Makalah Kelompok KB Dan Kespro

 

EDID@DL

JQN]NJD@ ]LNBINBH, J@NBNJD@ OWMHGEGB] MDB MDB [QCA@GE   [QCA@GE   ZC@VNBH  MD@DE  MD@DE [G@D^DBDB IGANMDBDB IGZGLD]DB QG[QCMWIZN MDB IG@WDQHD AGQGBJDBD MnsusubHubdEgegbuln]uhds MnsusubHubdE gegbuln]uhds Edtd Iu`ndl Dsiga IA & Igsprc Mcsgb[gbhdepu ? Mydl Xnmnydstutn, ZZ],E.Iga

Mnsusub C`gl ? Fntrnydbtn

[1;61==4>;44

Znbh nbhhnl hnl Bcvni cvnid d Fntr ntrndbn ndbn

[1;61= ;61==4 =4>; >;: :;

Zntn Dnsydl

[1;61==4>;:4

IGEGB]GQNDB IGZGLD]DB QG[WA@NI NBMCBGZND [C@N]GIBNI IGZGLD]DB ]DZNIED@D^D ]DZNIED@D^D OWQWZDB IGANMDBDB [QCHDE Z]WMN ZDQODBD ]GQD[DB IGANMDBDB JNQGACB OD@DB [GEWMD BC.:< JNQGACB 1;1;/1;14

 

ID]D [GBHDB]DQ 

Dssd`deu'd`dniue wr.wa

[uon mdb syuiur iden pdbodtidb pdmd D``dl ZX], idrgbd agridt rdledt, lnmdydl mdb rnzin igsgldtdb ydbh Nd agrnidb igpdmd iden sglnbhhd iden sgadhdn tne pgbyusub edid`dl mdpdt egbyg`gsdnidb edid`dl nbn tgpdt pdmd wditubyd. Edid`dl nbn mnsusub mgbhdb tuoudb utded egegbuln tuhds edtd iu`ndl Dsuld Dsu ldb b Ig Igan anmd mdbd bdb b IA md mdb b Ig Igsp sprc rc md mdb b ou ouhd hd ub ubtu tui i eg egbd bdea eadl dl wd wdwd wdsd sdb b  pgbyusub edid`dl sgadhdn edldsnswd [c`tgiigs ]dsnied`dyd [rchrde Ztumn Zdrodbd ]grdpdb Iganmdbdb Jnrgacb. Edid`dl nbn edsnl odul mdrn idtd sgepurbd, c`gl idrgbd ntu iden agrldrdp egbmdpdt egbmdp dt irn irntni tni mdb sdrd sdrdb b ydb ydbh h ege egeadb adbhub hub ubtui ubtui edid`dl iden igmgpdbbyd.

pgradn pgr adnidb idb pgbyusu pgbyusubdb bdb

Mgenindb ydbh mdpdt mnsdepdnidb c`gl iden, dtds igiurdbhdbbyd iden egeclcb eddf ydbh sgagsdr-agsdrbyd.

Jnrgacb, ;> Fgarudrn 1;4>

[gbyusub

 

MDF]DQ NZN

ID]D [GBHDB]DQ............................ [GBHDB]DQ.................................................. ............................................ .....................................................n ...............................n MDF]DQ NZN................................. NZN....................................................... ............................................ ..............................................................nn ........................................nn ADA N ? [GBMDLW@WDB

Ag`didbh......................................................... ............................................ ...............................................4 .........................4 D. @dtdr Ag`didbh................................... Edsd`dl............................................................... ............................................ ....................................1 ..............1 A. Queusdb Edsd`dl......................................... J. ]uoudb............. ]uoudb................................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ...................................... ................1 1 ADA NN ? [GEADLDZDB

D. Jrntnjd` ]lnbinbh  (Agrpninr  (Agrpninr Irntns).........................................................................: A. Jrntnjd` Oumhgegbt  ([gbn`dndb  ([gbn`dndb I`nbns)....................................................................6 J. [rca`ge Zc`vnbh ([gegjdldb Edsd`l).............................................. Edsd`l)...................................................................8 .....................8 M. [g [gbg bgrd rdpd pdb b Jrntnjd` ]lnbhinbh, J`nbnjd` Oumhgegb, [rca`ge Zc`vnbh  Md`de  Md`de Dsuldb Igsgldtdb Qgprcmuisn Mdb Ig`udrhd Agrgbjdbd..................... Agrgbjdbd ......................................> .................> ADA NNN ? [GBW]W[

D. Znepu`db................................... Znepu`db......................................................... ............................................ .......................................................47 .................................47

Mdftdr [ustdid

 

ADA N [GBMDLW@WDB

D. @dtd @dtdrr Ag` Ag`di didb dbh h

Mn md`de rdbhid rdbhid egburub egburubidb idb Dbhid Dbhid Igedtndb Igedtndb Nau (DIN) mdb Dbhid Dbh id Igedtn Igedtndb db Adyn Adyn (DIA) (DIA) mnautu mnautulid lidb b pg`dyd pg`dydbdb bdb igsgld igsgldtdb tdb ydbh ydbh  agriud`ntds sd`dl sdtubyd ydntu pg`dydbdb igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb  pg`dydbdb ig`udrhd agrgbjdbd. Idrgbd mgbhdb egbnbhidtidb pg`dydbdb ig`udr ig` udrhd hd agrgbj agrgbjdbd dbd didb didb egbhur egbhurdbh dbhnn pgbyga pgbygada da DIN ydbh ydbh mnsgad mnsgadaid aidb b idrgbd = tgr`d`u mdb : tgr`deadt ydntu sd`dl sdtubyd idrgbd tgr`d`u sgrnbh eg`dlnridb mdb tgr`d`u mgidt odrdi dbdi ansd egenju tgrodmnbyd DIN. Igsgl Ig sgldt dtdb db rgprc rgprccm cmui uisn sn dm dmd` d`dl dl sudt sudtu u ig igdm dmddb ddb sg sgod odlt ltgrd grd fnsni fnsni,, egbtd`, mdb scsnd` sgjdrd utul tnmdi sgedtd-edtd agads mdrn pgbydint dtdu igjdjdtdb md`de sudtu ydbh agridntdb mgbhdb systge rgprcmuisn, fubhsn mdb prcsgsbyd (XLC). IA egrupdidb egrupdidb ighndtdb egeadbtu nbmnvnmu dtdu  pdsdbhdb suden nstrn ubtui egbhlnbmdrn ig`dlnrdb ydbh tnmdi mnnbhnbidb, egbmdpdt ig`dlnrdb ydbh egedbh mnnbhnbidb, egbhdtur nbtgrvd` mndbtdrd ig`dlnrdb (Ldrtcbc, 1;;=? 18) [n`dr sgcrdbh anmdb ydbh tgrmdpdt pdmd igrdbhid igrod egburut NJE (1;47) dmd`dl pgbhgtdludb, igdl`ndb md`de eg`disdbdidb pg`dydbdb dsuldb igpdmd adyn adru `dlnr, wdbntd, ig`udrhd sgpdbodbh iglnmupdbbyd. [gbhgt [gb hgtdlu dludb db ydbh ydbh dmd ansd ansd egbodm egbodmnn pcbmdsn pcbmdsn ubtui ubtui eg`diu eg`diuidb idb sudtu sudtu igdl`ndb onid mn`diuidb sgsudn tuoudb mdb sgtndp agrtnbmdi ldrus mnnrnbhn mgbhdb agrpninr irntns mgbhdb egbodwda sgtndp pgrtdbyddb ‐egbhdpd― mdb ‐igbdpd― sddt agrtnbmdi, sg`dnb ntu edepu egeagrnidb pgbn`dndb i`nbns mgbhdb adni sgrtd egeagrnidb pgegjdldb ydbh tgpdt agrmdsdridb mdtd nbfcredsn ydbh mnmdpdtidb. Md`de mubnd iganmdbdb sg`dnb mn autulidb igedepudb agrfninr  irntns mnldrdpidb ouhd egen`nin igedepudb md`de pgbyg`gsdndb sgeud edsd ed sd`dl `dl (p (prc rca` a`ge ge sc sc`v `vnb nbh) h) yd ydbh bh tg tgro rodm dmnn tg tgru rutd tded ed md md`d `de e ig igsgl sgldtd dtdb b rgpr rgprcm cmui uisn sn mdb mdb IA IA.. Mn adwd adwdl l nb nbnn mn mnog og`d `dsi sidb db sg sgjd jdrd rd rnbj rnbjnn tg tgbt btdb dbh h

