Lucha Libre en El Siglo XX. Edición 2018. Edgar Moreno

 

Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jcsjc Wcmczucak k Oîxnif y ca Oumjf

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf

ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK

K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF)

AK SZFXÏK IFMIRCZKBAC  Cjninfmcs / WCMCPSCAK

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / ‑Auidk Anbrc Ynlaf TT (Jcsjc Wcmczucak k Oîxnif y ca Oumjf ‟. 

Rcpðbanik Bfanvkrnkmk jc Wcmczucak, Kûf OOTNNN. Zïtuaf frnlnmka (antcrkaocmtc cxprcskjf)0 ‑Auidk Anbrc jcsjc Wcmczucak k Oîxnif y ca Oumjf. Ynlaf TT)‟. TT)‟. © Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf. Cstk prfjuiinùm nmtcacituka cstë kopkrkjk pfr ak vnlcmtc Acy sfbrc ca Jcrcidf jc Kutfr  Kutfr  jc ak Rcpðbanik Bfanvkrnkmk jc Wcmczucak y afs pcrtnmcmtcs trktkjfs nmtcrmkinfmkacs susirntfs. Cstë rclnstrkjk, kjcoës, cm ca  ca  Ycrvninf Kutùmfof jc ak Xrfpncjkj Nmtcacituka ( ;882> / YKXN).  YKXN).  NYBM0 >48-;2-489;-7 >48-;2-489;-7 Jcpùsntf Aclka0 agn83;28;3:4-;>33. YFAKOCMZC KRCMKY ^ RKJNFJNGSYNÙM (p. 97)   AFY COXRCYKRNFY COXRCYKRNFY XNFMCRFY (p. :9) 2.2.- YCLSMJK ÎXFIK5 ÎXFIK5 ;>37-;>7 ;>37-;>73. 3. AK ZCACWNYNÙM ZCACWNYNÙM ZRKMYONZC JCYJC AKY AKY KRCMKY KRCMKY JCA XKÏY XKÏY (p. :7) 

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KMSMINKJFRCY, AFY MKRRKJFRCY ^ AFY AFISZFRCY   AFY (p. :77-;>) >>)  WÙONZF YFBRC CA CMYFLKJF… (p. >>)  CA ACLCMJKRNF XRNOF IKRMCRK ASIDK CM YSCAF WCMCPFAKMF… (p. ;88) :.:.- FZRFY XKÏYCY XKÏYCY CM ISKJRNAËZCRFY ISKJRNAËZCRFY WCMCPFAKMFY WCMCPFAKMFY (p. ;8:) 

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IKXÏZSAF 30 AK ASIDK ANBRC ANBRC YC XKRCIC XKRCIC K AK WNJK RCKA (pp. ;87 y ;8;) (p. ;8>)   XKMIRKINF CY IKRMKWKA ^ RCGAC@F JC AK JCBNANJKJ MFROKZNWK [SC DK^ CM AK YFINCJKJ (p. ;;;) 

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IKXÏZSAF 70 ISRNFYNJKJCY YFBRC CA RNML. ZNXY… (pp. ;;: y ;;3) 7.;.- AKY CYZKZSRKY JC AFY LAKJNKJFRCY (p. ;;7)

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  7.2.- AFY ‑KGCONMKJFY‟ (p. ;;) 7.9.7.:.7.3.7.7.7..-

XRCYCMINK JCAFY AKYMFOBRCY JKOKY (p.JC ;;>) CA DFMFR DFMFR JC BKZKAAK (p. ;28) AKY AAKWCY ^ JCOËY ZËIZNIKY JC KLRCYNÙM (p. ;2:) CA  IKRMNICRF BSZIDCR  CA BSZIDCR CM WCMCPSCAK (p. ;2:) AK NONZKINÙM CMZRC AFY ASIDKJFRCY (p. ;23) AKY XCAÏISAKY OCTNIKMKY OCTNIKMKY JC ASIDK ANBRC (p. ;27) AKY IAËYNIKY KRCMKY WC WCMCPFAKMKY MCPFAKMKY JC AKY XCA XCACKY CKY (p. ;24) CM IKRKIKY, CA MSCWF INRIF ^ CA XKAKINF JC AFY JCXFRZCY (p. ;24) KRCMKY JC WKACMINK…  WKACMINK…  (p. ;2>) CM OKRKIK^, OKRKIK^, AK OKCYZRKMPK (p. ;98) CM BKR[SNYNOCZF…  BKR[SNYNOCZF…  (p. ;9;) CM YKM IRNYZÙBKA, CA KRONMNF…  (p. ;92) CM OKRKIKNBF, OKRKIKNBF, JFY IFYFY JC KBFACMLF KBFACMLF (p. ;92) ;92) 7.;8.- ANAK OFRNAAF OFRNAAF CM INMC INMC OCTNIKMF JC ASIDK (p. ;99) KRKSIKMF @KOËY IKMZÙ YFBRC CA 7.;;.- CA NMJNF KRKSIKMF @KOËY ISKJRNAËZCRF ISKJRNAËZ CRF (p. ;93) 7.;2.- AFY [SC MF YKANCRFM YKANCRFM JC IKRKIKY (p. ;9)     YSY CMISCMZRFY IFM XRNOF IKRMCRK (p. ;:;)   ASIDÙ WKRNKY WCICY IFM KMZFMNMF KMZFMNMF RFIIK (p. ;:2)   YSY NMNINFY CM IDNAC ^ KRLCMZNMK (p. ;:9)   KA ‑RC^ JC AFY OKAFY‟ AF WNYZNCRFM AKY OFM@KY (p. ;::)   @SMZF K AFY IKOXCFMCY IKOXCFMCY OSMJNKACY YKMJ^ YKJJACR ^ KRIDNC OFFRC, OFFRC, ZRKBK@Ù XKRK XKRK CWK JC XCRÙM XCRÙM (p. ;:3)   AKY WCYZNOCMZKY WCYZNOCMZKY AS@FYKY K CYZNAF OKMJKRÏM OKMJKRÏM (p. ;:4)   CA JRKLÙM IDNMF CM IDNMF CM WCMCPSCAK5 YSY XRNOCRFY IFOBKZCY (p. ;:>) 

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KMZNGKP (p. ;3;)   AK BCAAK KIFOXKÛKMZC IFM KMZNGKP

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  IKRCOSCRZF, YS YCIFMJ (p. ;32)   CA IKRCOSCRZF,   AFY XRFBACOKY XRFBACOKY IFM AK KSZFRNJKJ KSZFRNJKJ (p. ;39)   CA LRKA. XÎRCP @NOÎMCP (CYZKMJF XRCYF) YFANINZÙ IFMWCRYKR IFM ÎA (p. ;3) IKXÏZSAF 40 OÎTNIF, IKXNZKA OSMJNKA JCA XKMIRKINF (pp. ;72 y ;79)  ;79)  WSCAF RKYKMZC YFBRC YS DSCAAK CM CA ZNCOXF (p. ;7:) ISKZCY  [SC WNMNCRFM K OSCYZRK GFZFLRËGNIK JC ISKZCY WCMCPSCAK F [SC CTXRCYKRFM XRFXÙYNZF JC CAAF (p. ;70 GFZFY [SC LRNZKM OËY KAAË JC RNML YNJC (pp. ;.

Ikjk auidk jc Ca Ykmtf cs umk pëlnmk pacmk jc jrkoktnsof. Smk trklcjnk jc Csqunaf f um pfcok jc Dfocrf. @fsî Auns Wkacrf. Oîxnif, ;>>4.

c m quc su tîimnik  Sm auidkjfr sc vucavc lrkmjc cm ak ocjnjk cm pkrk mcutrkanzkr, ktkikr y vcmicr k sus kjvcrskrnfs dkic nopcricptnbac ca truif, ca grkujc nopaïintf y kifrjkjf pkrk quc  sùaf gafrczik ak vnfacmink quc tfjfs vcofs, quc tfjfs jnsgrutkofs y quc mfs dkic gkatk scmtnr rcgac`kjk. Cs oës0 csk jnvnsnùm tkm grciucmtc cmtrc afs auidkjfrcs (tîimnifs ifmtrk rujfs, bucmfs ifmtrk okafs) cmiucmtrk su cxpanikinùm cm ak onsok njck. Sm lakjnkjfr cs jca bkmjf jc «afs rujfsµ iukmjf 

 sc vkacquc jc kgafrc tfjks aks okûks pkrk vcmicr k su rnvkajcy dkicr cm su kitf pfsnbacs ak ocrk vnfacmink snm ca tkonz aks rclaks quc kiftkm ca jnsiursf. Fbvnkocmtc ca cmikmtf jca pkmirkinf sc prfjuic cm ca cqunanbrnf prcikrnf jc cstks gucrzks cm tcmsnùm, ifsk quc mf suicjc cm ca bfxcf, cm aks krtcs okrinkacs f cm iukaquncr ftrf jcpfrtc cm ca quc ak ifopctcmink ifmsnstc cm ca ifobktc icûnjf k um rclakocmtf. rclakoc mtf. Rfbcrtf Cidctf, Ikrkiks, 2888.

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….   Yn umf vk k ak auidk y mf dkaak cm aks nmocjnkinfmcs jca ifsf, afs trkjninfmkacs vcmtfrrnaafs ifm sus duofs nmvntkmtcs k ifocr tfjf lîmcrf jc ifonjks ifo njks nmlcmuks y ouatnsëpnjks, pucs kaaï dkbrë iukaquncr ifsk ocmfs auidk anbrc. Ca pkmirkinf pkmirkinf cs 

krcmks5 prcscmink jc pucbaf5 cs lrntf jc lcmtc ifoðm5 vcmtk jccs iftugks (f, ifof jnic m cm jnicm Oîxnif, ‑pkafontks jc cs okïz‟) ,  , kalfjfmcs jc kzðikr, pnmidfs jc ikrmcs skzfmkjks, skzfmkjks, oësikrks, ikpks, ïifmfs. Aks krcmks sfm rcinmtfs jc pkrcjcs jctcrnfrkjks, fafrfsks k ofdf, tfjf af iuka ifmvfik k afs  skatfs scon-inricmscs jc afs lakjnkjfrcs. Cs ak gëbuak ifmgumjnjk ifm ak rckanjkj…  Ca kutfr.  kutfr. 

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jrklùm Idnmf y su Wkact cmtrcvnstkjfs pfr Jcanf Kokjf Acùm. Ikrkiks5 ;>3>, kprfx.  (Gftf ;/;). 

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

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CA WNRZSFYF C@C IKRKIKY-OÎTNIF

(Gftf ;/2)

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

¶[SNÎM YF^6 

¶[uc qunîm qunîm sfy6... sfy6... Oc aakof aakof Rky Wkacmtnmf Wkacmtnmf Ksskj. Ksskj. Mkiï cm cm ak inujkj jc Oîxnif k ifoncmzfs jca pkskjf pkskjf snlaf TT. Wcf quc pucjf aaclkr prfmtf k ons incm kûfs jc cjkj5 f`kak f`kak ksï sck. K ons jfic kûfs oc gun k vnvnr k Ikrkiks, Wcmczucak. Ka tncopf oc dnic vcmczfakmf. Yfy dfmrfskocmtc dfmrfskoc mtc vcmczfakmfocxnikmf f ocxnikmf-

(Gftf ;/9).

vcmczfakmf. On pkjrckaaë guccm ca ocjnf ffrncmtc. auidkjfr prfgcsnfmka prfgcsnfmka rncmtc. Crk anbkmîs. Rujf Zrcocms,, su lrntf jc lucrrk. Zrcocms lucrrk. On okjrc, okjrc, ocxnikmk. Bknakrnmk jc ikbkrct. Ournù iukmjf yf kpcmks tcmïk mucvc mucvc kûfs. Yu ikafr oktcrmka, aks acmtc`ucaks jc sus trk`cs, aks pauoks grfmjfsks y ouatnifafrcs quc krrfpkbkm icmtrïgulkocmtc sus cspkajks, ifmstntuycm pkrk oï, tcsfrfs quc sc jcbktcm cmtrc ca sucûf y ak vnlnank jc ons rciucrjf rciucrjfs. s. Dkic pfif kiicjï k Nmtcrmct ifm kyujk jc ak mnctk jc Znbnsky (on pcmðatnok ou`cr) y vn cm ak pkmtkaak jca frjcmkjfr, ak vnbrkmtc ikrkitcrnzkinùm quc jc umk vcjcttc jc ikbkrct dnzf ak sncoprc okrkvnaafsk kitrnz kitrnz kztcik Kmk Aunsk Xcauggf. Xcauggf. ‑Ikocank, ak Zc`kmk‟, Zc`kmk‟, ircf quc crk ca pcrsfmk`c pcrsfmk`c jnvnmf. jnvnmf. Rcifrjî ifm ifm aëlrnoks k on okoë. okoë. Yùaf gkatù ca fafr jc ntnmcrkmtc bkða tcktrcrf, af iuka ikrkitcrnzkbk afs bcaafs trk`cs quc uskbk uskbk cm su trkbk`f jc ccsicmk. sicmk. Fafr k sëmjkaf sëmjkaf jc Ak Nmjnk gusnfmkjf ifm inlkrrnaaf y k kalf ksï ifof bcminmk.  Zrcocms, iukmjf aaclk k Oîxnif sc On pkjrc, ca nmofrtka n mofrtka Rujf Zrcocms, jcjnik k ifinmkr y vcmjcr ak rnik ifonjk anbkmcsk cm aks icrikmïks jc aks krcmks. Ca nmtcmsf skbfr jc jc csks kobrfsïks kobrfsïks (okm`krcs jc jnfscs) ikutnvkbk afs oës cxnlcmtcs ifocmskacs jc ak yk ouy pfbakjk inujkj ikpntka. K afs trcs kûfs jc cstkr kaaï, mkzif yf. Ak jîikjk jc

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  afs ‖98 jcspcjïk sus trk`nmcs. trk`nmcs. Ynctc kûfs jcspuîs, jcspuîs, ca vnc`f Rujf Zrcocms sc zuobk ifm tfjk vfaumtkj, ka sïsonif oumjf jc ak auidk anbrc prfgcsnfmka. Ca lrkm Jkvnj Ynavk Ynavk crk, k ak skzùm, skzùm, ca ikbkaacrf jca jca inmc kztcik jc ikbkrct, i kbkrct, jc rcycrtks ikaac`crks5 tkobnîm tkobnîm jc ak auidk 9

anbrc . Cm on rrkjnf kjnfy trfmkbk ifm ifm aks gfaiaùrniks gfaiaùrniks y jc ikminfmcs Ifafr.  Iukmjf Ifafr.  oumjkmks jcIkrkiks, Iîskr jcaakËvnak jc ak Lntkmk kpcmks tcmïk on pkpë, um kûf jc jcscopcûf ifof auidkjfr, kaaï cm Inujkj jc Oîxnif, su vcmk jc mclfinkmtc dkic quc jî um incrtf vnrk`c k su kitnvnjkj. Jnlf incrtf vnrk`c tfjk vcz quc, okmtcmnîmjf okmtcmnîmjfsc sc cm csc ocjnf jc ‑pktkjks vfakjfrks‟ y ‑cstrkmluakjfrks‟, jc`k k um akjf su rfa jc lakjnkjfr prfpnkocmtc jnidf, jcscopcûëmjfsc cmtfmics ifof, jnlëofsaf ksï, prfoftfr grccakmic prfoftfr grccakmic.. Îa vnk`kbk y vnk`kbk. ^f sncoprc nbk ifm îa. ‑Jcsiubrïk‟ auidkjfrcs y afs prfpfmïk k aks coprcsks. coprcsks. Jcskrrfaakbk rcakinfmcs rcakinfmcs prf prfkitnvks kitnvks cmtrc afs pcackjfrcs y cmtrc îstfs y aks coprcsks. Ca c`c gumjkocmtka jc su kitnvnjkj crk Oîxnif-Wcmczucak5 Xcrð, Idnac. Mf gucrfm pfifs pfifs mucstrfs vnk`cs vnk`pcrf cs ktkobnîm0 Cspkûk yKrlcmtnmk, X Xfrtulka, frtulka, pkïscs cm afs iukacs cm csfs csfs kûfs dkbïk ouidk ouidk kgninùm auidïstnik. Zkobnîm gunofs k Ca Aïbkmf. Aïbkmf. Rciucrjf quc kaaï qunsc ifmficr ifmficr gkonankrcs… Cm vkmf. Îa, cstkmjf kaaï y ifmjninfmkmjf ifmjninfmkmjf on sucrtc, mf qunsf skanr jc afs lnomksnfs, aks krcmks y afs bkrcs… Mf tcmïk yf yf ak sugnincmtc nmjcpcmjcminkk pkrk ftckr pfr on iucmtk. ^f irciï, ksï, cm afs kv nmjcpcmjcmin kvnfmcs nfmcs Zrcocms, crk, ifof y cm tfjfs tfjfs csfs csfs sntnfs. On vnc`f, ca lrkm Rujf lrkm Rujf Zrcocms, jnic ak ikminùm jc Xncrf:, um bucm tnpf. @koës trkgniù ifm af prfdnbnjf. Yu vnjk crk ak auidk auidk anbrc5 aks krcmks krcmks rcpactks jc lc lcmtc mtc lrntkmjf5 afs skatfs pfr cminok cminok jc aks iucrjks iucrjks jc afs iukjrnaëtcrfs… iukjrnaëtcrfs… Zkobnîm guc, cm lrkm lrkm ocjnjk, on vnjk. vnjk. Mf pujc nr k ak csiucak5 csiucak5 oks kprcmjï ouidks ouidks ifsks bucmks bucmks cm sntnfs sntnfs mf skmtfs. skmtfs. Krcmks, bftnqunmcs, kvcmturks, kvcmturks, ocrikjfs ocrikjfs pfpuakrcs jc ikaac… ikaac… On vnc`f, copcrf, sncoprc, sncoprc, ¡sncoprc!, ktc ktcmtf mtf k on sucrtc. Xkrkjf`ks Xkrkjf`ks y snmluakrcs sucrtcs…  Ircf quc guc cm ;>38 ’f kalf ksï- iukmjf aaclkofs k Ikrkiks. Ifocmzkbk k rcifrrcr on sclumjk jîikjk jc vnjk. Zrcic kûfs, oës 9

 Jc dcidf ikrkitcrnzù k Durkiëm Rkoïrcz cm umks iukmtks pcaïiuaks (ka akjf jc Zfmnmk @kiesfm, Zntnmk Rfoky y ftrfs krtnstks).  :  Ca ikmtkmtc krlcmtnmf.

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ifafmnk,, ifof jnicm  f ocmfs. Ifof kycr, rciucrjf ca scitfr (f ifafmnk jnicm cm Ëvnak5 ouy icrik jca Xkmtcùm jfmjc Oîxnif) aakokjf Ykm @fsî jca Ëvnak5 ouy rcpfskm afs rcstfs rcstfs jc Ynoùm Bfaïvkr, Bfaïvkr, Ca Anbcrtkjfr. Gunofs k vnvnr cm um vnc`f y bcaaf ikscrùm jc vcrjcs pkrcjcs jc kbfbc y tcidf jc ikrrnzfs ikûk, ca i uka dkiïkaks iuka vcinmjkj ifm incmtfs vnvncmjks vnvncmjk s jc ak onsokjcgkiturk, bfrjckmjf kmlfstks ikaacs qucjc k tfjfs mfs kbrkzkbkm, noprclmëmjfmfs, noprclmëmjfmfs, ksï, jc ikafr trfpnika, gkonankrnjkj, sfmcs iubkmfs iubkmfs y jfonmnikmfs, kaclrïk, sfanjkrnjkj. sfanjkrnjkj. Ak frqucstk frqucstk jc Bnaaf Grùoctk y aks vfics jc Rkgk Lkanmjf y Okmfaf Ofmtcrrcy dkiïkm bknakr dkstk aks pncjrks. pncjrks. Cm on ocmtc cstëm prcscmtcs prcscmtcs aks gkonanks Lkaïmjcz, Ocjnmk, Xcrkzk, Gafrcs, Fmfrkttf, Yfrnkmf… K on pkpë ac jciïkm cm csfs csfs tncopfs, scminaakocmtc, scminaakocmtc, ‑ca ‑ca auidkjfr‟. K oï, ‑ca ocxnikmf‟. Auclf, ka pfmcrmfs pfmcrmfs vnc`fs, k îîaa ‑ca ërkbc‟ y k oï, jc ona gfroks (mnmlumk, pfr incrtf, rcakinfmkjk rcakinfmkjk k ak auidk5 oks sï k on oumjf jc bkrcs, ou`crcs, kofrcs y oës kofrcs). Fd, on Xkskpflk 3. Dfy, iukmjf jc kvcmturks y jcsvcmturks ons mnctks ocWcrfcs pksckmypfr ak Kvcmnjk Srjkmctk, ouy icrik jc iu af kmjf quc gucrfm ca Dftca ca Lnomksnf Koîrnik (jca lrkm Dcmcy Kwcj7), y, ksï, vcf ca afika jfmjc Bkif, oc prfvfik pfr guminfmù cm kqucaafs kûfs csc tcopaf jca Jnfs Bkif, incaf. Iakrf, mf af dklf… ircf af ocmfs ifmtkr k caaks ons kskatfs ka incaf. quc aks gkstnjnkrïk. 

AFY OSÛC[SNZFY-ASIDKJFRCY JC DNCRRF IFAKJF Fiurrc quc, ifmtkmjf yf kprfxnokjkocmtc ifm iktfric kûfs jc cjkj, trkc um konlf y ifaclk jc on vnc`f, um aftc jc ouûcquntfs (jc mf oës jc 3 io., gkbrnikjfs k bksc jc dncrrf ifakjf), ifakjf), cm pakm jc 3

  Ca  Xkskpflk  crk um ikbkrct ikrkqucûf, ca iuka sc dnzf ouy gkofsf tkmtf pfr aafs fs krtnstks quc kaaï sc prcscmtkbkm (vcmczfakmfs (vcmczfakmfs,, iubkmfs y ocxnikmfs…) ifof pfr ak ksnjuk ksnstcmink quc kifstuobrkbkm dkicr,

pcrsfmk`cs vnmiuakjfs k ak jnitkjurk jc Okrifs Xîrcz @noîmcz. 7   Auidkjfr brksnacûf (;>;8-28;8) (;>;8-28;8).. Aaclk k Wcmczucak cm ;>:4 y jcskrrfaak nopfrtkmtc kitnvnjkj ifof prfgcsnfmka jc ak auidk y ifof cmtrcmkjfr.

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‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  vcmjcrafs cm csk Ikrkiks quc yk faïk k pcrcz`nocmnsof:4 dkstk ;>34).

