Makalah Radiographic Technique of Mandibula - Kelompok 3 - Kelas D

 

OKMKEKJ TYNXAGQY TAOAYLMXKKF OKFGLIQEK Glsusu

f uftum oaoafujl skekj sktu tucks oktk muelkj Wamflm Ykglncrk`l Wjnrkx Kignoaf, gkf Mapkek Gnsaf Tafckopu 2 Gkrtlfl, XMMO, O.Mas.

Glsusuf neaj 2 ;. Kcfas Okrlk Gjlzk Krglkfk

( T;883784994;37 )

9. Iklq Furue Okuelgk

( T;883784994;8< )

8. Iaek Xumlrkfl

( T;883784994;9< )

7. Gloks Ykk`l Kfkfgk

( T;883784994;81 )

1. Olek Ynmjkyktl

( T;883784994;94 )

0. Onhj. Fku`ke Fkgjl` K.T

( T;883784994;7< )

3. Fkglek Okuelgk

( T;88378499444< )

:. Tutrl Plfk Rkmlkj

( T;883784994;73 )

9. Ikcklokfk Ikcklokfk prnyamsl prnyamsl paoarlmskkf paoarlmskkf rkglncrk` rkglncrk` pkgk okfgliu okfgliuek ek > 8. Ikcklokfk Ikcklokfk lfglmks lfglmksll paoarlms paoarlmskkf kkf rkglncr rkglncrk` k` pkgk pkgk okfgliuek okfgliuekrr > 7. Kpk tubukf tubukf gkrl paoarlmskkf paoarlmskkf rkglncrk` rkglncrk` pkgk okfgliue okfgliuekk > 1. Kpk skbk skbk parslkpkf parslkpkf kekt kekt gkf ikjkf ikjkf uftum uftum paoarlmskkf paoarlmskkf rkglncr rkglncrk` k` pkgk okfgliue okfgliuekk > 0. Ikcklokfk Ikcklokfk mrltarl mrltarlkk ckoikr ykfc tkopkm tkopkm gkrl okslfc-oks okslfc-okslfc lfc prnyamsl prnyamsl>>

H. WQBQ WQBQKF KF T TAF AFQE QELXK LXKF F

;. Qftum Qftum oafcat oafcatkjul kjul kfkt kfktnol nol gkrl gkrl okfgl okfgliue iuekk > 9. Qftum oafcatkjul oafcatkjul prnyamsl prnyamsl paoarlmskkf paoarlmskkf rkglncrk` rkglncrk` pkgk pkgk okfgliue okfgliuekk > 8. Qftum oafcatkjul oafcatkjul lfglmks lfglmksll paoarlmsk paoarlmskkf kf rkglncrk` rkglncrk` pkgk okfgliue okfgliuekk > 7. Qftum oafcatkjul oafcatkjul tubukf tubukf gkrl gkrl paoarlms paoarlmskkf kkf rkglncrk rkglncrk`` pkgk okfgliuek okfgliuek > 1. Qftu Qftum m oafc oafcat atkju kjull pa pars rslk lkpkf pkf kekt kekt gk gkf f ikjkf ikjkf uf uftu tum m paoar paoarlm lmsk skkf kf rk rkgl glncr ncrk` k` pk pkgk gk okfgliuek> 0. Qftum oafcatk oafcatkjul jul mrltarlk mrltarlk ckoikr ckoikr ykfc tkopkm tkopkm gkrl gkrl okslfc-oks okslfc-okslfc lfc prnyamsl> prnyamsl>

9

 