 

 pgbhgrtndb jrntnjd` tlnbhinbh, j`nbnjd` oumhgegb mdb prca`ge sc`vnbh md`de dsuldb igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb IA.

A. Queu Queusd sdb b Eds Edsd` d`dl dl 4. [gbh [gbhgr grtn tndb db Jrntnjd` ]lnbinbh, J`nbnjd` Oumhgegbt  mdb [rca`ge  mdb [rca`ge Zc`vnbh 3

1. Adhdn dhdned edb bd pgb gbgr grdp dpdb db Jrn Jrntnj tnjd` d` ]lnbin ]lnbinbh, bh, J`nbnj J`nbnjd` d` Oumhge Oumhgegbt  gbt   mdb  [rca`ge Zc`vnbh  md`de   md`de pg`dydbdb iganmdbdb igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb Ig`udrhd Agrgbjdbd3

J. ]uoudb

4. Wbtu Wbtui i egbhgt egbhgtdl dlun un Jrntnjd` ]lnbinbh, J`nbnjd` Oumhgegbt mdb mdb [rca`ge  [rca`ge Zc`vnbh . 1. Wbtu Wbtui i egbh egbhgt gtdl dlun un pgbgrd pgbgrdpd pdb b Jrntnj Jrntnjd` d` ]lnbinbh, ]lnbinbh, J`nbnjd` J`nbnjd` Oumhgegbt  Oumhgegbt  mdb [rca`ge mdb  [rca`ge Zc`vnbh  md`de   md`de pg`dydbdb iganmdbdb igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb Ig`udrhd Agrgbjdbd.

 

ADA NN ]NBODWDB [WZ]DID

D. Jrntnjd` Jrntnjd` ]lnbin ]lnbinbh bh (Agrpn (Agrpninr inr Irntns) Irntns)

Agrp Ag rpni ninr nr ir irnt ntns ns dm dmd` d`dl dl jdrd jdrd ag agrp rpni ninr nr tg tgbt btdb dbh h suao suaogi gi,, ic icbt btgb gb,, dt dtdu du edsd`dl ydbh mn`diuidb c`gl pgeninr sgjdrd ditnf mdb tgrdepn` sgjdrd icbsgpt icb sgptud` ud` mdb egedisd egedisdidb idb stdbmd stdbmdrr ydbh ydbh tnbhhn tnbhhn dtds dtds nbtg`g nbtg`gitu itud`nt d`ntds ds egrgid. Mdpdt ouhd mndrtnidb sgadhdn prcsgs agrfninr sgjdrd ditnf md`de egbgrdpidb, egbhdbd`nsns, egbsnbtgsns, mdb egbhgvd`udsn nbfcredsn ydbh mniuepu`idb mdb dtdu mnldsn`idb eg`d`un casgrvdsn, pgbhd`dedb, rgf`gisn,  pgbd`drdb, dtdu iceubnidsn, sgadhdn djudb md`de egydinbn sudtu icbsgp mdb dtdu md`de eg`diuidb tnbmdidb. Md`de pg`disdbddbbyd, ld` nbn mnmdsdridb pdmd bn`dn-bn`dn ubnvgrsd` nbtg`gitud` ydbh eg`depdun jdadbh sudtu n`eu ydbh eg`nputn? igog`dsdb, diurdsn diu rdsn,, prgsnsn prgsnsn,, icbsnst icbsnstgbs gbsn, n, rg`gvd rg`gvdbsn bsn,, auitn auitn sudrd, sudrd, d`dsdb d`dsdb ydbh ydbh adni, adni, igmd`dedb, igmd` dedb, `udsbyd n`eu, n`eu, mdb igdmn`db.Mg igdmn`db.Mgbhdb bhdb dmdbyd prcsgs agrfninr  irntns mnldrdpidb mdpdt? 4. Egb Egbnea neau`i u`idb db pgrtdb pgrtdbydd yddb b pgbtnb pgbtnbh h tgridnt tgridnt tcpni/ tcpni/eds edsd`dl d`dl ydbh ydbh sgmdbh sgmdbh mnfninridb, igeumndb mdpdt egrueusidb edsd`dl mgbhdb og`ds mdb tgpdt 1. Egbhuepu`i Egbhuepu`idb db mdb egbn`dn nbfcredsn nbfcredsn ydbh rg`gvdb, rg`gvdb, egbhhubdidb egbhhubdidb nmgnmg dastrdi ubtui egbdfsnridb sgjdrd gfgitnf tgridnt igsnepu`db ydbh  agrd`dsdb mdb sc`usn pgegjdldb edsd`dl, egbhuon d`tgrbdtnf pgegjdldb edsd`dl tgrldmdp irntgrnd mdb stdbmdr ydbh rg`gvdb :. Agrpninr Agrpninr tgrauid tgrauid md`de snstge pgeninrdb pgeninrdb d`tgrbdtnf, d`tgrbdtnf, edepu egbhdiun egbhdiun mdb egbn`dn sgtndp pgredsd`dldb mgbhdb dsuesn ydbh agrd`dsdb, mdpdt egbneau`idb nep`nidsn, mdb icbsgiugbsn prditns =. Agr Agrice iceubn ubnids idsnn sgjdrd sgjdrd gfgitnf gfgitnf mgbhdb mgbhdb crdbh `dnb md`de md`de egbjdrn egbjdrn tdlu sc`usn ubtui edsd`dl ydbh icep`gis. [rcsgs [rc sgs agrfni agrfninr nr irntns irntns egegr`u egegr`uidb idb iceubn iceubnidsn idsn ydbh ydbh gfgitn gfgitnff mdb igedepudb pgegjdldb edsd`dl sgrtd icentegb ubtui egbhdtdsn snidp ghcns mdb tgrtutup, mgbhdb prcsgmur?

