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  B@L@N@H IKLTBDJY@UO @UTH@J LDSDQ@W@Y@J LDNT@QG@

Kndh =

0. Jo W`y`j Uro W`hyujo

S3701310?367  

1. L`idl Fr`jsosl` Uojty` Idwo

S3701310?379  

5. Vdj` Hdrnoj` H`rboj

S3701310?389  

9. Jo Lkb`jg @yu U`jto Wun`ji`ro

S3701310?3?8

SKNOYDLJOL LDUDH@Y@J IDJS@U@Q MTQTU@J LDSDQ@W@Y@J 1313/1310

 

 

L@Y@ SDJG@JY@Q

Sumo syulur l`bo p`jm`tl`j ldh`ior`t Yuh`j _`jg B`h` Ds` `t`s r`hb`t i`j l`rujo`jy` l`bo i`p`t bdjydnds`ol`j b`l`n`h y`jg adrmuiun „Iklubdjt`so „ Iklubdjt`so @suh`j Ldpdr`w`t`j Ldnu`rg`‒ Ldnu`rg`‒ L`bo mug` bdjgue`pl`j tdrob`l`soh y`jg sdads`r -ads`rjy` -ads`rjy` ldp`i` iksdj b`t` luno`h Ldpdr`w`t`j Ldnu`rg` y`jg sui`h bdbaobaojg l`bo i`n`b b`t` luno`h ojo. L`bo s`jg`t adrh`r`p b`l`n`h ojo i`p`t adrguj` a`go p`r` pdba`e` i`j i`p`t bdj`ba`h w`w`s`j bdjgdj`o b`tdro tdjt`jg Iklubdjt`so @suh`j Ldpdr`w`tj Ldnu`rg`. L`bo puj bdjy`i`ro a`hw` io i`n`b b`l`n`h ojo b`soh tdri`p`t a`jy`l ldlur`jg`j i`j  m`uh i`ro l`t` sdbpurj`. Kndh sda`a otu, l`bo bdjgh`r`pl`j `i`jy` lrotol i`j s`r`j s`r `j idbo  pdra`ol`j b`l`n`h y`jg `l`j l`bo au`t io b`s` y`jg `l`j i`t`jg, bdjgojg`t toi`l `i` sdsu`tu y`jg sdbpurj` t`jp` s`r`j y`jg bdba`jguj.

Idjp`s`r, 6 @gustus 1310

Sdjunos

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I@FY@Q OUO

L@Y@ SDJG@JY@Q ……………………………. …………………………….……………………………… ……………………………….. ..…… ……..…… ……oo ………………………..……… ………..…..oo I@FY@Q OUO…………………………………………… OUO……………………………………………..……………………… A@A O SDJI@HTNT@J……………………………………………………… SDJI@HTNT@J………………………………………………………..………… ………….....0 .....0 0.0 N@Y@Q ADN@L@JG……………………………………………… ADN@L@JG………………………………………………..………… …………..…..0 0.1 QTBTU@J B@U@N@H ………………………………………… …………………………………………..…………… ……………..….0 0.5 YTMT@J YTMT@J………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………..…………… ……………..…...0 A@A OO SDBA@H@U@J………………………………………………… SDBA@H@U@J…………………………………………………..…………… ……………..….…1 1.0 SDJGDQYO@J LDNT@QG@………………………………… LDNT@QG@…………………………………..…………… ……………... ...…… ……1 1 1.1 FTJGUO LDNT@QG@……………………………………… LDNT@QG@………………………………………..…………… ……………..…… ……..…1 1.5 YTG@U LDNT@QG@ IO AOI@JG LDUDH@Y@J ................................................5 ................................................5  1.9 IKLTBDJY@UO @UTH@J LDSDQ@W@Y@J LDNT@QG@ ..............................9 A@A OOO SDJTYTS.................................... SDJTYTS.......................................................... ............................................ ............................................ ..................................05 ............05 5.0 LDUOBSTN@J.................................. LDUOBSTN@J........................................................ ............................................ ............................................ ...........................05 .....05 I@FY@Q STUY@L@................................... STUY@L@......................................................... ............................................ ............................................ ...............................09 .........09

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A@A O  SDJI@HTNT@J 

0.0 N@Y@Q ADN@L@JG

Ldnu`rg` `i`n`h lubpun`j iu` kr`jg `t`u ndaoh y`jg hoiup adrs`b` idjg`j ldtdrol`t`j `tur`j i`j dbksokj`n sdrt` ojiovoiu bdbpujy`o pdr`j b`sojg-b`sojg y`jg bdrup`l`j a`go`j i`ro ldnu`rg` (Frodib`j= 0??8). Ldnu`rg` sda`g`o pr`j`t` skeo`n tdrldeon i`n`b b`sy`r`l`t i`j Jdg`r` sdn`nu bdjeuro pdrh`to`j a`ol l`n`jg`j pobpoj`j `t`u tklkh ojfkrb`so b`upuj pdbdrojt`h. A`jy`l ldm`io`j bdros`ul`j sdl`r`jg ojo, sdpdrto ldj`l`n`j rdb`m`, l`sus gozo lur`jg, sdn`nu iol`otl`j idjg`j b`loj lur`jg adrfujgsojy` pr`j`t` ldnu`rg`, `jt`r` n`oj i`n`b bdbf`sonotso tubauh ldba`jg `j`l i`j bdj`j`bl`j jon`o-jon`o nuhur sdpdrto s`nojg bdjghkrb`to, eojt` l`soh, tkndr`jso, i`j dbp`to. @suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` bdrup`l`j su`tu r`jgl`o`j ldgo`t`j i`n`b  pr`ltdl ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg ioadrol`j p`i` lnodj sda`g`o `jggkt` ldnu`rg` p`i` t`t`j`j lkbujot`s idjg`j bdjgguj`l`j prksds ldpdr`w`t`j, adrpdikb`j p`i` st`ji`r ldpdr`w`t`j i`n`b nojglup wdwdj`jg sdrt` t`jggujg m`w`a ldpdr`w`t`j (WHK, 1309).   1309).

