Managing A Successful Computing Project

 

 

Vikt 54

Abibckic b ^unnfsseug Nlaputkic Zrldfnt

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Nlrf uikt

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Nrfhkt vbguf

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Kitrlhuntkli Xmks uikt ks bssfssfh oy b Zfbrsli-sft bsskciafit. Xmf prldfnt orkfe wkgg of sft oy tmf nfitrf, obsfh li b tmfaf prlvkhfh oy Zfbrsli (tmks wkgg nmbicf biiubggy). Xmf tmfaf bih nmlsfi prldfnt wktmki tmf tmfaf wkgg fibogf stuhfits tl fxpglrf bih fxbakif b rfgfvbit bih nurrfit tlpknbg bspfnt le nlaputkic ki tmf nlitfxt le b ouskifss fivkrliafit. Ki lrhfr tl fisurf tmbt ngkfit fxpfntbtklis brf aft ki tfras le rfqukrfafits, hfbhgkifs bih tmf fstkabtfh nlst, tmf wlr` tl hfgkvfr ifw nlaputfr systfas lr sfrvknfs tl ouskifss lrcbiksbtklis, lr tl rfvbap tmf fxkstkic lifs, ks bgwbys lrcbiksfh ki prldfnts. Xmfrfelrf, s`kgeug, `ilwgfhcfbogf bih fxpfrkfinfh prldfnt abibcfrs mbvf bgwbys offi ki hfabih. Kt ks prldfntfh tmbt 26.3 akggkli ifw prldfnt abibcfafit rlgfs wkgg of nrfbtfh brluih tmf wlrgh oy ?:?:. Xmf bka le tmks uikt ks tl leefr stuhfits bi lpplrtuikty tl hfalistrbtf tmf s`kggs rfqukrfh elr abibckic bih kapgfafitkic b prldfnt. Xmfy wkgg uihfrtb`f kihfpfihfit rfsfbrnm bih kivfstkcbtkli elr nbrrykic lut bih fxfnutkic b nlaputkic prldfnt wmknm affts bpprlprkbtf bkas bih lodfntkvfs. Li sunnfsseug nlapgftkli le tmks uikt stuhfits wkgg mbvf tmf nliekhfinf tl ficbcf ki hfnkskli-ab`kic, prlogfa-slgvkic bih rfsfbrnm bntkvktkfs uskic prldfnt abibcfafit s`kggs. Xmfy wkgg mbvf tmf euihbafitbg `ilwgfhcf bih s`kggs tl fibogf f ibogf tmfa tl kivfstkcbtf bih fxbakif rfgfvbit nlaputkic nlinfpts wktmki b wlr`-rfgbtfh wlr`-r fgbtfh nlitfxt, hftfrakif bpprlprkbtf lutnlafs, hfnksklis lr slgutklis bih prfsfit fvkhfinf tl vbrklus stb`fmlghfrs ki bi bnnfptbogf bih uihfrstbihbogf elrabt.

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

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Gfbrikic Lutnlafs Oy tmf fih le tmks uikt stuhfits wkgg of bogf tl4 GL2

Fstbogksm prldfnt bkas, l lodfntkvfs odfntkvfs bih tkaferbafs obsfh li tmf nmlsfi tmfaf.

GL?

Nlihunt sabgg-snbgf rfsfbrnm, kielrabtkli cbtmfrkic bih hbtb nlggfntkli tl cfifrbtf `ilwgfhcf tl supplrt tmf prldfnt.

GL>

Zrfsfit tmf prldfnt bih nlaauiknbtf bpprlprkbtf rfnlaafihbtklis obsfh li afbikiceug nlingusklis hrbwi erla tmf fvkhfinf ekihkics bih/lr bibgysks.

GL8

_fegfnt l li i tmf vbguf cbkifh erla nlihuntkic tmf prldfnt bih kts usf usfeugifss eugifss tl supplrt sustbkibogf lrcbiksbtklibg pfrelrabinf.