 

4. Egbhgbd`n Egbhgbd`n edsd`dl ubtui ubtui egbgeu egbgeuidb idb jdrd-jdrd ydbh ansd ansd mntgrdpidb mntgrdpidb hubd egegjdlidb edsd`dl tgrsgaut 1. Egedlden Egedlden pgbtnbhbyd pgbtnbhbyd prncrntds prncrntds mdb urutdb prncrntds prncrntds md`de pgegjdldb pgegjdldb edsd`dl :. Egbhuepu`i Egbhuepu`idb db mdb egbyusub egbyusub nbfcredsn nbfcredsn ydbh tgridnt (rg`gvdb) (rg`gvdb) =. Egbhgbd`n Egbhgbd`n dsuesn dsuesn ydbh tdi tgrtu`n tgrtu`nss mdb bn`dn-bn`dn bn`dn-bn`dn 7. Egedlden Egedlden mdb egbhhubd egbhhubdidb idb adldsd mgbhdb mgbhdb diurdt, diurdt, og`ds, mdb tdode tdode 6. Egb Egbdfsn dfsnrid ridb b mdtd mdtd ubtui ubtui egbn`d egbn`dnn auitn auitn mdb egbhgvd` egbhgvd`uds udsnn drhueg drhuegbt/ bt/  pgbmdpdt 8. Egbydmdrn Egbydmdrn igagrdmddb igagrdmddb luaubhdb luaubhdb `chns `chns dbtdrd prcpcsnsn prcpcsnsn . Egbhuon Egbhuon igsnepu`db igsnepu`db mdb mdb hgbgrd`nsds hgbgrd`nsdsnn edsd`dl 4;. 4;. Egrgic Egrgicbst bstrui ruisn sn pc`d pc`d ydbh ydbh tg`dl tg`dl mnydin mnydinbn bn dtds mdsdr pgbhd`de pgbhd`dedb db ydbh ydbh `ganl `uds 44. Egeagrnidb Egeagrnidb pgbn`dndb pgbn`dndb ydbh ydbh diurdt tgbtdbh tgbtdbh ld`-ld` ld`-ld` tgrtgbtu mdb iud`ntds iud`ntds md`de iglnmupdb sgldrn-ldrn. Znbhid Znb hidtby tbyd, d, tnhd tnhd iubjn iubjn utded utded ubtui ubtui mdpdt mdpdt agrfni agrfninr nr irntns irntns?? QGM QGM (Qgjchbnzg dssueptncbs, Gvd`udtg drhuegbts mdb Mrdw jcbj`usncbs) 5 egbhgbd`n edsd`dl, egbn`dn agagrdpd pgbmdpdt, mdb egbdrni igsnepu`db. Md`de egbynepu`idb ldsn` pgeninrdb irntns, mnpgr`uidb updyd hnhnl ubtui  egeg eg egrn rnis isdd

sg sgtn tndp dp

igyd igydin inbd bdb b

dtdu dtdu

pg pged edld lded edb b

di didb db

pg pgbh bhgt gtdl dlud udb b

 agrmdsdridb muiubhdb auitn n`endl (gvnmgbjg adsgm) ydbh egbmuiubh igjgbmgrubhdb pgbhdean`db igsnepu`db tgrsgaut. [rcsgs [rc sgs agrfni agrfninr nr irntns irntns egrup egrupdid didb b igrdbh igrdbhid id md mdsdr sdr anmdb anmdb md`de md`de egeagr ege agrnid nidb b dsuldb dsuldb iganmd iganmdbdb bdb,, md`de md`de anbhid anbhidnn edbdoge edbdogegb gb iganmd iganmdbdb bdb.. Zglnbh Zgl nbhhd, hd, dpdan` dpdan`dd anmdb anmdb egeagr egeagrnid nidb b dsuldb dsuldb iganmd iganmdbdb bdb igpdmd igpdmd i`ngb i`ngb mg mgbh bhdb db

egbg egbgrdp rdpid idb b

pr prnb nbsn snpp-pr prnb nbsnp snp

edbd edbdog ogeg egb b

ig igan anmd mdbd bdb b

mg mgbh bhdb db

snstged snst gedtns tns mdb tgrpc` tgrpc`d, d, edid edid anmdb anmdb tgrsga tgrsgaut ut tg`dl tg`dl egbgrdp egbgrdpidb idb prcsgs prcsgs  agrfninr irntns. Zgcrdbh anmdb ydbh prcfgsncbd` ldrus egen`nin idrditgrnstni md`de  agrpninr irntns. Ld` nbn eg`nputn sgcrdbh anmdb edepu egepgrtneadbhidb

 

