cjh uh` k`hguar` y l`va l` sucfam`m ma `rrfd` b`cf` `d`oj. Ahou`gua l` aspjho` ` kahumj. Lfkpfa al cjcba cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj. Qsa sjl`kahta matargahtas masahgr`s`htas duahjs. ^`r` ljs ifhas ma prjtaccfóh, `gragua matargahtas ma l`v`mj `l `gu` ma l`v`mj. Astà prjbfdfmj l`v`r y sac`r al `utjkóvfl `l sjl, ma lj cjhtr`rfj l`s k`hcb`s park`hacaràh ah l` suparifcfa ma l` l`c`. L` s`l, qua sa asp`rca ah al c`kfhj, tfaha uh aiactj paroumfcf`l ah l` c`rrjcarë` c `rrjcarë` mal `utjkóvfl. @mvartahcf` Maspuæs ma l`v`r al cjcba madfmj ` l` bukam`m mfskfhuya l` aifc`cf` ma ljs irahjs. Sa racjkfahm` sac`r ljs mfscjs ma irahj prasfjh`hmj dravakahta al pam`l mal irahj `l cjkfahzj mal kjvfkfahtj. Cjhsarv`cfóh Cjhsarv`cfóh L` l`c` pur`kahta l`v`m` y sac` mada tr`t`rsa c`m` 3 kasas cjh cjhsarv`htas p`r` prjtagar l` suparifcfa mal `utjkóvfl ma l` fhtakparfa cra`hmj uh` c`p` ma car` hj pjrjs` y rapalahta `l `gu`. Alfkfha fhkamf`t`kahta fhkamf`t`kahta aall cjkdustfdla, al `cafta j l` gr`s` cjh iug`s y al lëqufmj ma irahjs, ma lj cjhtr`rfj, al cjljr ma l` c`p` ma l`c` c`kdf`rà.
Al tr`t`kfahtj ma l` suparifcfa mada rapatfrsa sf al `gu` hj sa racjga ah gjt`s y sa axtfahma sjdra l` suparifcfa. Al prjcas`kfahtj ragul`r ma cjhsarv`htas cjhtrfduy cjhsarv`htas cjhtrfduyaa ` l` cjhsarv`cfóh ` l `rgj pl`zj mal ravastfk ravastfkfahtj fahtj ma ll`c` `c` drfll`hta. Axfsta jtr` pjsfdflfm`m ma prjtagar ljs racudrfkfahtjs ma d`rhfz, us`hmj matargahtas y matargahtas. Sfh akd`rgj, ljs cjhsarv`htas matargahtas drfhm`h uh` prjtaccfóh cjhif`dla p`r` ljs racudrfkfahtjs ma l`c` sjlj sf sa us`h p`r` c`m` l`v`mj ma `utjs y `l kahjs 4-3 sak`h`s maspuæs. Maspuæs ma us`r `gahtas matargahtas (aspuk`htas), sa racjkfahm` aspacf`lkahta uh tr`t`kfahtj ma suparifcfa `mfcfjh`l cjh cjhsarv`htas. @mvartahcf` L` cjhsarv`cfóh hj sa puama b`car `l sjl `dfartj. ^ulfmj ^ulfmj
^ulfr l` suparifcfa ma l` l`c` as hacas`rfj sjlj sf sa b` masv`hacfmj madfmj ` uh k`htahfkfahtj fhsuifcfahta, l` axpjsfcfóh `l pjlvj, g`sas hjcfvjs, cjhmfcfjhas clfkàtfc`s y cjhsarv`htas hj puamah rast`ur`r rast`ur`r su drfllj. Hj utflfca p`st`s ma pulfmj d`stj y `gahtas ma pulfmj quëkfc`kahta `ctfvjs, ` pas`r ma ljs duahjs rasult`mjs fhfcf`las. L`va y saqua dfah `htas ma pulfr al vabëculj. Sfg` l`s fhstruccfjhas sjdra al usj ma prjmuctjs ma pulfmj. ^`r` pulfr p`r` b`car paquaðjs sftfjs cjh al ifh ma avft`r al sac`mj prak`turj ma d`rhfz. Maspuæs mal tr`t`kfahtj ma l` suparifcfa cjh `lguhjs `gahtas ma pulfmj, as hacas`rf` uh` cjhsarv`cfóh `mfcfjh`l. Astà prjbfdfmj pulfr `l sjl. L`s suparifcfas jp`c`s ma d`rhfz hj puamah sar prjcas`m`s pjr ljs kamfjs ma prasarv`cfóh y pulfmj. Alfkfh`cfóh ma k`hcb`s ma rasfh` L` rasfh` rasfh` sa mfiuhma ràpfm`kahta ah al racudrfkfahtj ma l` l`c` y hj sa puama alfkfh`r pjr cjkplatj. L`s k`hcb`s irasc`s ma l` rasfh` sa puamah alfkfh`r cjh uh p`ðj su`va bukamacfmj cjh g`sjlfh` ma l`v`mj. Ah c`sj ma akargahcf`, puama us`r g`sjlfh` ragul`r, quarjsahj j trakahtfh`. L`s k`hcb`s ma rasfh` sa alfkfh`h dfah cjh cjhsarv`htas ma l`c`. Ah asta c`sj, hj sa raqufara l`v`mj ma `utjs. Alfkfh`cfóh ma fhsactjs fhsactjs Ljs fhsactjs cjhtfahah sust`hcf`s qua puamah m`ð`r l` palëcul` ma l`c` sf hj sa alfkfh`h ràpfm`kahta. Ljs fhsactjs sa puamah l`v`r sjlj cjh uh` sjlucfóh ma o`dóh j matargahta mædfl y lfgar`kahta c`lfahta j cjh l` `yum` ma uh rakjvamjr ma fhsactjs aspacf`l. Alfkfh`cfóh ma kjrtarjs Al Al l`v`mj ma ljs k`tarf`las ma cjhstruccfóh sa l`v` cjh uh` sjlucfóh lfgar`kahta tfdf` ma matargahtas hautrjs. Hj irjta cjh iuarz`, ma lj cjhtr`rfj puama r`y`r al d`rhfz. Luagj ahou`gua dfah cjh `gu` lfkpf`.
Cufm`mj ma mat`llas ma k`tarf`las `rtfifcf`las. `rtfifcf`las. L`s pfaz`s ma plàstfcj, ljs `sfahtjs ma cuarj `rtfifcf`l, l`s lucas, `së cjkj l`s pfaz`s pfht`m`s ah hagrj k`ta, sa puamah puamah l` v`r cjh `gu` cjh l` `mfcfóh ma matargahtas aspacf`las. Hj sa racjkfahm` rag`r. L`s pfaz`s ma plàstfcj sa puamah prjcas`r, sf as hacas`rfj, cjh lfkpf`mjras aspacf`las. Hj utflfca mfsjlvahta hftrj j g`sjlfh`. Lfkpfaz` ma l`s g`i`s g`i`s Lfkpfa l`s g`i`s cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj y su`va pjr mahtrj y pjr iuar`. ^`r` sucfam`m axcasfv`, puama us`r `lcjbjl j `kjhë`cj y `gu` tfdf`, `së cjkj kamfjs aspacf`las p`r` lfkpf`r ljs v`sjs. @l l`v`r al lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s lav`hta. @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj utflfca lfkpf`mjras ma l`c` qua cjhtahg`h sflfcjh`, hj lfkpfa al vfmrfj cjh alljs. @l pulvarfz`r `arjsjlas qua cjhtfahah sflfcjh`, al vfmrfj mada cudrfrsa cjh c`rtóh u jtrjs k`tarf`las.
Cufm`mj mal sallj ma gjk` L`s suparifcfas ma sall`mj j maslfz`htas sa madah rjcf`r cjh t`lcj j rjcf`r cjh sflfcjh` parfómfc`kahta. Astj k`htahmrà su al`stfcfm`m y alfkfh`rà ljs cbfrrfmjs `l carr`r l`s puart`s. Alfkfha ljs sjhfmjs mas`gr`m`dlas lfkpf`hmj l`s suparifcfas ma cjht`ctj cjh o`dóh lëqufmj. L`s ruam`s ma kat`l lfgarj raqufarah cufm`mj, aspacf`lkahta mur`hta l` takpjr`m` ma irëj. ^`r` b`car astj, puama us`r uh` barr`kfaht` aspacf`l p`r` lfkpf`r mfscjs. Hj utflfca prjmuctjs ma lfkpfaz` `ctfvjs, àcfmjs, iuartakahta `lc`lfhjs y iuartas hf `gu` cjh uh` takpar`tur` suparfjr ` + 9> ¾ C. Ljs cfhturjhas ma sagurfm`m madah l`v`rsa cjh uh` sjlucfóh `lc`lfh` mædfl, sfh quft`rljs. Hj ljs lfkpfa ah sacj, lj qua puama c`us`r l` ruptur` ma l` ifdr`. L`s cjrra`s ma ahrjll`mj `utjkàtfcj madah tjrcarsa ah ast`mj sacj5 sf as hacas`rfj, usa uh `arjsjl aspacf`l p`r` uh kaojr maslfz`kfahtj. Hj sa racjkfahm` sac`r l`s cjrra`s ` takpar`tur`s suparfjras ` 2> ¾ C y `l sjl. Cufm`mjs ma t`pfcarë` y `lijkdr`s. Tavastfkfahtjs ma tal` tal` JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lfkpfa 0. Lfkpfa ljs `sfahtjs dl`hmjs cjh uh` `spfr`mjr` j uh capfllj rëgfmj. Lfkpfa ljs `sfahtjs kuy sucfjs cjh aspuk` sac`. ]r`ta l` gr`s` y l`s k`hcb`s ma `cafta cjh g`sjlfh` lfkpf` j quft`k`hcb`s. 4. Al lfkpf`mjr Al lfkpf`mjr hj sa puama vartar mfract`kahta sjdra al p`ðj. L` k`hcb` sa kuastr` `l lfkpf`rl` ` lj l`rgj mal cjhtjrhj masma al djrma mal puhtj b`st` al cahtrj. Jtrjs cjht`kfh`htas puamah alfkfh`rsa utflfz`hmj `gu` o`djhjs` lfgar`kahta tfdf`. @sfahtjs ma cuarj cuarj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh al ast`cfjh`kfahtj ` l`rgj pl`zj d`oj al sjl, ljs `sfahtjs y ljs rapjs`c`daz`s madah cudrfrsa cjhtr` al `gjt`kfahtj. ^rahm`s ma puhtj y tr`pjs ma l`h` lfgar`kahta lfgar`kahta kjo`mjs y lfkpfa l`s suparifcfas ma cuarj p`r` hj kjo`r l` pfal y l`s cjstur`s. 4. Luagj 4. Luagj lfkpfa l` suparifcfa sac` cjh uh p`ðj su`va. L` cjht`kfh`cfóh iuarta sa puama alfkfh`r cjh matargahtas raifh`mjs sfh flukfh`mjras (4 cucb`r`m`s pjr 0 l ma `gu`). L`s k`hcb`s ma gr`s` y `cafta sa alfkfh`h cjh kjvfkfahtjs lfgarjs cjh g`sjlfh` pur`. 3. Ljs `sfahtjs Ljs `sfahtjs ma cuarj l`v`mj madah tr`t`rsa cjh uh `gahta `htfastàtfcj. @gft`r `htas ma us`r y `plfc`r ah uh` c`p` malg`m` cjh uh p`ðj su`va. Maspuæs mal sac`mj, irjta cjh uh p`ðj lfkpfj y su`va. Asta tr`t`kfahtj sa racjkfahm` c`m` 9 kasas. =. @htas =. @htas ma fhst`l`r l`s `lijkdrfll`s ah su lug`r, `sagÿrasa ma qua astæh cjkplat`kahta sac`s. @mvartahcf` Cu`hmj usa matargahtas lëqufmjs mahtrj mal `utjkóvfl, fhtahta hj kjo`r l` suparifcfa lfkpf`. Tap`r`r m`ðjs kahjras ah al cuarpj
Tap`r`r m`ðjs kahjras ah al cuarpj T`sc`rsa al cuarpj cuarpj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sf 0. Sf al r`sguðj as suparifcf`l y hj llag` `l kat`l, lfkpfa al àra` `lramamjr mal r`sguðj cjh uh raifh`mjr ma pfhtur` j uh` p`st` `dr`sfv` ma gr`hj ifhj. Ahou`gua l` suparifcfa cjh `gu` lfkpf`.@plfc` uh` ifh` c`p` ma pfhtur` ah al r`sguðj cjh uh pfhcal y mao` qua sa saqua. Cjhtfhÿa `plfc`hmj pfhtur` b`st` qua al r`sguðj astæ `l hfval ma l` suparifcfa cfrcuhm`hta. Maoa qua l` pfhtur` sa ahmurazc` mur`hta 4 sak`h`s, luagj lfoa l` c`p` ma pfhtur` `plfc`m` `l hfval ma l` k`hcb` cfrcuhm`hta. Ifh`lkahta, pul` l` suparifcfa mal cuarpj cjh p`st` ma car`. 4. Sf 4. Sf al r`sguðj, maspuæs ma b`dar m`ð`mj l` pfhtur`, pahatró ah al kat`l mal cuarpj, luagj, utflfz`hmj l` puht` ma uh cucbfllj `ifl`mj, ratfra al óxfmj mal r`sguðj. @plfqua al cjhvartfmjr ma óxfmj ma `cuarmj cjh sus fhstruccfjhas. @ cjhtfhu`cfóh, pjhar uh` aspàtul` ah l` p`st` ma k`sfll` ma carj. Maspuæs ma qua astæ cjkplat`kahta sacj, pfhta y pul` al àra` m`ð`m`. Tap`r`cfóh ma `djll`mur`s ah l` astructur` cjrpjr`l. cjrpjr`l. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh` bahmfmur` prjiuhm` ma ljs alakahtjs ma l` astructur` mal cuarpj, prfkarj tr`ta ma mjdl`r l` `djll`mur` b`st` l` kàxfk` `prjxfk`cfóh ` l` ijrk` hjrk`l mal cuarpj. Al kat`l mal cuarpj ah al lug`r ma fkp`ctj sa sjkata ` axtrusfóh, cjkj rasult`mj ma lj cu`l as fkpjsfdla l` rast`ur`cfóh cjkplat` ma l` ijrk` jrfgfh`l. L` `lfha`cfóh óptfk` ma l` `djll`mur` as `prjxfk`m`kahta 3 kk pjr mad`oj mal hfval ma l` suparifcfa cfrcuhm`hta. Sf b`y `ccasj `l fhtarfjr ma l` `djll`mur`, mada gjlpa`rlj su`vakahta cjh uh k`rtfllj su`va cjh uh` c`daz` ma k`mar` j ma plàstfcj. 4. Mur`hta 4. Mur`hta ast` jpar`cfóh, prasfjha cjh ifrkaz` l` d`rr` ma k`mar` cjrraspjhmfahta ah al axtarfjr mal àra` tjc`m`. Astj as hacas`rfj p`r` `dsjrdar ljs gjlpas ma k`rtfllj y p`r` avft`r l` ilaxfóh ma uh àra` kàs `kplf`. Sf l` `djll`mur` astà ah as` àra` mal cuarpj mjhma al `ccasj masma l` p`rta pjstarfjr as mfiëcfl j fkpjsfdla, ahtjhcas t`l`mra v`rfjs `guoarjs paquaðjs ah ljs puhtjs kàs prjiuhmjs ma l` `djll`mur`, `tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs `utjrrjsc`htas `utjrrjsc`ht as ah ljs `guoarj `guoarjss y axtr`fg` l` `djll`mur` cjh l` `yum` ma pfhz`s p`r` ras`lt`r l`s c`daz`s ma lljs js tjrhflljs.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` pfhtur` malah àra` y ` uh` mfst`hcf` 4> kkMaspuæs ` su `lramamjr. Astjl`sa puama b`car kàs uh` iàcflkahta uhpfhta capfllj ma `l`kdra j p`pal ma lfo` kjht`mj uh m`ð`m` cërculj uhfmj ` uh t`l`mrjma alæctrfcj. ma hfval`r `djll`mur`, cjljqua c`p` maus`hmj k`sfll`, y pul` sjdra all`. Tap`r`cfóh ma `guoarjs jxfm`mjs j `guoarjs ah l` astructur` mal cuarpj. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` pfhtur` mal àra` m`ð`m` y `prjxfk`m`kahta 4> kk `lramamjr ma all`. Cjh uh capfllj ma kat`l, lfkpfa al óxfmj sualtj ma l` suparifcfa katàlfc` mashum` ah al àra` m`ð`m`. ]r`ta al àra` m`ð`m` cjh uh cjhvartfmjr ma óxfmj ma `cuarmj cjh sus fhstruccfjhas. Cudr` al jrfifcfj cjhtr` al óxfmj j cjh uh` k`ll` katàlfc` j uh` tfr` ma p`pal ma `lukfhfj. 4. Cjrta 4. Cjrta uh trjzj ma l` raofll` qua cjrraspjhm` `prjxfk`m`kahta ` l` ijrk` mal jrfifcfj a fhsærtalj ah al jrfifcfj p`r` qua sus djrmas hj sjdras`lg`h mal hfval mal jrfifcfj mal p`hal cfrcuhm`hta.@sagÿralj cjh uhjs cu`htjs trjzjs ma p`st` ma k`sfll` `lramamjr mal parëkatrj. 3. Qs`hmj 3. Qs`hmj uh k`hgj ma mastjrhfll`mjr, `lfhaa ljs axtrakjs ma l` k`ll` p`r` qua sa `ousta pariact`kahta `l kat`l mal cuarpj. @ cjhtfhu`cfóh, k`sfll`, pfht` y pula l` p`rta m`ð`m` mal cuarpj.
