LTE Planning

LTE Planning Prepared By: RF Team AbdelRahman Fady & Mohamed Mohsen

LTE Planning Planning Procedures •

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Planning process is a very vital process we should do it carefully to get good network performance LTE Planning Process consists of three main steps as below • Preplanning • Information Gathering • Dimensioning • Detailed planning • Prediction & Simulation • TSS • Code Planning • Neighbors Planning Parameters planning • Parameters • Acceptance • SSV • KPIs

Information gathering • •

Dimensioning Procedures should follow information gathering job about the nature of the subscriber and the area We can divide the gathered information into the following • Design Information • Required BLER • Minimum RSRP • Limited MCS

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• ……. etc. Inventory information • Number of GSM/UMTS sites • Type of antennas • MIMO existence • TMA existence • …. etc. RF features • Scheduler type • …… etc. Subscriber information • Mixed services Traffic Model • Users behaviors • ….etc. Coverage information • Clutter type • ….etc.

LTE Dimensioning Concept Dimensioning Procedures should follow information gathering job about the nature of the subscriber and the area

Dimensioning could be divided into two main steps as following • Capacity dimensioning • Coverage dimensioning

Both capacity and coverage dimensioning process should be balanced

Coverage Dimensioning Gathered Info.

Capacity Dimensioning

• • • •

Cell radius (R) Inter site distance (I) Number of sites (N) Main design info

LTE Dimensioning Concept Dimensioning Procedures should follow information gathering job about the nature of the subscriber and the area Both capacity and coverage dimensioning process should be balanced

N = Total Area / Site Area (A)  A = 1.94 * R^2 … directional antenna or   A = 2.5 * R^2 … omni antenna D = 1.5 * R

Dimensioning could be divided into two main steps as following • Capacity dimensioning • Coverage dimensioning

LTE Dimensioning Concept

Coverage Dimensioning

Get ( R )

Modify

Capacity Dimensioning

Get ( N & D )

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

Uplink Link budget Coverage Dimensioning

Downlink Link Budget

Get ( R ) , Get ( D ) and Get ( N)

Get (MAPL) Limited one

Subs. In Propagation Model equation

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Coverage : considering the uplink is the limitation we will start with it.

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Bit rate requirement

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SINR requirement

a0, a1, a2 and a3 are fitted parameters and the SINR is expressed in dB. The semi-empirical parameter a0 represents the maximum obtainable bit rate in one resource block.

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Coverage • SINR requirement

DL Fitted parameters

UL Fitted parameters

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Coverage • Bit rate requirement

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SINR requirement

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eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Coverage • Bit rate requirement

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SINR requirement

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eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

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Noise rise calculation

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Coverage • Bit rate requirement

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SINR requirement

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eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

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Noise rise calculation

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UE power per RB

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

• Uplink Link Budget MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb –  eNB_senstivity –  penetration loss –  body loss –  FFM –  Noise_rise LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

Log Normal fading

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Link Budget

MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb –  eNB_senstivity –  penetration loss –  body loss –  FFM –  Noise_rise LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

Building penetration Losses

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Uplink Link Budget

MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb –  eNB_senstivity –  penetration loss –  body loss –  FFM –  Noise_rise LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains

• Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB • Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB • Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB •  AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses •  Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB •  Another system gain like MIMO gain or TMA gain

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

• P_RB = HPA_Power / Nrb • Nrb is the number of RB per carrier as explained before • LTE-Ue_senstivity = Nt + Nf + 10 log (Nrb” * 180KHZ) + SINR

• Nrb” is number of RBs assigned for single subscriber @ cell edge. It should depend on the required throughput at cell edge.

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

• How to get SINR_DL….?

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

• How to get SINR_DL….?

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

• Interference Margin • Due to using RP = 1 in LTE @ cell edge we have to expect level of interference this level of interference should be varies with cell load hence we have to consider this level of interference during our calculations of MAPL

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Log Normal fading

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

Building penetration Losses

Coverage dimensioning •

Coverage Dimensioning Steps

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Downlink Link Budget

MAPL_Downlink = P_RB  – LTE-Ue_senstivity –  penetration_loss –  Car_Losses –   IM - body loss –  FFM –  LNF_margine –  AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains

• Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB • Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB • Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB •  AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses + TMA insertion Loss •  Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB •  Another system gain like MIMO gain or Scheduler gain

Coverage dimensioning •

Get limited MAPL then substitute in propagation model equation to get R

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Radius calculation ( R )

Capacity Dimensioning •

Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate the offered traffic.

Capacity Dimensioning

Get ( N )

N = Total Number of users / Number of users per site (Nuser) Nuser = No# cells / site * Number of users per cell (Ncell) Ncell = Traffic per cell / traffic per user

Capacity Dimensioning •

Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate the offered traffic.

Uplink Number of sites Capacity Dimensioning

Downlink Number of Sites

Balance to Get final ( R, D & N)

Get (N) Limited one

Back with New (N) to Coverage

Capacity Dimensioning •

Cell Capacity Calculation • Cell Capacity calculation • TCell = Tmax * Q • Where • Tmax is the maximum cell throughput • Q is the maximum cell loading factor

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Tmax = (((Number of bits / symbol) * 144)/ 1 msec ) * Nrb * MIMO_order * (1CCH_ratio)

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Where • Number of bits / symbol = Modulation order * Code rate • Nrb is the total number of resource block per carrier • CCH_ratio is the ratio of control channels • MIMO_order is the degree of MIMO

Capacity Dimensioning •

Cell Capacity Calculation • User capacity calculation

SessionTra ffic (kbits)  bearRate  Session Time  Session Duty Ratio 

1 1  BLER

Bearer Rate: Required Rate for the service Session Time: PPP Session Time Session Duty Ration: what is the percentage of active transmission per session BLER: Block Error Rate  BusyHourThroughput / user (kbps)  [( BHSA * SessionTra ffic )i  Penetratio   nRate i ]

BHSA: Busy Hour Session Attempts Penetration Rate: percentage of service user

Capacity Dimensioning Traffic Modeling

Mean Bit Rate (Kbps)

PPP Session Time (s)

PPP Session Duty Ratio

Throughput Per Session (Kbit)

BLER

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

UL

DL

VoIP

32

32

210

210

0.4

0.4

1%

1%

2715.15

2715.15

Video Phone

64

64

54

54

1

1

1%

1%

3490.91

3490.91

Video conference

128

192

1800

1800

1

1

1%

1%

232727

349091

Interactive Gaming

50

64

1800

1800

0.2

0.4

1%

1%

18181.8

46545.5

Streaming Media

10

300

3600

3600

0.05

0.95

1%

1%

1818.18

1036364

Instant Messaging

20

20

7

7

0.2

0.2

1%

1%

28.2828

28.2828

Web Browsing

8

256

1800

1800

0.05

0.05

1%

1%

727.273

23272.7

Email

256

256

300

300

1

1

1%

1%

77575.8

77575.8

Thank You