sgsudtu sgsudn mgbhdb d`dsdb ydbh rdsncbd` mdb `chns, agrsnfdt rgf`gitnf, edepu ede pu egbhdb egbhdbd`ns d`nsd, d, egbsnb egbsnbtgs tgsns, ns, egbhgv egbhgvd`u d`udsn dsn au auitn itn-au -auitn itn ydbh ydbh dmd tgridnt edsd`dl ydbh didb mnpgjdlidb, egen`nin igedepudb pgegjdldb edsd`dl ( prca`ge  prca`ge sc`vnbh )).. Jdrd ubtui egbnbhidtidb igedepudb agrfninr irntns mndbtdrdbyd? d. Egeadj Egeadjdd mgbhdb mgbhdb irntns. irntns. Wbtui Wbtui agrfnin agrfninrr sgjdrd sgjdrd irntns, irntns, sgcrdbh sgcrdbh prcfgsn prcfgsn  anmdb ldrus ansd egeadjd mgbhdb irntns pu`d. sgeud nbfcredsn ydbh mnmd mnmdpd pdti tidb db md mdrn rn ag agra radh dhdn dn su suea eagr gr ld ldru russ mn mnpn pnin inri ridb db sg sgjdr jdrdd ir irnt ntns, ns, mnsgsudnidb mgbhdb icbmnsn i`ngb mnsddt egeagrnidb sudtu dsuldb. Egeadjd irntns agrdrtn egrupdidb igtgrdepn`db-igtgrdepn`db agrfninr  irntns sgpgrtn sgpgrtn egbhdedtn, egbhdedtn, egbhluau egbhluaubhidb bhidb tgis mgbhdb mgbhdb icbtgisby icbtgisbyd, d, egbhgv egb hgvd`u d`udsn dsn tgis tgis mdrn mdrn `chnid `chnid mdb irgmna irgmnan`nt n`ntdsb dsbyd, yd, egrgf`g egrgf`gisn isnidb idb idbmubhdb tgis mgbhdb pgbmdpdt sgbmnrn mdb egeadbmnbhidb tgis ydbh sdtu mgbhdb ydbh `dnbbyd ydbh egen`nin igtgridntdb (CW, 1;; 4>>= >=,, md md`d `de e ^dsnb ^dsnb,, 1; 1;;> ;>). ). [rca [rca`g `ge e sc`v sc`vnb nbh h yd ydnt ntu u sudt sudtu u  pgbmgidtdb mgbhdb jdrd nmgbtnfnidsn prca`ge ubtui mn`dboutidb igtdldp snbtgsnss igeumndb snbtgsn igeumndb mndbd`nsns mndbd`nsns mgbhdb mgbhdb pgen`dldb pgen`dldb sg`urul sg`urul edsd`dl edsd`dl sglnbhhd sglnbhhd egbj eg bjdp dpdn dn tdldp tdldp dp dp`n `nid idsn sn sg sg`do `dout utby bydd pd pdmd md tdldp tdldp ic icep eprg rglg lgbs bsnf nf ub ubtu tui  i  egbmdpdtidb sc`utncb md`de pgbyg`gsdndb edsd`dl tgrsgaut. [gbmdpdt `dnb  prca`ge sc`vnbh dmd`dl sudtu pgbmgidtdb 7 mnedbd `dbhidl-`dbhidl  agrniutbyd sdepdn pgbyg`gsdndb dilnr `ganl agrsnfdt agrsnfd t iudbtntdtnf ydbh ueue sgmdbhidb `dbhidl-`dbhidl agrniutbyd sdepdn mgbhdb pgbyg`gsdndb dilnr  `ganl agrsnfdt iudbtntdtnf mdb spgsnfni (md`de ^dsnb, 1;;>).

 

Zgmd Zgmdbh bhid idb b Gmwd Gmwdrm rm (1 (1;; ;;8) 8) egbo egbog` g`dsi dsidb db ad adlw lwdd pr prca ca`g `ge e sc`v sc`vnb nbh h egru eg rupd pdid idb b sudt sudtu u pr prc csg sgss ichb ichbnt ntnf nf yd ydbh bh mn mntg tgrd rdpi pidb db sd sddt dt egbh egbhdt dtds dsnn  pgredsd`dldb ubtui egrdnl sudtu tuoudb. Odmn prca`ge sc`vnbh dmd`dl  prcsgs ichbntnf ydbh agrfubhsn ubtui egbgeuidb mdb egegjdlidb edsd`dl eds d`dl eg`d`u eg`d`unn prcsgs prcsgs snbtgsn snbtgsns, s, dbd`ns dbd`nsns ns mdb agrsnfd agrsnfdtt ic icepr eprglg glgbsn bsnf. f. Agrpni Agr pninr nr egegjdl egegjdlidb idb edsd`d edsd`dl l mdb egbhld egbhldsn`i sn`idb db sgsudtu sgsudtu ydbh ydbh adru adru dmd`dl ighndtdb ydbh icep`gis mdb agrluaubhdb grdt sdtu mgbhdb ydbh `dnb. Zudtu edsd`dl ueuebyd tnmdi mdpdt mnpgjdlidb mnpgjdlidb tdbpd agrpninr, mdb  adbydi edsd`dl egegr`uidb pgegjdldb ydbh adru adhn crdbh-crdbh dtdu ig`cep ig` cepci. ci. Zgad`n Zgad`niby ibyd, d, egbhld egbhldsn` sn`idb idb sgsudt sgsudtu u (agbmd (agbmd-ag -agbmd bmd,, hdhdsdb hdhdsdb-hdhdsdb) ydbh adru adhn sgsgcrdbh, egbjnptdidb sgsudtu, ntu egbjdiup  prca`ge sc`vnbh. Nbn agrdrtn nbfcredsn fditd mdb icbsgp-icbsgp ntu  pgbtnbh. Zgpgrtn tg`dl intd igtdlun, pgbhudsddb nbfcredsn ntu pgr`u ubtui  egepgr ege pgrc`g c`gl l icbsgp icbsgp99 igmudb igmudbyd yd ntu ldrus ldrus mnnbhd mnnbhdtt mdb mnpgrtn mnpgrtnea eadbh dbhidb idb md`de prca`ge sc`vnbh mdb pgraudtdb irgdtnf. Aghntu pu`d pgrigeadbhdb nbtg`gitud` sdbhdt pgbtnbh md`de prca`ge sc`vnbh(Z`degtc,4>>; ? 4:>). Mgbhdb Mgb hdb mgenin mgenindb db prca`g prca`ge e sc`vnb sc`vnbh h egrupd egrupdidb idb sudtu sudtu prcsgs prcsgs tdrdf tdrdf ydbh ydbh mn`d`unn mgbhdb mn`d`u mgbhdb jdrd egedlden egedlden sgoue`dl sgoue`dl pgbhgtdlud pgbhgtdludb b mdb igtrdepn`db igtrdepn`db igrod mdb egrupdidb ldsn` ydbh mnjdpdn nbmnvnmu sgtg`dl nbmnvnmu ydbh  agrsdbhiutdb egbhd`den sudtu prcsgs ag`dodr prca`ge sc`vnbh ydbh mndodr mnd odridb idb sudtu sudtu pgbhgt pgbhgtdlu dludd tgrtgb tgrtgbtu. tu. Mgbhdb Mgbhdb prca`g prca`ge e sc`vnb sc`vnbh h sudtu sudtu edsd`dl didb egepubydn adbydi sc`usn mdb igsnepu`db ydbh mndean` `ganl rgd`nstni (@dwscb, 4>>4, md`de ^dsnb, 1;;>. ^dsnb ^dsn b (1;;>) (1;;>) agrpgb agrpgbmdp mdpdt dt adlwd adlwd dmd tnhd tnhd `dbhi `dbhidl dl ubtui ubtui prca`g prca`ge e sc`vnbh, ydntu? egbhnmgbtnfnidsn edsd`dl, egbgbtuidb sueagr mdb didr  edsd`dl, mdb egbjdrn sc`usn ydbh gfgitnf mdb gfnsngb. Dmdpub `dbhidl`dbhid `db hidl l `dnb ydntu egburu egburutt icbsgp icbsgp Mgwgy Mgwgy (md`de (md`de ^dsnb, ^dsnb, 1;;>) 1;;>) ydbh ydbh egbodmnidb agrpninr sgadhdn mdsdr ubtui prca`ge sc`vnbh dmd`dl sgadhdn  agrniut? 4.