0.1 QTBTU@J B@U@N@H

0.  @p` pdjgdrto`j ldnu`rg`; 1.  @p` s`m` fujgso ldnu`rg`; 5.  @p` s`m` tug`s ldnu`rg` ioaoi`jg ldsdh`t`j;

 

9. A`g`ob`j` iklubdjt`so `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`; 0.5 YTMT@J

0.  Tjtul bdjgdt`huo `p` otu ldnu`rg` 1.  Tjtul bdjgdt`huo fujgso ldnu`rg` 5.  Tjtul bdjgdt`huo tug`s ldnu`rg` ioaoi`jg ldsdh`t`j 9.  Tjtul bdjgdt`huo iklubdjt`so `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`

0

 

 

A@A OO SDBA@H@U@J

1.0  Sdjgdrto`j Ldnu`rg` 

Ldnu`rg` `i`n`h lubpun`j iu` kr`jg `t`u ndaoh y`jg hoiup adrs`b` idjg`j ldtdrol`t`j `tur`j i`j dbksokj`n i`j ojiovoiu bdbpujy`o pdr`j b`sojg-b`sojg y`jg bdrup`l`j a`go`j i`ro ldnu`rg`. (Frodib`j 0??8). Ldnu`rg` `i`n`h su`tu ol`t`j / pdrsdlutu`j hoiup `t`s i`s`r pdrl`woj`j `jt`r` kr`jg idw`s` y`jg adrn`oj`j mdjos y`jg hoiup adrs`b` `t`u sdkr`jg n`lo-n`lo `t`u sdkr`jg pdrdbpu`j y`jg sui`h sdjioro`j idjg`j `t`u t`jp` `j`l, a`ol `j`ljy` sdjioro `t`u `ikpso, i`j tojgg`n i`n`b sdau`h rub`h t`jgg`.(U`ydlto 0??9). Ldnu`rg` `i`n`h ujot tdrldeon i`ro b`sy`r`l`t y`jg tdrioro `t`s ldp`n` ldnu`rg` i`j adadr`p` kr`jg y`jg adrlubpun i`j tojgg`n io su`tu `t`p i`n`b ld`i``j s`nojg ldtdrg`jtujg`j. (Dffdjiy, 0??8)

1.1 Fujgso Ldnu`rg` (Frodib`j, 0??8)

`.  Fujgso @fdltof Ldnu`rg` y`jg s`nojg bdjy`y`jgo i`j pdiuno tdrh`i`p `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot YAE `l`j bdbpdredp`t prksds pdjydbauh`j. L`rdj` `i`jy` p`rtosop`so i`ro `jggkt` ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdr`w`t `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot.  a.  Fujgso Ukso`nos`so i`j Ydbp`t Adrskso`nos`so Fujgso ldnu`rg` bdjgdba`jgl`j i`j bdn`toh ujtul adrldhoiup`j skso`n sdadnub bdjojgg`nl`j rub`h ujtul adrhuaujg`j idjg`j kr`jg n`oj. Yoi`l `i` a`t`s`j i`n`b adrskso`nos`so a`go pdjidrot` idjg`j nojglujg`j `l`j bdbpdjg`ruho ldsdbauh`j pdjidrot` `s`nl`j pdjidrot` tdt`p bdbpdrh`tol`j lkjiosojy` .Ukso`nos`so s`jg`t iopdrnul`j l`rdj` i`p`t bdjgur`jgo strdss a`go  pdjidrot`. e.  Fujgso Qdprkiulso Ldnu`rg` adrfujgso ujtul bdbpdrt`h`jl`j gdjdr`so i`j bdjm`g` ldn`jgsujg`j ldnu`rg`.I`j mug` tdbp`t bdjgdba`jgl`j fujgso rdprkiulso sde`r` ujovdrs`n, io`jt`r`jy` = sdls y`jg sdh`t i`j adrlu`not`s, adrlu`not `s, pdjioiol`j sdls p`i` `j`l s`jg`t pdjtojg. i.  Fujgso Dlkjkbo

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Ldnu`rg` adrfujgso ujtul bdbdjuho ldautuh`j ldnu`rg`, sdpdrto ldautuh`j b`l`j, p`l`o`j i`j tdbp`t ujtul adrnojiujg (rub`h).I`j tdbp`t ujtul bdjgdba`jgl`j

ldb`bpu`j

ojiovoiu

bdjojgl`tl`j

pdjgh`son`j

ujtul

bdbdjuho ldautuh`j ldnu`rg`. d.  Fujgso Sdr`w`t`j / Sdbdnoh`r``j Ldsdh`t`j Adrfujgso ujtul bdbpdrt`h`jl`j ld`i``j ldsdh`t`j `jggkt` ldnu`rg` `g`r tdt`p bdbonolo prkiultovot`s tojggo. Fujgso ojo ioldba`jgl`j bdjm`io tug`s ldnu`rg` io aoi`jg ldsdh`t`j.

1.5 Yug`s ldnu`rg` io aoi`jg Ldsdh`t`j

Iol`otl`j idjg`j ldb`bpu`j ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdn`ls`j`l`j 4 tug`s ldnu`rg` io aoi`jg ldsdh`t`j y`otu = `.  Bdjgdj`n b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j ldnu`rg`

Ldsdh`t`j bdrup`l`j ldautuh`j ldnu`rg` y`jg toi`l akndh io`a`ol`j l`rdj` t`jp` ldsdh`t`j sdg`n` sdsu`tu toi`l `l`j adr`rto i`j l`rdj` ldsdh`t`jn`h l`i`jg sdnuruh ldlu`t`j subadr i`y` i`j i`j` ldnu`rg` h`aos.Ldtoi`ls`jggup`j ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdjgdj`n b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j p`i` ldnu`rg` s`n`h s`tujy` iosda`al`j kndh lur`jgjy` pdjgdt`hu`j . Lur`jgjy` pdjgdt`hu`j ldnu`rg` tdjt`jg pdjgdrto`j, t`ji` i`j gdm`n`, pdr`w`t`j i`j pdjedg`h`j YAE. a.  Bdbutusl`j toji`l`j ldsdh`t`j y`jg tdp`t a`go ldnu`rg`

Yug`s ojo bdrup`l`j up`y` ldnu`rg` y`jg ut`b` ujtul bdje`ro  pdrtknkjg`j y`jg tdp`t sdsu`o idjg`j ld`i``j ldnu`rg`,idjg`j pdrtoba`jgl`j so`p` io`jt`r` ldnu`rg` y`jg bdbpujy`o ldb`bpu`j bdbutusl`j bdjdjtul`j toji`l`j ldnu`rg`. Yoji`l`j ldsdh`t`j y`jg ion`lul`j kndh ldnu`rg` ioh`r`pl`j tdp`t `g`r b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j i`p`t iolur`jgo a`hl`j tdr`t`so. Ldtoi`ls`jggup`j ldnu`rg` bdjg`baon ldputus`j i`n`b bdn`lul`j toji`l`j y`jg tdp`t,iosda`al`j l`rdj` ldnu`rg` toi`l bdb`h`bo bdjgdj`o sof`t, adr`t i`j nu`sjy` b`s`n`h sdrt` toi`l bdr`s`l`j bdjkjmknjy` b`s`n`h. e.  Bdr`w`t ldnu`rg` y`jg bdjg`n`bo g`jggu`j ldsdh`t`j.

