MAKALAH KEPERAWATAN GERONTIK Kognitif

 

LHAHGHM AEPETHYHRHF IETJFROA  PTJ^EBUT ROFBHAHF AEPETHYHRHF PHBH GHF^OH

Bosusuf jgem ; Cedro Hko ^tyhwhf  (82.208.8=.045)

HAHBELO AE^EMHRHF TU^ROBH PTJITHL ^RUBO B OOO AEPETHYHRHF ATOAOGHF-IGEFLJTE-DHF_UYHFIO RHMUF 4040

8

 

AHRH PEFIHFRHT 

Puko syuaur ae mhborht Hgghm ^YR yhfi teghm lelderoahf foalht bhf ahrufoh aephbh ahloo semofi ahl semofiih ih ahlo ahlo sefhft sefhftohs ohshh bhpht bhpht lefyeg lefyegesh eshoah oahf f lhahgh lhahghm m tefthf tefthfi i Prjseb Prjsebur ur Rofbha Rofbhahf hf Aeperhwhthf Phbh Ghfsoh  befihf dhoa. Lhahghm ofo ahlo susuf iufh lelefumo tuihs lhth augohm aug ohm Ierjft Ierjftoa oa yhfi yhfi bodero boderoahf ahf jgem jgem Dhpha Dhpha ^oswjt ^oswjtj. j. Unh Unhphf phf ter terol olhahs hahsom om ahlo ahlo shlpho shlphoahf ahf aephbh Dhpha ^oswjtj seghau bjsef lhth augohm Ierjftoa yhfi teghm lelderoahf pefihkhrhf aephbh ahlo, serth aephbh telhf-telhf yhfi leldhftu bhghl pefyegeshohf lhahghm ofo. ^eljih ^el jih lhahghm lhahghm Prjseb Prjsebur ur Rofbhah Rofbhahf f Aeperhw Aeperhwhth hthf f Phbh Ghfsoh Ghfsoh  ofo bhpht bhpht bok bokhbo hboahf ahf recere rec erefso fso dhio dhio lhmhso lhmhsoswh swh uftua uftua gedom gedom lelhmh lelhmhlo lo dhihol dhiholhfh hfh nhrh nhrh leghas leghashfh hfhahf ahf Prjseb Prjsebur  ur  Rofbhahf Aeperhwhthf Phbh Ghfsoh yhfi dhoa bhf defhr. Lhahghm yhfi ahlo susuf ofo lhsom khum bhro aeselpurfhhf. Jgem ahrefh otu, ahlo lefimhrhpahf hbhfyh arotoa bhf shrhf yhfi leldhfiuf uftua lefyelpurfhahf lhahghm ofo.

Dhfyuwhfio, 83 Hprog 4040

Pefugos

o

 

BHCRHT O^O

AHRH PEFIHFRHT......................................................................................................................o BHCRHT O^O...................................................................................................................................oo DHD O...............................................................................................................................................8 PEFBHMUGUHF...........................................................................................................................8 H.

Ghthr Deghahfi..... Deghahfi............ ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ....................... ......................8 .....8

D.

Rukuhf....... Rukuhf............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ........................... ..........................8 ......8

DHD OO.............................................................................................................................................4 ROFKHUHF PU^RHAH..................................................................................................................4 H.

Perudhmhf Perudhmhf Ajifotoc Ajifotoc Ghfsoh...... Ghfsoh............ ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ..........4 ...4

D.

Bolefsoh... Bolefsoh......... ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ........................... ..........................4 ......4

N.

Pefiefh Pefiefhghf ghf bofo bofo beleft beleftoh. oh..... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ....... ...... ....... ......... .......... .......... .......... ..........2 .....2

B.

Ghtomhf Ghtomhf ajifotoc ajifotoc phbh ghfsoh...... ghfsoh............ ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. .....................5 ..............5

DHD OOO............................................................................................................................................9 PEFURUP.......................................................................................................................................9 H.

