Mašinski elementi 1

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɡɚɩɨɞɢɡɚʃɟɬɟɪɟɬɚɫɚɫɬɨʁɢɫɟɨɞɩɨɝɨɧɫɤɨɝɞɟɥɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɨɬɨɪɚ ɡɭɩɱɚɫɬɨɝ ɩɪɟɧɨɫɧɢɤɚɫɧɚɝɟ ɢɪɚɞɧɨɝɞɟɥɚɞɨɛɨɲɭɠɟɤɭɤɚ 

 ɉɪɨɩɢɫɚɬɢɨɞɝɨɜɚɪɚʁɭʄɚɧɚɥɟɝɚʃɚɡɚɫɥɟɞɟʄɟɫɩɨʁɟɜɟɩɪɢɤɚɡɚɬɢɬɚɛɟɥɚɪɧɨ  ɩɨɤɥɨɩɰɚɢɤɭʄɢɲɬɚ' ɡɭɩɱɚɧɢɤɚɢɜɪɚɬɢɥɚG] ɤɥɢɧɚɢɠɥɟɛɚɭɜɪɚɬɢɥɭE

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

  

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

PP PP PP

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

 

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

I  +K

Ɂɚɫɤɥɨɩɤɭʄɢɲɬɚɢɩɨɤɥɨɩɰɚɭɫɜɚʁɚɦɥɚɛɚɜɨɧɚɥɟɝɚʃɟ (V

 PP

HV



(L



PP

HL

 PP

'J

'  (V



'G

'  (L



=J

'J  G G

 PP

75

( V  (L

 PP

7Q

72  75



PP PP

PP

GJ

G  HV



PP

GG

G  HL



PP

=G

'G  G J



PP

H V  HL



PP

72

PP

= 

+

7Q

+K =G

=J

HV

 7R

(L



HL

(V

7U

=J



K 

3

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

 

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

I  +   Q

Ɂɚɫɤɥɨɩɝɥɚɜɱɢɧɚɡɭɩɱɚɧɢɤɚɜɪɚɬɢɥɨɭɫɜɚʁɚɦɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɧɨɧɚɥɟɝɚʃɟ (V

 PP

HV



PP

(L



PP

HL



PP

'J

'  (V



'G

'  (L



=J

'J  G G

 PP

75

( V  (L

 PP

7Q

72  75



PP PP

GJ

G  HV



PP

GG

G  HL



PP

3J

G J  'G H V  HL

72

 PP 

PP

PP

=





3J

HV

7R

Q

 =J

HL

+

(V

7U

=J



3J

7Q

+Q



3

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

 

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

I  3  K

Ɂɚɫɤɥɨɩɤɥɢɧɚɢɠɥɟɛɚɭɜɪɚɬɢɥɢɭɫɜɚʁɚɦɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɧɨɧɚɥɟɝɚʃɟ (V

 PP

HV



(L

 PP

HL

 PP

'J

'  (V



'G

'  (L

 PP

=J

'J  G G

 PP

75

( V  (L

 PP

7Q

72  75

 PP

PP

PP

GJ

G  HV



GG

G  HL

 PP

3J 72

G J  'G H V  HL

PP

 PP 

PP

=

=J



7Q

(V

3K

3J

7R

HL

=J

(L

K 7U

3J



3





 3

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

 

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

ɍɫɜɚʁɚɦɫɥɟɞɟʄɟɤɜɚɥɢɬɟɬɟɨɛɪɚɻɟɧɟɩɨɜɪɲɢɧɚɧɚɨɫɧɜɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟɬɨɥɟɪɚɧɰɢɫɤɨɝɩɨʂɚ

I  I



I



+ K + Q 3 K

1 1 1 1 1 1

 Ⱦɢɦɟɧɡɢɨɧɢɫɚɬɢɜɪɚɬɢɥɨɢɡɜɪɲɢɬɢɢɡɛɨɪɤɥɢɧɚɢɥɟɠɚʁɟɜɚ ɉɨɞɚɰɢ

P

 NJ

'G

 PP

Ɇɚɫɚɬɟɪɟɬɚ ɉɪɟɱɧɢɤɞɨɛɨɲɚ

O

Ɋɚɫɬɨʁɚʃɟɢɡɦɟɻɭɨɫɥɨɧɚɰɚ

 ˜ G Z

.$

Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɞɚ E=

ɒɢɪɢɧɚɡɭɩɱɚɧɢɤɚ

 ˜ G Z



E

ȼɪɟɦɟɬɪɚʁɚʃɚɥɟɠɚʁɟɜɚ Ȼɪɡɢɧɚɞɢɡɚʃɚɬɟɪɟɬɚ

 PP

G Z

ɉɨɞɟɨɧɢɩɪɟɱɧɢɤɩɨɝɨɧɫɤɨɝɡɭɩɱɚɧɢɤɚ ɇɚɝɢɛɛɨɤɨɜɚɡɭɩɰɚ



 PP L

ɉɪɟɧɨɫɧɢɨɞɧɨɫ

 PP

 q Ɍ  K

9



P V

ɉɨɞɟɨɧɢɩɪɟɱɧɢɤɝɨʃɟɧɨɝɡɭɩɱɚɧɢɤɚ

G: 

L ˜ G: 



PP

ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɧɨɨɩɬɟɪɟʄɟʃɟ )QRP

7QRP

P˜J

 1

'G 

 1P

)QRP ˜

Ɇɟɪɨɞɚɜɧɨɨɩɬɟɪɟʄɟʃɟ

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

)PHU

)QRP ˜ . $

 1

7PHU

7QRP ˜ . $

 1P

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

 

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

 

ɉɪɚɜɚɰɢɫɦɟɪɫɢɥɚɤɨʁɟɞɟʁɫɬɜɭʁɭɧɚɢɡɥɚɡɧɨɜɪɚɬɢɥɨ =

)U

)W )D

)D

6 6

)W

9 )U

9 =

ɒɟɦɚɨɩɬɟɪɟʄɟʃɚȼɪɚɬɢɥɚ,,ɭɯɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɧɨʁɢɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɧɨʁɪɚɜɧɢ

)D <

$+

)U

<

$9

<

GR 

%+

+

<

)W

%9

9 /

Ȼɪɨʁɢɧɞɟɤɫɚ 

ɂɦɟɢɩɪɟɡɢɦɟ ɋɩɚɫɟɧɢʄɋɚɲɚ

/

Ⱦɚɬɭɦ

Ɉɰɟɧɚ

ɉɪɟɝɥɟɞɚɨ

ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɆȺɒɂɇɋɄɂȿɅȿɆȿɇɌɂ

ɉɪɨʁɟɤɚɬ Ʌɢɫɬ

ȼɪɟɞɧɨɫɬɢɫɢɥɚɤɨʁɟɨɩɬɟɪɟʄɭʁɭɜɪɚɬɢɥɨ,, 7

7PHU

 1P

)7 

 ˜ 7 G: 

)5 

)7  ˜

WJD Q FRV E

 1

)D 

)7  ˜ FRV E

 1

 1

Ɉɬɩɨɪɢɨɫɥɨɧɚɰɚɭɯɯɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɧɨʁɪɚɜɧɢ

¦0

¦0

G:  /  )5  ˜