Ldnu`rg` i`p`t bdjg`baon toji`l`j y`jg tdp`t i`j adj`r, tdt`po ldnu`rg` bdbonolo ldtdra`t`s`j.Ldtoi`lb`bpu`j ldnu`rg` bdr`w`t `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot iol`rdj`l`j toi`l bdjgdt`huo e`r` pdr`w`t`j p`i` pdjy`lotjy`.Mol` idbolo`j ,`jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg bdjg`n`bo g`jggu`j ldsdh`t`jpdrnu bdbpdrkndh toji`l`j n`jmut`j `t`u pdr`w`t`j i`p`t ion`lul`j io ojstotuso pdn`y`j`j ldsdh`t`j. 5

 

 

i.  Bdbkiofol`so nojglujg`j ldnu`rg` ujtul bdjm`boj ldsdh`t`j ldnu`rg`

Sdbdnoh`r``j nojglujg`j y`jg a`ol `l`j bdjojgl`tl`j ldsdh`t`j ldnu`rg` i`j bdba`jtu pdjydbauh`j. Ldtoi`lb`bpu`j ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdbkiofol`so nojglujg`j aos` io sda`al`j l`rdj` tdra`t`sjy` subadr-subadr ldnu`rg` io`jt`r`jy` ldu`jg`j, lkjioso fosol rub`h y`jg toi`l bdbdjuho sy`r`t.

 

d. Bdb`jf``tl`j f`sonot`s pdn`y`j`j ldsdh`t`j io sdlot`rjy` a`go ldnu`rg` Ldb`bpu`j ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdb`jf``tl`j f`sonot`s pdn`y`j`j ldsdh`t`j

`l`j bdba`jtu `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot bdbpdrkndh pdrtknkjg`j i`j bdji`p`t pdr`w`t`j sdgdr` `g`r b`s`n`h tdr`t`so.

1.9  Iklubdjt`so @suh`j Ldpdr`w`t`j Ldnu`rg`

Iklubdjt`so `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j bdrup`l`j su`tu h`n y`jg pdjtojg i`n`b toji`l`j ldpdr`w`t`j, tdrl`i`jg h`n ojo toi`l ios`i`ro kndh pdr`w`t. Adadr`p` f`ltkrjy` y`otu =

 

0. A`jy`ljy` ldgo`t`j ionu`r t`jggujg m`w`a pdr`w`t sdhojgg` bdjm`io ada`j a`go tob ldpdr`w`t`j,  1.  Uystdb pdje`t`t`j y`jg tdrn`nu sunot sdhojgg` bdjyot` w`ltu,   5.  Sdjgdt`hu`j i`j ldb`bpu`j y`jg toi`l s`b` bdbau`t pdr`w`t toi`l b`u bdbau`tjy`. 9.  Mdjm`jg pdjioiol`j ldpdr`w`t`j i`j pdrokid w`ltu nunus`j y`jg s`jg`t m`uh tdt`po bdbonolo tug`s y`jg s`b` i`n`b pdn`y`j`j lnodj io ru`jg r`w`t oj`p. Lkjioso ojo a`jy`l iotdbul`j io Susldsb`s, Qub`h U`lot, b`upuj Qub`h Adrs`noj. I`n`b pdn`y`j`j ldpdr`w`t`j ojo tdri`p`t st`ji`r iklubdjt`so ldpdr`w`t`j y`otu 0.  Sdjgl`mo`j, 1.  Io`gjks` ldpdr`w`t`j, 5.  Sdrdje`j``j, 9.  Obpndbdjt`so 4.  Dv`nu`so. I`t` y`jg iob`sull`j h`rus adrb`jf``t i`j mug` rdndv`j. U`n`h s`tu h`n y`jg pdrnu iotdg`ll`j i`n`b pdjiklubdjt`so`j y`otu io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg adri`s`rl`j ln`sofol`so i`j `j`nosos i`t` y`jg `lur`t. Sdr`w`t h`rus bdbadrol`j pdn`y`j i`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg y`jg adrlu`not`s sda`g`o tdj`g` bdios y`jg prkfdsokj`n. Idjg`j ionoh`t i`ro iklubdjt`so ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg adri`s`rl`j st`ji`r `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j. 9

 

 

Iklubdjt`so `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j bdrup`l`j su`tu e`t`t`j y`jg adroso i`t` ld`i``j  p`sodj y`jg toi`l h`jy` ionoh`t i`ro lds`lot`j lds`lot`j tdt`po i`ro pdn`y`j`j y`jg bdbdjuho ldautuh`j ldautuh`j  p`sodj. Idjg`j pdbadro`j pdn`y`j`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` y`jg ion`ls`j`l`j io b`sy`r`l`t h`rus bdnoa`tl`j `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg ioiulujg kndh pdtug`s ldsdh`t`j, ios`bpojg otu  pdr`w`t sda`g`o pdbadro n`y`j`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldpdr `w`t`j b`bpu bdjg`r`hl`j bd jg`r`hl`j subadr-subadr s ubadr-subadr i`j pdn`y`j`j y`jg bdnoputo pdjgl`mo`j, io`gjks`, ojtdrvdjso, obpndbdjt`so i`j dv`nu`so i`j  pdjiklubdjt`so`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`.