K`sfll` y pfhtur` cjrpjr`l. cjrpjr`l. TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @l 0. @l ra`lfz`r al tr`d`oj ma puttyfhg, as hacas`rfj tahar uh` p`lat` ma plàstfcj j hyljh `hcb` y ilaxfdla p`r` qua l` k`sfll` quama su`va. @lfhaa l` k`sfll` ah l` p`rta m`ð`m` mal cuarpj p`r` m`rla l` ijrk` y l` su`vfm`m masa`m`s. ]`h prjhtj cjkj b`y` `lc`hz`mj `prjxfk`m`kahta al cjhtjrhj raquarfmj, maoa ma l` k`sfll` cjh uh` aspàtul`, cjkj sf as mak`sf`mj l`rgj, sa ahmuracarà, sa pag`rà ` l` aspàtul` y sa ahrjll`rà b`cf` `d`oj, c`us`hmj m`ðjs ah`lfs`r l` suparifcfa. 4. L` `plfc`cfóh L` `plfc`cfóh ma uh` c`p` ma k`sfll` pjstarfjr y kàs malg`m` sa mada b`car maspuæs ma qua l` c`p` `htarfjr sa b`y` sac`mj, y `së sucasfv`kahta b`st` qua al hfval ma l` k`sfll` cjkfahca ` sjdras`lfr lfgar`kahta pjr ahcfk` mal hfval mal àra` tr`t`m`. Maspuæs ma ahmuracar l` k`sfll`, su axcasj mada alfkfh`rsa cjh uh r`sp`mjr ma kat`l j uh` lfk`. 3. ^rjcas`kfahtj 3. ^rjcas`kfahtj `mfcfjh`l utflfz`hmj uh ouagj ma p`pal ma lfo`. Cjkfahca ` prjcas`r cjh al usj ma p`pal ma lfo` gruasj y luagj cjhtfhÿa cjh al gr`hj ifhj. Cjljqua al p`pal ma lfo` ah uh` d`rr` pl`h` ma k`mar`, ma lj cjhtr`rfj as fkpjsfdla ljgr`r uh` suparifcfa pl`h`. Ah l` at`p` ifh`l mal askarfl`mj, al p`pal ma lfo` fkparka`dla mada bukamacarsa parfómfc`kahta cjh `gu`. Astj la m` ` l` suparifcfa ma l` k`sfll` tr`t`m` uh` su`vfm`m aspacf`l. =. L` `djll`mur` L` `djll`mur` cjljc`m` mada ast`r rjma`m` pjr uh` c`p` ma kat`l purj `lramamjr mal parëkatrj. ^`r` alfkfh`r al pjlvj y l` gr`s` mal àra` tr`t`m`, l`va al àra` ` tr`t`r cjh `gu` y lfkpfa cjh uh` sjlucfóh masahgr`s`hta. Tjcëa uh` c`p` malg`m` ma tfarr` lfgar` sjdra al àra`. Astj `yum`rà ` fmahtfifc`r tjmjs ljs maiactjs ah l` k`sfll` mur`hta al prjcas`kfahtj. @lfhaa ljs maiactjs cjh uh` huav` c`p` ma k`sfll` y lfoa l` suparifcfa huav`kahta. Cjhtfhÿ` asta prjcamfkfahtj b`st` qua jdtahg`s l` suparifcfa pariact`. 1. Maspuæs 1. Maspuæs ma astj, al àra` ma rap`r`cfóh astà lfst` p`r` l` pfhtur` ifh`l. L` `plfc`cfóh ma pfhtur` ah `arjsjl sa mada ra`lfz`r ah uh `kdfahta càlfmj, sacj, sfh vfahtj y sfh pjlvj. Cu`hmj pfhta ah fhtarfjras, bukamazc` al pfsj mal lug`r ma tr`d`oj cjh `gu` p`r` avft`r qua al pjlvj fhgrasa `l `fra. Cu`hmj pfhta sjlj uh p`hal, l`s p`rtas rast`htas mal cuarpj madah cudrfrsa cjh pfhtur` cjh uh parfómfcj pag`mj cjh cfht` `mbasfv`. 9. @htas 9. @htas ma `plfc`r l` fkprfk`cfóh, `gfta al racfpfahta cjh all`, `plfqua uh` fkprfk`cfóh ah l` suparifcfa ma pruad` y `sagÿrasa ma qua quama pl`h`. @plfc`r uh` c`p` gruas` ma fkprfk`cfóh `plfc`hmj v`rf`s c`p`s malg`m`s. Lfoa l` suparifcfa fkprfk`m` cjh p`pal ma lfo` rasfstahta `l `gu`. Hj jlvfma rjcf`r al àra` ma lfo`mj cjh `gu` y kjo`r parfómfc`kahta al p`pal ma lfo` ah `gu`. Saqua al àra` ` tr`t`r `htas ma pfht`r.
7. L` `plfc`cfóh L` `plfc`cfóh ma uh` c`p` ma pfhtur` sa ra`lfz` cjhmaluh` pfstjl` pulvarfz`mjr`. Al grjsjr ma l` c`p` pfhtur` sa `ltarh`tfvjs ljgr` `plfc`hmj v`rf`s malg`m`s. L` pfhtur` mada cjkahz`r masma al cahtrj àra` pfht`m` y kjvarsa b`cf` ljs djrmas cjh ma kjvfkfahtjs b`st` qua c`p`s hj sa pfhta tjm` l` suparifcfa pfht`m`, pfht`m`, `së cjkj uhjs 4> kk ` su `lramamjr. Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` y ljs parfómfcjs 0>–01 kfhutjs maspuæs ma `plfc`r l` ÿltfk` c`p` ma pfhtur`. 2. Maoa 2. Maoa qua l` pfhtur` irasc` sa ahmurazc` mur`hta `l kahjs 4 sak`h`s, luagj usa uh rakjvamjr ma pfhtur` j uh` p`st` ma pulfmj `dr`sfv` p`r` `lfha`r ljs djrmas mal àra` pfht`m` cjh al hfval ma l` pfhtur` vfao`. ^ulfr l` suparifcfa. Tap`r`r m`ðjs cjrpjr`las savarjs Cjh m`ðjs sfghfifc`tfvjs `l cuarpj y l` l ` hacasfm`m ma raakpl`z`r uh` p`rta sfghfifc`tfv` sfghfifc`tfv` mal tr`d`oj, sa mada ra`lfz`r ah l` a st`cfóh ma k`htah k`htahfkfahtj. fkfahtj. Sf al m`ðj `l cuarpj sa mada ` uh iuarta fkp`ctj, as hacas`rfj ra`lfz`r uh cjhtrjl cjkplatj ma l`s mfkahsfjhas mal cuarpj. L` iuarz` y l` ijrk` ma tjmj al cuarpj puamah c`kdf`r cjkj rasult`mj mal m`ðj ` p`rtas fhmfvfmu`las. Sf l`s c`r`ctarëstfc`s ma rasfstahcf` y l`s mfkahsfjhas ma l` c`rrjcarë` hj sjh hjrk`las, ast` puama sar l` r`zóh ma l` fhc`p`cfm`m ma cjhtrjl`r `macu`m`kahta `macu`m`kahta al `utjkóvfl. @makàs, uh vjlt`oa masfgu`l `iact`rà l` mfraccfóh, al kjtjr, l` tr`hskfsfóh y puama c`us`r su masg`sta, `së cjkj uh` vfjl`cfóh cjkplat` ma sus iuhcfjhas.
^`r`cbjquas mal`htarj Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Puft`r 0. Puft`r ljs i`rjs. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h ljs ravastfkfahtjs ma l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s fzqufarm` y maracb` `l p`r`cbjquas. Sap`ra c`m` fhsartj mal p`r`cbjquas, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh qua suoat`h ljs axtrakjs fzqufarmj y maracbj mal p`r`cbjquas `l cuarpj.
=. Ah =. Ah vabëculjs cjh lucas `htfhfadl` mal`htar`s, `iljoa ljs sjpjrtas ma ljs clfps y mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma l`s lucas `htfhfadl`. 1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 parhjs ma kjht`oa mal p`r`cbjquas suparfjr y 3 fhiarfjras.
9. Sualta 9. Sualta ljs fzqufarmj y maracbj (alljs dljquaj mal suoat`mjr kamf`hta uh`suoat`mjras ilacb`) udfc`mjs ah l`s tjk`s ma i`rjs, gfràhmjljs 6> sa ¾. fhmfc`
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al p`r`cbjquas ractj mal cjcba.
2. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ^`r`cbjquas tr`sarj Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Ah 0. Ah ljs kjmaljs S`ljjh, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) mal fhtarfjr mal k`latarj y ratfra al djrma pjstarfjr mal k`latarj (ijtj ma l` maracb`).
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla tjrhflljs y ratfra l`s pl`c`s ma ifo`cfóh ma l`s asqufh`s fzqufarm` y maracb` ma l`ljs c`o` mal k`latarj.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s t`p`s ma kjht`oa (qufta l`s cl`vfo`s cahtr`las, luagj ratfra l`s t`p`s) y sualta al djrma l`tar`l mal k`latarj p`r` `ccamar `l sjpjrta mal p`r`cbjquas.
=. Ah =. Ah ljs kjmaljs Ast`t Ast`ta, a, `dr` l` puart` tr`sar` y ratfra l` suparifcfa ma `pjyj ma l` d`sa y ljs l`mjs. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` pl`c` pjstarfjr. Tatfra al djrma fhiarfjr fzqufarmj y maracbj racjrt`r al trjhcj. Tatfra l`s t`p`s ma ljs `mjrhjs l`tar` l`tar`las las `l pfsj. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas s jpjrtas ma ratahcfóh y ratfra al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma `lk`cah`kfahtj ma plàstfcj. 1. Ah 1. Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s y ratfra al cjhouhtj ma vahtfl`cfóh ma l` asqufh` tr`sar` maracb` mal k`latarj.
9. Masma 9. Masma mad`oj mal `utjkóvfl, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` p`rta tr`sar` mal ijrrj ma l` ruam` `l p`r`cbjquas.
7. Maslfca 7. Maslfca ravastfkfahtjs maly p`r`cbjquas y mas`tjrhfllatr`sarj l`s tuarc`s qua suoat`h ljsljs axtrakjs fzqufarmj maracbj mal p`r`cbjquas `l cuarpj.
2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma uh p`r`cbjquas tr`sarj ` uh cuarpj.
6. Ah 6. Ah al k`latarj, masahrjsqua l`s 9 tuarc`s qua suoat`h l` p`rta suparfjr mal p`r`cbjquas tr`sarj.
0>. 0>. Ah Ah ljs kjmaljs S`ljjh, ma masahcbuia sahcbuia aall cjhactjr ma l` luz ma l` pl`c` ma l` lfcahcf` qua sa ahcuahtr` carc` ma l` luz ma k`rcb` `tràs fzqufarm`.
00. 00. Sualta Sualta ljs axtrakjs mal p`r`cbjquas y sàqualj cuarpj ljs jo`las ma ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs ma l` pl`c` mal ma vabëculj, k`tr k`trëcul`. ëcul`.lfdar`hmj mal
04. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. C`pucb` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` cudfart` y cjljqua ljs tr`pjs mad`oj ma l`s asqufh`s asqufh`s ma l` cudfart` c udfart` p`r` avft`r m`ð m`ðjs js ah al cuarpj `l ratfr`r l` cudf art`. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma l` l`v`mjr` ah al l`mj maracbj ma l` c`kp`h`. 3. ^`r` 3. ^`r` fhst`l`r cjrract`kahta l` cudfart` ah su lug`r cjh uh làpfz su`va, k`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s tuarc`s ah l` cudfart`. =. @pjy`hmj =. @pjy`hmj l` cudfart`, ratfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y sap`ra ljs puht`las ma sjpjrta ma l` cudfart`.
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s fzqufarm` y maracb` ma l` ifo`cfóh ma l`s dfs`gr`s ` l` cudfart` y axtr`fg` l` cudfart`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Yualv` ` cjljc`r l` cudfart` y `sagÿral` cjh tuarc`s, `pratàhmjl`s ` k`hj. @lfhaa l` cudfart` cjh l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta y `prfata l`s tuarc`s ifh`lkahta. @ousta l` pjsfcfóh ma l` cudfart` ma kjmj qua cu`hmj l` cudfart` astæ carr`m`, al asp`cfj `lramamjr ma su parëkatrj sa` al kfskj ah tjmjs ljs l`mjs. ^`r` `oust`r l` p`rta mal`htar` mal c`pó, as hacas`rfj `tjrhfll`r j mas`tjrhfll`r l`s `lkjb`mfll`s ma gjk` udfc`m`s ah l` p`rta mal`htar` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. C`dla ma dljquaj ma l` cudfart`
Al c`dla ma dljquaj mal c`pó cjhst` ma mjs p`rtas? l` p`rta prfhcfp`l cjhact` l` p`l`hc` ma `partur` mal c`pó cjh al dljquaj mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr, l` saguhm` p`rta cjhact` ljs sagurjs. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J C`dla prfhcfp`l prfhcfp`l 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra uh i`rj ma iuar` mal cjhmuctjr. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) l`s ifo`cfjhas mal c`dla ma l` carr`mur` ma l` c`pucb`. Mascjhacta al c`dla mal c`pó ma ljs clfps udfc`mjs ah al zóc`lj mal i`rj.
3. @ta 3. @ta uh c`dla malg`mj y mur`marj `l axtrakj mal c`dla y lfdara al c`dla ma tjmjs ljs suoat`mjras ` lj l`rgj ma tjm` su ljhgftum. =. Ah =. Ah al `utjkóvfl, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra l` k`hfo` ma `partur` mal c`pó. Tatfra al c`dla ah al fhtarfjr mal vabëculj. Cu`hmj al axtrakj mal c`dla `p`razc` masma l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, mas`talj mal c`dla qua `dra al c`pó y mæoalj ah al `utjkóvfl. Sarà hacas`rfj utflfz`r al c`dla p`r` `prat`r al huavj c`dla ah su lug`r. C`dla `mfcfjh`l `mfcfjh`l 1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al c`dla jpcfjh`l ma ljs `drfmjras mal c`pó y axtràfg`lj. 9. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cfarra ma c`pucb` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` al c`pó, prasfjha b`cf` `d`oj ljs p`s`mjras ma ljs cjhactjras ma l` raofll` y ratëraljs. Tatfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa ah al l`mj ma l` raofll` mal r`mf`mjr y, cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma cjkj p`l`hc`, prasfjha al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa cahtr`l. Tatfra l` raofll`.
4. K`rqua 4. K`rqua cjhMastjrhflla uh k`rc`mjr l` udfc`cfóh ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l` cudfart` ma l` carr`mur`. ljs mjs tjrhflljs.ma Tatfra l` carr`mur` ma `partur` mal c`pó mal vabëculj y ratfra al c`dla `mfcfjh`l ma l` carr`mur`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjhacta 0. Cjhacta al c`dla jpcfjh`l qua `dra al cfarra mal c`pó cjh uh cfarra a fhst`la al dljquaj ah al tr`vas`ðj mal`htarj.
4. @sagura 4. @sagura l` carr`mur` cjh parhjs, `lfhaàhmjljs cjh l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta. 3. Cjkprjd`r 3. Cjkprjd`r al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` carr`mur`. Ludrfqua l` carr`mur` cjh uh ludrfc`hta kultfusj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` raofll` ah su lug`r. ^uart`s Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. ^uart` mal`htar` mal`htar` 4. Sf 4. Sf b`y cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs ah l` puart`, ratfra al k`rcj ma l` puart` y l` palëcul` prjtactjr`. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras ma ljs cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs y ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. Tatfra al `hfllj ma sall`mj ma gjk` mal djrma irjht`l ma l` puart`. Tatfra al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ma l` puart`. =. Qsa =. Qsa uh làpfz j rjtul`mjr p`r` k`rc`r l` pjsfcfóh ma c`m` dfs`gr` ma l` puart` ah ral`cfóh cjh l` puart` p`r` i`cflft`r l` fhst`l`cfóh y al `ousta.
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs mal tjpa ma l` puart` `l d`stfmjr (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` cudfart` ma gjk` (ijtj ma l` maracb`).
9. Suoat`hmj 9. uh` puart`, masahrjsqua ljs ma tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` dfs`gr` ratfra uh` puart`. 7. Sf 7. Suoat`hmj Sf as hacas`rfj raakpl`z`r l`s dfs`gr`s `partur` ma l` puart`, k`rquaysu pjsfcfóh ah l` puart` cjh uh k`rc`mjr, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra l`s dfs`gr` dfs`gr`s. s. 2. Fhst`la 2. Fhst`la l`s huav`s dfs`gr`s ma `cuarmj cjh l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta y `tjrhëllal`s cjh parhjs. ^uart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 6. @dr` 6. @dr` l` puart` irjht`l p`r` `ccamar `l cjhactjr ma c`dla`mj ma l` puart` tr`sar`. Gfra al `hfllj ma dljquaj mal cjhactjr b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y ratfra al cjhactjr ma l` puart`.
0>. 0>. Qsa Qsa uh làpfz p`r` k`rc`r l` pjsfcfóh ma c`m` dfs`gr` cjh raspactj ` l` puart`. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h al tjpa ma l` puart` `l d`stfmjr y ratfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma gjk`. @pjy`hmj l` puart`, masahrjsqua ljs parhjs ma l` dfs`gr` y ratfra l` puart`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ^uart` mal`htar` mal`htar` 0. Yualv` 0. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r l` puart` y `sagura l`s dfs`gr`s cjh parhjs. @lfhaa l`s dfs`gr`s cjh l`s k`rc`s bacb`s `htarfjrkahta y `prfata ljs parhjs `l p`r raquarfmj. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma gjk` ah al sjpjrta ma l` puart` y `tjrhflla al sjpjrta `l sjpjrta. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs. Fhst`la l` palëcul` prjtactjr` y al t`pfz`mj ah l` puart`. =. Yarfifqua =. Yarfifqua l` fhst`l`cfóh ma l` puart` y `oÿstal` sf as hacas`rfj. ^uart` tr`sar` tr`sar`
1. Fhst`la 1. Fhst`la l` puart` y `tjrhflla l`s dfs`gr`s cjh l`s k`rc`s ma bacb`s `htarfjrkahta y `prfatal`s ljsdfs`gr`s. parhjs `l@lfhaa p`r raquarfmj. Fhst`la l` cudfart` gjk` ah al sjpjrta ma l` puart` y `tjrhflla al sjpjrta `l d`stfmjr. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ` l` puart` y dljquæalj cjh uh `hfllj ma dljquaj.
