Manchas Foliares

March 3, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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QDKUA_XKLBL LA XBD HB_CJX LA FQB\A@BCB EBHQC\BL LA BF_JDJ@ÀB XQOÂ_AB LA ^_J\AHHKØD UAFA\BC Lr. ALKD J_JWHJ @K_BDLB

ADEA_@ALBLAX LADJ@KDBLBX LADJ@KDBLBX @BDHMBX EJCKB_AX [ BD\_BHDJXKX K. KD\_JLQHHKØD  Du`arjsjs pbtøfadjs sjd raspjdsbocas raspjdsbocas la adear`alblas ladj`kdblbs `bdhmbs ejckbras y bdtrbhdjsks. Qdb `bdhmb ejckbr, as udb caskød qua sa ck`ktb pjr sk `ks`b sjora cb mjgb y as eâhkc`adta parhaptkoca. Cbs `bdhmbs ejckbras pualad tadar lkearadta ejr`btj y hjd hbrbhtaràstkhbs aspahàekhbs qua byulbd b kladtkekhbr ac pbtøfadj qua cbs jhbskjdb. ^jr jtrj cblj, sa ladj`kdb hj`j bdtrbhdjsks b cbs adear`alblas hbrbhtarkzblbs pjr caskjdas dahrøtkhbs y mudlklbs hjd ud hjdtjrdj ckfarb`adta sbckadta. Xjd boudlbdtas a k`pjrtbdtas ad vbrkjs huctkvjs y `uhmjs erutjs ad Fubta`bcb. Cb k`pjrtbdhkb la astbs adear`alblas as qua pualad jhbskjdbr laejckbhkød prahjz, ck`ktbd ac hrahk`kadtj la ørfbdjs hj`j erutjs j sa`kccbs,  prjpkhkbd hbàlb la ecjras y erutjs. Cbs pcbdtbs pualad `jrkr, hubdlj sjd btbhblbs la `bdarb savarb ad cjs astblkjs kdkhkbcas la hrahk`kadtj.

KK. JOGA\KUJX   Bpradlar b lkearadhkbr cjs sàdtj`bs hjdjhkljs hj`j `bdhmbs ejckbras y bdtrbhdjsks b  pbrtkr la `btarkbc vafatbc vafatbc adear`j la huctkvjs huctkvjs la k`pjrtbdh k`pjrtbdhkb kb ad Fubta`bcb. 

 



Astulkbr cjs skfdjs la pbtøfadjs prasadtas ad pcbdtbs hjd sàdtj`bs la `bdhmbs ejckbras y bdtrbhdjsks.

KKK. @B_HJ HJDHA^\QBC BD\_BHDJXKX Xa hjdjha bsà b cbs adear`alblas hbrbhtarkzblbs pjr caskjdas dahrøtkhbs y mudlklbs hjd ud hjdtjrdj ckfarb`adta sbckadta. ^ualad sar josarvblbs ad tbccjs, ecjras, erutjs y mjgbs. Xjd hbusblbs pjr bcfudjs mjdfjs partadahkadtas b Bshj`yhjtb y bdb`ørekhjs ladtrj la Hjacj`yhatas. Cbs caskjdas ad mjgbs pualad sar laejr`as y cjs hadtrjs pualad bfrkatbrsa y laspradlarsa. Adhk`b la cb dahrjsks dahrjsks sa pua puala la josarvbr cbs astruh astruhturbs turbs la raprjluhhkød llac ac pbtøfadj. Ad  pahkjcjs y tbccjs, cbs caskjdas sjd suparekhkbcas, bcbrfblbs y jshurbs. Ad erutjs, sa josarvbd caskjdas hjd ârabs hkrhucbras, mudlklbs, ad tka`pj m÷`alj, sa tjrdbd dafrbs y sa huorad hjd `bsbs la aspjrbs. sjd mjfdjs Bshj`yhatas qua jhbskjdbd lkhmj sàdtj`b. Astbljs bdb`ørekhjs la bcfudbs aspahkas prjluhad hjdklkjs ad pkhdklkjs j bhërvucjs. ^jr aga`pcj7 Hjccatjtrkhmu` as ac astblj bdb`ørekhj la Fcj`araccb, ud mjdfj qua pbrbsktb vbrkjs huctkvjs hj`j erkgjc, pbpbyb, hbeë, huhuroktâhabs, adtra jtrjs y jhbskjdb bdtrbhdjsks ad huctkvjs la

Fcj`araccb y Lkpcjhbrpjd

k`pjrtbdhkb ahjdø`khb ad Fubta`bcb. Astarahjcahtblbs pbtøfadj la sjoravkva ad rastjsXus la hjdklkjs pcbdtbs kdeahtblbs, puala sar trbdspjrtblj ad sa`kccbs erutjs kdeahtbljs. 2<

 

 

sjd lksparsbljs pjr ac vkadtj, sbcpkqua pjr ccuvkb, adtra jtrjs. Ac tka`pj mm÷`alj ÷`alj y ccuvkjsj as asadhkbc pbrb cb kdeahhkød. Ad erutjs beahtbljs hj`j pbpbyb, obdbdj, pcâtbdj y `bdfj, cb kdeahhkød jhurra ad ac hb`pj hubdlj cjs erutjs astâd varlas parj ac sàdtj`b la bdtrbhdjsks sa josarvb hubdlj cjs erutjs `blurbd. Ad ac hublrj 2 sa prasadtb udb ckstb hjd ac dj`ora la  pbtøfadj y adear`albl adear`albl qua jh jhbskjdb. bskjdb.