IKI LL WLFBKQKF TQXWKMK

K. KFKWNOL

Okfgliuek kgkekj tuekfc rkjkfc ikwkj ykfc oarupkmkf tuekfc ykfc iaskr gkf  pkelfc mukt pkgk gkarkj wkbkj. Iktks ikwkj gkrl okfgliuek glsaiut gkskr okfgliuek,  ikclkf ktks gkrl okfgliuek glsaiut tuekfc kevanekr ykfc oarupkmkf snmat gkrl kmkr-kmkr  clcl. Wuekfc okfgliuek okfgliuek kgkekj tuekfc tafcmnrkm tafcmnrkm ykfc gkpkt iarcarkm iarcarkm skkt oaoiumk oaoiumk gkf oafutup oueut, gkpkt gl tkrlm ma iaekmkfc gkf gl cnykfcmkf ma mlrl gkf ma mkfkf ykfc tarbkgl skkt glcufkmkf uftum oafcufykj. Xugutt (cnfln Xugu (cnflnf) f) okfgli okfgliuek uek oaoikcl oaoikcl satlkp satlkp satafc satafckj kj okfgli okfgliuek uek oafbkg oafbkgll guk  ikclkf utkok.

Gkarkj kftarlnr sugut glsaiut ikgkf okfgliuek, sagkfcmkf gkarkj

suparlnr satlkp sugut glsaiut rkous. rkous. Mkrafk okfgliuek kgkekj tuekfc tufccke, ikgkffyk oaokfbkfc gkrl sugut mlrl mlrl ma samltkr sugut mkfkf. Clcl ikwkj iarkmkr gl rkjkfc ikwkj. Trnsas kevanekr, ktku rlgca, oaeuks gl sapkfbkfc ikclkf suparlnr tuiuj okfgliuek. Tkgk rkous okfgliuek targkpkt prnhassus hnfgyekrls gkf prnhassus hnrnfnlgaus. Trnhassus hnfgyekrls kgkekj ikclkf ykfc iarkrtlmueksl gafckf tuekfc taopnrke pkgk safgl taopnrnokfgliuek. Hnrpus okfgliuek oaopufykl `ufcsl uftum oafykfcck clcl pkgk rkjkfc ikwkj gkf iarkgk gkeko prnhassus kevanekrls. Wuekfc okfgliuek kgkekj sktusktufyk tuekfc pkgk tafcmnrkm ykfc gkpkt iarcarkm gkf gkpkt gl tamkf sartk glkfcmkt skkt oaoiumk oueut. Wuekfc okfgliuek iariaftum sapartl tkpke mugk gkf iar`ufcsl gkeko  pafcufykjkf pafaekfkf gkf iarilhkrk. Okfgliuek gkpkt oaekmumkf carkmkf ratrusl,  prntusl gkf crlfglfc skkt oafcufykj. 

8

 

Ckoikr Cko ikr @rnftk @rnftkee Kspam Kspam kftarl kftarlnr nr okfgli okfgliuek uek gawksk gawksk pkelfc pkelfc iklm iklm tar tarelj eljkt kt pkgk pkgk ckoikr `rnftke. Wuiuj tufccke tariaftum gkrl satlkp satafckj ektarke ektarke gkf iarsktu gl ckrls tafckj kftarlnr kftarlnr.. Tarsktukf Tarsktukf lfl glsaiut glsaiut slo`lsls slo`lsls okfgliue okfgliuek, k, ktku slo`lsls slo`lsls oaftl. oaftl. Gkarkj sacltl sac ltlck ck gktkr gktkr gl ikwkj ikwkj slo`ls slo`lsls, ls, gltkfg gltkfgkl kl gafckf gafckf guk tnfbne tnfbnekf kf sapart sapartll tnoine tnoine ykfc ykfc oafnfbne ma gapkf, glsaiut tnfbnekf oaftke. Tuskt tnfbnekf oaftke oaftke glckoikrmkf saikckl tltlm oaftke. Oaftuo gkf oaftke kgkekj mktk Ektlf ykfc oarubum pkgk krak uouo ykfc glmafkee saikckl gkcu. Wltlm glmafk Wltlm oaftke kgkekj tltlm tltlm spasl`lm spasl`lm gl gkcu, sagkfcmkf oaftuo oaftuo kgkekj kgke kj saeuru saeuruj j krak. krak.

