Line 3 Bay 207 230kv Kitz Park 1 #

SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Type of Conductor Protected # ZEBRA Z1/KM Protected # ZEBRA Z0/KM Protected # KUNDHA Z1/ KM Protected # KUNDHA Z0 /KM Distance of Protected # ZEBRA in KM Distance of Protected # KUNDHA in KM Total Distance of Protected # in KM Other End Substation Name Shortest # Name

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 230KV KITZ Park 1 # (BAY- 207) 1200 1200A/1A 2090.91 230KV/110V 0.5739 OH 0.078 Kms 0.392 0.265 1.315 0.079 0.402 0.264 1.498 9 KM 0 KM 9 KM KITS Park 2 230 KV SS Tharamani # R X Z THETA 0.078 0.392 0.265 1.315

Protected # ZEBRA Z1/KM Protected # ZEBRA Z0/KM Shortest # ZEBRA Conductor Distance in 9.488 KM KM 0.079 0.402 Protected # KUNDHA Z1/ KM 0.264 1.498 Protected # KUNDHA Z0 /KM Shortest # KUNDHA conducotr Distance 0 KM in KM KM Shortest # Total Distance in KM 9.488 230 KV OTTIYAMBAKKAM #2 Longest # Name 0.078 Protected # ZEBRA Z1/KM 0.392 0.265 1.315 Protected # ZEBRA Z0/KM Longest # ZEBRA Conductor Distance in 11.4 KM KM 0.079 0.402 Protected # KUNDHA Z1/ KM 0.264 1.498 Protected # KUNDHA Z0 /KM Longest # KUNDHA conducotr Distance 0 KM in KM KM Longest # Total Distance in KM 11.4 ZONE 1 (80 % impedance of the protected feeder) Z1 Py 0.562 2.822 0.322 1.620 Z1 Sy Z0 Py 1.908 9.468 Z0 Sy 1.095 5.434

2.878 1.652 9.658 5.543

78.746 78.746 78.606 78.606

ZONE 2 (100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 50% impedance of the adjacent shortest feeder)

Z 2 Py Z 2 Sy Zo Py Z0 Sy

1.072 0.615 3.642 2.090

5.388 3.092 18.073 10.373

5.493 3.153 18.437 10.581

78.746 78.746 78.606 78.606

ZONE 3 ( 100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 110% impedance of the adjacent longest feeder)

Z 3 Py Z 3 Sy Z0 Py

1.680 0.964 5.708

8.444 4.846 28.325

8.609 4.941 28.895

78.746 78.746 78.606

Z0 Sy

3.276

16.256

16.583

78.606

ZONE 4 ( 25 % of Zone 1 impedance) Z 4 Py Z4 SY Z0 Py z0 Sy

0.140 0.081 0.477 0.274

0.706 0.405 2.367 1.358

0.719 0.413 2.415 1.386

78.746 78.746 78.606 78.606

3.528 2.025 11.835 6.792261

3.597 2.064 12.073 6.929

78.746 78.746 78.606 78.606

3.356

-0.140

Zone 2 z0/z1=

3.356

-0.140

Zone 3 z0/z1=

3.356

-0.140

Zone 4 z0/z1=

3.356

-0.140

3.891 4.955 0.785 7.428 9.458 0.785 11.642 14.823 0.785 0.973 1.239 0.785

78.547 78.746 -0.199 78.547 78.746 -0.199 78.547 78.746 -0.199 78.547 78.746 -0.199

IMPEDANCE OF THE ENTIRE LINE TO BE PROTECTED Z1Py 0.702 0.403 Z1Sy Z0Py 2.385 Z0Sy 1.3687826087 EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR Zone 1 z0/z1=

EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR zo-z1 3z1 Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1=

0.773 0.9669286957

3.814 4.859437

1.475 1.8457594435

7.280 9.276124

2.312 2.8927283478

11.410 14.53781

0.193 0.2417321739

0.953 1.214859

The resistive reach is calculated with 85 % of rated voltage and 50 % of over loading condition and the power factor may be greater than 30 deg. The mimimum load impedance is calculated using the following expression. 855 Primary full load current = Amps CT/PT RATIO FACTOR = 0.5739 Total Length of Feeder = 9 Kms Z load = V min √3 * I max Z load Py =