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Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

 

 

Fssfitkbg Nlitfit GL2   Fstbogksm prldfnt bkas, lo GL2 lodfntkvfs dfntkvfs bih tkaferbafs obsfh li tmf nmlsfi nmlsfi tmfaf Zrldfnt abibcfafit4 Smbt ks prldfnt abibcfafit bih wmbt hlfs kt kivlgvf< Xmf `fy stbcfs le prldfnt abibcfafit. Xmf bhvbitbcfs le uskic prldfnt abibcfafit bih wmy kt ks kaplrtbit. Kiktkbtkli le tmf prldfnt bih prldfnt pgbiikic pmbsf4 ^nlpkic b prldfnt ∟ hfekikic lodfntkvfs, hfekikic  lodfntkvfs, snlpf, purplsf bih hfgkvfrbogfs h fgkvfrbogfs tl of prlhunfh. ^tfps bih hlnuafitbtkli rfqukrfh ki tmf kiktkbtkli k iktkbtkli pmbsf. Hfvfglpkic tmf prldfnt pgbi, kinguhkic pgbiikic elr tkafsnbgfs bih tkaf abibcfafit, nlst, qubgkty, nmbicf, rks` bih kssufs. Xmf wlr` orfb`hlwi strunturf. Vsf le Obr bih Cbitt Nmbrts elr feefntkvf pgbiikic. GL?   Nlihunt sabgg-snbgf rfsfbrnm, kielr GL? kielrabtkli abtkli cbtmfrkic bih hbtb hbtb nlggfntkli tl cfifrbtf `ilwgfhcf tl supplrt tmf prldfnt Zrldfnt fxfnutkli pmbsf4 ^fgfntkic bpprlprkbtf aftmlhs le kielrabtkli cbtmfrkic, hbtb nlggfntkli n lggfntkli bih abtfrkbg rfslurnkic. Xmf hkstkint pmbsfs wmknm supplrt b nlmfrfit bih glcknbg brcuafit. Vsf le sfnlihbry rfsfbrnm tl kielra b prkabry fapkrknbg stuhy. Rubgktbtkvf bih qubitktbtkvf rfsfbrnm aftmlhs. Ekfgh wlr`4 ^fgfntkic b sbapgf le tmf nlisuafr n lisuafr abr`ft, ouskifssfs lr kihkvkhubgs (tmlsf wml afft nfrtbki nmbrbntfrkstkns rfgfvbit tl tmf rfsfbrnm tmfaf) ks usfh tl cbtmfr hbtb (qubgktbtkvf lr qubitktbtkvf). ^bapgkic bpprlbnmfs bih tfnmikqufs, kinguhkic prlobokgkty bih ili-prlobokgkty sbapgkic.

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

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Ftmkns, rfgkbokgkty bih vbgkhkty4 Bgg rfsfbrnm smlugh of nlihuntfh ftmknbggy ∟ mlw ks tmks bnmkfvfh bih rfplrtfh< r fplrtfh< _fsfbrnm smlugh bgsl of rfgkbogf (skakgbr rfsugts bnmkfvfh erla b skakgbr sbapgf) bih vbgkh (tmf rfsfbrnm smlugh afbsurf wmbt kt bkafh tl afbsurf).  Bibgyskic kielrabtkli kielrabtkli bih hbtb4 Vskic hbtb nlggfntkli tllgs sunm bs kitfrvkfws bih qufstkliibkrfs. Vskic bibgytknbg tfnmikqufs sunm bs trfih bibgysks, nlhkic lr typlglckfs. t yplglckfs. GL>   Zrfsfit tmf prldfnt bih n GL> nlaauiknbtf laauiknbtf bpprl bpprlprkbtf prkbtf rfnlaafihb rfnlaafihbtklis tklis obsfh li afbikiceug nlingusklis hrbwi erla tmf fvkhfinf ekihkics bih/lr bibgysks Nlaauiknbtkic lutnlafs4 Nliskhfr tmf aftmlh (f.c. wrkttfi, vfrobg) bih tmf afhkua (f.c. rfplrt, ligkif, prfsfitbtkli). Oltm aftmlh bih afhkua wkgg of kiegufinfh oy tmf prldfnt rfsfbrnm bih kts kitfihfh buhkfinf. Nlivkinkic brcuafits4 Bgg ekihkics/lutnlafs smlugh of nlivkinkic bih prfsfitfh glcknbggy wmfrf tmf bssuaptkli ks tmbt tmf buhkfinf mbs gkttgf lr l r il `ilwgfhcf le tmf prldfnt prlnfss. Hfvfglpkic fvbgubtkvf nlingusklis. Nrktknbg bih lodfntkvf bibgysks bih fvbgubtkli4 ^fnlihbry bih prkabry hbtb smlugh of nrktkqufh bih nliskhfrfh n liskhfrfh wktm bi lodfntkvf akihsft. Lodfntkvkty rfsugts ki alrf rloust fvbgubtklis wmfrf bi bibgysks dustkekfs b  duhcfafit.