2>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Ifmtkrî cm cstk fpfrtumnjkj, kicrik jc ak auidk anbrc5 sfbrc tfjf ak quc tuvnofs cm Wcmczucak Wcmczucak cm aks jîikjks jîikjks jc afs ‖38 y ‖78. Cs,  `ustkocmtc, ak quc oës vnvï. vnvï. Kd… jkjf quc quc îstk cstuvf cstuvf ouy rcakinfmkjk ifm ak jc Oîxnif, dkrî cmtfmics pcrokmcmtcocmtc pcrokmcmtcocmtc rcgcrcminksNtkank, snlmngniktnvks snlmngniktnvks jca lrkm lr pkmirkinf kztcik. kzt cik. Zkobnîm Krlcmtnmk, Aïbkmf, Idnac… Idnac …kmRcgcrcminks kauobrkmtcs, pfrjc af jcoës. Ksnonsof dkrî jnlrcsnfmcs jnlrcsnfmcs umnjks ka oumjf oumjf gkrkmjuacrf, gkrkmjuacrf, sfbrc tfjf ka vcmczfakmf y ocxnikmf. Rcjkitkrî prcgcrcminkaocmtc cm prnocrk pcrsfmk jca snmluakr. Afs kûfs quc aacvf rcifrrnjfs, rcifrrnjfs, oc jkm vkacmtïk pkrk pkrk caaf. Iukmjf rcsuatc iùofjf, rcjkitkrî rcjkitkrî cm paurka. Jnicm pfr kdï quc aks ocofrnks csirntks, cm su scmtnjf oës kutîmtnif, mf kpcakm k jfiuocmtfs jc kpfyf (anbrfs, rcvnstks, jfiuocmtfs kridnvkjfs, cti.), snmf quc tfjf cs k ikpcaak. Mf sî sn tncmcm tncmcm rkzùm afs afs quc ksï pncmskm. pncmskm. Af quc fiurrc ifmonlf cs quc tcmlf jcakmtc jc oï, jfs vnc`ïsnofs ’y jcsifmidkjfsjcsifmidkj fs- okactnmcs rcpactfs jc gftfs, ikrtks, rcifrtcs jc pcrnùjnifs, ikrtcacs jc pkrcjcs ikaac`crks, inmturfmcs y ifpks jc lkakrjfmcs, cm cm gnm… Zfjf af quc cstc pkr pkr jc ikrrncac ikrrncacss ifmtncmc, cstë rcakinfmkjf ifm ifm ak auidk anbrc. K lrntfs pnjcm cstfs fb`ctfs fb`ctfs quc afs pfmlk k ikmtkr k pumtk jc ons rciucrjfs, rciucrjfs, tcstnofmnfs, cspciuakinfmcs, cspciuakinfmc s, aëlrnok aëlrnokss y sfmrnsks… Xkrk caaf, dkrî dkrî tfjf af pfsnbac jc cmgrcmtkroc k aks kocmkzks quc, jkjk on cjkj, oc gfrouakm -snm pcjnr pcronsf- ak ktcrnfsiacrfsns (sni), ak prcsbnink, ak jnkbctcs, aks vërnics cm aks pncrmks, pncrmks, ca lakuifok y ftrfs okacs. Mf fbstkmtc pfmjrî ak cofinùm jc on ifrkzùm y ak rkzùm jc on iksn icmtcmkrnf icrcbrf. K cstf, kûkjnrî kûkjnr î ak oklnk quc afs Ifopkrtnrî jktfs jktfs octnjfs cm cmifm ak tcxturk jc csfs oktcrnkacs jc bftïm, oc fgrcicm. tfjf ustcjcs. Xucjc quc ycrrc cm kalumk ifyumturk jc on csgucrzf, pcrf, rcntcrf, dkrî af pfsnbac jc prcscmtkr aks ifsks jc ak oc`fr okmcrk.

¶CY ASIDK ANBRC F IKZID KY IKZID IKM6... ¶\RCYZANML F XKMIRKINF6 Yî bncm quc dky umk cspcinkanjkj jcpfrtnvk jcmfonmkjk auidk  jc ouy rcspctkbac ikrëitcr, ak iuka fiupk um sntnka jcstkikjf anbrc,  anbrc,

98

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  jcmtrf jca fanopnsof. fanopnsof. Cs um jcpfrtc jcpfrtc prfpnkocmtc prfpnkocmtc jnidf. jnidf. Cm rnlfr, rnlfr, jcsjc ;>8; cs ifmsnjcrkjf ifmsnjcrkjf iifof fof tka cm afs @uclfs @uclfs Faïopnifs. ^k cm ;>8: sc cstrcmk cstk jnsinpanmk cm Yknmt Afuns (CC. SS.),  SS.), trkzkmjf cm caaf um dntf cm ak pfangkiîtnik dnstfrnk jc cstc `uclf jc ifobktc iucrpf k iucrpf. iucrpf. Dfy cm jïk ak aakokofs aakokofs auidk anbrc faïopnik. Ak auidk anbrc jc ak iuka oc fiupkrî cm cstc tcxtf, mf cs ak rcinîm prfgcsnfmka5 ak kaujnjk5 mf. Ak quc cstë ifmvfikmjf cs ak auidk anbrc prfgcsnfmka5 auidk anbrc cspcitëiuaf. cspcitëiuaf. Ak jc aks oësikrks5 oësikrks5 ak jc aks ikpks ikpks ifm Xaktk, acmtc`ucaks5 ak jc ifafrnjf5 ak jc Ykmtf Ca Cmoksikrkjf jc Xaktk, Jrklùm Idnmf, Idnmf, Bcrmkrjnmf Ak Okrik, Kmtfmnmf Rfiik, Bkssna Bkttkd, Ikvcrmkrnf Lkanmjf, Lkanmjf, Lrkm Aftkrnf… Aftkrnf… Ak auidk jc \fag \fag Rubnmsens, jc  Kpfaf Wcmczfakmf, Wcmczfakmf, jc Okrnf Buaggfmc, jc Zfmy Lkrnbkajn, jc Durkiëm Rkoïrcz , jc Bauc Jcofm… ¡Îsk cs ak quc cstë nmvntkmjf!  nmvntkmjf!  \rcstanml sucacm jcinrac cm CC. SS. Ircf quc cstc tîronmf af \rcstanml Nmi Cm kiuûù aknmlaîs, coprcsk (\\C). Cm cajc njnfok cstc\fraj tîronmf tîronmf cs uskjf uskjCmtcrtknocmt, f mfrokaocmtc. ca ocjnf ak auidk anbrc an brc prfgcsnfmka aktnmfkocrnikmk, aktnmfkocrnikmk, ak mfinùm jc iktd ks iktid ikm,, brftk, oës quc tfjf, jc afs ksumtfs rcakinfmkjfs k okriks, k ikm mfobrcs coprcskrnkacs, k prfpklkmjk, k ifopctcmink cmtrc frlkmnzkinfmcs prfoftfrks. prfoftfrks. Ak prnocrk rcgcrcmink rcgcrcmink quc sc kiuûù kiuûù cm anbrc (ka gnmka jc afs ‖:8), ‖:8), pcrf k ocjnkjfs jc afs Wcmczucak, guc auidk anbrc  ‖78, cm ocjnf jc cmgrcmtk cmgrcmtkoncmtfs oncmtfs cmtrc aks ifopkûïks, kgafrù ikm (ak cmtfmics csk pnmtfrcsik jcmfonmkinùm jca iktid ks iktid ikm (ak iuka ifmmftk0 ‑klkrrk ‑klkrrk ifof klkrrkr pucjks‟). pucjks‟).   sc quncrc scr cm jcoksïk, rcsuatk prficjc prficjcmtc jcmfonmkr Xkmirkinf. Xkmirkinf . Mf oc ikbcmtc jujk quc ak ka Yn cspcitëiuaf quciaësnif mfs fiupk0 pkmirkinf,, dfy pfr dfy, jcmftk ak auidk anbrc prfgcsnfmka. Ak pkakbrk pkmirkinf auidk anbrc, cspcitëiuaf. cspcitëiuaf. Jcmtrf jc cstc ifmtcxtf, afs auidkjfrcs auidkjfrcs sfm pkmirkinkstks (sni). Wcofs quc ifoðmocmtc ak prcmsk afs aaaakok kok pkmirkinkstk.. ‑pkmirkinstks‟ pcrf cm rnlfr ak ifrrcitk pkakbrk cs0 pkmirkinkstk

9;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

‑Zfok jc pftcmink‟ cmtrc

Jrklùm Idnmf y Jr. Mcasfm. Ikrkiks, ;>77, kprfx. (Gftf ;/:).

92

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

99

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jkre Buggkaf ikstnlk cm aks iucrjks ka pcskjf ifmtrnmikmtc. Ca ërbntrf @kmcr vnlnak ifm ktcminùm.   Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks5 ;>38, kprfx. (Gftf ;/:). 

9:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

2

ZRCY CRKY JC ASIDK ANBRC CM WCMCPSCAK

93

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

2.;.- XRNOCRK ÎXFIK, ;>:4-;>33. YFAKOCMZC KRCMKY ^ RKJNFJNGSYNÙM

Oc ktrcvf k ifmicbnr ifof prnocrk îpfik, afs kûfs quc vkm jc ;>:4 dkstk ;>33. Wkac jcinr0 jcsjc iukmjf jc Oîxnif y Yurkoîrnik aaclkm afs prnocrfs lakjnkjfrcs, dkstk iukmjf kpkrcic ak tcacvnsnùm cm Wcmczucak. Cm cstfs kûfs ak auidk sc dkiïk cm ca Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks. Cm fiksnfmcs, cm Wkacmink5 cm ca bcaaf y rcifrjkjïsnof ifsf, Krcmks jc Wkacmink. Cm Okrkiky, (Gftf 2/;/;).  cm ak nopfmcmtc Okcstrkmzk. Cm Bkrqunsnoctf, Bkrqunsnoctf, cm aks Krcmks. Zkobnîm cm ca ca Cstkjnf Faïopnif Akrk y cm ca Inmc Xrnminpka. Xrnminpka. Cm Ykm Irnstùbka, Irnstùbka, cm ca Lnomksnf Lnomksnf Kronmnf Lutnîrrcz. Lutnîrrcz. Cm Okrkiknbf, Okrkiknbf, cm aks dkrtf pfpuakrcs pfpuakrcs krcmks jc afs scitfrcs scitfrcs Aks Wcrntks y Wkaacs Grïfs. Mkjnc cm csfs tncopfs tfokbk cm scrnf ak vcrsnùm quc jca mfrtc aaclkrïk prfmtkocmtc um rkrf kpkrktf quc crk ifof um inmc pfrtëtna y quc kjcoës sc pfjïk tcmcr cm iksk (ksï ifof um rkjnf, mcvcrk, f csikpkrktc).. Cm csfs tnco csikpkrktc) tncopfs, pfs, aks gncrks auidks auidks quc sc jcskrr jcskrrfaakbkm faakbkm cm aks pfavfrncmtks krcmks jc aks inujkjcs, crkm trkmsontnjks trkmsontnjks pfr ak vïk rkjnka. Ak tcacvnsnùm tcacvnsn ùm crk umk qunocrk. Cs quc ak rkjnf crk umk kutîmtnik nmstntuinùm nmstntuinùm snm pkr. pkr . Cm csfs tncopfs ifmstntuïk umk sucrtc jc kagfobrk oëlnik k trkvîs jc ak iuka ca noklnmkrnf jc afs vcmczfakmfs, vnk`kbk y vnk`kbk, jkmjf rncmjk sucatk  k onaafmcs jc lnrfs y ikprnidfs. sucatk

97

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Rciucrjf, ifof kycr, afs vcspcrtnmfs prflrkoks prftklfmnzkjfs pfr ca dkrtf ifmfinjf Kokjfr Bcmjkyëm. ‑Ca Bkidnaacr y Bkrtfaf‟ crk ca iaïokx jc ak ifoninjkj. Ca kitfr iubkmf iubkmf Kbcakrjf Bkrrnfs4 sfaïk pfmcrac ka jïsifaf kprcmjnz (Bkrtfaf (Bkrtfaf), ), ak ocsk scrvnjk pkrk ak luksk. Zfrnbnf Auclf vcmïk ‑Ak Bfjclk jc jc ak Csqunmk‟. fiurrcmtc  Klukjf  Klukjf cmtkbakbk  cmtkbakbk jnspkrktkjfs jnëaflfs Kaaï ifmcaum pcrsfmk`c (Jfm (Jfm Iactf)) nmtcrprctkjf pfr Okrnf Yk Iactf Ykmtkiruz. mtkiruz. Kd, pcrf mkjk mkjk ifof jfs cxiakokinfmcs jc kacrtk, cofinùm y suspcmsf, quc csk rkjnf nopfmïk… Smk, kmtcicjïk kmtcicjïk ak jnkrnk ifocjnk aakokjk ‑Zkokeðm‟. ‑Iukmjf ak okajkj nopcrk y ca pcanlrf kocmkzk, ¡kaaï cstkrë Zkokeðm, ca vcmlkjfr vcmlkjfr crrkmtc!‟. crrkmtc!‟. Ftrk, crk crk jc gkiturk auidïstnik. ‑Cm cccccstk csqunmk… ¡Dcmcy Kwcj! Cm ak ffffftrk csqunmk, ¡Ofmtkûntk!...‟. ¡Ofmtkûntk!... ‟.  

Dcmcy Kwcj. Kûf ;>:>, kprfx.  (Gftf 2/;/2).

4 Kûfs

oës tkrjc,  Kbca   ’ifof sc ac ifmfinù- dnzf ca pkpca jc ‑Kbucaf Ikmtkrïm‟ cm ca prflrkok tcacvnsnvf ‑Ca Iaub jc afs Mnctfs‟. Crk

dcrokmf jc ak kitrnz Koîrnik Bkrrnfs. Wncmc ka iksf rcifrjkr quc iukmjf cstuvc cm ;>>2 cm ak inujkj jc Lukmtëmkof, Iubk, oc cmifmtrî pfr iksukanjkj k um scûfr ouy kokbac ca iuka, ka skbcr quc yf crk vcmczfakmf, oc nmtcrpcaù cm umk ikaac iukaquncrk. Kpkrtc jc nmgfrokroc quc sc jcscopcûkbk ifof idfgcr fgninka jc ‑umk lukluk‟

(bus) pcrtcmcincmtc ka Nmstntutf Xcjklùlnif, oc prclumtù ifm ouidk ktcminùm kicrik jc sn yf ifmfiïk k sus prnofs Kbca y K Koîrnik. oîrnik. Aacluî k ifoumnikrac quc ca prnocrf dkbïk gkaacinjf ouidf tncopf ktrës. Jc caak, sùaf pujc rcgcrnrac sfbrc su nopcikbac prfgcsnfmkansof y jc su bcaaczk gcocmnmk5 jfs iukanjkjcs quc ca bakmif y mclrf jc ak tcacvnsnùm jc afs „38, „78 y„, Ofmtkûntk;8, Lrkm Aftkrnf, Csqunoka, Zkmquc Kocrnikmf, Nvëm Ca Zcrrnbac, Afbf jc Krklùm, Iruz Jnkbaf, Ca Cstujnkmtc… Ynm nopfrtkroc aks kaîrlniks rckiinfmcs rcspnrktfrnks quc oc prfjuic ak kpcrturk jc afs rfïjfs okactnmcs y ifmsciucminka afikanzkinùm jc afs rcifrtcs jc pcrnùjnifs kaaï jcpfsntkjfs jcpfsntkjfs jurkmtc Zrcocms, on lrktntuj, y jîikjks, gfrouaf k on vnc`f, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms, pksf cmtfmics k kyujkr on ocofrnk y on kðm guminfmka ikpkinjkj jc rcakinfmkr rciucrjfs (oës irfmïstnifs y mfstëalnifs quc dnstùrnifs). Oc dkaaf ifm mf pfifs rcifrtcs jc prcmsk. Kokrnaacmtfs, jctcrnfrkjfs, jctcrnfrkjf s, klrnctkjfs. klrnctkjfs. Kalumfs tncmcm tncmcm kmftkinfmcs… kmftkinfmcs… Wcf sn cm sus oërlcmcs kpkrcicm afs jktfs jca jnkrnf f ak rcvnstk5 jca kutfr jc ak irùmnik5 jc ak gcidk… gcidk… Mf sncoprc iucmtf iucmtf ifm sucrtc. Kjvncrtf quc cm csfs kûfs sc dkiïk ouidk Kscsnmf... Zcmlf um ac`kmf y rcgcrcmink k Oîjnif Kscsnmf... ifmgusf rciucrjf jc aks kmîijftks quc on pkjrc oc ifmtkbk. Oc jn`f quc cm csfs kûfs dkbrïk vcmnjf k auidkr k Ikrkiks, cstc okavkjf lkacmf cmoksikrkjf jc bakmif. Ka skanr jc umk jc aks rcgrnclks ’oc rcaktù- guc k um bftnquïm ubnikjf cm Iktnk cm pakm jc jclustkr umfs Oîjnif Kscsnmf Ca prnocr  ‑cmoksikrkjf jc paktk‟.  paktk‟.  ;>:>, kprfx. (Gftf 2/;/9).  >

  Cstc Cstc pcrsfmk`c dk snjf pfangkiîtnif. Mftkbac pkmirkinkstk. Mkinù cm Idniakyf, Xcrð, kpcmks ifocmzkmjf ak sclumjk jîikjk jca snlaf TT. Cm Wcmczucak, guc, kjcoës, cmtrcmkjfr jc auidk, gftùlrkgf, ikmtkmtc, rcakinfmnstk pðbanif, kitfr jc tcacvnsnùm, cm gnm. Lustkvf Yciacm Ocmidfak, su mfobrc rcka. Gkaacinù cm 28;;, cm ak inujkj jc Ikrkiks. Gfroù k su dn`f cm aks anjcs auidïstniks. Dkic pfif (28;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Bcrmkrjnmf Akokrik, umk cstrcaak jca pkmirkinf cm Wcmczucak. Ikrkiks, ;>34.  (Gftf 2/;/:).

:8

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Lrkm Aftkrnf, umf jc afs mftkbacs jc ak auidk anbrc  cm Wcmczucak. (Gftf 2/;/3). 

:;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Idniakykmf, umf jc afs gfr`kjfrcs. Ikrkiks, ;>3;.  (Gftf 2/;/7).

:2

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

AFY COXRCYKRNFY XNFMCRFY

Bfrrfskocmtc cm on ocofrnk lukrjf um pcqucûf puûkjf jc mfobrcs y kpcaanjfs… kpcaanjfs… Dk jc trktkrsc trktkrsc jc afs coprcskrnfs coprcskrnfs pnfmcrfs pnfmcrfs jc ak auidk anbrc cm cm Wcmczucak. Csiuidkbk k on pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms, ocmtkrafs ifm ksnjunjkj. Cs pfsnbac quc ’nm`ustkocmtcjc`c pfr gucrk, kalumf f kalumfs5 mf fbstkmtc cmincmjf um ikmjna cm vcz jc okajcinr ak fsiurnjkj. Afs scûfrcs Fsikr Xrnctf, Xkbaf Ofrkacs y Lnabcrtf Bcicrrk kpkrcicm cm on yk jctcrnfrkjk ikpkinjkj jc cvfikr… Kd, Wïitfr Auicmk…  Auicmk…  K trkvîs jc ak cxqunsntk irùmnik quc pubanik Kabcrtf Mkrkm`f ca 9; jc cmcrf jc ;>>> cm ca vcmczfakmf pcrnùjnif ‑Ca Mkinfmka‟ (p. B-:), B-:), tntuakjk ‑Kqucaafs Jïks jc Rkjnf‟, pucjf kdfrk oc`frkr ons jnguonmkjfs rciucrjf rciucrjfs. s. Ak bucmk prfsk jc cstc kutfr o occ fgrcic fgrcic ona bncmcstkrcs. Kjvncrtf quc ca coprcskrnf cstrcaak cm csfs tncopfs jc ak auidk crk Acfpfajf Gcbrcs Gcbrcs Ifrjcrf. Nlmfrf ak mkinfmkanjkj mkinfmkanjkj jc cstc pcrsfmk`c y iuëa crk su ‑iukrtca lcmcrka‟. lcmcrka‟. Ak trkjninùm jc umnr cstfs jfs kpcaanjfs, pfr pkrtc jc quncmcs af pfrtkm, oc dkic jngïina ak nmgcrcmink. Yî quc cm Ciukjfr Ciukjfr dkstk um prcsnjcmtc prcsnjcmtc (pcrïfjf (pcrïfjf ifmstntuinfmka ;>4:-;>44), ;>4:-;>44), afs aacvù. (Zkobnîm cm aks aks vcmczfakmks vcmczfakmks prfvnminks jc Oîrnjk y Bkrnmks, dkicm vnjk vkrnfs ifmlafocrkjfs gkonankrcs ifm ca pkrntkrnf pkrntkrnf kpcaanjf kpcaanjf cm iucstnùm). Cm umk cmtrcv cmtrcvnstk nstk pcrnfjïstnik, Idniakykmf iucmtk cm kbrna jc 288>;2, quc cstc coprcskrnf af ifmtrktù jcsjc Ikan, Ifafobnk, k auidkr cm ca Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks. Csf guc cm fitubrc jc ;>:>. Wfavncmjf ka irfmnstk irfmnstk Mkrkm`f. Mkrkm`f. Mfs iucmtk iucmtk quc quc ak consfrk csiflnjk pkrk ak trkmsonsnùm trkmsonsnùm jca cspcitëiuaf, guc ‑Fmjks Xfpuakrcs‟. Ca mkrrkjfr0 Cmnf Csikurnzk. Csikurnzk .  Mfs rrcaktk caktk ca csirntfr csirntfr quc quc cstc prfgcsnfmka jca onirùgfmf…  onirùgfmf… ‑snm mnmlðm tnpf jc rcgcrcmink ka rcspcitf, dnzf kakrjc jc su noklnmkinùm k gnm jc trkmsontnr cofinùm k afs fycmtcs, aaclkmjf k um pumtf cm quc ca pðbanif ifocmzù k ksnstnr ;2

  Igr.0 dttp0//supcrauidks.mct/288>/8:/;2/ca-idniakykmf-umk-lafrnk-

jc-ak-auidk-anbrc-cm-sujkocrnik/

:9

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  oksnvkocmtc ka ifsf jc Ykm Klustïm oftnvkjf pfr su jcsirnpinùm rkjnka‟. K ifmtnmukinùm oc pcrontf kjninfmkr um pkr jc pnczks gftflrëgniks, ca iuka ifopacocmtk ifopacocmtk ak nmgfrokinùm nmgfrokinùm fgrcinjk cm cstc ikpïtuaf ikpïtuaf jc prfaclùocmf. Jc ocjnkjfs ocjnkjfs jc afs ‖38 mfs vncmcm vncmcm cstks noëlcmcs. noëlcmcs. Jfs auidkjfrcs auidkjfrcs iuyk kitukinùm ifmofvnù ifmofvnù sfbrcokmcrk sfbrcokmcrk k ak lcmtc. lcmtc. Yn aks vnc`ks krcmks y afs vctustfs kpkrktfs rkjnf-rcicptfrcs pujncrkm dfy pfr dfy ’pfr sï sfafs- ifmtkr kmîijftks, cstfs pcackjfrcs Krklùm.  skajrïkm k rcauinr. Nvëm Ca Zcrrnbac y Afbf jc Krklùm. 

Nvëm Ca Zcrrnbac. ;>37. (Gftf 2/;/3:.  (Gftf 2/;/4). 

:3

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

2.2.- YCLSMJK ÎXFIK5 ;>37-;>73. AK ZCACWNYNÙM ZRKMYONZC JCYJC AKY KRCMKY JCA XKÏY

Gftf 2 2 ; . 

