Manual de Compostagem 1

 

Ehbuh` ma Jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh

 

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ABXQHMYHEAB]D CE[DY]ÉBJCH MD YAH[Y YAH[YD^AC]HEAB]D D^AC]HEAB]D MD @C_D DYGÉBCJD

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D XQA Ã H JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH4

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[DYXQA ZA NH\ JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH4 XQHCZ HZ ^HB]HGABZ4

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JDED ZA NH\ H JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH4 JDBZ]YQÇÊD MA QE JDE[DZ]DY AZJD@OH MD @DJH@ HMAXQHMD [YA[HYHY D JDE[DZ]DY EH]AYCHCZ XQA MA^AEDZ A BÊD MA^AEDZ JDE[DZ]HY JQCMHMDZ H ]AY

1 1 7 ? 3 8;

D JDE[DZ]D

88

H[@CJHÇÊD MD JDE[DZ]D

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[YDI@AEHZ, JHQZHZ A ZD@QÇÑAZ

89

 

Abquhmrheabtd CE[DY]ÉBJCH MD YAH[YD^AC]HEAB]D MD @C_D DYGÉBCJD Asta ehbuh` sdira Jdepdsthgae Mdeãstcjh sarjdepdsthgae. ueh narrheabth ma hpdcd phrh quae pratabma mhr ds prceacrds phssds bhpratabma tãjbcjh ma Basta ehbuh` hidrmhraeds< - Hs athphs bd prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae6 - H cepdrtébjch a vhbthgabs md usd ma ue jdepdstd drgébcjd6 - ]cpds ma jdepdstdras6 - Eatdmd`dgch ma hp`cjhçêd md jdepdstd bd sd`d6 - Astrhtãgchs phrh ecbceczhr ds prdi`aehs hssdjchmds ë jdepdsthgae< jhushs a sd`uçñas.

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

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D qua ã h jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh4 H jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh jdbscsta bue prdjassd icd`úgcjd htrhvãs md quh` ds ecjrdrghbcseds aa rastds dutrds ma paquabds cbvartairhmds, jded nd`ohs hs ecbodjhs, ehtãrch drgébcjh (jhsjhs nruths, odrth`cçhs a `agueas, varmas atrhbsndrehe sajhs, idrrhsh ma jhnã) bueh suistébjch saea`ohbta hd sd`d, ë quh` joheheds ma jdepdstd. ]rhth-sa ma ue axja`abta nartc`czhbta bhturh`, rcjd ae ecjrdbutrcabtas, shcs, ecbarhcs, hzdtd a jhridbd.

[drqua sa nhz jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh mdeãstcjh44

Hbuh`eabta, tdba`hmhs ma rasåmuds sú`cmds urihbds (YZQ), prdmuzcmds pa`h pdpu`hçêd, sêd mapdscthmds bds htarrds shbctèrcds. shbctèrcds . Zabmd asta ue mds ehcdras mash﬈ds heicabthcs axcstabtas ã bajassèrcd ndeabthr h`tarbhtcvhs qua ectcguae asth quastêd ae prd` ma ue masabvd`vceabtd ehcs sustabtèva`. H jdepdsthgae ã pdrthbtd ueh mhs sd`uçñas axcstabtas. Hd rahprdvacthreds ds rasåmuds drgébcjds mdeãstcjds, trhbsndrehbmd-ds ae jdepdstd nartc`czhbta, astheds h mcecbucr h quhbtcmhma ma rasåmuds phrh htarrd a h prdedvar ueh ea`odrch scgbc﬈jhtcvh scgbc ﬈jhtcvh md sd`d, nhvdrajabmd d masabvd`vceabtd ma p`hbths ae vhsds, ra`vhmds a lhrmcbs. Asth prètcjh lè jdeaçh h sar hp`cjhmh ae h`guehs asjd`hs, hssdjchçñas a phrtcju`hras, iae jded bh odrth jdeubctèrch a odrtds md jdbja`od ma Gucehrêas.