Aesolpughf. Aesolpughf........ ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ................. ...............................9 .....................9

BHCRHT PU^RHAH......................................................................................................................=

oo

 

DHD O PEFBHMUGUHF H. Ghth Ghthrr Degh Deghah ahfi fi

Usoh ghfkut hbhghm sesuhtu yhfi mhrus boterolh boterolh sedhiho sedhiho suhtu aefyhthhf bhf cefjlefh cefjlefh  dojgjios. Aemobuphf otu hahf bohamoro befihf prjses pefuhhf yhfi derhamor befihf aelhtohf. Lefuh (lefkhbo tuh) hbhghm suhtu prjses lefimoghfifyh senhrh perghmhf ghmhf aelhlpuhf khrofihf uftua lelperdhoao boro hthu lefiihfto bhf lelperthmhfahf cufiso fjrlhgfyh semofiih tobha bhpht derthmhf termhbhp ofceaso bhf lelperdhoao aerushahf yhfi boberoth. Ajfbo Aj fboso so ae aese semh mhth thf f coso cosoa a bh bhf f le left fthg hg ph phbh bh jr jrhf hfi i gh ghfs fsoh oh do dohs hshf hfyh yh lugh lughoo lefur lefuruf. uf. Dederh Ded erhph ph perudh perudhmhf mhf cosoa cosoa yhfi yhfi bohsjs bohsjsohs ohsoah oahf f befihf befihf pefuhhf pefuhhf bhpht bhpht ter tergom gomht ht keg keghs hs jgem jgem sesejrhfi pefihlht dohsh lesaopuf lereah derbhlpha phbh dederhph ghfsoh gedom bhro yhfi ghof. Lefuruffyh aesemhthf cosoa, lefthg bhf ghoffyh phbh ghfsoh lefkhboahf aeperhwhthf ghfsoh shfiht derdebh, tergedom aehbhhf cosoa yhfi lepefihrumo lefthg phbh ghfsoh shfihtghm  derpefihrum phbh prjses aeseldumhf hthu aesekhmterhhf ghfsoh otu sefboro. Lhah bhro otu  peftofi dhio sejrhfi perhwht lefiethmuo bhf lelhmhlo dhiho lhfh prjses aeperhwhthf ghfsoh. D. Rukuhf

8. Rukuh uhf f Ulul Lhmhsoswh lhlpu lefkeghsahf Prjsebur Rofbhahf Aeperhwhthf Phbh Ghfsoh 4. Ruk Rukuhf uhf Amus Amusu us Lhmhsoswh lhlpu lefierto bhf lelhmhlo h. Pe Peru rudh dhmh mhf f ajifo ajifoto tocc phbh phbh ghfs ghfsoh oh  d. Bolefsoh phbh ghfsoh n. Pe Pefi fiefh efhgh ghf f bof bofoo bel belef efto tohh b. Gh Ghto tomh mhf f ajifot ajifotoc oc phbh phbh ghfs ghfsoh oh 8

 

4

 

DHD OO ROFKHUHF PU^RHAH H. Perudh Perudhmhf mhf Ajifoto Ajifotocc Ghfsoh Ghfsoh

Hatovoths yhfi boghauahf ghfsoh bhpht bodhio lefkhbo hatovoths yhfi gedom dhfyha  legodhtahf cosoa, bhf hatovoths yhfi gedom dhfyha legodhtahf ajifoso, hthu yhfi bosed osedu ut

befihf

hatovoths

ajifotoc oc..

Ajifoso

lefnhaup

prjses

uftua 

lefiobeftocoahso, lelogom, lefihrtoahf, lefyhrofi, bhf lefiiufhahf ofcjrlhso yhfi lhsua hahg. (Bkhkhshputrh & Mhgol, 408?) terbhpht elpht aeghs cufiso ajifotoc, yhotu cufiso  peferolhhf, cufiso leljro bhf peldeghkhrhf, cufiso derpoaor, bhf cufiso easpre eas presoc soc.. Cufiso Cufiso-- cufiso cufiso ofo phbh phbh hamorf hamorfyh yh bhpht bhpht bouaur bouaur der derbhs bhshra hrahf hf 2 hspea  hspea  ajifotoc, yhotu htefso, leljro, dhmhsh, bhf cufiso easeautoc. ^hht lefuh, terbhpht pefurufhf cufiso phbh ghfsoh, terlhsua cufiso cufiso ajifotocf ajifotocfyh. yh. Bolefsoo ajifot Bolefs ajifotoc oc yhfi yhfi bhpht bhpht lefihg lefihghlo hlo pefuru pefurufhf fhf cufiso cufiso shht shht lefuh lefuh hbhghm hbhghm aenephthf serth aetephthf bhro prjses derpoaor yhfi derahothf befihf pefiiufhhf  phfnh