Ifminbf ifof sclumjk îpfik, afs kûfs quc vkm jcsjc ;>37 dkstk ;>73. Cs jcinr, jcsjc afs ofocmtfs cm afs iukacs ak tcacvnsnùm kpcmks kbrïk sus f`fs, dkstk afs jïks cm afs iukacs ca cspcitëiuaf sc jcspf`k jc su mfobrc jc bktkaak, auidk anbrc, kjfptkmjf gfrzkjkocmtc, ftrfs ocmfs sfmfrfs y ’k jcinr jc afs gkmëtnifs‑dkstk baksgcofs‟. Mfs scûkak Mkrkm`f cm iukmtf k cstk sclumjk ctkpk jc ak auidk pfr tcacvnsnùm, quc ‑ZWM jnf ca prnocr pksf ifm Xkmidf Xcpc

Irùqucryifof pksk`crf, ka nluka quc Zcacvnsk ifm Onluca Zdfjjî RIZWkmgntrnùm ifm Rcmî Cstîvcz. IWZW y Wcmcvnsnùm aaclkrfm oës kaaë …)‟.  …)‟.  Cstfs jktfs mfs kyujkm, snm jujk, k dkicr mcicskrnks prcinsnfmcs. Dky um oîrntf ouy mftkbac cm cstk sclumjk ctkpk. ctkpk. Zka oîrntf tncmc quc vcr ifm ca dcidf jc quc afs ifobktcs scluïkm rckanzëmjfsc cm aks krcmks… Ak tcacvnsnùm tcacvnsnùm trkmsontïk ak auidk jcsjc jcsjc afs nmiùofjfs, nmiùofjfs, pfavfrncmtfs pfavfrncmt fs y ‑mkturkacs‟ ‑mkturkacs ‟ csicmkrnfs jc aks krcmks. On pkjrc scmtcminkbk ifm cxtrcof scmtnjf ifmscrvkjfr… ifmscrvkjfr… Zrëtksc jc iucstnfmcs jc dfmfr… dfmfr… Ak auidk cs oës pkrk aks krcmks quc pkrk gafrnjfs cstujnfs jc tcacvnsnùm…

:7

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

AFY KMSMINKJFRCY, AFY MKRRKJFRCY ^ AFY AFISZFRCY

Ifof sc skbc, afs kmuminkjfrcs kmuminkjfrcs vfickbkm sfbrc ca cmsflkjf, aks scûkacs quc njcmtngnikbkm afs auidkjfrcs quc sc kprcstkbkm ka ifobktc5 sus mkinfmkanjkjcs, mkinfmkanjkjcs, pcsk`cs, pcsk`cs, cti. Zkobnîm umk quc ftrk jcjniktfrnk.. Afs mkrrkjfrcs tcmïkm guminfmcs jngcrcmtcs. Yfbrc ak jcjniktfrnk bksc jc ak fbscrvkmink, fbscrvkmink, jcsirnbïkm pakicmtcrkocmtc pakicmtcrkocmtc -¡onirùgfmf cm okmf!- aks vninsntujcs cm ikancmtc, jc afs cmifmtrfmkzfs. Crk jca kmuminkjfr, ca lrntf0  lrntf0 Cm cccccccstk csqunmk… ¡Ca Jrklùfffffm Idnmf! Incmtf jncz enafs… ¡y um iukrtf!  Ca kmuminkjfr pfr kmtfmfoksnk cm cstc pcrïfjf, guc ca pfpuakr Xcpc Xcjrfzk. Yu pftcmtc vfz dkiïk tcobakr tkmtf aks krcmks ifof aks iksks cm iuyf ifmtcxtf cstkbkm cmiakvkjfs afs tcacvnsfrcs. trfupc jc Iukmjf ak trfupc  jc pkmirkinkstks vnk`kbk k Wkacmink, Okrkiky y Bkrqunsnoctf, pujc vcr ftrfs kmuminkjfrcs kmuminkjfrcs quc dkiïkm bncm ca trkbk`f. Ifm csgucrzf rciucrjf k um kminkmntf, ouy jcalkjf y grëlna, quc vfickbk dkrtf cmîrlnikocmtc afs ifmtcmjfrcs cm aks aclcmjkrnks Krcmks jc Wkacmink. Wkacmink. Mf aflrf aflrf jkr ifm su mfobrc f kpfjf. kpfjf. Cm Bkrqunsnoctf, kmuminkbk um scûfr ouy lfrjf y brfonstk. Ca Afif Jëlcr  crk  crk su mfobrc jc lucrrk. Kjcoës jc afs rcinîm rcgcrnjfs Irùqucr, Zdfjjî y Cstîvcz, dubf ftrfs jfs ftrfs mkrrkjfrcs quc okrikrfm ak îpfik5 k skbcr, Baks B aks Gcjcrnif @noîmcz @noîmcz y Kmtfmnf Jca Mflka. Dky quc kmftkr kmftkr quc cm ak trkmsonsnùm pkrtninpkbkm pkrtninpkbkm tkobnîm, tkobnîm, afiutfrcs. Afiutfrcs Afiutfrcs quc prfycitkbkm pubanintkrnkocmtc pubanintkrnkocmtc afs prfjuitfs prfjuitfs pktrfinmkjfrcs. pktrfinmkjfrcs. Mftfrnk ak kitukinùm jc @fsî Bcicrrk Ifaocmkrcs. Ifaocmkrcs. Rcifrjkbac ca vnmf ‑Ikstca  ‑Ikstca   Lkmjfagf‟, ifof kpfykturk ifrpfrktnvk jc csfs okrkvnaafsfs ifobktcs jc auidk anbrc.

:<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

AFY XRFOFZFRCY JC ZKACY JNKY

 ^k cm cstfs tncopfs tncopfs jc afs ‖78 on vnjk vnjk trkmsiurrïk trkmsiurrïk jc bkr cm bkr. On pkpë oc kpfykbk. Yncoprc trktkbk yf, ‑k pcskr jc tfjf‟, jc kyujkraf cm sus tkrcks jc rcakinfmnstk pðbanif cm ca cstrucmjfsf ocjnf jc ak auidk anbrc. anbrc. Mf dkbïk umk kitnvnjkj oës lrktngnikmtc pkrk oï, ifmgncsf, quc tcmcr aubrnikjf ca ‑pucmtc kîrcf‟ ifmstntunjf pfr aks icrvcicrïks y jnsiftciks ikrkqucûks;9  y afs afikacs cm afs iukacs ftrfrk guminfmkrfm guminfmkrfm cm Inujkj jc jc Oîxnif, afs aclcm aclcmjkrnfs jkrnfs ikbkrc ikbkrcts ts (y quc k ak skzùm dkbïk incrtk ducaak jc ruobcrks y ocsfmcrks). Cm oktcrnk jc prfoftfrcs jc ak auidk cm cstc sclumjf pcrïfjf, rciucrjf quc on pkjrc sncoprc sc cmtcmjïk ifm Kmjkrïm ifm Kmjkrïm

Kmjkrïm prfoftfr. (Gftf 2/2/2).

cm iukmtf aks kitnvnjkjcs Cstc crk umk pcrsfmk`c iakvc frlkmnzktnvks. cm ak lcrcmink jca cspcitëiua cspcitëiuaf. f. Dkbïk snjf auidkjfr jcsjc afs ‖:8 kaaë cm Xcrð, jc jfmjc crk frnumjf. Yfaïk scr jnanlcmtc.  Dubf umk coprcsk aakokjk ‑Ifrpcs‟ quc ‑Ifrpcs‟ quc kbsfrbnù um bucm pcjkzf jc cstc rclnf pcrnfjf jca pkmirkinf cm Wcmczucak. Ftrk jcmfonmkjk ‑Fsikrnpkrrk‟.   ‑Fsikrnpkrrk‟.

OësOkmicrk… vncmcm bfrrfskocmtc k on ocmtc… @kinmtf Xkrrk… Lfmzkaf Lfmzk af Wcafz Cm ca ifaaklc quc k ifmtnmukinùm sc prcscmtk, kpkrcic (krrnbk, nzquncrjk) Kmtfmnf Jca Mflka. Krrnbk, k ak jcrcidk, jcrcidk, Baks Gcjcrnif Gcjcrnif ;9

  Ifm cspcinka lustf rciucrjf aks icrvcicrïks ‑Oumnid‟ (cm ak Kv. Ak

Ykaac), ‑Okrlkrntk‟ (cm Aks Xkaoks), ‑Ca Xfzf Ikmkrnf‟ (cm Ak Ikmjcakrnk), ‑Okrkiknbf‟ (cm Katkonrk), cti. Ksnonsof, aks jnsiftciks ‑Ak Dkyk‟ (cm Ykm Bcrmkrjnmf‟), ‑Ca Dnpfikopf‟ (cm Idkikïtf), ‑Bkikrë‟ (cm ak Kv. Kmjrîs Bcaaf), ‑Ak Cvk‟…

:4

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  @noîmcz. Mkrrkjfrcs Mkrrkjfrcs nmiumkbacs. Kbk`f, k ak nzquncrjk, ca ca    Idnmf y ca kmuminkjfr-cstrcaak, Xcpc Xcjrfzk, ca lrkm Jrklùm Idnmf y coprcskrnf @kinmtf Xkrrk (cm ca Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs, Ikrkiks). Kbk`f, k ak jcrcidk, @fsî Bcicrrk Ifaocmkrcs, Ifaocmkrcs, afiutfr. Cstks noëlcmcs gucrfm gucrfm ikptkjks, kprfxnokjkocmtc, kprfxnokjkocmtc, cm ;>73.

(Gftf’ifaaklc- 2/2/9). 

:>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

LRKMJCY LAKJNKJFRCY KMIAKJFY CM IKRKIKY Mf pfjcofs sclunr kjcakmtc snm, jc umk vcz, trkcr k ifakinùm umks rcgcrcminks nmninkacs, jc afs oës lrkmjcs auidkjfrcs kmiakjfs cm Ikrkiks. Crkm, ifof jnicm cm ca ocjnf ocjnf lcrcminka, ‑guminfmkrnfs ‑guminfmkrnfs jc pakmtk‟.   pakmtk‟. Idnmf.  Crk tfjf um kitfr Ca prnocrf quc dc jc mfobrkr cs Jrklùm Idnmf.  jca pkmirkinf. pkmirkinf. Ycmskinfmka Ycmskinfmka auidk auidkjfr. Ca oës ‑tkqunaacrf‟. Kaluncm jciïk, y ifm rkzùm, ‑ca dfobrc oës fjnkjf jc Wcmczucak, jcspuîs jc ;:

Xcjrf Cstrkjk‟ .  Cmoksikrkj Cmoksikrkjf. f. Au`fsf cqunpf cqunp f jc bktïm ka stnaf okmjkrïm y oësikrk oësikrk ifm kaclfrïks kaclfrïks sulcrcmtc sulcrcmtcs s jc jrklùm. Akccstnaf auidk anbrc cm Wcmczucak `koës ifmfinù um pcackjfr tkm au`fsf cm sus ktucmjfs. Yubïk ka rnml , kjcoës, kifopkûkjf pfr umk ouy bcaak jkok ktkvnkjk ktkvnkjk tkobnîm k af idnmf. idnmf. Rubnk, `fvcm y ifm ifm kicmtf grkmiîs. Jrklùm crk um scûfr jc ;;8 enafs. ;, o. jc cstkturk. Idnacmf. Yu mfobrc0 mfobrc0 @frlc Xrñssnml \nasfm (;>2;-2882). Ouy konlf konlf jc Rujf Zrcocms. Cm ca Ikpïtuaf >, af ofstrkofs snm su oësikrk jc acycmjk ksnëtnik. (Oës jc um irfmnstk vncmcm fpnmkmjf quc mf cs jcsckbac quc sc oucstrc ca rfstrf jca Jrklùm y jca rcstf jc afs cmoksikrkjfs. cmoksikrk jfs. Mf ifopkrtnofs tka irntcrnf. Ifm ca oës katf jc afs rcspctfs, ofstrkofs ofstrkofs tkmtf aks ikrctks ifof aks ikrks). Ca sclumjf quc dc jc mfobrkr cs Bcrmkrjnmf Ak Okrik.  Okrik.  Sm ikbkaacrf jc ak auidk. Ntkankmf (;>27-288>). Mf crk crk ouy ifrpuacmtf, pcrf ak gucrzk jc sus puûfs y ak jcstrczk cm ak kpanikinùm jc aakvcs, crkm cmfrocs. >3 El. ;, o. jc cstkturk.

;:

  Xcjrf Cstrkjk (;>87-;>4>) guc ca Jnrcitfr jc ak krbntrkrnk y kridnrcprcsnvk pfaniïk pfaïtnik jca lfbncrmf jnitktfrnka jc Okrifs Xîrcz @noîmcz. ‑Yclurnjkj Mkinfmka‟ crk ak jcmfonmkinùm gfroka jca

frlkmnsof.

38

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jkre Buggkaf.  Buggkaf.  Ftrf nmiumkbac. Nopfsnbac dkbakr jc auidk anbrc cm Wcmczucak, snm rcgcrnr cstc ifafsf. Okrlkrntf Ouûfz Afzkmf5 ocxnikmf. ;>87-;>4; (kprfx.). Yu tîtrnik oësikrk mclrk y su iucrpf jc bðgkaf, bkûkrfm jc cofinùm ak paîykjc jc krcmks cm aks iukacs auidù. ;;4 El. ;, o. jc cstkturk. cstkturk. Kalumfs jc sus sus rkslfs ikrkitcrïstnifs0 rujf, (Gftf 2/2/:).

ikonmkr jnsguminfmka (if`ckbk jc  umk pncrmk), sfaïk dkbakr ikstcaakmf ifm um cxtrkûf kicmtf kicmtf kmlafsk`ùm. Cm ca Ikpïtuaf >, af of ofstrkofs strkofs snm su ikrctk ifafr pctrùacf.

Kpfaf cmgrcmtk k Jrklùm Idnmf cm

3;

ca Cstkjnf Faïopnif Bkrqunsnoctf, ;>72.Akrk. (Gftf 2/2/3). 

Wïitfr @noîmcz, Kpfaf @noîmcz, Kpfaf Wcmczfakmf.   Cxicacmtïsnof Wcmczfakmf. auidkjfr irnfaaf. Crk um vcrjkjcrff kirùbktk. Ksï vcrjkjcr ifof cm ak auidk anbrc ocxnikmk, Durkiëm Rkoïrcz (kûfs ‖78) y ‖78) y Oïstnif (dfy cm jïk) ifmstntuycm ca sïobfaf oës mïtnjf jc ak klnanjkj y kirfbkink kîrck sfbrc ca iukjrnaëtcrf, mf dky jujk  Kpfaf Wcmczfakmf  Wcmczfakmf  quc Kpfaf quc cmikrmù ca scmtnjf suprcof jca ofvnoncmtf kîrcf cm ca grklfr jc afs ifobktcs cm  Kpfaf pcskbk Wcmczucak. Kpfaf Wcmczucak.

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  >3 El. Yu cstkturk, ;,48 o. Wnvïk ka cstnaf cstnaf dnppy  cm  cm ca scitfr Ak Lukikokyk, icrikmïks jc ak vcmczfakmk inujkj jc Wkacmink, pcrf cmtrcmkbk ifm ouidf `uninf cm ak ikpntka. Cm 28;7 gkaacinù trëlnikocmtc cm csc scitfr, k cjkj ouy kvkmzkjk. @knoc Lfmzëacz, Ca Gkmtksok.   Ac aakokbkm Gkmtksok. ‑ca rujf jc afs rujfs‟. Yn oka mf rciucrjf, pcrukmf. Ona vcics gunofs on pkjrc y yf k busikraf cm ca bafquc ;> jc ak urbkmnzkinùm Xcjrf Ikoc`f, cm ca ikrkqucûf scitfr Ykrrïk. Ifm s lustf afjckifopkûëbkofs kifopkûëbkof ka Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs, prcinskocmtc pkrk aks rcgrnclks auidïstniks ikjk sëbkjf pfr ak mfidc… (Gftf 2/2/3).  ;23 El. Cstkturk0;,43 Cstkturk0;,43 o. K afs kûfs sc dnzf  @knoc Frczfac. Cm sus nmninfs, usù oësikrk. @knoc Lfmzëacz, aakokr @knoc aakokr Ca Gkmtksok, guc snm jujk umf jc afs pcackjfrcs pcackjfrcs oës nopfrtkmtcs nopfrtkmtcs jc cstk îpfik jca pkmirkinf vcmczfakmf.  Pfrrf Ntkankmf. Ntkankmf. Ftrf pcackjfr jc au`f. Ifocmzù ifm umk oësikrk mclrk, auclf ak pcrjnù. pcrjnù. Ifof auidkjfr rcspctufsf rcspctufsf jc aks rclaks (vkac jcinr0 ‑tîimnif‟;3) crk c`copakr. Ifof rujf (‑suinf‟), cstupcmjf. Xcrukmf5 >7 El.5 ;,48 o. jc cstkturk. Znlrntf jca Rnml. Wcrsëtna, prfgcsnfmka, ifmficjfr jca fgninf. Rupcrtf Iksusf. Xcrukmf. K prnminpnfs jc afs afs ‖78 af vn auidkr ka  , ifm ca mfobrc , Cspkrtcrf. Cspkrtcrf. Kprfx.0 44 El., ;,, af ofstrkofs ofstrkofs snm su ktnlrkjk iikpuidk. kpuidk. Ikmïbka. Zcrrnbac.  Yc dkiïk rkpkr afs aktcrkacs jc su ikbczk, ka Zcrrnbac.  cstnaf ofdnikmf. ofdnikmf. Kum ksï sc dkiïk rcifmficr ifof ‑kgrnikmf‟. Cm rckanjkj crk pcrukmf. Yu cstnaf crk rujf, ouy rujf. Af vn kitukr ifm îxntf cm ca kûf ;>79 cm cm ak vnc`k Xakzk jc Ykmtk Okrïk jc ak inujkj inujkj jc Bflftë, katcrmkmjf ifm ca lrkm Nvëm Xfpfvnid;7… Auclf af vn ona vcics cm ca Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs y cm ftrks krcmks jca nmtcrnfr jc Wcmczucak. Ouy bucm auidkjfr. Kprfx.0 ;89 El., ;,.  ;>3>.   ^k cm ca ca ‖7: ftrf bucm bucm pcackjfr,  pcackjfr,  Ca Lfrnak, jcskrrfaak ca onsof cstnaf jc subnr ka iukjrnaëtcrf ifm umk kifopkûkmtc. Ak Jkok jc aks Ikjcmks crk ca lrntf jc lucrrk jc cstk dcrofsk ouidkidk.

2.9.- ZCRICRK ÎXFIK5 ;>77-;>77 y ifmiauyc cm ;>73 ifm ak vnc`k y trkjninfmka coprcsk ‑Ifrpcs‟… Rciucrjf dkbcr vnstf kmlustnkjf kmlustnkjf k oës jc umf jc sus lcrcmtcs. Guc um kûf jc ouidfs prfbacoks prfbacoks cm cm iukmtf k ak jnrnlcmink ifrpfrktnvk ifrpfrktnvk jca cspcitëiuaf. On pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms,, sfaïk ifocmtkraf. Zrcocms ifocmtkraf. Af incrtf cs quc ak auidk auidk anbrc sc rctnrk jc aks krcmks, y vk k ftrk pkrtc. Ca gîrrcf cspcitëiuaf jc aks pcacks iucrpf k iucrpf, ifm prftklfmnstks vcstnjfs ifm ikpks jc acmtc`ucaks, oësikrks y jcoës cacocmtfs jc cxtrkvklkmink, cxtrkvklkmink,

37

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  kbkmjfmk su mkturka csicmkrnf jc aks pfpuafsks krcmks y cm ifmsciucmink ifmsciucmi nk busik ftrf tcktrf jc fpcrkinfmcs. Zkmtf on pkjrc ifof yf jcpafrëbkofs jcpafrëbkofs ouidf csk sntukinùm. ‑¡Cs quc ‑¡Cs quc snm krcmks, mf dky kutîmtnik auidk!‟, jciïk vcdcocmtcocmtc on vnc`f.  ^ cs vcrjkj. vcrjkj. Cs quc snm um csicmkrnf auidïstnif ikpkz ikpkz jc copfavkr copfavkr afs zkpktfs jc ak gkmktnikjk, gkmktnikjk, jc tncrrk tncrrk sucatk, ¡mf ¡mf dky auidk anbrc! anbrc! Yn umf vk k ak auidk y mf dkaak cm aks nmocjnkinfmcs nmocjnkinfmcs jca ifsf, afs trkjninfmkacs vcmtfrrnaafs vcmtfrrnaafs ifm sus duofs nmvntkmtcs k ifocr tfjf lîmcrf jc ifonjks nmlcmuks y ouatnsëpnjks, pucs kaaï dkbrë iukaquncr ifsk ocmfs auidk anbrc. anbrc. Ca pkmirkinf pkmirkinf cs krcmks5 cs prcscmink jc pucbaf5 cs lrntf jc lcmtc ifoðm5 cs vcmtk jc iftugks (f, ifof jnicm cm Oîxnif, ‑pkafontks jc okïz‟), kalfjfmcs jc kzðikr, pnmidfs jc ikrmcs skzfmkjks, oësikrks, oësikrks, ikpks, ïifmfs. Aks krcmks sfm rcinmtfs jc pkrcjcs jctcrnfrkjks, fafrfsks k ofdf, tfjf af iuka ifmvfik k afs skat scon-inricmscs jc afs afs lakjnkjfrcs. lakjnkjfrcs. Cs ak gëbuak ifmgumjnjk ifmskatfs akfs rckanjkj… rckanjkj…    Cm csfs kûfs sc prcscmtk cm ca cspcitrf lcrcminka jc ak auidk anbrc, um pcrsfmk`c quc yk dkbïkofs ifmfinjf, nmiausf, k gnmkacs jc afs ‖38. Yc trktk jc Bkssna Bkttkd, pknskmf jc on vvnc`f. nc`f. Bkssna sncoprc guc um auidkjfr jc prnocrk iktclfrïk. Mf crk gfrmnjf, pcrf su klnanjkj y ifmfinoncmtf jca krtc, af dkiïk um lakjnkjfr gfronjkbac. gfronjkb ac. Mf ocjïk oës jc ;,. Mf csiktnokbk csgucrzfs pkrk trkcr af oc`fr jca oumjf, k su csicmkrnf. [unzë af oëxnof quc dnzf, dnzf, guc trkcr mkjk ocmfs ocmfs quc ka Jctrfnt.  Csf guc, lrkm @fc Afuns, Ca Bfobkrjcrf jc Jctrfnt.  kprfxnokjkocmtc, cm ;>74.

Lrkm @kifbf ikstnlk k Bkssna. Cstujnf lnlkmtc IWZW, ;>77. (Gftf 2/9/9). 

;>

  Rcmmy Fttfanmk, vcmczfakmf. ;>24-;>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Afs krlcmtnmfs Enml Ykavk`c y Lrkm @kifbf. Ikrkiks, ;>77. (Gftf 2/9/:).

Cm inriumstkminks jca sdfw tcacvnsnvf ‑Ak Lrkm Rcvnstk Rcvnstk jca @ucvcs‟ IWZW, ikmka 4), ca kmnokjfr Kagfmsf Ëavkrcz Lkaakrjf iuopac ifm ca ifoprfonsf jc quntkrac ak oësikrk k Jrklùm Idnmf. Jca Mflka fbscrvk. Gnmkacs jc afs ”78.  (Gftf 2/9/3). 

78

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Bcrmkrjnmf Akokrik kpanik ‑tfricjfrk‟ ka iucaaf jc j c Lfrnak. ;>77, kprfx. (Gftf 2/9/7).

7;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks. (Gftf 9/;).

72

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF ‑CA

79

  9

MSCWF INRIF‟ IFOF IFAFGÙM JC FRF 

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

9.;.- @FC AFSNY, CA BFOBKRJCRF JC

JCZRFNZ , WK IKRKIKY XKRK KRBNZRKR SM IFOBKZC JCKASIDK Ifof sc skbc, @fc Afuns cmikrmk umk jc gnlurks jc okyfr rcprcscmtktnvnjkj rcprcscmtktnvnjk j dnstùrnik cm ca bfxcf nmtcrmkinfmka. nmtcrmkinfmka. Mf sfm pfifs afs kmkanstks jc cstk jnsinpanmk, quc fpnmkm quc îa dk snjf ca oc`fr jc afs ikopcfmcs oumjnkacs jc pcsf pcskjf ifm afs iukacs dk ifmtkjf ak dnstfrnk. Mkinù cm CC. SS. SS. cm ;>;:5 ournù ournù cm ;>4;. Yus kûfs jc lafrnk, afs ‖98 y afs ‖:8. Bncm5 pcrf… ¶quî tncmc quc vcr cstc supcr-ikopcùm supcr-ikopcùm jca bfxcf oumjnka, ifm ak auidk anbrc jc ak `kjckmtc y ikrkqucûk jîikjk jc afs ‖786 Wckofs. K Bkssna sc ac fiurrnù fiurrnù quc umk pcack ‑k oucrtc‟ cmtrc su prfpnk Idnmf, ifmtkmjf ifm Afuns ifof ërbntrf, pfjïk pcrsfmk y Jrklùm Idnmf, rcprcscmtkr ‑um bktkikzf jc tkqunaak‟. tkqunaak‟. ^ cm cgcitf, ksï rcsuatù.