@ousta @ousta TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Cfarra l` puart` y varfifqua su `lfha`cfóh cjh ljs p`halas ma l` c`rrjcarë`. Sf as hacas`rfj b`car uh paquaðj `ousta, `iljoa ljs parhjs ma l`
dfs`gr`. Kjvfahmj l`s dfs`gr`s ah al d`stfmjr, d`stfmjr, `ousta l` pjsfcfóh ma l` puart` y `prfata `prfata ljs parhjs ma l`s dfs`gr`s. ]`pfcarf` puart` @mvartahcf` L` kjlmur` ma l` puart` puama tahar c`kdfjs mapahmfahmj mal hfval ma l` kjlmur`. ^jr lj t`htj, al prjcasj ma rakjcfóh ma l` t`pfcarë` puama mfiarfr mal `htarfjr. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. ^uart` mal`htar` mal`htar` 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al djrma mal aspaoj mal fhtarfjr ma l` puart`.
3. Ah 3. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh uh ragul`mjr ma vaht`h` k`hu`l, ratfra l` k`hfo` ma uh aoa y uh ravastfkfahtj.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra al fhtarruptjr mal rapjs`dr`zjs y al `lt`vjz ma l` puart`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` fhtarfjr y usa uh mastjrhfll`mjr p`r` quft`r al k`rcj macjr`tfvj ma l` k`hfo`.
9. Cjh 9. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra al t`póh ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr tr`sar` ma l` kjlmur` ma l` puart` (ijtj fzqufarm`) y masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh (ijtj maracb`). 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` t`pfcarë` y mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj qua suoat` l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal rapjs`dr`zjs ` l` puart`.
2. Sf 2. Sf astà mfspjhfdla, ratfra l` cudfart` mal djlsfllj mal rapjs`dr`zjs, masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh (ijtj fzqufarm`) y qufta al djlsfllj mal rapjs`dr`zjs (ijtj maracb`).
6. Sf 6. Sf astà prasahta, k`rcj ma l` puart`. mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj qua ifo` l` c`o` ma fhtarruptjras `l
0>. 0>. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua tjmjs ljs tjrhflljs ma suoacfóh ma l` t`pfcarë` astæh mas`tjrhfll`mjs, luagj usa l` p`l`hc` p`r` sap`r`r l` t`pfcarë` ma l` puart` (ijtj fzqufarm`) y, kjvfahmj l` t`pfcarë` b`cf` `rrfd`, ratëral` ma l` puart` (ijtj maracb`). ^uart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 00. 00. L` L` kjlmur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` sa ratfr` ma l` kfsk` k`har` qua ah l` puart` mal`htar`. 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra l` t`p` macjr`tfv` mal tjrhfllj ma `mjrhj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
03. 03. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h al `mjrhj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkpruada al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma tjmjs ljs fhtarruptjras ma l` puart`. Carr`mur` y k`hfll`s Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` gu`rhfcfóh ma l` puart`. 4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` `ccamar ` l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` y dljqua`rl`, ratfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` ma l` puart`.
K`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` fhtarfjr fhtarfjr @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` @l raakpl`z`r l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` fhtarfjr, sa madah us`r rak`cbas huavjs. 3. Cjrta 3. Cjrta l` palëcul` prjtactjr` ma l` puart` `lramamjr mal `ccasjrfj ma l` k`hfo` fhtarfjr.
=. ^arijra =. ^arijra ljs rak`cbas qua suoat`h l` k`hfo` ` l` puart`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` k`hfo` ma l` puart` y mascjhacta al akpuoa ma l` puart`.
Carr`mur` ma l` puart` mal`htar` mal cflfhmrj cflfhmrj
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` ah uh lug`r jpuastj `l cfarra ma l` puart`. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj suparfjr qua suoat` l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`). Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs fhiarfjras qua suoat`h l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` carr`mur` mal fhtarfjr ma l` puart`.
2. ^`r` 2. ^`r` kaojr`r al `ccasj `l cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur`, sualta al sjpjrta y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` carr`mur` ma `partur` ma l` puart`.
6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla l` tuarc` tr`sar` (ilacb` @ ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) qua suoat` l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` axtarfjr, ratfra l` pl`c` ma ifo`cfóh mal cflfhmrj ma dljquaj (ijtj ma l` maracb`) y mascjhæctal` mal akpuoa (ilacb` D ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`).
0>. 0>. ^`r` ^`r` ratfr`r al cflfhmrj ma dljquaj, ratfra cjh l` `yum` ma l` p`l`hc` mal sjpjrta ma kjht`oa (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y sap`ra al cflfhmrj, l` c`rc`s` y l` pl`c` ma fhst`l`cfóh (ijtj ma l` maracb`).
00. 00. Fhsarta Fhsarta l` ll`va ah al cflfhmrj ma l` carr`mur` c arr`mur` y sàqual` ma l` c`o`.
@partur` ma puart` axtarfjr axtarfjr 04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra al cflfhmrj ma dljquaj ma l` puart`.
03. 03. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l` tfróh tuarc` axtarfjr, sap`ra al mamal`htar` l` k`hfo`.qua suoat` l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart`
0=. 0=. Tatfra Tatfra l` k`hfo` ma l` puart` cjh l` ouht` ma gjk`.
Carr`mur` ma l` puart` mal`htar` mal`htar` 01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` mal fhtarfjr ma l` puart` p`r` `ccamar `l cfarra ma l` puart`. 09. 09. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` carr`mur` y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` puart`. 07. 07. Tatfra Tatfra l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` fhtarfjr.
02. 02. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` carr`mur` ma l` puart`.
06. 06. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljsmatjrhflljs ma (ijtj kjht`oa ilacb`s ma ah l`l` puart` ijtj mahj l` sa fzqufarm`), mascjhacta akpuoa l` iuhcfjh`kfahtj, carr`mur` ma l` puart` y ratfra l` carr`mur` l` puart` ma l`(fhmfc`mjs maracb`).pjr L` l`s carr`mur` puama rap`r`r y, ah al c`sj ma uhma k`l l` carr`mur` mada raakpl`z`rsa pjr cjkplatj. Carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 4>. 4>. Tatfra Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` mal fhtarfjr mal pjrtóh tr`sarj. 40. 40. Tatfra Tatfra al `s` fhtarfjr ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 44. 44. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` tr`ccfóh (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) ma l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
43. 43. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h al dljquaj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
4=. 4=. Tatfra Tatfra l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` ma l` puart`.
K`hfo` ma l` puart` axtarfjr axtarfjr 41. 41. Tatfra Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` mal fhtarfjr mal pjrtóh tr`sarj. 49. 49. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` carr`mur` ma `partur` ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 47. 47. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al tfróh ma l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
42. 42. Tatfra Tatfra al tjpa udfc`mj irahta ` l` tuarc` qua suoat` l` k`hfo` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
46. 46. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma suoacfóh mal tfr`mjr ma uh` puart` tr`sar`.
3>. 3>. Tatfra Tatfra l` k`hfo` ma `partur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` b`cf` al axtarfjr.
30. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Yfmrfj ma l` puart` @mvartahcf` ^`r` vjlvar ` fhst`l`r l` suspahsfóh mal rapjs`dr`zjs, mada us`r rak`cbas huavjs. Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. D`oa 0. D`oa al crfst`l y ratfra l` gu`rhfcfóh ma l` puart`.
4. ]jk`hmj 4. ]jk`hmj hjt` ma l` udfc`cfóh, t`l`mra l`s c`daz`s ma ljs rak`cbas qua suoat`h al rapjs`dr`zjs ` l` puart`. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` palëcul` prjtactjr` mal fhtarfjr ma l` puart`. Yfmrfj ma l` puart` mal`htar` mal`htar` =. Tatfra =. Tatfra al sallj ma vfmrfj fhtarfjr ma l` puart`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al sallj ma vfmrfj suparfjr ma l` puart`. puart`.
9. Qs`hmj 9. Qs`hmj uh mastjrhfll`mjr cjkj p`l`hc`, sualta uh sjpjrta ma suoacfóh y s`qua uh ragul`mjr ma vaht`h` ma vaht`h`.
7. B`dfahmj 7. B`dfahmj fhclfh`mj al vfmrfj, llæv`lj b`cf` `tràs masma uh` puart`.
Yfmrfj ma l` puart` tr`sar` tr`sar`
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al sallj fhtarfjr ma vfmrfj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra al sallj ma vfmrfj axtarfjr fhiarfjr.
0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al sallj ma vfmrfj suparfjr.
00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj suparfjr qua suoat` l` guë` ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar`.
04. 04. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj fhiarfjr qua suoat` l` guë` ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar`.
03. 03. Tatfra Tatfra l` guë` ma l` vaht`h` tr`sar` ma l` vaht`h` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
0=. 0=. ^rasfjha ^rasfjha al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y sualta l` guë` ma l` vaht`h`.
01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra al vfmrfj b`cf` `rrfd` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
Tagul`mjr ma vaht`h` vaht`h` 09. 09. Sualta Sualta al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` vaht`h` (mada us`r uh mastjrhfll`mjr ah l` puart` irjht`l p`r` lfdar`r al sjpjrta) y lfdara l` guë` ma l` vaht`h` mal vfmrfj.
07. 07. Maslfca Maslfca vfmrfj b`cf` `rrfd` b`st` qua sa matahg` y `sagÿralj ah ast` pjsfcfóh cjhalcfht` `mbasfv`.
02. 02. Ah Ah vabëculjs cjh alav`luh`s alæctrfcjs, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal kjtjr mal ragul`mjr ma vaht`hfll`.
06. 06. Ah Ah tjmjs ljs kjmaljs, mas`tjrhflla mas`tjrhflla l`s 1 tuarc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) mal suoat`mjr ma l` vaht`h` y sàqual`s ma l` puart` ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj fhiarfjr ma l` puart` (ijtj ma l` maracb`). ^jrtóh tr`sarj ifoj ma vfmrfj vfmrfj 4>. 4>. Tatfra Tatfra l` ouht` tr`sar` fhiarfjr ma l` puart` tr`sar`. Tatfra l` ouht` fhiarfjr tr`sar` ma l` puart` fhiarfjr tr`sar`. Tatfra al sallj suparfjr ma vfmrfj ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 40. 40. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs 4 tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` guë` ma l` p`rta tr`sar` mal vfmrfj d`o`mj ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 44. 44. Tatfra Tatfra al vfmrfj ifoj tr`sarj cjh uh sallj ma l` puart`. Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma rakjcfóh, tahfahmj tahfahmj ah cuaht` ljs sfgufaht sfgufahtas as puhtjs? - tjmjs ljs l js salljs madah ast`r udfc`mjs cjrract`kaht cjrract`kahtaa ah al k`rcj ma l` puart`5
-- Yarfifqua @l fhst`l`ralaliuhcfjh`kfahtj vfmrfj, varfifquamaqua astæ cjrract`kahta fhst`l`mj ah l` vaht`h` guë`5 l` vaht`h` `htas ma fhst`l`r l` gu`rhfcfóh ma l` ma puart`. ]`p` mal d`ÿl Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ]`p` mal d`ÿl d`ÿl 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` t`p` mal k`latarj y ratfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s t`p`s qua suoat`h al `mjrhj ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` kjlmur`.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa ma l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs ah l` t`p` mal k`latarj.
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ma l` dfs`gr` ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj.
9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma ljs cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs ah l` t`p` mal k`latarj, jdsarv`hmj su udfc`cfóh. @t`r al c`dla ` ljs axtrakjs ma ljs c`dlas y quft`r al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj. Mas`ta al c`dla ma ljs c`dlas alæctrfcjs, maoàhmjlj ah l` t`p` mal k`latarj. 7. K`rqua 7. K`rqua l` pjsfcfóh ma l`s dfs`gr`s ah l` t`p` mal k`latarj. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua kjht`h l`s dfs`gr`s y ratfra l` t`p` mal
k`latarj.
2. ^`r` 2. ^`r` masahrjsc`r l`s dfs`gr`s ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj mal cuarpj, as hacas`rfj quft`r ast`hta tr`sarj mal vabëculj y masahrjsc`r al parhj ma kjht`oa ma l` dfs`gr`al(fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`).
]`p` sjpjrta k`latarj k`latarj 6. Cjh 6. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr paquaðj, ratfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y mascjhacta l`s ouht`s ma ma rótul` mal mal d`stfmjr y l` t`p` m mal al k`latar k`latarj. j.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J ]`p` mal d`ÿl d`ÿl 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. As hacas`rfj cjkdfh`r l`s dfs`gr`s mal kjht`oa ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj cjh l`s k`rc`s ra`lfz`m`s `htarfjrkahta. 4. Cfarra 4. Cfarra l` t`p` mal k`latarj y varfifqua l` uhfijrkfm`m mal asp`cfj `lramamjr mal parëkatrj mal k`latarj y, sf as hacas`rfj, `oÿstalj, `iljo`hmj ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l`s dfs`gr`s ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj. Maspuæs mal `ousta, `prfata ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa. Dljquaj mal k`latarj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` t`p` mal k`latarj y mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l`s t`p`s y racjrta al pjrtóh tr`sarj.
Dljquaj mal k`latarj k`latarj
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs (ijtj fzqufarm`), mascjhacta l` tr`ccfóh (ijtj maracb`) y ratfra al dljquaj mal k`latarj. Cflfhmrj ma dljquaj mal trjhcj trjhcj
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljsy qua `sagur`h al `ljo`kfahtj mal cflfhmrj ma dljquaj y ratfra al djrma macjr`tfvj l` ouht` ah al axtarfjr ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj.
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al akpuoa y ratfra al cuarpj mal cflfhmrj ma dljquaj ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma dljquaj mal k`latarj.
7. Sap`ra 7. Sap`ra al djtóh ma dljquaj ouhtj cjh l` c`o`, jdsarv`hmj l` udfc`cfóh ma ljs rasjrtas (fhmfc`mjs pjr ilacb`s).
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al cflfhmrj ma dljquaj mal k`latarj.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @htas ma fhst`l`r l` gu`rhfcfóh mal k`latarj, cjkpruada al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma l` carr`mur`. ^uart` tr`sar` Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J ^uart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` ouht` ma l` puart` tr`sar` p`r` `ccamar `l c`dla`mj alæctrfcj ah l` puart` tr`sar`.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta cjhactjras (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l` puart` tr`sar`, qua saljs ahcuahtr`h ahalæctrfcjs l` p`rta irjht`l mal d`stfmjr tr`sarj fzqufarmj.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` ouht` tórfc` y ratfra al `rhæs ma c`dla`mj mal cuarpj.
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (0), mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj qua suoat` al dus ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr` (4) `l d`stfmjr tr`sarj maracbj.
9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma l` l`v`mjr`, ratfra l` ouht` tórfc` y ratfra ljs c`dlas y l` k`hguar` ma l` l`v`mjr`.
7. Qsa 7. Qsa uh làpfz p`r` k`rc`r l` pjsfcfóh ma c`m` dfs`gr` ah l` puart` tr`sar`. 2. Киннбюйвдоъ зонлшш ндбюь, рлвмвфб рпиах пюбкеблвъ в ифрибнвлвфб рфижпв киннбюйпв зонлбж ндбюв. 6. Ифдвлфвфб аиефх (упозолх рфюбепомв) пюбкеблвъ в рлвмвфб зонлшш ндбюь р одфимиавеъ.
Брев лбиасинвми зомблвфь тоюлвюх зонлбж ндбюв, ифмбфьфб поюолнотим 0>. вс киеийблвб в рлвмвфб дбюслшш ифнбепу зонлбж ндбюв д роеилб.
00. Киннбюйвдоъ иавдпу кифиепо, ифдвлфвфб гожпв пюбкеблвъ тоюлвюид ндбюв в рлвмвфб вс. Урфолидвфб лидхб тоюлвюх, ридмбрфвд вс р мбфпомв, рнбеоллхмв кбюбн рлъфвбм дбюслшш чорфь ифнбепв ндбюв. Рфижпо киннбюйпв зонлбж ндбюв
04. Рлвмвфб рпиах пюбкеблвъ в ифрибнвлвфб рфижпу киннбюйпв зонлбж ндбюв
иф тоюидхс тоюлвюид.
Урфолидпо
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J ^uart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 0. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. As hacas`rfj cjkdfh`r l`s dfs`gr`s cjh l`s k`rc`s `plfc`m`s `htas ma quft`r l` puart`. Sjpjrta ma puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 4. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkpruada qua al d`stfmjr astæ dfah suoatj ` l`s ouht`s ma rótul` cjh ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa. Carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. @dr` 4. @dr` l` puart` tr`sar`, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` k`hfo` fhtarfjr ma l` puart`.
3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra al djrma mal djtóh fhtarfjr.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra ljs t`pjhas ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l` gu`rhfcfóh ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
C`stfllj C`stfllj
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l` carr`mur` (ijtj fzqufarm`), qufta l` carr`mur` ma l` carr`mur` y qufta l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar` (ijtj maracb`). Cflfhmrj ma carr`mur` ma puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta al sjpjrta y sap`ra l` cuh` ma l` carr`mur`.
2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l`s puart`s ma dljquaj cahtr`l mal kjtjr (ijtj fzqufarm`), masahrjsqua ljs parhjs y ratfra al dljquaj ma l` puart` tr`sar` (ijtj maracb`). Djtóh ma dljquaj fhtarhj fhtarhj 6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar`. ]ahg` ah cuaht` qua l` carr`mur` astà cjhact`m` `l djtóh, qua mada mascjhact`rsa ma l` carr`mur` y ratfr`rsa ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
0>. 0>. Sualta Sualta ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y ratfra al djtóh ma dljquaj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
00. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` ma cfarra cahtr`lfz`mj Al kjtjr ma dljquaj cahtr`l ma l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` as uh` p`rta fhtagr`l ma l` carr`mur` y hj sa puama raakpl`z`r pjr sap`r`mj ma l` carr`mur`.
Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Dljquaj ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj mal kjtjr kjtjr 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` t`p` mal k`latarj, qufta l`s t`p`s y ratfra al djrma mal k`latarj. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h al dljquaj ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj mal kjtjr.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al kjtjr ma l` t`p` mal k`latarj, mascjhactàhmjlj mal akpuoa.
Kjtjr ma dljquaj mal pjrtóh tr`sarj tr`sarj =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` carr`mur` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr ilacb`s), mascjhacta al akpuoa mal kjtjr.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra al kjtjr ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
Mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ) (ACQ) 7. Al 7. Al sfstak` ma dljquaj cahtr`l cjhst` ma tras uhfm`mas ma cjhtrjl? uh racaptjr, uh` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma cfarra cahtr`l y uh` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl. ]jmjs ljs dljquas astàh udfc`mjs mad`oj mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs ah al l`mj mal p`s`oarj. ^`r` `ccamar ` ljs dljquas, `dr` l` t`p` ma l` gu`htar` y sàqual` ma l`s dfs`gr`s.Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma l` cudfart` `mfcfjh`l ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
2. Cjh 2. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, `prfata ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` cudfart` mal zóc`lj.