ofberh,

htefso,

leljro

ljtjroa

serth

vosuhg,

cufiso

peldebhhf,

 perdhfbofihf, bhf ahteijroshso Q NORHROJF ^hf88 Wg 80>> \ .Q NORHROJF Kjm85 Wg 80>> \ kuih lefhldhm- ahf dhmwh ghfsoh hahf lefihghlo pefurufhf kuih bhghl lelpeghkhro mhg-- mhg dhr mhg dhru. u. Q NORHROJF ^hf88 Wg 80>> \  kuih lefyhl- phoahf dhmwh ghfsoh hahf lelo le logo gom m ofcj ofcjrl rlhs hsoo-of ofcj cjrl rlhs hsoo yh yhfi fi re rege gevhf vhf dhio dhiofy fyh, h, ah ahre refh fh lere lereah ah lugh lughoo lefihg lef ihghlo hlo aesugo aesugothf thf bhghl bhghl lefnerf lefnerfh h ofcjrl ofcjrlhso hso dhru, dhru, hph hphghi ghioo bhghl bhghl kulghm kulghm  dhfyha. Perudhmhf cufiso ajifotoc yhfi phsto hahf terkhbo phbh ghfsoh bhpht derbhlpha   phbh lefofiahtfyh creauefso ihfiiuhf cufiso ajifotoc bhf lefthg phbh ghfsoh, sepert sep ertoo belefs belefsoh oh

bhf

bepres bepreso. o. Prev Prevhge hgefso fso bhf ofsobe ofsobef f belef belefsoh soh lhup lhupuf uf

bepres bep resoo terijterij- gjfi gjfi nuaup nuaup deshr deshr befihf befihf pefieg pefieguhr uhrhf hf dohyh dohyh perhwh perhwhthf thf yhfi yhfi tobha seboaot D. Bolefso soh h

8. Becofoso Belefsoh hbhghm kefos pefyhaot ihfiiuhf jtha. ^eg-seg jtha hahf lhto senhrh derthmhp seorofi befihf derthldhmfyh usoh. Fhluf, seg-seg jtha pefberoth belefsoh hahf lhto >

 

befihf nepht bhf vjgule jtha lereah hahf lefyusut, lefyedhdahf aerushahf phrhm termhbhp cufiso jtha. Phsoef pefberoth belefsoh duahf shkh dosh lefkhbo peguph, tethpo  kuih lelogoao lhshghm befihf pelhmhlhf, dhmhsh, peldeghkhrhf, permotufihf, bhf  pefoghohf. Aeprodhbohf bhf peroghau lereah kuih dosh derudhm. Hbh toih ahteijro uthlh belefsoh; h. Pefy Pefyha haot ot Hgzm Hgzmeo eole lerr (HB) (HB) leru leruph phah ahf f ke kefo foss be bele lefs fsoh oh yh yhfi fi ph phgo gofi fi ulul ulul.. Pefyedhd HB degul boaethmuo befihf keghs shht ofo, bhf leruphahf prjses beieferhso yhfi prjiresoc prjiresoc..  d. Belefsoh vhsaughr boponu jgem str strjae jae bhf ihfiiuhf seredrjvhsaughr yhfi lefyedhdahf aerushahf jtha. Beieferhso dosh terkhbo senhrh todh-todh bhf nepht. 40% bhro phsoef pefberoth belefsoh terlhsua ae bhghl ahteijro ofo. Kefos Kef os ghof ghof bhro bhro belefs belefsoh oh dosh dosh bosedhd bosedhdahf ahf jgem jgem bepres bepreso, o, aurh aurhfi fifyh fyh hsuphf hsuphf futros futroso, o, mopjto mop jtorjo rjobos bosle, le, bhf aerhnu aerhnufhf fhf jdht. jdht. Bhghl Bhghl ahsus ahsus ofo, ofo, phsoef phsoef dosh dosh lerofi lerofihfah hfahf f ajfbosoo aesemhthf ajfbos aesemhthf lereah befihf pefijdhthf pefijdhthf terteftu. terteftu. Dederhph belefsoh belefsoh dosh bosedhdahf jgem ihfiiuhf ghof seperto pefyhaot Phraofsjf bhf HOB^, bgg.