Dmdb Dmdby yd igsu igsu`n `ntd tdb b ydbh dbh mnrd mnrdsd sdid idb b dt dtdu du igs gsdm dmdr drdb db di didb db dm dmdb dby yd edsd`dl.

 

1.

Edsd` Edsd`dl dl ntu ntu mnp mnpgr grog` og`ds ds mdb mdb mna mnadt dtdsn dsn..

:.

Egbj Egbjdr drnn nb nbfc fcre redsn dsn dtdu dtdu md mdtd td md mdb b ig igeu eumn mndb db mdtd ntu mncrhd mncrhdbn bnsds sdsni nidb db dtdu mni`dsnfnidsnidb.

=.

Egbj Egbjdr drnn lu luau aubh bhdb db-l -lua uaub ubhd hdb b ubtu ubtui i egru egrueu eusi sidb db ln lnpc pctg tgsdsd-ln lnpc pctg tgsd sd igeumndb lnpctgsd-lnpctgsd mnbn`dn, mnuon dhdr mdpdt mntgbtuidb ubtui  mntgrned dtdu mntc`di.

7.

[g [gbg bgrd rdpd pdb b pgeg pgegjd jdld ldb b tgrl tgrldm dmdp dp edsd edsd`d `dl l yd ydbh bh mn mnld ldmd mdpn pn sg sgid id`n `nhu huss  agr`diu sgadhdn s gadhdn pgbhuondb igagbdrdb pgegjdldb tgrsgaut ubtui mdpdt sdepdn igpdmd igsnepu`db. @dbhidl-`dbhidl md`de prca`ge sc`vnbh nbn tnmdi sg`d`u egbhniutn

urutdb ydbh tgrdtur, eg`dnbidb mdpdt eg`cbjdt eg`cbjdt dbtdrd edjdeedjde `dbhidl tgrsgaut, `ganl-`ganl dpdan`d crdbh agrusdld egegjdlidb edsd`dl ydbh icep`gis. Xn``ndesmdb Xn``nd esmdb Jdrgy(1;;: Jdrgy(1;;:)) egbog`dsidb egbog`dsidb dmd gbde `dbhidl `dbhidl prca`ge prca`ge sc`vnbh sc`vn bh ydntu? ydntu? nmgbtnfnidsn nmgbtnfnidsn edsd`dl, egbjdrn egbjdrn nbfcredsn nbfcredsn mdb egbgtdpidb egbgtdpidb tuoudb, egbgeuidb agradhdn ditgrbdtnf sc`usn, egen`nl sc`usn, egbyndpidb  pg`disdbddb sc`usn ydbh mnpn`nl, mdb egbhgvd`usn mdb egrgvnsnsc`usn. Odmn  prcsgs prca`ge sc`vnbh mneu`dn mdrn egbhnmgbtnfnidsn edsd`dl tgr`ganl mdlu`u, mn`dboutidb egbjdrn pgbygada eubju`byd edsd`dl mdb mndilnrn mgbhdb mgbhd b egbjdrn egbjdrn agradhdn agradhdn d`tgrbdtnf d`tgrbdtnf sc`usn ydbh mdpdt mnhubdidb mnhubdidb ubtui  egbyg`gsdnidb edsd`dl. Dmd agagrd agagrdpd pd ld` ydbh ydbh egepgb egepgbhdr hdruln uln prca`g prca`ge e sc`vnb sc`vnbh, h, sgpgrtn sgpgrtn?? ectnvdsn, igpgrjdyddb mdb snidp ydbh sd`dl, igandsddb mdb gecsn(Qdledt (1;;4). (1;;4 ). Dl`n ydbh `dnb agrpgbmdpdt agrpgbmdpdt adlwd prca`ge sc`vnbhmnpg sc`vnbhmnpgbhdru bhdruln ln igedepudb ichbntnf dtdu igjgrmdsdb (Qdledt, 1;;4mdb Zlgry`, 1;41).

M. [gbgrdpdb Jrnt Jrntnjd` njd` ]lnbhinbh ]lnbhinbh,, J`nbnjd` J`nbnjd` Oumhgeg Oumhgegb, b, [rca`ge [rca`ge Zc`vnbh  Zc`vnbh  Md`de Dsuldb Igsgldtdb Qgprcmuisn Mdb Ig`udrhd Agrgbjdbd.

[gbgrdp [gb grdpdb db agrfni agrfninr nr irntns irntns,, pgbn`d pgbn`dndb ndb i`nbns i`nbns mdb pgegjd pgegjdldb ldb edsd`dl edsd`dl tgrtudbhmd` tgrtud bhmd`de de edbdogegb edbdogegb iganmdbdb. iganmdbdb. Md`de pg`disdbddb pg`disdbddbyd yd mn`diuidb mn`diuidb mgbhdbegbhhhubdidb mgbhdbegbhhhubdi db ZCD[ dtdu 8 `dbhidl Vdrbgy ydbh eg`nputn ?

 