Yasåmuds sú`cmds urihbds (YZQ)

Xuhcs hs vhbthgabs4 - Ea`odrh h nartc`cmhma md sd`d, htrhvãs mh hmcçêd ma butrcabtas ma drcgae bhturh`6 - Ae sd`ds `avas du hrabdsds, prdpdrjcdbh ue hueabtd mh jhphjcmhma ma ratabçêd ma èguh bd sd`d a h mcspdbcic`cmhma mh easeh phrh hs p`hbths6 - [rdpdrjcdbh ue jrasjceabtd ehcs shumèva` mhs p`hbths6 - Ae sd`ds mcnåjacs ma trhih`ohr, jded pdr axaep`d ds hrgc`dsds, h hmcçêd ma ehtãrch drgébcjh quairh h rcgcmaz mds easeds, tdehbmd-ds ehcs sd`tds a pareaèvacs6 - Hlumh h avcthr mdabçhs bhs p`hbths6 -- Hueabth jhphjcmhma hisdrçêdama èguh md sd`d a mcspdbcic`czhçêd masth phrh hs p`hbths6 Zuistctuc hh utc`czhçêd mama oaricjcmhs pastcjcmhs6 - Ea`odrh h taxturh md sd`d.

= EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

 

Jded sa nhz jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh4 Hbtas ma pabshr ae hmqucrcr sau jdepdstdr, mava tar ae jdbscmarhçêd ds sagucbtas túpcjds< - Za mcspña ma ue paquabd asphçd axtarcdr (lhrmce du vhrhbmh)6 - Za d asphçdbhã ãpdjh prdtagcmd md vabtd a tae ue absdeirheabtd taeparhturhs md varêd a maehschmd ihcxhs bd cbvarbd6 eãmcd, phrh avcthr a`avhmhs - Za axcsta nèjc` hjassd ë èguh phrh raghr, saepra qua bajassèrcd.

Jded jdbstrucr ue jdepdstdr4 Bd jhsd ma dpthr pa`h jdbstruçêd md sau jdepdstdr ae vaz mh jdeprh sêd vèrcds ds axaep`ds qua pdmarè asjd`oar a hmhpthr hd sau gdstd. ]dmhvch, axcstae jucmhmds qua mava hjhuta`hr< - D jdepdstdr mava sar saepra parnurhmd ma edmd h ohvar jdbthjtd mcratd abtra d cbtarcdr md jdepdstd a d sd`d6 - Mava asthr rasguhrmhmd mhs jouvhs cbtabshs, phrh ghrhbtcr h sdiravcvìbjch mds majdepdsctdras. Hjdbsa`oh-sa h jd`djhçêd ma ueh ta`h ma p`èstcjd, cepareaèva`, qua mavarè sar jd`djhmh ae jceh md jdepdstd murhbta h ãpdjh mhs jouvhs6 - Mava hssagurh-sa h prdxcecmhma ma ueh èrah phrh mapúsctd ma nd`ohs, phus a tarrh phrh cr hssagurhbmd hs jhehmhs.

Zugastñas ma jdepdstdras qua pdmarè jdbstrucr JDE[DZ]DY AE [C@OH

JDE[DZ]DY IQYHJD BH ]AYYH

Asjhva ue iurhjd bh tarrh jde hprdxcehmheabta >; je ma mcéeatrd a 91/=; je ma prdnubmcmhma. Macta ds rasåmuds icdmagrhmèvacs, thphbmd-ds jde ueh jhehmh ma tarrh du nd`ohs sajhs. Yapcth d prdjamceabtd saepra qua mapdscthr bdvds rasåmuds icdmagrhmèvacs.

Nhçh ue iurhjd bh tarrh jde mcéeatrd ma >; je a jde ueh prdnubmcmhma ma 91 h =; je.

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

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JDE[DZ]DY MA YAMA Jdepdstdr ma nhjc` ehbcpu`hçêd. Qtc`cza : e ma rama ma jarjh, jde 7;/3; je ma h`turh a abrd`a h rama euctd iae, ma ndreh h lubthr hs axtraecmhmas. Abjoh d jdepdstdr jde ds rasåmuds ras åmuds hcbmh bêd majdepdstds.

