Linde Operator Manual (3508043301) 350-03D H16 Through H20C-600 1202-US (350 - 03 - 1202gb)
June 1, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download Linde Operator Manual (3508043301) 350-03D H16 Through H20C-600 1202-US (350 - 03 - 1202gb)...
Description
CAE@F CANP P_VML P _VML MG_R M G_R.
I KFKOF_ GN PJF CAE@F D_GVR
AM ]at-@gwe _a`fr Prumls _a `fr Prumls
]INFPQ PAR] ie` i dua`f tg tjf
Aengrkitage Rcitfs, Gpfritage ie` Tireaed @fmics ngue` ge ygur truml 9>9142
Nforuiry ?22=
]INFPQ PAR]
Ngrfwgr` Pjas Gpfritgr's Kieuic as egt i triaeaed kieuic. At as i dua`f tg jfcp Gpfritgrs sinfcy gpfritf tjfar fquapkfet oy pgaetaed gut tjf mgrrfmt kftjg`s ie` prgmf`urfs. Pjf Gpfritgr's Kieuic mieegt mgvfr fvfry pgssaocf jizir` gr pgtfetaic imma`fet satuitage. At as up tg ygu, tjf Gpfritgr, tg ivga` gr mgrrfmt tjfsf pgtfetaic pgtfetai c `iedfrs. At as akpgrtiet tjit ygu legw ie` ue`frstie` tjf aengrkitage ae tjas kieuic is wfcc is tjf fquapkfet ygu wacc of gpfritaed. @g egt gpfritf i `ikidf` gr kicnuemtageaed truml. Rrimtamf sinf gpfritage fvfry takf ygu usf ygur cant truml sg tjit wf mie hgae tgdftjfr tg sft jadj stie`ir`s ngr sinfty sinfty.. Pjf cant truml as `fsadef` ngr cantaed ie` triespgrtaed gn piccfts gr cgi`s gn kitfraic. Pjf truml as `fsadef` ngr gpfritage ge skggtj ie` `ry surnimfs. surnimfs . Pjf truml jis tjf ioacaty tg mcako gr `fsmfe` skggtj ie` `ry rikps watj gr watjgut i cgi`. Fesurf ygu usf tjf truml gecy ngr tjf hgo at wis aetfe`f` tg `g. EGPF8 Pjf `fsmraptages ie` spfmanamitages aemcu`f` ae tjas kieuic wfrf ae fnnfmt it tjf takf gn praetaed. Cae`f Cant Pruml Mgrpgritage rfsfrvfs tjf radjt tg kilf akprgvfkfets ie` mjiedfs ae spfmanamitages gr `fsade watjgut egtamf ie` watjgut aemurraed gocaditage. Rcfisf mjfml watj ygur iutjgrazf` Cae`f `ficfr ngr aengrkitage ge pgssaocf up`itfs gr rfvasages. _fducir mirf ie` kiaetfeiemf gn ygur truml as egt gecy akpgrtiet ngr nucc ie` fnnamafet truml canf, at as fssfetaic ngr fquapkfet ie` Gpfritgr sinfty. Pjf akpgrtiemf gn kiaetiaeaed kiaetiaeae d tjf truml ae i sinf gpfritaed mge`atage watj rfducir pcieef` sfrvamaed ie` prgkpt rfpiars wjfe efmfssiry mieegt of fkpjisazf` tgg strgedcy s trgedcy.. Fxpfrafemf jis sjgwe tjit pgwfrf` ae`ustraic trumls mie miusf aehury an akprgpfrcy usf` gr kiaetiae kiaetiaef`. f`. Pg issast ae lffpaed ygur truml ae sfrvamf ie` ae dgg` gpfritaed mge`atage, i Kiaetfeiemf sfmtage as aemcu`f` ae tjas kieuic. Pjf sfmtage gutcaefs kiaetfeiemf kiaetfeie mf ie` aespfmtage prgmf`urfs prgmf`ur fs tg of `gef it rfducir aetfrvics. Pjfsf prgmf`urfs irf mgesa`frf` mges a`frf` fssfetaic tg tjf canf ie` sinf pfrngrkiemf gn ygur truml. Pjf ngccgwaed jadjcadjtf` `iti ie` aengrkitage irf usf` ae tjas kieuic tg fesurf sinf gpfritaed ie` kiaetfeiemf prgmf`urfs. Jff` tjfk.