Hublrj 2. Aga`pcjs la adear`alblas tkpj bdtrbhdjsks, ebsa tacaj`ørekhb. 2. Fcj`araccb hkdfucbtb  F. fjssypkk  F. fcyhkdas ?. Lkpcjhbrpjd sp., L. rjsba

^ulrkhkød b`brfb la cb `bdzbdb, pulrkhkød `blurb la cb vkl y erutjs. Bdtrbhdjsks la cb oaccjtb lac bcfjlød. Bdtrbhdjsks la cb sjyb @bdhmb dafrb lac rjsbc, erasb, erb`ouasb.

Hjdtkdubhkød Hublrj 2, aga`pcjs la adear`alblas tkpj bdtrbhdjsks, ebsa bdb`ørekhb. 2.- Hjccatjtrkhmu` H. fcjajspjrkjklas Bdtrbhdjsks lac hbeë H. ibmbwba suosp. ibmbwba  HOL, bdtrbhdjsks lac hbeë ad Âerkhb, dj racbtblb ad Cbtkdjb`ërkhb H . ebchbtu`  Bdtrbhdjsks la cb hbòb la bz÷hbr H . frb`kdkhjcb  Bdtrbhdjsks la harabcas y pbstjs H . cbfadbrku` 0 H. jrokhucbra H . fcjajspjrkjklas  H. ckdla`utmkbdu`  H. erbfbrkba H. parsaba H. `usba Hjccatjtrkhmu` spp. ?.- @brssjdkdb spp.

Bdtrbhdjsks ad huhuroktâhabs Bdtrbhdjsks ad hàtrkhjs, pbpbyb, `bdfj, jtrjs Bdtrbhdjsks lac erkgjc Bdtrbhdjsks la erasb Bdtrbhdjsks lac erutj lac bfubhbta Bdtrbhdjsks lac erutj lac obdbdj Bdtrbhdjsks ad muca, mjrtbckzbs, tj`bta Bdtrbhdjsks ad sbuha, rjsbc

@BDHMBX EJCKB_AX Xjd sàdtj`bs eâhkc`adta vkskocas, skd a`obrfj ac bfadta hbusbc dj ska`pra puala sar kladtkekhblj la kd`alkbtj. Ac lasbrrjccj y ac tkpj la cb `bdhmb pualad vbrkbr obstbdta ad eudhkød la cb dbturbcazb lac bfadta hbusbc, la cb sushaptkokcklbl lac mjspalarj y la cjs ebhtjras b`okadtbcas. Hjrraspjdlad b ârabs dahrjsblbs la cb mjgb y as ac sàdtj`b `âs erahuadta sjora ac ejccbga. Fadarbc`adta, cb dahrjsks beahtb b`obs hbrbs la cb mjgb, parj suaca sar `âs djtjrkb ad udb la accbs. Cbs `bdhmbs ejckbras kdlapadlkadta lac bfadta hbusbc, pualad prasadtbr vbrkblbs ejr`bs, lk`adskjdas y hjcjras. Ad racbhkød b cb ejr`b, sjd fadarbc`adta aseërkhbs, jvbcblbs, euskejr`as, adtra jtrbs. Ac tb`bòj la cbs caskjdas tkadla b `bdtadarsa adtra hkartjs kdtarvbcjs  pbrb hblb adear`albl, vbràbd lasla pudtubhkjdas mbstb bcfudjs hadtà`atrjs. Ac hjcjr as udb hbrbhtaràstkhb vbrkboca, fadarbc`adta prasadtbd tjdjs la hjcjr `brrød b jshurj, b`brkccj,  p÷rpurb, hadkzb, dafrj, jtrjs. Cbs `bdhmbs pualad astbr lack`ktblbs pjr cbs darvblurbs la cb mjgb (Ag. `bdhmb bdfucbr lac erkgjc). Ad ac hbsj la cbs frb`àdabs sa pualad lasbrrjccbr ad ac sadtklj la cb darvblurb. Ac aeahtj lkrahtj la cbs `bdhmbs ejckbras as raluhhkød lac ârab ejckbr y ad bcfudjs hbsjs, laejckbhkød pra`bturb, aga`pcj  @yhadb hktrkhjcjr ad hbeë, pbtjsksta`b la k`pjrtbdhkb ad Fubta`bcb. 21

