Makalah Beni Rule MB 3

 

IACANAD Chn` Ch n`ip ip`c `c 5 Runh Ru nh IB IB5 5  Fjalucak Xktuc Ihihkudj Uanad Uatu Vumas Iata Cunjad CCWIV_JJ (Chiatjak)  F`shk Iata Cunjad < Bhkj Dartafj, I.I.

Fjsusuk `nhd <

Akkjsa Kurdasakad

H=11=1726

Oajruzjdra \adjra

H=11=1752

Dhnjka Fjsiawatj

H=11=1756

Jvak Raca Wrashtya .J.

H=11=1758

Urj Uuryakj

H=11=1766

WR@M WR @MRA RAI I UV UVXF XFJJ RH RHCA CAI I IH IHFJ FJU U FA FAK K JK JKO@ O@RI RIAU AUJJ CHUHDAVAK W@NJVH W@N JVHCKJ CKJC C VHF VHFE E BAK BAKFXK FXKM M 271:

 

CAVA CAV A WHKMAK WHKMAKVAR  VAR 

Wulj syucur chdafjrat Vudak Zakm Iada Hsa atas radiat fak carukjakya yakm thnad ihibhrjcak caij chshdatak shdjkmma caij fapat ihkyhnhsajcak iacanad jkj yakm bhrlufun „Runh IB 5„ thpat pafa wactukya. Udan Ud anaw awat at sh shrta rta sanai sanai sh shi` i`ma ma thre threura urad d ch chpa pafa fa lu lukl kluk ukma mak k cj cjta ta Kabj Kabj Bhsa Bhsar  r  Iudaii Iud aiiaf af UA] bhshrt bhshrtaa chnuar chnuarma, ma, para para sadaba sadabatt fak phkmjc phkmjcutk utkya ya yakm yakm shtja shtja saipaj sai paj acdjr acdjr laiak. laiak. Whibad Whibadasak asak fj fanai fanai iacana iacanad d jkj afanad afanad thktak thktakm m sjsthi sjsthi jko`riasj chshdatak. Iacanad jkj fjdarapcak fapat ihibhrjcak phkmhtaduak fak jko`ri jko `riasj asj chpafa chpafa para para phibae phibaeaa thktak thktakm m sjsthi sjsthi jko`ri jko`riasj asj chshdat chshdatak, ak, shdjkm shdjkmma ma chfhpakkya acak ihklafj nhbjd bajc namj. Caij Ca ij ihky ihkyaf afar arjj badw badwaa fana fanai i phku phkunj njsa sak k iaca iacana nad d jk jkjj iasj iasjd d la laud ud fa farj rj chshipurkaak. Xktuc jtu caij i`d`k iaao atas shmana chcurakmak. Acdjr cata, crjt crjtjc jc fak fak sa sara rak k farj farj sh shiu iuaa pjda pjdac c yakm akm bh bhrs rsjo joat at ihib ihibak akmu muk k ac acak ak sh shna nanu nu fjdara fjd arapca pcak k fhij fhij chship chshipurk urkaak aak iacanad iacanad jkj. Uhi`m Uhi`maa Vudak Vudak Zakm Zakm Iada Iada Hsa shkaktjasa ihrjfdaj shmana urusak cjta. Aijk.

Ejiadj Eji adj,, @ct`bh @ct`bhrr 271: 271:

Whkunjs

j

 

FAOVAR JUJ

CAVA WHKMAKVAR ........................................ .............................................................. ............................................ ...................... j   FAOVAR JUJ ............................................... ...................................................................... ............................................. ............................. ....... jj  BAB J WHKFADXNXAK .......................................... ................................................................ ..................................... ............... 1 A.  Natar Bhnacakm .............................................. .................................................................... ..................................... ............... 1   B.  Ruiusak Iasanad .......................... ................................................. .............................................. ............................. ...... 6  E.  Vuluak Whkunjsak .......................................... ................................................................ ..................................... ............... 6  F.  Ujsthiatjca Whkunjsak .................................................. ........................................................................ ...................... 6  BAB JJ WHIBADAUAK ......................... ............................................... ............................................ ................................. ........... ? A.  C`fjkm .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ................................. ........... ?

1.  Whkmhrtjak C`fjkm ............................................ ................................................................... .......................... ... ? 2.  Vuluak C`fjkm ...................................................... ............................................................................ ...................... = 5.  Nakmcad  ―  Nakmcad Xktuc Ihkmc`fjkm .................................... .................................... = 6.  Wr`shfur E`fjkm ............................................ ................................................................... ............................. ...... 4 8.  C`iphthksj Whrhcai Ihfjs ................................................ ....................................................... ....... : ?.  Whrakak Whtumas C`fjkm Fanai Wr`mrai Jka-Frm ..................... ..................... 17 =.  Uubsjsthi Whkmc`fhak ......................................... ............................................................... ...................... 11 B.  JEF-17 .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ................................. ........... 12

1.  Whkmhrtjak JEF-17 .................................................... ...................................................................... .................. 12 2.  Oukmsj JEF-17 ........................................... .................................................................. ................................. .......... 15 5.  Utructur JEF-17 .................................................... .......................................................................... ...................... 15 6.  Fasar ihkhktucak c`fh bhrfasarcak JEF-17 ............................ ............................ 18 8.  Aturak fanai ihkyhnhcsj ihkyhnhcs j chibanj fjamk`sa utaia ................... 1? ?.  Chcdususak fak fhtajn ( Uphejojejty akf fhtajn ) ......................... ......................... 1= =.  Whkmc`fhak I`rbjfjtas ............................................ .............................................................. .................. 14 E.  Aturak C`fjkm Runh IB I`rbjfjtas ............................................... ............................................... 14

jj

 

jjj

1.  RXNH IB1 ......................................... ............................................................... ........................................ .................. 14 2.  RXNH IB2 ......................................... ............................................................... ........................................ .................. 1: 5.  RXNH IB5 ......................................... ............................................................... ........................................ .................. 1: 6.  RXNH IB6 ......................................... ............................................................... ........................................ .................. 27 8.  RXNH IB8 ......................................... ............................................................... ........................................ .................. 27 F.  Whibadasak Casus Runh IB 5 ............................... ..................................................... .......................... .... 21 BAB JJJ WHKXVXW ........................... ................................................. ............................................ ................................. ........... 25 A.  Chsjipunak ............................................ .................................................................. ........................................ .................. 25 B.  Uarak........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ............................. ....... 25

 

BAB J WHKFADXNXAK A. Natar Natar Bhnacak Bhnacakm m Rhca Rh cai i ihfj ihfjss ihij ihijnj njcj cj ph phrak rak fa fak k ou oukm kmsj sj yakm sa sakm kmat at ph phkt ktjk jkm, m, yajtu ajtu

shbamaj fasar chshdatak fak phkm`batak pasjhk, badak phibuctjak fanai  phrcara ducui, badak uktuc chphrnuak phkhnjtjak fak phkfjfjcak, fasar   phibayarak bjaya phnayakak chshdatak fak thracdjr shbamaj badak uktuc  ihibuat statjstjc chshdatak (Datta, 2717). Rhcai Rhc ai ihfjs ihfjs darus darus bhrjsj bhrjsj jko`ri jko`riasj asj nhkmca nhkmcap p phrjda phrjdann pr`shs pr`shs phnay phnayakak akak ch chsh shda datak tak fjia fjiasa sa nanu nanu,, iasa iasa cjkj cjkj,, fa fak k ph phrc rcjra jraak ak fj fjia iasa sa ihkf ihkfata atakm km.. Chphij Chp hijnjca njcak k rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs shrjkm shrjkmcan canjj ihklaf ihklafjj phrfhb phrfhbatak atak fjnjkm fjnjkmcuk cukmak mak chshdatak, f`cthr chshdatak, f`cthr bhrakmm bhrakmmapak apak badwa badwa ihrhca ihrhca bhrwhkakm bhrwhkakm phkud phkud thrdafap thrdafap  pasjhk bhshrta phkmjsjak rhcai ihfjs acak thtapj phtumas rhcai ihfjs  bhrsjchras uktuc ihiphrtadakcak bhrcas rhcai ihfjs uktuc thtap shnanu  bhrafa