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]INFPQ PAR]
EGPF8 Ae`amitfs aengrkitage gr pgaets gn pirtamucir aetfrfst ngr kgrf fnnamafet ie` mgevfeafet gpfritage. Pjas kieuic mgetiaes gpfritaed ie` pfrag`am kiaetfeiemf aestrumtages is wfcc is spfmanamitages ngr tjf cant truml. Pjf kieuic as `fsadef` tg issast ae tjf prgpfr mirf ie` kiaetfeiemf gn ygur truml wjacf prgva`aed kixakuk sinfty ie` fnnamafet gpfritage. Mgesa`fr tjas kieuic i spfmaic tggc wjamj, an prgpfrcy ippcaf`, mie jfcp fesurf yfirs gn sinf ie` fnnamafet kitfraic jie`caed. ji e`caed. Qgur Qgur cgmic `ficfr gr tjf nimtgry ni mtgry mie irriedf irr iedf ngr Gpfritgr triaeaed ie`/gr kiaetfeiemf kiaetfeiemf aestrumtages ngr ygur truml sjguc` ygu eff` tjfk.
Rirts ie` ]frvamf ]ff ygur Cae`f `ficfr ngr dfeuaef Cae`f pirts (tjf gecy nimtgry-iutjgrazf` rfpcimfkfets), nimtgry-triaef` sfrvamf pfrsgeefc pfr sgeefc ie` kieuics ngr ygur fquapkfet.
Dfefric ]infty _ucfs ]infty sades ie` kfssidfs irf pcimf` ae tjas kieuic ie` ge tjf truml tg prgva`f aestrumtages aestrumtage s ie` a`fetany spfmanam irfis wjfrf pgtfetaic jizir`s fxast ie` spfmaic prfmiutages sjguc` of tilfe. tilfe. Legw ie` ue`frstie` tjf kf kfieaed ieaed gn tjfsf aestrumtage aestrumtages, s, sades, ie` kfssidfs. kfssidfs. @ikidf tg tjf truml, `fi `fitj tj gr sfragus aehury tg ygu gr gtjfrs kiy rfsuct an tjfsf kfssidfs irf egt ngccgwf `.
AE@AMIPF] I RGPFEPAICCQ JIXI_@GV] ]APVIPAGE, TJAMJ AN EGP I^GA@F@, KIQ _F]VCP AE KAEG_ G_ KG@F_IPF AEHV_Q. AP KIQ IC]G _F]VCP AE @IKIDF PG QGV_ KIMJAEF.
AE@AMIPF] I RGPFEPAICCQ JIXI_@GV] ]APVIPAGE TJAMJ AN EGP I^GA@F@ MGVC@ _F]VCP AE @FIPJ G_ ]F_AGV] AEHV_Q.
@IEDF_ AE@AMIPF] IE AKKAEFEPCQ JIXI_@GV] ]APVIPAGE TJAMJ AN EGP I^GA@F@ TACC _F]VCP AE @FIPJ G_ ]F_AGV] AEHV_Q. Qgu, is tjf Gpfritgr, irf uctakitfcy rfspgesaocf ngr ygur gwe sinfty ie` tjf sinfty gn tjgsf irgue` ygu. _fi` ie` ]tu`y ]tu`y tjas kieuic. Of surf tg ue`frstie` icc tjf gpfritaed prgmf`urfs ie` sinfty prfmiutages ofngrf gpfritaed tjf truml.
