Line 1(2)-406(404)-400KV Kalivanthapattu#(revised)

SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Type of Conductor Protected # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z1/KM Protected # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z0/KM Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of Protected # Quadruple ACSR Moose in KM Distance of Protected # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Total Distance of Protected # in KM Other End Substation Name Shortest # Name Shortest # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z1/KM Shortest # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z0/KM Distance of Shortest # Quadruple ACSR Moose in KM Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of Shortest # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Shortest # Total Distance in KM Longest # Name Longest # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z1/KM Longest # Quadruple ACSR Moose Z0/KM Distance of Longest # Quadruple ACSR Moose in KM Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z1/ KM Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR Z0 /KM Distance of Longest # Twin Moose, ACSR in KM Longest # Total Distance in KM ZONE 1 (80 % impedance of the protected feeder) Z1 Py Z1 Sy Z0 Py Z0 Sy

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV KALIVANTHAPATTU # 2000 2000A/1A 3636.36 230KV/110V 0.5500 OH 0.0147 0.2530 0.2480 1.0000 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 26.811 KM 0 KM 26.811 KM 400KV KALIVANTHAPATTU SS 400KV OTTIYAMBAKKAM DC LINE # R X Z 0.0147 0.2530 0.2480 1.0000 26.811 KM 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 KM 0 KM 26.811 400KV PHUGALORE DC LINE# (362 KM) 0.0147 0.2530 0.2480 1.0000 181 KM Note : Since DC L 0.0266 0.3309 0.2612 1.0314 KM 0 KM 181 0.315 0.173 5.319 2.926

5.427 2.985 21.449 11.797

5.436 2.990 22.099 12.154

ZONE 2 (100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 50% impedance of the adjacent shortest feeder) (19.62% OF Auto

Z 2 Py Z 2 Sy Zo Py Z0 Sy

0.591 0.325 9.974 5.486

10.175 5.596 40.217 22.119

10.192 5.606 41.435 22.789

ZONE 3 ( 100 % impedance of the protected feeder + 36% impedance of the adjacent longest feeder) (95.38% of Auto T

Z 3 Py Z 3 Sy Z0 Py Z0 Sy

1.352 0.744 22.809 12.545

23.269 12.798 91.971 50.584

23.308 12.819 94.757 52.116

ZONE 4 ( 25 % of Zone 1 impedance) Z 4 Py Z4 SY Z0 Py z0 Sy IMPEDANCE OF THE ENTIRE LINE TO BE PROTECTED Z1Py Z1Sy Z0Py Z0Sy EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR Zone 1 z0/z1=

0.032 0.017 0.532 0.293

0.543 0.298 2.145 1.180

0.544 0.299 2.210 1.215

0.394 0.217 6.649128 3.6570204

6.783 3.731 26.811 14.74605

6.795 3.737 27.623 15.193 4.065

Zone 2 z0/z1=

4.065

Zone 3 z0/z1=

4.065

Zone 4 z0/z1=

4.065

EARTH COMPENSATION FACTOR zo-z1 3z1 Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= zo-z1 3z1 Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1=

2.752 0.520240644

8.812 8.953802

5.160 0.9754512075

16.523 16.78838

11.801 2.230756605

37.786 38.39329

0.275 0.0520240644

0.881 0.89538

9.232 8.969 1.029 17.310 16.817 1.029 39.586 38.458 1.029 0.923 0.897 1.029

Kms

THETA

Since DC Line half the distance taken

86.675 86.675 76.072 76.072

.62% OF Auto Trafo)

86.675 86.675 76.072 76.072

38% of Auto Trafo)

86.675 86.675 76.072 76.072

86.675 86.675 76.072 76.072

86.675 86.675 76.072 76.072 -10.603 -10.603 -10.603 -10.603

72.656 86.675 -14.019 72.656 86.675 -14.019 72.656 86.675 -14.019 72.656 86.675 -14.019