6. L`s 6. L`s uhfm`mas ma cjhtrjl astàh udfc`m`s ma l` sfgufahta k`har`? al racaptjr astà ah l` p`rta suparfjr fzqufarm`, l` ACQ cahtr`l astà ah l` p`rta suparfjr maracb`, mad`oj ma all`s astà l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl. ^`r` quft`r ljs dljquas, masahcbuia al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, sualta al sjpjrta ma ratahcfóh y ratfra al dljqua (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) mal sjpjrta ma kjht`oa.
0>. 0>. ^`r` ^`r` ratfr`r l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, mas`tjrhflla al parhj qua suoat` l` uhfm`m ` l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl.
00. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Yaht`h`s alæctrfc`s alæctrfc`s @mvartahcf` Sf l` d`tarë` sa mascjhact` cjh l` vaht`h` ma l` puart` `dfart`, mada raprjgr`k`r al sfstak` maspuæs ma cjhact`r l` d`tarë`. Taprjgr`k`cfjh Taprjgr`k`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ahcfahm` 0. Ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj y d`oa l` vaht`h`. K`htahg` prasfjh`mj al djtóh ma crfst`l b`cf` `d`oj b`st` qua al ralæ b`g` clfc y, mur`hta `l kahjs mjs saguhmjs, lav`hta al crfst`l. 4. Qh` 4. Qh` vaz qua al crfst`l astæ cjkplat`kahta lav`ht`mj, k`htahg` prasfjh`mj al djtóh mur`hta `l kahjs uhjs saguhmjs, cjkj rasult`mj ma lj cu`l al sfstak` sa raprjgr`k raprjgr`k`rà. `rà. 3. L` axtr`ccfóh L` axtr`ccfóh ma ljs fhtarruptjras p`r` d`o`r al vfmrfj sa mascrfda ah l` l` Saccfóh 04.04 04.04 . L` axtr`ccfóh mal ragul`mjr ma l` vaht`h` alæctrfc` sa ra`lfz` ma l` kfsk` k`har` qua l` axtr`ccfóh mal ragul`mjr ma l` vaht`h` k`hu`l. Aspaojs axtarfjras Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh
JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Aspaoj ratrjvfsjr k`hu`l k`hu`l 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma gjk` ma l` parfll` ma `ousta mal aspaoj y ratfra al djrma macjr`tfvj fhtarfjr mal aspaoj ma l` puart`. 4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra ljs t`pjhas ma l`s puart`s. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al aspaoj ma l` puart`. Tatrjvfsjr cjh `ccfjh`kfahtj alæctrfcj. alæctrfcj. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al aspaoj macjr`tfvj ma l` p`rta fhtarfjr ma l` puart`.
=. Cjh =. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra ljs t`pjhas (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) mal fhtarfjr ma l` puart`, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`) ma l` suoacfóh y ratfra al aspaoj ma l` puart`. 1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs mal aspaoj.
Aspaoj ma crfst`l crfst`l @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf`
Al crfst`l mal aspaoj sa ifo` ah al sjpjrta mal aspaoj kamf`hta uh` cjhaxfóh cóhfc`. @l quft`r al vfmrfj mal aspaoj as kuy iàcfl rjkparlj, pjr lj qua asta tr`d`oj mada b`carsa cjh gu`htas. 9. Fhclfha 9. Fhclfha al aspaoj cjkplat`kahta b`cf` `rrfd` a fhsarta uh` pl`c` `hcb` ma plàstfcj j k`mar` ahtra al vfmrfj y al sjpjrta mal aspaoj. Tatfra l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal aspaoj mal sjpjrta.
7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al vfmrfj mal aspaoj y mascjhacta uh ahcbuia alæctrfcj (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) c`laht`hmj uh aspaoj.
Kjtjr ma cjhtrjl ma aspaoj aspaoj 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al crfst`l mal aspaoj. 6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s), ratfra al kjtjr y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj.
0>. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Yaht`h`s mal`htar`s y tr`sar`s Al vfmrfj astà pag`mj mfract`kahta ah al k`rcj. Astj g`r`htfz` al kaojr cuarpj `arjmfhàkfcj y uh sallj cjhif`dla cjhtr` al iluoj ma `gu`. @makàs, ramuca l` rasfstahcf` y al pasj. ^`r` raakpl`z`r al vfmrfj, `makàs ma l`s barr`kfaht`s aspacf`las, mada tahar l` axparfahcf` `macu`m`. ^jr lj t`htj, ljs tr`d`ojs ma raakpl`zj ma vfmrfj madah llav`rsa ` c`dj ah l` ast`cfóh.
Ascjtfll` Qs`hmj uh` ll`va bax`gjh`l p`r` carr`r al tacbj sjl`r alæctrfcj k`hu`lkahta k`hu`lkahta
Madfmj ` l` cjkplaofm`m mal kac`hfskj ma `ccfjh`kfahtj ma l` tr`kpfll`, sa hacasft` uh` axparfahcf` y cjhjcfkfahtjs cjhsfmar`dlas p`r` rast`ur`r, raakpl`z`r j `oust`r ljs alakahtjs ma l` tr`kpfll`. ^`r` `ccamar ` ljs l js alakaht alakahtjs js ma l` ascjtfll`, as hacas`rfj quft`r al tacbj, qua as uh` jpar`cfóh kuy mfiëcfl. mfiëcf l. ^jr lj t`htj, asta tr`d`oj mada b`carsa ah l` ast`cfóh KJ]. Ah ljs kjmaljs cjh tacbj sjl`r alæctrfcj, alæctrfcj, sf al kjtjr ma `ccfjh`kfahtj hj iuhc iuhcfjh`, fjh`, prfkarj varfifqua al iusfdla. Ah c`sjs axtrakjs, axtrakjs, l` ascjtfll` sa puama carr`r k`hu`lkahta cjh uh` ll`va bax`gjh`l. ^`r` `ccamar `l kac`hfskj ma cfarra ma l` ascjtfll`, as hacas`rfj quft`r l` cjhsjl` suparfjr mal ijrrj mal tacbj. Cudfart`s y akdlak`s L`s
`lkjb`mfll`s
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ljs
akdlak`s
sa
`mbfarah
`l
cuarpj
kamf`hta
uh`
cfht`
`mbasfv`
aspacf`l.
Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J ^`r` quft`r ljs ijrrjs y ljs akdlak`s, c`lfæhtaljs p`r` `dl`hm`r al pag`kahtj, fhsarta uh cjrmóh ma hyljh ahtra l` `lkjb`mfll` y al cuarpj y, kjvfæhmjlj kjvfæhmj lj b`cf` l js l`mjs, cjrta l` `lkjb`mfll`.Lfkp `lkjb`mfll`.Lfkpf` f` cjkp cjkplat`kahta lat`kahta tjmjs ljs rastjs ma pag`kahtj cjh `lcjbjl katëlfcj. Ljs `sfahtjs Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J @sfahtjs mal`htarjs mal`htarjs
0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj qua suoat` l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` kjlmur` axtarfjr mal `sfahtj (ijtj fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` kjlmur` (ijtj maracb`). 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. al parhj ma kjht`oa mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal Mas`tjrhflla `sfahtj mal`htarj.
3. Maslfca 3. Maslfca al `sfahtj mal`htarj cjkplat`kahta b`cf` `mal`hta, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs mal kjht`oa tr`sarj ma l` cjrramar` `l pfsj mal `utjkóvfl.
=. Maslfca =. Maslfca al `sfahtj mal`htarj cjkplat`kahta b`cf` `tràs. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs qua suoat`h l` p`rta mal`htar` mal trfhaj `l sualj.
1. Lav`hta 1. Lav`hta al `sfahtj y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`. c jrra`. Sf astà mfspjh mfspjhfdla, fdla, ratfra ljs kjtjra kjtjrass alæctrfcjs.
@sfahtj tr`sarj (kjmaljs cjh `sfahtj tr`sarj `d`tfdla) `d`tfdla) 9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra ljs `sfahtj t`pjhasyma gjk` (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`ma ilacb`) ma ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa mal cjoëh mal masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s kjht`oa.
7. Maslfca 7. Maslfca al cjoëh mal `sfahtj b`cf` `mal`hta y lavàhtalj p`r` lfdar`r ljs ratahamjras mal `sfahtj tr`sarj. Tatfra al cjoëh mal `sfahtj tr`sarj mal cjcba. 2. ^`r` 2. ^`r` quft`r l`s djls`s ma `fra l`tar`las, mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa ah l` d`sa ma l` djls` ma `fra.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra al cjoëh l`tar`l mal vabëculj.
0>. 0>. ^`r` ^`r` quft`r al rasp`lmj mal `sfahtj tr`sarj ah kjmaljs cjh rasp`lmjs sap`r`mjs, qufta l`s t`p`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) qua suoat`h l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` `lijkdr` mal k`latarj `l pfsj y masahrjsqua l` `lijkdr` p`r` `ccamar ` ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mj pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`) qua suoat` l` p`rta cahtr`l mal `sfahtj.
00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma suoacfóh ma ljs rasp`lmjs ma uh `sfahtj tr`sarj ` l` c`rrjcarë` ma uh `utjkóvfl y tókaljs. 04. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ]ahsjr mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m mal`htarj Al sfstak` astà mfsað`mj p`r` alfkfh`r fhst`htàha`kahta cu`lqufar bjlgur` ah al cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m ah c`sj ma uh` cjlfsfóh irjht`l, lj qua rasult` ah uh` kahjr `kah`z` p`r` l` vfm` ma ljs p`s`oarjs mal`htarjs. C`m` `sfahtj mal`htarj astà aqufp`mj cjh uh sfstak` ma tahsfóh mal cfhturóh cjhact`mj mfract`kahta ` l` badfll` mal cfhturóh. Al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra` astà cjhtrjl`mj pjr l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal `frd`g. Cu`hmj sa `ctfv` al sfstak` ma tahsfóh ma l` cjrra`, al cjkdustfdla mahtrj mal cflfhmrj mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh sa ahcfahma, lj qua jdlfg` `l pfstóh mal kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh `mada kjvarsa b`cf` `mal`hta, ma ljma cu`l sa alfkfh` l` bjlgur` ma l` cjrra` ma sagurfm`m. Maspuæs ma`utjkóvfl, qua al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh sa mfsp`ra, sar raakpl`z`mj. ^`r`cjkj qua rasult`mj al kac`hfskj tahsfóh hj iuhcfjha mur`hta ljs tr`d`ojs ma rap`r`cfóh ah al @mvartahcf` Mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` y aspara `l kahjs 4 kfhutjs `htas ma b`car `lgj ah al cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m. @ cjhtfhu`cfóh, ratfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l y mascjhacta al cjhactjr ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma tahsfóh mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m. Hj axpjhg` al kac`hfskj ma tahsfóh ` takpar`tur`s suparfjras ` 0>> ¾ C. Cfhturjhas ma sagurfm`m Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Cfhturjh ma sagurfm`m mal`htarj mal`htarj 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al `sfahtj mal`htarj `prjpf`mj.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` kjlmur` mad`oj mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. =. Sf =. Sf al tr`d`oj sa ra`lfz` masma al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr, masahrjsqua al parhj y kuav` l` p`l`hc` ma lfdar`cfóh mal c`pó b`cf` al l`mj. 1. Ah 1. Ah al `utjkóvfl, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al djrma l`tar`l mal`htarj.
9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla al tjrhfllj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb` ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al djrma l`tar`l fhtarfjr (ijtj ma l` m aracb`). 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra ljs salljs ma l`s puart`s mal`htar` y tr`sar` mal pfl`r cahtr`l.
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l` gu`rhfcfóh mal pfl`r cahtr`l. L` alfkfh`cfóh mada cjkahz`r ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal d`stfmjr.
6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` p`rta mal`htar` mal djrma macjr`tfvj mal ukdr`l ma l` puart` tr`sar` p`r` `ccamar `l t`kdjr ma tahsfóh ma fharcf`.
0>. 0>. ^`r` ^`r` ratfr`r cjkplat`kahta al djrma macjr`tfvj mal ukdr`l ma l` puart` tr`sar`, as hacas`rfj quft`r al `sfahtj tr`sarj. 00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 tjrhflljs y ratfra l` guë` mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m mal pfl`r cahtr`l.
04. 04. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m y sap`ra uh cfhturóh ma uh `ousta ma `ltur`.
03. 03. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) ma l` suoacfóh ma uh t`kdjr ma fharcf` ma uh cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m y tjka uh t`kdjr cjh uh cfhturóh.
Cfhturjhas ma sagurfm`m tr`sarjs ah ljs kjmaljs ma s`lóh (s`lóh) (s`lóh) 0=. 0=. Tatfra Tatfra al cjoëh mal `sfahtj tr`sarj y ljs cjofhas l`tar`las. 01. 01. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh parhj ma l` suoacfóh fhiarfjr ma uh cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m `l pfsj.
09. 09. Tatfra Tatfra l`s t`p`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` p`rta mal`htar` mal ast`hta tr`sarj `l cuarpj.
07. 07. Cjh Cjh cufm`mj, ratfra (ijtj ` l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra (ijtj ` l` maracb`) l`s pl`c`s macjr`tfv`s macjr`tfv`s p`r` p`s`r l` cjrra` ` tr`væs mal ast`hta tr`sarj. 02. 02. Tatfra Tatfra ljs `lt`vjca `lt`vjcass tr`sarjs (`lt`vjcas (`lt`vjcas). ). 06. 06. @dr` @dr` l` c`o` ma `lk`cah`kfahtj ah al cahtrj mal ast`hta tr`sarj y mas`tjrhflla al parhj ma kjht`oa mal ast`hta.
4>. 4>. Lav`hta Lav`hta al djrma irjht`l mal ast`hta y, kjvfæhmjlj b`cf` `mal`hta, ratëralj ma l` r`hur`.
40. 40. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma suoacfóh ma uh t`kdjr ma fharcf` ma uh cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m y quëtalj. Cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m tr`sarj ah kjmaljs Cjkdf (Ast`ta) (Ast`ta)
44. 44. @dr` @dr` l` puart` tr`sar` y ratfra al sallj l`tar`l mal l`mj masa`mj. Tatfra al djrma fhtarfjr suparfjr ma l` raofll` tr`sar` y ratfra l` t`p` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma `lk`cah`kfahtj l`tar`l ah al k`latarj. Tatfra l` t`p` mal k`latarj. 43. 43. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h al djrma pjstarfjr mal k`latarj.
4=. 4=. Tatfra Tatfra al djrma tr`sarj mal k`latarj (ijtj fzqufarm`) y al djrma tr`sarj l`tar`l mal k`latarj (ijtj maracb`). 41. 41. Tatfra Tatfra l` cudfart` y masahrjsqua al parhj fhiarfjr mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m. 49. 49. Tatfra Tatfra l` kjlmur` macjr`tfv` y masahrjsqua al parhj mal `hcl`oa ma l` cjrra` suparfjr mal sjpjrta, jdsarv`hmj l` udfc`cfóh ma l`s ouht`s ah al `hcl`oa ma l` cjrra` suparfjr. 47. 47. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m.
42. 42. @l @l ratfr`r l`s `r`hmal`s y l`s ouht`s mal parhj ma suoacfóh ma l` cjrra`, mada `hjt`rsa su pjsfcfóh ral`tfv`.
46. 46. Tatfra Tatfra l` `r`hmal` ma p`sj mal parhj ma `hcl`oa ma l` cjrra` suparfjr.
3>. 3>. Tatfra Tatfra l` ouht` ma l` puart` tr`sar` l`tar`l mal pfl`r tr`sarj (ijtj fzqufarm`) y al djrma fhtarfjr mal pfl`r tr`sarj l`tar`l (ijtj maracb`). 30. 30. Cjh Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra l` raofll` ma vahtfl`cfóh ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l` vaht`h` l`tar`l tr`sar`.
34. 34. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al djrma l`tar`l mal k`latarj (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 33. 33. Mastjrhflla Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al c`rrata ma fharcf` mal cfhturóh ma sagurfm`m.
3=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @ousta fhtarfjr
@mjrhjs fhtarfjras fhtarfjras @mjrhjs @mjrhjs fhtarfjras `sagur`mjs cjh tjrhflljs j t`p`s ma mfvarsjs tfpjs. @l quft`r al djrma, `sagÿrasa ma qua jtrjs alakahtjs hj sa suparpjhg`h cjh c jh al alakahtj alfkfh`mj. L` ifo`cfóh ifo`cf óh ma cu`lqufa cu`lqufarr alakahtj ma `ous `ousta ta sa b`ca gahar`l gahar`lkahta kahta ah sus djrmas. Gu`htar` Gu`htar` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` c`o` ma `lk`cah`kfahtj, ratfra ljs p`s`mjras ma pfvjta y ratfra l` t`p` ma l` c`o` ma `lk`cah`kfahtj.
4. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @lijkdr`s
L` L`
`lijkdr` ah al `utjkóvfl cjhst` ma uh` p`rta y sa ifo` ` lj l`rgj ma ljs djrmas cjh tjrhflljs y t`p`s. Tatfr`r Tatfr`r a fhst`l`r l` `lijkdr` cjhsuka kucbj tfakpj madfmj ` qua as hacas`rfj quft`r tjmjs ljs `mjrhjs `my`cahtas? `sfahtjs, cjhsjl` cahtr`l y cfhturjhas ma sagurfm`m. ]`pfcarë` ]`pfcarë` @htas ma ratfr`r l` t`pfcarë`, mada quft`r l`s k`hfo`s, l`s vfsar`s, al tacbj sjl`r, racjrt`r l` p`rta suparfjr mal p`r`drfs`s y l` vaht`h` tr`sar`, ljs salljs ma l`s puart`s y l`s raofll`s suparfjras.
Cjhsjl` cahtr`l Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Maslfca 0. Maslfca ljs `sfahtjs mal`htarjs cjkplat`kahta b`cf` `mal`hta y mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua `sagur`h l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l ` ljs l`mjs tr`sarjs fzqufarmj y maracbj.