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Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

 

 

GL8   _fegfnt li tmf vbguf cbkifh erla nlih GL8 nlihuntkic untkic tmf prldfnt b bih ih kts usfeugifss tl supplrt sustbkibogf lrcbiksbtklibg pfrelrabinf _fegfntkli elr gfbrikic bih prbntknf4 Xmf hkeefrfinf oftwffi rfegfntkic li pfrelrabinf bih fvbgubtkic b prldfnt ∟ tmf  elrafr nliskhfrs tmf rfsfbrnm rfsfbrnm prlnfss, kielrabtkli cbtmfrkic bih h hbtb btb nlggfntkli, tmf tmf gbttfr tmf qubgkty le tmf rfsfbrnm brcuafit bih usf le fvkhfinf. Xmf nyngf le rfegfntkli4 Xl kinguhf rfegfntkli ki bntkli bih rfegfntkli li bntkli. Mlw tl usf rfegfntkli tl kielra euturf ofmbvklur, pbrtknugbrgy hkrfntfh tlwbrhs sustbkibogf pfrelrabinf. _fegfntkvf wrktkic4 Bvlkhkic cfifrbgksbtkli bih elnuskic li pfrslibg hfvfglpafit bih tmf rfsfbrnm  dlurify ki b nrktknbg bih lodfntkvf wby. wby. Cfifrbgksbtkli4 Abiy stuhkfs rfsugt ki cfifrbgksfh ekihkics. _fsfbrnm wmknm mbs kts obsks ki b spfnkekn ekfgh sunm bs Muabi _fslurnf Abibcfafit (M_A) bih ki b spfnkekn nlitfxt smlugh bvlkh cfifrbgksfh nlingusklis. Lutnlafs smlugh of spfnkekn bih bntklibogf.

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

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Gfbrikic Lutnlafs bih Bssfssafit Nrktfrkb Zbss

Afrkt

Hkstkintkli

GL2 Fstbogksm prldfnt bkas, lodfntkvfs bih tkaferbafs obsfh li tmf nmlsfi tmfaf Z2 Hfvksf prldfnt bkas bih lodfntkvfs elr b nmlsfi

A2 Zrlhunf b nlaprfmfiskvf nlaprfmfiskv f prldfnt

snfibrkl. Z? Zrlhunf b prldfnt abibcfafitt pgbi tmbt abibcfafi nlvfrs bspfnts le nlst, snlpf, tkaf, qubgkty, nlaauiknbtkli, rks` bih rfslurnfs.

abibcfafit pgbi, akgfstlif snmfhugf bih prldfnt snmfhugf elr aliktlrkic bih nlapgftkic tmf bkas bih lodfntkvfs le tmf prldfnt.

GL2 & ? H2 Nrktknbggy fvbgubtf tmf prldfnt abibcfafit abibcfafit prlnfss bih bpprlprkbtf bpprlprkbtf rfsfbrnm aftmlhlglckfs aftmlhlglckfs bppgkfh.

Z> Zrlhunf b wlr` orfb`hlwi strunturf bih b Cbitt Nmbrt tl prlvkhf tkaferbafs bih stbcfs elr nlapgftkli. GL? Nlihunt sabgg-snbgf rfsfbrnm, kielrabtkli kielrabtkli cbtmfrkic bih hbtb nlggfntkli tl cfifrbtf `ilwgfhcf tl supplrt tmf prldfnt Z8 Nbrry lut sabgg-snbgf rfsfbrnm oy bppgykic qubgktbtkvf bih qubitktbtkvf qubitktbtkvf rfsfbrnm aftmlhs bpprlprkbtf elr afftkic prldfnt bkas bih lodfntkvfs.

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A? Fvbgubtf tmf bnnurbny bih rfgkbokgkty le hkeefrfit rfsfbrnm aftmlhs bppgkfh.

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

 

 

Zbss

Afrkt

Hkstkintkli

GL> Zrfsfit tmf prldfnt bih nlaauiknbtf bpprlprkbtf GL> Zrfsfit rfnlaafihbtklis obsfh li afbikiceug nlingusklis hrbwi erla tmf fvkhfinf ekihkics bih/lr bibgysks Z6 Bibgysf rfsfbrnm bih hbtb uskic bpprlprkbtf bpprlprkbtf tllgs bih tfnmikqufs. Z5 Nlaauiknbtf bpprlprkbtf rfnlaafihbtklis bs b rfsugt le rfsfbrnm bih hbtb bibgysks tl hrbw vbgkh bih afbikiceug nlingusklis.

A> Fvbgubtf tmf sfgfntkli le bpprlprkbtf tllgs bih tfnmikqufs elr bnnurbny bih butmfitknkty tl supplrt bih  dustkey rfnlaafihbtkl rfnlaafihbtklis. is.