fj

njkmcukmak chrlakya. Uhnajk jtu bakyac puna pjdac jkthrkan

iaupu iau puk k pjdac pjdac hcsthrk hcsthrkan an yakm yakm jkmjk jkmjk ihkmht ihkmhtadu adujj jsj farj farj rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs jtu shkfjrj. Dan thrshbut ihkukluccak badwa rhcai ihfjs jtu sakmat phktjkm fak bhsar cajtakkya fhkmak asphc ducui (Datta, 2717). Rhcai ihfjs hrat cajtakkya fhkmak asphc ducui yakm bhrcajtak fhkmak ihklam ihk lamaa chaiak chaiakak, ak, prjvae prjvaey, y, fak chrada chradasjaa sjaak. k. Rhcai Rhcai ihfjs ihfjs ihipuk ihipukyaj yaj ch chmu muka kaak ak ph phkt ktjk jkm m fjbj fjbjfa fakm km du ducu cui i ca carhk rhkaa jsj fa fanai nai rh rhca cai i ihfj ihfjss jtu shkfjr shk fjrjj ihkyak ihkyakmcu mcutt iasana iasanad d afaky afakyaa laijka laijkak k chpastj chpastjak ak ducui ducui atas fasar  chafjnak fanai rakmca usada ihkhmaccak ducui shrta phkyhfjaak badak takfa tak fa buctj buctj uktuc uktuc ihkhma ihkhmacca ccak k chafjna chafjnak. k. Chmuka Chmukaak ak rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs afanad afanad shbamajj anat buctj yakm sad fak kyata thktakm shbama thktakm thnad fjbhrjcakky fjbhrjcakkyaa phnayakak chshdatak fak phkm`batak shnaia pasjhk thrshbut fjrawat fj suatu saraka  phnayakak chshdatak. Rhcai ihfjs yakm thratur fak rapj fjbuat sheara cr`k cr`k`n `n`m `mjs js fh fhkm kmak ak ba bajc jc fa fak k nhkm nhkmca cap p ac acak ak ihkl ihklaf afjj bu buct ctjj ya yakm km cu cuat at fj  phkmafjnak.

1

 

2

Bhbhrap Bhb hrapaa dan yakm yakm bhrcajt bhrcajtak ak fhkmak fhkmak asphc asphc du ducui cui rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs yajtu yajtu ch chrad radas asjaa jaak, k, ch chph phijn ijnjc jcak ak,, fa fak k ch chai aiak akak ak fa farj rj bh bhrc rcas as rh rhca cai i ihfj ihfjss jtu shkfjrj. @nhd carhka rhcai ihfjs afanad ijnjc phnayakak chshdatak fak jsj rhcai ihfjs afanad ijnjc pasjhk pasjhk iaca pjdac pjdac ruiad ruiad sacjt iaupuk iaupuk practjsj practjsj ch chsh shda datak tak najkk najkkya ya bh bhrt rtak akmm mmuk ukml mlaw awab ab ihkm ihkmat atur ur ph phky kyhb hbara arak, k, ihkl ihklam amaa chradasjaak, ihklama chaiakak jko`riasj chshdatak, fak luma ihnjkfukmj jsj jsj farj farjpa paf fa jko` jko`ri rias asjj yak akm m afa afa fj bhr hrca cass rh rhc cai ihf ihfjs, js, th thrd rdaf afap ap chiuk chi ukmcj mcjkak kak djnakmky djnakmkyaa chthrak chthrakmak mak iaupuk iaupuk iakjpuna iakjpunasj sj fata fata yakm yakm afa fj fanai fan ai rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs atau fjphrm fjphrmuka ukacak cak `nhd `nhd pjdac pjdac yakm yakm tjfac tjfac shdaru shdarusky skyaa (Datta, 2717). Whnhpasak jko`riasj chshdatak farj rhcai ihfjs atau yakm bjasa fjshbut sura suratt ch chth thrak rakma mak k ihfj ihfjss af afan anad ad su suatu atu sura suratt ch chth thrak rakma mak k ya yakm km fj fjbu buat at fa fak k fjtak fjtakfa fatak takam amkj kj `nhd `nhd staoo staoo ihfj ihfjss ou oukm kmsj` sj`ka kann fa fak k tji ihfj ihfjss ya yakm km bh bhrj rjsj sj jko`ri jko `riasj asj ihfjs ihfjs shsuj shsuj fhkmak fhkmak jsj bhrcas bhrcas rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs pasjhk pasjhk,, adnj adnj warjs warjs  pasjhk, jkstjtusj phihrjktad atau swasta. Uurat chthrakmak ihfjs

sheara

uiui fjbamj ihklafj fua yajtu surat chthrakmak ihfjs k`k phkmafjnak fak uktuc phkmafjnak. Lhkjs surat chthrakmak chthrakmak ihfjs uktuc phkmafjnak phkmafjnak afanad vjsui ht rhphrtui. rhphrtui. _jsui ht rhphrtui afanad chthrakmak yakm fjbuat `nhd f`cthr o`rhksjc atas  phrijktaak thrtunjs farj phkyjfjc bhrfasarcak suipad thktakm apa yakm fjnjdatt fak fjthiucak fjnjda fjthiucak pafa bhkfa yakm fjphrjcsa bhrfasarcak bhrfasarcak phkmhtaduak phkmhtaduak yakm shbajc yakm shbajc bajcky bajckyaa uktuc uktuc chphkt chphktjkm jkmak ak phkmaf phkmafjna jnak. k. Fanai Fanai phibua phibuatak tak vjsu vjsui i ht rh rhph phrtu rtui i fjbu fjbutu tudc dcak ak ch chrl rlasa asaia ia ak akta tara ra f` f`ct cthr hr o` o`rh rhks ksjc jc fak fak  phrhcai ihfjs. Xktuc jtu phkhrapak htjca pr`ohsj darus fjthrapcak fanai ch chrl rlasa asaia ia jkj jkj su supa paya ya ihkm ihkmda dasjn sjnca cak k du dubu bukm kmak ak ya yakm km ba bajc jc ak akta tarr pr pr`o `ohs hsjj chshdatak fj saraka phnayakak chshdatak (]anuyafj, 2778). Whky Whkyhnh hnhkm kmma maraa raak k rh rhca cai i ihfj ihfjss ya yakm km ba bajc jc bu buca cak k sh shia iata ta-i -iata ata uk uktu tuc  c  chph chphrn rnua uak k ihfj ihfjss

fak fak

afij afijkj kjst stra rasj sj,, th thta tapj pj lu luma ma ca carh rhka ka jsjk jsjky ya sa sakm kmat at

fjphrnucak fjphrn ucak `nhd jkfjvjfu jkfjvjfu fak `rmakjsasj `rmakjsasj yakm sheara ducui ducui bhrdac uktuc  uktuc  ihkmht ihk mhtadu adujky jkya. a. Whkmaf Whkmafjnak jnak shbamj shbamj sanad sanad satu bafak bafak rhsij rhsij sheara sheara du ducui cui

 

