Line 1(4)-403(401)-400KV Guindy #(reviised)

SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Type of Conductor Protected # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z1/KM Protected # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z0/KM Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of protected # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable in KM Distance of Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Total Distance of Protected # in KM Other End Substation Name Shortest # Name Shortest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z1/KM Shortest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z0/KM Distance of Shortest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable in KM Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Shortest # Total Distance in KM Longest # Name Longest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z1/KM Longest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable Z0/KM Distance of Longest # 2500 Sq mm Cu. XLPE cable in KM Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Longest # Total Distance in KM ZONE 1 (80 % impedance of the protected feeder) Z1 Py Z1 Sy Z0 Py Z0 Sy

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV GUINDY DC LINE # 2000 3636.36 0.5500 Cable / OH (R) (X) 0.2530 0.0147 0.2480 1.0000 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 8.5 KM 14.74 KM 23.24 KM 400KV GUINDY SS 400KV OTTIYAMBAKKAM DC LINE # R X 0.0147 0.2530 0.2480 1.0000 8.5 KM 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 14.74 KM KM 23.24 400KV OTTIYAMBAKKAM DC LINE # 0.0147 0.2530 0.2480 1.0000 8.5 KM 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 14.74 KM KM 23.24 0.414 0.228 4.766 2.621

5.623 3.093 18.963 10.430

ZONE 2 (100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 50% impedance of the adjacent shortest feeder)

Z 2 Py Z 2 Sy Zo Py Z0 Sy

0.776 0.427 8.937 4.915

10.543 5.798 35.555 19.555

ZONE 3 ( 100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 110% impedance of the adjacent longest feeder)

Z 3 Py Z 3 Sy Z0 Py Z0 Sy

1.087 0.598 12.512 6.881

14.760 8.118 49.777 27.378

ZONE 4 ( 25 % of Zone 1 impedance) Z 4 Py Z4 SY Z0 Py z0 Sy IMPEDANCE OF THE ENTIRE LINE TO BE PROTECTED Z1Py Z1Sy Z0Py Z0Sy EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR Zone 1 z0/z1=

0.041 0.023 0.477 0.262

0.562 0.309 1.896 1.043

0.517 0.285 5.95789638 3.276843009

7.028 3.866 23.70348 13.03692

2.394 0.6829907568

7.337 9.277518

4.488 1.280607669

13.757 17.39535

6.284 1.7928507366

19.260 24.35349

0.239 0.0682990757

0.734 0.927752

Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR zo-z1 3z1 Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1=

/230/110KV SS 2000A/1A 400KV/110V (Z) 0.253 1.030 0.332 1.064

KAM DC LINE # Z

(THETA) 86.675 76.072 85.400 75.790

THETA

KAM DC LINE #

5.638 3.101 19.553 10.754

85.790 85.790 75.891 75.891

10.571 5.814 36.661 20.164

85.790 85.790 75.891 75.891

14.800 8.140 51.326 28.229

85.790 85.790 75.891 75.891

st feeder)

st feeder)

0.564 0.310 1.955 1.075

85.790 85.790 75.891 75.891

7.047 3.876 24.441 13.442

85.790 85.790 75.891 75.891

3.468

-9.899

3.468

-9.899

3.468

-9.899

3.468

-9.899

7.718 9.303 0.830 14.471 17.442 0.830 20.259 24.419 0.830 0.772 0.930 0.830

71.930 85.790 -13.859 71.930 85.790 -13.859 71.930 85.790 -13.859 71.930 85.790 -13.859

The resistive reach is calculated with 85 % of rated voltage and 50 % of over loading condition and the power factor may be greater than 30 deg. The mimimum load impedance is calculated using the following expression. 1950 Primary full load current = Amps (Since CT Ratio is 2000/1A) CT/PT RATIO FACTOR = 0.5500 Total Length of Feeder = 23.24 Kms Z load = V min √3 * I max Z load Py =

Zload Sy =

0.85*400 KV √3*1.5*D5 A = 67.111 Ω 36.911 Ω

So the max resistive reach (Right Blinder) for phase fault distance Rph max = Zload min-0.4*Zloadmin = 22.147 Ω Maximum Resistive reach (Right Blinder) for Ground fault distance RG max = Zload min-0.2*Zloadmin = 29.529 Ω Rph min ≥ Rarc Assume If . I,e minexpected phase to phase fault current Rarc = 28710*L L= 7.8 Metre If^1.4 If= 1000 Amps = 14.130 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 Rphmin Sy >= RarcPy*CTratio/PTratio = 9.31 Ω For earth faults,the resistive reaches are calculated as follows RG Min ≥ (Rarc+Rtf)*1.2 Let Rtf = 10 Ω Primary Rarc = 28710*L L= 3.05 Metre If^1.4 If= 1000 Amps = 5.53 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 RG Min Sy>= 10.247 Ω