Wareat Wareatkm km gl satlkp satlkp satafck satafckj j tuiuj tuiuj okfgli okfgliuek uek kgkekj kgkekj `nrko `nrko af

oaftke. @nrko oaftke lfk iar`ufcsl saikckl enrnfc enrnfc uftum krtarl oaftke, oaftke, vafk, gkf skrk`  ykfc oafclfarvksl ililr ikwkj gkf gkcu. Ykous Yko us Ikclkf Ikclkf ktks ktks gkrl gkrl satlkp satlkp rkous rkous taolfk taolfktas tas gkeko gkeko eamumk eamumkf f iariaf iariaftum tum Q glsaiutt tkmlm glsaiu tkmlm okfgliuek. okfgliuek. Gl satlkp satlkp ubufc tkmlm tkmlm okfgliuek okfgliuek kgk prnsas. prnsas. Trnsas Trnsas gl ubufc kftarlnr tkmlm okfgliuek glsaiut prnsas mnrnfnlg. Trnsas lfl tlgkm iarkrtlmueksl gafckf tuekfc eklf gkf tlgkm gkpkt glpkepksl gafckf ougkj mkrafk tareatkm gl lf`arlnr eafcmufc zycnoktlm zycnok tlm gkf iar`ufcsl saikckl saikckl taopkt taopkt pareamktkf pareamktkf ntnt. Trnsas Trnsas mnrnfnlg okfgliuek okfgliuek tlgkm ineaj glskokmkf gafckf prnsas mnrnfnlg uefk prnmsloke eafckf ikwkj ktku prnsas mnrkmnlg smkpuek. Trnsas pnstarlnr rrkous kous ktks glsaiut prnsas prnsas hnfgyenlg gkf targlrl gkrl guk ikclkf. Qbufc iuekt gkrl prnsas prnsas mnfglenlg mnfglenlg kgkekj mnfgleus ktku ktku mapkek, sagkfcmkf gkarkj ykfc oafyaoplt oafyaoplt ekfcsufc oafbkgl oafbkgl mnfgleus rafgkj rafgkj kgkekj eajar. Mnfgleus Mnfgleus gkrl  prnsas mnfglenlg oksum ma gkeko `nssk WO tuekfc taopnrke uftum oaoiaftum WOB.

7

 

WAOTNYN OKFGLIQEKY BNLFW (WOB)

Xuktu parsafglkf parsafglkf ykfc mnopeam mnopeam pkgk mapkek okfuslk. okfuslk. Carkmkf Carkmkf pkgk safgl lfl glikcl guk ykltu, jarkmkf jlfclfc (afcsae) neaj safgl clfceyonlg gkf carkmkf oaeufhur  neaj safgl krtjrnglke krtjrnglkekrtjrn krtjrnglke. glke. WOB ykfc gliaftum gliaftum neaj mnfgleus okfgliuekr okfgliuekrls ls oaeamkt oaeamkt  pkgk `nssk okfgliuek gkf 9 tuekfc ykfc glcafccko neaj glshus krtlmuekrls. WOB meksl`lmks meksl `lmksll oafbkgl ckiufckf tuekfc tuekfc (samurkfc-murk (samurkfc-murkfc fc 8 tuekfc). tuekfc).

Glsmus Glsmus krtlmuekrls krtlmuekrls

oarupkmkf tuekfc fnfnssl`lag.

Tr Trns nsas as hn hnfg fgye yekr kr kg kgke kekj kj amst amstru rusl sl tuek tuekfc fc gl ia iaek ekmkf mkfc c pr prns nsas as mn mnrn rnfn fnlg lg,, yk ykfc fc oaoiaftum oaoiaf tum mnopnfaf mnopnfaf tuekfc tuekfc ikwkj gkrl safgl taopnrnokfgliue taopnrnokfgliuekr, kr, iarskok iarskok gafckf tuekfc tuekf c taopnrke. Iaftumfyk Iaftumfyk iariagk gafckf prnsas prnsas mnrnfnlg, mkrafk mkrafk oaolelml oaolelml tkfcmkl ykfc bkuj bkuj eailj rkoplfc rkoplfc gafckf gafckf tnfbnek tnfbnekf f ykfc ykfc eailj iaskr iaskr gl ktksfy ktksfyk. k.