GL> H? Nrktknbggy fvbgubtf tmf rfsfbrnm bih hbtb bibgysks tllgs usfh ki tmf prldfnt hfvfglpafitt stbcfs.. hfvfglpafi

GL8 _fegfnt li tmf vbguf cbkifh erla nlihuntkic tmf GL8 _fegfnt prldfnt bih kts usfeugifss tl supplrt sustbkibogf lrcbiksbtklibg pfrelrabinf pfrelrabinf Z3 _fegfnt li tmf vbguf le uihfrtb`kic tmf rfsfbrnm tl afft stbtfh lodfntkvfs bih lwi gfbrikic bih pfrelrabinf.

A8 Fvbgubtf tmf vbguf le tmf prldfnt abibcfafit prlnfss bih usf le qubgkty rfsfbrnm tl afft stbtfh lodfntkvfs bih supplrt lwi gfbrikic bih pfrelrabinf.

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

GL8 H> Nrktknbggy fvbgubtf mlw H> Nrktknbggy tmf prldfnt supplrts sustbkibogf lrcbiksbtklibg lrcbiksbtklibg pfrelrabinf.

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Bhhktklibg Fvkhfinf _fqukrfafits Ki bhhktkli tl tmf bolvf bssfssafit nrktfrkb, stuhfits wkgg bgsl of rfqukrfh tl nlapgftf b prldfnt glcoll` tl rfnlrh rfn lrh khfbs, nmbicfs bih hfvfglpafits bs tmfy prlcrfss bih nlapgftf tmf prldfnt.

_fnlaafihfh _fslurnfs Xfxtoll`s Nlstgfy, N., Fggklt, C. bih Ckoos, Z. (?:2:) Hlkic Slr` Obsfh _fsfbrnm4 Bpprlbnmfs tl Fiqukry elr Kiskhfr-rfsfbrnmfrs. Kiskhfr-rfsfbrnmfrs. Glihli4 ^BCF. Hbwsli, N. (?:25) Zrldfnts ki Nlaputkic bih Kielrabtkli ^ystfas4 B ^tuhfit's Cukhf. Cukhf. V@4 Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli. Egkn`, V. (?:22) Kitrlhunkic _fsfbrnm Aftmlhlglcy4 B Ofckiifr‛s Cukhf tl Hlkic b _fsfbrnm Zrldfnt . Glihli4 ^BCF. Crby, H. (?::;) Hlkic _fsfbrnm ki tmf _fbg Slrgh . ?ih Fh. Glihli4 ^BCF. Cuby, A., ^nmrfkofr, H. bih Orklifs, ^. (?:25) Xmf Vgtkabtf Cukhf tl Zrldfnt Abibcfafit44 Gfbri fvfrytmkic ylu iffh tl sunnfsseuggy abibcf prldfnts bih cft tmfa Abibcfafit hlif.. Erff @kihgf Fhktkli. V^4 Tbpkfr Kin. hlif Gln`, H. (?:2>) Zrldfnt Abibcfafit =tm Fhktkli. Fhktkli. V@4 _lutgfhcf. Zkitl, D.@. (?:26) Zrldfnt Abibcfafit4 Bnmkfvkic Nlapftktkvf Bhvbitbcf 8tm Bhvbitbcf 8tm Fh. Zfbrsli.

 Dluribgs Kitfribtklibg Dluribg le Rubitktbtkvf bih Rubgktbtkvf _fsfbrnm Rubgktbtkvf _fsfbrnm Dluribg Sfosktfs www.clv.u`/clvfriafit/puogknbtklis www.clv.u`/clvfriafit/p uogknbtklis

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Hfpbrtafit le Ouskifss Kiilvbtklis bih ^`kggs ‗Cukhfgkifs elr abibckic prldfnts „ Mlw tl lrcbiksf, pgbi bih nlitrlg prldfnts.‑ (_fplrt)

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

 

 

Gki`s Xmks uikt gki`s tl tmf elgglwkic rfgbtfh uikts4 Vikt >4 Zrlefssklibg Zrbntknf Vikt 2>4 Nlaputkic _fsfbrnm Zrldfnt Vikt 284 Ouskifss Kitfggkcfinf Vikt >84 ^ystfas Bibgysks & Hfskci

Zfbrsli OXFN Gfvfgs 8 bih 6 Mkcmfr Ibtklibgs ki Nlaputkic ^pfnkeknbtkli ^pfnkeknbtk li „ Kssuf 8 „ Bucust ?:2; © Zfbrsli Fhunbtkli Gkaktf Gkaktfh h ?:2;

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