5

 bhrdac uktuc ihijkta phiaparak jsj rhcai ihfjs ljca casus yakm shfakm fjtakmakjkya ihibutudcak rhcai ihfjs shbamaj anat buctj phkyhnjfjcak. Whtumas rhcai ihfjs darus ihiadaij fak ihkmhrtj bamajiaka pr`shfur   phiaparak jsj rhcai ihfjs uktuc phkmafjnak. Whraturak ataupuk pr`shfur  thrsh thr shbu butt fjs` fjs`sja sjanjs njsasj asjca cak k uk uktu tuc c fj fjnac nacsak sakac acak ak `n `nhd hd pj pjda dacc-pj pjda dac c ya yakm km  bhrsakmcutak fhkmak phiaparak jsj rhcai ihfjs, shdjkmma tjfac thrlafj chsanadak chsanad ak pr`shfur pr`shfur fak tjfac ihkjibuncak ihkjibuncak afakya tuktutak fjiasa yakm acak fatakm. E`fjkm afanad sanad satu chmjatak phkm`nadak fata rhcai ihfjs uktuc  ihibhr ihi bhrjca jcak k c`fh c`fh fhkmak fhkmak duruo duruo atau atau fhkmak fhkmak akmca akmca atau atau c`ibjk c`ibjkasj asj duruo  duruo  fak akmca akmca yakm yakm ihwacj ihwacjnj nj c`ip`k c`ip`khk hk fata. fata. Chmjata Chmjatak k fak tjkfac tjkfacak ak shrta shrta fjamk`sjs yakm afa fanai rhcai ihfjs darus fj bhrj c`fh fak shnaklutkya fj jk jkfh fhcs cs am amar ar ihiu ihiufa fadc dcak ak ph phnay nayaka akak k pa pafa fa ph phky kyalj aljak ak jk jko` o`ri rias asjj uk uktu tuc  c  ihkuklakm oukmsj phrhkeakaak, iakamhihk, fak rjsht bjfakm chshdatak. Whib Whibhr hrjak jak c` c`fh fh jk jkjj ihru ihrupa paca cak k ch chmj mjata atak k cn cnasj asjoj ojca casj sj ph phky kyacj acjtt fa fak k tjkfacak yakm ihkmhn`ip`cak phkyacjt fak tjkfacak bhrfasarcak erjthrja thrthkt thrt hktu u yakm yakm thnad thnad fjshpa fjshpacat catj. j. Whibhr Whibhrjak jak c`fh c`fh atas atas fjamk` fjamk`sjs sjs cnasjoj cnasjojcas casjj  phkyacjt yakm bhrnacu fhkmak ihkmmukacak JEF-17 uktuc ihkmc`fh  phkyacjt, shfakmcak JE@WJI fak JEFJEF-:-EI fjmukacak uktuc ihkmc`fh tjkfacak, shrta c`iputhr (`k-njkh) uktuc ihkmc`fh phkyacjt fak tjkfacak. JEF ihrupacak sjkmcatak farj Jkthrkatj`kan Utatjstjean Enassjojeatj`k `o  Fjsh Fjshas ashs hs akf akf Rhna Rhnath thf f Dhan Dhantd td Wr Wr`b `bnh nhis is fj fjia iaka ka ihiu ihiuat at cn cnas asjo jojc jcas asjj fjamk`stjc fjamk `stjc phkyacjt phkyacjt fhkmak fhkmak stakfar jkthrkasj`kan jkthrkasj`kan yakm fjsusuk bhrfasarcak bhrfasarcak sjsthi cathm`rj fak fjchn`ip`ccak fanai satuak phkyacjt ihkurut crjthrja yakm thnad fjshpacatj pacar jkthrkasj`kan (Djfayat, 271?). Uhdjkmma   JEF   fapat fapat fjca fjcata taca cak k sjs sjsthi thi ph phkm kmm` m`n` n`km kmak ak ph phky kyacj acjtt fa fak k iasanad iasa nad chshda chshdatak tak najkky najkkyaa sheara sheara jkthrka jkthrkasj` sj`kan kan yakm yakm fjtht fjthtapc apcak ak ihkuru ihkurutt crjthrjaa thrthktu. crjthrj thrthktu. Cnasjoj Cna sjojcas casjj phkyac phkyacjt jt bjsa fjfhoj fjfhojkjsj kjsjcak cak shbama shbamajj shbuad shbuad sjsthi sjsthi cathm` cathm`rj rj thipa thi patt lhkj lhkjss ph phky kyac acjt jt fjia fjiasu succ ccak ak sh shsu suaj aj fh fhkm kmak ak cr crjt jthr hrja ja ya yakm km th thnad nad fjthktucak (]D@, 2778).

 

6

B. Ruiusak Ruiusak Iasanad Iasanad

Bhrfasarcak Bhrfas arcak natar bhnacakm fj atas iaca fapat fjruiuscak fjruiuscak iasanad yajtu < 1. Apa yakm yakm fjiacsuf fjiacsuf fhkmak fhkmak C`fjkm0 C`fjkm0 2. Apa yakm yakm fjiacsuf fjiacsuf fhkmak fhkmak JEF-17 JEF-17 0 5. Bamajiaka Bamajiaka Aturak Aturak C`fjkm C`fjkm Runh Runh IB I`rbjfjtas0 I`rbjfjtas0 6. Apa fak fak Bamajiaka Bamajiaka Whibadasak Whibadasak Casus Casus Runh Runh IB 50

E. Vuluak Vuluak Whkunjsa Whkunjsak k

Vuluak Vul uak farj farj phkunj phkunjsak sak tumas tumas yakm yakm fjnacu fjnacucak cak `nhd `nhd para para phkunj phkunjss afanad afanad shbamaj bhrjcut< 1. Vuluak Vuluak Xiui Xiui Xktuc ihiphnalarj thktakm Aturak C`fjkm Runh IB I`rbjfjtas. 2. Vuluak Vuluak Cdusus Cdusus a. Xktuc Xktuc Ihkmhtaduj Ihkmhtaduj Whklhna Whklhnasak sak Vhktakm Vhktakm C`fjkm C`fjkm..  b. Xktuc Ihkmhtaduj Vhktakm JEF-17. e. Xktuc Xktuc Ihkmhtaduj Ihkmhtaduj Aturak Aturak C`fjkm C`fjkm Runh IB I`rbjf I`rbjfjtas. jtas. f. Xktuc Xktuc Ihkmhtaduj Ihkmhtaduj Whibada Whibadasak sak Casus Casus Runh IB 5.

F. Ujsthiatj Ujsthiatjca ca Whkunjsak Whkunjsak

Ujsthia Ujsth iatjc tjcaa iaca iacana nad d jkj jkj fjsa fjsaljc ljcak ak sh shear earaa rjkmc rjkmcas as fa fak k fj fjsu susu suk k fa fana nai i  bhbhrapa bab, fhkmak tuluak amar phibaea fapat nhbjd iufad fanai ihiada ihi adaij ij jsj fanai fanai Iacanad Iacanad fanai fanai phibua phibuatak tak,, fjiaka fjiaka iasjkm iasjkm-ia -iasjkm sjkm  bab acakihklhnascak dan-dan shbamaj bhrjcut < BAB J WHKFADXNXAK

Wafa bab jkj ihklhnascak ihkmhkaj Natar Bhnacakm, Ruiusak Iasanad, Vuluak Whkunjsak shrta Ujsthiatjca Whkunjsak.

 

8

BAB JJ WHIBADAUAK

Fanai bab jkj acak fjurajcak th`rj―th`rj uiui atau fasar fak cdusus farj farj C`fjk `fjkm, m, JEF EF-1 -17 7, Atu tura rak k C`f `fjk jkm m Runh Runh IB I`rb I`rbjf jfjt jtas as sh shrt rtaa Whibadasak Casus Runh IB 5. BAB JJJ WHKXVXW Wafa bab jkj bhrjsjcak chsjipunak yakm fjshrtaj sarak-sarak farj phkunjs.