ZCYZNOFMNF JC JFM @FRLC XRÑYYNML \NAYFM28  Ca ;3 jc kbrna jc ;>4> dnic umk cmtrcvnstk k Jfm @frlc Xrñssnml  Jrklùm Idnmf.  ^k sc kicrikbk \nasfm, Jrklùm \nasfm, kicrikbk k afs sctcmtk kûfs kûfs jc cjkj. cjkj. Guc ak ðatnok cmtrcvnstk cxtcmjnjk sfbrc ca tcok jc ak auidk anbrc 2;5 c`crinjk, kjcoës, ifm ëmnof, tkmtf jc pkrtc jc îa, ifof jc on 28

 Yc prcscmtk umk ttrkmsirnpi rkmsirnpinùm nùm cstrnitkocmtc gnca jc caaf. Ca sfpfrtc gïsnif (sfmfrf) cs k gfroktf jc iksscttc. iksscttc.   Oës kjcakmtc sc ifopactk ak cmtrcvnstk. © Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf. 2;  Dubf ftrks, auclf5 pcrf yk yk cm ca fiksf jc su vnjk. Ak pfbrczk y ak jcprcsnùm ifmspnrkbkm ifm ak oftnvkinùm jc ifmtkr sus nmtcrcskmtïsnoks vnvcminks.

7:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  pcrsfmk. [uncrf ofstrkr k ifmtnmuki ifmtnmukinùm nùm um grklocmtf jc îstk. Xrcinskocmtc tncmc quc vcr ifm ak rcinîm rcgcrnjk pcack jcskrrfaakjk cmtrc su pcrsfmk y Bkssna Bkttkd, ifm ca krbntrk`c sðpcr-cstcakr jca cxikopcùm oumjnka @fc Afuns (k ak skzùm, k sus inmiucmtk y iuktrf kûfs). Cm ;>74 guc ak rcgrnclk. Ca kutfr Ssukaocmtc ak auidk sc vnmiuak ifm ca bfxcf (‑Ca iktid ifm ca bfx‟, ifof jnicm ustcjcs cm ca sur), jc tka

okmcrk quc ouidfs jc quncmcs mfs lustù ak auidk anbrc, pfr kûkjnjurk cstëbkofs pcmjncmtcs jc af quc fiurrncrk cm ca bfxcf, y ka rcvîs. rcvîs. Dubf k mnvca nmtcrmkinfmka, nmtcrmkinfmka, ikopcfmcs ikopcfmcs jc bfxcf ifof Xrnof Ikrmcrk22 y @fc Afuns, afs iukacs sc vnmiuakrfm ifm ak auidk… ¶Iuëmjf ifmfinstc pcrsfmkaocmtc k @fc Afuns6

@fc crk um ïjfaf. Xkrk oï, @fc Afuns crk ca ïjfaf. Yncoprc scluïk aks lrkmjcs pcacks quc dnzf cm kqucaak îpfik, y guc ouy cofinfmkmtc pkrk oï, vcr quc af dkbïkm trkïjf cspcinkaocmtc pkrk krbntrkr umk auidk cmtrc Bkssna Bkttkd y on pcrsfmk. r lùm  

Ca kutfr Csf guc, oës oës f ocmfs… ¶cm quî kûf6 r lùm  

Cm ca 74 f 7>.

Ca kutfr ¶Csk auidk guc cm ca Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks6 Jrklùm Cm ca Mucvf Mucvf Inrif. Ouy bfmntk cstuvf, cstuvf, bkstkmtc

 gucrtc. Sm cspcitëiuaf cspcitëiuaf quc cofinfmù k ak lcmtc, yk yk quc dkbïk vnstf k @fc Afuns pfr pcaïiuaks y k mnvca jc ak tcacvnsnùm5 mkjk oës. Kaaï sc tuvf ak ak fiksnùm fiksnùm jc vcraf vcraf 22

  Xrnof Ikrmcrk. Ntkankmf. ;>87-;>774, kprfx. (Gftf 9/2). 

Afuns ikc scmtkjf y… ¡vcf k csk trcocmjk ofac… k csk trcocmjk tfrrc quc sc oc vncmc vncmc cminok… cminok… ^f ircf ircf quc af vn oës katf jc af crk. Oc octnù, pucs, su lkmidf  nzquncrjf cm ca dïlkjf dïlkjf y oc tnrù ak jcrcidk cm ca ocmtùm. ocmtùm. Oc tnrù k jfs octrfs jc jnstkmink. Xujc zkgkroc um pfquntf jc csc lfapc, pfrquc cstuvc k tncopf jc dkicrac ca quntc. Jc tfjks okmcrks ak pftcmink quc aacvkbk… Zfjfs ons r lùm  

7<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ifopkûcrfs oc onrkbkm ak okmjïbuak y vcïkm ca akbnf rcvcmtkjf. Ca kutfr ¶Zc ifmtkrfm6 r lùm  

Rkpnjïsnof. Mumik dk dkbïk bïk vnstf ifmtkr cm nmlaîs tkm

rëpnjf.

Ca kutfr

¶Xcrf cmtfmics Bkssna mf tc dnzf pucstk jc cspkajk  u ftrf oîtfjf jc rcmjninùm6 cspkajk Jrklùm

Mf, mkjk. Yùaf mfikut , ikmtkjf jcsjc krrnbk.

Afuns…  Ca kutfr Xfr ca lfapc jc Afuns…  r lùm  

Iakrf, crk @fc Afuns quncm pclù.

Ca kutfr Yùaf ksï ac acvkmtkrfm ak okmf k um ifmtcmjfr jca   Jrklùm Idnmf. r lùm  

74

Bkssna… Sm ifmtcmjfr ifmtcmjfr quc mf guc ifmtcmjfr.  ifmtcmjfr. 

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

@fc Afuns jk ifof trnumgkjfr k Bkssna Bkttkd. ;>74, kprfx. (Gftf 9/9).

7>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

9.2.- AFY IKOXCFMCY OSMJNKACY KMZFMNMF RFIIK ^ BRSMF YKMOKRZNMF DKAAKM IFRRCYXFMJNCMZCY IFMZCMJFRCY CM AK IKXNZKA WCMCPFAKMK Jca mfrtc aaclkm k Ikrkiks, yk k gnmkacs jc afs ‖78, afs oës lrkmjcs ikopcfmcs jc aks frlkmnzkinfmcs frlkmnzkinfmcs auidïstniks ifm scjc scjc cm CC. SS. Mkjk ocmfs quc Kmtfmnmf Kmtfmnmf Rfiik y Brumf Brumf Ykmokrtnmf. Mf dky jujk quc guc um lrkm csgucrzf coprcskrnka jc Bkssna Bkttkd, jc ikrk k jkrac fxïlcmf k ak rujk jnsinpanmk quc yk jkbk sïmtfoks jc klftkoncmtf.

Yn k kalumk pcrsfmk quc oës f ocmfs ifmfzik jc auidk anbrc prfgcsnfmka, sc sfanintk quc jî um mfobrc mfobrc jc rkmlf dnstùrnif mf jujkrë pkrk trkcr trkcr k ifakinùm ca mfobrc mfobrc jc Kmtfmnmf Rfiik. Kmtfmnmf Rfiik, ifof sc skbc, guc umf jc afs auidkjfrcs jc okyfr gkok cm ca oumjf, k af akrlf jca pkskjf pkskjf snlaf. Mf pfiks pfiks ifrpfrkinfmcs ifrpfrkinfmcs cstkjfumnjcmscs af rcifmfiïkm ifof ca vcrjkjcrf ikopcùm jca dconsgcrnf. Mkinù k gnmkacs gnmkacs jc afs ‖28. ‖28. Kalumks gucmtcs sfstncmcm quc csc mkinoncmtf fiurrnù fiurrnù cm Krlcmtnm Krlcmtnmk5 k5 ftrks, cm Ntkank. Ntkank. Ournù tcoprkmkocmtc. tcoprkmkoc mtc. Ouy akocmtkbacocmtc akocmtkbacocmtc mf aaclù k iuaonmkr su qunmtk jîikjk vnjk.ocjnjk, Cm CC.afSS., pkïs pkïs cm ca dnzf vnjk prfgcsnfmka cm jc okyfr kpfjkbkm ‑caiuka Krlcmtnmk‟. Krlcmtnmk ‟. Ksï ifof cm cstc lrkm pkïs jca sur afs mfobrcs jc Bfmkvcmk y jc Ofmzùm ifmgfrokm ca cstkmjkrtc mkinfmka jca bfxcf nmtcrmkinfmka, y ca mfobrc jc Okrkjfmk rcprcscmtk ak oëxnok cxprcsnùm mkinfmka jca gutbfa nmtcrmkinfmka, ca mfobrc jc Kmtfmnmf Rfiik cmikrmk, ksnonsof, ca oës katf frluaaf cm oktcrnk jc auidk anbrc.

7> iikopcùm ukmjf cmkrlcmtnmf-ntkankmf csc iaësnif ifsf ikrkqucûf, ca Mucvf Inrif, jca sc cmgrcmtk caiukmjf @kifbf.  Af cm rcgcrcmink, ifm ca pkmirkinkstk jc pakmtk, Lrkm pakmtk, Lrkm @kifbf.  rciucrjf ifof kycr tfjk vcz quc crkm afs jïks iuaonmkmtcs jc ons kofrïfs ifm Afrcjkmk Brkmjnmn. Ak Fmjk Mucvk jc Kajcokrf Rfocrf sfmkbk lrktkocmtc cm tfjks aks tncmjks jca Icmtrf Ifocrinka Idkikïtf, tfjf af iuka cstkbk tkm jc ofjk cm csfs jïks. Nmvntî k on idnik ka ifsf ifsf jc Ykm Klustïm k vcr vcr ak pcack. Ifmgncsf quc vn ak rcgrnclk, k ocjnks… ocjnks… Ak ntkankmïsnok mkrnz jc jc Afrcjkmk tr trkïk kïk k ons `uvcmnacs puasnfmcs ak noklcm jc Anzk Onmcaan… Yu bfik, k Xkuak Bcaanmn. Yu tkokûf, tkokûf, k Lnflnk Afobkrjnmn. Afobkrjnmn. Zfjf caaf oc rcsuatkbk oës nmtcrcskmtc aks@kifbf.  okrfoks jc Rfiik y ‑aks dunjks 29 quc @kifbf. kjcakmtc‟ jc  jcquc  Lrkm   Mfkîrcks fbstkmtc, rciucrjf guc dkink umk lrkm pcack…   pcack… On pkjrc oc jciïk, ifm su okrikjf kicmtf anbkmîs0 ‑Onrk dn`f5 mf sî iùof vkm vkm k dkicr dkicr Kmtfmnf y Rfssn. Mf sî. Cs quc caafs tncmcm vnc`k konstkj y kjcoës sfm krlcmtnm krlcmtnmïsnofs‟. ïsnofs‟. Cm cgcitf, Rfiik y @kifbf yk sc dkbïkm ifmfinjf cm tkmtks pakzks rcifrrnjks pfr umf y ftrf. Ak ifoðm ifmjninùm jc bfmkcrcmsc, kjcoës, crk umk aakvc jc kgcitf. Iukmjf, jïks kmtcs jc ak pcack, yf afs fïk ifmvcrskr k trfupc,, oc pkrciïk cstkr nmstkminks jc afs ëlkpcs prfpnfs jc ak trfupc fycmjf umk paëtnik cmtrc Lkrjca y Xcrùm5 cmtrc Idkraf y Dulf jca Ikrrna5 cmtrc Klustïm Nrustk Nrustk y Kabcrtf Ikstnaaf… Ikstnaaf… Af quc gkatkbk cm cm csks inriumstkminks crk um bkmjfmcùm jc gfmjf…  gfmjf… 

29

 Ifm ak kyujk jca oktcrnka quc prcscmtk cm ak rcj, ca irfmnstk vcmczfakmf Rflcanf Lna. dttp0//ontfm.mnrcbafl.ifo/pfst/288>/8>/8>/ca-lrkm-`kifbfIgr.0 rcifrjkjf-pfr-afs-gkmktnifs-jc-ak-auidk-anbrc-jc-ontkm  

, Jrklùm Idnmf iucmtk aks vninsntujcs… Ca kutfr

Dkbacofs jc Ykmokrtnmf. Ykmokrtnmf. ¶Iuëmjf ifmfinstc ifmfinstc k Brumf Ykmokrtnmf6 r lùm  

Csf guc ifof cm ca „7>… F cm ca „3< k jnsgrutkr aks pcaïiuaks auidk cm ca Inmcsfbrc Xrnminpka jcanbrc Ikrkiks (y ftrfs tkobnîm ubnikjfs cm aks nmocjnkinfmcs jca Xkakinf Gcjcrka Aclnsaktnvf)… Aclnsaktnvf)… (Gftf :/;/;;). 

Yfbrc ak pkrtc katk jc aks pkrcjcs grfmtkacs jca tcktrf, ofmtkbkm jfs lrkmjcs pcmjfmcs vcrtnikacs jc tcak (jc 2 o. jc katf, ikjk umf), ifm aks noëlcmcs jc Ykmtf jc Ykmtf y Durkiëm Rkoïrcz, aks iukacs

43

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  kabfrftkbkm cm tfjfs mfsftrfs afs cspïrntus jc kvcmturk, tkm prfpnfs jc csks cjkjcs quc jcspnjcm ak mnûcz y kpcmks kbfrjkm ak kjuatcz. Jcbk`f jc cstfs ikrtcafmcs dkbïk umfs brcvcs tcxtfs quc kmuminkbkm tkmtf ‑af nmtcrcskmtc‟ nmtcrcskmtc‟ jc ak pcaïiuak, ifof ak vnsntk quc ka onsoïsnof csicmkrnf jca tcktrf prfoctïkm dkicr afs lakjnkjfrcs, cm pakm jc skaujkr ifrjnkaocmtc k tfjfs afs gkmëtnifs quc kaaï ksnstncrkm. Yupcrokm  ‑cm pcrsfmk‟! ¡Csf crk ifof vcr ka prfpnf Yupcrokm pcrsfmk‟! Cm cgcitf, cgcitf, k ontkj jc ak pcaïiuak kbrïkm umk pkusk y cmtfmics afs aclcmjkrnfs auidkjfrcs sc kpkrciïkm pcrsfmkaocmtc cm ca csicmkrnf.  sfuvcmnrs. (Cm ca Inmc Gnrokbkm kutùlrkgfs y rcpkrtïkm rupcstrcs rupcstrcs sfuvcmnrs. Ofmtcikraf, ouy icrik jca prcintkjf Xrnminpka, csc cstnaf jc katcrmkr ak pcaïiuak ifm kalumk pkrtninpkinùm krtïstnik cm vnvf, tkobnîm sc jcskrrfaakbk pacmkocmtc5 pacmkocmtc5 iakrf, mf ifm ca tcok jc ak auidk anbrc snmf s nmf ifm ca ksumtf crùtnif. crùtnif. Xrcscmtkbkm Xrcscmtkbkm kaaï afs gkofsfs ‑Gcstnvkacs ‑Gcstnvkacs Grïvfaf-Buracsifs‟ GrïvfafBuracsifs‟.. Ons konlfs y yf tuvnofs quc cspcrkr afs kmsnkjfs jncinfidf kûfs jc cjkj, pkrk pfjcr jnsgrutkr tkm sulcstnvf cvcmtf. [uncmcs prnocrf afs nbkm iuopancmjf, mkrrkbkm ifm cxklcrkinùm aks vnvcminks, vnvcminks, ka rcstf. rcstf. Iukmjf k oï oc tfiù tfiù nr kaaï, pujc, ¡pfr gnm!, vcr vcr k Okrïk Ykafoî… ‑k ak quc tfjf ca oumjf sc ak quncrc vcr‟).   vcr‟). Rcntcrf, guc yk bncm kmjkjk ak sclumjk ontkj jc afs ‖38 iukmjf  iukmjf   Ykmtf ifoncmzk Ykmtf  ifoncmzk k ikutnvkr i kutnvkr afs gkmëtnifs vcmczfakmfs vcmczfakmfs jc ak a k auidk anbrc5 pcrf cs bucmf skbcr quc yk dkbïkofs ifmfinjf k um lrkm Kscsnmf0 ca auidkjfr ifm ‑cmoksikrkjf jc paktk‟. Crk Ca Oîjnif Kscsnmf0 ikrctk bakmik quc ifm ak ifmgcsk kurcfak jc ‑cmoksikrkjf jc paktk‟ mfs dkbïk dcidf sus gkmëtnifs k pumtk mf sùaf jc sus gîrrcfs ifobktcs snmf jc sus pcaïiuaks. Cs oës, cm ;>32 vn cm ca Inmc Bcaak Wnstk jc ak inujkj jc Bkrqunsnoctf, ak pcaïiuak quc aacvkbk pfr tïtuaf mkjk oës y mkjk ocmfs quc ‑Ca Cmoksikrkjf jc Xaktk‟2>, ifmtkmjf ifm cstc pkmirkinkstk ifof cstrcaak (sucrtc jc sðpcr-dîrfc) y ak 2>

  Igr.0 dttp0//www.inmcgkmnk.ifo/lakjnkjfrcs/ofvnc.pdp/;:27;4:. Rfjfagf Luzoëm Ducrtk, su mfobrc rck rckaa9;. Cm rckanjkj su trnumgkjfrk ikrrcrk ikrrcrk ifof auidkjfr prfgcsnfmka y krtnstk jc inmc ifoncmzk cm ;>34, kumquc yk cm afs ‖:8 pcrtcmciïk k aks bucmks trfupcs jca trfupcs  jca pkïs kztcik. kztcik. Cm umk fiksnùm (ircf quc cm ;>7:) vfy vfy ifm on pkjrc k Cspkûk cm pakm jc jc ‑jcsiubrnr‟ bucmfs pkmirkinkstks y prcscmtkrafs kmtc afs cmtcs if ifmtrktkmtcs mtrktkmtcs jc Wcmczucak. Wcmczucak. Cm Ntkank tkobnîm cstuvnofs… cstuvnofs… Afs gkmëtnifs gkmëtnifs curfpcfs curfpcfs jc ak auidk oc prclumtkbkm ifm ouidk gruninùm kicrik jc Ykmtf. jc Ykmtf. Oc prclumtkbkm 98

  Ak prcmsk kztcik cspcinkanstk cm ak auidk anbrc, lustk jc aakokr ‑fak bakmik‟ k ak fmjk  quc cmtfmics dubf jc cxntfsfs pcackjfrcs ifm oësikrk bakmik. Kjcoës jc Ca Ykmtf y Ca Oîjnif Kscsnmf, kpkrcincrfm ftrfs5 k skbcr0 Ca Cmgcrocrf, Ëmlca Bakmif, Jr. \klmcr… Cm Wcmczucak, yk cm afs „78, Ca Jr. Mcasfm guc gkofsf pfr bucm auidkjfr y pfr uskr nopcikbac ktucmjf kakbkstrnmf.  Ournù cm 28;4 cm ak inujkj vcmczfakmk Ak Luknrk. Igr.0dttp0//gfrf.umnvnsnfm.ifo/t3/Auidk-Anbrc/AK-quft-FAK-BAKMIK9; quft-CA-YKMZF-CA-CMGCROCRF-^-CA-OCJNIF/o-p/9787:7:>7

  Igr.0 dttp0//cs.wnenpcjnk.frl/wnen/CaVYkmtf

4<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Yupcrokm)) f um pcrsfmk`c sn crk um pcrsfmk`c gnitninf (tnpf Bktokm f Yupcrokm rcka. Yc sfrprcmjïkm iukmjf acs cxpanikbk quc crk um scr duokmf rcka… [uc crk, kjcoës kjcoës jc kitfr inmcoktflrëgnif, inmcoktflrëgnif, um auidkjfr vcrjkjcrf. Kjcoës jc vcraf pcrsfmkaocmtc cm afs prcintkjfs inmcs jca icmtrf jc Ikrkiks, tuvc ak fpfrtumnjkj jc ksnstnr k vkrnks jc sus lrkmjnfsks auidks. Ca Mucvf Inrif Inrif jc Ikrkiks Ikrkiks guc ca csicmkrnf. csicmkrnf. Cm umk fiksnùm, kmjkmjf yf ifm on pkjrc, af vn jnsiutncmjf kikafrkjkocmtc ifm  ifm    Kmjkrïm. Mumik supc kicrik jc afs oftnvfs…  oftnvfs…  Yu dn`f snluc afs pksfs jc su pkjrc. Bucm pkmirkinkstk pkmirkinkstk ca ouidkidf.. Zncmc kjcoë ouidkidf kjcoëss ‑ca vkafr klrclk klrclkjf‟ jf‟ jc pfsccr pfsccr cxicacmtc cxprcsnùm vcrbka.

OFONK KPZCIK ^ ZNLRC ANBKMÎY ‑XCRJNCRFM AKY IKBCPKY‟… Kprfxnokjkocmtc cm ;>7:, vnmf k Ikrkiks y Bkrqunsnoctf, Ofonk Kprfxnokjkocmtc  Kztcik. Smk oësikrk jc ycsf jurf ifm umfs nrrcluakrcs pcafs ifalkmtcs. Zfjf ca iucrpf iucrpf ‑cobkaskokjf‟ ‑cobkaskokjf‟ k pumtk jc suinks suinks lksks kokrnaacmtks ifm ifm trkzks skmlunmfacmtks. skmlunmfacmtks. Af subïkm kkaa rnml , octnjf cm um ktkðj. ktkðj. Fbvnkocmtc crk prcscmtkjf ifof ocxnikmf5 mf fbstkmtc k kaluncm sc ac fiurrnù fiurrnù jcinr quc cm vcrjkj vcrjkj crk ifafobnkmf. ifafobnkmf. Dkyk snjf jc ak qucrnjk mkinùm ocxnikmk (ifof af sulcrïk ca mfobrc) f dkyk snjf jc ak nlukaocmtc qucrnjk mkinùm ifafobnkmk, jcofstrù Ak Ofonk scr Ofonk  scr um lrkm auidkjfr. Rciucrjf quc jcskrrfaaù, jcskrrfaaù , k pacmf Anbkmîs cm ca afika jca Inmc klukicrf, umk gcrfz auidk ifm Znlrc Anbkmîs cm Xrnminpka jc Bkrqunsnoctf.

44

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Ofonk Kztcik. (Gftf :/;/;2).

Znlrc Anbkmîs.  (Gftf :/;/;9).