Zload Sy =

0.85*230 KV √3*1.5*D5 A = 88.009 Ω 50.510 Ω

So the max resistive reach (Right Blinder) for phase fault distance Rph max = Zload min-0.4*Zloadmin = 30.306 Ω Maximum Resistive reach (Right Blinder) for Ground fault distance RG max = Zload min-0.2*Zloadmin = 40.408 Ω Rph min ≥ Rarc Assume If . I,e minexpected phase to phase fault current Rarc = 28710*L L= 4.5 Metre If^1.4 If= 6450 Amps = 0.600 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 Rphmin Sy >= RarcPy*CTratio/PTratio = 0.34 Ω For earth faults,the resistive reaches are calculated as follows RG Min ≥ (Rarc+Rtf)*1.2 Let Rtf = 10 Ω Primary Rarc = 28710*2.5M L= 2.5 Metre If^1.4 If= 4250 Amps = 0.60 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 RG Min Sy>= 6.082 Ω

ZONE RESISTIVE REACH ( RIGHT BLINDERS) ARE CALCULATED AS BELOW ZONE RESISTANCE PRIMARY Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4 0.5616 1.072032 1.68012 0.1404 FOR PHASE DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

Rph (Z1) >= Rph (Z2) ≤ Rph (Z3) ≤ Rph (Z4) =

Rph min = 80% of Rph Z3= 60% of Zlmin = Rph Z3 =

0.34 Ω 24.24 Ω 30.31 Ω 30.31 Ω

R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc = R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

0.6667 Ω 0.9596 Ω 1.3086 Ω 0.4249 Ω

FOR GROUND DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

RG (Z1) >= RG (Z2) ≤ RG (Z3) ≤ RG (Z4) =

RGmin = 80 % of RG Z3 = 80% of Zlmin = RG Z3 =

6.08 Ω 32.33 Ω 40.41 Ω 40.41 Ω

POWER SWING CALCULATIONS Delta R= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Delta X= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Biased Residual Current Threshold In> 0.1 * In + [ ( In> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] In > 38.50%

RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf =

6.4058 Ω 9.5683 Ω 12.7869 Ω 6.1641 Ω

PSB 0.39 0.39

I max Line > Phase Current threshold Min Setting = 1.2 * Max Power Swing current Max. Power Swing current = 2 * In = 2*1A=2A Min Setting = 2.4 Amps

Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR 0.7125

Biased Negative Sequence Current Threshold I2> 0.1 * In + [ ( I2> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR I2 > 24.25% 0.7125

Consolidated Settings SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Total Distance of Protected # in KM Zone Settings Z1 Sy Z 2 Sy Z 3 Sy Z4 SY Total Line Impedence (SY) Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 z0/z1= Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 230KV KITZ Park 1 # (BAY- 207) 1200.00 2090.91 0.5739 9 R X Z 0.3223 1.6198 1.6516 0.6153 3.0920 3.1527 0.9642 4.8459 4.9409 0.0806 0.4050 0.4129 0.4029 2.0248 2.0645 Z

Z

Zload Sy =

THETA 78.7463 78.7463 78.7463 78.7463 78.7463

THETA 0.7854 -0.1994 0.7854 -0.1994 0.7854 -0.1994 0.7854 -0.1994 K value in THETA R+jX Rectangular 3.3562 -0.1400 3.356223550.56009480 3.3562 -0.1400 3.356223550.56009480 3.3562 -0.1400 3.356223550.56009480 3.3562 -0.1400 3.356223550.56009480 50.51 Ω

Phase Resistive Reach (Secondary) R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = 0.6667 Ω R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = 0.9596 Ω R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc =

1.3086 Ω

R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

0.4249 Ω

Ground Resistive Reach (Secondary) RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = 6.4058 Ω RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 9.5683 Ω RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 12.7869 Ω RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 6.1641 Ω

Delta R

PSB Delta X 0.39 0.39

RZLV set in the relay (ohms/loop) 11.44 17.09 22.84 11.01

K value in Polar 0.5600955 0.0877202 0.5600955 0.0877202 0.5600955 0.0877202 0.5600955 0.0877202

R(zlv)={R(ohms/ph) * sin[pi-arg(Z1n)]} / {[ IKI * sin [ arg (Z1n) - arg ( IKI)]} Where K = 1/ { 1 + [1/3] * [Kon-1]} RZLV is the ground resistive reach to set in the relay (ohms/loop) RΩ/PH is the ground resistive reach in ohms/phase arg(Z1n) is the angle of positive sequence impedance for zone n (n=1...5)

e relay (ohms/loop)