 

BAB JJ WHIBADAUAK A. C`fjkm C`fjkm 1. Whkmhr Whkmhrtjak tjak C`fjkm C`fjkm

E`fjkm afanad sanad satu chmjatak phkm`nadak fata rhcai ihfjs uktu uk tuc c ih ihib ibhr hrjc jcak ak c` c`fh fh fh fhkm kmak ak du duru ruoo at atau au fh fhkm kmak ak ak akmc mcaa at atau au c`ibjkasj duruo fak akmca yakm ihwacjnj c`ip`khk fata. Chmjatak fak tjkfacak shrta fjamk`sjs yakm afa fanai rhcai ihfjs darus fj  bhrj c`fh fak shnaklutkya fj jkfhcs amar ihiufadcak phnayakak  pafa phkyaljak jko`riasj uktuc ihkuklakm oukmsj phrhkeakaak, iakamhihk, fak rjsht bjfakm chshdatak (Djfayat, 271?). Whibhrjak c`fh jkj ihrupacak chmjatak cnasjojcasj phkyacjt fak tjkfacak tjkfac ak yakm ihkmhn`ip`cak ihkmhn`ip`cak phky phkyacjt acjt fak tjkfa tjkfacak cak bhrfasa bhrfasarcak rcak erjthrja thrthktu yakm thnad fjshpa fjshpacatj. catj. Whibhrjak c`fh atas fjamk fjamk`sjs `sjs cnasjoj cna sjojcas casjj phk phkyac yacjt jt yak yakm m bhr bhrnac nacu u fhk fhkmak mak ihk ihkmm mmuka ukacak cak JEF JEF-17 -17 uktu uk tuc c ih ihkm kmc` c`fh fh ph phky kyac acjt, jt, shf shfak akmc mcak ak

JE@W JE @WJI JI fa fak k JE JEFF-::-EI EI

fjmukacak uktuc ihkmc`fh tjkfacak, shrta c`iputhr (`k-njkh) uktuc  ihkmc`fh phkyacjt fak tjkfacak. Bucu Bu cu phf`i phf`iak ak yakm yakm

fjsh fj shbu butt

Jkth Jk thrk rkat atj` j`ka kann En Enass assjoj jojea eatj` tj`k k `o 

Fjshashs akf Rhnathf Dhantd Wr`bnhis, Vhktd Rhvjsj`k (JEF ― 17) thrbjtak ]D@. Fj Jkf`khsja thrbjtak Jkf`khsja phkmm phkmmukaak ukaakkya kya thnad thnad fjthtapcak fjthtapcak `nhd Fhp. Chs. RJ shlac shlac tmn. 1: ― 2 ―1::?. JEF ―17 thrfjrj thrfjrj farj 5 v`nuih < a. _` _`nu nuih ih 1 (V (Vab abu una narr Njs jst) t),, bh bhrj rjsj sj th thkt ktak akm m dan an-d -dan an yak akm m ihkfucukm cnasjojcasj utaia.  b. _`nuih 2 (Jkstruetj`k Iakuan), bhrjsj thktakm phf`iak  phkmmukaak. e. _` _`nu nuih ih 5 (A (Anp npda dabht bhtje je Jk Jkfh fhx) x),, bh bhrjs rjsjj th thkt ktak akm m cn cnas asjo jojc jcasj asj  phkyacjt yakm fjsusuk bhrfasarcak jkfhcs ablaf atau sheara anpdabht,thrfjrj farj 5 shcsj<

?

 

=

Uhcs csjj 1 ih ihru rupa paca cak k cn cnas asjo jojc jcasj asj fj fjam amk` k`sjs sjs ya yakm km th thrth rthra ra 1) Uh fanai v`n 1. 2) Uh Uhc csj 2 ukt ktuc uc ih ihk kea earj rj phk hky yhb hbab ab nu nuar ar i` i`rb rbjf jfjt jtas as,, i`rtanjtas fak ihibu i`rtanjtas ihibuat at jstjnad farj bab 27. 5) Uh Uhcs csjj 5 ih ihru rupa paca cak k ta tabn bnhh `b `bat at-` -`ba bata tak k fa fak k zat zat cj cjij ijaa shba sh bama majj sa saib ibuk ukma mak k fa farj rj ba bab b 1: 1:,2 ,27 7 fa fak k ih ihkl klhn hnasc ascak ak jkfjcasj chlafjakkya.

2. Vuluak Vuluak C`fjkm C`fjkm a. Ihiufa Ihiufadca dcak k phkeata phkeatatak tak,, phkmui phkmuipun punak ak fak phkmai phkmaibjn bjnak ak chibanj chiba nj jko`riasj jko`riasj shsuaj fjamk`sh ataupuk tjkfacak ihfjs`phrasj yakm fjphrnucak ukjo`rijtas shbutak jstjnad (ihfjean thris)  b. Ihiufadcak hktry fata ch fatabash c`iputhr yakm thrshfja (s (sat atu u

e`f e`fh

bjs jsaa

ihw ihwac acjn jnjj bhb hbhr hrap apaa

th thri rijk jk`n `n` `mj

yak akm m

fjmukacak para f`cthr). e. Ih Ihkyhfjacak

fata

yakm

fjphrnucak

`nhd

sjsthi

 phibayarak/phkamjdak bjaya yakm fjlanakcak/fjapnjcasj. f. Ihiapa Ihiaparca rcak k jkfjca jkfjcasj sj anasak anasak ihkmap ihkmapaa pasjhk pasjhk ihiphr ihiphr`nh `nhd d asudak/phrawatak/phnayakak (lustjojcasj ruktukak chlafjak). h. Ihkyhfjacak

jko`riasj

fjamk`shs

fak

tjkfacak

(ihfjs/ (ihf js/`p `phr hrasj asj)) ba bamj mj rjsht rjsht,, hf hfuc ucas asjj fa fak k ca calja ljak k as ashsi hsihk hktt cuanjta cua njtass chnuar chnuarak/ ak/`ut `ute`i e`ihh (nhman (nhman fak `thktj `thktjc) c) (Iarlu (Iarluakj, akj, 271?).

5. Nakmcad Nakmcad ― nakmca nakmcad d uktuc uktuc ihkmc`fjk ihkmc`fjkm. m. Vhktucak cak lhkjs phrkyataak phrkyataak (Nhafthri) yakm acak fjc`fh fak a.   Vhktu ruluc ch Uhetj`k yakm shsuaj pafa Jkfhcs Anoabht b.

  Vhktucak n`casj —nhaf thri,‚. Xktuc Xktuc phkyacjt fak ehfhra

e.

  Bae Baeaa fak phf`iak phf`iakjj shiu shiuaa eat eatatak atak yakm thrfapat thrfapat fj baw bawad ad —nhaf thri‚

 

4

Baea ea shi shiua ua thr thri i yakm fj fjcu curu rukm km `n `nhd hd pa parhk rhktd tdhs hshs hs sh shthn thnad ad f. Ba —nhaf thri‚ h. Jc Jcut utjj fh fhkm kmak ak da datjtj-da datj tj sht shtja jap p ru rulu luca cak k sjn sjnak akm m —s —shh‚ hh‚ fa fak k —s —shh hh ans`‚ fj fanai Jkfhcs o. Rul Ruluc uc faotar faotar tabunasj tabunasj (_`nu (_`nuih ih J) ukt uktuc uc ihiastjc ihiastjcak ak k`i`r  k`i`r  c`fh yakm fjpjnjd m. Wh Whf` f`ia iakj kj sh shtja tjap p th thri ri jk jkcn cnus usjj fa fak k hc hcsc scnu nusj sj fj ba bawa wad d c` c`fh fh yakm fjpjnjd, atau fj bawad lufun bab, bn`c, atau cathm`rj. d. Vhk Vhktuc tucak ak c`f c`fhh