Y`h`p prksds iklubdjt`so `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` bdnoputo = 0.  Sdjgl`mo`j

Sdjgl`mo`j `i`n`h n`jgl`h `t`u t`h`p`j pdjtojg i`n`b prksds pdr`w`t`j, bdjgojg`t  pdjgl`mo`j sda`g`o `w`n ojtdr`lso idjg`j ldnu`rg` ujtul bdjgoidjtofol`so i`t` ldsdh`t`j sdnuruh `jggkt` ldnu`rg`. Sdjgdrto`j pdjgl`mo`j bdjurut _ur` i`j W`nsh (0??8) `i`n`h toji`l`j pdb`jt`u`j sde`r` n`jgsujg p`i` b`juso` ujtul bdbpdrkndh i`t` tdjt`jg lnodj idjg`j b`lsui bdjdg`sl`j lkjioso pdjy`lot i`j b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j. Sdjgl`mo`j bdrup`l`j su`tu prksds adrldn`jmut`j, l`rdj` pdr`w`t `l`j bdji`p`tl`j i`t` tdjt`jg lkjioso `t`u sotu`so lnodj sdadnubjy` i`j s``t ojo, sdhojgg` ojfkrb`so tdrsdaut i`p`t ioguj`l`j ujtul bdjyusuj  pdrdje`j``j p`i` t`h`p adrolutjy`. Sdjgl`mo`j ldpdr`w`t`j bdrup`l`j prksds pdjgubpun`j i`t`. Sdjgubpun`j i`t` `i`n`h pdjgubpun`j ojfkrb`so tdjt`jg lnodj y`jg ion`lul`j sde`r` sostdb`tos ujtul bdjdjtul`j b`s`n`h-b`s`n`h, sdrt` ldautuh`j-ldautuh`j ldpdr`w`t`j, i`j ldsdh`t`j lnodj. Sdjgubpun`j ojfkrb`so bdrup`l`j t`h`p `w`n i`n`b prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. I`ro ojfkrb`so y`jg tdrlubpun, ioi`p`tl`j i`t` i`s`r tdjt`jg b`s`n`h-b`s`n`h y`jg ioh`i`po lnodj. Udn`jmutjy`, i`t` i`s`r tdrsdaut ioguj`l`j ujtul bdjdjtul`j io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j, bdrdje`j`l`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j, sdrt` toji`l`j ldpdr`w`t`j ujtul bdjg`t`so b`s`n`hb`s`n`h lnodj.

@.  UTBADQ I@Y@ 

0.  Uubadr i`t` Srobdr Uubadr i`t` probdr `i`n`h i`t` y`jg iolubpunl`j sde`r` n`jgsujg i`ro lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`, y`jg i`p`t bdbadrol`j ojfkrb`so y`jg ndjgl`p tdjt`jg b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j y`jg ioh`i`pojy`. 1.  Uubadr i`t` Udlujidr Uubadr i`t` sdlujidr `i`n`h i`t` y`jg iolubpunl`j i`ro kr`jg tdridl`t i`ro lnodj (ldnu`rg`), sdpdrto kr`jg tu`, @ji`, `t`u poh`l n`oj y`jg

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bdjgdrto lkjioso lnodj sdn`b` s`lot. I`t` sdlujidr i`p`t pun` ioi`p`tl`j i`ro e`t`t`j-e`t`t`j ldpdr`w`t`j h`son pdbdrols``j y`jg ion`lul`j kndh poh`l n`oj. Ude`r` ubub, subadr i`t` y`jg i`p`t ioguj`l`j i`n`b pdjgubpun`j i`t` ldsdh`t`j ldnu`rg` `i`n`h adrolut ojo= `.  Lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`.  a.  Kr`jg tdridl`t. e.  E`t`t`j lnodj. i.  Qow`y`t pdjy`lot (pdbdrols``j fosol i`j e`t`t`j pdrldba`jg`j). d.  Lkjsunt`so. f.  H`son pdbdrols``j io`gjkstol. g.  E`t`t`j bdios i`j `jggkt` tob ldsdh`t`j n`ojjy`. h.  Sdr`w`t n`oj. o.  Ldpust`l``j. I`t` y`jg iolubpunl`j i`ro h`son pdjgl`mo`j tdrioro `t`s i`t` suamdltof i`j i`t` kamdltof. I`t` suamdltof `i`n`h i`t` h`son w`w`je`r` i`j i`t` kamdltof `i`n`h i`t` h`son  pdbdrols``j fosol, pdbdrols``j pdbdrols``j pdjujm`jg, pdjujm`jg, i`j kasdrv`so. Sdjgl`mo`j Sdjgl`mo`j bdrup`l`j t`h`p  pdrt`b` i`ro prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. S`i` t`h`p ojo, pdr`w`t i`p`t bdjgoidjtofol`so  adra`g`o b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg tdrm`io p`i` lnodj sda`g`o ldnu`rg`. Ldgo`t`j y`jg i`p`t @ji` n`lul`j i`n`b ldgo`t`j pdjgl`mo`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` `i`n`h bdjgubpunl`j i`t` y`jg `lur`t i`ro lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`, sdhojgg` ioldt`huo adra`g`o b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j y`jg tdrm`io. @g`r pdjgl`mo`j i`p`t @ji` n`lul`j idjg`j a`ol i`j adj`r, pdr`w`t h`rus bdbonolo pdjgdt`hu`j io `jt`r`jy`  pdjgdt`hu`j tdjt`jg ldautuh`j i`s`r b`juso` sda`g`o sostdb aokpsolkskso`n i`j sporotu`n. Udn`b` prksds pdjgl`mo`j, pdr`w`t bdb`ji`jg b`juso` i`ro `spdl `s pdl aoknkgos,  psolknkgos, skso`n, i`j `spdl sporotu`n. Ldb`bpu`j n`oj y`jg h`rus iobonolo mug` kndh  pdr`w`t `i`n`h bdn`lul`j kasdrv`so sde`r` sostdb`tos p`i` lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`, ldb`bpu`j i`n`b bdba`jguj su`tu ldpdre`y``j, ldb`bpu`j bdjg`i`l`j w`w`je`r`, sdrt` bdn`lul`j pdbdrols``j fosol ldpdr`w`t`j.

A.  Bdtkid pdjgubpun`j i`t` i`p`t ion`lul`j idjg`j e`r` sda`g`o adrolut.  

0.  W`w`je`r`, y`otu lkbujol`so idjg`j lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` ujtul bdji`p`tl`j rdspkj, a`ol vdra`n b`upuj jkjvdra`n. W`w`je`r` `i`n`h bdj`jy`l`j `t`u bdbau`t t`jy`m`w`a y`jg adrl`ot`j idjg`j b`s`n`h y`jg ioh`i`po kndh lnodj, `t`u iosdaut idjg`j `j`bjds`. W`w`je`r` adrn`jgsujg ujtul bdj`jy`l`j 6

 