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]INFPQ PAR]
Pjf Gmmupitageic ]infty ie` Jfictj Imt (G]JI) stitfs, –Pjf fkpcgyfr fkpcgyf r sjicc fesurf tjit fimj pgwfrf` ae`ustraic truml gpfritgr as mgkpftfet tg gpfritf i pgwfrf` ae`ustraic truml sinfcy, is `fkgestrit `fkgestritf` f` oy tjf summfssnuc mgkpcftage gn tjf triaeaed ie` fvicuitage spfmanaf` ae tjas piridripj.‛ @g egt ittfkpt tg gpfritf tjas truml uecfss ygu irf nuccy triaef` ie` iutjgrazf`. Ofngrf Gpfritage Ofngrf usaed tjf truml, aespfmt ygur wgrl irfi. Mjfml tjit at as efit, wfcc cat, i`fquitfcy vfetacitf`, ie` nrff nrgk jizir`gus kitfraic. Iascfs ie` rgi`wiys sjguc` of uegostrumtf` uegostrumtf ` ie` wfcc kirlf`. Narf fxtaeduasjfrs ie` gtjfr fkfrdfemy fquapkfet sjguc` of vasaocf ie` fisy tg rfimj. Tfir sinfty fquapkfet wjfe rfquarf`. @ge‑t skglf ae –Eg ]kglaed‛ irfis, wjfe rfnufcaed. @ge‑t kax `ruds gr icmgjgc watj ygur hgo. Pjf truml as `fsadef` ngr sinfty. Veiutjgrazf` i``atages gr kg`anamitages watjgut kg`anamitages watjgut Cae`f‑s ipprgvic irf prgjaoatf` prgjaoatf`.. @g egt rfkgvf gr ictfr eikfpcitfs. An ygu jivf iey qufstages gr mgemfres iogut cant truml sinfty, ticl ticl tg ygur supfrvasgr. An ie imma`fet sjguc` gmmur, rfpgrt at akkf`aitfcy.
]tirt ]tirt tjf fedaef gecy wjfe sfmurfcy sfitf` ae tjf gpfritgr‑s gpfritgr ‑s mgkpirtkfet.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@g egt rfkgvf iey sinfty duir`s gr gtjfr sinfty `fvamfs. Pjfsf aemcu`f tjf Gvfrjfi` Duir`, Cgi` Oimlrfst Fxtfesage, ie` an fquappf` oy tjf Gwefr, icirk, cadjts ie` karrgrs. Pjf Gvfrjfi` Duir` as aetfe`f` tg prgva`f prgtfmtage tg tjf Gpfritgr nrgk niccaed gohfmts, out mieegt prgtfmt nrgk fvfry pgssaocf akpimt.
Mjfmlcast ngr AM ]at-`gwe Pr Prumls umls
GRF_IPG_‑] @IACQ MJFMLCA]P It tjf ofdaeeaed gn fimj sjant, aespfmt ygur truml oy usaed tjf Cae`f Gpfritgr‑s @iacy Mjfmlcast . Mjfml ngr `ikidf ie` kiaetfeiemf prgocfks. Jivf rfpiars ki`f Mjfmlcast ofngrf ygu gpfritf tjf truml.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@g egt kilf rfpiars ygursfcn. Cant truml kfmjieams irf triaef` prgnfssageics. Pjfy legw jgw tg kilf rfpiars. Rfrag`am kiaetfeiemf as vatic tg sinf gpfritage gn tjf truml. I`jfrf tg i stramt aespfmtage, cuoramitage, ie` kiaetfeiemf smjf`ucf. Iccgw gecy iutjgrazf` pfrsgeefc tg wgrl ge tjf truml.
@g egt gpfritf i `ikidf` gr `fnfmtavf cant.
An wireaed `fmics irf `ikidf` gr kassaed, tjfy kust of rfpcimf`. Legw ygur Pruml‑s mipimaty. Pjf mipimaty gn ygur truml as castf` ge tjf Mipimaty Rcitf. _fi` ie` ue`frstie` tjf Mipimaty Rcitf. Pjf mipimaty gn ygur truml as castf` ge tjf @iti Rcitf. Efvfr ittfkpt tg cant gr triespgrt i cgi` fxmff`aed tjf truml‑s ritf` mipimaty.