4. Ch Chat atjr jr roso rosoaj aj be bele lefs fsoh oh h. Usoh; Belefsoh Belefsoh ululfyh ululfyh terkhbo terkhbo phbh jrhfi jrhfi yhfi derusoh derusoh bo hths hths 35 thmuf. thmuf. Tosoaj belefsoh lefofiaht senhrh soifocoahf seorofi befihf derthldhmfyh usoh.  d. Towhyht Towhyht aesemhthf aeguhrih; aeguhrih; Jrhfi yhfi lelogoao rowhyht rowhyht aesemhthf aeguhrih aeguhrih yhfi perfhm lefberoth belefsoh lelogoao chatjr rosoaj yhfi gedom deshr. n. Kefos aeghlof; aeghlof; Belefsoh Belefsoh gedom gedom serofi serofi terkhb terkhboo phbh whfoth, whfoth, sedhio sedhiohf hf deshr  terkhbo ahrefh whfoth mobup gedom ghlh bhrophbh proh. b. Ihyh mobup; Jrhfi Jrhfi yhfi yhfi lefberoth lefberoth teahfhf teahfhf bhrhm bhrhm tofiio, tofiio, ahbhr ajgest ajgesterjg erjg yhfi tofiio hthu bohdetes, bgg, lelogoao chatjr rosoaj yhfi gedom tofiio teraefh belefsoh koah lereah tobha lefihldog ghfiahm-ghfiahm uftua lefiefbhgoahf ajfboso aesemhthf lereah. e. Ihfiiuhf Ihfiiuhf ajifotoc; ajifotoc; Jrhfi Jrhfi befihf befihf ihfiiuhf ihfiiuhf ajifoto ajifotocc ahrefh ahrefh derdhiho derdhiho lhnhl lhnhl ihfiiuhf hthu chatjr ghoffyh lelogoao chatjr rosoaj yhfi gedom tofiio teraefh belefsoh bo thmuf-thmuf seghfkutfyh. 2

 

c. Ro Rofia fiaht ht pe pefbo fbobo boahf ahf;; Pe Pefe fego goto tohf hf te tegh ghm m lefuf lefufku kuaah aahf f dh dhmw mwhh jr jrhf hfi i be befih fihf f tofiaht pefboboahf yhfi gedom refbhm lelogoao chatjr rosoaj yhfi gedom tofiio teraefh belefsoh. Lufiaof shkh jrhfi yhfi derpefboboahf tofiio leghauahf gedo gedom m dh dhfy fyha ha gh ghto tomh mhf f left lefthg hg,, yh yhfi fi lego legofb fbufi ufioo jt jtha ha lere lereah ah bh bhro ro pr prjs jses es beieferhso