K0n=Z0n/Z1nis the zero sequence compensation factor set for zone n in the relay: the module is set dire The ground resistive limiters cross the R-axis with an angle equal to arg(Z1n). - Reactive line angle: it is equal to arg(k)

- Directional line angle: it is equal to the setting (Quadrilateral Characteristic Directional Line Angle) plu

Sub Station Feeder System Voltage Fault MVA 3Ph Fault MVA 1Ph CT RATIO PT RATIO Line Imp IN Primary Line Current Carring Capacity CT/PT RATIO PH-PH Source Imp Total Imp Fault MVA at end of the line Fault Current Relay Plug setting Setting Multiplier Time Required TLS

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS

230KV KITZ Park 1 # (BAY- 207) 230 KV 10714 MVA 7539 MVA 1200 1A 230000 110 V 3.597164 Ohms 855 A LINE 855 0.7125 0.573913 CABLE 855 0.7125 E/F KV^2/MVA 4.937465 Ohms 7.016846 Ohms 8.534629 Ohms 10.61401 Ohms KV^2/Total Imp 6198.278 MVA 4983.979 MVA 15559.49 A 12511.24 A 1200 A 40% 480 100% 12.96624 26.06509 12.96624 20 1 sec 200msec + ZONE 3 TIME 0.375592 0.38 0.441042 0.44

Over current Current times 2 4 5 8 10 12.966

time (sec)

3.8110 1.8923 1.6263 1.2528 1.1288 1.0117

Over Current settings PLUG SETTING 100% TLS 0.38

Earth Fault Actual py ct (A) 2400 4800 6000 9600 12000 15559.488

Current times 2 4 5 8 10 20

time (sec)

4.4128 2.1911 1.8831 1.4506 1.3071 0.9976

Earth Fault settings PLUG SETTING 40% TLS 0.44

Note Setting multiplier should be less than or equal to 20

rth Fault Actual py ct (A) 960 1920 2400 3840 4800 9600

| | Power Swing Detector in GE D60 Fwd Reach = Zone 3 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 3 Reach Quad Fwd Out = 1.2 times of Fwd Reach Inner Rgt Bld = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) Outer Rgt Bld = 1.2 times of Inner Rgt Bld Inner Lft Bld = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld Outer Lft Bld = 1.2 times of Inner lft Bld Rev Reach = Zone 4 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 4 Reach Quad Rev Out = 1.2 times of Rev Reach

Zone reach 5.44 6.52 1.44 1.73 1.10 1.32 0.45 0.55

Resistive reach 1.06 1.27 1.44 1.73 1.10 1.32 0.09 0.11

Note 1. Z3 Left Bld assumed as 1 2. All Mid assumed as 0.1

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Power Swing Detector in ZLV (CGL RELAYS) |--PS Detec Enable |--PS Trip Enable |--Right Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Rgt Int Resit limit |--Right Med Resist Limit = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) |--Right Int Resist Limit |--Left Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Left Int Resist limit |--Left Med Resist Limit = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld |--Left Int Resist Limit |--Resist Limit Angle |--Forward Ext Reach = 1.2 * Forward Int Reach |--Forward Med Reach = Z3 Reach + 0.1 of Z3 Reach |--Forward Int Reach |--Reverse Ext Reach = 1.2 * Reverse Int reach |--Reverse Med Reach = Z4 Reach + 0.1 of Z4 Reach |--Reverse Int Reach |--I1 Supervision |--PS Detec Time (Seconds) |--PS Block Reset Time (Seconds) |--PS Trip Type |--Fast Trip Time (Seconds) |--PS Cond Reset Time (Seconds)

YES NO 1.73 1.44 0.50 1.32 1.10 Z3 left Bld assumed as 1.0 0.50 78.75 Z3 Line Angle 6.52 5.44 0.50 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Default 0.04 2.00 Slow 0.05 Default 0.05 Default

Resistive reach

ld assumed as 1.0

FAULT LEVEL IN MVA Name of the Substations

Phase Phase Fault level Fault level

1.Ottiyambakkam 400/230/110 KV SS 400 KV 230 KV 110 KV

16406 10714 4771

7404 7539 3536