ZONE RESISTIVE REACH ( RIGHT BLINDERS) ARE CALCULATED AS BELOW ZONE RESISTANCE PRIMARY Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4 0.413933792 0.77612586 1.0865762 0.0413934 FOR PHASE DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

Rph (Z1) >= Rph (Z2) ≤ Rph (Z3) ≤ Rph (Z4) =

Rph min = 80% of Rph Z3= 60% of Zlmin =

9.31 Ω 17.72 Ω 22.15 Ω 22.15 Ω

R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc = R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

2.2077 Ω 2.4069 Ω 2.5776 Ω 2.0028 Ω

FOR GROUND DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

RG (Z1) >= RG (Z2) ≤ RG (Z3) ≤ RG (Z4) =

RGmin = 80 % of RG Z3 = 80% of Zlmin =

10.25 Ω 23.62 Ω 29.53 Ω 29.53 Ω

POWER SWING CALCULATIONS Delta R= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Delta X= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Biased Residual Current Threshold In> 0.1 * In + [ ( In> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] In > 38.50%

RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf =

9.0277 Ω 11.9769 Ω 14.8976 Ω 8.8228 Ω

PSB 0.77 0.77

I max Line > Phase Current threshold Min Setting = 1.2 * Max Power Swing current Max. Power Swing current = 2 * In = 2*1A=2A Min Setting = 2.4 Amps

Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR 0.7125

Biased Negative Sequence Current Threshold I2> 0.1 * In + [ ( I2> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR I2 > 24.25% 0.7125

Consolidated Settings SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Total Distance of Protected # in KM Zone Settings Z1 Sy Z 2 Sy Z 3 Sy Z4 SY Total Line Impedence (SY) Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 z0/z1= Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV GUINDY DC LINE # 2000.00 3636.36 0.5500 23.24 R X Z 0.2277 3.0925 3.1009 0.4269 5.7984 5.8141 0.5976 8.1178 8.1398 0.0228 0.3093 0.3101 0.2846 3.8656 3.8761 Z

Z

Zload Sy =

THETA 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896

THETA 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 K value in THETA R+jX Rectangular 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 36.91 Ω

Phase Resistive Reach (Secondary) R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = 2.2077 Ω R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = 2.4069 Ω R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc =

2.5776 Ω

R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

2.0028 Ω

Ground Resistive Reach (Secondary) RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = 9.0277 Ω RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 11.9769 Ω RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 14.8976 Ω RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 8.8228 Ω

Delta R

PSB Delta X 0.77 0.77

RZLV set in the relay (ohms/loop) 16.63 22.06 27.45 16.25

*** Note Z3 is more than Zload Sy so Z3 Can be set to less than Zload Sy

K value in Polar 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944

R(zlv)={R(ohms/ph) * sin[pi-arg(Z1n)]} / {[ IKI * sin [ arg (Z1n) - arg ( IKI)]} Where K = 1/ { 1 + [1/3] * [Kon-1]} RZLV is the ground resistive reach to set in the relay (ohms/loop) RΩ/PH is the ground resistive reach in ohms/phase arg(Z1n) is the angle of positive sequence impedance for zone n (n=1...5)

e relay (ohms/loop)

K0n=Z0n/Z1nis the zero sequence compensation factor set for zone n in the relay: the module is set dire The ground resistive limiters cross the R-axis with an angle equal to arg(Z1n). - Reactive line angle: it is equal to arg(k)

- Directional line angle: it is equal to the setting (Quadrilateral Characteristic Directional Line Angle) plu

Consolidated Settings SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Total Distance of Protected # in KM Zone Settings Z1 Sy Z 2 Sy Z 3 Sy Z4 SY Total Line Impedence (SY) Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 z0/z1= Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV GUINDY DC LINE # 2000.00 3636.36 0.5500 23.24 R X Z 0.2277 3.0925 3.1009 0.4269 5.7984 5.8141 0.5976 8.1178 8.1398 0.0228 0.3093 0.3101 0.2846 3.8656 3.8761 Z

THETA 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896 85.7896

THETA 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 0.8296 -13.8593 K value in THETA R+jX Rectangular 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272 3.4680 -9.8987 3.416407530.54724272

Z

Zload Sy =

36.91 Ω

Phase Resistive Reach (Secondary) R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = 9.3060 Ω R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = 17.7173 Ω R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc =

22.1466 Ω

R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

22.1466 Ω

Ground Resistive Reach (Secondary) RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = 10.2465 Ω RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 23.6230 Ω RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 29.5288 Ω RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 29.5288 Ω

Delta R

PSB Delta X 0.77 0.77

RZLV set in the relay (ohms/loop) 18.88 43.52 54.40 54.40

*** Note Z3 is more than Zload Sy so Z3 Can be set to less than Zload Sy

K value in Polar 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944 0.5505477 6.2811944