The resistive reach is calculated with 85 % of rated voltage and 50 % of over loading condition and the power factor may be greater than 30 deg. The mimimum load impedance is calculated using the following expression. 1950 Primary full load current = Amps (Since CT Ratio is 2000/1A) CT/PT RATIO FACTOR = 0.5500 Total Length of Feeder = 26.811 Kms Z load = V min √3 * I max Z load Py =

Zload Sy =

0.85*400 KV √3*1.5*D5 A = 67.111 Ω 36.911 Ω

So the max resistive reach (Right Blinder) for phase fault distance Rph max = Zload min-0.4*Zloadmin = 22.147 Ω Maximum Resistive reach (Right Blinder) for Ground fault distance RG max = Zload min-0.2*Zloadmin = 29.529 Ω Rph min ≥ Rarc Assume If . I,e minexpected phase to phase fault current Rarc = 28710*L L= 7.8 Metre If^1.4 If= 1000 Amps = 14.130 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 Rphmin Sy >= RarcPy*CTratio/PTratio = 9.31 Ω For earth faults,the resistive reaches are calculated as follows RG Min ≥ (Rarc+Rtf)*1.2 Let Rtf = 10 Ω Primary Rarc = 28710*L L= 3.05 Metre If^1.4 If= 1000 Amps = 5.53 Ω Assume Rarc=0.6 RG Min Sy>= 10.247 Ω

ZONE RESISTIVE REACH ( RIGHT BLINDERS) ARE CALCULATED AS BELOW ZONE RESISTANCE PRIMARY Zone-1 Zone-2 Zone-3 Zone-4 0.31529736 0.59118255 1.3519737 0.0315297 FOR PHASE DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

Rph (Z1) >= Rph (Z2) ≤ Rph (Z3) ≤ Rph (Z4) =

Rph min = 80% of Rph Z3= 60% of Zlmin =

9.31 Ω 17.72 Ω 22.15 Ω 22.15 Ω

R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc = R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

2.1534 Ω 2.3052 Ω 2.7236 Ω 1.9973 Ω

FOR GROUND DISTANCE (Res. Reach Secondary) LEFT BLINDERS FROM QUAD CHARACTERISTICS

RG (Z1) >= RG (Z2) ≤ RG (Z3) ≤ RG (Z4) =

RGmin = 80 % of RG Z3 = 80% of Zlmin =

10.25 Ω 23.62 Ω 29.53 Ω 29.53 Ω

POWER SWING CALCULATIONS Delta R= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Delta X= 10-30% of R3ph (We take 30%) Biased Residual Current Threshold In> 0.1 * In + [ ( In> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] In > 38.50%

RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf =

8.9734 Ω 11.8752 Ω 15.0436 Ω 8.8173 Ω

PSB 0.82 0.82

I max Line > Phase Current threshold Min Setting = 1.2 * Max Power Swing current Max. Power Swing current = 2 * In = 2*1A=2A Min Setting = 2.4 Amps

Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR 0.7125

Biased Negative Sequence Current Threshold I2> 0.1 * In + [ ( I2> / 100 ) * ( Imax ) ] Imax=Max.Cur. Car. Capacity*CTR I2 > 24.25% 0.7125

Consolidated Settings SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Total Distance of Protected # in KM Zone Settings Z1 Sy Z 2 Sy Z 3 Sy Z4 SY Total Line Impedence (SY) Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 z0/z1= Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV KALIVANTHAPATTU # 2000.00 3636.36 0.5500 26.811 R X Z 0.1734 2.9846 2.9896 0.3252 5.5961 5.6056 0.7436 12.7978 12.8193 0.0173 0.2985 0.2990 0.2168 3.7308 3.7370 Z

Z

Zload Sy =

THETA 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747

THETA 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 K value in THETA R+jX Rectangular 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 36.91 Ω

Phase Resistive Reach (Secondary) R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = 2.1534 Ω R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = 2.3052 Ω R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc =

2.7236 Ω

R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

1.9973 Ω

Ground Resistive Reach (Secondary) RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = 8.9734 Ω RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 11.8752 Ω RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 15.0436 Ω RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 8.8173 Ω

Delta R

PSB Delta X 0.82 0.82

RZLV set in the relay (ohms/loop) 18.35 24.28 30.76 18.03

*** Note Z3 is more than Zload Sy so Z3 Can be set to less than Zload Sy

K value in Polar 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396

R(zlv)={R(ohms/ph) * sin[pi-arg(Z1n)]} / {[ IKI * sin [ arg (Z1n) - arg ( IKI)]} Where K = 1/ { 1 + [1/3] * [Kon-1]} RZLV is the ground resistive reach to set in the relay (ohms/loop) RΩ/PH is the ground resistive reach in ohms/phase arg(Z1n) is the angle of positive sequence impedance for zone n (n=1...5)

e relay (ohms/loop)

K0n=Z0n/Z1nis the zero sequence compensation factor set for zone n in the relay: the module is set dire The ground resistive limiters cross the R-axis with an angle equal to arg(Z1n). - Reactive line angle: it is equal to arg(k)

- Directional line angle: it is equal to the setting (Quadrilateral Characteristic Directional Line Angle) plu

Consolidated Settings SUBSTATION NAME FEEDER NAME CT RATIO PT RATIO CT/PT RATIO FACTOR Total Distance of Protected # in KM Zone Settings Z1 Sy Z 2 Sy Z 3 Sy Z4 SY Total Line Impedence (SY) Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 2 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 3 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone 4 (z0-z1)/3*z1= Zone Compensation Factor (Kn) Zone 1 z0/z1= Zone 2 z0/z1= Zone 3 z0/z1= Zone 4 z0/z1=

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS 400KV KALIVANTHAPATTU # 2000.00 3636.36 0.5500 26.811 R X Z 0.1734 2.9846 2.9896 0.3252 5.5961 5.6056 0.7436 12.7978 12.8193 0.0173 0.2985 0.2990 0.2168 3.7308 3.7370 Z

THETA 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747 86.6747

THETA 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 1.0293 -14.0191 K value in THETA R+jX Rectangular 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262 4.0654 -10.6030 3.996033320.49266262

Z

Zload Sy =

36.91 Ω

Phase Resistive Reach (Secondary) R1ph = Zone1 Res.+ Rarc = 9.3060 Ω R2ph = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc = 17.7173 Ω R3ph = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc =

22.1466 Ω

R4ph = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc =

22.1466 Ω

Ground Resistive Reach (Secondary) RG1 = Zone1 Res + Rarc +Rtf = 10.2465 Ω RG2 = Zone2 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 23.6230 Ω RG3 = Zone3 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 29.5288 Ω RG4 = Zone4 Res.+ Rarc +Rtf = 29.5288 Ω

Delta R

PSB Delta X 0.82 0.82

RZLV set in the relay (ohms/loop) 20.95 48.30 60.37 60.37

*** Note Z3 is more than Zload Sy so Z3 Can be set to less than Zload Sy

K value in Polar 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396 0.4964819 7.111396

R(zlv)={R(ohms/ph) * sin[pi-arg(Z1n)]} / {[ IKI * sin [ arg (Z1n) - arg ( IKI)]} Where K = 1/ { 1 + [1/3] * [Kon-1]} RZLV is the ground resistive reach to set in the relay (ohms/loop) RΩ/PH is the ground resistive reach in ohms/phase arg(Z1n) is the angle of positive sequence impedance for zone n (n=1...5)

e relay (ohms/loop)

K0n=Z0n/Z1nis the zero sequence compensation factor set for zone n in the relay: the module is set dire The ground resistive limiters cross the R-axis with an angle equal to arg(Z1n). - Reactive line angle: it is equal to arg(k)

- Directional line angle: it is equal to the setting (Quadrilateral Characteristic Directional Line Angle) plu