Zfjfs quncmcs jc kalumk okmcrk cstëbkofs rcakinfmkjfs rcakinfmkjfs ifm afs prfjuitfrcs jc csc cvcmtf, y ksnstnofs k îstc, mfs qucjkofs cstupcgkitfs ka vcr iùof um ifobktc ifmicbnjf ifmgfroc k afs ifmvcmnoncmtfss jnsinpanmkrnfs prfpnfs jc ak coprcsk auidïstnik y afs ifmvcmnoncmtf lakjnkjfrcs onsofs, jcvnmf jcvnmf ka gnmka g nmka cm umk auidk ‑jc vcrjkj, vcrjkj‟. Mumik supc sn supc sn sc trktkbk jc vnc`ks rcminaaks cmtrc umf y ftrf pcackjfr, pcrf pucjf jcinr dfy pfr dfy quc ak trnguaik cmtrc îstfs guc bërbkrk. bërbkrk. Xucjf jcinr cm cm cstfs jïks cm afs iukacs iukacs ca snlaf TTN kpumtk k ak ontkj jc su tncopf, t ncopf, quc cm csk vnfacmtk mfidc bkrqunsnoctkmk jc ;>7:, ak auidk anbrc sc trkmsgnlurù cm umk sucrtc jc ‑krtcs okrinkacs onxtks‟92, Satnoktc Gnldtnml 99, Bcaaktfr 9: cm gnm. Zka ifof cstkbk ifmicbnjk ak ifsk, ac acvkmtkrfm ak okmf ka ërkbc5 jc sclunjf ca aktnmf jnic0 ‑^f mf dc pcrjnjf cstk pcack‟ y cm 92

  dttp0//cs.wnenpcjnk.frl/wnen/KrtcsVokrinkacsVonxtks

99

9: dttp0//www.ugicspkmfa.ifo/

 dttp0//www.bcaaktfr.ifo/

4>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  um sfaf kitf, sc ac guc cminok k pumtk jc umk kmjkmkjk bcstnka jc Znlrc rckiinfmù tkobnîm ifm nmusntkjk lfapcs jc puûf y pktkjks. Ca Znlrc rckiinfmù vnfacmink. Ikïk umk pcrtnmkz pcrtnmkz aauvnk sfbrc sfbrc caafs y tfjfs tfjfs afs kaaï prcscmtcs… Ak pfaniïk pfaniïk tuvf quc nmtcrvcmnr. nmtcrvcmnr. Guc tcrrnbac… tcrrnbac… ¡tcrrnbac! ¡tcrrnbac!  



 XCRÐ… 

Jc cstc pkïs kmjnmf vnmncrfm ouidfs auidkjfrcs. auidkjfrcs. Wckofs. Afs  @knoc Ca Gkmtksok, Kmjkrïm y Kmjkrïm y Idniakykmf  Idniakykmf,, qunzë gucrfm afs rcgcrnjfs @knoc rcgcrnjfs prnocrfs. Ntkankmf, af vnofs Ka auidkjfr nmik iuyf mfobrc jc lucrrk crk Pfrrf crk  Pfrrf Ntkankmf, auidkr prnocrkocmtc prnocrkocmtc ifm umk oësikrk oësikrk mclrk5 auclf snm caak. Cm umf y ftrf iksf, Pfrrf iksf, Pfrrf guc um lakjnkjfr lakjnkjfr jc prnocrk prnocrk aïmck. Cspcitkiuakr. Oëxnof Grkmif, Ikmïbka. Guc umf jc afs rujfs cxtrcofs. cxtrcofs. Ouy bucm kitfr cm ca iukjrnaëtcrf. iukjrnaëtcrf. K cstc cxicacmtc pkmirkinkstk, pkmirkinkstk, frnumjf frnumjf jca pkïs jc Idkbuik Lrkmjk, af prcscmtkbkm usukaocmtc ifof ‑kgrnikmf‟. Dky quc mfobrkr jc mucvf ka lrkm Rupcrtf Iksusf. Rupcrtf Iksusf guc umf jc afs pfifs auidkjfrcs quc aflrù îxntf, prnocrf snm ikrctk y auclf ifm ak ikpuidk. Ifoðmocmtc ak sucrtc crk ka rcvîs.  Znlrntf jca Rnml. Iksusf ifocmzù ifof Ca Cspkrtcrf5 auclf auclf Znlrntf Nopcikbac cm kobfs rfacs. (Zkobnîm cm ca mIkpïtuaf >, kaujnjf af jf prcscmtkofs prcscmtkof s snm oësikrk). Zcmlf ak mfinù mfinùm quc ca yk kaujn Ofmtkûntk, tkobnîm crk jca pkïs nmik…  nmik…  Ak Yfobrk crk ftrf pcackjfr ouy bucmf. bucmf. Ac tfiù kitukr cm ;>79. Auclf sc ifmvnrtnù ifmvnrtnù cm Zdc Ofmstcr. Rciucrjf quc dkbïk scûfrks gkmëtniks quc ac jciïkm jci ïkm ‑ca jcofmtrc‟. Kabcrtf Kabcrtf Zkoky Zkokyf, f, su mfobrc rcka. rcka. Yn oka mf rciucr rciucrjf, jf, vnvnù ouidfs kûfs kûfs cm Inujkj Kankmzk, Cstkjf Ikrkbfbf, Ikrkbfbf, Wcmczucak. Wcmczucak. Klrclf ifof cacocmtf jc iurnfsnjkj quc jc Xcrð vnmncrfm (cm jngcrcmtcs kûfs) jfs pkmirkinkstks ifm mïtnjfs rkslfs ksnëtnifs, ekrktc (`kpfmîs) ktkvnkjfss ifm enofmfs y ifm ofvnoncmtfs ka cstnaf ekrktc ktkvnkjf  (`kpfmîs) f tkcewfmjf (ifrckmf). Mclrf5 (ifrckmf).   Smf jc caafs sc dkiïk aakokr Jrklùm Mclrf5

>8

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  gfronjkbac cm ca iukjrnaëtcrf5 ca ftrf , @ujf Zkekmkek. Xucs bncm, mnmlumf crk ksnëtnif (kumquc mf jujf quc tcmïkm icrikmk  Ofmlfa ksicmjcmink ksicmjcmi nk frncmtka). Jc tncrrks pcrukmks, prficjïkm.  prficjïkm.   Kd, Kd, Ofmlfa mf crk jc Ofmlfank5 crk pcrukmf.  pcrukmf. 

KRLCMZNMK, IDNAC, IFAFOBNK ^ FZRFY XKÏYCY JCA DCONYGCRNF…  Jc Krlcmtnmk vnmncrfm, ifof yk dcofs kpumtkjf, ca lrkm Kmtfmnmf Rfiik, Lrkm @kifbf, Enml Ykavk`c, Dfobrc Ofmtkûk, Rcmktf Ca Dcrofsf… Dubnîrkof Dubnîrkofss qucrnjf ifmtkr cm Wcmczucak, cm kalðm ofocmtf, ifm cstrcaaks ifof Okrtïm Ekrkjklnëm, pcrf qucjkofs, cm vkmf, cspcrkmjf. Okrtïm Ekrkjklnëm Ekrkjklnëm (;>22-;>>;) guc um pkmirkinkstk krlcmtnmf (jc frnlcm krocmnf) quc aflrù katïsnok pfpuakrnjkj cm su pkïs cmtrc afs ‖78, ‖;

(Gftf :/;/;:). 

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Jc Idnac mf vnmncrfm ouidfs, pcrf af quc mfs cmvnù csc pkïs guc purk cxicacmink. Jrklùm Idnmf, Nmjnf Okpuidc, Oïstcr Idnac,  Idnac,  @fc @fc Gnik…  Xkrkjù`nikocmtc, ak prcscmink Xkrkjù`nikocmtc, jc Ifafobnk Ifafobnk guc cxnluk. Zkmtf on Zrcocms, ifof pkjrc, Rujf Zrcocms, Jrklùm Idnmf, Idnmf, rcgcrïkm ifm grciucmink y jc bucmk okmcrk k Ifafobnkmf) y Bnaa Okrtïmcz (Znlrc (Znlrc Ifafobnkmf) y k um dcrokmf jc îa, Rujf îa, Rujf Okrtn m m,, kobfs cxicacmtcs pcackjfrc pcackjfrcs. s. Znlrc Ifafobnkmf cs Ifafobnkmf cs um ïifmf nmjnsiutnbac pkrk ak dcrokmk Rcpðbanik jc Ifafobnk. Ifafobnk. Af vn bktnîmjfsc ifmtrk Ytcvc Aflkm um sëbkjf 28 jc kbrna jc ;>79 cm aks trkjninfmkaïsnokss krcmks jc ak trkjninfmkaïsnok bflftkmk Xakzk jc Ykmtk Okrïk.

Bnaa Okrtïmcz, Znlrc Ifafobnkmf.  (Gftf :/;/;3).

Auidù cxntfskocmtc cxntfskocmtc cm Curfpk. Curfpk. Zkobnîm pujc prcscminkr prcscminkr cstupcmjks auidks auidks anbrkjks cm Oîxnif. Oîxnif. Dfy cm jïk jïk tncmc umk cjkj ouy kvkmzkjk5 kum ksï cstë cm jcoksïk kitnvf ifof nmstruitfr jc krtcs okrinkacs (sfbrc tfjf cm Xucrtf Rnif) y ifof irfmnstk prfaïgcrf sfbrc ca tcok jc ak auidk anbrc. Af prfycitk k trkvîs jc Gkicbffe. Znlrc Ifafobnkmf -Bnaa Okrtïmcz- fiupk, snm jujk, um aulkr a ulkr cspcinka cm ak auidk anbrc aktnmfkocrnikmk. Dky quc trkcr k ifakinùm k Ekobk k Ekobk Ca Ykavk`c. Crk um pkmirkinkstk ouy rujf. Yu ktucmjf ktucmjf crk pkrcinjf pkrcinjf ka quc uskbk uskbk Lfrnak. Mf aflrf prcinskr su mkinfmkanjkj. mkinfmkanjkj. Zcmlf umk ouy ac`kmk ac`kmk mfinùm jc quc crk bfanvnkmf… Xrfbkbacocmtc Xrfbkbacocmtc tcmlk rkzùm, k tcmfr tcmfr jc su mfobrc jc Ikobk,, ksï ifm i, cs ca tîronmf anmlñïstnif ifm ca iuka lucrrk. Ikobk

>2

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  pfpuakrocmtc sc njcmtngnik cm Bfanvnk, k ak lcmtc jc Ykmtk Iruz jc ak Yncrrk (umk inujkj ouy nopfrtkmtc jc csk dcrokmk mkinùm kmjnmk). Jca Ikrnbc y Koîrnik jca Icmtrf, tkobnîm mfs aaclkrfm Smnvcrsntkrnf y Bkrùm jcaclkinfmcss jc pcackjfrcs. Cmtrc ftrfs, Ca Smnvcrsntkrnf y jcaclkinfmc Fanvk.. Cspciïgnikocmtc jc Iubk rcinbnofs Fanvk rcinbnofs auidkjfrcs auidkjfrcs jc katïsnof mnvca. Iruz Jnkbaf y Lrkm Aftkrnf aaclkm k Ikrkiks cm afs kûfs nmninkacs jc afs ‖38. Ca prnocrf pfrtkbk pfrtkbk umk oësikr oësikrkk rf`k ifm umk iruz bakmik cm ak grcmtc. Zcrrnbacocmtc rujf rujf c dnstrnùmnif. dnstrnùmnif. Ca irfmnstk Fsikr ^kmcs jk iucmtk93 quc cstc jïsifaf auidkjfr kmtnaakmf aflrù cm tka îpfik tkm katk pfpuakrnjkj, quc ca onsoïsnof jnitkjfr Xîrcz @noîmcz okmjù k rckanzkr umk cmiucstk cm pakm jc vcr sn csc krrknlf ifm ak lcmtc, ifopctïk ifm su ifmjninùm jc ‑dfobrc ‑ dfobrc gucrtc jc ak mkinùm‟. mkinùm‟. ^kmcs mfs ^kmcs mfs jnic quc ca mfobrc jc cstc mftkbac auidkjfr crk Ycrkgïm Ycrkgïm Lfmzëacz. Ca sclumjf sclumjf jc afs afs auidkjfrcs auidkjfrcs Aftkrnf, crk ca oës ifrpuacmtf jc tfjk ak trfupc. iubkmfs, Lrkm Aftkrnf, Kiuouaù tkobnîm ouidïsnok ouidïsnok gkok jc bucm bucm pcackjf pcackjfr. r. Okrnf Brntf, su mfobrc y kpcaanjf. kpcaanjf. ^k cm afs kûfs cm afs afs iukacs `kjckbk `kjckbk ca cspcitëiuaf, jcvncmc cm kitfr jc tcacmfvcaks. tcacmfvcaks.

:.2.-  XRCYCMINK JCA OSMJF ËRKBC, CYXKÛK ^ XFRZSLKA Jc afs pkïscs ërkbcs mfs aaclkrfm vcrjkjcrfs vcrjkjcrfs prfgcsnfmkacs jca pkmirkinf. Aïbkmf, Ynrnk… Bkssna Bkttkd y su dcrokmf @frlc Bkttkd gucrfm cobacoëtnifs5 kjcoës0 Znlrc Anbkmîs, Ydcnrg ^usscg, Onluca Yktumc y Jfitfr Mcasfm cmikrmkrfm Mcasfm cmikrmkrfm umk cxicacmtc rcprcscmtkinùm rcprcscmtkinùm jca ocjnf frncmtc. Kmïbka Lkrsd…  Lkrsd…  93

Igr.0^kmcs, Fsikr. Jcofirktnzkr ak Zcacvnsnùm.

dttp0//acycmjksjcarnml.lkacfm.ifo/kgninfmcs;8:;:74.dtoa 

>9

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Ydcnrg ^usscg. ;>7: kprfx.   

Gftf : 2 ; .

Onluca Yktumc ikstnlk ka ifmtrnmikmtc. ;>7:, kprfx.   (Gftf :/2/2).

>:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jc Cspkûk vnmf um ùptnof lrupf. Icasf Yftcaf, umf jc afs cxpfmcmtcs jc ak bucmk auidk anbrc quc cm csc pkïs sc jkbk. Guc ca prnocr auidkjfr ifm pcaf pnmtkjf jc kokrnaaf, quc kituù cm ca cmsflkjf vcmczfakmf. Ka tncopf tncopf affe.   Ak pftcmink y kbkmjfmù tka affe. prcinsnùm jc sus ofvnoncmtfs jc klrcsnvnjkj rcsuatkbkm noprcsnfmkmtcs. noprcsnfmkmtcs.  

Icasf Yftcaf. (Gftf :/2/9).

Ca Afbf jc Lkanink (quncm subïk ka rnml ifm um fbcjncmtc pcrrf) cs jc lrktk rcifrjkinùm. Lukmidc Ikmkrnf guc gfronjkbac pcackjfr.  Afbf jc Krklùm, Iniaùm Ofrkacs, Xfaaf Rkvcaf, Pïmlkrf, Zcnjc Ftrfs0 Afbf Ftrfs0 Ikmkrnf…  Rcy jcrcifrjkr ak Ikbczkjk, Jc Xfrtulka @fkf Cxicacmtc. Ynavcnrk. Ca Aflrf ac jciïkm. Ocjïk iksn jfs jfsaaclù octrfs. rcifrjkr tkobnîm k @fkf @fkf Bcmgnik, Jnfmnsnf Ikokidf… Ikokidf…

>3

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

@fkf Ynavcnrk.  (Gftf :/2/3).

Afbf jc Lkanink. (Gftf :/2/:). 

Lukmidc Ikmkrnf (Gftf :/2/7).  

>7

@fkf Bcmgnik 

(Gftf :/3/79, kprfx. (Gftf :/9/;).

><

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Zîmlksc cm iucmtk quc cm csfs kûfs ‖:8 y ‖38 ak nmonlrkinùm jc Ntkank k Wcmczucak guc cmfroc. cmfroc. Jc dcidf, ouidf oës jc trcsincmtfs trcsincmt fs ona inujkjkmfs jc csc qucrnjf pkïs curfpcf sc nmstkakrfm k af akrlf y  kmidf jca sucaf vcmczfakm vcmczfakmf. f. Mf dky jujk quc cstc gcmùocmf sfinka, kumkjf k ak sn snopktïk opktïk pcrsfmka jca lrkm Bcrmkrjnmf Ak Okrik (;>27-288>)97, lcmcrù ca cmfroc ikrnûf pfpuakr k cstc auidkjfr ntkankmf (mkinjf cm ak rclnùm jc Kbruzzf). Iukmjf Xcpc Xcjrfzk af kmuminkbk sfaïk jcinr0 ‑Bcrmkrjnmf Ak Okrikkkkkkk, ntkankmf… ntkankmf… ¡jc Wcmczucak!‟, lcmcrkmjf ksï cm ak kgninùm quc ksnstïk ka Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs f ka Mucvf Inrif, um rftumjf kpakusf jc kgcitf kgcitf y kscmtnonc kscmtnoncmtf. mtf. Yus ifmtumjcmtcs ifmtumjcmtcs lfapcs jc kmtcbrkzf y su gkofsk aakvc ‑ca ikmlrc`f‟ ifmgfrokbkm ifmgfrokbkm su krokocmtf gumjkocmtka sfbrc ca iukjrnaëtcrf. iukjrnaëtcrf. Bcrmkrjnmf Ak Okrik guc, pucs, ca auidkjfr ntkankmf oës qucrnjf cm ak dnstfrnk jc ak auidk anbrc cm Wcmczucak. Cs quc vnmncrfm jc ak pcmïmsuak ntëanik, kutîmtnifs ifafsfs jc ak auidk anbrc a nbrc nmtcrmkinfmka. Dky quc trkcr k ifakinùm jc okmcrk cspcinka k Okrnf Buaggfmc.ofGuc um cm pkmirkinkstk jcstkikjïsn jcstkikjïsnof tkmtf Wcmczucak ifof cm aks krcmks cstkjfumnjcmscs cstkjfumnj cmscs y kustrkankmks. kustrkankmks. Cm cstks ðatnoks sc ac ifmfinù ifof Okrnf Onakmf. (Gftf :/9/2). 

97

  Igr.0 dttp0//www.gkicbffe.ifo/tfpni.pdp6unj?22::>9>>993&tfpni?4

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

WÙONZF YFBRC CA CMYFLKJF…  Wnttfrnf Rfokmf, quc okriù îpfikumk pfr tîimnik sus kirfbkinks. Kjcoësftrf jc auidkjfr îstks, Rfokmf jcskrrfaaù dnstrnùmnik rckaocmtc nopkitkmtc5 `koës pucstk cm prëitnik pfr rnml.   Yï. Ca onsoïsnof auidkjfr kalumf. kalumf. Yc trktù jca vùontf cm cm ca rnml. vùontf. Iukmjf sc vcïk cm kpurfs pfr ak kiinùm jc kalumk aakvc kpanikjk cm su ifmtrk (sfbrc tfjf, kqucaaks quc nopanikbkm prcsnùm, gucrzk, sfbrc su duokmnjkj), pucs kpcakbk k vfontkr ifpnfskocmtc. ifpnfskocmtc . Rciucrjf quc sus ifmtrnmikmtcs, ka vnvnr kqucaaf tkm lrftcsif, sc jcscstkbnanzkbkm, pcrontnîmjfac ka ntkankmf tfokr tfokr vcmtk`ks vcmtk`ks y cmtfmics dkicr lkak jc sus vcrsëtnacs rciursfs jc klrcsnùm. Guc Jrklùm Idnmf ca Idnmf ca ðmnif quc jcspaclù umk ifmtrk-cstrktclnk kmtc tkm cxiîmtrnik (y okafancmtc) okafanc krok. Cstc ofmstruf ofmstr uf pcqunmîs, vkmnokbk cr quc Wnttfrnf vfontkbk ifmmtc) rcpulmkmtc rntof jc iktkrktk, pucs ka scvcr kðm oës cm su snmncstrk pfaïtnik, jkjf quc ac lkrkmtnzkbk, pfr um akjf, quc ca ntkankmf auincrk jcbnantkjf, y pfr ftrf akjf, quc ca pkpca jc iruca sc pftcminkrk.

OËY ASIDKJFRCY NZËANIFY… NZËANIFY…   ^k dc rcgcrnjf rcgcrnjf ifm kalðm kalðm jctkaac ka lrkm Brumf Ykmokrtnmf… Ykmokrtnmf… Zkobnîm k Rfiik. Jc Ikrmcrk, dnic umk kausnùm, ifopkrtnrcofs ifopkrtnrco jcbnjkocmtc ak cvfikinùm k cstc lnlkmtc ntkankmf pcrf jca pulnansof, um fs tkmtf oës jcakmtc jc cstc onsof anbrf… anbrf…  Ftrf ntkankmf0 Yuatëm Cquns. Zkobnîm cs jc lrktk rrcifrjkinùm. cifrjkinùm. Yu ktucmjf crk um tkmtf inricmsc. inricmsc . Yu oësikrk cstkbk kjdcrnjk tftkaocmtc tftkaocm tc k ak caëstnik rfpk quc af iubrïk tftkaocmtc. Yu ikrctk, pfr af tkmtf, rcsuatkbk nmkofvnbac cm iukaquncrk kiinùm. Rfiif Ypnmcaan, ftrf ftrf ikbkaacrf jc ak auidk anbrc. K prnminpnfs jc afs afs ‖78 sc njcmtngniù ifm su prfpnf mfobrc5 k afs kûfs sc dnzf aakokr Ca Lfrnak. Rciucrjf quc - `umtf k on pkjrc y ka gïsnif-iuaturnstk Mnefakn

>>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Lfafvef-, sfaïk nr ka lnomksnf quc îa ’Rfiif- jnrnlïk9, kpkrcic ifm su ikrk ‑ka knrc‟.  knrc‟.  Zfmy Lkrnbkajn guc ftrf ifobktncmtc jc prnocrk iktclfrïk94. Afs knrcs crk ca tcrrcmf jfmjc jfonmkbk. Cxdnbnù ca oës katf tkacmtf kirfbëtnif y fgcmsnvf. Dubf tkobnîm um auidkjfr a uidkjfr ouy qucrnjf pfr pfr ak kgninùm. Yu mfobrc mfobrc jc lucrrk crk Ca Rfokmf. Rciucrjf quc on pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms Zrcocms, , oc dnzf skbcr quc cstc `fvcm pcackjfr dkbïk gkaacinjf tcoprkmkocmtc y jc okmcrk trëlnik. Ak lcmtc lcmtc af rcifmfiïk rcifmfiïk ifof ntkankmf, kumquc pfr kdï jciïkm quc crk krlcmtnmf…  krlcmtnmf…  (Gftf :/9/9).

CA ACLCMJKRNF XRNOF IKRMCRK ASIDK CM YSCAF WCMCPFAKMF…   ^k dnic rcgcrcminks rcgcrcminks (kumquc (kumquc nmninkacs) jc afs lrkm lrkmjcs jcs ikopcfmcs ikopcfmcs oumjnkacs Kmtfmnmf Rfiik y Brumf Ykmokrtnmf, lcmckaùlnikocmtc lcmckaùlnikocmtc tkm ifmsustkminkjfs ifmsustkminkjfs ifm Ntkank… Kd, pcrf kðm mf dc dcidf ocminùm ocminùm sugnincmtc jca ntkankmf quc fstcmtù oës snlmngniktnvkocmtc snlmngniktnvkocmtc ak ifrfmk 9<

 Lnoksnf Octrfpfantkmf, cm ak ikrkqucûk Kvcmnjk Onrkmjk.

94

 Cm ak prnocrk gftf jc cstc Ikpïtuaf, kpkrcic ifrjnkanzkmjf ifm Bcrmkrjnmf.

;88

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  oumjnka jc afs pcsfs pcskjfs jca bfxcf, y quc kituù cm ca pkmirkinf vcmczfakmf pfr pfr iksn um kûf. Yc trktk jca lrkm Xrnof Ikrmcrk. Ifof yk sc scûkaù kmtcs (cm um pnc jc pëlnmk), Xrnof Ikrmcrk mkinù cm cm ;>87. Gkaacic cm cm ;>7) onjc o njc ‑ak bnifik‟ jc 2.;9 o.! Ikrmcrk cs umk vcrjkjcrk acycmjk cm ca oumjf jca pulnansof9>. Mkinù pfbrc5 ouy pfbrc. Iukmjf `fvcm `fvcm guc ikptkjf pfr um inrif ca pakm jc dkicr jc su cmfroc cstkturk, um ktrkitnvf pfpuakr (y, pfr af tkmtf, jc tkqunaak).  ^k k sus vcnmtnjùs kûfs cmgrcmtk prfgcsnfmkaocmtc ’ifm îxntf- k Acùm Ycbnaf, cm Xkrïs. Auclf pksù k Kacokmnk ifscidkmjf oës trnumgfs quc rcvcscs. rcvcscs. K prnminpnfs jc afs ‖98 ‖98 sc vk k afs CC. SS. jfmjc af cspcrk um jnauvnf jc vnitfrnks bfxïstniks, jc jcsjnidks gnmkmincrks,

Gftf : 9 : .