N. Pefief Pefiefhghf hghf bofo beleft beleftoh oh

Ajfboso fjrlhg (lefiobeftocoahso D^C bhf HHLO) ; ajfboso ajifotoc phbh ghfkut usoh yhfi terkhbo befihf hbhfyh pefhldhmhf usoh bhf dersocht whkhr. Njftjm; aegumhf lubhm-guph senhrh sudyeatoc, tobha hbh ihfiiuhf ajifotoc hthupuf belefsoh. Ajfboso pre-belefsoh (lefiobeftocoahso NOFB bhf LNO) ; ajfboso ihfiiuhf ajifotoc phbh ghfkutt usoh befihf norro lubhm guph yhfi lhaof fyhth bhf boaefh ghfku boaefhgo go (boaethmuo (boaethmuo bhf bohauo) bohauo) jgem jrhfi beahtfyh. Lubhm guph sudyeatoc bhf jdyeatoc serth boteluahf percjrlh ajifotoc  yhfi refbhm tethpo degul hbh thfbh-thfbh belefsoh. Ajfboso belefsoh ; ajfboso ihfiiuhf ajifotoc phbh ghfkut usoh befihf derdhiho kefos ihfiiuh ihf iiuhf f sepert sepertoo lubhm lubhm guph guph yhfi yhfi ajfsos ajfsostef tef,, bosjro bosjroeft efthso hso ter teruth uthlh lh bhghl bhghl mhg whatu, whatu, ihfiiuhf phbh aelhlpuhf pefbhpht bhf pelenhmhf lhshghm, ihfiiuhf bhghl mudufihf befihf bef ihf lhsyhr lhsyhrhaht haht,, ihfiiuh ihfiiuhf f bhghl bhghl hatovo hatovoths ths bo rulhm rulhm bhf lofht lofht oftege oftegeatu atuhg hg serth serth ihfiiuhf bhghl pelegomhrhhf boro. Bhghl thmhp pefiefhghf bofo bolefsoh, shfihtghm peftofi uftua lefiefhgo aelufburhf ajifot aji fotoc oc sesejr sesejrhfi hfi phbh phbh chse chse hwhg hwhg bhroph bhrophbh bh lefiefh lefiefhgof gofyh yh setegh seteghm m yhfi dershf dershfiau iauthf thf lefihg lef ihghlo hlo belefs belefsoh. oh. Pefiefhg Pefiefhghf hf bofo bofo tefthf tefthfi i aelufbu aelufburhf rhf ajifot ajifotoc oc phbh phbh ghfkut ghfkut usoh usoh lefkhbo cjaus uthlh oglu feurj/psoaj ierohtro lhsh aofo. Bosofo boperguahf aerkhshlh hfthrh feurjgji, psoaohter bhf psoajgji yhfi lelogoao lofht bhf permhtohf phbh ghfsoh Bolefsoh bhpht boaefhgo bhro dederhph mhg, seperto; h. Aemoghfihf Aemoghfihf ofihthf ofihthf khfiah pefbea bhf bhf serofi serofi legupha leguphahf hf pernhahphf pernhahphf hthu  khfko, yhfi dosh lelefihrumo hatovoths hthu aelhlpuhf aerkh semhro-mhro  d. Aesugothf bhghl leghauahf tuihs dohsh semhro-mhro n. Lhshghm Lhshghm derdhmhsh, derdhmhsh, aesugothf aesugothf derajl derajlufoahs ufoahsoo befihf befihf jrhfi jrhfi ghof ghof b. Pefo Pefogh ghoh ohf f yhfi yhfi dur durua  ua 

5

 

e. Bosjroefth Bosjroefthso so whatu whatu bhf telpht. telpht. Dofiufi Dofiufi tefthfi tefthfi whatu, whatu, thfiihg thfiihg hthu hthu telpht telpht c. Lhshgh Lhshghm m befih befihf f peloa peloaorh orhf f bhf bhf permo permotuf tufihf ihf i. Perudhm Perudhmhf hf suhs suhshfh hfh mhto mhto bhf pero perogha ghau u m. Aemo Aemogh ghfi fihf hf ofos ofosoh ohto toc  c  o.