Efvfr ittfkpt tg cant gr triespgrt i cgi` fxmff`aed tjf trumls ritf` mipimaty.
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]INFPQ PAR]
RF@F]P_AIE] Titmj gut ngr pf`fstraies. Icwiys yafc` tjf radjt-gn-wiy tg pf`fstraies. @g egt `ravf tjf trumltruml up tgtrivfcaed ieygef stie`aed sti e`aed ae nrget gn i riml riitmlie graetfrsfmtage, gtjfr naxf` gohfmt. gohfmt @g egt piss iegtjfr ae tjf sikf `arfmtage ocae`.spgt gr gtjfr `iedfrgus cgmitage. ]gue` jgre it aetfrsfmtage aetfrsfmtages s ie` gtjfr cgmitages wjfrf vasage as gostrumtf`. gostrumtf `. Icwiys cggl ae tjf `arfmtage gn trivfc.
An ygur vasage as rfstramtf`, rfstramtf`, tjfe gpfritf tjf truml truml ae rfvfrsf. Of surf tg pavgt ae ygur sfit tg tjf radjt tg prgva`f kixakuk vasaoacaty tg tjf rfir.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@g egt fedidf ae stuet `ravaed gr jgrsfpciy. Vsf cadjts ae `irl ie` `ak irfis. Icwiys fesurf tjit tjfrf irf eg pf`fstraies ae tjf trumls rfir swaed irfi ofngrf tureaed. Titmj ngr pf`fstraies ofsa`f tjf truml.
@IEDF_ Titmj ngr pfgpcf ae ygur wgrl irfi ir fi ofmiusf tjfy kiy egt witmj witm j ngr ygu, fvfe an ygu jivf cadjts gr icirks.
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]INFPQ PAR]
GRF_IPAED RG]APAGE Nimf tjf truml wjfe kguetaed ie` `askguetaed. Kiaetiae i tjrff-pgaet mgetimt, gef nggt ie` twg jie`s watj tjf truml wjfe kguetaed gr `askguetaed. Efvfr fxat i kgvaed truml. Efvfr hukp hukp ge gr gnn tjf truml.
Gpfritf tjf truml gecy wjfe ygu irf ae tjf egrkic gpfritaed pgsatage. Lffp jie`s ie` nfft aesa`f tjf Gpfritgr‑s Mgkpirtkfet.
TI_EAED 9016>1
LFFR JIE@] MCFI_. ]F_AGV] AEHV_Q MGVC@ _F]VCP.
Lffp jie`s, nfft ie` cfds gut gn tjf upradjt.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@IEDF_ Efvfr iccgw ieygef tg wicl ue`fr riasf` ngrls. ngrl s.
Tfir ygur sfit ofct it icc takfs wjfe gpfritaed tjf truml.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@g egt pcimf ygursfcn oftwffe tjf kist ie` tjf og`y gn tjf truml. @g egt usf tjf upradjt is i ci``fr. ci``fr. @g egt triespgrt pfrsgeefc it iey takf. @g egt cant pfrsgeefc usaed tjf ngrls gn tjf truml, gr watj i wgrl pcitngrk. Pjf truml as egt `fsadef` tg cant pfrsgeefc.
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]INFPQ PAR]
P_I^FC Pjf truml as `fsadef` ngr gpfritage ge skggtj, ie` `ry surnimfs sumj is wirfjgusf ie` nimtgry ncggrs, cgi`aed `gmls gr pivf` surnimfs. Ve`fr icc trivfc mge`atages, gpfritf tjf truml it i spff` tjit wacc pfrkat pfr kat at tg of orgudjt tg i stgp ae i sinf kieefr.
@g egt trivfc it fxmfssavf spff`s< lffp ygur truml ue`fr mgetrgc it icc takfs.