 

h`n-h`n y`jg adrhuaujg`j idjg`j b`s`n`h y`jg ioh`i`po lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` sdrt` bdrup`l`j su`tu lkbujol`so y`jg iordje`j`l`j. 1.  Kasdrv`so `i`n`h bdjg`b`to pdron`lu sdrt` ld`i``j lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` ujtul bdbpdrkndh i`t` tdjt`jg b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j y`jg io`n`bo. Kasdrv`so ion`lul`j idjg`j bdjgguj`l`j pdjgnoh`t`j i`j `n`t ojidr` n`ojjy`, bdn`nuo pdr`a``j, sdjtuh`j, i`j pdjidjg`r`j. Yumu`j i`ro kasdrv`so `i`n`h bdjgubpunl`j i`t` tdjt`jg b`s`n`h y`jg ioh`i`po lnodj bdn`nuo ldpdl``j `n`t ojidr`. 5.  Lkjsunt`so Idjg`j tdj`g` `hno `t`u spdso`nos sdsu`o idjg`j b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j y`jg iotdbul`j. H`son lkjsunt`so i`p`t ioguj`l`j sda`g`o i`t` pdjiulujg i`j v`noi`so i`t`. 9.  Sdbdrols``j fosol `i`n`h bdn`lul`j pdbdrols``j fosol lnodj ujtul bdjdjtul`j b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j lnodj. Sdbdrols``j fosol i`p`t ion`lul`j idjg`j adra`g`o e`r`, `jt`r` n`oj sda`g`o adrolut. 4.  Sdbdrols``j pdjujm`jg. Bos`njy`, pdbdrols``j n`akr`tkroub, rkjtgdj, i`j  pdbdrols``j n`oj sdsu`o idjg`j lkjioso lnodj. E.  LKBSKJDJ SDJGL@MO@J LDNT@QG@ 

Frodib`j, ill (1335), adrpdji`p`t a`hw` lkbpkjdj pdjgl`mo`j ldnu`rg` tdrioro `t`s l`tdgkro pdrt`jy``j, y`otu i`t` pdjgdj`n`j ldnu`rg`, row`y`t i`j t`h`p  pdrldba`jg`j ldnu`rg`, i`t` nojglujg`j, strultur ldnu`rg` (strultur pdr`j, jon`o, lkbujol`so, ldlu`t`j), fujgso ldnu`rg` (fujgso `fdltof, skso`nos`so, pdn`y`j`j ldsdh`t`j, dlkjkbo, rdprkiulso), i`j lkpojg ldnu`rg`. Tr`o`j b`sojg-b`sojg l`tdgkro  pdrt`jy``j i`p`t @ji` pdn`m`ro io a`w`h ojo. 0.  I`t` pdjgdj`n`j ldnu`rg` Sdjgl`mo`j `p` s`m` y`jg pdrnu @ji` n`lul`j p`i` lkbpkjdj pdjgdj`n`j ldnu`rg`; I`t` y`jg pdrnu iolubpunl`j `i`n`h j`b` ldp`n` ldnu`rg`, `n`b`t ndjgl`p, lkbpksoso ldnu`rg`, topd ldnu`rg`, n`t`r n`t` r adn`l`jg aui`y`, oidjtot`s `g`b`, st`tus ldn`s skso`n, i`j rdlrd`so ldnu`rg`. I`t` ojo bdrup`l`j i`t` i`s`r ujtul bdjgl`mo i`t` sdn`jmutjy`. 1.  I`t` pdrldba`jg`j i`j sdm`r`h ldnu`rg` Sdjgl`mo`j ldiu` y`jg i`p`t @ji` n`lul`j `i`n`h bdjgl`mo t`h`p pdrldba`jg`j i`j sdm`r`h ldnu`rg`. I`t` y`jg pdrnu @ji` l`mo p`i` lkbpkjdj pdjgl`mo`j ojo, y`otu t`h`p pdrldba`jg`j ldnu`rg` s``t ojo, iooso adri`s`rl`j ubur `j`l pdrt`b` i`j t`h`p pdrldba`jg`j y`jg adnub tdrpdjuho. 5.  I`t` nojglujg`j I`t` ldtog` y`jg pdrnu @ji` l`mo `i`n`h i`t` nojglujg`j. @p` s`m` i`t` y`jg iol`mo p`i` lkbpkjdj ojo; I`t` y`jg pdrnu iol`mo `i`n`h l`r`ltdrostol 7

 

 

rub`h, l`r`ltdrostol tdt`jgg` i`j lkbujot`s. I`t` Lkbujot`s tdrioro `t`s topd  pdjiuiul, `p`l`h tdrb`sul pdjiuiul pdjiuiul pdids``j `t`u pdrlkt``j, topd hujo`j rub`h, `p`l`h sda`go`j ads`r tdt`jgg`, s`jot`so m`n`j, i`j pdjg`jglut`j s`bp`h. L`r`ltdrostol idbkgr`fo tdt`jgg` i`j lkbujot`s bdnoputo ldn`s skso`n, dtjos,  pdldrm``j, i`j a`h`s` sdh`ro-h`ro. 9.  I`t` strultur ldnu`rg` I`t` y`jg lddbp`t y`jg pdrnu iol`mo `i`n`h i`t` strultur ldnu`rg`, `jt`r` n`oj pkn` lkbujol`so, bdnoputo pdjgguj``j lkbujol`so `jt`r`jggkt` ldnu`rg`, a`g`ob`j` `jggkt` ldnu`rg` bdjm`io pdjidjg`r, mdn`s i`n`b bdjy`bp`ol`j pdji`p`t, i`j pdr`s``jjy` sdn`b` adrlkbujol`so i`j adrojtdr`lso. 4.  I`t` fujgso ldnu`rg` Lkbpkjdj i`t` ldnob` y`jg iolubpunl`j `i`n`h fujgso ldnu`rg` 6.  I`t` Lkpojg Ldnu`rg` Lkbpkjdj i`t` tdr`lhor `i`n`h i`t` lkpojg ldnu`rg`. I`t` y`jg pdrnu ion`lul`j pdjgl`mo`j `i`n`h strdskr ldnu`rg`, bdnoputo i`t` tdjt`jg strdskr y`jg io`n`bo ldnu`rg` adrl`ot`j idjg`j dlkjkbo i`j skso`njy`, `p`l`h ldnu`rg` i`p`t bdb`stol`j n`b` i`j ldlu`t`j strdskr y`jg io`n`bo, `p`l`h ldnu`rg` i`p`t bdjg`t`so strdskr i`j ldtdg`jg`j sdh`ro-h`ro. @p`l`h ldnu`rg` b`bpu  adrtoji`l adri`s`rl`j pdjon`o`j y`jg kamdltof i`j rd`nostos tdrh`i`p sotu`so y`jg bdjyda`al`j strds.