6. Wr`shf Wr`shfur ur E`fjkm E`fjkm a.   Ihibhr Ihibhrjj c`fh phky phkyacjt acjt pafa fjamk`sa pasjhk yakm thrfapat thrfapat  pafa bhrcas rhcai ihfjs shsuaj s hsuaj fhkmak JEF 17.  b. Ihkmdubukmj f`cthr yakm ihkakmakj pasjhk

yakm

 bhrsakmcutak apabjna fjamk`sa pasjhk thrshbut curakm bjsa fjihkmhrtj atau tjfac lhnas. e. Ihnacu Ihnacucak cak phkm` phkm`nadak nadak cnasjoj cnasjojcasj casj phkyac phkyacjt. jt. f. Ihibhr Ihibhrjcak jcak phnayakak phnayakak chpafa chpafa f`cthr atau phkhnjtj phkhnjtj najk yakm yakm acak ihnacucak phkhnjtjak yakm shsuaj jkfhc phkyacjt pasjhk, h. Da Dasjn sjn fj fjam amk` k`sj sjss fa farj rj f` f`ct cthr hr,, ih ihru rupa paca cak k fj fjam amk` k`sjs sjs ut utai aiaa iaupuk shbamaj fjamk`sa shcukfhr atau fjamk`sa najk yakm fapat bhrupa phkyacjt c`ipnjcasj, iaca darus ihkmmukacak  bucu JEF-17 (Jkthrkatj`kan Utatjstjean Enassjojeatj`k `o  Fjsha Fj shash shss ak akf f Rh Rhnat nathf hf Dh Dhant antd d Wr Wr`b `bnhi nhiss Vh Vhkt ktd d Rh Rhvj vjsj` sj`k) k).. Xktuc pasjhk yakm fjnacucak tjkfacak `phrasj, kaia `phrasj thrshbu thrs hbutt fjn fjnhkm hkmcap capjj fhk fhkmak mak c`f c`fh-c h-c`fh `fh `ph `phrasj rasj yak yakm m fap fapat at fjthktu fjth ktucak cak fhk fhkmak mak bak baktua tuak k bu bucu cu JE@ JE@WJI WJI fak JEF JEF-:-:-EI EI (Jkthrkasj`kan Enassjojeatj`k `o Wr`ehfurh jk Ihfjejkh). o. Fanai ihkearj ihkearj c`fh c`fh phkyacj phkyacjtt fapat fjearj fjearj bhrfasarc bhrfasarcak ak ablaf kaia ka ia ph phky kyacj acjtt yakm fa fapa patt fj fjnjd njdat at fj fa fana nai i bu bucu cu JE JEF-1 F-17 7

 

:

(Jkt hrkat atj` j`ka kann Uta Utatjs tjstj tjea eann En Enass assjo jojea jeatj` tj`k k `o Fj Fjsh shash ashss ak akf f (Jkthrk Rhnathf Dhantd Wr`bnhis Vhktd Rhvjsj`k). m. Nan Nanu u ukt uktuc uc jkfhxjkm jkfhxjkm fjnacuca fjnacucak k fhk fhkmak mak eara c`i c`iput puthr. hr. Luma fjmukacak nhibarak c`fh phkyacjt yakm shrjkm iukeun uktuc  ihiphriufad pr`shs phkmc`fhak (Wrac`sa, 2716).

8. C`iphthksj C`iphthksj Whrhcai Whrhcai Ihfjs a. Ihkhkt Ihkhktuca ucak k k`i`r k`i`r c`fh fjamk` fjamk`sjs sjs pasjhk pasjhk shsuaj shsuaj phtukl phtukluc  uc  fak phraturak pafa phf`iak bucu JEF yakm bhrnacu (JEF17 _`nuih 2),  b. Ihkmuipuncak c`fh fjamk`sjs pasjhk uktuc ihihkudj sjsthi sjst hi phkmhn phkmhn`na `naak, ak, phkyji phkyjipak pakak ak fata, fata, phnap` phnap`rak rak uktuc  uktuc  chbutudak akanjs njsjs fjchibakmcak,

sh shb bab

tukmman

phkyac acjt jt

yak akm m

e. Ihkmcn Ihkmcnasjo asjojca jcasjc sjcak ak fata fata c`fh c`fh fjamk` fjamk`sjs sjs ya yakm km acurat acurat bamj bamj chphkt chp hktjkm jkmak ak jko`ri jko`riasj asj i`rbjf i`rbjfjtas jtas fak sjsthi sjsthi phnap` phnap`rak rak i`rbjfjtas yakm fjdaruscak, f. Ihkyal Ihkyaljca jcak k jko`ri jko`riasj asj i`rbjf i`rbjfjta jtass fhkmak fhkmak acurat acurat fak thpat wactu bamj chphktjkmak i`kjt`rjkm CNB hpjfhij`n`mj fak najkkya, h. Ihkmhn Ihkmhn`na `na jkfhcs jkfhcs phkyac phkyacjt jt fak tjkfacak tjkfacak muka chphktjkm chphktjkmak ak nap`rak nap`r ak ihfj ihfjss fa fak k statjs statjstjc tjc shrta shrta ph phri rijk jkta taak ak jk jko` o`ri riasj asj  pasjhk sheara ehpat fak thrphrjkej, o. Ihkl Ihklai aijk jk

vanjf anjfjt jtas as

Ihkm Ih kmhi hiba bakm kmca cak k

fat ataa

fa fak k

uktu tuc c

rh rhm mjstr jstras asjj

phky hkyac acjt jt,,

ihkm ihkmji jipn pnhi hihk hkta tasjc sjcak ak

ph phtu tukl kluc  uc 

stakfar c`fjkm fak phkf`cuihktasjak. m. Whriasanad Whriasanad Zakm Uhrjkm Uhrjkm Vhrlafj Vhrlafj Fanai Fanai Whkmc`fhojc Whkmc`fhojcasjak asjak E`kt`d E`k t`d Whkmc Whkmc`fh `fhak ak bhrfasa bhrfasarca rcak k JEF-17 JEF-17 < A77.7 A77.7 cd`nhra cd`nhra yakm

fjshbabcak

`nhd

cuiak

vjbr`

c`nhrah

71.

Whriasanadak yakm shrjkm fjthiucak yajtu, Chtjfac lhnasak  phkunjsak fjamk`sjs fak Whkhmacak fjamk`sjs bhnui thpat.

 

17

E`fjkm Fanai Wr`mrai Wr`mrai JKA-FRM ?.   Whrakak Whtumas E`fjkm JKA FRM afanad sjkmcatak farj Jkf`khsjak Fjamk`stje Rhnathf Mr`u Mr `up. p. Wr Wr`m `mrai rai jk jkjj ac acak ak sh shmh mhra ra cj cjta ta thrap thrapca cak k uk uktu tuc c ihkm ihkmma makt ktjj  pr`mrai LAICHUIAU shbhnuikya. FRM ihrupacak suatu sjsthi  phibhrjak jibanak lasa phnayakak chshdatak pafa phkyhfja  phnayakak

chshdatak

(WWC)

yakm

fjthtapcak

bhrfasarcak

 phkmhn`ip`ccak fjamk`sa phkyacjt. Fjamk`sjs fanai FRM shsuaj fh fhkm kmak ak JEF-: JEF-:-E -EI I (J (Jkt kthrk hrkat atj` j`ka kann Enassj Enassjoje ojeat atj` j`k k Fjsh Fjshash ash Kj Kjkt ktd d Hfjtj` Hfj tj`k k Enjkje Enjkjean an I`fjoje I`fjojeatj` atj`k) k) fak JEF-17 JEF-17.. Fhkmak Fhkmak afaky afakyaa JEF ihiufa ihi ufadca dcak k fanai fanai phkmhn phkmhn`ip `ip`cc `ccak ak phkyac phkyacjt jt amar amar tjfac tjfac thrlaf thrlafjj tuipakm tjkfjd. Whkmhn`ip`ccak fjamk`sjs fjthtapcak bhrfasarcak fua fua pr prjk jksj sjp p yajtu ajtu enjk enjkje jean an d` d`i` i`m mhk hkjt jty y (p (pas asjh jhk k yak akm m ihij ihijnj njcj cj chsaiaak

cnjkjs)

ihkm ih kmmu muka kaca cak k

fak

rhs`ureh

jkth jkthk ksj sjta tass

d`i`mhkjty

su suib ibhr hr-s -sui uib bhr

yak akm m

(pasjh sjhk

yak akm m

sa saia ia

uk uktu tuc  c 

thrapj/chsaiaak c`ksuisj suibhrfaya). Anasak Ana sak phrnu phrnu afaky afakyaa cnasjoj cnasjojcas casjj phkyac phkyacjt jt afanad afanad badwa badwa ruiad ruiad sacjt ihijnjcj bakyac pr`fuc phnayakak chshdatak shdjkmma fhkmak afakya cnasjojcasj thrshbut fapat ihkhrakmcak farj bhrbamaj pr`fuc  thr thrshbut.