4. Maslfca 4. Maslfca ljs `sfahtjs mal`htarjs cjkplat`kahta b`cf` `tràs y ratfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 3. @dr` 3. @dr` l` cudfart` mal cahfcarj, kuæv`l` b`cf` `mal`hta y ratfra al cahfcarj ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l.
=. Maslfca =. Maslfca al cuarpj mal cahfcarj b`cf` `mal`hta y axtràfg`lj ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l.
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` c`rc`s` mal cahfcarj.
9. @ 9. @ tr`væs ma l` vaht`h` ma fhst`l`cfóh mal cahfcarj, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l`s `l`s fzqufarm` y maracb` ` l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l.
7. Sap`ra 7. Sap`ra l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l`s `l`s fzqufarm` y maracb` ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l y axtràfg`l`s.
2. Ah 2. Ah `utjkóvflas cjh tr`hskfsfóh k`hu`l, ratfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs.
6. Ah 6. Ah vabëculjs cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`, ratfra al djtóh ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfj ma valjcfm`mas. 0>. 0>. Ah Ahsuparfjr tjmjs ljs l` cudfart` macjr`tfv` mal irahj ma k`hj ma l` p`rta makjmaljs, l` cjhsjl`ratfra cahtr`l.
00. 00. Sf Sf astà mfspjhfdla, ratfra ljs rapjs`dr`zjs mal `sfahtj mal`htarj. 04. 04. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s 4 tuarc`s (astàh aspacfifc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) ma l` p`rta mal`htar` ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l `l pfsj.
03. 03. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` tudarë` ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra mal c`laht`mjr, lav`hta l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l cahtr`l y mascjh mascjhacta acta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs.
0=. 0=. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal ahcahmamjr ma cfg`rrflljs (ijtj fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l (ijtj maracb`). 01. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
S`lpfc`marj Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 4. Alfkfha 4. Alfkfha ljs humjs y ljs alakaht alakahtjs js ah l` sf gufaht gufahtaa sacuahcf`? - uh` cjkdfh`cfóh ma mfspjsftfvjs5 - p`hal cahtr`l a fhtarruptjras ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr5 - r`mfj - bjr`s5 - L` mfhàkfc` mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs5 - `frd`g cjhmuctjr y su cjht`ctj5 - Kjtjr mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s. lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. =. Mastjrhflla =. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh mal p`hal ma uh c`laht`mjr y ratëralj mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs. 1. Mastjrhflla 1. Mastjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` `t`mur` ma l` pl`c` ma l` fhst`l`cfóh mal ahcbuia alæctrfcj.
9. Tatfra 9. Tatfra l` pl`c` ma cjhaxfóh mal c`dla`mj mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs mal sjpjrta.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa suparfjras (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) a fhiarfjras (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtjgr`ië` ma l` maracb`) p`r` al sjpjrta mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al `pjyj mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs mal cjhmuctjr.
6. Mas`tjrhflla 6. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 tjrhflljs qua suoat`h l` c`rc`s` mal c`laht`mjr `l p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra l` t`p` ma l` gu`htar`. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra al fhtarruptjr (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y l` djkdfll` (ijtj ma l` maracb`) ma l` flukfh`cfóh ma l` gu`htar` y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma alljs.
00. 00. Ah Ah ljs `utjkóvflas cjh al `cjhmfcfjh`mjr, ratfra al sahsjr ma l` p`rta cahtr`l suparfjr mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs.
04. 04. Tatfra Tatfra l` pl`c` ma fhst`l`cfóh mal sahsjr p`r` qua al sahsjr puam` p`s`r ` tr`væs mal jrfifcfj ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
03. 03. Cjh Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra al k`hfquë mal t`dlarj mal l`mj mal p`s`oarj.
0=. 0=. Masma Masma al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` suspahsfóh ma kjht`oa mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs ` l` p`rtfcfóh mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
01. 01. Ah Ah al `utjkóvfl, mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs qua suoat`h ljs axtrakjs fzqufarmj y maracbj mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs `l sjpjrta ma kjht`oa.
09. 09. ]ahfahmj ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra al p`hal ma uh` p`rtfcfóh ma uh cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Yarfifqua qua ljs tudjs ma sukfhfstrj ma `fra mal c`laht`mjr astæh cjrract`kahta `lfha`mjs cjh al c`laht`mjr. @htas ma ifo`r al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs cjh tuarc`s y parhjs, varfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs sa`h vfsfdlas ` tr`væs ma ljs jrfifcfjs cjrraspjhmfahtas ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Cjhacta l` d`tarë` y varfifqua qua tjmjs ljs cjkpjhahtas alæctrfcjs a fhtarruptjras iuhcfjhah hjrk`lkahta. Aqufpj alæctrfcj. Al vjlt`oa mal sfstak` alæctrfcj as ma 04 vjltfjs cjh uh` tfarr` hag`tfv`. L` ahargë` p`r` ljs i`rjs y tjmjs ljs alakahtjs mal sfstak` alæctrfcj sa sukfhfstr` masma uh` d`tarë` qua sa c`rg` cjh uh `ltarh`mjr. Ast` saccfóh mascrfda ljs prjcamfkfahtjs p`r` l` rap`r`cfóh y al k`htahfkfahtj ma aqufpjs alæctrfcjs qua hj astàh ral`cfjh`mjs cjh al kjtjr.
@mvartahcf` @htas ma cjkahz`r ` tr`d`o`r cjh cu`lqufar` ma ljs aqufpjs alæctrfcjs mal vabëculj, mascjhacta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` p`r` avft`r cjrtjcfrcuftjs y / j fhcahmfjs mur`hta al tr`d`oj. Fhijrk`cfóh tæchfc` Iuahta ma `lfkaht`cfóh
04 vjltfjs, tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` (k`s`) cjhact`mj ` l` c`rrjcarë` mal vabëculj
Djkdfll`s fhc`hmascahtas fhc`hmascahtas
^jtahcf` w w
Flukfh`cfóh axtarfjr? - i`rj
11 (tfpj B7)
- luz ma hfadl`
11 (tfpj B0)
- luz ma pjsfcfóh mal`htar` - fhmfc`mjr ma mfraccfóh
1 40
- rapatfmjr l`tar`l
1
- lucas ma irahj / lucas tr`sar`s
40/1
- luz ma k`rcb` `tràs
40
- luz `htfhfadl` tr`sar`
40
- flukfh`cf flukfh`cfóh óh ma l` k`trëcul`
1
Flukfh`cfóh Flukfh`c fóh fhtarfjr? - Làkp`r`s p`r` flukfh`cf flukfh`cfóh óh fhtarfjr mal`htar` y tr`sar`.
1
- luz ma `rr`hqua
1
Kjkahtjs ma `prfata , H · k. k. ]jrhflljs p`r` al kjht`oa ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal `frd`g.
2
Mataccfóh ma cfrcuftj `dfartj Qh cfrcuftj alæctrfcj cjhvahcfjh`l cjhst` ma uh alakahtj alæctrfcj, fhtarruptjras, ralæs, kjtjras, iusfdlas, mfsyuhtjras, c`dlas y cjhactjras qua cjhact`h al alakahtj alæctrfcj ` l` d`tarë` d`tarë` y `l cuarpj. ^`r` `yum`r ` ahcjhtr`r iuaht iuahtas as ma k`l iuhcfjh`kfa iuhcfjh`kfahtj htj mal sfstak` alæctrfcj, l` l` sudsaccfóh 03.49 prjpjrcfjh 03.49 prjpjrcfjh``
mf`gr`k`s
ma sfstak`s alæctrfc alæctrfcjs js
ma
`utjkóvflas `utjkóvflas..
@htas ma fhtaht`r matarkfh`r l` iuahta ma uh` i`ll`, astumfa al mf`gr`k` mal cfrcuftj alæctrfcj ralav`hta p`r` tahar uh` fma` ma ljs alakahtjs fhst`l`mjs ah asta cfrcuftj. Al r`hgj ma pjsfdlas iuahtas ma k`l iuhcfjh`kfahtj puama ramucfrsa sf sa varfifc` al iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma jtrjs alakahtjs fhclufmjs ah asta cfrcuftj. Sf v`rfjs alakahtjs j cfrcuftjs i`ll`h `l kfskj tfakpj, al prjdlak` as jdvf`kahta uh iusfdla cjkÿh ` astjs cfrcuftjs j alakahtjs, j cjht`ctj cjh al cuarpj. Ljs prjdlak`s alæctrfcjs gahar`lkahta sjh c`us`mjs pjr c`us`s sfkplas, cjkj cjhactjras sualtjs j cjrrjëmjs, i`lt` ma cjht`ctj cjh al cuarpj, iusfdlas quak`mjs, uh puahta ma iuhmfmj iuhmfmj j uh ralæ maiactujsj. Yarfifqua vfsu`lkahta l` cjhmfcfóh ma tjmjs ljs iusfdlas, c`dlas y cjhactjras ah al cfrcuftj maiactujsj `htas ma prjcamar ` varfifc`r ljs alakahtjs rast`htas. Qsa ljs mf`gr`k`s alæctrfcjs p`r` matarkfh`r cuàl ma l`s `dr`z`mar`s ifh`las sa mada varfifc`r p`r` ahcjhtr`r l` iuahta ma l` i`ll`. L`s barr`kfaht`s prfhcfp`las qua sa hacasft`h p`r` matact`r l` iuahta ma uh` i`ll` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj sjh uh prjd`mjr j uh vjltëkatrj (uh` djkdfll` ma 04 vjltfjs y uh p`r ma c`dlas cjh sjhm`s ah ljs axtrakjs t`kdfæh sa puamah us`r p`r` ra`lfz`r `lguh`s varfifc`cfjhas)5 jbkfókatrj uh` d`tarë` y uh cjhouhtj ma c`dlas cjh sjhm`s, uh` parijr`cfóh ma t`p`, praiarfdlakahta cjh uh cjrt`cfrcuftjs j uh iusfdla, qua sa utflfz` p`r` avft`r ljs c`dlas j alakahtjs qua sa astàh varfifc`hmj. ^`r` matact`r l` c`us` ma l` jpar`cfóh hj cjhif`dla ma cu`lqufar` ma ljs alakahtjs (gahar`lkahta madfmj ` l` k`l` cjhaxfóh j cjht`kfh`cfóh ma ljs cjht`ctjs, `së cjkj `l `fsl`kfahtj m`ð`mj), puama varfifc`r l` vfdr`cfóh ma ljs c`dlas. As hacas`rfj `gft`r al c`dla cjh l` k`hj p`r` varfifc`r sf b`y uh` i`ll` ma iuhcfjh`kfahtj cu`hmj al c`dla sa astà kjvfahmj. Asta kætjmj puama ramucfr al r`hgj ma pjsfdlas iuahtas ma k`l iuhcfjh`kfahtj ma cu`lqufar c`dla. Ouhtj cjh ljs prjdlak` prjdlak`ss madfmjs ` uh c`dla`mj maifcfaht maifcfahta, a, mjs tfpjs prfhcfp`las ma i`ll`s puamah jcurr jcurrfr fr ah uh sfstak` alæctrfcj? uh cfrcuftj `dfartj j uh cjrtjcfrcuftj. Ljs prjdlak`s cjh uh cfrcuftj `dfartj `p`racah cjkj rasult`mj ma uh cfrcuftj `dfartj ah al aqufpj alæctrfcj, qua fhtarrukpa al iluoj ma cjrrfahta. Qh cfrcuftj `dfartj prjvjc`rà l` mascjhaxfóh ma ljs aqufpjs alæctrfcjs. Ljs prjdlak`s cjh uh cjrtjcfrcuftj sjh c`us`mjs pjr uh cjrtjcfrcuftj ma uh` p`rta mal cfrcuftj, lj qua cjhmuca ` uh` iug` ma cjrrfahta ma jtrj cfrcuftj, gahar`lkahta mfract`kahta `l cuarpj. Qh cjrtjcfrcuftj gahar`lkahta as c`us`mj pjr uh` ruptur` ah al `fsl`kfahtj ma ljs c`dlas, lj qua parkfta qua al c`dla tjqua jtrj c`dla j `lgÿh alakahtj cjhact`mj ` tfarr`, cjkj uh cuarpj. Qh cjrtjcfrcuftj gahar`lkahta b`ca qua al iusfdla cjrraspjhmfahta sa iuhm`.
Mataccfóh ma rjtur` ma cfrcuftj cfrcuftj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` varfifc`r l` fhtagrfm`m mal cfrcuftj, cjhacta uh fhstrukahtj ma pruad` ma cfrcuftj j uh` sjhm` ma vjltëkatrj hag`tfvj `l tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` j ` l` calm` cjhact`m` ` tfarr`. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta l` saguhm` sjhm` ` l` cjhaxfóh ah al cfrcuftj d`oj pruad`, praiarfdlakahta l` kàs carc`h` ` l` d`tarë` j iusfdla. @l kfskj tfakpj, ast` saccfóh mal cfrcuftj mada sar ahargfz`m` masma l` d`tarë`, ` kahjs qua al cjhactjr ma l` d`tarë` hj cjhmuzc` l` cjrrfahta j al iusfdla sa qufadra (hj jlvfma qua `lguhjs cfrcuftjs ma aqufpjs alæctrfcjs sjlj sa ahcfahmah cu`hmj sa gfr` l` ll`va ah l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj ` uh` cfart` pjsfcfóh). 3. Ahcfahm` 3. Ahcfahm` al cfrcuftj, luagj cjhacta l` sjhm` mal prjd`mjr ` l` cjhaxfóh kàs carc`h` `l fhtarruptjr ah al l`mj mal alakahtj ` prjd`r.
=. Sf =. Sf b`y uh vjlt`oa prasahta (cjkj lj fhmfc` uh` luz ma pruad` j uh` lactur` ma vjltëkatrj), astj sfghfifc` qua l` saccfóh mal cfrcuftj ahtra l` cjhaxfóh cjrraspjhmfahta y al fhtarruptjr hj tfaha fhtarrupcfjhas. 1. Cjhtfhÿa 1. Cjhtfhÿa prjd`hmj al cfrcuftj ma l` kfsk` k`har`. Sf b`y uh` saccfóh mjhma hj b`y vjlt`oa, sfghfifc` qua al cfrcuftj sa rjkpfó ahtra asta puhtj y al puhtj ma l` pruad` `htarfjr mjhma b`dë` vjlt`oa. L` k`yjrë` ma ljs prjdlak`s ma cfrcuftj `dfartj sjh c`us`mjs pjr uh cjhactjr rjtj j sualtj. Mataccfóh ma iuahta ma cjrtjcfrcuftj cjrtjcfrcuftj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` matact`r l` iuahta ma uh cjrtjcfrcuftj, prfkarj mascjhacta ljs alakahtjs ma c`rg` mal cfrcuftj (ljs alakahtjs ma c`rg` mal cfrcuftj sjh alakahtjs qua cjhsukah cjrrfahta alæctrfc`, cjkj djkdfll`s, kjtjras alæctrfcjs, alakahtjs ma c`lai`ccfóh, atc.). 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al iusfdla `prjpf`mj y cjhacta ljs c`dlas ma pruad` mal prjd`mjr j vjltëkatrj ` ljs tarkfh`las mal iusfdla. 3. Ahcfahm` 3. Ahcfahm` l` `lfkaht`cfóh ah al cfrcuftj, parj hj jlvfma qua `lguhjs cfrcuftjs ma aqufpjs alæctrfcjs sa `ctfv`h sjlj cu`hmj sa gfr` l` ll`va ah l` carr`mur` ma ahcahmfmj b`st` uh` cfart` pjsfcfóh. =. Sf =. Sf b`y uh vjlt`oa prasahta (cjkj lj fhmfc` uh` luz ma pruad` j uh` lactur` ma vjltëkatrj), astj sfghfifc` qua b`y uh cjrtjcfrcuftj ah al cfrcuftj. 1. Sfh 1. Sfh akd`rgj, sf hj b`y vjlt`oa mur`hta l` pruad`, al iusfdla `ÿh sa quak` cu`hmj l` c`rg` mal cfrcuftj astà cjhact`m`, astj fhmfc` uh` i`ll` mal alakahtj ma c`rg`. K`l`
mataccfóh
ma
sualj sualj
Al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` astà cjhact`mj ` l` "k`s`"? al kat`l mal cuarpj, al kjtjr j l` c`o` ma c`kdfjs. @l kfskj tfakpj, kucbjs alakahtjs mal aqufpj alæctrfcj astàh cjhact`mjs ma t`l k`har` qua sjlj al c`dla pjsftfvj as `macu`mj p`r` alljs, kfahtr`s qua l` cjrrfahta ragras` ` l` d`tarë` ` tr`væs mal kat`l mal cuarpj. Astj sfghfifc` qua l` cjhaxfóh mal cjkpjhahta alæctrfcj y al cuarpj sjh p`rta mal cfrcuftj alæctrfcj. Cjkj rasult`mj, uh kjht`oa maiactujsj j cjrrjëmj puama b`car qua al alakahtj i`lla j prjvjc`r uh rahmfkfahtj fhast`dla j maifcfahta. Ah p`rtfcul`r, l`s djkdfll`s puamah ahcahmarsa cjh uh` luz tahua (aspacf`lkahta sf al puhtj ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr` ma ast` djkdfll` sa us` p`r` cjhact`r ` tfarr` cu`lqufar alakahtj mal aqufpj alæctrfcj qua `ÿh astæ ahcahmfmj), ljs kjtjras alæctrfcjs puamah iuhcfjh`r laht`kahta. @makàs, l` jpar`cfóh ma uh cfrcuftj puama tahar uh aiactj fkparcaptfdla ` prfkar` vfst` ah l` jpar`cfóh ma jtrj cfrcuftj. Hj jlvfma qua kucbjs `utjkóvflas utflfz`h c`dlas ma tfarr` ahtra `lguhjs alakahtjs, cjkj al kjtjr, l` tr`hskfsfóh y l` c`rrjcarë`, as macfr, ah lug`ras mjhma hj b`y cjht`ctj mfractj ahtra ljs alakahtjs katàlfcjs madfmj ` ljs kjht`oas ma gjk` su`va j uh` c`p` ma pfhtur`.