d. @db @dbhid hidl l N ? [gbhid [gbhidond ondb b [gbhid [gb hidond ondb[d b[dmd md `dbhid `dbhidl l nbn anmdb anmdb egbhue egbhuepu` pu`idb idb sgeud sgeud nbfcre nbfcredsn dsn ydbh ydb h diurdt diurdt mdb`gb mdb`gbhid hidp p mdrn mdrn sgeud sgeud sueagr sueagr ydbh ydbh agridn agridntdb tdb mgbhdb mgbhdb icbmnsn i`ngb agridntdbmgbhdb edsd`dl igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb IA, ubtui egepgrc`gl mdtd mdpdtmn`diuidb mgbhdb jdrd? 4. Dbde Dbdebg bgsd sd 1. [gegrnisddb [gegrnisddb fnsni sgsudn sgsudn mgbhdb igautuld igautuldb b mdb pgegrnisddb pgegrnisddb tdbmdtdbmd vntd` :. [gegrn [gegrnisdd isddb b ilusu ilususs =. [gegrn [gegrnisdd isddb b pgbubodb pgbubodbh h An An`d `d i`ng i`ngb b egbh egbhd` d`den den ic icep ep`n `nid idsn sn yd ydbh bh pg pgr` r`u u mn ic icbs bsu` u`td tdsni snidb db igpdmdmcitgr md`de pgbdtd`disdbddb edid anmdb pgr`u eg`diuidb icbsu`tdsn icbsu` tdsn dtduic` dtduic`dac dacrdsn rdsn mgbhdb mgbhdb mcitgr mcitgr.. ]dldp ]dldp nbn egrup egrupdid didb b `dbhidl dwd` ydbh didbegbgbtuidb `dbhidl agrniutbyd, sglnbhhd ig`g ig`gbh bhid idpd pdb b mdtd mdtd sg sgsu sudn dn mg mgbh bhdb dbid idsu suss yd ydbh bh mn ld ldmd mdpn pn di didb db egbgbtuidb prcsgs nbtgrprgtdsn ydbh agbdr dtdutnmdi md`de tdldp sg`dboutbyd, sglnbhhd md`de pgbmgidtdb nbn ldrus ydbhiceprglgbsnf  eg`nputn mdtd suaogitnf, caogitnf mdb ldsn` pgegrnisddb sglnbhhdmdpdt egbhhd egb hhdead eadrid ridb b icbmns icbmnsnn / edsuid edsuidb b i`ngb i`ngb ydbh ydbh sgagbd sgagbdrby rbydd mdb vd`nm.Idon u`dbh mdtd ydbh sumdl mn iuepu`idb dpdidl sumdl tgpdt, `gbhidp mdb diurdt.  a. @dbhidl NN? Egrueusidb Mndhbcsd/Edsd`dl Iganmdbdb Iganmd Iga nmdbdb bdb[dm [dmdd `dbhid `dbhidl l nbn nmgbtn nmgbtnfni fnidsn dsn tgrldm tgrldmdp dp mndhbc mndhbcsd sd dtdu dtdu edsd`dl agrmdsdridbnbtgrprgtdsn ydbh diurdt dtds mdtd-mdtd ydbh tg`dl mniuepu`i mniu epu`idb. db. Mdtd mdsdrydbh mdsdrydbh sumdl mniuepu`i mniuepu`idb db mnnbtgrprgtd mnnbtgrprgtdsnidb snidb sglnbh sgl nbhhd hd mdpdt mdpdt egrueu egrueusid sidbmn bmndhb dhbcsd csd mdb edsd`dl edsd`dl ydbh ydbh spgsnfn spgsnfni. i. Queusdb Queu sdb mndhbcsd mndhbcsd mdb edsd`dl igmudbydmnhub igmudbydmnhubdidb didb idrgbd idrgbd edsd`dl edsd`dl tnmdi mdpdt mnmgfnbnsni mnmgfnbnsnidb db sgpgrtn sgpgrtn mndhbcsd mndhbcsd tgtdpntgtdp tgtdpntgtdp egeautulid egeautulidb b  pgbdbhdbdb. Edsd`dl sgrnbh agridntdb mgbhdb ld`-ld`ydbh sgmdbh mnd`den wdbntd tgridnt igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn mdb IA ydbhmnnmgbtnfnidsn c`gl

anmdb

sg sgsu suddn

mgbhdb

ldsn`

pgbhidondb.

Edsd`dl

ouhd

 

sgrnbhegbygrtdn mndhbcsd. Mndhbcsd iganmdbdb dmd`dl mndhbcsd ydbh mntghd mnt ghdiid iidb b anmdb anmdb md`de md`de `nbhiu `nbhiup p prditn prditni i iganmd iganmdbdb bdb mdb egegbu egegbuln ln stdbmdr bcegbi`dtur mndhbcsd iganmdbdb. j. @dbh @dbhidl idl NNN? Egbhdbtnsnp Egbhdbtnsnpdsn dsn Mndhbcsd/Edsd` Mndhbcsd/Edsd`dl dl Iganmdbdb Iganmdbdb [dmd `dbhidl nbn egbhnmgbtnfnidsn edsd`dl pctgbsnd` dtdu mndhbcsns  pctgbsnd` agrmdsdridb mndhbcsd/edsd`dl ydbh sumdl mnnmgbtnfnidsn mdb eg`duntdldpdb agrfninr irntns mdb pgbn`dndb sgjdrd i`nbns. @dbhidl nbn egeautuli egea utulidbdbtn dbdbtnsnpdsn, snpdsn, an`d egeubhinbi egeubhinbidb db mn`diuidb mn`diuidb pgbjghdldb. pgbjghdldb. [dmd `dbhidl igtnhd nbn anmdb mntubtut ubtui edepu egbhdbtnsnpdsn edsd`dl pctgbsnd` tnmdi ldbydegrueusidb edsd`dl pctgbsnd` ydbh didb tgrodmnn tgtdpn tgrodm tgtdpn ouhd egrueusidbtnb egrueusidbtnbmdidb mdidb dbtnsnpdsn dhdr edsd`dl dtdu mndhbcsd pctgsnd` tnmdi tgrodmn. m. @dbhidl @dbhidl NV? Egbgtdpidb Egbgtdpidb Igautul Igautuldb db ]nbmdidb ]nbmdidb Zghgrd Zghgrd Egbhnm Egb hnmgbt gbtnfn nfnidsn idsn pgr`ub pgr`ubyd yd tnbmdi tnbmdidb db sghgrd sghgrd c`gl c`gl anmdb anmdb dtdu dtdu mcitgr  mcitgr  mdbdtdu ubtui mnicbsu`tdsnidb dtdu mntdbhdbn agrsded mgbhdb dbhhctd tnei tneigsg gsgld ldtdb tdb yd ydbh bh `dnb `dnb sgsud sgsudnn mg mgbh bhdb db ic icbm bmns nsnn i` i`ng ngb. b. @dbh @dbhid idl l nb nbnn egbjgrenbidbigsnbdeaubhdb mdrn prcsgs pgbdtd`disdbddb iganmdbdb. Odmn, pgbdtd`disdbddb auidb ldbyd sg`ded dsuldb prnegr pgrncmni dtdu iuboubhdb prgbdtd` sdod tgtdpn ouhd sg`ded wdbntd tgrsgaut agrsded  anmdb tgrus-egbgrus. [dmd pgbog`dsdbmndtds egbubouiidb adlwd anmdb md`d d`de

eg`diuidb

tnbmdidb

ldr dru us

sg sgsu suddnmgbhdb

prncrntds

edsd`dl/igautuldb ydbh mnldmdpn i`ngbbyd. Zgtg`dl anmdbegrueusidb tnbmdidb ydbh pgr`u mn`diuidb ubtui egbhdbtnsnpdsnmndhbcsd/edsd`dl  pctgbsnd` pdmd `dbhidl sgag`uebyd, anmdb ouhd ldrusegrueusidb tnbmdi tnb mdidb db gegrhg gegrhgbjy bjy/sg /sghgrd hgrd ubtui ubtui sghgrd sghgrd mntdbh mntdbhdbn dbn adni adni nauedu nauedupu pub b  adynbyd.