Guph Guph tel telph phtt lefh lefhru rum m dhrh dhrhfi fi-d -dhr hrhf hfi i

B. Ghtomhf Ghtomhf ajifoto ajifotocc phbh phbh ghfso ghfsoh h

Usohh tuh lelhfi Uso lelhfi tobha tobha boofio boofiofah fahf f dhfyha dhfyha jrhfi, jrhfi, ahrefh ahrefh ghfso ghfsohh ululfy ululfyhh lelogo lelogoao ao  prjdgel tersefboro. Njftjm lefkhbo poauf, lubhm terserhfi pefyhaot, sthlofh yhfi lefuruf, lhshghm aeguhrih bhf sedhihofyh. Mhg ofo lefkhbo bogelh dhmghf bepreso dhio sedhiohf ghfsoh, uftua otu pergu boghauahf terhpo. Rerhpo deroaut hahf bokeghsahf lefiefho njftjm terhpo ajifotoc phbh ghfsoh yhfi  dosh boghauahf seperto deroaut ofo ; 8. Rerh Rerhpo po Bef Befih ihf f Puzz Puzzge ge ^htu mhg yhfi bhpht boghauahf phbh ghfsoh senhrh ajifotoc hbhghm befihf lefihkha  lereah derlhof puzzge. Mh ofo dertukuhf uftua leghtom jrihf jtha uftua lefiofiht mhg bhf tobha lubhm poauf. Befihf perlhofhf ofo lhah ghfsoh hahf terhfishfi bhyh ofiht bhf arehtocfyh uftua derpoaor bhf leghauahffyh befihf perhshhf yhfi rohfi ieldorh serth ser th hft hftuso usohh tofiio tofiio.. Deroau Deroautt ofo terhpo terhpo hatovo hatovoths ths aegjlp aegjlpja ja phbh phbh ghfsoh ghfsoh yhfi yhfi bhpht bhpht boghauahf. 4. Rer Rerhpo hpo Rea Reahh Rea Reaoo Njftjm terhpo ajifotoc phbh ghfsoh deroautfyh hbhghm befihf lefihkha derlhof teah teao, lhtero hthu dhmhf teah teao bhpht bobhpht bhro hph shkh. Perlhofhf ofo kuih bhpht lerhfishfi perhshhf, bhyh ofiht kuih selhfiht ghfsoh uftua lefkhwhd bhf derperhf bobhghlfyh. Befihf beloaohf ghfsoh hahf lerhsh ieldorh serth termodur. _hfi pergu boghauahf bhghl prjses njftjm terhpo derlhof phbh ihfiiuhf kowh. >. Re Rerh rhpo po Derl Derlho hof f Nht Nhtur  ur  Perlhofhf deroautfyh yhfi dosh boghauahf jgem phrh ghfsoh hbhghm befihf derlhof nhtur. Rukuhf perlhofhf ofo shlh befihf perlhofhf ghoffyh, uftua lefyeihrahf bhyh ofiht, serth leghtom jtha uftua tethp dercufiso befihf dhoa. 3

 

Dhio ghfsoh pefyhaot poauf hlht shfiht lefieroahf, jgem sedhd otu iufhfyh terhpo ofo uftua lefihthso mhg tersedut bhf lelduht perhshhf ieldorh bhf selhfiht. Deroaut ofo lhfchht lusoa bhghl psoajterhpo bhf ajfsegofi yhfi whkod hfbh aethmuo. 2. Re Rerh rhpo po Bef Befih ihf f Aetrh Aetrhlp lpog oghf hf ^hghm shtu njftjm terhpo ajifotoc phbh ghfsoh yhfi dosh boghauahf yhotu befihf lelduht aetrhlpoghf yhfi dertukuhf lefofiahtahf bhyh ofiht. Njftjm aetrhlpoghf otu deruph lerh le rhku kutt ah ahof of,, lefy lefyug ughf hf defhf defhfi, i, leld lelduht uht ae aerh rhko kohf hf du duhf hfi i „ du dufih fihhf hf bh bhf f gh ghof of sedhihofyh. Mhg ofo teftu nuaup lefhroa uftua boghauahf dhio phrh ghfsoh uftua lefioso whatu guhfi bhf lerhsh ieldorh senhrh mhto bhf poaorhffyh. Pjgh bhf letjbe terhpo sefo bhghl psoajgjio yhfi deriufh bhghl leghtom lefthg. 5. Re Rerh rhpo po Derl Derlho hof f Redha Redha „ tedh tedhahf ahf ^htu ghio perlhofhf yhfi bhpht boghauahf phrh ghfsoh yhotu befihf derlhof tedha „  tedhahf. Perlhofhf ofo nuaup hsyoa bhf kuih lefhfthfi, phrh ghfsoh mhrus lefedha hph yhfi lefkhbo tedhahffyh. Perlhofhf ofo bhpht lefofiahtahf bhyh ofiht, leljro, kuih lefkhih perhshhf lefkhbo gedom tefhfi bhf kuih htrhatoc. Rukuhf ghof hihr ghfso kuih lefkhbo gedom seihr uftua derghtom lefiofiht bhf deghkhr  uftua lefieguhrahf easpreso yhfi hbh bopoaorhf kuih mhtofyh. Thihl bhf lhnhl „  lhnhl terhpo bhghl psoajgjio yhfi eceatoc bhf lefyefhfiahf. 3. Rer Rerhpo hpo Deg Deghk hkhr  hr  Deroaut ofo njftjm terhpo ajifotoc phbh ghfsoh ghoffyh yhotu befihf terhpo deghkhr, hbh  dhfyha nhrh uftua boghauahf seperto deghkhr lefiihldhr, deghkhr lefierkhahf seduhm  pjgh, deghkhr lefierkhahf peaerkhhf rulhm bhf ghof sedhihofyh. Nhrh ofo nuaup eceatoc  uftua lefimoghfiahf rhsh kefum, djshf bhf kuih lefioso whatu guhfi phrh ghfsoh gedom hatoc hat oc bhf kuih kuih derlhf derlhfchh chht. t. Aeiohth Aeiohthf f ofo bhpht bhpht leghto leghtom m phrh phrh ghfsoh ghfsoh leghto leghtom m eljso eljso,,  perhshhf, mhto bhf kuih poaorhf gedom cjaus bhf kuih terhrhm. Njftjm bhghl aeiohthf bhf terhpo uftua aesemhthf lefthg.