Sub Station Feeder System Voltage Fault MVA 3Ph Fault MVA 1Ph CT RATIO PT RATIO Line Imp IN Primary Line Current Carring Capacity CT/PT RATIO PH-PH Source Imp Total Imp Fault MVA at end of the line Fault Current Relay Plug setting Setting Multiplier Time Required TLS

OTTIYABAKKAM 400/230/110KV SS

400KV KALIVANTHAPATTU # 230 KV 10714 MVA 7539 MVA 1200 1A 230000 110 V 6.794623 Ohms 855 A LINE 855 0.7125 0.573913 CABLE 855 0.7125 E/F KV^2/MVA 4.937465 Ohms 7.016846 Ohms 11.73209 Ohms 13.81147 Ohms KV^2/Total Imp 4509.001 MVA 3830.15 MVA 11318.91 A 9614.796 A 1200 A 40% 480 100% 9.432426 20.03083 9.432426 20 1 sec 200msec + ZONE 3 TIME 0.327897 0.33 0.441042 0.44

Over current Current times 2 4 5 8 10 9.432

time (sec)

3.3096 1.6433 1.4123 1.0879 0.9803 1.0064

Over Current settings PLUG SETTING 100% TLS 0.33

Earth Fault Actual py ct (A) 2400 4800 6000 9600 12000 11318.911

Current times 2 4 5 8 10 20

time (sec)

4.4128 2.1911 1.8831 1.4506 1.3071 0.9976

Earth Fault settings PLUG SETTING 40% TLS 0.44

Note Setting multiplier should be less than or equal to 20

rth Fault Actual py ct (A) 960 1920 2400 3840 4800 9600

| | Power Swing Detector in GE D60 Fwd Reach = Zone 3 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 3 Reach Quad Fwd Out = 1.2 times of Fwd Reach Inner Rgt Bld = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) Outer Rgt Bld = 1.2 times of Inner Rgt Bld Inner Lft Bld = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld Outer Lft Bld = 1.2 times of Inner lft Bld Rev Reach = Zone 4 Reach + 0.1 of Zone 4 Reach Quad Rev Out = 1.2 times of Rev Reach

Zone reach 14.10 16.92 3.00 3.60 1.10 1.32 0.33 0.39

Resistive reach 0.82 0.98 3.00 3.60 1.10 1.32 0.02 0.02

Note 1. Z3 Left Bld assumed as 1 2. All Mid assumed as 0.1

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Power Swing Detector in ZLV (CGL RELAYS) |--PS Detec Enable |--PS Trip Enable |--Right Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Rgt Int Resit limit |--Right Med Resist Limit = Rph (Z3)+ 0.1 of Rph (Z3) |--Right Int Resist Limit |--Left Ext Resist Limit = 1.2 * Left Int Resist limit |--Left Med Resist Limit = Z3 left Bld + 0.1 of Z3 left Bld |--Left Int Resist Limit |--Resist Limit Angle |--Forward Ext Reach = 1.2 * Forward Int Reach |--Forward Med Reach = Z3 Reach + 0.1 of Z3 Reach |--Forward Int Reach |--Reverse Ext Reach = 1.2 * Reverse Int reach |--Reverse Med Reach = Z4 Reach + 0.1 of Z4 Reach |--Reverse Int Reach |--I1 Supervision |--PS Detec Time (Seconds) |--PS Block Reset Time (Seconds) |--PS Trip Type |--Fast Trip Time (Seconds) |--PS Cond Reset Time (Seconds)

YES NO 3.60 3.00 0.50 1.32 1.10 Z3 left Bld assumed as 1.0 0.50 86.67 Z3 Line Angle 16.92 14.10 0.50 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Default 0.04 2.00 Slow 0.05 Default 0.05 Default

Resistive reach

ld assumed as 1.0

FAULT LEVEL IN MVA Name of the Substations

Phase Phase Fault level Fault level

1.Ottiyambakkam 400/230/110 KV SS 400 KV 230 KV 110 KV

16406 10714 4771

7404 7539 3536