Md`de

rueusdb

nbn

tgredsui

tnbmdidb

sghgrd

ydbh

edepumn`diuidb sgjdrd edbmnrn, ic`dacrdsn dtdu ydbh agrsnfdt ruouidb. g. @dbh @dbhidl idl V? Egrgbjdb Egrgbjdbdidb didb Dsuldb Dsuldb Zgjdrd Zgjdrd Egbyg`uru Egbyg`urul l [d [dmd md

`d `dbh bhid idl l

yd ydbh bhmn mntg tgbt btui uidb db

c`gl c`gl

nbn nbn

mnrg mnrgbj bjdb dbdi didb db

`dbh `dbhid idl-` l-`db dbhi hidl dl

dsul dsuldb db

yd ydbh bh

sg sgag ag`u `ueb ebyd yd..

egby egbyg` g`ur urul ul @dbh @dbhid idl l

nb nbnn

egrupdidbig`dboutdb pgbdtd`disdbddb tgrldmdp edsd`dl dtdu mndhbcsd

 

ydbh ydbh

tg`d tg`dlt ltgr grnm nmgb gbtn tnfn fnid idsn sn

dtdu dtdu

mn mndb dbtn tnsn snpd pdsn sn

sg sgad adhd hdnn

ad adhn hndb db

md mdrn rn

 pgegjdldb edsd`dl mdb pgeagrndb sc`usn. [dmd `dbhidl nbn nbfcredsn md mdtd td yd ydbh bh tnmd tnmdi i `gbh `gbhid idp p md mdpd pdtm tmn` n`gb gbhi hidp dpn. n. Qgbj Qgbjdb dbdd dsuld dsuldb b yd ydbh bh egbyg`urul tnmdi ldbyd eg`nputn dpd-dpdydbh sumdl tgrnmgbtnfnidsn mdrn icbmnsn icbm nsn i`ngb dtdu mdrn edsd`dl edsd`dl ydbh agridntdbtgtdp agridntdbtgtdpnn ouhd mdrn irdbhid irdbhid  pgmcedb

dbtnsnpdsn

mnpgrinrdidb

didb

tgrldmdp tgr groodmn

wdbntd

tgrsgaut

agr grnniutbyd,

sgpgrtndpd

dpdidl

ydbh

mnautulidb

 pgbyu`uldbicbsg`nbh mdb dpdidl pgr`u egruoui i`ngb an`d dmd edsd`dledsd`dl ydbh agridntdb mgbhdb scsnd` gicbcen-iu`turd` dtdu edsd`dl  psnic`chn. Zgtndp rgbjdbd dsuldb ldrus`dl mnsgtuoun c`gl igmud ag`dl pnldi, ydntuc`gl anmdb mdb i`ngb dhdr mdpdt mn`disdbdidb mgbhdb gfgitnf idrgbd i`ngb ouhddidb eg`disdbdidb rgbjdbd tgrsgaut. Zgeud igputusdb ydbh mnigeadbhidbmd`de dsuldb egbyg`urul nbn ldrus rdsncbd` mdb agbdr agbdr vd`nm agrmdsdridb pgbhgtdludb mdb tgcrn ydbh up tc mdtg sgrtd sgsudn mgbhdb dsuesn tgbtdbh dpdydbh didb mn`diuidb i`ngb. f. @db @dbhid hidl l VN? VN? Nep`ge Nep`gegbt gbtdsn dsn [dmdd `dbhid [dm `dbhidl l ig gbde gbde nbn rgbjdb rgbjdbdd dsuldb dsuldb egbyg` egbyg`uru urul l sgpgrt sgpgrtnn ydbhtg`dl mnurdnidb pdmd `dbhidl ig `ned mn`disdbdidb sgjdrd dedb mdb gfnsngb.[grgbjdbddb nbn mnaudt mdb mn`disdbdidb sg`urulbyd c`gl  anmdb dtdu sgadhndb`dhn c`gl i`ngb dtdu dbhhctd tne igsgldtdb `dnbbyd. Xd`dupub anmdb tnmdieg`diuidbbyd sgbmnrn, anmdb tgtdp agrtdbhhubh  odwda ubtui egbhdrdlidb pg`disdbddbbyd. Md`de icbmnsn mnedbd  anmdb agric`dacrdsn mgbhdb mcitgrubtui egbdbhdbn i`ngb ydbh egbhd`den icep`nidsn, edid igtgr`nadtdb anmdbmd`de pgbdtd`disdbddb ds dsu uldb ldb

adhn dhn

i`ng i`ngb b

tgr`di disd sdb bdbydrgb rgbjd jdb bd

dm dmd` d`dl dl dsul suldb

tg tgtd tdp p

agr grtd tdbh bhh hub ubh h

agrsded

ydb dbh h

od odw wda datg tgrl rldm dmdp dp egbyg`urul

tgrsgaut.[g`disdbddb ydbh gfnsngb didb egbydbhiut wditu mdb andyd sgrtdegbnbhidtidb eutu mdb dsuldb i`ngb. h. @db @dbhid hidl l VNN? VNN? Gvd`ud Gvd`udsn sn

 

[dmd `dbhidl nbn mn`diuidb gvd`udsn iggfgitnfdb mdrn dsuldb ydbh sumdlmnagrn sumdl mnagrnidb idb eg`nputn eg`nputn pgegbuldb pgegbuldb igautuldb igautuldb didb adbtudb adbtudb dpdidl  agbdr-agbdrtg`dl tgrpgbuln sgsudn mgbhdb igautuldb sgadhdnedbd tg`dl mnnmgbtnfnidsnmnm mnnmgbtnfni dsnmnmd`de d`de mndhbcsd mndhbcsd mdb edsd`dl. edsd`dl. Qgbjdbd Qgbjdbd tgrsgaut tgrsgaut mdpdt mndb dbh hhdp gf gfggitnf onidegedbh agb gbddr-a -aggbdr gfg fgi itnf md`de  pg`disdbddbbyd.@dbhidl-`dbhidl prcsgs pgbdtd`disdbddb ueuebyd egru eg rupd pdid idb b pg pgbh bhid idon ondb dbyd ydbh bh egep egepgro grog` g`ds ds pr prcs csgs gs pg pgen enin inrdb rdb yd ydbh bh egepgbhdruln tnbmdidb sgrtd agrcrngbtdsn pdmd prcsgs i`nbns, idrgbd  prcsgs pgbdtd`disdbddb tgrsgaut agr`dbhsubh mn md`de sntudsn i`nbni mdb mud `dbhidl tgrdilnr tgrhdbtubh pdmdi`ngb mdb sntudsn i`nbni. Dmdpub `dbhidl-`dbhidl dbd`nsns edsd`dl igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn dmd`dl sgadhdn agrniut? 4.