R(zlv)={R(ohms/ph) * sin[pi-arg(Z1n)]} / {[ IKI * sin [ arg (Z1n) - arg ( IKI)]} Where K = 1/ { 1 + [1/3] * [Kon-1]} RZLV is the ground resistive reach to set in the relay (ohms/loop) RΩ/PH is the ground resistive reach in ohms/phase arg(Z1n) is the angle of positive sequence impedance for zone n (n=1...5)

e relay (ohms/loop)

K0n=Z0n/Z1nis the zero sequence compensation factor set for zone n in the relay: the module is set dire The ground resistive limiters cross the R-axis with an angle equal to arg(Z1n). - Reactive line angle: it is equal to arg(k)

- Directional line angle: it is equal to the setting (Quadrilateral Characteristic Directional Line Angle) plu

Sub Station Feeder System Voltage Fault MVA 3Ph Fault MVA 1Ph CT RATIO PT RATIO Line Imp IN Primary Line Current Carring Capacity CT/PT RATIO PH-PH Source Imp Total Imp Fault MVA at end of the line Fault Current Relay Plug setting Setting Multiplier Time Required TLS

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS

400KV GUINDY DC LINE # 230 KV 10714 MVA 7539 MVA 1200 1A 230000 110 V 7.047443 Ohms 855 A LINE 855 0.7125 0.573913 CABLE 855 0.7125 E/F KV^2/MVA 4.937465 Ohms 7.016846 Ohms 11.98491 Ohms 14.06429 Ohms KV^2/Total Imp 4413.885 MVA 3761.299 MVA 11080.14 A 9441.961 A 1200 A 40% 480 100% 9.23345 19.67075 9.23345 19.67075 1 sec 200msec + ZONE 3 TIME 0.324712 0.32 0.438525 0.44

Over current Current times 2 4 5 8 10 9.233

time (sec)

3.2093 1.5935 1.3695 1.0550 0.9506 0.9855

Over Current settings PLUG SETTING 100% TLS 0.32

Earth Fault Actual py ct (A) 2400 4800 6000 9600 12000 11080.140

Current times 2 4 5 8 10 19.6707511493

time (sec)

4.4128 2.1911 1.8831 1.4506 1.3071 1.0034

Earth Fault settings PLUG SETTING 40% TLS 0.44

Note Setting multiplier should be less than or equal to 20

rth Fault Actual py ct (A) 960 1920 2400 3840 4800 9441.9605516836

| | Power Swing Detector in GE D60 Fwd Reach = Zone 3 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 3 Reach Quad Fwd Out = 1.2 times of Fwd Reach Inner Rgt Bld = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) Outer Rgt Bld = 1.2 times of Inner Rgt Bld Inner Lft Bld = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld Outer Lft Bld = 1.2 times of Inner lft Bld Rev Reach = Zone 4 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 4 Reach Quad Rev Out = 1.2 times of Rev Reach

Zone reach 8.95 10.74 2.84 3.40 1.10 1.32 0.34 0.41

Resistive reach 0.66 0.79 2.84 3.40 1.10 1.32 0.03 0.03

Note 1. Z3 Left Bld assumed as 1 2. All Mid assumed as 0.1

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Power Swing Detector in ZLV (CGL RELAYS) |--PS Detec Enable |--PS Trip Enable |--Right Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Rgt Int Resit limit |--Right Med Resist Limit = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) |--Right Int Resist Limit |--Left Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Left Int Resist limit |--Left Med Resist Limit = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld |--Left Int Resist Limit |--Resist Limit Angle |--Forward Ext Reach = 1.2 * Forward Int Reach |--Forward Med Reach = Z3 Reach + 0.1 of Z3 Reach |--Forward Int Reach |--Reverse Ext Reach = 1.2 * Reverse Int reach |--Reverse Med Reach = Z4 Reach + 0.1 of Z4 Reach |--Reverse Int Reach |--I1 Supervision |--PS Detec Time (Seconds) |--PS Block Reset Time (Seconds) |--PS Trip Type |--Fast Trip Time (Seconds) |--PS Cond Reset Time (Seconds)

YES NO 3.40 2.84 0.50 1.32 1.10 Z3 left Bld assumed as 1.0 0.50 85.79 Z3 Line Angle 10.74 8.95 0.50 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Default 0.04 2.00 Slow 0.05 Default 0.05 Default

Resistive reach

ld assumed as 1.0

FAULT LEVEL IN MVA Name of the Substations

Phase Phase Fault level Fault level

1.Ottiyambakkam 400/230/110 KV SS 400 KV 230 KV 110 KV

16406 10714 4771

7404 7539 3536