1.  Io`gjksos Ldpr`w`t`j Ldnu`rg`

Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` bdrup`l`j t`h`p ldiu` i`ro prksds ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`. Y`h`p ojo bdrup`l`j ldgo`t`j pdjtojg i`n`b bdjdjtul`j b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg `l`j iosdnds`ol`j i`n`b ldnu`rg`. Sdjdt`p`j io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg toi`l tdp`t `l`j bdbdjg`ruho t`h`p`j adrolutjy` i`n`b prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. Ldb`bpu`j pdr`w`t i`n`b bdjg`j`nosos i`t` h`son pdjgl`mo`j s`jg`t iopdrnul`j i`n`b bdjdt`pl`j io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`. Sdji`p`t n`oj tdjt`jg idfojoso io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j `i`n`h su`tu pdrjy`t``j y`jg bdjmdn`sl`j rdspkj b`juso` (st`tus ldsdh`t`j `t`u rosolk pdrua`h`j pkn`) i`ro ojiovoiu `t`u ldnkbpkl, i`j pdr`w`t sde`r` `lujt`aonot`s i`p`t bdjgoidjtofol`so sdrt` bdbadrol`j ojtdrvdjso sde`r` p`sto ujtul bdjm`g` st`tus ldsdh`t`j (Gkrikj, 0?76 i`n`b E`pdjotk, 1333). Gkrikj (0?76) i`n`b E`pdjotk (1333) bdjy`t`l`j a`hw` idfojoso io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j `i`n`h b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j `ltu`n i`j pktdjso`n. Adri`s`rl`j pdjioiol`j i`j pdjg`n`b`jjy`,  pdr`w`t b`bpu sdrt` bdbpujy`o ldwdj`jg`j ujtul bdbadrol`j toji`l`j ldpdr`w`t`j  adri`s`rl`j st`ji`r pr`ltol ldpdr`w`t`j i`j dtol ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg adrn`lu io Ojikjdso`. Ojikjdso`. 8

 

 

Tjtul bdjyusuj io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg tdp`t, tdp` t, ioautuhl`j adadr`p` pdjgdt`hu`j i`j ldtdr`bpon`j y`jg h`rus iobonolo `jt`r` n`oj, ldb`bpu`j i`n`b bdb`h`bo adadr`p` b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j, f`ltkr y`jg bdjyda`al`j b`s`n`h, a`t`s`j l`r`ltdrostol, adadr`p` ulur`j jkrb`n i`ro b`s`n`h tdrsdaut, sdrt` ldb`bpu`j i`n`b bdb`h`bo bdl`josbd  pdj`jg`j`j b`s`n`h, adrpolor lrotos, i`j bdbau`t ldsobpun`j i`ro i`ro b`s`n`h.

  L@YDGKQO IO@GJKUOU LDSDQ@W@Y@J LDNT@QG@.

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0.  Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j `etu`n L`tdgkro io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg pdrt`b` `i`n`h io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j `ltu`n. Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j ojo bdjgg`ba`rl`j rdspkj b`juso` tdrh`i`p lkjioso ldsdh`t`j `t`u prksds ldhoiup`j y`jg adj`r jy`t` p`i` ojiovoiu, ldnu`rg`, i`j lkbujot`s (J`ji`, 1300). Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j `ltu`n iorubusl`j `p`aon` b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j sui`h tdrm`io p`i` ldnu`rg`. Y`ji` i`j gdm`n` i`ro b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j sui`h i`p`t iotdbul`j kndh pdr`w`t adri`s`rl`j h`son pdjgl`mo`j ldpdr`w`t`j. 1.  Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j prkbkso ldsdh`t`j Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg ldiu` `i`n`h io`gjksos prkbkso ldsdh`t`j y`jg i`p`t ioguj`l`j io sdnuruh st`tus ldsdh`t`j. J`buj, ldso`g``j ojiovoiu, ldnu`rg`, i`j b`sy`r`l`t ujtul bdn`lul`j prkbkso ldsdh`t`j bdbdjg`ruho bdrdl` ujtul bdji`p`tl`j io`gjksos prkbkso ldsdh`t`j. 5.  Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j rosolk Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j ldtog` `i`n`h io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j rosolk, y`otu bdjgg`ba`rl`j rdspkj b`juso` tdrh`i`p lkjioso ldsdh`t`j `t`u prksds ldhoiup`j y`jg bujgloj adrldba`jg i`n`b ldrdjt`j`j ojiovoiu, ldnu`rg`, i`j lkbujot`s. H`n ojo ioiulujg kndh f`ltkr-f`ltkr rosolk y`jg adrlkjtroauso p`i` pdjojgl`t`j ldrdjt`j`j. Udto`p n`adn i`ro io`gjksos rosolk io`w`no idjg`j fr`sd 9.  Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j sdm`htdr` Io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` y`jg tdr`lhor `i`n`h io`gjksos ldpdr`w`t`j sdm`htdr`. Io`gjksos ojo bdjgg`ba`rl`j rdspkj b`juso` tdrh`i`p ndvdn ldsdm`htdr``j ldsdm`htdr` `j ojiovoiu, ldnu`rg`, i`j lkbujot`s, y`jg tdn`h bdbonolo ldso`p`j bdjojgl`tl`j st`tus ldsdh`t`j bdrdl`

5.  Ojtdrvdjso

Sdrdje`j``j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` `i`n`h sdlubpun`j toji`l`j y`jg iordje`j`l`j kndh pdr`w`t ujtul bdba`jtu ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdjg`t`so b`s`n`h ldpdr`w`t`j idjg`j ?

 

 