Gasklf Gasklf lfl

oafhlptkmkf eajar uftum mnfgleus gkf oaoufcmlfmkf ntnt ptarlcnlg ektarke oafaopae  pkgk `nvak ptarlcnlg gl ktksfyk. Wuiuj okfgliuek kgkekj aeaoaf iaskr gkf jkoplr parsacl pkfbkfc ykfc tareatkm  sabkbkr ktku tackm eurus gafckf ekftkl, tarckftufc pkgk skkt nrkfc tarsaiut iarglrl tackm  ktku iarikrlfc. Ikclkf tuekfc lfl iarlsl iarlsl ekfgokrm pkelfc kfktnols kfktnols gkrl okfgliuek, ykfc glikjks gl ikwkj lfl, mkrafk oarupkmkf ikclkf gkrl parmaoikfckf tuekfc rkjkfc ikwkj. Ikclkf tarkmjlr tarkmjlr gkrl okfgliuek okfgliuek kgkekj prnsas kevanekr kevanekr.. Lfl ilsk glilekfc glilekfc ikclkf  pkelfc paftlfc gkrl tuekfc sahkrk masaeurujkf, mkrafk oaoackfc clcl oaekeul oamkflsoa  parsafglkf ykfc glmafke saikckl cnopjnsls. Clcl iartkfccufc bkwki uftum oafcclclt, oafcufykj, oaontnfc, gkf oafcclelfc, buck uhkpkf gkf pafcuhkpkf sartk gumufckf  bkrlfckf wkbkj. Ikclkf okfgliuek lfl oaokfbkfc ma ktks gkrl tuiuj gkf targlrl gkrl guk 1

 

eaopafc eaopa fc tuekfc taroksum taroksum ikclkf iumke ykfc taike gkf ikclkf elfcuk elfcukee ykfc tlpls. Xahkrk sloatrls, sloat rls, satlkp slsl rkjkfc ikwkj iarlsl iarlsl elok clcl sueufc gkf tubuj jlfcck gaekpkf clcl  parokfaf, iarckftufc pkgk kpkmkj clcl iufcsu ktku onekr matlck tariaftum saekok  parmaoikfckf aoirln.

I. TY TYN N\AMX \AMXLL

;. Trnyamsl Trnyamsl Kxlnektarke Kxlnektarke ktku Kxlenektark Kxlenektarkee Nielqu Nielquaa

k. Lfglmksl @rkmtur gkf fanpekstlh ktku lf`ekoksl pkgk parsafglkf okfgliuek . Ilek tarbkgl gaolmlkf pkstl glcufkmkf parikfglckf  i. Wubukf Wubukf glcufkmkffyk prnyamsl Kxlnektarke lfl iartubukf uftum oaeljkt ckoikrkf rkous rko us gafckf gafckf pnslsl pnslsl mapkek mapkek trua trua ektark ektarke, e, uftum uftum oaeljk oaeljktt ckoikr ckoikrkf kf okfgli okfgliuek uek gafckf baeks gafckf pnslsl mapkek rntksl ;4-;1 garkbkt, uftum oaeljkt ckoikrkf  ingy gafckf pnslsl mapkek putkr 84 garkbkt, gkf uftum ckoikrkf slo`lsls pnslsl mapkek putkr 71 garkbkt. h. Ta Tarrslkp slkpkf kf Kek Kektt Kekt ‘ kekt ykfc jkrus glslkpmkf pkgk paoarlmskkf okfgliuekrls 2 ;. Task Taskwk wktt ssllfkr fkr Z 9. Mksa Mksatt umu umurk rkf f ;: x 97 97 ho 8. Okrm krmar Y gkf E 7. Crlg 1. Kekt Kekt loni lonile lels lsks ksll 0