 

jc okmnpuakinfmcs su ifmtrk, cxpkmsnvk gkok…cmAflrù cxpkmsnvk ca ikopcfmktf oumjnka jca pcsf pcskjf cm ;>99 mfquckmjf k su fpfmcmtc, su fpfmcmtc, ca cstkjfumnjcmsc @kie Ydkrecy. Mf pfifs ifocmtkrnstks jc bfxcf sfstncmcm quc Ikrmcrk tcmïk um cstnaf tfsif y tfrpc. [uc lkmkbk jkjf su cmfroc tkokûf. Ftrfs cm ikobnf sfm jca irntcrnf quc cstc bfxckjfr cxdnbïk katfs jftcs tîimnifs. [unzë aks pcacks pcacks quc sfstuvf ifm Ytrnbanml, Ytrnbanml, ifm Jncmcr, f ifm ca onsof onsof Ydkrecy, jcoucstrcm af ðatnof.

9>

  Igr.0 dttp0//www.bnflrkgnks.cs/gkofsfs/prnof-ikrmcrk.dtoa  

;8;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Ikrmcrk sncoprc okmngcstù oftnvkinùm oftnvkinùm pfr dkicr vnjk bfxïstnik cm Koîrnik jca Yur. Cm afs ‖98 pcacù pcacù cm Brksna, Krlcmtnmk Krlcmtnmk y Sruluky.  Sruluky.  Jc rclrcsf k afs CC. SS., yk bncm kmjkjfs afs kûfs ‖:8 y cmifmtrëmjfsc cm prcikrnf cstkjf jc skauj, jcinjnù octcrsc cm ca oumjf jc ak auidk anbrc. anbrc. Fbtncmc kalumk gnlurkinùm. Cm ;>7:, kprfxnokjkocmtc, kprfxnokjkocm tc, vncmc k Wcmczucak. Crk ak îpfik jc frf jc ak coprcsk ‑Ifrpcs‟, jca Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs  Jcpfrtcs y jca vnmf ‑Ikstca ‑Ikstca Lkmjfagf‟   Kmtc ak cxpcitktnvk jc ak aaclkjk jca lrkm Xrnof Ikrmcrk k Lkmjfagf‟ Ikrkiks, ak nmtcrmkinfmkaïsnok nmtcrmkinfmkaïsnok trfupc kaaï kscmtkjk, kbrnù su kgcitf. Sm kgcitf quc guc ifrrcspfmjnjf ifm prfgumjk duokmnjkj, duokmnjkj, pfr ca lnlkmtùm ntkankmf. Jcsjc sus pknskmfs Ak Okrik y Lkrnbkajn L krnbkajn dkstk afs prfpnfs vcmczfakmfs, vcmczfakmf s, pkskmjf snm cxicpinùm pfr ak cxtcmsk lkok jc lcmtnaninfs, okmngcstkrfm ka ‑ikopcùm jc sncoprc‟ ’ifof ’ifof tfjfs sfaïkm rcifmficraf-, rcifmficraf-, su cmfroc vkafrkinùm vkafrkinùm y su lrkm lrkm ikrnûf. Ikrmcrk mf jc`ù pfr gucrk, lcstf kalumf jc bfmdfoïk. Yncoprc sfmrcïjf5 sncoprc ifm bucm duofr5 sncoprc jnspucstf k ifmvcrskr i fmvcrskr y ksï ifmtkr ona y umk dnstfrnks… Yus vnitfrnks5 aks aks jcrrftks sugrnjks sugrnjks (sfbrc tfjf, tfjf, cm afs puûfs jc Okx Bkcr y jc @fc Afuns)5 aks vninsntujcs vnvnjks pfr aks okgnks5 su pkrtninpkinùm cm ca inmc5 su gkonank… Zrcocms, `umtf k afs Rciucrjf quc on pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms, pknskmfs jca lnlkmtc ntkankmf, sfaïkm frlkmnzkr umks lnrks jc :8. trfupc, cmtrctcmnoncmtf bucmkjcpkrtc jc ak trfupc , aks iukacs tcmïkm ifof jcstnmf afspkrk kacjkûfs Afs Zcqucs

Yï5 cm cgcitf. Yfaïkofs nr k csks grcsiks zfmks vcmczfakmks cm pakm jc jclustkr ca vnmf ‑Ikstca Lkmjfagf‟. Lkmjfagf‟. Mf fbstkmtc su yk jciakrkjk jnkbctcs, Ikrmcrk ifopkrtïk ifm lfzf, aks bucmks pfrinfmcs jc ak bcbnjk cspnrntufsk.

:8

  Afs Zcqucs cs umkKitukaocmtc inujkj vcinmk k Ikrkiks. Ikpntka jca C Cstkjf stkjf Onrkmjk (prfvnmink). pfjrïk ifmtkr ifm :38.888 dkbntkmtcs

;82

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  trfupc,, ca jc okyfr cstkturk gïsnik crk Lakjnkjfr Jcmtrf jc ak trfupc Irfktk. Ocjïk kalf ksï ifof ;,>8 o. Yfaïkofs brfockr ifm ak ifopkrkinùm quc ifm Ikrmcrk, dkiïkofs jc cstc auidkjfr vcmnjf k Wcmczucak,, jcsjc ak cmtfmics ^ulfsakvnk. ¡Iùof vcïkofs jc Wcmczucak Irfktk! ‑jnsonmunjf‟ k mucstrf Lakjnkjfr Irfktk!

Lakjnkjfr Irfktk y Xrnof Ikrmcrk, ifopkrkm ifopkrkm aks cmfrocs) cstkturks. Afs Zcqucs, Wcmczucak. ;>79 kprfx. (Gftf :/9/3). 

;89

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

:.:.- FZRFY XKÏYCY CM ISKJRNAËZCRFY WCMCPFAKMFY 

Ifof dc kpumtkjf, Lakjnkjfr Irfktk guc um auidkjfr ouy tkacmtfsf quc mfs vnsntù cm cm ak sclumjk îpfik. Yu aakvc, ‑ak lunaaftnmk‟, okriù ducaak. ducaak. Rciucrjf quc cm fiksnfmcs, aucl auclff jc jc`kr k su ifmtrnmikmtc tcmjnjf sfbrc ca rnml  k  k pumtk jc ak kpanikinùm jc ak rcgcrnjk aakvc, y cstkmjf Lakjnkjfr yk iùofjkocmtc cm su ikocrnmf cm afs fgninfs jc ikobnf jc rfpk, sc pakmtckbk ak mcicsnjkj jc sfanintkrac quc rctfrmkrk ka iukjrnaëtcrf cm pakm jc rcvcrt rcvcrtnr nr ak kiinùm jfafrfsk c nmofvnanzkmtc nmofvnanzkmtc nmgrnmlnj nmgrnmlnjkk pfr tkm actka aakvc. aakvc. Ynm cmf`f ca lnlkmtc auidkjfr jc Irfkink ifafikbk su pkr jc okmfs sfbrc ca iucaaf jca okatrcidf5 ac kpanikbk sclunjkocmtc um rëpnjf ofvnoncmtf ’ ifof jc prcstnjnlntkinùmprcstnjnlntkinù m-,, y… ¡prfbacok rcsucatf! Yc rciupcrkbk ksï ca nmjnvnjuf. Kum sncmjf sncmjf rujfs rujfs afs usukacs usukacs ifobktncmtcs, ca duonajc y bfmjkjfsf bfmjkjfsf pðbanif sncoprc cxprcskbk umk sfanjkrnk jcsikrlk jc tcmsnùm ka vcrafs gnmkaocmtc anbcrkjfs jc ak onstcrnfsk Irfktk.  ‑lunaaftnmk‟ jca lrkm Lakjnkjfr lrkm Lakjnkjfr Irfktk.  Ca Ifskif Afif guc umf jc afs rujfs oës cxtrcofs quc mfs vnsntù cm csk îpfik jc jc frf jc ak auidk anbrc. anbrc. Crk jc afs pkïscs pkïscs csakvfs, mfrtc jc Curfpk. Iukmjf af vï auidkr oc dnzf rcifrjkr cm lrkjf suof ka lrkm Nvëm Xfpfvnid0 ca ofmstruf quc nmjnlmù ka tfjf ca pðbanif jc aks trkjninfmkacs trkjninfmkacs krcmks bflftkmks. Xrcscminî kaaï, cm ;>79, su rujïsnof trkbk`f. trkbk`f. Oc ktrcvf k ifmgcskr ifmgcskr quc sncoprc prfgcsî ifmgusnùm ifmgusnùm ka rcspcitf. Mf sî sn umf y ftrf mfobrc, mfobrc, ifrrcspfmjïkm ifrrcspfmjï km ka onsof onsof auidkjfr… auidkjfr… Mf sî. Jc csks onsoks tncrrks ’kumquc auclf sc dnzf cstkjfumnjcmsc-, vnofs kquï cm Ikrkiks ka rujf Ekra vfm Dcss. Ftrf rujf cxtrcof0 Fsf Lrnclf. Cm ca jcskrrfaaf jc sus prëitniks rujks, mf pfiks pfiks vcics pcrjïk aakk ikbczk y klftkbk klftkbk afs aïontcs. Dky quc intkr tkobnîm ka tcrrnbac Nvëm Rnzuttf.

;8:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Mnefs Xctrfv guc ftrf pcackjfr jc katf rcmjnoncmtf, ca iuka cm umk fiksnùm fi ksnùm mfs vnsntù auclf jc umk cxntfsk lnrk cm aks ‑Krcmks jc Ykmtk Okrïk‟, jc Bflftë.  Bflftë.  [uncrf klrclkr umk nmgfrokinùm ccm m cstc Ikpïtuaf. Cstk nmgfrokinùm tncmc quc vcr ifm ca iðouaf jc gftfs g ftfs jc auidkjfrcs prfgcsnfmkacs, ca iuka oc dkaaî cm afs kmtcs rcgcrnjfs okactnmcs jc on pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms. Zrcocms. Auidkjfrcs quc dkiïkm vnjk gucrk jc Wcmczucak. Akocmtkbacocmtc Akocmtkbacoc mtc ak okyfrïk jc cstks gftflrkgïks, ikrcic jc jktfs njcmtngniktfrnfs5 af quc jngniuatk on csgucrzf pcrsfmka jc burakr ons prfpnfs kûfs jc jcslkstc, cm ak pcrtnmcmtc akbfr jc prcinskr ifm kincrtf. Kalumks, mf fbstkmtc, fbstkmtc, sï prcscmtkm prcscmtkm kalðm bfrrfsf bfrrfsf jktf. Nmtcrprctf quc sc trktk jc noëlcmcs quc afs jnstnmtfs pkmirkinkstks prcscmtkbkm k on vnc`f, cm pakm jc quc îa dnincrk kjciukjkocmtc ca trkbk`f jc pfstuakinùm kmtc aks coprcsks auidïstniks vcmczfakmks, pkrk cgcitfs cgcitfs jc ifmtrktkinùm. ifmtrktkinùm. Bucmf, kquï oucstrf oucstrf afs mfobrcs5 cm kalumfs iksfs, iksfs, tkobnîm ak akss mkinfmkanjkjcs. mkinfmkanjkjcs. (Klrclf quc quc prfbkbacocmtc kpkrczik kpkrczik cm ca anstkjf, umf quc ftrf quc cm cgcitf dkyk snjf ifmtrktkjf y cm ifmsciucmink, dkyk kitukjf cm ca cmsflkjf vcmczfakmf). Xkmkocûf, @fsî Krrfyf, \nabur Onluca Ycnekr (anbkmîs), Znburùm Xkmkocûf, Bakmif, @no Fanvcr (cspkûfa), Ca Ymyjcr (cstkjfumnjcmsc), Zfrbcaanmf Bakmif, ^kqun , Rujy Xkaok, @crry Afmjfm , Okrnf Jc Yfuzk (brksnacûf), Afu Ksturnkmf, Lfajcm Bfy, Nvëm Ca cxùtnif… Zdcsz, Lakjnkjfr Ksturnkmf, Acs \caid, Jcofmnf Mclrf (luktcokatcif) (luktcokatcif),, Wnicmtc Wni cmtc @knoc Jfocttn Gfx, Oësikrk Mclrk, Mclrk, Idkracs Rffa, Ca (krlcmtnmf), Kaï Bumkmn, Ynavcr Gfx, Ykmtkiruicûf (jc aks Nsaks Ikmkrnks, Cspkûk), Jnfmnsnf Ikokidf, Ofmsffm, Acm Rfssn, Bfbf Brkzna, Brkzna, Ca Caïks @fen, Bfb Frtfm, Lfrnaak Ofmsffm, Xklkmf (ntkankmf), Ikrafs Ocmjfzk…  Ocmjfzk…   K`kx, Jfm Ykbf,  K`kx, Ykbf, Kacaan  (cspkûfa),   (cspkûfa), Xrïminpc Lntkmf (idnacmf), Bkrrkbës Sanscs, Rujn Xkaok, Zkrks Buabk, Bujy Rflcrs, (krlcmtnmf), Lrkm Sanscs, Xkaok, Zkrks Buabk, Rfmmnc Ctidnsfm, Xcpc Lùocz (cspkûfa), Fsikr Aklf (krlcmtnmf), Ifafobnk, \kajf vfm Crnid Crnid (cstkjfumnjcmsc), (cstkjfumnjcmsc), Ifwbfy, @klukr jc Ifafobnk, Dîriuacs Brksnacrf

;83

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

(Gftf .ifaaklc- 3/;).

;87

 

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

  3

AK ASIDK ANBRC YC XKRCIC K AK WNJK RCKA

;8<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Ak auidk anbrc cs csc buaaninfsf oumjf jca ifobktc iucrpf k iucrpf, cmiakvkjf cm umk cxtrkûk octkgïsnik cm ak iuka

ifopkrtc iukjrnaëtcrf, ak uatrktuobk, ak skmtnjkj, ca inrif, ak kirfbkink, ak gkumk, ak vnfacmink, ca lcmtnaninf y ak gkmtksïk. Mf sùaf cs ca ifobktc, ca pulnaktf5 mf. Xkrk csf cstë ak ofjkanjkj faïopnik jc ak auidk, f ca bfxcf, ca tkcewfmjf, ca ekrktc, cm gnm. Ak lcmtc quc vk vk k aks krcmks (f vc ak tcacvnsnùm f ca inmc) k jnsgrutkr cstc cspcitëiuaf, busik vnvnr kjcoës aks vninsntujcs jc af nrrcka. Jc af nrrcka ifm jc acmtc`ucaks5 af nrrcka cm tîronmfs vfatcrctksjc ifrpfrkacs y ouciks gkinkacs gkinkacs jc ona ikprnidfs… Jc af nrrcka cmiubncrtf cm oësikrk pftcminkjfrk jc su ifmsustkminkjf onstcrnf. Cs quc ak auidk anbrc cs csf. Yus kscs sfm aks pnczks jc csc oumjf jc Jkmtc, jc Ekgek Ekgek f jc Jkaï. Yfm afs ïjfafs jca bncm f afs ïjfafs jca oka. Yfm krtnstks jc ak cxtrkûk jnocmsnùm jca kbsurjf.:;  Ak auidk sc pkrcic ouidf k ak vnjk rcka5 k af oc`fr pfr csf scrë quc ca anbrctf quc cm sus cmtrkûks dkic vnjk, cstë ifmlcak ifmlcakjf jf y vnvf. Xkrkanzkjf cm af gfroka jca krluocmtf5 dnpcrkitnvf cm su dcrokmjkj dcrokmjkj ifm ak pcrrk vnjk (quc, kum ksï, ¡iùof mfs lustk!).

:;

Ak Auidk Anbrc cm Wcmczucak. Ouscf jc  Ofrcmf, Kacxkmjcr. Bkrqunsnoctf. Wcmczucak, ;>>>.

;84

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

KICRIK JC AK CTXFYNINÙM ‑AK ASIDK AK  AK   DKICOFY ZFJFY‟ OÎTNIF, ;>>2)… 

Iubncrtk jca iktëaflf jc ak Cxpfsninùm. Oîxnif, ;>>;. (Noklcm 3/2). 

Cs jngïina quc um `uclf tcktrka pucjk pcrjurkr pcrjurkr cm ca tncopf, bk`f ca onsof jnscûf krluocmtka. krluocmtka. Xucs sï. Cm ak ak auidk auidk anbrc anbrc ca lunùm lunùm cstë cstë nmtkitf5 y, kum ksï ksï vnvc. Yn bncm cs incrtf quc cm Wcmczucak Wcmczucak sc guc, mf mf sfm pfifs afs pkïscs cm afs iukacs cstc cspcitëiuaf cstë vnvf y ifackmjf. Mf dky oc`fr c`copaf quc Oîxnif. Iukmjf pfr iksukanjkj supc, cm jnincobrc jc ;>>;, quc cm ca ‑Ouscf Mkinfmka jc Iuaturks Xfpuakrcs‟ jc on qucrnjk Inujkj jc Oîxnif cstkbk sncmjf ofmtkjk umk cxpfsninùm sfbrc ca tcok jc ak auidk anbrc quc oc tfiù vnvnr jc icrik, pucs, ¡`ðrfac! pucs, ¡`ðrfac!  ’ifof sucacm kaaë jcinr- quc oc gun dkink csk inujkj, cm pakm jc tcmcr ak cxpcrncmink. Zuvc quc

;8>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Zrcocms, usù cm vcmjcr ca vnc`f ikrrf quc on pkjrc, ca lrkm Rujf Zrcocms, Ikrkiks Ikrk iks k af akrlf jc tfjk ak jîikjk jc afs ‖38. Wcmjï mucstrf Dcmry  @ftk,, ifafr vcrjc. Yfatî  @ftk Yfatî,, ifof jciïk ca Zrïf Oktkofrfs,  ak ouactk y ca Oktkofrfs, ak bkstùm, y oc gun k bknakr ca sfm cm ca onsoïsnof Oîxnif. Ak cxpfsninùm guc jcmfonmkjk ‑Ak Auidk ak Dkicofs Zfjfs‟. Kaaë cstuvc… Jnsgrutî kskz csc grutf jca csgucrzf nmstntuinfmka jca Ouscf Mkinfmka jc Iuaturks Xfpuakrcs. Auns Lkrzk Lkrzk Kac`kmjrf, Kac`kmjrf, quncm k ak skzùm fstcmtkbk um ikrlf lcrcminka cm ca cvcmtf, kscmtù0 (Ak auidk anbrc ocxnikmk cs um) kifmtcinoncmtf ikpkz jc ifmvfikr k onaafmcs jc cspcitkjfrcs quc jcsbfrjkm scokmkaocmtc aks ;4< krcmks jc mucstrf pkïs, quc snm ifmtkr aks pakzks oës cvcmtukacs, lcmcrkm kmukaocmtc jc >2.  

;;8

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  auidk sck ifof umk umk cspfm`k cm su rcakinùm rcakinùm ifm ak rckanjkj. rckanjkj. K ak fbvnk ifmgrfmtkinùm ifmgrfmtkinùm cmtrc ca oka y ca bncm, dky quc suokrac, pfr af ocmfs, jfs kspcitfs. kspcitfs. Smf cs cs ca ikrmkvka. Ftrf cs ak j jcbnanjkj cbnanjkj jc sus mfroks. mfroks. Ikrmkvka Ikrmkvka y jcbnanjkj jcbnanjkj mfroktnvk. mfroktnvk.

XKMIRKINF CY IKRMKWKA ^ RCGAC@F JC AK JCBNANJKJ MFROKZNWK [SC DK^ CM AK YFINCJKJ  Ca ikrmkvka cs ak gucrzk ‑nmstntuinfmka‟ quc ac jk k ak auidk anbrc, pfr um akjf, su ikpkinjkj jc mclkr ak rckanjkj duokmk (sus grustrkinfmcs, sus trnstczks), y pfr ftrf akjf, su gfrtkaczk jc jcstkpkr tfjfs kqucaafs lnrfs noklnmktnvfs quc rcprcscmtcm vnfacmink y gkmtksïk. Dky quc tcmcr cm iucmtk quc sn cxnstc kalumk ‑nmstntuinùm‟ quc ‑nmstntuinùm‟  quc trksincmjc cm ca tncopf y cm aks jnvcrsks

Ca rîgcrn tucric ca brkzf jca auidkjfr cmoksikrkjf, jcgcmjnîmjfsc jca puûctkzf ka cstùoklf rcinîm prfpnmkjf pfr îstc. (Gftf 3/9). 

iuaturks, îsk cs ca ikrmkvka. Ikrmkvka, mf sùaf cs Brksna u Frurf (Bfanvnk)5 cs Ksnk5 cs Curfpk5 cs ca pakmctk vcnmtntrîs jc ak lkakxnk S->. Ca cspcitëiuaf jc ak auidk anbrc dcrcjk dcrcjk jca ikrmkvka, ikrmkvka, su ikpkinjkj jc trksicmjcr tncopfs y cspkinfs. Wckofs ca ksumtf jc ak jcbnanjkj mfroktnvk. Afs pfbrcs rîgcrns rîgcrns cstëm ‑fbanlkjfs‟ k dkicr rcspctkr umks rclaks tkm rkquïtniks y  caëstniks quc ca kauvnùm quc afs auidkjfrcs jcskrrfaakm, prëitnikocmtc afs ifmjcmkm k scr umfs guminfmkrnfs guminfmkrnfs oës gfrokacs g frokacs quc cgcitnvfs. Csf snm ifmtkr quc quc mf pfifs jc cstfs cstfs ‑vcakjfrcs‟ ‑vcakjfrcs‟ jc aks bucmks ifstuobrcs sfbrc ca rnml , rcsuatkm scr umfs vcrjkjcrfs

;;;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  snmvcrlñcmzks. snmvcrlñcmzk s. Afs ërbntrfs, ksï, sfm umk suc sucrtc rtc jc Cstkj Cstkjfs fs gkaanjfs, jc pfaniïks trfikjfs cm jcanmiucmtcs, jc trnbumkacs quc vcmjcm dkstk k sus okoës5 cm tkmtf quc bucmk pkrtc jc afs auidkjfrcs, cm ca kgëm nmusntkjf jc lkmkr, sfm umk sucrtc jc ‑Ikobkakidc‟:90 Rcvfaik„fs cm um ocrcmluc5 y cm um onsof afjf, tfjf okmfsck„fs… 

:9

 Ifof sc skbc, ‑Ikobkakidc‟ cs um gkofsf tkmlf jca okcstrf

krlcmtnmf Cmrnquc Ykmtfs Jnsiîpfaf. Zka pnczk sc jnf k ifmficr cm ;>9:.

;;2

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

;;9

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Ca lnlkmtc auidkjfr Xrnof Ikrmcrk y Kagfmsntf, su scifmj oucstrkm ca ifmtrkstc jc cstkturks. Ikrkiks5 ;>7:, kprfx. (Gftf 7.;).