9

 

DHD OOO PEFURUP

H. Ae Aeso solp lpug ughf hf ^hht lefuh, terbhpht pefurufhf cufiso phbh ghfsoh, ghfsoh, terlhsua cufiso ajifotocfyh. Bolefs Bol efsoo ajifot ajifotoc oc yhfi yhfi bhpht bhpht lefihg lefihghlo hlo pefuru pefurufhf fhf cufiso cufiso shht shht lefuh lefuh hbhghm hbhghm aenephthf serth aetephthf bhro prjses derpoaor yhfi derahothf befihf pefiiufhhf  phfnh ofberh, htefso, leljro ljtjroa serth vosuhg, cufiso peldebhhf, perdhfbofihf, bhf ahteijroshso. ahteijroshso. Ghfsoh hahf lefihghlo pefurufhf kuih bhghl lelpeghkhro mhgmhg dhru. Belefsoh leruphahf kefos pefyhaot ihfiiuhf jtha. ^eg-seg jtha hahf lhto senhrh  derthmhp seorofi befihf derthldhmfyh usoh. Fhluf, seg-seg jtha pefberoth belefsoh hahf lhto befihf nepht bhf vjgule jtha lereah hahf lefyusut, lefyusut, lefyedhdahf aerushahf aerushahf phrhm termhbhp cufiso jtha. Phsoef pefberoth belefsoh duahf shkh dosh lefkhbo peguph, tethpo kuih lelogoao lhshghm befihf pelhmhlhf, dhmhsh, peldeghkhrhf, permotufihf, bhf pefoghohf. Aeprod Aep rodhbo hbohf hf bhf perogh peroghau au lereah lereah kuih kuih dosh dosh derudh derudhm. m. Rerbhp Rerbhpht ht derdhih derdhihoo ushmh ushmh uftua  uftua  lefofiahtahf lefof iahtahf ajifotoc ajifotoc ghfsoh ghfsoh seperto terhpo befihf puzzge, puzzge, terhpo teah teao, terhpo derlhof nhtur bsd.

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BHCRHT PU^RHAH Bkhkhshputrh, H. B. T., & Mhgol, L. ^. (408?). Cufiso Ajifotoc Ghfsoh yhfi Derhatovoths Ajifotoc senhrh Tutof bhf Robha Tutof. Kurfhg Tutof.  Kurfhg Psoajgjio, Psoajgjio, 23 (4), (4), =5. mttps;//bjo.jri/80.44823/kpso.>>8?4 Kjmh Kjmhfs fssj sjf, f, L. (4 (408 085) 5).. Nji Njifot fotove ove olphor olphorlef leftt hfb ot otss njfseq njfsequef uefnes nes of everybh everybhy y go goce ce (Leb (L ebonh onhgg Boss Bosser erth thtoj tojf) f).. Chnu Chnugt gty y jc Mehg Mehgtm tm ^noe ^noefn fnes es,, Go Gofa fajp jpof ofi i Ufov Ufover erso soty ty,, Gofajpofi, ^webef ^hftrjn ^hf trjna, a, K. Y. (4088). (4088).  Gove-sphf bevegjpleft . Rmorteeftm ebotojf. Few _jra; LnIrhwMogg

Aelefterohf Aesemhthf Tepudgoa Ofbjfesoh. (4083). ^otuhso ghfkut usoh bo Ofbjfesoh. Khahrth, Ofbjfesoh; Pusht Bhth bhf Ofcjrlhso. Yreasjhtlhkh, D. T. (4085). Hatovoths ajifotoc lelefihrumo cufiso ajifotoc ghfkut usoh bo Khahrth. NBA , 24(8), 9„8>.

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