 

g. @k @kmt mtnr nr Wamf Wamflls ;. XL XLG

? ;49 ho

9. Qmurkf LY

? ;: x 97 ho

8. @kmt @kmtnr nr Amsp Amspns nsll ⮒ Kfkenc

? 34 ‘ :4 mP

⮒ Xls Xlstao glcl glclttke ? 31 31 ‘ :4 mP 7. HY   ⮒ Wlck Wlck oatnga oatnga ykfc glskrk glskrkfmkf fmkf uftum uftum oafufb oafufbummk ummkf f gkarkj gkarkj H gkf N okfgli okf gliuek uek (sl (slsl sl targamk targamktt gafckf gafckf LY) Wkfpk Wkfpk tar tarbkg bkgll suparp suparpnsl nslsl sl gafckf gkarkj ykfc iarekwkfkf 2 k. Xugut Xugut HY 91˒ Hjapke Hjapkekg kg ktku pnslsl pnslsl trku trkufk fk ikenm ikenm jnrlznf jnrlznftke tke,, sugut HY tkoikjkf 1˒ - ;4˒ gl pnstarlnr.  i. Oafccufkmkf mnoilfksl maolrlfckf mapkek gkf sugut HY  tlgkm eailj gkrl 91˒ hjapkekg (hnftnj 2 vkrlksl maolrlfckf tkiufc ;4˒ hjapkekg gkf tkoikjmkf maolrlfckf mapkek ;1˒ ma krkj LY) h. Olrl Olrlfcm fcmkf kf mapke mapkekk 91˒ ma krkj krkj LY , gk gkf f cufkmk cufkmkf f HY tackm  tackm  eurus. ⮒ Oafckr Oafckrkjm kjmkf kf HY HY ma eukr eukr okfgl okfgliue iuekk . 1. HT ⮒ Oafaoius kfcueus okfgliuek ykfc bkuj gkrl `leo Fnfcrlg `leo Fnfcrlg a. Tars Tarslk lkpk pkf f Tksl Tkslaf af Tkslaf oaeapksmkf iafgk encko ktku pekstlh gl samltkr mapkek gkf eajar. \kfc gkpkt oafcckfccu ckoikrkf rkglncrk`, sapartl parjlkskf gkf eklf-eklf `. Tns Tnslsl T Tkkslaf Tnslslmkf pkslaf gafckf iarglrl tackm , saolprnfa, ktku tareaftkfc. ;. Blmk oafccufk oafccufkmkf mkf pnslsl pnslsl iarglrl, iarglrl, eatkmmk eatkmmkf f LY pkgk ckfbkekf ckfbkekf spnf , uftum uftum oafcurkfcl NLG gkf oaopariklml hltrk rkglncrk`l. 9. Gkeko pnslsl pnslsl iarglrl iarglrl eatkmmkf eatkmmkf wlekykj wlekykj ykfc ykfc kmkf kmkf glparlm glparlmsk sk pkgk pkgk iuhmy iuhmy gkf sabkbkr gafckf LY. c. Tns Tnsls lsll Nib Nibam  3

 