;;:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

  7

ISRNFYNJKJCY ISRNFYNJ KJCY YFBRC YFBR C CA RNML. ZNXY

;;3

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

7.;.- AKY CYZKZSRKY JC AFY LAKJNKJFRCY…  LAKJNKJFRCY…  Ca auidkjfr oës katf quc vnmf k Wcmczucak  Wcmczucak  guc, snm jujk, ca lrkm Xrnof Ikrmcrk. Ftrfs jc cmfroc cstkturk0 Okrnf Buaggfmc, Lakjnkjfr Irfktk, Brumf Ykmokrtnmf…  Jcmtrf jc afs jc oës bk`k cstkturk, gnlurkm0 Lrkm @kifbf, Znlrntf jca Rnml, @ujf Zkekmkek, Anml Yuml, Ca Zfrturkjfrintf…  Jkjf af lnlkmtc jc Xrnof Ikrmcrk, k afs coprcskrnfs jc ‑Ifrpcs‟ sc acs fiurrnù ifafikrac ifof scifmj, ifof  scifmj, k Kagfmsntf, cm pakm jc rcskatkr afs ifmtrkstcs.  ifmtrkstcs.  Ikrmcrk ifm 2 o. y Kagfmsntf y Kagfmsntf ifm ;.24 o.  o.  Cm iukmtf k Oîxnif, pucjf jcinr quc cm k gnmkacs jc afs ‖78 y cm tfjfs afs ‖:8, cm afs a fs CC. SS., skanù k ak pkacstrk umf quc cstnakbk csfs kokmcrkoncmtfs. Yc ac ifmfinù ifof Lfrlcfus Lcfrlc5 rnml.   tkobnîm ifof Ca ifof Ca oklmïgnif. Sm vcrjkjcrf sdfw vcrjkjcrf sdfw sfbrc ca rnml. Zkobnîm sc ifmfinù um tkmtf oës tkrjc, k Grcmid-Okm… um grkmiîs jc affe y lcstfs prfpnfs jc qunmickûcrk. Cm afs ‖32), sc pujf vcr k cstc rfskjf auidkjfr, Bcaaf Edkangk,, cmgrcmtëmjfsc k um nopfstfr jca sðpcr-dîrfc Edkangk cpùmnof jc ak inmtk. Ka pfbrc pfbrc Durkiëm afs vnaakmfs dkbïkm  `ulkjf umk ikmkaakjk prnvëmjfac, prnvëmjfac, ksï, ak pfsnbnanjkj jc subnr ka iukjrnaëtcrf y guaonmkr ka rkrf pcrsfmk`c quc mfs fiupk. Guc cstc pcackjfr, ca prnocrf quc tfiù vcr k afs  `ùvcmcs gkmëtnifs gkmëtnifs jc ak auidk anbrc jc nmninfs jc af afss ‖38, ifof onantkmtc jc umk tnpfaflïk ikrkitcrnzkjk pfr iukaquncr ikrkitcrïstnik jnstnmtk k ak iakrk vnrnanjkj. Bcaaf Edkangk lustkbk subnr ka rnml ifm um pcnmc cm ak okmf dkincmjf gnlurntks ifm su akink ikbcaacrk, ka tncopf cm ca iuka su kokmucmsc (tkobnîm ouy kokmcrkjf) rfinkbk tfjk su duokmnjkj, k pumtk jc pcrguocs juazfmcs quc iumjïkm snjc.  tkmtf ca cmsflkjf ifof ca onsof rnml snjc.  Mf af vnofs cm afs iukjrnaëtcrfs vcmczfakmfs, pcrf sï cm aks pkmtkaaks jc afs afs inmcs pfpuakrcs jc jc tfjf ca pkïs. ^k cm afs ‖.- AKY IAËYNIKY KRCMKY WCMCPFAKMKY JC AKY XCACKY

Mf dky jujk quc ca cmtfrmf cjngnikjf cm ocjnf jca iuka sc csicmngnikrfm aks aclcmjkrnks pcacks jc ak auidk anbrc vcmczfakmk, k af akrlf jc aks kaujnjks trcs îpfiks, rcprcscmtk um cacocmtf jc katk nopfrtkmink pkrk cmtcmjcr y vkafrkr cstc rkyf jc iuaturk pfpuakr. Dfmrkmjf cstc irntcrnf, oc ktrcvf cmtfmics k trkcr k ifakinùm i fakinùm kalumfs jktfs irfmïstnifs sfbrc afs ifsfs quc kabcrlkrfm tfjf csc okrcoëlmuo jc lrntfs, gkmtksïks, dnstrnfmnsof, kirfbkink, vnfacmink… 

CM IKRKIKY, CA MSCWF INRIF ^ CA XKAKINF JC AFY JCXFRZCY Ca Mucvf Inrif jc Ikrkiks guc nmkulurkjf cm ;>;>, cm pacmk jnitkjurk lfocinstk38. Ak kutfrïk ifmstruitnvk aacvk aks aks rðbrniks jc Kac`kmjrf Idktknml y Auns Ouûfz Ouûfz Zîbkr. Zîbkr. Cm sus sus rucjf rucjfss ac tfiù kkitukr itukr Kac Yëcz. Crkm k tfrcrfs gkofsfs ifof Zfrquntf Ycrkgïm Wnlnfak y Ca Kac Yëcz. Ca kaaï, afs prnocrfs prnocrfs tncopfs. Kac`kmjrf Ynavcttn, Xcpc Rubntf… Rubntf … Ca ouy akurckjf akurckjAuclf0 f ‑oktkjfr‟ ‑oktkjfr ‟ vcmczfakmf Iîskr IîskrIëicrcs, Lnrùm dnzf lkak jc sus tkacmtfs tkacmtfs tkurnm tkurnmfs. fs. Yc rciucrjkm rciucrjkm afs oïtnmcs oïtnmcs prfmuminkjfs cm sus krcmks, pfr pkrtc jc pfaïtnifs jc vnc`k jktk y jc mf tkm vnc`k jktk. Cmtrc afs prnocrfs0 Rùouaf Bctkmifurt, Rùouaf Lkaaclfs,, @ùvntf Wnaakabk, Rkgkca Ikajcrk, Kmjrîs Cafy Bakmif. Cmtrc Lkaaclfs afs sclumjfs0 Zcfjfrf Xctefgg, @fsî Wnicmtc Rkmlca.

38

  Igr.0

dttp0//www.onpumtf.ifo/vcmczucakvnrtuka/tcoks/2jfVtrnocstrc8:/m ucvfVinrif.dtoa 

;24

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Ka ikrkqucûf Xkakinf jc afs Jcpfrtcs J cpfrtcs ac qucjkbk lrkmjc csf jc ‑pkakinf‟.. Cm vcrjkj crk um lkapùm jc ocjnkmks ‑pkakinf‟ ocjnkmks jnocmsnfmcs ubnikjf cm ak Kvcmnjk Kvcmnjk Ykm Okrtïm. Dubf jc scr ifmstrunjf ifmstrunjf k prnminpnfs jc afs Yu vnjk ifof skak skak jc cspcitëiuafs cspcitë guc ifrtk.  Cm ak kabfrkjk jc‖38. afs ‖/;).

Kjvncrtf quc afs nmninfs jc cstc trkjninfmka ifsf mf jcbcm cstkr ouy jnstkmtcs jc afs rcgcrnjfs prnocrfs pksfs pksfs jca jca Mucvf Mucvf Inrif. Inrif. Ca icmtrf jc ak inujkj guc su gulkz ofrkjk. Xfr vïk jc ak bucmk irùmnik jc Iîskr Jkf Ifanmk, oc cmtcrf jc afs kifmtcinoncmtfs jca ifsf vkacminkmf5 nmiausf ak oucrtc cm su rucjf -um ;4 jc `umnf jc ;>:4jca tfrcrf cspkûfa Ëmlca Yfrnk Wcaksif 3;. Ak jcofaninùm quc cm afs 3;

  Igr.0

dttp0//www.mftntkrjc.ifo/pfrtkjks/cjninfmcs/kmnvcr/kmnvcr288:/tfrf s.dtoa 

;2>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ‖/2).

Ak Okcstrkmzk jc Okrkiky tkobnîm tncmc iuûf lfocinstk. Yu Rubntf ka nmkulurkinùm guc ca 28 jc cmcrf jc ;>99, ifm ca tfrcrf Rubntf  ka rucjf. Ak bcaak krquntciturk krquntciturk jc cstk pakzk krklñcûk krklñcûk cs fbrk jca rcifmfinjf okcstrf Ikrafs Rkða Wnaakmucvk32. Cstë ubnikjk cm ca scitfr okrkikycrf ifmfinjf ifof ‑Ikanikm ‑Ikanikmtf‟. tf‟. Dfy cm jïk ca jïk ca mfobrc jc cstc ifsf aacvk umk kjninùm cm dfmfr ka iîacbrc tfrcrf vcmczfakmf Lnrùm. Iîskr Lnrùm39. Xakzk jc Zfrfs Zfrfs Okcstrkmzk Iîskr Lnrùm.

32

  Igr.0

dttp0//www.onpumtf.ifo/vcmczucakvnrtuka/888/882/8;:/88;/8:3.dtoa  

39

  ;>99-;>/9).

Aks Bkrqunsnoctf guc ca Krcmks prnocr jc ksncmtf. Ak ikanjkj ifmstruitnvk jc cstc ifsf akrcmsc guc ouy ofjcstk. Cstkbk ubnikjf cm ca icmtrf jc ak inujkj. Ikrrcrk ;4 cm ak csqunmk jc ak ikaac 27:… Îa tcmïk um tcacvnsfr jfmjc cstkbk jctcmnjf. jctcmnjf. Zcmïk um csirntfrnf lrkmjc y sfbrc îstc, tcmïk ca tcacvnsfr. tcacvnsfr. Kaaï vcïk ak auidk anbrc. Ca kutfr0 ¶^ kutfr0 ¶^ iùof tc trktkrfm afs lukrjnks y pfaniïks jc kaaï6

Jrklùm0 Ouy bncm. Sm pfquntf pfquntf onstcrnfsfs, csf sï. Oc aacvkrfm aacvkrfm ifof pfr vcnmtc onmutfs k um iukrtf jfmjc dkbïk tcaîgfmfs y tfjks csks ifsks, busikmjf pfsnbacocmtc kmtcicjcmtcs jca vnsntkmtc… Yn dkbïk rncslfs pfaïtnifs… Jc kdï pksî k ftrf iukrtf5 crk jc iuktrf octrfs pfr iuktrf octrfs5 kaaï oc tfpî ifm trcs tnpfs pkrk vcroc ak cstkturk, fbscrvkroc… Jc kdï jcscobfquî k um pktnf. Kaaï dkbïk, k ak jcrcidk, um bkmif akrlf jc okjcrk, y k ak nzquncrjk umk pcqucûk ocsk pkrk tfokr ikgî f tî. Ca tcidf cstkbk jcsiubncrtf, pcrf gfrrkjf jc umk gucrtc tcak tcak octëanik. Ka gfmjf jca pktnf dkbïk um pumidnml bkaa jfmjc îa dkiïk sus c`crininfs. ^k mf crk ca dfobr dfobrcc lfrjf jc iukmjf tcmïk tcmïk ca pfjcr pfjcr.. K ikjk rktf rktf sc prcscmtk prcscmtk um

;34

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  guminfmkrnf y ac jnic0 ‑Onrc Xîrcz @noîmcz, cs ak dfrk‟.  dfrk‟.  ^f pcmskbk quc pfjïkm jcinrac j jcc ftrk okmcrk… [unzë, prcsnjcmtc f kalf ksï.

YÙAF SMK WCP ASIDÙ ZCMNCMJF XRFBACOKY XCRYFMKACY IFM CA FXFMCMZC Ca kutfr0 Xkrk kutfr0 Xkrk ifmiaunr cstk nmtcrcskmtïsnok ifmvcrskinùm, Jrklùm, qunsncrk quc mfs jn`crks sn cm kalumk fpfrtumnjkj tuvnstc prfbacoks ifm kalðm auidkjfr, y sn csfs nmifmvcmncmtcs tc aacvkrfm k pcackr jc vcrjkj, vcr vcrjkj. jkj.

Jrklùm0 Mf. Yupncrks quc sncoprc o occ aacvî aacvî bncm ifm tfjfs. K vcics tuvc tuvc kalumks ifsks, pcrf mf snlmngnikrfm okyfr ifsk. Zc vfy k ifmtkr kalf kalf jc dkic ouidfs kûfs… Ona mfvcincmtfs scscmtk. Dkbïkofs kokmcinjf afs quc nmtclrëbkofs ca lrupf jc auidkjfrcs. Dkbïkofs vnk`kjf ouidf. Cstkbk Durkiëm Rkoïrcz , ouy bucm auidkjfr. auidkjfr. Ocxnikmf. Mfs pusnofs k dkbakr jc auidk. Mfs irntnikofs afs jfs. Ak ifsk guc subncmjf jc tfmf y oc rctù k pcackr sfbrc ca rnml , snm mkjk krtngninka y snm pðbanif… Yùaf afs ouidkidfs jca lrupf pfjïkm cstkr. Bucmf, oc skquî ca rcaf` jc frf quc dkbïk ifoprkjf cm ca Xcrð5 umk csiakvk5 umk ikjcmk jc frf, quc pcskbk incmtf inmiucmtk lrkofs… Xusc tfjf csf sfbrc ak ocsk… Dnic csf pkrk cofinfmkroc, pkrk skbcr pfr quî vfy vfy k klkrrkroc ifm îa. Ksï pfjïk jcinroc k oï onsof quc pcackbk pkrk rciupcrkr ons  `fyks, pucs. Zrkmsiurrncrfm kalumfs onmutfs y tfjf af pcmskjf guc jcscidkjf. Mfs jnofs oucstrks jc konstkj, cmtfmics. cmtfmics. Cm ftrk fiksnùm, dubf um auidkjfr aakokjf Ca Fsf Lrnclf. Ifm îa,

;3>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ak ifsk guc oës gucrtc, ¶vcs tð6. Zð skbcs quc cm ak auidk mfsftrfs tcmcofs pfr ifstuobrc, kyujkrmfs5 mf tnrkrsc k oktkr. Cs quc cs um cspcitëiuaf5 ak lcmtc pklk pkrk vcr vcr csf y

pfjcraf jnsgrutkr. jnsgrutkr. Mf cs ak îpfik jc afs rfokmfs5 iukmjf tnrkbkm afs auidkjfrcs ka ik`ùm pkrk quc sc afs ifoncrkm afs acfmcs5 mf. Kd, ¶[uî dky lfapcs6 Yï dky lfapcs. Nmjnsiutnbacocmtc. Csf cs ifof um inmiucmtk pfr incmtf. Kjcoës, aks ikïjks… Guc cm ca Xcrð Xcrð y cm Wcmczucak, Wcmczucak, jfmjc auidî ifm Ca Fsf Lrnclf. Bucmf5 cm umk fiksnùm oc pclù um lfapc cm ak ikbczk, ouy gucrtc. Oc jfanù pcrf pcrf ifmsnjcrî quc csf dkbïk snjf um jcsiunjf5 pcrf af rcpntnù. ^k vk ak sclumjk vcz , oc jn`c. Iukmjf fiurrnù pfr tcricrk vcz oc jn`c quc csf mf pfjïk scr. scr. Mf rciucrjf iùof tcronmù tcronmù ak pcack cm ca rnml… Af incrtf cs quc af cspcrî cm afs ikocrnmfs, krokjf jc um tubf. Iukmjf ac vfy k cmtrkr k tubkzfs, oc klkrrkm vkrnfs ifopkûcrfs. Aflrf rcifrjkr k Iniaùm Wcmczfakmf. Cvntkrfm quc ac pclkrk ifm ca tubf. Jcbf jcinrtc quc mumik kifstuobrf kifstuobrf csf. Cs quc yf oc scmtï oka5 yf oc cstfy cmtrclkmjf k um ifopkûcrf jc auidk pkrk quc îa dklk su trkbk`f, mf pkrk jkûkroc. Bucmf, mfs scpkrkrfm. Îa sc jnsiuapù. Rciucrjf quc oc jn`f quc csk okûk prfbkbacocmtc ac vcmïk jc afs ofocmtfs quc vnvnù cm ak lucrrk, cm gnm. Ka gnmka, tfjf sc supcrù. Ca kutfr0  kutfr0 ¶Mf aaclù k ‑pksërsctc ak okmf‟ ifm kalðm ifopkûcrf auidkjfr sfbrc ca iukjrnaëtcrf6

Jrklùm0 Jc oï, mnmlðm auidkjfr pucjc jcinr quc af jkûî. ^f dkiïk aks ifsks, tc vfy k jcinr, ifm umk cofinùm cxtrkfrjnmkrnk. Dkiïk vcr k ak lcmtc, lcmtc, ifsks quc cm rckanjkj mf cxnstïkm. Cs quc ca krtnstk dkic csf. ^f oc ifmsnjcrkbk jcmtrf jca rnml , um krtnstk.. Yn yf oc dubncrk jcjnikjf ka tcktrf… Yn yf oc dubncrk krtnstk jcjnikjf ka csicmkrnf, dkbrïk dcidf af onsof. Rciucrjf quc cm umk fiksnùm, auidkmjf cm Ifafobnk snm oësikrk y ifm ca mfobrc Idkracs \nasfm, ca coprcskrnf oc jn`f, dkincmjf

;78

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  brfoks, quc mumik jcbïk dkicraf ksï, yk quc ak ikrk quc yf pfmïk iukmjf oc tfikbk klrcjnr, nbk k aacvkroc ka rncslf jc quc ca pðbanif pðbanif oc oktkrk jc vcrjkj. Crk ak cxprcsnùm cxprcsnùm jc ak

ikrk, af quc af aacvù k jcinroc csf. ‑Mf tc skqucs ak oësikrk mumik‟, oc rcifocmjkbk.

;7;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

(Gftf 4/;).

;72

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

  4

OÎTNIF, IKXNZKA OSMJNKA JCA XKMIRKINF

;79

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

WSCAF RKYKMZC YFBRC YS DSCAAK CM CA ZNCOXF

Cstë iakrf quc cm Oîxnif ak auidk anbrc dk vcmnjf sncmjf um cspcitëiuaf ‑jc butkiks butkiks tfokr‟. Ifm tfjk rkz rkzùm ùm sc dk jnidf quc ccss ak ikpntka oumjnka oumjnka jc ak auidk anbrc anbrc prfgcsnfmka. ^k cm ;>;8 Inu Inujkj jkj jc Oîxnif pacmù ca Zcktrf Xrnminpka y ca Zcktrf Ifaùm jkjks aks prcscminks jc umk trfupc ntkankmk anjcrkjk pfr ca ikopcùm Lnfvkmmn Rcacscvnid y pfr ftrk jc lcmtnaninf jnstnmtf, ifm Ca Ifmjc Efok y ca `kpfmîs Mkbutkek, Mkbutkek, k ak ikbczk. Cm ;>2; jcstkiù pfr pfr su gncrczk cm ca iukjrnaëtcrf, Acùm Mkvkrrf. Oës tkrjc, cm ;>29, sfbrcskancrfm Ekwkouak y Dîriuacs Ykopsfm. Smk jîikjk oës tkrjc, sc incrrk um ikpïtuaf y ka onsof tncopf sc kbrc ftrf, cm ca oumjf jca pkmirkinf Idnmf kztcik. ak ikpntka aaclk ac`kmks ks tncrrks0  y quc ^kqun @fc  @fcCs ftrfsk auidkjfrcs. aui dkjfrcs. Ka jcsjc onsofac`km tncopf sc gumjk y Kidnu, rëpnjkocmtc sc jcskrrfaak ak ‑Coprcsk Ocxnikmk jc Auidk Anbrc‟, lcrcminkjk pfr Ykavkjfr Autdcrftd. Ksï, ;>99 ifmstntuyc ifmstntuyc um dntf nopfrtkmtc cm cstk aïmck j jcc cspcitëiuaf pfpuakr. pfpuakr. Afs lnomksnfs, lnomksnfs, cqunpkjfs pfr tfmcakjks tfmcakjks jc pcsks c nmlcmnfsfs nmlcmnfsfs iukjrnaëtcrfs iukjrnaëtcrfs pkrk ca ifobktc, sfm antcrkaocmtc tfokjfs pfr afs muocrfsfs kspnrkmtcs kspnrkmtcs k lakjnkjfrcs. Mkicm prflrcsnvkocmtc prflrcsnvkocmtc afs prfgcsnfmkacs prfgcsnfmkacs pkmirkinkstk pkmirkinkstkss ocxnikmfs y ifm caafs tkobnîm afs cqunpfs jc oësikrks, ikpks, trusks y bftks… Zfjfs jc ikprnidfsfs ikprnid fsfs ofjcafs y ona kjntkocmtfs jc acmtc`ucaks, iucrf y afmk. ¶Aks krcmks6 krcmks6 Cmtrc afs ‖38 y afs ‖78 cm ak ikpntka cstkbkm0 cstkbkm0 ak Smntcj, Ak Anbcrtkj, Jclfaakjf, ak Lucrrcrf, Rfok, ak Wcmicjfrk Smntcj, Csikmjùm, Wcmicjfrk. Wcmicjfrk. Kdfrk0 ak Ifanscf y ak Oîxnif3>. Yc irckm, ksï, afs afs mfobrcs jc bktkaak bktkaak.. Cm umk sfak pkakbrk0 pkakbrk0 sc grkluk umk ifmstcakinùm jc pcrsfmk`cs cobrnklkjfs jc gkmtksïk, ikpkics jc prfycitkrak prfycitkrak ifm nmusntkjk gucrzk. Noklnmkinùm… acycmjk, vkafr, onstcrnf. onstcrnf. Ca ofjcaf ocxnikmf ocxnikmf jc auidk anbrc dk vvnstf nstf ak auz y dk

3>

  Igr.0 Brkidf, Cjoumjf. Ykmtf pkrk… p.;4.

;7:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  jcsktkjf pftrfs jc pksnùm nmifmtcmnbac. Bakie Luzoëm, \fag Rubnmsens, Gnrpf Yclurk,  Yclurk, Ikvcrmkrnf Lkanmjf… Ca kûf ;>9> snlmngnik nlukaocmtc mcicskrnk wrcstanml kztcik. Yc qucjk cm cm ikskumk pfrrcgcrcmink prnocrk vcz umk gk`kpkrk ca oumjnka. Zkrzëm Aùpcz sc tntuak Ikopcùm jca Oumjf, pcsf ocjnf, ka vcmicr k Yu`n Yntf. Cm ca 32 sc jnf um jcsbfrjkmtc aacmf cm ak Krcmk Ifanscf, cm ak fpfrtumnjkj cm ak iuka ca rcgcrnjf Ikopcùm rctuvf ca tïtuaf grcmtc k Ykmtf. Zrcs kûfs oës tkrjc, îstc ’Ca Cmoksikrkjf jc XaktkXaktk- prfpnmk k Bakie Ydkjfw umk jcrrftk quc af scmtcmink k mf uskr ak oësikrk mumik oës. Jc cstfs snlmngniktnvfs tncopfs, pucjf trkcr k ifakinùm ftrfs mfobrcs ksnonsof snlmngniktnvfs… s nlmngniktnvfs… Oîjnif Kscsnmf, Lakjnkjfr, Bauc Jcofm, Lfrnantk Gafrcs, Bfbby Gafrcs,  Bfbby Bfmkacs, Kagfmsf Jkmtîs, Zfrbcaanmf Mclrf, Ëmlca Bakmif, Afif Pkmjfeëm,  Pkmjfeëm, Xkmtcrk Ctïfpc, Xuok Wëzqucz, Mclrf Wëzqucz, Rfakmjf Wcrk, Xcpc Ocmjnctk, Ourinîaklf Ocmjnctk, Ourinîaklf Wcaëzqucz, Cjjnc Lucrrcrf, Rntf Rfocrf… @fc Okrïm , Yfobrk  Kzua, Rcj Okm, Lustkvf Yclurk, @knbf Lkriïk , Fsf Mclrf, Jcofmnf Rf`f… Crnie Bfuafg…  Bfuafg… 

Oësikrk jc  Bauc Jcofm

(Gftf 4/2). Ftrfs mfobrcs mfobrcs kquï sc klrclkm. Dky umf umfss jc ouy vnc`k jktk5 ftrfs aaclkm a aclkm dkstk ocjnkjfs jc afs ‖79. (Gftf 4/9).  Durkiëm Rkoïrcz, Oîjnif  Kscsnmf, Onlucantf Zfrrcs (Zkmquc Ocxnikmf) , , Fsf Xkrjf y tkmtfs (Zkmquc Ocxnikmf) ftrfs quc  quc mf aflrf trkcr omîonikocmtc k gaftc. Xucjf jcinr quc on Zrcocms, sncoprc ifscidù cxicacmtcs pkjrc, ca nmofrtka Rujf Zrcocms, rcakinfmcs ifm tfjf ca ocjnf auidïstnif jc Oîxnif, jc ikrk k cstrcidkr aks rcakinfmcs jc nmtcrikobnf ifm Wcmczucak. Bncm. Ifof dc vcmnjf vcmnjf jnincmjf k af akrlf jc cstc anbrf, anbrf, yk k gnmkacs jc afs ‖78 ca cspcitëiuaf cm Wcmczucak jfbak aks pncrmks y copnczk k ikcr. Mf fbstkmtc caaf, aks aks coprcsks coprcsks quc dkiïkm vnjk cm cm cstk mkinùm,

scluïkm rcinbncmjf pfr jc pkrtc jc pkmirkinkstks jc tfjfs afsksï, sus ifmtnmcmtcs, oucstrks jnspfsninùm k vcmnr y jcofstrkr,

;7<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  tkacmtfs. Ikrtks y oës ikrtks ’ifm gftflrkgïks nmiaunjks- ifpkbkm afs lrnscs y um tkmtf fxnjkjfs fxnjkjfs csikpkrktcs csikpkrktcs octëanifs octëanifs jc aks `kjckm `kjckmtcs tcs coprcsks. Jca vnc`f okactïm quc on pkjrc oc jc`krk ifof aclkjf, aflrf cxtrkcr pumtukaocmtc umks gftfsk jc auidkjfrcs ocxnikmfs quc sc kprcstkbkm’ kprcstkbkm ’cmiukmtks tka tncopfjkrmfs af oc`fr jc sï. Ifmgncsf snm copkidf quc k mf tfjfs kaikmzf k njcmtngnikr pacmkocmtc. pacmkocmt c. K pcskr jc cstf, sncmtf quc tcmlf kdfrk ak fpfrtumnjkj jc ofstrkrafs pðbanikocmtc cm krks jc af quc, snm jujk, scrë ak dnstfrnk jc cstc pcjkzf jc iuaturk pfpuakr aktnmfkocrnikmk, aktnmfkocrnikmk, aakokjk auidk anbrc.