bdnoa`tl`j `jggkt` ldnu`rg`. Sdrdje`j``j ldpdr`w`t`j mug` i`p`t io`rtol`j mug` sda`g`o su`tu  prksds pdjyusuj`j adra`g`o ojtdrvdjso ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg ioautuhl`j ujtul bdjedg`h, bdjurujl`j, `t`u bdjgur`jgo b`s`n`h-b`s`n`h lnodj. Sdrdje`j``j ojo bdrup`l`j n`jgl`h ldtog` i`n`b bdbau`t su`tu prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. I`n`b bdjdjtul`j t`h`p pdrdje`j``j a`go pdr`w`t iopdrnul`j adra`g`o pdjgdt`hu`j i`j ldtdr`bpon`j, io `jt`r`jy` pdjgdt`hu`j tdjt`jg ldlu`t`j i`j ldndb`h`j lnodj, jon`o i`j ldpdre`y``j lnodj, a`t`s`j pr`ltol ldpdr`w`t`j, pdr`j i`ro tdj`g` ldsdh`t`j n`ojjy`, ldb`bpu`j i`n`b bdbde`hl`j b`s`n`h, bdjg`baon ldputus`j, bdjunos tumu`j, sdrt` bdbonoh i`j bdbau`t str`tdgo ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg `b`j i`n`b bdbdjuho tumu`j, bdjunos ojstrulso ldpdr`w`t`j sdrt` ldb`bpu`j i`n`b bdn`ls`j`l`j ldrm` s`b` idjg`j tojgl`t ldsdh`t`j n`oj. F`ltkr-f`ltkr y`jg pdrnu iopdrtoba`jgl`j i`n`b bdjyusuj pdrdje`j``j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg` `i`n`h adrolut ojo. 0.  Qdje`j` ldpdr`w`t`j h`rus ioi`s`rl`j `t`s `j`nosos i`t` sde`r` bdjydnuruh tdjt`jg b`s`n`h `t`u sotu`so ldnu`rg`. 1.  Qdje`j` ldpdr`w`t`j h`rus rd`nostol. 5.  Qdje`j` ldpdr`w`t`j h`rus sdsu`o idjg`j tumu`j i`j f`ns`f`h ojst`jso ldsdh`t`j. 9.  Qdje`j` ldpdr`w`t`j ioau`t adrs`b` ldnu`rg`.

 

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YTMT@J SDQDJE@J@@J LDSDQ@W@Y@J LDNT@QG@ Sdrdje`j``j ldpdr`w`t`j bdbonolo tumu`j sda`g`o adrolut. 0.  @n`t lkbujol`so `jt`rpdr`w`t i`n`b bdbadrol`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`. 1.  Bdjojgl`tl`j ldsoj`baujg`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg ioadrol`j p`i` ldnu`rg`. 5.  Bdjiklubdjt`sol`j prksds i`j lrotdro` h`son sda`g`o pdikb`j a`go pdr`w`t i`n`b bdn`lul`j toji`l`j ldp`i` ldnu`rg` sdrt` bdn`lul`j dv`nu`so. 9.  Bdjgoidjtofol`so fklus ldpdr`w`t`j ldp`i` lnodj `t`u ldnkbpkl. 4.  Bdbadi`l`j t`jggujg m`w`a pdr`w`t idjg`j prkfdso ldsdh`t`j n`ojjy`. 6.  Bdjydio`l`j su`tu lrotdro` guj` pdjgun`jg`j i`j dv`nu`so ldpdr`w`t`j. 7.  Bdjydio`l`j su`tu pdikb`j i`n`b pdjunos`j. 8.  Bdjydio`l`j lrotdro` h`son (kutekbds) sda`g`o pdikb`j i`n`b bdn`lul`j dv`nu`so ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`.

9.  Obpndbdjt`so

03

 

 

Yoji`l`j y`jg ion`lul`j kndh pdr`w`t ldp`i` ldnu`rg` adri`s`rl`j pdrdje`j``j bdjgdj`o io`gjks` y`jg tdn`h ioau`t sdadnubjy`. Yoji`l`j ldpdr`w`t`j tdrh`i`p ldnu`rg` bdje`lup h`n ―  h`n ―  h`n  h`n ioa`w`h ojo = 0.  Bdjstobun`so lds`i`r`j `t`u pdjdrob``j ldnu`rg` bdjgdj`o b`s`n`h i`j ldautuh`j ldsdh`t`j idjg`j e`r`   `.  Bdbadrol`j ojfkrb`so  a.  Bdjgoidjtofol`so ldautuh`j i`j h`r`p`j tdjt`jg ldsdh`t`j e.  Bdjikrkjg sol`p dbkso y`jg sdh`t tdrh`i`p b`s`n`h 1.  Bdjstobun`so ldnu`rg` ujtul bdbutusl`j e`r` pdr`w`t`j y`jg tdp`t idjg`j e`r` `.  Bdjgoidjtofol`so lkjsdludjso toi`l bdn`lul`j toji`l`j  a.  Bdjgoidjtofol`so subadr y`jg iobonolo ldnu`rg` e.  Bdjioslusol`j tdjt`jg lkjsdludjso tdjt`jg toji`l`j 5.  Bdbadrol`j ldpdre`y``j ioro i`n`b bdr`w`t `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot idjg`j e`r` = `.  Bdjidbkjstr`sol`j e`r` pdr`w`t`j  a.  Bdjgguj`l`j `n`t i`j f`sonot`s y`jg `i` iorub`h e.  Bdjg`w`so ldnu`rg` bdn`lul`j pdr`w`t`j 9.  Bdba`jtu ldnu`rg` ujtul bdjdbul`j e`r` a`g`ob`j` bdbau`t nojglujg`j bdjm`io sdh`t, idj`gj e`r` = `.  Bdjdtul`j subadr y`jg i`p`t ioguj`l`j ldnu`rg`  a.  Bdn`lul`j pdrua`h`j nojglujg`j idjg`j sdkptob`n bujgloj 4.  Bktov`so ldnu`rg` ujtul bdb`jf``tl`j f`sonot`s ldsdh`t`j y`jg `i` idjg` e`r` = `.  Bdbpdrldj`nl`j f`sonot`s ldsdh`t`j y`jg `i` io nojglujg`j ldnu`rg`  a.  Bdba`jtu ldnu`rg` bdjgguj`l`j f`sonot`s ldsdh`t`j y`jg `i` 4.  Dv`nu`so

Dv`nu`so `i`n`h toji`l`j ujtul bdndjgl`po prksds ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg bdj`ji`l`j sdadr`p` m`uh io`gjks` ldpdr`w`t`j, rdje`j` toji`l`j, i`j pdn`ls`j``jjy` sui`h adrh`son ioe`p`o, bdslopuj t`h`p dv`nu`so iondt`ll`j p`i` `lhor prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. Dv`nu`so bdrup`l`j a`go`j ojtdgr`n p`i` sdto`p t`h`p prksds ldpdr`w`t`j. Sdjgubpun`j i`t` pdrnu iordvoso ujtul bdjdjtul`j `p`l`h ojfkrb`so o jfkrb`so y`jg tdn`h iolubpunl`j sui`h bdjeulupo i`j `p`l`h pdron`lu y`jg iokasdrv`so sui`h sdsu`o. Io`gjks` ldpdr`w`t`j  mug` pdrnu iodv`nu`so i`n`b h`n ld`lur`t`j i`j ldndjgl`p`jjy`. ldndjgl`p`jjy`.