;. Eatk atkmmkf

pnslsl

ma map pkek

pkslaf

gkeko

trua

ektarke

gaf afc ckf

ckrls

lftarp lftarpupl upleek eekry ry tackm tackm eurus eurus gafckf gafckf LY. Oueut Oueut jkrus jkrus tar tartut tutup up gkf clcl clcl  iarskok. 9. Yaftkfcmkf Yaftkfcmkf eajar eajar uftum uftum oafhackj oafhackj okfgliu okfgliuek ek suparpnsl suparpnslsl sl gafckf gafckf tuekfc tuekfc harvlhke. 8. Yntkslmkf Yntkslmkf Mapkek Mapkek sasukl sasukl gafckf gafckf gkarkj gkarkj ykfc kmkf kmkf gl parlmsk parlmsk kckr kckr gkarkj gkarkj okfgliuek sabkbkr gafckf LY 2 ⮒ Ykous, Ykous, Bkck pnslsl pnslsl mapkek pkslaf pkslaf gkeko gkeko pnslsl pnslsl trua ektark ektarkee ykfc saiafkrfyk (sugut fnroke) ⮒ Yntksl Yntksl ;4-14 garkbkt garkbkt kgkekj kgkekj sugut tariklm tariklm uftum pafckoi pafckoilekf lekf hltrk hltrk okfgliea sahkrk uouo. ⮒ Ingy, Ingy, Tutkr Tutkr mapkek mapkek pksla pkslaf f 84 garkbk garkbktt ma krkj krkj LY. ⮒ Xlo`lsls Xlo`lsls,, Tutkr Tutkr mapkek mapkek pkslaf pkslaf 71 garkbkt garkbkt ma krkj krkj LY. Blmk pkslaf gkeko makgkkf trkuok gafckf pnslsl saousuplfa, eatkmmkf LY  pkgk ikftkekf spnf. j. Ckoikr Ckoikrkf kf Ykglnc Ykglncrk` rk` ykfc ykfc Wkop Wkopkm  km  ;. Ykous, Ykous, hnfgleus, hnfgleus, prnh. prnh. Hnrnfnl Hnrnfnlg, g, ingy gkf oaftuo oaftuo gkrl gkrl okfgliue okfgliuekk gamkt gafckf mksat. 9. Gafc Gafckf kf su sugu gutt ykfc ykfc iafkr iafkr oaop oaopar arel eljk jktm tmkf kf rk rkou ouss tl tlgkm gkm su supa parl rlop opns nsls lsll gafckf okfgliuek saiarkfc. lgkm m ine ineaj aj tar tarbkg bkgll sup suparl arlopn opnsls slsll har harvlh vlhke ke nea neaj j rko rkous us (oa (oafuf fufbum bummkf mkf 8. Wlgk amstafsl eajar ykfc humup). humup). 7. Ykous Ykous gkf ingy ingy tlgk tlgkm m tarbkg tarbkgll okcfl` okcfl`lmk lmksl. sl. 1. Xaouk Xaouk ikclkf ikclkf okfgl okfgliue iuekk tarhnva tarhnvarr gkeko gkeko mksat mksat 0. Mnftrks gkf mapkgktkf humup uftum oaovlsukelskslmkf krak okfgliuek ykfc gllfclfmkf. l.

Cko Ckoikr ikr Ykgl Ykglnc ncrrk` 

:

 

9. Tr Trnya nyams msll Tnsta Tnstarn rn Kft Kftar arln lnr  r 

k. Lfglmksl @rkmtur gkf fanpekstlh ktku lf`ekoksl pkgk parsafglkf okfgliuek.  i. Wubukf Wubukf oafccufkmkf prnyamsl TK lfl uftum oaeljkt ckoikrkf gkrl okfgliuekr  kckr tkopkm baeks, gkf buck rkous gkf ingy gkrl okfgliuek tkopkm sloatrls. h. Ta Tarrslkp slkpkf kf Kek Kektt Kekt ‘ kekt ykfc jkrus glslkpmkf pkgk paoarlmskkf okfgliuekrls 2 ;. Task Taskwk wktt ssllfkr fkr Z 9. Mksa Mksatt umu umurk rkf f ;: x 97 97 ho 8. Okrm krmar Y gkf E 7. Crlg 1. Kekt Kekt loni lonile lels lsks ksll g. @k @kmt mtnr nr Wamf Wamflls <

 