JDE[DZ]DY MA [H@A]AZ MA EHMACYH Jdepdstdr ehcs astãtcjd, jde rajursd ma tèiuhs ma ehmacrh. Jdbstruh ue jhcxh jde = ph`atas ma ehmacrh, ubcbmd : ma`hs jde hrhea du ehtarch` ma ircjd`hga, jded pragds du phrhnusds. H quhrth ph`ata tarè h nubçêd nu bçêd ma pdrth, pdcs parectcrè d hjassd hd cbtarcdr md jdepdstdr, ma ndreh h jdbtrd`hr d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae a ma ratcrhr d jdepdstd ﬈bh`czhmd.

JDE[DZ]DY MA EHMACYH [dma jdbstrucr d sau jdepdstdr ae ndreh ma jhcxh, jde quhtrd phcbãcs quhmrhmds ma ?1 je a ue phcba` ma ?3 je qua sarvcrè ma theph. Jde h hlumh ma ehtarch` ma ircjd`hga, ubh ds quhtrd phcbãcs ma ?1 je, ma ndreh h jrchr ueh jhcxh. [dr ﬈e,  lubta h theph, ﬈xhbmd ue mds `hmds, phrh qua pdssh hircr a najohr h jhcxh ma ehmacrh saepra qua bajassèrcd.

JDE[DZ]DY MA ]CLD@DZ Jded d bdea cbmcjh, asta jdepdsctdr ã nactd h phrtcr ma tcld`ds, ubcmds pdr jceabtd. Zêd utc`czhmhs hpabhs : phramas, macxhbmd ue asphçd ae hiartd qua sarvcrè ma abtrhmh. [dmarè sar mhs mceabsñas qua pratabmar a tar 9 du : jdepdstdras `hmd h `hmd, ma edmd qua, quhbmd prajcshr ma raedvar h pc`oh, salh pdssåva` edvar ds rasåmuds ma ue `hmd phrh d dutrd, raedvabmd hssce d ehtarch` majdepdstd, qua sa abjdbtrhrè bd nubmd mh pc`oh. Ehs phrh qua cssd salh pdssåva`, ã cepdrthbta qua taboh ae htabçêd qua mavarè hssagurhr saepra ue eúmu`d vhzcd.

JDE[DZ]DY JDB]AB]DY Qsa ue jdbtabtdr ma p`èstcjd du eath` qua sarvcrè ma jdepdstdr. Ã suh prètcjd a prajcshrè ma ue asphçd ramuzcmd phrh d tar ae jhsh.

>

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

 

Dutrds jdepdstdras qua pdma jdbstrucr Jdepdstdr ma jastd ma vcea, jdepdstdr ma jhbhs du trdbjds, jdepdstdr ma nhrmds ma ph`oh du hcbmh jdepdstdr ma jarjh ma lhrmce, jdbndrea sa maedbstrh bh ﬈gurh hihcxd.

H asjd`oh md `djh` D jdepdstdr mava sar jd`djhmd bue `djh` ma nèjc` hjassd a jde pdujd maj`cva, mcratheabta sdira h tarrh, d qua nhjc`cthrè h abtrhmh mds majdepdsctdras a ueh idh mrabhgae mh èguh. Mava sar prcvc`agchmd ue `djh` jde absdeirheabtd eãmcd phrh hssagurh ueh dtceczhçêd tãrecjh bd cbtarcdr md jdepdstdr. Bêd sa asquaçh qua pdmarè bajasscthr baj asscthr ma ue asphçd as phçd bh abvd`vabta phrh d mapúsctd ma rheds ma èrvdras a nd`ohs, phrh prdjamar ë jdiarturh mds rasåmuds.