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` varfifc`r l` cjhif`dflfm`m mal alakahtj ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr`, mada mascjhact`r l` d`tarë` y cjhact`r uh` ma l`s sjhm`s mal jbkëkatrj ` uh alakahtj cjrract`kahta cjhact`mj ` tfarr`.Cjhacta l` jtr` sjhm` `l c`dla j l` cjhaxfóh `l cuarpj qua masa` varfifc`r. L` rasfstahcf` kjstr`m` pjr al óbkatrj mada sar carj5 Sf hj, varfifqua l` cjhaxfóh ma l` sfgufahta k`har`. 4. Sf 4. Sf `suka qua hj b`y cjhaxfóh ` tfarr`, maskjhta l` cjhaxfóh y lfkpfa l` saccfóh mal cuarpj y al tarkfh`l mal c`dla (j pl`hj ma tfarr` mal alakahtj) ah uh kat`l mascudfartj. Alfkfha cufm`mjs`kahta tjmjs ljs r`strjs ma sucfam`m, luagj usa uh cucbfllj p`r` alfkfh`r tjm` l` pfhtur` y `së jdtahar uh cjht`ctj cjhif`dla ma l`s mjs suparifcfas katàlfc`s. @l ahs`kd ahs`kdl`r, l`r, `prfata ifrkakahta al suoat`mjr ma mall ccjhactjr5 jhactjr5 `l cjhact`r al tarkfh`l ma c`dla, fhst`la uh` `r`hmal` cjh djrmas maht`mjs ahtra al tarkfh`l y l` suparifcfa mal cuarpj p`r` g`r`htfz`r uh` cjhaxfóh cjhif`dla.Cu`hmj astæ cjhact`mj, avfta l` cjrrjsfóh iutur` `plfc`hmj uh` c`p` ma v`salfh` j gr`s` ma sflfcjh`. Iusfdlas y ralæs
Iusfdlas Iusfdlas L` udfc`cfóh ma ljs iusfdlas ah l` c`o` prfhcfp`l. prfhcfp`l. L` k`yjrë` ma ljs iusfdlas sa ahcuahtr`h ah l` c`o` ma iusfdlas udfc`m` ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. Ljs iusfdlas `mfcfjh`las sa ahcuahtr`h ah l` c`o` ma iusfdlas y ralæs ah al l`mj irjht` irjht`ll fzqufarmj mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr.
Taakpl`zj Taakpl`zj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` `ccamar ` l` c`o` ma iusfdlas prfhcfp`l, `dr` l` cudfart` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr, gfra al clfp 6> ¾ y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas.
4. ^`r` 4. ^`r` `ccamar ` ljs iusfdlas udfc`mjs ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, sfkplakahta ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas.
3. L` 3. L` masfgh`cfóh ma ljs cfrcuftjs prjtagfmjs pjr iusfdlas sa m` ah l` t`p` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas, `së cjkj ah al k`hu`l ma fhstruccfjhas.
=. @l =. @l raakpl`z`r raakpl`z`r al iusfdla, `p`gua al cfrcuftj alæctr alæctrfcj fcj prjtag prjtagfmj fmj pjr æl. Luagj ratfra al iusfdla ma ljs clf clfps. ps. 1. Sfakpra 1. Sfakpra raakpl`ca al iusfdla cjh jtrj ma l` kfsk` c`p`cfm`m. Huhc` raakpl`ca uh iusfdla kàs ma uh` vaz sfh matarkfh`r l` c`us` ma su axpljsfóh. Talæs Talæs L` k`yjrë` ma ljs ralæs sa ahcuahtr` ahcuahtr`h h ah l` c`o` ma ralæs y ljs iusfdlas ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr j ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs fhstrukahtjs ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr, cjh l` axcapcfóh ma ljs sfgufahtas? -
ralæ
mal ralæ
tacbj ma
sjl`r5 lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s5
- Talæ vahtfl`mjr mal r`mf`mjr. Fhtarruptjras ma luz @mvartahcf` @htas ma ratfr`r cu`lqufar fhtarruptjr, qufta al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
Axtr`ccfóh a fhst`l`cfóh mal FH]ATTQ^]JT MA YALJCFM@M MA MFTACCFÓH JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` l ` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr ma uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y ratfra l`s ccudfart` udfart`ss suparfjr a fhiarfjr ma uh` cj lukh` ma mfraccfóh. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal cjhtrjl ma crucarj.
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal fhtarruptjr, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al
fhtarruptjr ma l` cjlukh` ma l` mfraccfóh (ijtj ma l` maracb`).
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma axtr`ccfóh (ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh sa fhmfc`h kamf`hta ilacb`s).
FH]ATTQ^]JT MA CJH]TJL MA CTQCATJ CTQCATJ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mas`tjrhflla 0. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr ma uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh, mascjhacta uh ahcbuia alæctrfcj y ratfra l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al fhtarruptjr ma cjhtrjl ma crucarj ma l` cudfart` ma l` cjlukh` fhiarfjr.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. MFS^JSF]FYJS MA ^@HAL MA FH]ATTQ^]JTAS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` cudfart` mal mal fhkjvflfz`mjr, gfra al clfp 6> ¾ y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` c`o` ma iusfdlas. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h l` d`sa mal grupj ma fhtarruptjras.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra alæctrfcj. al p`hal ma fhtarruptjras mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs y mascjhacta al cjhactjr
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` quft`r uh fhtarruptjr sap`r`mj ma uh grupj ma fhtarruptjras, `prfata ljs sjpjrtas ma dljquaj y ratfra al fhtarruptjr.
1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. FH]ATTQ^]JTAS MA L@ ^@T]A CAH]T@L MAL ^@HAL MA FHS]TQKAH]JS FHS]TQKAH]JS TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` p`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh. Ah vabëculjs sfh p`ht`ll`, sap`ra al l`mj maracbj mal fhtarruptjr cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj ma l` gu`htar`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al k`rcj mal fhtarruptjr.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al grupj ma
fhtarruptjras mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
=. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs y ratfra c`m` fhtarruptjr pjr sap`r`mj ma ljs makàs.
1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. FH]ATTQ^]JTAS MA L@ CJHSJL@ CAH]T@L CAH]T@L JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Al fhtarruptjr ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l sa puama quft`r mal zóc`lj uh` vaz qua l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l sa b`y` mas`tjrhfll`mj mal pfsj mal vabëculj. GTQ^J MA FH]ATTQ^]JTAS AH ^QAT]@S TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, ratfra l` kjlmur` ma ljs fhtarruptjras ma l` puart` mal `utjkóvfl.
4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh` p`l`hc`, ratfra al fhtarruptjr mal zóc`lj ma l` puart` (ijtj fzqufarm`) y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` kfsk` (ijtj maracb`). 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SWF]CBAS ]J^ CJHSJLA JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cudfart` ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` cjhsjl` suparfjr.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 tjrhflljs (fhm (fhmfc`mjs fc`mjs pjr l`s l `s ilacb`s) y d`oa l` cjhsjl` suparfjr b`cf` `d`oj.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs y ratfra l` cjhsjl` suparfjr mal vabëculj.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` quft`r al fhtarruptjr mal tacbj sjl`r, mas`tjrhflla mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) ma l` pl`c` ma cfrcuftj y ratfra al fhtarruptjr ma l` p`rta suparfjr (ijtj ma l` maracb`). Ljs fhtarruptjras rast`htas ijrk`h p`rta ma l` cjhsjl` suparfjr y hj puamah raakpl`z`rsa pjr sap`r`mj. 1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. FH]ATTQ^]JTAS MA @SFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh cufm`mj, usa uh` p`l`hc` p`r` ratfr`r al fhtarruptjr ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal `sfahtj y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. 4. Cjhacta 4. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l fhtarruptjr y vualv` v ualv` ` fhst`l`rlj.
FH]ATTQ^]JT MA LÀK^@T@ MA CJH]TJL MA FHCLQSFÓH MA ITAHJ K@HQ@L K@HQ@L TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta uh` tjk` alæctrfc` mal fhtarruptjr ma uh` làkp`r` ma cjhtrjl qua fhcluy` uh irahj k`hu`l, mascjhacta al fhtarruptjr y ratëralj ma l` p`l`hc` ma uh irahj k`hu`l. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
FH]ATTQ^]JT FH]ATTQ^]JT MA FLQKFH@CFÓH FH]ATFJT FH]ATFJT JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` puart` y ratfra l` iuhm` ma gjk` mal fhtarruptjr udfc`mj ah al kjht`hta ma l` puart`.
4. Sualta 4. Sualta ljs pastflljs y ratfra cjh cufm`mj al fhtarruptjr `utjkàtfcj mal d`stfmjr.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, `ta uh c`dla malg`mj ` ljs c`dlas qua v`h `l fhtarruptjr.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
FH]ATTQ^]JT MA LQ_ ]TJHCJ ]TJHCJ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah ljs `utjs S`ljjh, `dr` l` t`p` mal k`latarj, qufta l`s t`p`s y ratfra al djrma mal k`latarj. 4. Ah 4. Ah ljs kjmaljs Ast`ta, `dr` l` puart` tr`sar`, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` k`hfo` ma l` puart` tr`sar`. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, ratfra al djrma macjr`tfvj mal djtóh ma dljquaj fhtarhj. 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs, ratfra al fhtarruptjr y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sahsjr ma lluvf` lluvf` TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` c`o` ma uh aspaoj ratrjvfsjr fhtarfjr masma al fhtarfjr ma uh p`r`drfs`s, maspuæs ma b`darlj tfr`mj b`cf` `d`oj. 4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, mascjhacta ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y ratfra al sahsjr ma lluvf` mal p`r`drfs`s. @mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Hj tjqua l` lahta mal sahsjr ma lluvf` j al p`r`drfs`s ah al àra` mal sahsjr, y` qua ^`r` al iuhcfjh`kfahtj hjrk`l mal sahsjr, su lahta y al p`r`drfs`s madah ast`r `dsjlut`kahta lfkpfjs. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Djkdfll`s ma luz `kdfahta Taakpl`zj Taakpl`zj @mvartahcf`
@htas
ma
raakpl`z`r
l`s
djkdfll`s
`kdfaht`las,
varfifqua
al
cfrcuftj
alæctrfcj
y
al
iusfdla
`prjpf`mjs.
Hj tjqua l` djkdfll` ma crfst`l ma l` làkp`r` cjh l`s k`hjs. L` buall` mfgft`l sa av`pjr` y sa mapjsft` ah al railactjr, lj qua rasult` ah uh` flukfh`cfóh pjdra. @sagÿrasa ma raakpl`z`r l`s làkp`r`s rjt`s cjh làkp`r`s mal kfskj tfpj. K`hcb`s fhvjluht`r fhvjluht`rf`s f`s mal cjht`ctj cjh uh tr`pj j `lcjbjl lfkpfj y sfh palus`s. I`rj I`rj JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Sualta 0. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas ma ratahcfóh y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal i`rj.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` djkdfll` fhc`hmascahta mal i`rj.
3. @prfata 3. @prfata l` djkdfll` ma rasjrta y módlal` b`cf` uh l`mj. Tatfra l` djkdfll` mal i`rj. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la l` huav` djkdfll` ma kjmj qua l`s prjtudar`hcf`s prjtudar`hcf`s ah al sjpjrta ma l` làkp`r` astæh `lfha`m`s cjh l`s r`hur`s ma ljs i `rjs, y `sagura l` djkdfll` cjh clfps ma rasjrta. 1. Cjhacta 1. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj a fhst`la al i`rj tr`sarj. IQAGJ MFKAHSFJH@L MAL@H]ATJ MAL@H]ATJ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sualta 0. Sualta al sjpjrta y ratfra l` cudfart` pjstarfjr mal i`rj. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s l`tar`l y sàqualj mal i`rj. Tatfra l` djkdfll` mal c`rtucbj tfr`hmj ma ustam b`cf` ustam. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
L@K^@T@S MA IJG IJG TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) y ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma plàstfcj udfc`mj mad`oj ma l` luz `htfhfadl`.
3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (ijtj fzqufarm`), sualta al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` luz `htfhfadl` (ijtj maracb`). =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al clfp ma rasjrta (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb`) y ratfra al railactjr ma l` c`o` mal i`rj.
1. Mascjhacta 1. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb` ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`), `prfata al rasjrta ma luz y ratfra l` djkdfll` mal i`rj (ijtj ma l`
maracb`). 9. Fhst`la 9. Fhst`la l` huav` djkdfll` ma kjmj qua l`s prjtudar`hcf`s ah al pjrt`làkp`r`s astæh `lfha`m`s cjh l`s r`hur`s ma ljs i`rjs, y `sagÿral`s cjh uh clfp ma rasjrta. 7. Cjhacta 7. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y al sjpjrta ma rasjrta p`r` al railactjr ah al i`rj. 2. Yualv` 2. Yualv` ` fhst`l`r al i`rj y `sagÿralj cjh al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa. 6. Cjhacta 6. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y vualv` ` cjljc`r l`s sjl`p`s ma plàstfcj mad`oj mal i`rj. ËHMFCA MA @MAL@H]@MJ @MAL@H]@MJ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH TAHMFKFAH]J 0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` MA kaojr`r al `ccasj ` l` sað`l ma gfrj mal`htar` fzqufarm`, ratfra l` cudfart` prjtactjr` ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al c`rtucbj ma l` djkdfll` mal fhmfc`mjr ma mfraccfóh irjht`l ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo y axtràfg`lj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal fhmfc`mjr ma mfraccfóh. ^`r` quft`r l` làkp`r` fhc`hmascahta mal c`rtucbj, prasfóhal` y ah ast` pjsfcfóh, gfra b`cf` l` maracb` j b`cf` l` fzqufarm`.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. TA^A]FMJT MA TJ]@MJT L@]AT@L L@]AT@L JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra l` sað`l ma gfrj l`tar`l mal gu`rm`d`rrjs.
4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s ah sahtfmj `htfbjr`rfj y axtràfg`lj. ^`r` axtr`ar l`
djkdfll` mal c`rtucbj, tfra ma all` b`cf` ustam.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. DJKDFLL@S ^@T@ L@ L@K^@T@ ]T@SAT@ ]T@SAT@ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ah 0. Ah l` p`rta tr`sar` mal k`latarj, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al djrma tr`sarj mal k`latarj. Tatfra l`s t`p`s y ratfra al djrma mal k`latarj tr`sarj.
4. Ah 4. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs p`r` `ccamar ` l` luz tr`sar` fzqufarm`, mas`tjrhflla al cjhactjr (fhmfc`mj pjr l` ilacb` ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`), ratfra al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma `lk`cah`kfahtj y b`g` ` uh l`mj al djrma l`tar`l fzqufarmj mal d`ÿl (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 3. Sualta 3. Sualta ljs clfps ma ratahcfóh y ratfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s ma l` làkp`r`.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` axtr`ar l` djkdfll` mal c`rtucbj, prasfóhal` y ah ast` pjsfcfóh, gëral` b`cf` l` fzqufarm`.
1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. DJKDFLL@S MA L@ LÀK^@T@ ^JS]ATFJT AH KJMALJS CJKDF (AS]@]A) (AS]@]A) JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` luz tr`sar`. 4. Sualta 4. Sualta ljs clfps y ratfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s ma l` djkdfll`.
3. ^`r` 3. ^`r` quft`r l` djkdfll` mal sjpjrta ma l` luz tr`sar`, prasfóhal` y ah ast` pjsfcfóh, gëral` b`cf` l` fzqufarm`.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
LÀK^@T@ MA LQ_, LQ_ MA SAÐ@L MA HßKATJ AH LJS KJMALJS MA SAMÀH (S@LÓH) JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Sualta 0. Sualta al sjpjrta y ratfra l` cudfart` ma l` luz ma l` pl`c` ma k`trëcul`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` djkdfll` mal sjpjrta tfr`hmj ma all` b`cf` ustam.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. LÀK^@T@ MA LQ_ MAL HßKATJ SAÐ@L MA LQ_ AH LJS KJMALJS CJKDF (AS]@MJ) (AS]@MJ) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Mastjrhflla 0. Mastjrhflla al tjrhfllj y ratfra l` luz ma l` pl`c` ma k`trëcul`.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` djkdfll` tfr`hmj ma all` b`cf` ustam.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L`kp`r`s ma flukfh`cfóh fhtarfjr Taakpl`zj cjcbas cjh cjhsjl` ma tacbj tacbj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr, ratfra l` luz mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj irjht`l ma l` cjhsjl` suparfjr.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` làkp`r` mal p`s`oarj mal`htarj s`càhmjl` mal sjpjrta.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
@Q]JS SFH CJHSJL@ CJHSJL@ SQ^AT SQ^ATFJT FJT JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, ratfra l` luz fhtarfjr mal tacbj.
4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s ah sahtfmj `htfbjr`rfj y sàqualj ma l` lfhtarh`.
3. ^`r` 3. ^`r` raakpl`z`r l` djkdfll`, sàqual` mal c`rtucbj.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
MFS^JSF]FYJS MA CJKDFH@CFÓH MA CJKDFH@CFÓH MA LQ_ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s ah sahtfmj cjhtr`rfj ` l`s `guo`s mal raljo y axtràfg`lj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs.
3. Cu`hmj 3. Cu`hmj raakpl`ca l`s djkdfll`s ma flukfh`cfóh mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs, usa sjlj djkdfll`s mal kfskj tfpj y pjtahcf`. =. Fhst`la =. Fhst`la al pjrt`làkp`r`s ah al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs y gëralj b`cf` l` maracb`. Fhst`la al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs ah al t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs. ^@HAL MA C@LAH]@KFAH]J MA FLQKFH@CFJH MA L@K^@T@S L@K^@T@S TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al p`hal mal c`laht`mjr mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt` pjrt`làkp`r`s làkp`r`s b`cf` l` maracb` j b`cf` l` fzqufarm` y ratëralj ma l` c`o` ma ccjhtrj jhtrjl. l. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l` djkdfll` mal c`rtucbj tfr`hmj ma ustam b`cf` ustam. =. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L@K^@T@ BJT@S MA FLQKFH@CFJH TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Puft`r 0. Puft`r al raljo. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s 6> ¾ y axtràfg`lj mal cjst`mj mal raljo.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ^@H]@LL@ KQL]FIQHCFJH LQKFHJS@ LQKFHJS@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` p`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh. 4. Gfra 4. Gfra al pjrt`làkp`r`s 6> ¾ y axtràfg`lj ma l` p`ht`ll`.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. FH]ATTQ^]JTAS FH]ATTQ^] JTAS MA L LQ_ Q_ ^@T@ L L@ @ LQ_ MA FFLQKFH@C LQKFH@CFÓH FÓH MA L LJS JS FH]ATTQ FH]ATTQ^]JTAS ^]JTAS L`s djkdfll`s ma flukfh`cfóh ma ljs fhtarruptjras ah l` k`yjrë` ma ljs c`sjs, uh` p`rta fhtagr`l ma ljs fhtarruptjras y hj puamah raakpl`z`rsa raakpl`z`rs a pjr ssap`r`mj. ap`r`mj. @p`r`tjs @p`r`tjs ma flukfh`cfóhsjh, axtarfjr @mvartahcf` @htas ma ratfr`r ljs mfspjsftfvjs ma flukfh`cfóh, ratfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh I@TJS I@TJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` al c`pó y ratfra ljs cjhactjras ma kjht`oa ma l` raofll`.