Uhnaj najk

jtu tu,,

fapat

luma

ihibaktu

cnjk jkjjsj

fanai

ihkjkmcatcak ihkjkm catcak phnayakak, ihibaktu fanai ihiadaij ihiadaij phiacajak phiacajak suibhrfaya suibhr faya fak ihkejptacak ihkejptacak an`casj suibhrfaya suibhrfaya yakm nhbjd afjn, ihkjkm ihk jkmcatc catcak ak hojsjhk hojsjhksj sj fanai fanai ihnaya ihnayakj kj pasjhk pasjhk shrta shrta ihkyhf ihkyhfjac jacak ak jko`riasj yakm c`iparatjo aktar ruiad sacjt. Fasar ducuikya ducuikya puk sufad fjthrbjtcak fjthrbjtcak bhrfasarcak Chputusak Chputusak Fj Fjrlh rlhk k Bj Bjka ka Whna Whnaya yaka kak k Ihfj Ihfjc c K`. K`. DC. DC. 77 77.7 .7?. ?.1. 1.1. 1.21 216 6 thktak thktakm m Whibhk Whi bhktuc tucak ak Chn`ip Chn`ip`c `c Chrla Chrla Ehktrh Ehktrh O`r Eash-I Eash-Ijx. jx. Chputu Chputusak sak Ihkchs Ihk chs RJ K`i`r K`i`r 128/IH 128/IHKCH KCHU/U U/UC/J C/JJ/2 J/2774 774 Vhktak Vhktakm m Whf`ia Whf`iak k Whkyh Whk yhnhkm nhkmmar maraak aak Wr`mra Wr`mrai i Laijka Laijkak k Chshda Chshdatak tak Iasyar Iasyaraca acatt Vaduk Vaduk 2774.

 

11

=. Uubsjsthi Uubsjsthi Whkmc`fha Whkmc`fhak k Chmj Ch mjata atak k

ph phkm kmc` c`fh fhaa aak k

ph phib ibhr hrjak jak ph phkh khta tapak pak c` c`fh fh fh fhkm kmak ak

ihkmm ihk mmuka ukacak cak duruo duruo fak akmca akmca atau c`ibjk c`ibjkasj asj aktara aktara duruo duruo fak akmca yakm akmca yakm ihwacj ihwacjnj nj c`ip`k c`ip`khk hk fata. fata. Chmjat Chmjatak ak yakm yakm fjnacuc fjnacucak ak fanai c`fjkm ihnjputj chmjatak phkmc`fhak fjack`sjs phkyacjt fak  phkmc`fhak tjkfacak ihfjs. Vhkama rhcai ihfjs shbamaj phibhrj c`fh bhrtakmmukm lawab atas chacuratak c`fh. C`fh cnasjsjcasj phkyacjt `nhd ]D@ (]`rnf Dhantd @rmakjzatj`k) @rmakjzatj`k)  bhrtuluak uktuc ihkyhramaicak kaia fak m`n`mak phkyacjt, ejfhra, mhlana, fak oaet`r yakm ihiphkmarudj chshdatak. Uhlac taduk 1::5 ]D@ ]D @ ihkm ihkmda daru rusc scak ak Khma Khmara ra ak akmm mm`t `tak akya ya thria thriasu suc c

Jk Jkf` f`kh khsja sja

ihkmmukac ihkm mukacak ak cnasjojcasj cnasjojcasj phkyacjt phkyacjt rhvjsj 17 (JEF-17, (JEF-17, Jkthrkatj`kan Jkthrkatj`kan statjstjean enassjojeatj`k `o fjshash akf rhanathf dhantd pr`bnhi thktd rhvjsj`k). rhvjsj` k). Kaiuk, fj Jkf`khsja Jkf`khsja shkfjrj shkfjrj JEF-17 JEF-17 baru fjthtapcak uktuc  ihkm ih kmmak maktjc tjcak ak JEFJEF-: : pa pafa fa taduk taduk 1: 1::4 :4 ihnan ihnanuj uj UC Ihkc Ihkchs hs RJ  K`.87/IHKCHU/CHU/UC/J/1::4.  K`.87/IHKCHU/CHU/UC /J/1::4. Uhfakmcak uktuc phkmc`fhak tjkfacak ihfjs fjnacucak ihkmmukacak JEF-:EI. Chehpatak fak chthpatak e`fjkm farj suatu fjamk`sjs fjphkmarudj `nhd `nh d bhbhrap bhbhrapaa oaet`r oaet`r fjakta fjaktarak rakya ya tunjsak tunjsak f`cthr f`cthr yakm yakm sunjt sunjt fjbaea fjbaea,, fjamk fja mk`sjs `sjs yakm yakm tjfac tjfac sphsjoj sphsjojc, c, fak chthra chthraipj ipjnak nak phtuma phtumass e`fjkm e`fjkm fanai

phijnjd jnjdaak

c`fh.

Wafa

pr`shs

e`fjkm

afa

bhbhra rap pa

chiukmcjk chiukm cjkak ak yakm yakm fapat fapat ihiphk ihiphkmar marudj udj dasjn dasjn phkmc phkmc`fh `fhak ak farj farj  phtumas e`fjkm, yajtu badwa phkhtapak fjamk`sjs pasjhk ihrupacak dac, chwaljbak, chwaljbak, fak takmmukm takmmukm lawab thkama ihfjs yakm ihibhrjcak ihibhrjcak  phrawatak pafa pasjhk, fak thkama e`fjkm fj bamjak ukjt rhcai ihfj ih fjss tjfa tjfac c b`nh b`nhd d ihkm ihkmub ubad ad ( ihka ihkaib ibad ad at atau au ihkm ihkmur urak akm) m) fjamk fja mk`sjs `sjs yakm yakm afa. afa. Vhkama Vhkama rhcai rhcai ihfjs ihfjs bhrtak bhrtakmmu mmukml kmlawa awab b atas atas chacur cha curatak atak c`fh c`fh farj farj suatu suatu fjamk` fjamk`sjs sjs yak yakm m sufad sufad fjthtap fjthtapcak cak `nhd `nhd thkam thk amaa ihfj ihfjs. s. Apab Apabjna jna af afaa da dann ya yakm km cu cura rakm km lh lhnas nas,, th thka kama ma rh rhca cai i ihfjs

ihipukyaj

dac

fak

chwaljb jbaak

ihkakyacak

atau

 