;. XL XLG

? ;49 ho

9. Qmurkf LY

? ;: x 97 ho

8. @kmt @kmtnr nr Amsp Amspns nsll ⮒ Kfkenc

? 31 ‘ :4 mP

⮒ Xls Xlstao glcl glclttke ? :4 :4 ‘ :4 mP 7. HY   ⮒ Wackm Wackm eurus eurus gafckf gafckf LY,krkj LY,krkj slfkr slfkr gltafckj gltafckj uftum uftum oafubu oafubu maeukr  maeukr   pkgk parslopkfckf ktku partafckjkf n ililr pkslaf 1. HT ⮒ Tartafck ckj jkf kftkrk magu gukk ililr ( cafar arkke survay / rkous okfgliuek) a. Tars Tarslk lkpk pkf f Tksl Tkslaf af Tkslaf oaeapksmkf iafgk encko ktku pekstlh gl samltkr mapkek gkf eajar. \kfc gkpkt oafcckfccu ckoikrkf rkglncrk`, sapartl parjlkskf gkf eklf-eklf. `. Tns Tnslsl T Tkkslaf Tnslslmkf pkslaf prnfa ktku gugum okupuf araht oafcjkgkp oafcjkgkp ma vartlhke crlg. Tkgk pkslaf ykfc trkuok pnslsl paoarlmskkf tariklm kgkekj gafckf suplfa. c. Tns Tnsls lsll Nib Nibam  ;. Eatkmmkf Eatkmmkf gkcu gkf jlgufc jlgufc sajlfcck sajlfcck paroumkkf paroumkkf kftarlnr kftarlnr slo`lsls slo`lsls okfgliuek sabkbkr gafckf ilgkfc LY. 9. Xauskl Xausklmkf mkf KOE KOE kckr tack tackm m eurus eurus gafckf gafckf ilgkfc ilgkfc LY. LY. 8. Xasuklmkf Xasuklmkf Mapkek Mapkek kckr ilgkfc ilgkfc olgskcl olgskclttke ttke tackm tackm eurus eurus gafckf gafckf ilgkfc LY. 7. Ta Tart rtkj kjkf kfmkf mkf pns pnsls lsll mapke mapkekk 1. Wkjkf Wkjkf fk`ks fk`ks skkt skkt pafcko pafckoile ilekf kf hltr hltrkk j. Ckoikr Ckoikrkf kf Ykglnc Ykglncrk` rk` ykfc ykfc Wkop Wkopkm  km  ;. Ykous Ykous gkf ingy n` okfgliu okfgliuek ek tkopkm tkopkm sloatr sloatrls ls gkf ikclkf ikclkf ektarke ektarke pkgk pkgk  ingy 9. Xa Xaeu euru ruj j okfg okfgli liue uekk tkop tkopkm  km  8. Mnftrks gkf gafsltks humup uftum oaovlsukelskslmkf tuiuj rkjkfc ikwkj gkf rkous l.

Cko Ckoikr ikr Ykgl Ykglnc ncrrk`  ;4

 

8. Tr Trnya nyams msll Tns Tnsta tarn rn Kxlke Kxlke

k. Lfglmksl @rkmtur gkf fanpekstlh ktku lf`ekoksl pkgk parsafglkf okfgliuek . Tkgk prnyamsl lfl oafubummkf rkol prnxloke gkf pkfgkfck oaokfbkfc gkrl hnfgyenlg prnhass.  i. Wubukf Wubukf glpleljfyk prnyamsl TK Kxlke lfl uftum oaeljkt ckoikrkf rkous gkf ingy, gkf buck kckr ckoikrkf ck oikrkf okfgliuek sloatrls gkf tlgkm tarbkgl rntksl. h. Ta Tarrslkp slkpkf kf Kek Kektt Kekt ‘ kekt ykfc jkrus glslkpmkf pkgk paoarlmskkf okfgliuekrls 2 ;. Task Taskwk wktt ssllfkr fkr Z 9. Mksa Mksatt umu umurk rkf f ;: x 97 97 ho ;;

 

8. Okrm krmar Y gkf E 7. Crlg 1. Kekt Kekt loni lonile lels lsks ksll g. @k @kmt mtnr nr Wamf Wamflls ;. XL XLG

? ;49 ho

9. Qmurkf LY

? ;: x 97 ho

8. @kmt @kmtnr nr Amsp Amspns nsll ⮒ Kfkenc

? 31 ‘ :4 mP

⮒ Xls Xlstao glcl glclttke ? :4 :4 ‘