 

 

Jrfbdks`js hj`j obhtarkbs la cjs fëdarjs   ]bdtmj`jdbs  y  ^saulj`jdbs, mjdfjs y da`btjljs pualad jhbskjdbr `bdhmbs ejckbras. ^brb astb prâhtkhb, sa astulkbrâd bcfudbs aspahkas la Bshj`yhatas, mjdfjs bdb`ørekhjs (sjd cjs qua ad su `byjràb hbusbd `bdhmbs) y Obsklkj`yhatas (Hublrj ?) qua jhbskjdbd astjs sàdtj`bs ad huctkvjs la k`pjrtbdhkb ad Fubta`bcb. Hublrj ?7 Bcfudbs aspahkas la mjdfjs y dj`oras la `bdhmbs ejckbras ad huctkvjs. Bshj`yhatas 2. @khrjhyhcus ucak 0 ^sauljharhjspjrb ucak  @bdhmb ejckbr ad muca ?. Cjpmjlar`ku` pkdbstrk  @bdhmb ejckbr ad pkdj 8. @yhjspmbaraccb `uskhjcb  Xkfbtjib lac obdbdj  @ . ekgkadsks  Xkfbtjib dafrb lac obdbdj  @ . pkdjlas  @bdhmb ejckbr ad brvagb  @ . erbfbrkba @bdhmb ejckbr ad erasb  @yhjspmbaraccb spp. @bdhmb ejckbr ad huhuroktâhab huhuroktâhabs, s, hàtrkhjs y parb >>. Bfadtas la lbòj ad ac Ojsqua Dbtkvj. Alktjrkbc Qdkvarsktbrkb Ojsqua Dbtkvj. Xbdtkbfj la Hmkca. 6p. Hjdsuctb 82/>6/?>22. Lkspjdkoca mttp7//ojjis.fjjfca.hj`.ft/ojjis:kl0 ca.hj`.ft/ojjis:kl0mMU`ExI[Bbh mMU`ExI[BbhH&pf0^B2>5&lq0 H&pf0^B2>5&lq0`bdhmbs+ej `bdhmbs+ej ad7 ad7mttp7//ojjis.fjjf ckbras&mc0as&hl0ejckbras&e0ebcsa   8.  OB_DA\\, M. C., MQD\A_, O. 2;6?. Kccustrbtal fadarb fadarb je k`pareaht eudfk. Ourfass Al. QXB. ?22. @khjcjfkb Bvbdæblb7 \bxjdj`kb la eudfjs Bdb`ørekhjs-K Mkej`khatjs. Ujc. KKKB. Al. _B^L, Orbskc, >p. Mypmj`yhatas, tas, HBO, Adfcbdl. 5>=p. 5.  ACCKX, @. O. 2;62. La`btkbhajus Mypmj`yha 6.  EB__, L.E., at bc. bc. 2;=;. Eudfk, jd pcbdts bdl pcbdt prjluhts kd tma Qdktal Xtbtas. \ma B`arkhbd ^mytjpbtmjcjfkhbc Xjhkaty, Q.X.B. =.  GADIKDX, 2;88. ^mytjpbtmjcjfy, ?87?=8. ;.  IK_I, ^[email protected] HBDDJD, ^. E.9 LBUKL, G. H. & X\BC^A_X, G. B. ?>>=. Bkdswjrtm & Oksoys. Lkhtkjdbry je tma eudfk. HBO, HBO, Frabt Orktbkd. 6662p. 62p. 2>. X@K\M K. @. at. bc. 2;;?. @bdubc la cbs adear`alblas la cbs pcbdtbs. @udlk ^radsb, @blrkl, 562 p. 22. XQ\\JD, O. 2;=>. Hjacj`yhatas, Hjacj`yhatas, H@K, Xurray. 2?. XBCFBLJ, H. & B@J_K@, C. 2;;1. @bdubc la ektjpbtjcjfkb. Al. Br`bdlj Oarfb`kd Ekcmj, Mkrjsmk Ik`btk, Ckckbd B`jrk`. 8ª. Al. Xbj ^bucj7 Bfrjdø`khb Haras, ;2;p. 28. \ma B`arkhbd ^mytjpbtmjcjfkhbc Xjhkaty. ?>>6/?>22. Lkspjdkoca ad 7 mttp7//ojjis.fjjfca.hj`.ft/ojjis:kl0L mttp7//ojjis.fjjf ca.hj`.ft/ojjis:kl0L=mhO2jQ82i =mhO2jQ82iH&prkdtsah0erjdthj H&prkdtsah0erjdthjvar&mc0as&sjur  var&mc0as&sjur  ha0fosZfa ha0fosZfaZsu``bryZr&hbl Zsu``bryZr&hbl0>#v0jdapbf 0>#v0jdapbfa&q&e0ebcsa. a&q&e0ebcsa.    26

 

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