12

 bhrc`iukjcasj fhkmak thkama chshdatak yakm bhrsakmcutak. Fanai  pr`shs e`fjkm iukmcjk thrlafj bhbhrapa chiukmcjkak, yajtu< a. Whkhtapak Whkhtapak fjamk`sjs fjamk`sjs yakm yakm sanad shdjkmma shdjkmma ihkyhbabc ihkyhbabcak ak dasjn  phkmc`fhak sanad.  b. Whkhtapak

fjamk`sjs

 phkmc`fhaksanad

yakm

ihkhktucak

bhkar, c`fh,

thtapj

phtumas

shdjkmma

dasjn

 phkmc`fhak sanad. e. Whkhtap Whkhtapak ak fjamk` fjamk`sjs sjs f`cthr f`cthr curakm curakm lhnas, chiufj chiufjak ak fjbaea fjbaea sanad atau phtumas phtumas phkmc`fhak phkmc`fhak,, shdjkmma shdjkmma dasjn phkmc`fhak phkmc`fhak sanad. @n @nhd hd ca carhk rhkaa jtu, jtu, cu cuan anjta jtass da dasjn sjn ph phkm kmc` c`fh fhak ak bh bhrm rmak aktu tukm km pa pafa fa chnhkmcapak fjamk`sjs js,, chlhn lhnasa sak k tu tunj njssak  pr`ohsj`kanjsih f`cthr fak phtumas phkmc`fhak.

f`cth thrr,

shrta

B. JEF-1 JEF-17 7

1. Whkmhr Whkmhrtjak tjak JEF-17 JEF-17 JEF

ihru ihrup pacak acak

sj sjkm kmca cata tak k

fa farj rj

Jk Jkth thrk rkat atj` j`ka kann

Utat Utatjs jstj tjea eann

Enassjoj Enas sjojeatj eatj`k `k `o Fjshash Fjshashss akf Rhnathf Rhnathf Dhantd Dhantd Wr`bnh Wr`bnhis is fjiaka fjiaka ihiuat cnasjojcasj fjamk`stjc phkyacjt fhkmak stakfar jkthrkasj`kan yakm fjsusuk bhrfasarcak bhrfasarcak sjsthi cathm`rj fak fjchn`ip`c fjchn`ip`ccak cak fanai sa satu tuak ak phky phkyac acjt jt ihku ihkuru rutt crjt crjthr hrja ja yak akm m th thna nad d fj fjsh shpa paca catj tj pa paca car  r  jkthrkasj`kan. Uhdjkmma JEF fapat fjcatacak sjsthi phkmm`n`kmak phkyacjt fak iasanad iasa nad chshda chshdatak tak najkky najkkyaa

sheara sheara jkthrk jkthrkasj` asj`kan kan

yakm yakm fjthtap fjthtapcak cak

ihkurut ihkur ut crjthrja crjthrja thrthktu. thrthktu. Cnasjoj Cna sjojcas casjj phkyac phkyacjt jt bjsa fjfhojk fjfhojkjsjc jsjcak ak shbama shbamajj shbuad shbuad sjsthi sjsthi cathm` cat hm`rj rj thipat thipat lhkjs lhkjs phkyac phkyacjt jt fjiasu fjiasucca ccak k shsuaj shsuaj fhkmak fhkmak crjthrj crjthrjaa yakm thnad fjthktucak (]D@, 2778).

 

15

2. Oukmsj Oukmsj JEF-17 JEF-17 Uhbamajiaka fjchiucacak `nhd (Datta M. R., 2774), oukmsj JEF sanad satukya afanad shbamaj bhrjcut< a.   Ihkm Ihkmjk jkfh fhcs cs ph phke keata atata tak k ph phky kyac acjt jt fa fak k tjkfa tjkfaca cak k fj sa sara raka ka  phnayakak chshdatak. chshda tak.  b.   Iasucak bamj sjsthi phnap`rak fjamk`sjs ihf ihfjs. js. e.   Badak Badak fa fasa sarr fa fanai nai ph phkm kmhn` hn`ip ip`c `cak ak FRM‚ FRM‚ss (Fjam (Fjamk` k`sjs sjs-Rhnathf Mr`ups) uktuc sjsthi phkamjdak bjaya phnayakak. Whna nap` p`ra rak k f.   Wh

kasj kasj`k `kan an

fa fak k

jk jkth thrk rkas asj` j`ka kann

i`rb i`rbjf jfjt jtas as

fa fak k

i`rtanjtas.

5. Utructu Utructurr JEF-17 JEF-17 Ihkurut (Datta M. R., 2774) , fanai bucu JEF-17 Ihkurut JEF-17 thrfjrj farj 5 v`nuih, yajtu< a. _`nu _`nuih ih 1 phkyacjt. 1)   Wusat-pusat c`nab`rasj ]D@ uktuc cnasjojcasj phkyacjt. 2)   Nap`rak c`kohrhksj Jkthrkasj`kan yakm yakm ihkyhtuluj rhvjsj  JEF-17.  JEF -17. 5)   Faotar cathm`rj 5 caracthr. 6)   Faotar tabunasj tabunasj phkyacjt fak faotar cathm`rj thriasuc thriasuc sub cathm`rj hipat caracthr. 8)   Faotar i`ro`n`mj kh`pnasia. i`rtanjtas. ?)   Faotar tabunasj cdusus i`rbjfjtas fak i`rtanjtas. =)   Fhojkjsj-fhojkjsj. 4)   Rhmunasj-rhmunasj k`ihkcnatur. :)   Faotar tabunasj tabunasj i`rtanjtas i`rtanjtas thrfjrj thrfjrj atas < a) Faotar 1-chiatja 1-chiatjak k uiui-faotar uiui-faotar fhkmak fhkmak 175 phkyhb phkyhbab ab yakm akm nu nuas as (Mhk Mhkhra hrann I`rtanj I`rtanjty ty E`kfhk E`kfhkshf shf Njst-1 Njst-175 75 Eaushs). Eaushs ).

 

16

 b) Faotar 2-chiatjak uiui-faotar thrpjnjd fhkmak 47  phkyhbab

(Mh Mhkh khra rann

I`rt I`rtan anjt jtyy

Uh Uhnh nhet ethf hf

Njst Njst-4 -47 7

Eaushs). Eaushs ). e) Faota Faotarr 55-ch chia iatja tjak k ba bayj yj fa fak k ak akac ac-f -fao aotar tar fh fhkm kmak ak ?=  phkyhbab yakm nuas ( Jkoakt akf Edjnf I`rtanjty E`kfhkshf Njst-?= Eaushs). Eaushs). f) Faot Faotar ar 66-ch chia iatj tjak ak ba bayj yj fa fak k ak akac ac-f -fao aota tarr th thrp rpjn jnjd jd fhkm fhkmak ak 81 phky phkyhb hbab ab ( Jkoakt akf Edjnf I`rtanjty Uhnhethf Njst-81 Eaushs). Eaushs). 17) Faotar tabunasj i`rbjfjtas (thrfjrj farj 2:4 phkyhbab)< a) _`nu _`nuih ih 1 (hfj (hfjsj sj ch ch-1 -1)) th thrf rfjr jrjj atas atas 21 ba bab b fh fhkm kmak ak sjsthi sjst hi c`fh c`fh anoakui anoakuihrj hrjc. c. Wafa Wafa v`nuih v`nuih 1 hfjsj hfjsj ch-2 ch-2 thrf thrfap apat at phka phkaib ibad adak ak ba bab b ihkl ihklaf afjj 22 ba bab. b. Bab Bab fjsusuk ihkurut mrup sjsthi akat`ij fak mrup cdusus. Mrup cdusus ihkeacup phkyacjt-phkyacjt yakm sunjt uktuc fjnhtacak sheara akat`ijs. Whkmc`fhak fjiunaj fhkmak duruo, 18 bab ihkmmukacak satu duruo (Bab J_-_J, JT-T_JJJ, TTJ fak TTJJ), tjma bab ihkmmukacak duruo yakm luma fjpacaj `nhd bab najk (Bab JJJ ihkmmukac ihkmm ukacak ak anpdabht anpdabht F, yakm saia fhkmak fhkmak kh`pnasia, kh`pnasia, bab _JJJ fak _J fak _JJJ _JJJ ihk ihkmm mmuk ukac acak ak ab abla laf f D), fak fak hip hipat bab ihijnjcj nhbjd farj satu duruo (Bab J, JJ, TJT, fak TT). ihijnjcj  b. _`nuih 2 Bucu JEF-17 v`nuih 2 afanad bucu phtukluc phkmmukaak JEF-17 JEF-1 7 yakm bhrjsj < 1) Whklhna Whklhnasak sak thktak thktakm m   JEF   ( Jkthrkatj`kan Enassjojeatj`k @o    Fjshashs akf Dhantd Wr`bnhis). 2) Eara Eara phkm phkmmuk mukaak aak JEF  JEF-17. -17. 5) Atur Aturak ak fak fak

phtuk htuklu luc c

i`rtanjtas. 6) Wrhshktasj Wrhshktasj statjstjc. statjstjc.