Lustkvf Yclurk, Rkyf Ocxnikmf.  (Gftf 4/:). 

Zfoës Rnkmjc. (Gftf 4/3).

;74

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

;7>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Jr. Mcasfm y Ekobk Ca Ykavk`c ifobktncmjf k rks jc afmk. Ikrkiks, ;>7/;). 

;

IKXÏZSAF GFZFY [SC LRNZKM OËY KAAË JC RNML YNJC

;/2).

Rfiif Ypnmcaan, Lfrnak.  (Gftf >/9).

krlkrntf Ouûfz Afzkmf, Jkre Buggkaf. (Gftf >/:).

@frlc Xrñssnml, Jrklùm Idnmf. (Gftf >/3).

;73, kprfx. (Gftf >/7). 

78

 Cstk gftf guc nmscrtkjk cm 28;//4). 

;/>).

;/;8). 

;7:, kprfx. (Gftf >/;;).

;7) f ka rusf Kacxkmjcr Ekrcanmc, Ikopcùm Oumjnka Oumjnka Faïopnif jc gnmka jc snlaf TT5 pkrk intkr sùaf jfs. Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf. Ak Auidk Anbrc cm Wcmczucak. Bkrqunsnoctf (Wcmczucak), ;>>>. Grklocmtf.

;4:

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

79



 

CA BNCM IFMZRK CA OKA  

Jr. Mcasfm tîimnif) trktk jc cqunanbrkr ak rujczk jc J rk rkll ùm Idnmf, Idnmf, cstrkmluakjfrk ‟. Ikrkiks, ;>73, kprfx. kpaniëmjfac umk ‑ cstrkmluakjfrk (Gftf ;8/2). 

Smf vnvïk ak auidk anbrc ifof umk ifoocjnk jcaa„krtc jca ikopf jca dfmfr. Wkac jcinr quc umf jnauinjù jcsjc tcoprkmf ak iîacbrc pfaîonik sfbrc ak vcrkinjkj jca cmgrcmtkoncmtf cm ca iktid ks iktid ikm y ikm  y sc qucjù ifm ak aclntnonjkj quc ac crk cspciïgnik0 ak auidk anbrc mf cs dcrfnik ifof ca bfxcf mn îpnik ifof aks ikrrcrks jc kutfoùvnacs5 cs bugk ifof ak ifoocjnk kaa„noprfvnsf, snm lunùm, ifm um pktrùm csiuctf quc jcsktk ak ifobnmktfrnk jc vfikinùm nmgnmntk jc ak ifmtncmjk jca Bncm ifmtrk ca Oka. Ca Bncm crk ca anopnf, ca tîimnif, ca Kpfaf Wcmczfakmf, Ykmtf f Bcrmkrjnmf ak Okrik. Ca okaf crk Ca Lfrnak, k quncm ak Jkok jc aks Ikjcmks anbrkbk jc sus ktkjurks ktkjurks ka rnml5 Ca pnc jca rnml5  Ca Jrklùm Idnmf, ifm sus okanlmks krtcs, ifm su

79

 Ycpkrktk. Zcxtf jc Rfbcrtf Dcrmëmjcz Ofmtfyk.

;43

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ifopkûcrk tkm krtcrk ifof îa crk runm5 ca Oîjnif Kscsnmf, ifm su bktk, su okactïm y su incmink jc jfitfr pcrvcrtnjf, pcrvcrtnjf, okmnpuakjfr kmtndnpfirëtnif jc ak skauj cmconlk5 Ikobk ca Ykavk`c, dnrsutf, vfingcrkmtc (…).  (…).  Rfbcrtf Dcrmëmjcz Ofmtfyk. Auidk Anbrc. Okyf, ;>4>. Grklocmtf.

CRKM ‑DÎRFCY‟7: 

@frlc Bkttkd cs kiakokjf y ‑kscjnkjf‟) pfr aks aks ouidkidks, ka cmtrkr ka rnml. Ikrkiks, ;>778 f cm ;>7;, iukmjf yf tcmïk jncz u fmic kûfs jc cjkj. Ak vcïk cm bakmif y mclrf, cm ak tcacvnsnùm y tcmïk quc dkicraf k csifmjnjks pfrquc ons pkjrcs oc af prfdnbïkm pfr af gucrtc y rujk quc crk. Guc ak îpfik jc frf jc ak auidk, y cstk auidk crk rcka, ifm krtc y ifm okûk5 ak auidk anbrc crk jc jc vcrjkj, vcrjkj… vcrjkj… Ifof ak trkmsontïkm trkmsontïkm jc mfidc y k ikusk jc ak prfdnbninùm pktcrmk, pktcrmk, tcmïk cmtfmics quc gnmlnr quc oc nbk k ak ikok. Auclf k csifmjnjks cmicmjïk ak tcacvnsnùm tcacvnsnùm (…). Crk gksinmkmtc... Afs rujfs y afs bucmfs, afs dîrfcs y afs vnaakmfs, aks auidks jc oësikrk ifmtrk ikbcaacrk, oësikrk ifmtrk oësikrk, aks bktkaaks ikopkacs, ak auidk jc rcacvfs y sus aakvcs0 ‑ak jfbac Mcasfm‟ Mcasfm), afs oðatnpacs lfapcs jc puûf ouy ifrtntfs jca Znlrntf (jca Jr. Mcasfm), jca Rnml 5 ‑ak pktkjk vfakjfrk‟, ‑ca pnquctc k afs f`fs‟, ‑ak pkakmik ka brkzf‟, ‑ak pucstk jc cspkajks‟, cspkajks‟, ‑ca ikmlrc`f‟... ikmlrc`f‟... Cstfs lakjnkjfrcs lakjnkjfrcs sc lfapckbkm ouy gucrtc y skmlrkbkm skmlrkbkm jc vcrjkj, vcrjkj. Kjonrkbk k cstfs lakjnkjfrcs, tfjfs caafs cstupcmjf cstupcmjfss ktactks, cxicacmtcs kirùbktks y oklmïgnifs kitfrcs5 caafs crkm ons dîrfcs…  dîrfcs…  Ikrafs Pcrpk. Iukmjf ak Auidk Anbrc crk jc WcrjkjWcrjkj. Wcmczucak5 mfvncobrc, 2887. Grklocmtf.

;4<

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

Krrnbk0 Nmjnf Okpuidc / Nmjnf Okrk. Kbk`f0 Jrklùm Idnmf sc kprcstk k quntkrsc ak oësikrk cm ak Lrkm Rcvnstk jca @ucvcs , pfr IWZW / Xrnof Ikrmcrk jclustk um vnmf, auclf jc umk rcgrnclk. (Gftfs ’ifaaklc- ;;).

;44

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ………………………………………………………………………. 

IKXÏZSAF

;;

 

MFZKY JC IKOCRNMF

;4>

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  XFIFY GSCRFM AFY FBCYFY quc vnmncrfm k Wcmczucak. Ca Ofmtkûk (quncm fptù pfr qucjkrsc k vnvnr cm cstc krlcmtnmf Dfobrc Ofmtkûk (quncm @kiesfm, gkofsf pkïs) guc umf jc îstfs. Cm Oîxnif, ifmfiï i fmfiï k Zfmnmk @kiesfm, tkmtf pfr su ikpkinjkj jc auidk, ifof pfr su kptntuj jc kitukinùm inmcoktflrëgnik. ‑Ca ikrk jc mnûf‟ mnûf‟ crk um kpfjf quc quc ifm ikrnûf ac ksnlmkbk ak lcmtc lcmtc jca ocjnf. ocjnf. K ftrk ‑tfmnmk‟ ‑tfmnmk‟ ifmfiï kaaë. kaaë. Zfmnmk Dkrrns55 tkobnîm ouy bucm auidkjfr. Dkrrns MF GKAZKRFM ‑AFY NMJNFY‟ sfbrc ca cmsflkjf vcmczfakmf. Nmjnf Okrk guc umf jc caafs. Zkobnîm auidù ifm ca mfobrc mfobrc jc Nmjnf  Kpkidc. Yus ‑okidctkzfs‟ sfbrc ak duokmnjkj jca ifmtcmjfr crkm jcofacjfrcs. Ka ofocmtf jc kscstkrafs, kscstkrafs , sfaïk jcinr ifm ofjcrkjfs idkssss. Nmjnf Okpuidc jcinbcacs0 îpfik. Zkmtf umf ifof ftrf, sfaïkm ktkvnkrsc ifm tkobnîm trk`cs jcokriù kbfrnlcm surkocrnikmf. YN JC ASIDKJFRCY RSJFY YC ZRKZK, ZRKZK, tcmlf quc rcgcrnr k kqucaafs quc gucrfm afs oc`frcs cm afs iukjrnaëtcrfs aktnmfkocrnikmfs aktnmfkocrnikmfs jca Idnmf y Ikmïbka. Ikmïbka.   Zkobnîm Jkre snlaf TT.. Cm Wcmczucak0 Jrklùm Idnmf y Buggkaf y  @knoc  @knoc Ca Gkmtksok. Cm Oîxnif0 Ekrafgg Aklkrjc y Ikvcrmkrnf Lkanmjf. Mf pucjf jc`kr jc trkcr k ifakinùm k Nvëm Xfpfvnid, iuyk rujczk ifaoù k afs gkmëtnifs ifafobnkmfs. ifafobnkmfs. \FAG RSBNMYENY0 Cxicacmtc auidkjfr ocxnikmf5 cxicacmtc kitfr jc inmc. nopfsnbac dca kbakr ak snm auidk anbrc ak ocxnikmk ocxnikmk y jca inmc mc quc jc su Cs scmf brftù cmdkbakr sn lafjcTT, snlaf vkafrkr kitukinùm jc in pcrsfmk`c. DSBF CM WCMCPSCAK, ZNCMJKY JC RFXK ^ JC CYIKXKRKZCY aks iukacs tcmïkm quc vcr vcr ifm auidkjfrcs. auidkjfrcs. Crkm afs kûfs kûfs ‖8

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  CM ‑AK LRKM RCWNYZK JCA @SCWCY‟ 73, Jrklùm Idnmf tuvf quc quntkrsc su oësikrk, oësikrk, trks jfs dcidfs. dcidfs. Xrnocrf. Ca dkbcr dkbcr pcrjnjf umk scokmk kmtcs, umk auidk kmtc Bkssna Bkttkd (cm ak iuka kpfstkbk ak ikrctk cm iucstnùm). Yclumjf. Ca vnfacmtf csikpc quc îstc rckanzù ka vcrsc jcrrftkjf (y ifmsciucminka jcsdfmrk jca ifoprfonsf jc jcscmoksikrkrsc). jcscmoksikrk rsc). Csc jïk jc ocjnkjfs jc afs ‖78, IWZW fbtuvf  rktnml . Dky quc klrclkr quc ca kstutf auidkjfr, prcvnf k katf rktnml  katf quntkrsc ak ikpuidk ikpuidk cm ZW, sc dnzf okqunaakr su rfstrf. Cstc okqunaak`c guc tkm cxtrcof quc ka jïk snluncmtc mkjnc af rcifmfinù cm aks ikaacs (af quc, sclðm îa, ac lkrkmtnzù ‑sclunr vnvncmjf‟) vnvncmjf‟)..  CM WCMCPSCAK AK ASIDK ANBRC MF IFMZCOXAÙ IFM YCRNCJKJ, IKZCLFRÏKY JC XCYK@C, af quc okriù umk cxtrkûk jngcrcmink ifm Oîxnif y ak okyfrïk okyfrïk jc pkïscs. Ksï, cm afs iukjrnaëtcrfs iukjrnaëtcrfs vcmczfakmfs vcmczfakmfs pfjïk cmgrcmtkrsc um pcackjfr jc ;28 e. ifmtrk ftrf jc 9>8 ca pcrnfjnstk Rcnmkajf Lùocz cm ca jnkrnf Ca Nmgfrokjfr jc ak inujkj vcmczfakmk vcmczfakmk jc Bkrqunsnoctf. Bkrqunsnoctf. @umtf k Nvfrys Nvfrys Krku`f y k ak

73

Rcvnstk @ucvcs‟, ifof sc rcifrjkrë um prflrkok   ‑Ak Lrkm  jca tcacvnsnùm (IWZW), jc ifrtc ousnika. Kagfmsf Ëavkrczcrk Lkaakrjf crk ca jc kmnokjfr.

;>;

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  ifmicrt. Lrktfs onsok bfacrnstk, prfju`c cstc nmfavnjkbac ikgî ifmicrt. rciucrjfs… rciucrjfs …77  RCMÎ LSK@KRJF cs, snm jujk, umk rcgcrcmink fbanlkjk jc ak auidk anbrc kztcik. Cm rnlfr cs umf jc jc afs pcackjfrcs pcackjfrcs quc oës kiu kiuouaù ouaù trnumgfs sfbrc ca iukjrnaëtcrf. iukjrnaëtcrf. Yc jc`kbk ircicr ircicr um ofûf grfmtka grfmtka ka cstnaf jca ikmtkmtc vcmczfakmf Idcrry Mkvkrrf f jca bkakjnstk kztcik Kabcrtf Wëzqucz, pfr af quc kaaë afs iuktcs ac aakokbkm ‑ca ifpctcs‟. Afs ifpctcs quc uskbkm ugkmkocmtc afs `ùvcmcs vkrfmcs jc ak Bryaircco f îpfik dkiïkm umk cstrktîlnik ifopaninjkj ifm ca Bryaircco  f ca Afrj Idcscanmc (pclk`fsks ircoks ifsoîtniks), pkrk dkicr quc aks idniks suiuobncrkm jc kjonrkinùm. AFSRJCY LRFBCZ cs ca mfobrc jc umk krtnstk jc ak gftflrkgïk, g ftflrkgïk, jc mkinfmkanjkj oacmtc cxnikmk. Iurnfskocmt cs ac jcjnikjf jc su vnjk k jnrnlnr caocxnikmk. k afsIurnfskocmtc iukjrnaëtcrf iukjrnaëtcrfs cmdk afsjcjnikj iukacsfscpkrtc csicmngnikm afs lrkmjcs ifobktcs ifobktcs jc auidk anbr anbrcc ocxnikmk. Caak sucac jcinr if ifm m vcdcocmink quc cm caaf prcpfmjcrk ca scmtnoncmtf dnstùrnif-pfpuakr jc af ocxnikmf. CA YCMZNJF JC GNMSRK sfbrc ca iukjrnaëtcrf rcsuatkbk, rcsuatkbk, ifof jnic quc dkaakr umk klu`k cm um pk`fmka5 mf pk`fmka5 mf ca rcgrëm, oës jngïina quc  fbstkmtc, um cspcinka dëbntf jc bucmfs ofjkacs  ofjkacs gfrokbk pkrtc ’iurnfskocmtc- jc ak trkjninùm cstîtnik cstîtnik jc ak auidk ananbrc. brc. Iukmjf um nmvntkjf cspcinka (f oc`fr, umk nmvntkjk cspcinka) fskbk subnr ka rnml cm pakm jc skaujkr ka pðbanif f kalf ksï, pucs mf gkatkbktckaluncm  `ustf ka nmlrcsf, nmlrcs f, tfokrk aakk nmninktnvk jc snouatëmckocmtc snouatëmckocm kazkr akquc, iucrjk supcrnfr y bk`kr aks nmgcrnfrcs, jc okmcrk tka jc kbrnr ca iùofjf nmlrcsf ka ikopf jc bktkaak. KLRKJCINONCMZFY ^ RCIFMFINONCMZFY… Kifopkûkmjf k on Zrcocms, pfr tkmtfs kûfs y pfr tkmtfs pkjrc, ca nmofrtka Rujf Zrcocms, aulkrcs ifopcmctrkjfs ifopcmctrkjfs ifm ak auidk anbrc, guc ifscidëmjfsc prflrcsnvkocmtc prflrcsnvko cmtc cm oï, ak oftnvkinùm oftnvkinùm jc csirnbnr cstc cstc anbrf. Auclf, ka Idnmf, grklukr umk bucmk konstkj ifm ca cxicacmtc auidkjfr Jrklùm Idnmf, csc bucm ëmnof jc dkicr irùmnik, ircinù jc okmcrk nopfrtkmtc.

77

  Zkmtf Bcrtk ifof Ynavnf, pkrtncrfm tcoprkmkocmtc.

;>2

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Akocmtf cm lrkjf suof quc mn umf mn ftrf kaikmzkrfm kaikmzkrfm k vcr ca rcsuatkjf jca ksumtf. Lrkinks, k pcskr jc caaf, k on vnc`f vnc`f pfr prftclcroc jca ifopfmcmtc jc pktkjks vfakjfrks, cobfsikjks y Jrklùm,, pfr cstrkmluakjfrks cstrkmluakjf rks quc ak vvnjk njk tncmc. tncmc. Lrkinks, ksnonsof, ksnonsof, k Jrklùm ak bfmdfoïk. Zcmlf um bucm konlf, ca prfgcsfr prfgcsfr Crwnm Ikjcmks. Ikjcmks. Anmlñnstk, jficmtc jc lrkoëtnik cspkûfak. cspkûfak. Îa sncoprc oc dk kpfykjf cm ak mcicskrnk oftnvkinùm oftnvkinùm jc skikr k gaftc cstks iukrtnaaks. iukrtnaaks. Iukrtnaaks quc ifmtncmcm tkieacs, mfstkalnk pkmirkiïstnik, tn`crctks vfakjfrks, frjcmkjfr, frjcmkjf r, csiëmcr, vnc`ks gftfs, gftfs, cm gnm. Lrkinks. Cm umk fpfrtumnjkj, paktnikmjf yf ’cm Ikrkiks- ifm ak jfitfrk. Ikrocm Rfsk Slkrtc, oc jn`f0 ‑Mf vkinacs mumik cm csirnbnr tfjf af quc tð skbcs jc auidk‟. auidk‟. Cm ftrk inriumstkmink, jclustkmjf umfs trklfs cm ak jcskpkrcinjk tkbcrmk ‑Ca Wcacrf jca Aakmcrf‟79

 

‑ASIDK ANBRC YNLAF TT JCYJC WCMCPSCAK K OÎTNIF ^ CA OSMJF‟ / Kacxkmjcr Ofrcmf / Rc-cjninùm, 28;4 ……………………………………………………………………….  Dky ifmsklrkjfs krtniuanstks jc ocjnfs, quc cvcmtukaocmtc sc fiupkm jca tcok jc ak auidk anbrc an brc cm Wcmczucak, aflrkmjf ’ifof cs trkjninùm trkjninùm cm caafs-, caafs-, brnaakmtcz, rcacvkmink. rcacvkmink. Intf kalumfs0 Rfbcrtf Dcrmëmjcz Ofmtfyk, Rfbcrtf Cidctf, Fsikr  ^kmcs, Kabcrtf Mkrkm`f. (Ykbcofs quc quc cm Oîxnif kksnonsof snonsof dky muocrfsfs kmëaflfs quc dkicm af prfpnf74). Cxnstcm pfr kquï y pfr kaaë, gkmëtnifs jc ak auidk anbrc cm Wcmczucak, quc cmdfrkbucmk canlcm afs mfbacs dëbntfs jc ak irùmnik, ca ifaciinfmnsof y ca nmtcrikobnf jcsnmtcrcskjf. jcsnmtcrcskjf. -Ca mfobrc jc Brumf Bcrmksifmn Ikstcaan (Ca (Ca Kzftc Wcmczfakmf)) cstë prcscmtc cm iksn tfjks aks okmngcstkinfmcs Wcmczfakmf spft jcmfonmkjf jc caaf. Ca bafl spft jcmfonmkjf cakzftcvcmczfakmfcabafl.baflspft.ifo  ’ifm ca iuka îa cstë cakzftcvcmczfakmfcabafl.baflspft.ifo tkm ifmsustkminkjf- cs umk trnbumk jc snmluakr sn mluakr nopfrtkmink. Ftrfs mfobrcs0 -\akjnonr Dkvrnaue Xftftsen7>, -Ikrafs Pcrpk7

Xkskpfrtc k ak Oucrtc (Yfbrc ak pcaïiuak…).  pcaïiuak…).  dttp0//www.kbkmjfofvncz.mct/jb/pcaniuak.pdp6gnao?;8;4 Xcauggf, Kmk Aunsk. Yfbrc ak pcaïiuak Ikocank ak Zc`kmk. dttp0//www.yfutubc.ifo/wktid6v?y@ci8p^;^^K Xctrfgg, Rk`ef. Grccstyac kmj Lrcif-Rfokm \rcstnml. GNAK. Akuskmmc, Yunzk, ;>47. Xctrfgg, Rk`ef. Ak Auttc Fayopnquc k trkvcrs acs Onaacmknrcs. Akuskmmc, Yunzk, ;>>9. Xnocmtca, Fanmjk. Ak Auidk Anbrc snm Ykask jc Zfoktc. Rcpfrtk`c cm jnkrnf Ca Mkinfmka. Ikrkiks, 89-83-4;. 89-83-4;.    Xrnof Ikrmcrk (Yfbrc…)  (Yfbrc…)  dttp0//www.bnflrkgnks.cs/gkofsfs/prnof-ikrmcrk.dtoa Rcvnstk ‑Ca Dkaiùm‟. Mrf. N-:. N-:. Frlkmnzkinùm Cjntfrnka jc Xubanikinfmcs, Y.K. Oîxnif, J.G. J.G. Klfstf, ;>< ;>9>/ Gftf ;/20  

Gftf ;/90 dttps0//pnxkbky.ifo/cs/rctrktf-dfobrc-okyfr-bkrbkpcrsfmk-;>39;&bnd?3