4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`m mastjrhfll`mjr, jr, sap`ra ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` raofll`.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` mal vahtfl`mjr `l cfarra ma l` cudfart`. Mas`tjrhflla ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua `sagur`h al cfarra ma l` cudfart` y mascjhacta al c`dla.
=. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta uh c`dla ma l` carr`mur` ma uh` cudfart` y ratfra l` carr`mur`.
1. Masma 1. Masma mad`oj mal `rcj ma l` ruam`, usa uh mastjrhfll`mjr paquaðj p`r` quft`r l`
t`p` y `ccamar `l rasjrta ma ifo`cfóh mal i`rj.
9. Cjh 9. Cjh uhjs `lfc`tas j uh` v`rfll` aspacf`l, mascjhacta al rasjrta ma dljquaj mal i`rj ma l` c`rrjcarë` mal `utjkóvfl.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 3 parhjs ma kjht`oa mal i`rj.
2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (ijtj fzqufarm`) y ratfra al i`rj (ijtj maracb`).
6. Ah 6. Ah vabëculjs aqufp`mjs cjh uh `ousta ma i`rj, ratfra al kjtjr ma l` p`rta tr`sar` mal i`rj gfràhmjlj b`cf` l` fzqufarm`.
0>. 0>. ]ahfahmj ]ahfahmj cufm`mj, mascjhacta l` dfs`gr` asiærfc` ma l` p`rta tr`sar` ma uh railactjr ma uh i`rj.
00. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L@K^@T@ @H]F-IJG @H]F-IJG TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Lav`hta 0. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` prjtaccfóh ma plàstfcj ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr ma l` luz `htfhfadl`. `htfhfadl`.
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y masahrjsqua al tjrhfllj ma kjht`oa mal i`rj fhiarfjr.
3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra al rasjrta ma ratahcfóh suparfjr y ratfra al i`rj ma l` p`rta mal`htar`
fhiarfjr mal p`r`cbjquas.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. 1. ^`r` 1. ^`r` `oust`r l` luz `htfhfadl` cjh l` tacl` aspacf`l, gfra l` parfll` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr i`rj. Sf cudfart` prjtactjr` ma plàstfcj mal i`rj, almalcjhtrjl masa l` quftó luz mall` i`rj sa puama gfr`r cjh l` k`hj.ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr
L@K^@T@ ]T@SAT@ AH KJMALJS MA SAM@H (S@LJH) (S@LJH) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Mastjrhflla 0. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra al djrma pjstarfjr mal k`latarj. Tatfra l`s t`p`s y ratfra al djrma mal k`latarj tr`sarj. Ah `lguhjs kjmaljs, masdljquaa al clfp y ratfra al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma `lk`cah`kfahtj p`r` `ccamar ` l` luz tr`sar` fzqufarm`.
4. Sualta 4. Sualta ljs sjpjrtas y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` luz tr`sar`.
3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (ijtj fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` luz l uz tr`sar` (ijtj maracb`). =. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. LÀK^@T@ ]T@SAT@ AH AL @L@ MA QH CJCBA CJKDF (AS]@MJ) JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` t`p` mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma `lk`cah`kfahtj ah al k`latarj.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb`) y ratfra l` làkp`r` tr`sar` mal `l` mal `utjkóvfl.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
LÀK^@T@ ]T@SAT@, QDFC@M@ AH L@ ^QAT]@ ]T@SAT@ MAL CJCBA CJKDV (AS]@]A) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` y ratfra l` kjlmur`.
4. Sualta 4. Sualta al sjpjrta s jpjrta y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (fhm (fhmfc`m`s fc`m`s pjr ll`s `s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` l uz tr`sar` ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. SAÐ@LAS MA ^@T@M@ SQ^ATFJT @MFCFJH@LAS @MFCFJH@LAS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma s`lóh s`lóh
0. Qs`hmj 0. Qs`hmj uh` v`rfll` curv`, fhsærtal` ah ljs clfps ma l` llfhtarh`, fhtarh`, sua sualta lta ljs sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa y tfra ma l` làkp`r` b`cf` `d`oj.
4. Maslfca l` lfhtarh` b`cf` `tràs, suæltal` ma ljs rfalas, sàqual` mal vabëculj y
4. Maslfca 4. Maslfca l` lfhtarh` b`cf` `tràs, suæltal` ma ljs rfalas, sàqual` mal vabëculj y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkdf Kjmals (Ast`ta) (Ast`ta) =. @dr` =. @dr` al l` `laróh puart` `tr`sar` y ratfra ljs ma tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) qua suoat`h l` p`rta suparfjr l` puart`.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `laróh, mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (0) y l` k`hguar` (4) ma l` `r`hmal` l` vaht`h` tr`sar` y ratëraljs ma l` puart` tr`sar` (3 - tjrhflljs qua `sagur`hma l` sað`l ma lëha` `mfcfjh`l y al `laróh).
9. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh.
L@K^@T HQKATJ LQ_ TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Kjmaljs ma s`lóh s`lóh
0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra l` luz ma l` pl`c` ma k`trëcul` mal p`r`cbjquas tr`sarj (ijtj fzqufarm`) y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (ijtj maracb`). 4. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkdf Kjmals (Ast`ta) (Ast`ta) 3. @dr` 3. @dr` l` puart` tr`sar`, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` k`hfo` fhtarfjr. Tatfra al `ousta ah al djtóh fhtarfjr. Tatfra al gu`rhacfmj ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
=. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` làkp`r` (ijtj fzqufarm`) y ratfra l` làkp`r` ma l` puart` tr`sar` (ijtj maracb`). 1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @ousta ma ljs i`rjs
Al `ousta cjrractj ma ljs i`rjs as fkpjrt`h f kpjrt`hta ta p`r` l` sagurfm`m ma cjhmuccfóh. Al `ousta ax`ctj sjlj as pjsfdla cjh uh mfspjsftfvj aspacf`l. @htas @htas mal `ousta, sa madah cukplfr l`s sfgufahtas cjhmfcfjhas? L` prasfóh ma ljs haukàtfcjs Al cjcba mada ast`r - al c`rrj masc`rg`mj mada tahar uh` c`rg` ah al `sfahtj mal`htarj ma 71 eg (0 parsjh`).
mada
cukplfr cjkplat`kahta
l`
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Gfra 0. Gfra al `utjkóvfl v`rf`s vacas p`r` fhst`l`r cjrract`kahta ljs alakahtjs ma `kjrtfgu`cfóh ma l` suspahsfóh mal`htar` y tr`sar`.
hjrk`5 `lfkaht`mj5
4. Sf 4. Sf astà mfspjhfdla, ast`dlazc` al `ousta ma `tahu`cfóh ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs ah ">". Grupj ma fhstrukahtjs Maspag`hmj Maspag`hmj TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al vjl`hta. 3. Cjh 3. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, ratfra l` t`p` mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
=. Mas`tjrhflla =. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 3 tjrhflljs (astàh aspa aspacfifc`mjs cfifc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ifo`cfj ifo`cfjhas has ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh` suparpjsfcfóh macjr`tfv` ma uh` cjkdfh`cfóh ma mfspjsftfvjs.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra al `ousta mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs (ijtj fzqufarm`) y quëtalj (ijtj maracb`). 9. Mas`tjrhflla 9. Mas`tjrhflla ljs = tjrhflljs (astàh aspa aspacfifc`mjs cfifc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s) ifo`cfj ifo`cfjhas has ma uh` cjkdfh`cfóh ma mfspjsftfvjs.
7. Fhsarta 7. Fhsarta uh mastjrhfll`mjr ahtra l` p`rta suparfjr mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs y al t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs y maslfca al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs iuar` mal zóc`lj.
2. Mascjhacta 2. Mascjhacta ljs 4 cjhactjras alæctrfcjs ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs y ratfra al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs.
Fhst`l`cfjh Fhst`l`cfjh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjhacta 0. Cjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs `l grupj ma fhstrukahtjs, fhstàlaljs ah al t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs y `prfætaljs cjh tjrhflljs. 4. Fhst`la 4. Fhst`la l` kjlmur` mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs y `sagÿral` cjh tjrhflljs. 3. Cjhacta 3. Cjhacta l` d`tarë` y varfifqua al iuhcfjh`kfahtj mal grupj ma fhstrukahtjs. ^`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjh 0. Cjhmauhfhstrukahtjs. mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj cjkj p`l`hc`, ratfra l` p`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh mal p`hal
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` p`ht`ll` kultfiuhcfóh.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Ahcahmamjr ma cfg`rrflljs Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. @utjkóvflas cjh tr`hskfsfóh k`hu`l. k`hu`l. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cudfart` macjr`tfv` ma l` p`l`hc` ma c`kdfjs ma l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal ahcahmamjr ma cfg`rrflljs y maslfca al ahcahmamjr p`r` s`c`rlj mal ahcbuia. @utjkóvflas cjh tr`hskfsfóh `utjkàtfc`. `utjkàtfc`. =. Tatfra =. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l y ratfra al ahcahmamjr ma cfg`rrflljs mal ahcbuia.
1. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Taljoas Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`.
4. Cjh 4. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj y tahfahmj cufm`mj ma hj m`ð`r al raljo j al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs, ratfra al raljo mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs (ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma alljs (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sjhfmj ma pftfmj Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Cjcbas cjh djcfh` ma `fra `fra 0. L` 0. L` uhfm`m ma sað`l ma `fra (djcfh` y cjkprasjr) astà udfc`m` matràs mal `laróh mal`htarj fzqufarmj. 4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. 3. Mascjhacta 3. Mascjhacta uh` tjk` alæctrfc`, masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s ma l` ifo`cfóh mal dljqua ma uh` sað`l ma sjhfmj y ratëral`. @utjs cjh djcfh` alactrfc` alactrfc` =. L`s =. L`s sað`las ma sjhfmj astàh udfc`m`s matràs mal p`r`cbjquas mal`htarj ah ljs l`mjs fzqufarmj y maracbj. 1. Lav`hta 1. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh, kuav` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal ravastfkfahtj mal `rcj ma l` ruam` b`cf` uh l`mj y ratfra al gu`rm`d`rrjs ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal p`r`cbjquas. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al pftfmj. 7. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`dr lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s fs`s Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh
TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Ahcfahm` 0. Ahcfahm` al kjtjr mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s, luagj `pàgualj cu`hmj ljs capflljs vualv`h ` su pjsfcfóh jrfgfh`l. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` cudfart` ma plàstfcj ma l` d`sa mal dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s.
3. Lav`hta 3. Lav`hta al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s y, utflfz`hmj uh mastjrhfll`mjr gr`hma cjkj p`l`hc`, ratfra al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s mal aoa. Sf al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s sa ahcuahtr` kuy `prat`mj ah al aoa, p`r` ratfr`rlj mada us`r uh axtr`ctjr aspacf`l.
=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Kjtjr mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s y akpuoa Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s. 3. Mastjrhflla 3. Mastjrhflla l` tuarc` ma dljquaj.
=. Tatfra =. Tatfra l`s cudfart`s mal sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh ma plàstfcj fzqufarmj y maracbj ma l` d`sa mal p`r`drfs`s.
1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra ljs alakahtjs fzqufarmj y maracbj mal sfstak` ma vahtfl`cfóh ah l` p`rta
fhiarfjr mal p`r`drfs`s p`r` `ccamar `l kjtjr mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s.
9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj udfc`mj ah ljs c`dlas ma `lfkaht`cfóh mal kjtjr mal lfkpf`p`r`d lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s. rfs`s.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s y ljs parhjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ` l` fzqufarm`) mal kjht`oa mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s y ratfra al lfkpf`mjr (ijtj ` l` maracb`).
2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra l`s `lkjb`mfll`s `kjrtfgu`mjr`s ma gjk` mal lfkpf`mjr.
6. Sf 6. Sf as hacas`rfj, `hjta l` pjsfcfóh ral`tfv` mal aoa y l` dfal` mal kjtjr, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` (0) y ratfra al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s mal aoa mal kjtjr. Mastjrhflla ljs parhjs ma kjht`oa mal kjtjr (4) y ratfra al akpuoa.
0>. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s tr`sarj Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra al dr`zj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s. Kjmaljs ma s`lóh s`lóh 3. Mas`tjrhflla 3. Mas`tjrhflla uh` tuarc` ma uh aoa ma uh lfkpf`mjr ma p`ht`ll` y ratfra uh` `r`hmal` cjh uh `hfllj ma sall`mj ma gjk`. =. Masahcbuia =. Masahcbuia al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal k`latarj, masahrjsqua l`s tuarc`s y ratfra al lfkpf`mjr mal zóc`lj. 1. Tatfra 1. Tatfra l`s ouht`s y al `hfllj ma sall`mj mal aoa mal lfkpf`mjr. Cjkdf Kjmals (Ast`ta) (Ast`ta) 9. @dr` 9. @dr` l` puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` y ratfra l` kjlmur`.
7. Mas`tjrhflla 7. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) mal kjht`oa mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s, ratëral` mal zóc`lj y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al k`hguftj ma cahtr`mj mal lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s.
6. Tatfra 6. Tatfra l`s ouht`s y l` ouht` tórfc` ma gjk` ma l` puart` tr`sar`.
0>. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L`v`p`r`drfs`s Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J Mapósftj ma l` l`v`mjr` l`v`mjr`
0. Al t`hqua Al t`hqua ma l`v`mj mal p`r`drfs`s sa ahcuahtr` matràs mal gu`rm`d`rrjs mal`htarj maracbj. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr, ratfra l` t`p` ma llah`mj y masahrjsqua al cuallj ma llah`mj mal mapósftj ma l` l`v`mjr` (l` tuarc` qua `sagur` al cuallj sa fhmfc` kamf`hta l` ilacb`).
4. Lav`hta 4. Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al ravastfkfahtj mal `rcjmamalëqufmj l` ruam`. 3. Mraha 3. Mraha al mapósftj ratfr`hmj al t`póh ma gjk` ah l` d`sa mal mapósftj. Maspuæs ma l` iug` ma ilufmj mal t`hqua, fhst`la al t`póh ah su lug`r. =. @iljoa =. @iljoa l`s `dr`z`mar`s y mascjhacta l`s k`hguar`s (0) ma l` djkd` ma l` l`v`mjr`. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al ccjhactjr jhactjr alæctrfcj alæctrfcj (4) ma l` djkd` ma ll`` l`v`mjr` y al sahsjr ma hfval ma ilufmj.
1. Mas`tjrhflla 1. Mas`tjrhflla uh tjrhfllj (astà aspacfifc`mj pjr uh` ilacb`) ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma uh t`hqua y ratfra uh t`hqua.
@mvartahcf` @mvartahcf` Madfmj `l asp`cfj lfkft`mj p`r` masahrjsc`r al parhj ma kjht`oa mal t`hqua, puama sar hacas`rfj quft`r al i`rj. 9. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Djkd` ma l`v`mjr` l`v`mjr` 7. Mascjhacta 7. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` k`hguar` ma sukfhfstrj ma ilufmj ma l` djkd`. Ascurrfr al lëqufmj mal mapósftj. 2. Sap`ra 2. Sap`ra l` djkd` mal mapósftj y ratfra al `hfllj ma sall`mj.
6. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Fhst`la uh` huav` ouht` tórfc` ma l` djkd`. Sahsjr ma hfval ma lëqufmj ah al mapósftj ma l` l`v`mjr` 0>. 0>. Lav`hta Lav`hta l` p`rta mal`htar` mal `utjkóvfl y dljquæalj ah ljs sjpjrtas. Tatfra l` ruam` mal`htar` maracb`. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al ravastfkfahtj mal `rcj ma l` ruam`. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sahsjr ma hfval ah al mapósftj ma l` l`v`mjr` y ratfra al sahsjr mal mapósftj. Tatfra al `hfllj ma sall`mj. 04. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Fhst`la l` huav` ouht` tórfc` mal sahsjr. L`v`p`r`drfs`s L`v`p`r`drfs`s
03. 03. @dr` @dr` al c`pó y mascjha mascjhacta cta l`s k`hguar`s mal l`v`p`r`drfs`s. ^rasfjha ljs sjpjrtas y ratfra l` `r`hmal` ma l` c`kp`h`. 0=. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Cjkpruada l` mfraccfóh mal cbjrrj ma ilufmj sukfhfstr`mj pjr l` djqufll` ma l` l`v`mjr` `l p`r`drfs`s. L`v`mjr` ma puart` tr`sar` tr`sar` 01. 01. @dr` @dr` l` puart` tr`sar`, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra al spjflar ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` puart` tr`sar`. 09. 09. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma l` l`v`mjr` y ratëral` mal spjflar. 07. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L`v`mjr` ma i`rjs i`rjs 02. 02. Tatfra Tatfra al p`r`cbjquas mal`htarj. 06. 06. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma l` l`v`mjr`, masahrjsqua ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh y ratfra l` `r`hmal` mal i`rj mal p`r`cbjquas. 4>. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Astæraj mal cjcba Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Fhsarta 0. Fhsarta l` barr`kfa barr`kfaht` ht` aspacf`l ah ljs jrfifcfjs ma `kdjs l`mjs ma l` r`mfj p`r` lfdar`r sus sjpjrtas ma kjht`oa.
4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra l` uhfm`m ma l` r`hur` p`r` qua su p`ram pjstarfjr sa` vfsfdla. Mascjhacta ljs cjhactjras alæctrfcjs y al dus ma cjhaxfóh ` tfarr` (fhmfc`mj pjr ilacb`s) ma l` p`ram pjstarfjr ma l` r`mfj. Puft`r l` r`mfj
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @lt`vjcas Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh MFS^JSF]FYJS MA ^@HALAS MFHÀKFCJS MFHÀKFCJS JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, tahg` cufm`mj ma ratfr`r al `lt`vjz mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs.