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

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Jded praphrhr ue jdepdstdr [HZZD 8

8¼ jhehmh ‚ Ds jhsthbods Jdeaja pdr ravastcr d nubmd md jdepdstdr jde pdstdr,, hprdxcehmheabta 9; je, jde ehtarch` ehtar ch` sajd (ds johehmds jhsthbods), jded rheds ma èrvdras, gh`ods, nd`ohs sajhs du ph`oh. Asta prceacrd phssd ã euctd cepdrthbta pdcs parecta d hralheabtd, cepamcbmd h djdrrìbjch ma jdephjthçêd mds rasåmuds a parecta h asjdrrìbjch ma èguh. [HZZD 9

9¼ jhehmh ‚ Ds varmas Ae sagucmh, pd`vc`oa jde tarrh a hmcjcdba, pdr jceh, ehtarch` varma md sau lhrmce a rastds ma jdecmh jdrthmds (ds johehmds varmas), hssce tarè ecjrdrghbcseds su﬈jcabtas phrh cbcjchr d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae. [HZZD :<

:¼ jhehmh ‚ Yandrçd Jhsthbods + Yagh Hmcjcdba, bdvheabta, ehtarch` sajd a ﬈bh`cza raghbmd jde pdujh èguh, hpabhs phrh ehbtar d tadr ma ouecmhma hmaquhmd. Macxa h bhturazh sagucr d sau jursd. [HZZD =

Ehbutabçêd - Hmcçêd ma bdvds rasåmuds a hralheabtd Nuturheabta, saepra qua jd`djhr bdvds rasåmuds drgébcjds, ecstura saepra d jdbtaümd, jdbtaü md, du ravd`vh pa`d eabds ueh vaz pdr saehbh.. Yapcth d prdjassd htã abjoar h tdth`cmhma md jdepdstdr.

MCJH

H jhmh jhehmh ma rasåmuds mava sagucr-sa saepra ueh jhehmh ma ehtarch` mcecbucr ds prdi`aehs ma dmdras a prd`cnarhçêd ma cbsatds a sajd, dutrdsphrh hbcehcs cbmasalhmds.

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EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

 

Ehtarchcs qua mavaeds mavaeds a bêd mavaeds jdepdsthr Hbtas ma jdeaçhr h jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh ã nubmheabth` shiar quhcs sêd ds ehtarchcs qua mavae du bêd sar jdepdsthmds. Yasåmuds h jdepdsthr

]dmds ds ehtarchcs bhturhcs prdvabcabtas md lhrmce du qucbth` a mh jdzcboh mh suh jhsh mabdecbhmds, raspatcvheabta, pdr rasåmuds jhsthbods a rasåmuds varmas a vhrche ma hjdrmd jde d sau tadr ma ouecmhma a prdpdrçêd ma butrcabtas. Ds jhsthbods sêd ehcdrcthrcheabta sajds a rcjds ae jhridbd, abquhbtd qua ds varmas sêd rasåmuds ehcs oüecmds a rcjds ae hzdtd.

Cepdrthbta Yasåmuds jhsthbods

Yasåmuds varmas

- Nd`ohs sajhs mhs èrvdras - Jhsjhs ma ihthth - Yastds ma ra`vh jdrthmh sajh - [h`oh du nabd - Yastds ma nrutds sajds - Yasåmuds ma jdrtas a ma pdmhs - Hphrhs ma ehmacrh

- Nd`ohs varmas a hphrhs ma ra`vh nrasjhs - Arvhs mhbcbohs sae saeabtas - Yastds ma vagathcs jrus a nruths/ odrth`cçhs - [êd a jarahcs - Hrrdz a ehssh - Yastds ma p`hbths (sae mdabçhs bae pastcjcmhs)

-- Zarrhmurh Guhrmhbhpds a dutrds phpãcs bêd p`hstc﬈jhmds - Hgu`ohs ma pcboacrd

-- Idrrhs shjds ma joè Jhsjhsma majhnã dvdsa(asehghmhs) - N`dras

H prdpdrçêd h jd`djhr bd jdepdstdr mavarè sar saepra< 9 pdrçñas ma jhsthbods phrh 8 varma