00

 

 

Yumu`j ldpdr`w`t`j h`rus iodv`nu`so `i`n`h ujtul bdjdjtul`j `p`l`h tumu`j tdrsdaut, i`p`t ioe`p`o sde`r` dfdltof. Dv`nu`so ioi`s`rl`j p`i` a`g`ob`j` dfdltofjy` ojtdrvdjso `t`u toji`l`j y`jg ion`lul`j kndh ldnu`rg`, pdr`w`t i`j y`jg n`ojjy`. Lddfdltof`j iotdjtul`j idjg`j

bdnoh`t

rdspkj

ldnu`rg`

i`j

h`son,

aul`j

ojtdrvdjso-ojtdrvdjso

y`jg

ioobpndbdjt`sol`j.

  SQKUDU DV@NT@UO

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Bdjgulur pdje`p`o`j tumu`j lnodj. 0.  Lkgjotof (pdjgdt`hu`j) Tjtul bdjgulur pdb`h`b`j lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` sdtdn`h io`m`rl`j tdljol-tdljol pdr`w`t`j tdrtdjtu. Bdtkid dv`nu`so y`jg ion`lul`j, bos`njy` idjg`j bdn`lul`j w`w`je`r` p`i` lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`. Ekjtkh, sdtdn`h ion`lul`j pdjioiol`j ldsdh`t`j tdjt`jg pdjedg`h`j YA S`ru, lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` iot`jy` ldba`no tdjt`jg a`g`ob`j` e`r` pdjedg`h`j YA S`ru.@fdltof (st`tus dbksokj`n) Edjidrujg ldpdjon`o`j suamdltof y`jg s`jg`t sunot ioulur. Bdtkid y`jg i`p`t ion`lul`j `i`n`h kasdrv`so rdspkj vdra`n i`j jkjvdra`n i`ro lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`, sdrt` bdji`p`tl`j b`sul`j i`ro `jggkt` ldnu`rg` n`oj. 1.  Ssolkbktkr (toji`l`j y`jg ion`lul`j) Bdjgulur ldb`bpu`j lnodj i`j ldnu`rg` i`n`b bdn`lul`j su`tu toji`l`j `t`u tdrm`iojy` pdrua`h`j pdron`lu p`i` lnodj i`j ldnu`rg`.

  BDYKID I@J UTBADQ I@Y@ DV@NT@UO

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0.  Kasdrv`so Bdn`lul`j pdjg`b`t`j tdrh`i`p pdrua`h`j pdron`lu i`ro `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg bdbpujy`o b`s`n`h ldsdh`t`j. Bdbdrols` n`pkr`j `t`u iklubdjt`so ldpdr`w`t`j Sdr`w`t pdrnu bdbdrols` ldba`no n`pkr`j `t`u e`t`t`j ldpdr`w`t`j y`jg tdn`h iotunos kndh tob ldpdr`w`t`j sdtdn`h bdn`ls`j`l`j ojtdrvdjso ldpdr`w`t`j. 1.  W`w`je`r` `t`u `jgldt Bdbau`t i`ft`r pdrt`jy``j `t`u `jgldt y`jg iotumul`j  p`i` ldnu`rg` ujtul bdjgdt`huo ldb`mu`j lkjioso ldsdh`t`jjy`. Sdjg`baon`j i`t` ion`lul`j idjg`j bdtkid w`w`je`r`. 5.  N`toh`j/sobun`so/rdidbkjstr`so Sdr`w`t bdjgdv`nu`so ldb`bpu`j pdr`w`t i`n`b bdn`lul`j su`tu toji`l`j ujtul bdr`w`t `jggkt` ldnu`rg` y`jg s`lot idjg`j bdbojt` ldnu`rg` ujtul bdn`lul`j

01

 

 

A@A OOO SDJTYTS

5.0 LDUOBSTN@J

@suh`j

Ldpdr`w`t`j

Ldnu`rg`

bdrup`l`j

prksds

y`jg

lkbpndls

idjg`j

bdjgguj`l`j pdjidl`t`j sostdb`tol ujtul adldrm`s`b` idjg`j ldnu`rg` i`j ojiovoiu sda`g`o `jggkt` ldnu`rg`. Ldnu`rg` sda`g`o pr`j`t` skeo`n tdrldeon i`n`b b`sy`r`l`t i`j Jdg`r` sdn`nu bdjeuro  pdrh`to`j a`ol l`n`jg`j pobpoj`j `t`u tklkh ojfkrb`so b`upuj pdbdrojt`h. A`jy`l ldm`io`j bdros`ul`j sdl`r`jg ojo, sdpdrto ldj`l`n`j rdb`m`, l`sus gozo lur`jg, sdn`nu iol`otl`j idjg`j b`loj lur`jg adrfujgsojy` pr`j`t` ldnu`rg`, `jt`r` n`oj i`n`b bdbf`sonot`so bd bf`sonot`so tubauh ldba`jg `j`l i`j bdj`j`bl`j jon`o-jon`o nuhur sdpdrto s`nojg bdjghkrb`to, eojt` l`soh, tkndr`jso, i`j dbp`to.

05

 

 

I@FY@Q STUY@L@

@jidrskj, Y. Dnoz`adth, F`rndj, Be. Muioth. 1333. Ekbbujoty @s S`rtjdr Yhdkry `ji Sr`etoed oj Jursojg. Shon`idnpho`. Noppojektt.

E`rpdjotk, Nyji` Mu`nn. 1333. Aulu Io`gjks` Ldpdr`w`t`j. Diotkr Bkjoe` Dstdr. DGE = M`l`rt`.

A`onkj, U.G. & B`gn`y`, @.U. 0?87. F`bony hd`nth jursojg= Yhd prkedss, Shonoppojdss= TS. Eknndgd kf Jursojg Ionob`j, Pudzkj Eoty.

Ik`jd, G.W. & V`rekd, E. 1334. F`bony jursojg `s rdn`tokj`n ojquory= Idvdnkpojg hd`nth  prkbktokj pr`etoed, Shon`idnpho`= Noppojektt.

F`lunt`s Onbu Ldpdr`w`t`j TO. 1333. Lubpun`j b`l`n`h pdn`toh`j `suh`j ldpdr`w`t`j ldnu`rg`

H`jskj, U.B.H., & Akyi, U.Y. 0??6. F`bony Hd`nth e`rd jursojg= Yhdkry, Sr`etoed `ji rdsd`reh, Shon`idnpho`= F.@. I`vos Ekbp`jy.

09