4. Mascjhacta 4. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y ratfra al `lt`vjz. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. MFHÀKFC@ MA L@ ^QAT]@ MAL@H]AT@ MAL@H]AT@ JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J
0. Cjh 0. Cjh uh mastjrhfll`mjr malg`mj, tahfahmj cufm`mj, ratfra l` raofll` mal `lt`vjz ma l` puart`.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s), ratfra al `lt`vjz y mascjhacta ljs c`dlas.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. @L]@YJCAS ]T@SATJS ]T@SATJS AH CJCBAS SAM SAM@H @H (S@LJH (S@LJH)) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Masma 0. Masma al k`latarj, mas`tjrhflla al `hfllj ma ratahcfóh ma l` d`sa mal `lt`vjz.
4. Ah 4. Ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj ma p`s`oarjs, lav`hta al `lt`vjz p`r` s`c`rlj mal zóc`lj y mascjhacta ljs c`dlas. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. ^JHAH]AS ]T@SATJS AH CJKDV CJCBAS (AS]@MJ) TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J
0. @dr` 0. @dr` l` puart` tr`sar` y ratfra al djrma suparfjr mal d`stfmjr tr`sarj.
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s), ratfra al `lt`vjz y mascjhacta ljs c`dlas.
3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. L` `htah` Al
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0. ^`r` 0. ^`r` ratfr`r l` d`sa ma l` `htah`, ratfra l` cjhsjl` suparfjr, ratfra al c`daz`l `fsl`hta (ijtj fzqufarm`) y masahrjsqua l` tuarc` ma kjht`oa ma l` d`sa ma l` `htah` (fhmfc`m` pjr l` ilacb` ah l` ijtj ma l` maracb`). 4. Sap`ra 4. Sap`ra al c`dla ma l` d`sa ma l` `htah` y ratfra l` d`sa ma l` `htah` ma l` cudfart` mal `utjkóvfl. 3. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` ma cjhtrjl ma crucarj
Al sfstak` ma cjhtrjl ma crucarj as cjhtrjl`mj pjr uh v`cëj. Ljs alakahtjs prfhcfp`las mal sfstak` sjh? uh mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ), uh` djkd` ma v`cëj, uh` vàlvul` sjlahjfma, uh `ctu`mjr y uh c`dla. Al sfstak` sa cjhtrjl` kamf`hta uh fhtarrupt fhtarruptjr jr ah l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y ljs pam`las ma irahj y akdr`gua. Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J TAHMFKFAH]J Mfspjsftfvj ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj (ACQ) (ACQ)
0. L` 0. L` ACQ sa ahcuahtr` ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` gu`htar`. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 4. Tatfra 4. Tatfra ljs p`s`mjras ma pfvjta y ratfra l` t`p` ma l` gu`htar` mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Mastjrhflla al tjrhfllj y ratfra l` cudfart` mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs p`r` `ccamar ` l` ACQ. 3. Tatfra 3. Tatfra l`s t`p`s y l` cudfart` fhiarfjr mal p`hal mal p`s`oarj. =. Mascjhacta =. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj, mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa y ratfra l` ACQ ma l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Djkd` ma v`cëj v`cëj 1. L` djkd` L` djkd` ma v`cëj sa ahcuahtr` ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`. 9. Mascjhacta 9. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ma l` djkd`. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` djkd` mal sjpjrta. Yàlvul` sjlahjfma sjlahjfma 7. L` vàlvul` L` vàlvul` sjlahjfma astà udfc`m` ah al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` djkd` ma v`cëj. 2. Tatfra 2. Tatfra al ahcbuia hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`, ratfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj y l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj ma l` vàlvul` sjlahjfma. 6. Mastjrhflla 6. Mastjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs y ratfra l` vàlvul` alactrjk`ghætfc` ma uh dr`zj ah al cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. @ctu`mjr y c`dla c`dla 0>. 0>. Tatfra Tatfra al c`dla ma l` rótul` ma l` lav` mal `calar`mjr. Tatfra al sjpjrta y ratfra l` cudfart` mal c`dla mal sjpjrta. 00. 00. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta l` k`hguar` ma v`cëj mal `ctu`mjr, masahrjsqua l` tuarc` y ratfra al `ctu`mjr y al c`dla mal cjkp`rtfkfahtj mal kjtjr. 04. 04. Sf Sf as hacas`rfj, ratfra al sjpjrta ma kjht`oa ma l` cudfart` mal c`dla y sap`ra al c`dla mal `ctu`mjr. 03. L` fhst`l`cfóh L` fhst`l`cfóh sa ra`lfz` ah al jrmah fhvarsj ma alfkfh`cfóh. Sfstak` `htfrrjdj a fhkjvflfz`mjr mal kjtjr. @mvartahcf` Ast` fhijrk`cfóh sjlj sa `plfc` `l sfstak` `htfrrjdj fhst`l`mj pjr ^augajt cjkj aqufpj astàhm`r. Al sfstak` `htfrrjdj sa ahcfahma y `p`g` kamf`hta uh tr`hskfsjr ah kfhf`tur`. Maspuæs ma ahcahmar al sfstak`, al fhmfc`mjr udfc`mj ah l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l astà cjhst`htakahta ahcahmfmj. @makàs mal sfstak` `htfrrjdj, b`y uh fhkjvflfz`mjr qua fkpfma qua al vabëculj `rr`hqua. Al dljquaj ma ll`va fhst`l`mj ah al t`dlarj mal l`mj mal cjhmuctjr `p`g` al fhkjvflfz`mjr. L` làkp`r` fhmfc`mjr` mal fhkjvflfz`mjr astà udfc`m` ah l` p`rta cahtr`l mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtj fhstrukahtjs. s.
Sfstak` ma `l`rk` `htfrrjdj. @mvartahcf` Sf l`s puart`s mal `utjkóvfl astàh dljqua`m`s y masdljqua`m`s cjh uh` ll`va, al sfstak` `htfrrjdj hj `ctfv`rà uh` `l`rk`. Sf al tr`hskfsjr hj `p`g` al sfstak` mur`hta uh` `l`rk`, puama puama `p`g`rlj `p`g`rlj cjh l` tacl`. ^`r` allj, `dra l` puart` cjh l` ll`va y ahtr` ah al cjcba. L` `l`rk` sjh`rà cu`hmj l` puart` astæ `dfart`. Ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj y prasfjha al paquaðj djtóh ma `l`rk` udfc`mj ah l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. Ast`s `ccfjhas madah ra`lfz`rsa mahtrj ma ljs
0> saguhmjs pjstarfjras ` l` `partur` ma l` puart`. Al sfstak` `htfrrjdj tfaha fhtarruptjras ah al c`pó, l` puart` tr`sar` y l`s puart`s l`tar`las, `së cjkj sahsjras ma kjvfkfahtj mahtrj mal `utjkóvfl. ^`r` `p`g`r al sfstak` `htfrrjdj, `ctfva al ahcahmfmj y prasfjha al djtóh ah l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l mur`hta 4 saguhmjs, luagj l` luz ma `mvartahcf` `htfrrjdj sa ahcahmarà mur`hta 3 saguhmjs, lj qua fhmfc` qua astà `p`g`mj. ^`r` vjlvar ` b`dflft`r al sfstak` `htfrrjdj, ahcfæhm`lj cjh al tr`hskfsjr mal cjhtrjl rakjtj. Fhkjvflfz`mjr @mvartahcf` Hj jlvfma al cómfgj fhkjvflfz`mjr. Sf hj sa puama fhgras`r al cómfgj cjrractj, l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl alactróhfcj mal kjtjr tahmrà qua sar raakpl`z`m`. Al fhkjvflfz`mjr avft` qua al kjtjr `rr`hqua sf hj sa fhgras` uh cómfgj aspacf`l ah al p`hal ma cjhtrjl mal fhkjvflfz`mjr udfc`mj ah l` p`rta fhiarfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs ah al l`mj mal cjhmuctjr. Al cómfgj mal fhkjvflfz`mjr sa puama c`kdf`r cjkj sa masaa. Sf, cu`hmj sa ahcfahma al ahcahmfmj, al p`hal ma cjhtrjl mal fhkjvflfz`mjr sa flukfh` ah varma, al kjtjr sa puama `rr`hc`r sfh k`rc`r al cómfgj mal fhkjvflfz`mjr. Sf al p`hal ma cjhtrjl mal fhkjvflfz`mjr sa flukfh` cjh uh` luz rjo`, al kjtjr hj `rr`hc`rà y sjh`rà uh` `l`rk` cu`hmj sa ahcfahm`. Mascjhaxfóh ma l` d`tarë` d`tarë` @htas ma mascjhact`r l` d`tarë`, al sfstak` `htfrrjdj mada ast`r cjkplat`kahta `p`g`mj. Maspuæs ma cjhact`r l` d`tarë`, as hacas`rfj `ctfv`r al sfstak` `htfrrjdj kamf`hta al tr`hskfsjr mal cjhtrjl rakjtj. @sfahtj mal`htarj alactrfcj L` sustftucfóh ma l`s uhfm`mas alæctrfc`s mal `sfahtj mal`htarj madfmj ` l` cjkplaofm`m mada ra`lfz`rsa ah l` ast`cfóh ma sarvfcfj. Fhmapahmfahtakahta sjlj puama raakpl`z`r ljs fhtarruptjras ah al `sfahtj mal`htarj. Djls` ma `fra Mascjhact`r al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal `frd`g. `frd`g.
Ah ljs vabëculjs aqufp`mjs cjh uh` djls` ma `fra ah al l `mj mal cjhmuctjr, b`y l` p`l`dr` "@FTD@G" ah al cahtrj mal vjl`hta. Sf b`y uh` djls` ma `fra ah al l`mj mal p`s`oarj, l` p`l`dr` "@FTD@G" sa ahcuahtr` ah l` p`rta suparfjr mal p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. Al sfstak` ma sagurfm`m fhcluya uh` djls` ma `fra cjh gahar`mjras ma g`s, uh` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl cjh uh sahsjr ma cjlfsfóh y uh` làkp`r` ma `l`rk` ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. C`m` vaz qua sa ahcfahma al ahcahmfmj, al sfstak` sfs tak` ma sagurfm`m ra`lfz` uh` `utjpruad`. Sa llav` ` c`dj ah 9 saguhmjs. Ah asta kjkahtj, l` luz ma `l`rk` mal sfstak` sfs tak` ma sagurfm`m ah al grupj ma fhstrukahtjs astà ahcahmfm`. @htas ma ra`lfz`r cu`lqufar `ccfóh ah al sfstak` ma sagurfm`m, ratfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë` y aspara `l kahjs 4 kfhutjs. Tatfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj prfhcfp`l ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal sfstak` ma sagurfm`m. Maspuæs ma cjkplat`r al tr`d`oj, cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj uhfm`mmama a fhst`la l` cjhsjl`masma cahtr`l. Cjkpruada qua hj b`y` h`mfa mahtrj mal `utjkóvfl, cjhacta l` d`tarë` y ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj` `l`tr`væs l` sagurfm`m puart` `dfart` mal cjhmuctjr iuar` mal `utjkóvfl. @mvartahcf` L`
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Mascjhacta al cjht`ctj ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` djls` ma `fra cu`hmj ra`lfca tr`d`ojs ma sjlm`mur` alæctrfc` ah al `utjkóvfl. Cjkpjhahtas mal `frd`g Maskjht`oa a fhst`l`cfóh fhst`l`cfóh TAHMFKFAH]J JTMAH MA TAHMFKFAH]J 0. Tatfra 0. Tatfra al tarkfh`l hag`tfvj ma l` d`tarë`, aspara 4 kfhutjs y ratfra l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. Tatfra al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma sagurfm`m. @frd`g mal cjhmuctjr cjhmuctjr
4. Mas`tjrhflla 4. Mas`tjrhflla ljs 4 tjrhflljs ma kjht`oa mal `frd`g udfc`mjs ah l` p`rta pjstarfjr mal vjl`hta. Gfra al vjl`hta p`r` `ccamar ` ljs tjrhflljs. 3. Fhst`la 3. Fhst`la al vjl`hta p`r` fr ah lëha` ract` y ratfra l` djls` ma `fra. Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ma l` p`rta pjstarfjr ma l` djls` ma `fra.
=. ^`r` =. ^`r` fhst`l`r, cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj `l `frd`g, fhst`la al `frd`g ah al cahtrj mal vjl`hta y `sagÿralj cjh tjrhflljs, `pratàhmjljs cjh al tjrqua raquarfmj. Ah prfkar lug`r, `tjrhflla al tjrhfllj ma ifo`cfóh fzqufarmj.
1. Cjhacta 1. Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj ` l` l ` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl mal `frd`g a fhst`la l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 9. Yarfifqua 9. Yarfifqua qua hj b`y` h`mfa ah al `utjkóvfl y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. Gfra l` ll`va ah al ahcahmfmj ` tr`væs ma l` puart` `dfart` y cjkpruada al sfstak` ma sagurfm`m ma l` làkp`r` ma `mvartahcf`. Djls` ma `fra p`r` p`s`oarjs p`s`oarjs 7. Tatfra 7. Tatfra al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs. 2. Mas`tjrhflla 2. Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (astàh aspacfifc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) l`s ifo`cfjhas ma uh` `lkjb`m` ma sagurfm`m y sàqual` mal t`dlarj ma fhstrukahtjs.
6. Fhst`la 6. Fhst`la l` djls` ma `fra ah al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs y `sagÿral` cjh tuarc`s. 0>. 0>. Fhst`la Fhst`la al p`hal ma fhstrukahtjs y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. Qhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma `frd`g `frd`g
00. 00. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla l`s tuarc`s (astàh aspacfifc`m`s pjr l`s ilacb`s) y tjka al dljqua ma k`haoj ma uh cjoëh ma sagurfm`m mal `utjkóvfl.
04. 04. Fhst`la Fhst`la l` uhfm`m ma cjhtrjl ma l` djls` ma `fra ma kjmj qua l` ilacb` ah l` p`rta suparfjr ma l` uhfm`m `puhta b`cf` l` p`rta mal`htar` mal vabëculj. @sagura al dljqua cjh tuarc`s, `prat`hmj al p`r raquarfmj. 03. 03. Cjhacta Cjhacta al cjhactjr c jhactjr alæctr alæctrfcj fcj ` ll`` uhfm`m a fhst`la l` cjhsjl` cahtr`l. 0=. 0=. Yarfifqua Yarfifqua qua hj b`y` h`mfa ah al `utjkóvfl y cjhacta l` d`tarë`. Ahcfahm` al ahcahmfmj ` tr`væs ma l` puart` `dfart` y varfifqua al sfstak` ma sagurfm`m p`r` ahcahmar l` làkp`r` ma `mvartahcf` mal `frd`g. C`dla ma b`dflft`cfóh ma `frd`g `frd`g 01. 01. Tatfra Tatfra l` djls` ma `fra mal cjhmuctjr y ratfra al vjl`hta. Cjljc` l`s ruam`s mal`h mal`htar`s tar`s p`r` sagufr ractj. 09. 09. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs ma ifo`cfóh ma l` c`rc`s` fhiarfjr ma uh` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh y ratfra sus cudfart` c udfart`ss suparfjr a ffhiarfjr. hiarfjr.
07. 07. Mascjhacta Mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sfstak` ma cjhtrjl ma crucarj j c`kdfa l` r`mfj mal `utjkóvfl.
02. 02. ]r`ca ]r`ca al c`dla b`cf` `d`oj masma al cjht`ctj ma l` djls` ma `fra y mascjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj udfc`mj ah al c`dla.
06. 06. Mas`tjrhflla Mas`tjrhflla ljs tjrhflljs (fhmfc`mjs (fhmfc`mjs pjr l`s ilacb`s ah l` ijtj ma l` fzqufarm`) y ratfra al cjht`ctj ma l` p`rta suparfjr ma ll`` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh (ijtj ma l` maracb`). 4>. 4>. @htas @htasma ma`cuarmj l` fhst`l`cfóh, qua al cjht`ctj l` djls`ahmal``fra astæ fhst`l`mj cjh l`svarfifqua k`rc`s (fhmfc`m`s pjr l`smailacb`s) p`rta suparfjr mal cjht`ctj y qua l`s ruam`s mal`htar`s astæh cjhifgur`m`s p`r` `v`hz`r ah lëha` ract`.
40. 40. Fhst`la Fhst`la al cjht`ctj c jht`ctj mal `frd`g, varfifqua l` udfc`cfóh mal c`dla`mj y `sagura al cjht`ctj cjh ljs tjrhflljs. tjrhflljs. 44. 44. Cjhacta Cjhacta al cjhactjr c jhactjr alæctr alæctrfcj fcj mal c`dla `l cjht`ctj mal `frd`g. 43. 43. Cjhacta Cjhacta al cjhactjr alæctrfcj mal sfstak` ma cjhtrjl ma crucarj j ahcfahm` l` r`mfj mal `utjkóvfl a fhst`la l`s cudfart`s ah l` cjlukh` ma mfraccfóh. 4=. 4=. Fhst`la Fhst`la al vjl`hta y al `frd`g.
Sfstak`s ma `rr`hqua y c`rg`. Yahtfl`mjras mal r`mf`mjr
. Yahtfl`mjr mal r`mf`mjr, vahtfl` vahtfl`mjr mjr mal c`laht`mjr c`laht`mjr,, @DS
Lucas fhmfc`mjr`s y puhtarjs
Sfstak` ma gastfóh mal kjtjr K`ghatf K`rallf KK2^.
. Sfstak` ma gastfóh mal kjtjr Djscb K^1.0.0
I`rjs, lucas ma hÿkarj hÿkarj,, lucas ma irahj, djkdfll`s
Fhmfc`mjras ma gfrj y `l`rk`s, luz `htfhfadl`.
. Flukfh`cfóh fhtarfjr y ragul`cfóh ma i`rjs.
Lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s, Lfkpf`p`r`drfs` s, lfkpf`mjras / lfkpf`p`r`drfs`s mal`htarj y tr`sarj
Cjhtr`luz kàs lfgarj, c`lai`ccfóh mal `sfahtj, luhat` tr`sar` y aspaojs, tacbj sjl`r
. Sfstak` ma dljquaj mal kjtjr
Cfarra cahtr`lfz`mj y vaht`h`s alæctrfc`s mal`htar`s.
. Yaht`h`s alæctrfc`s mal`htar`s y tr`sar`s
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