Yasåmuds prdcicmds

Mavaeds tar aspajch` htabçêd hds ds ehtarchcs qua bêd pdmae sar hp`cjhmds bh jdepdsthgae, pdr cbvchic`czhrae, jdbthecbhrae a/du jhushrae ehus dmdras, iae jded htrhårae hbcehcs cbmasalèvacs (rhtds a cbsatds), sêd a`as<

Yasåmuds prdcicmds

- Yastds ma jdecmh jdzcbohmh jde gdrmurh du ed`ods6 - Ehtarchcs mc﬈jc`eabta jdepdstèvacs (dssds ma jhrba du aspcbohs ma pacxa)6 - Jctrcbds6 - @htcjåbcds a marcvhmds (quacld a ehbtacgh)6 - Ú`ads6 - Yastds ma p`hbths qua jdbtabohe pastcjcmhs a/ du oaricjcmhs6 - Jcbzhs ma jhrvêd6

- [dbths ma jcghrrd6 - Eamcjheabtds a dutrds prdmutds quåecjds6 - Jdrtcçh6 - [`hbths jde saeabtas6 - [`hbths mdabtas du cbnasthmhs ma cbsatds6 - Axjraeabtd ma hbcehcs6 - Ehmacrhs trhthmhs qucecjheabta6 - Yasåmuds bêd icdmagrhmèvacs (vcmrd, eath`, p`èstcjd, pc`ohs, tcbths, tìxtacs).

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

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Jucmhmds h tar H jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh ã ue prdjassd euctd scep`as ma rah`czhr, pdrãe axcga h`gubs jucmhmds phrh qua sa pdssh h`jhbçhr idbs rasu`thmds, jded pdr axaep`d< - Dpthr pdr utc`czhr rasåmuds ma ramuzcmhs mceabsñas6 - Ehbtar d båva` útced ma ouecmhma6 - Yaeaxar saehbh`eabta h pc`oh ma rasåmuds. Jde astas jucmhmds d sau jdepdstd asthrè prdbtd bue parådmd ma 9 h : easas.

 H]ABÇÊD<  H]ABÇÊ D< Za ds rasåmuds ndrae hmcjcdbhmds scstaehtcjheabta `avhrè ehcs h`gue taepd h tar d sau jdepdstd - abtra : h > easas.

Mcsjhs phrh dtceczhr d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae ^cscta jde ragu`hrcmhma d jdepdstdr, pdcs axcstae nhtdras ma axtraeh cepdrtébjch qua cb﬉uabjche d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae< Hralheabtd

D hralheabtd ã euctd cepdrthbta, pdcs ds ecjrdrghbcseds ec jrdrghbcseds bajasscthe ma dxcgãbcd phrh majdepdrae h ehtãrch drgébcjh, du salh, d jdepdstdr mava tar idhs jdbmcçñas ma hralheabtd qua parecth trdjhs ghsdshs abtra h htedsnarh a d cbtarcdr md jdepdstdr. Jhsd d båva` ma dxcgãbcd salh cbsu﬈jcabta, d prdjassd ma majdepdscçêd mds rasåmuds sarè ehcs `abtd a d jdepdstdr tarè ehus joacrds. Zd`uçêd phrh hlumhr bd hralheabtd<

à nubmheabth` d ravd`vceabtd mds ehtarchcs ueh h muhs vazas pdr saehbh.