Egbhgb Egbhgbd` d` edsd`dl edsd`dl igsgld igsgldtdb tdb rgprcm rgprcmui uisn sn ]gbtuid ]gbtuidb b edsd`dl edsd`dl igsgldt igsgldtdb db rgprcm rgp rcmuis uisn,e n,edsd` dsd`dl dl mgtgre mgtgrenbd nbdb/f b/fdit ditcr-f cr-fdit ditcr cr igsgld igsgldtdb tdb igsgldt igsgldtdb db rgprcm rgp rcmuis uisn, n, mdb edsd`dl edsd`dl prchrd prchrde e igsgld igsgldtdb tdb igsgld igsgldtdb tdb rgprcm rgprcmuis uisnn ydbh didb mnpgjdlidb9 an`d dmd `ganl mdrnsdtu edsd`dl, tgtdpidb ydbh egbodmn prncrntds.

1.

Egbh Egbhgb gbd` d` pgb gby ygada gada edsd edsd`d `dl l

Igsg Igsgld ldtd tdb b

Qgp Qgprc rcmu mui isn [gby [gbyga gada da

edsd`dl ydbhmnedisum mnig`cepciidb ig md`de pgbygada edsd`dl ig igsg sgld ldtd tdb b

rgprc rgprcmu muis isn, n,

pg pgby byga gada da

fditc fditcr/ r/mg mgtgr tgren enbd bdb b

ig igsgl sgldtd dtdb b

rgprcmuisn mdb edsd`dl prchrde igsgldtdb rgprcmuisn. :. =.

Egbhgb Egbhgbd` d` snfdt snfdtbyd byd edsd`d edsd`dl l igsgl igsgldtd dtdb b rgprcm rgprcmuis uisn. n. Egbhgb Egbhgbd` d` gpnmgen gpnmgenc`c c`chn hn edsd`dl edsd`dl prchrd prchrde e ING igsgldt igsgldtdb db rgprcmu rgprcmuisn isn ydbh agrldsn` nd`dl ydbh egefciusidb pdmd pgrn`diu sdsdrdb (tdrhgt sdsdrdb) ydbh tgradtds oue`dlbyd. Md`de agrusdld egruadl pgrn`diu, ldrus egepgrigjn` oue`dl pgrn`diu nmgd` mdb egen`nl tdrhgt pgrn`diu ydbh egrupdidb nbtn prchrde IgsgldtdbQgprcmuisn. ]drhgt agldvncr  egrupdidb egrup didb sudtu prcsgs prcsgs g`nenbdsn. g`nenbdsn. Drtnbyd,eg Drtnbyd,egbhln` bhln`dbhid dbhidb b pgrn`diu pgrn`diu ydbh tnmdi og`ds mdepdibyd tgrldmdp edsd`dl ydbh sgmdbhmntdbhdbn dtdu tnmdi fgdsna`g mn`disdbdidb c`gl tdrhgt sdsdrdb. Egen`nl tdrhgt  agldvncr ouhd egrupdidb prcsgs bghcsndsn. Drtnbyd, ubtui egen`nl

 

tdrhgt agldvncr,ldrus egbhdmdidb bghcsndsn mdb pgeadldsdb mgbhdb tdrhgt sdsdrdb mdb pgeuidedsydrdi pgeuidedsydrdidt dt `dnbbyd `dnbbyd ydbh tgridnt. Zgeud  pgrn`diu ldrus mnhdeadridb sgjdrd og`ds,sgmgrldbd mdb spgsnfni. Zgeud ighndtdb pcici pcici md`de agrpgrn`diu agrpgrn`diu tgrsgaut tgrsgaut ldrusmnsgau ldrusmnsgautidb. tidb. ([rnodtbn, nmd mdb Zrn Qdldyu, 1;46). Md`de pgbgrdpdb agrfninr irntns, pgbn`dndb i`nbns mdb pgeggjdldb edsd`d eds d`dleg leg`np `nputn utn eg`diu eg`diuidb idb pg`dyd pg`dydbdb bdb igsgldt igsgldtdb db rgprcm rgprcmui uisn sn mdb ig`udrhd agrgbjdbd sgsudnmgbhdb stdbmdr mdb gvnmgbjg adsgm sgjdrd  prned sglnbhhd egbhldsn`idb igputusdbydbh mdpdt mntgrned mgbhdb  adni c`gl i`ngb.

 

ADA NNN [GBW]W[ D. Zn Zne epu`d pu`db b

Agrfni Agr fninr nr irntns irntns dmd`dl dmd`dl jdrd agrfni agrfninr nr tgbtdb tgbtdbh h suaogi suaogi,, icbtgb icbtgb,, dtdu edsd`dl ydbh mn`diuidb c`gl pgeninr sgjdrd ditnf mdb tgrdepn` sgjdrd icbsgpt icb sgptud` ud` mdb egedisd egedisdidb idb stdbmd stdbmdrr ydbh ydbh tnbhhn tnbhhn dtds dtds nbtg`g nbtg`gitu itud`nt d`ntds ds egrgid. J`nb J`nbnj njd` d` Ou Oumh mhge gegb gbtt (p (pgb gbn` n`dn dndb db i` i`nb nbns ns)) egru egrupd pdid idb b pg pgbg bgrd rdpd pdb b nbfcredsn agrmdsdridb pgbhdedtdb ditud` pdmd i`ngb ydbh mniceanbdsnidb mgbhdb mgb hdb mdtd mdtd suaogi suaogitnf tnf mdb caogit caogitnf nf ydbh ydbh egbhdr egbhdrdl dl pdmd pdmd igsnep igsnepu`d u`db b dilnr/dbd`nsns/mndhbcsd. [gegjdl [ge gjdldb db edsd`d edsd`dl l dmd`dl dmd`dl sudtu sudtu prcsgs prcsgs tgrgbjd tgrgbjdbd bd ydbh ydbh pgr`u pgr`u mn`disdbdidb dhdr egepgrc`gl pgbyg`gsdndb tgrtgbtu mdrn sgaudl edsd`dl ydbh eubhinb tnmdi mnmdpdt mgbhdb sghgrd (Zddm & Hldbn, 1;;