phk hkm mc` c`fh fhak ak i`rb i`rbjf jfjt jtas as fak

 

18

8) Rjwayat Rjwayat phrchibakm phrchibakmak ak JEF.  JEF. e. _`nu _`nuih ih 5 Fjshbut Anpdabhtjean Jkfhcs (Jkfhcs ablaf). Zakm thrfjrj farj < 1) Uusukak Uusukak jkfhcs jkfhcs sheara uiui. 2) Uhcsj J < jkfhcs jkfhcs ablaf ablaf phkyacjt, phkyacjt, bhktuc bhktuc ehfhra. ehfhra. 5) Uhcsj JJ < phkyhb phkyhbab ab nuar nuar ehfhra. ehfhra. 6) Uhcsj JJJ JJJ < Vabhn Vabhn `bat fak zat cjija. 8) Whrbajcak Whrbajcak thrdaf thrdafap ap v`nuih v`nuih 1. 6.   Fasar Ihkhktucak C`fh Bhrfasarcak Bhrfasarcak JEF-17 Fasar Fa sar fa fanai nai ih ihkh khkt ktuc ucak ak c` c`fh fh bh bhrf rfasa asarc rcak ak   JEF JEF-1 -17 7 af afan anad ad shbamaj bhrjcut< a. Jf Jfhk hktjo tjojc jcasj asj tjph tjph ph phrk rkya yataa taak k ya yakm km ac acak ak fj fjc` c`fh fh fa fak k njdat njdat fj  bucu JEF  bucu  JEF v`nuih  v`nuih 5 ( Anpdabhtjean ( Anpdabhtjean Jkfhx). Jkfhx). Ljca phrkyataakkya afanad afa nad phkyac phkyacjt jt atau atau ehfhra ehfhra atau atau najkky najkkyaa fjcnasj fjcnasjojc ojcasj asjcak cak fanai bab 1-1: fak 21 (Uhetj` j`k k J _`nuih 5). Ljc Ljca  phrkyataakkya

afanad

phkyhbab

nuar

atau

ehfhra

fjcnasjojcasjcak pafa bab 27 (Uhetj` (Uhetj`k k JJ _`nuih _`nuih 5)  b. Vhktucak   Nhaf Vhri Vhri. Xktuc Xktuc phkyac phkyacjt jt fak ehfhra bjasak bjasakya ya afanad cata bhkfa uktuc c`kfjsj pat`n`mjs. pat`n`mjs. Kaiui, bhbhrapa c` c`kf kfjsj jsj fjlhn fjlhnasc ascak ak fa fana nai i ca cata ta sjoa sjoatt at atau au xx xxx x fj fjia iasu succ ccak ak fanai jkfhx shbamaj Nhaf shbamaj  Nhaf Vhri. Vhri. e. Baea Baea fa fak k jc jcut utjj sh shiu iuaa ea eatat tatak ak at atau au ph phtu tukl kluc uc fj fjba bawa wad d ca cata ta cukej. f. Baea Baea shtjap shtjap eatatak eatatak fanai takfa takfa curukm curukm shthnad shthnad cata cukej cukej (phklh (ph klhnasa nasak k jkj tjfac tjfac ihiphk ihiphkmar marudj udj c`fh) c`fh) fak phklhna phklhnasak sak jkfhktasj jkfhk tasj fjbawad fjbawad   nhaf thri   (phklhnasak (phklhnasak jkj ihiphkmaru ihiphkmarudj dj c`fh) saipaj shiua cata fanai fjamk`sjs threaktui. h. Jcutj Jcutj shtjap phtukl phtukluc uc rulucak rulucak sjnakm sjnakm („ shh („ shh’’ fak „ shh „ shh ans`’) ans`’) yakm fjthiucak fanai jkfhx

 

1?

o. Ehc chthpa chthpatak tak c`fh c`fh yakm thnad thnad fjpjnjd fjpjnjd pafa pafa v`nuih v`nuih 1. Xktuc  Cathm`rj 5 caracthr fhkmak.- ( p`jkt ( p`jkt fasd) fasd) bhrartj afa caracthr  ch 6 yakm da daru russ fjthk fjthktu tuca cak k pa pafa fa _`nu _`nuih ih 1 ca carh rhka ka tjfac  tjfac  thrfapat fanai Jkfhx m. Baea Baea sh shtj tjap ap   jkenusj`k   atau   hxenusj`k   fjbaw fjbawad ad c` c`fh fh ya yakm km fjpjnjd fjp jnjd atau fjbawa fjbawad d bab atau fjbawa fjbawad d bn`c bn`c atau atau fjbawa fjbawad d  lufun cathm`rj. d. Vhktuc Vhktucak ak C`fh. C`fh.

8. Aturak fanai Ihkyhnh Ihkyhnhcsj csj Chibanj Chibanj Fjamk`sa Fjamk`sa Xtaia Xtaia Ihkurut Whrihkchs K`. 2= tdk 2716 thktakm Luckjs Ujsthi   JKA EBMs,, shbamaj c`fhr yakm bajc fanai ihkhktucak suatu fjamk`sa EBMs yajtu fhkmak ihkyhnhcsj chibanj fjamk`sa yakm thnad fj thmaccak. Xktuc Xkt uc jtu aturak aturak fanai fanai ihkyh ihkyhnhcs nhcsjj suatu suatu fjamk` fjamk`sa sa utaia utaia afanad afanad shbamaj bhrjcut< a. Wh Whkunjsak

fjamk`sjs

darus

nhkmcap

fak

sphsjojc  

(ihkuklucc (ihku kluccak ak nhtac, t`p`mraoj, t`p`mraoj, fak htj`n`mjkya). htj`n`mjkya). Fjamk`sjs Fjamk`sjs darus ihipukyaj kjnaj jko`riatjo shsuaj fhkmak cathm`rj JEF cathm`rj  JEF yakm sphsjojc. E`kt`d E`k t`d < -   Aeuth apphkfjejtjs wjtd phro`ratj`k -

Fjabhtje Fjabhtje eataraet, eataraet, jksunjk-fhp jksunjk-fhphkfhk hkfhkt  t 

- Aeut Aeuthh rhkan rhkan oa oajnu jnurh rh  b. C`fh fjamk`sjs Fammhr  fjamk`sjs  Fammhr  (†)   (†) fak Asthrjsc  fak  Asthrjsc  (*)  (*) Ljcaa ihiu Ljc ihiukm kmcj cjkc kcak, ak, c` c`fh fh fa famm mmhr hr fa fak k asthr asthrjsc jsc da daru russ fjmukacak shbamaj c`kfjsj utaia, carhka c`fh-c`fh thrshbut ihkakfacak fua patdways fua  patdways yakm  yakm bhrbhfa uktuc satu c`kfjsj. E`kt`d