]aeparhturh

H taeparhturh ã dutd nhtdr h jdbscmarhr basta prdjassd, pdcs phrh sa tar sujassd, asth mava asthr abtra ds >; h 7;» J. Za, pdrvabturh, oduvar vhrchçêd massas `cectas, pdmarè rasu`thr bh quaceh du hpdmrajceabtd mds ehtarchcs, macxhbmd ma asthr ghrhbtcmd d sau vh`dr butrctcvd phrh hs p`hbths. Zd`uçêd phrh jdbtrd`hr h taeparhturh<

Jd`dqua ue tareúeatrd bd cbtarcdr md jdepdstdr jdepdstdr.. Jdbtrd`a h taeparhtu taeparhturh. rh. D jh`dr qua suiscsta bd cbtarcdr md jdepdstdr ã prdvabcabta mh htcvcmhma ecjrdichbh axcstabta a bêd hpabhs mh axpdscçêd sd`hr. Xuhbtd ehcs quabta ndr h taeparhturh (abtra ds `cectas ma >; h 7;» J), ehcdr ã d trhih`od qua asthrè h sar rah`czhmd pa`ds ecjrdrghbcseds ecjrdrghbcseds bh majdepdscçêd mds ehtarchcs. Ouecmhma

H ouecmhma ã nubmheabth` bd prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae, pdcs ã jde h prasabçh ma ouecmhma qua ds ecjrdrghbcseds sa edvceabthe phrh majdepdrae ds rasåmuds. Bd jhsd ma ohvar axjassd ma ouecmhma, h èguh najoh d asphçd pdrdsd abtra hs phrtåju`hs, d qua jdep`cjh, a euctd, h jcrju`hçêd md hr a hnath h sdiravcvìbjch mds ecjrdrghbcseds. Zd`uçêd phrh jdbtrd`hr h ouecmhma<

[hrh shiar sa h pc`oh tae èguh su﬈jcabta, jde h eêd, aspraeh ue pdujd md ehtarch` bd jdepdstd. Jhsd pcbgua, scgbc﬈jh qua axcsta maehschmh ouecmhma pa`d qua ã bajassèrcd hmcjcdbhr jhsthbods a ravcrhr ds ehtarchcs. [dr dutrd `hmd, sa d jdepdstd bêd pcbghr ã ide scbh`, pdcs h pc`oh abjdbtrh-sa sajh a lè sa pdma cbsarcr ehcs varmas pdr jceh, raghr a ravcrhr ds ehtarchcs. 8;

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

 

D jdepdstd Za tumd ndr axajuthmd jdrratheabta, bue parådmd ma 9 h : easas, ds rasåmuds drgébcjds asthrêd trhbsndrehmds ae jdepdstd. Asta mavarè hprasabthr ue hspatd odedgãbad, jde jdr hjhsthbohmh a joacrd h tarrh oüecmh a asthrè prdbtd h sar utc`czhmd jded nartc`czhbta.

Hp`cjhçêd md jdepdstd [hssd 8 - Jrcvhgae

Xuhbmd d jdepdstd astcvar prdbtd, ratcra-d jde d usd ma ue jrcvd phrh d saphrhr md ehtarch` hcbmh bêd magrhmhmd. D ehtarch` qua ﬈jhr ratcmd pdma sar mavd`vcmd hd jdepdstdr phrh jdbtcbuhr d sau prdjassd ma majdepdscçêd. [hssd 9- Yapdusd

Hbtas ma hp`cjhr d jdepdstd rajd`ocmd mava macxè-`d rapdushr bue såtcd rasguhrmhmd md sd` a mh jouvh, pdr ue parådmd abtra muhs h trìs saehbhs. Garh`eabta d jdepdstd ã utc`czhmd ueh vaz pdr hbd, murhbta h ãpdjh mhs saeabtacrhs, bh prcehvarh du bd dutdbd, ehs pdma saepra hrehzabè-`d bue rajcpcabta iae najohmd phrh ushr bds saus vhsds saepra qua bajasscthr. [hssd : - Ehbusaheabtd

Axcstae ehbacrhs mcnarabtas ma ehbusahr d jdepdstd bd sd`d< 8- Bd jhsd ma mcspdr ma ueh grhbma quhbtcmhma mava asph`ohr d jdepdstd ae jhehmhs ma 8 h 9 je ma aspassurh aspassu rh ecsturhbmd jde d sd`d, sae d abtarrhr du pdma mcsscpè-`d ae jhehmhs ma 9 je ae tdrbd mhs èrvdras, sae d ecsturhr jde d sd`d6 9- Za mcspusar ma ueh paquabh quhbtcmhma, ihsth asph`oè-`d a sph`oè-`d pdr jceh mh tarrh dbma pratabma saeahr6 :- Jhsd quacrh utc`czè-`d ae vhsds, tdea tde a ae htabçêd ae ecsturhr saepra s aepra 8/: md jdepdstd jde 8/: ma tarrh a 8/: ma hrach.

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

88

 

[rdi`aehs, jhushs a sd`uçñas Murhbta d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh ã bdreh` surgcrae h`gubs prdi`aehs. Ã pdcs nubmheabth` jdepraabmareds hs pdssåvacs jhushs a htuhreds. Macxheds h`guehs mcjhs a/du sd`uçñas phrh jhmh prdi`aeh ehcs jdeue.

Jhushs prdvèvacs

Zd`uçñas

Joacrd h pdmra

- Axjasscvh ouecmhma - Eucth jdephjthçêd - Maehschmds ehtarchcs varmas

- Yavcrhr h pc`oh ragu`hreabta - Ecstura ds ehtarchcs - Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs jhsthbods

[rdjassd euctd `abtd

- Maehschmds ehtarchcs jhsthbods

- Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs varmas a èguh

]aeparhturhs euctd h`ths

- Euctd ehtarch` bd jdepdstdr - Hralheabtd du ouecmhma cbsu﬈jcabtas - Nh`th ma varmas

- Yatcrhr h`gubs ehtarchcs - Yavcrhr h pc`oh ragu`hreabta a/du hueabta du mcecbuh h quhbtcmhma md jdepdstd - Hmcjcdbhr varmas

]aeparhturhs euctd ihcxhs

- [dujd ehtarch` bd jdepdstdr - Ouecmhma cbsu﬈jcabta - Hralheabtd cbsu﬈jcabta - J`ceh nrcd - Nh`th ma ehtarchcs varmas

- Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs varmas a jhsthbods - Hmcjcdbhr èguh quhbmd ravcrhr h pc`oh - Yavcrhr pc`oh ragu`hreabta - Hueabthr d thehbod md jdepdstd du csd`a-d jde ue ehtarch` jded, pdr axaep`d, ph`oh - Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs varmas

Jdepdstd maehschmd

- Axjassd ma èguh - Nh`th ma hr

- Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs jhsthbods - Yavcrhr h pc`oh ragu`hreabta

Joacrd h heúbcd

- Ouecmhma axjasscvh a/du jdephjthçêd

- Hmcjcdbhr ehtarchcs jhsthbods a ravcrhr h pc`oh ragu`hreab ragu`hreabta ta

[rhghs

- Yastds ma jdecmh jdzcbohmh jde gdrmurhs, jhrba a pacxa

- Yaedvar assa tcpd ma h`ceabtds a jdircr jde ueh jhehmh ma sd`d, nd`ohs du sarrhmurh, du ravcra ds ehtarchcs phrh hueabthr h taeparhturh. Za oduvar prasabçh ma ndrecghs, scgbc﬈jh qua d jdepdstd astè euctd sajd

oüecmd

 H`gubs truquas<

8- Bd edeabtd ae qua ravcrhr d ehtarch` md jdepdstd, juirh-d saepra jde ehtarch` sajd6 9- [hrh hja`arhr d prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae, raeaxh h pc`oh ehcs vazas a jdrta ae paquabds idjhmds ds rasåmuds ma jdzcboh6 :- Abshqua hs nd`ohs mhs èrvdras, murhbta d dutdbd, guhrmhbmd-hs bue `djh` sajd, phrh sarae utc`czhmhs ehcs thrma bd prdjassd ma jdepdsthgae. 89

EHBQH@ MA JDE[DZ]HGAE MDEÃZ]CJH

 

Hgdrh qua lè shia tumd sdira jdepdsthgae mdeãstcjh ã h suh vaz ma axparceabthr. Eêds ë dirh! - [dr ue p`hbath jde eabds rasåmuds!