Privfc watj tjf cgi` efir tjf ncggr, tactf` oiml tg mri`cf tjf cgi` wjfefvfr wjfefv fr pgssaocf. Efvfr cant gr cgwfr tjf cgi` wjfe tjf truml as ae kgtage. Tjfe jie`caed oucly cgi`s tjit rfstramt ygur vasage gpfritf ygur truml ae rfvfrsf tg akprgvf vasaoacaty vasaoacaty.. Vestiocf cgi`s irf i jizir` tg ygu ie` tg ygur nfccgw wgrlfrs. Icwiys kilf mfrtiae tjit tjf cgi` as wfcc stimlf`, sfmurf` ie` fvfecy pgsatagef` imrgss ogtj ngrls. Efvfr ittfkpt tg cant i cgi` watj gecy gef ngrl. @g egt trivfc ge ie uefvfe surnimf. Titmj ngr gvfrjfi` gostrumtages sumj is cadjts, waraed, papfs, spraelcfr systfks, `ggrwiys, ftm. @g egt kgvf riacrg riacrgi` i` mirs gr triacfrs watj tja tjas s truml, gr usf tg gpfritf gr mcgsf riacrgi` mir `ggrs.
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]INFPQ PAR]
Titmj ngr sciml mjiae mge`atage. ]ciml mjiaes kfie riac gr mirraidf jied-up. _iasf tjf ngrls ofngrf ygu kgvf. @g egt ittfkp tg rfpiar ygursfcn, icwiys dft i triaef` kfmjieam.
AEMCAEF], AEMCA EF], _IKR], _IKR] , @GML], FCF^IPG_] FCF^IPG_] An ygu kust trivfc ge ie aemcaef, `g sg watj miutage. @g egt gpfritf truml ge i wft aemcaef. Lffp tjf cgi` updri`f tg kiaetiae mgetrgc wjfe trivfcaed up gr `gwe ie aemcaef watj i cgi`f` truml Of iwirf tjit wjfe `fsmfe`aed ie aemcaef ygur stgppaed `astiemf `astiem f wacc of drfitfr tjie wjfe ge i cfvfc surnimf. _f`umf ygur spff`, ie` fesurf tjit tjfrf as i`fquitf mcfir spimf it tjf ogttgk gn tjf rikp tg stgp ie` ture.
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]INFPQ PAR]
Lffp tjf mguetfrwfadjt updri`f wjfe trivfcaed up gr `gwe ie aemcaef watj ie fkpty truml Pg ivga` jizir`s issgmaitf` watj i `gml, ygu sjguc` pfrsgeiccy mjfml tjit tjf triacfr orilfs jivf offe ippcaf`, wjffc mjgmls irf ae pcimf, ie` tjit iey triacfr-tg-`gml cgmlaed systfks irf ofaed utacazf`. Pjf akpimt gn kgvaed ae ie` gut gn i triacfr kiy miusf tjf triacfr tg mrffp gr kgvf. Mgenark tjit tjf `ravfr wacc egt kgvf tjf triacfr uetac ygu irf `gef. @g egt `ravf tjf truml getg ie fcfvitgr watjgut spfmanam iutjgrazitage. ^frany tjit tjf mipimaty gn tjf fcfvitgr fxmff`s fx mff`s tjf wfadjt gn ygur truml ie` tjf wfadjt gn tjf cgi`.
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]INFPQ PAR]
@IEDF_ Efvfr ture ge ie aemcaef gr rikp fatjfr cgi`f` gr uecgi`f`. Privfc striadjt up gr striadjt `gwe.
Of fspfmaiccy miutagus wjfe truml ge rikps gr ora`df pcitfs. surf gr tg kiaetiae i sinf `astiemf nrgk`ravaed fimj tjf f`df. Ofngrf `ravaed tjf truml gvfr Of i rikp ora`df pcitf, vfrany tjit tjfar pgsatage as sfmurf` tg prfvfet kgvfkfet kgvf kfet gn tjf pcitfs.
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]INFPQ PAR]
PAR-G^F_ Citfric tap gvfr mie gmmur watj i mgkoaeitage gn spff` ie` sjirpefss gn ture. Pjas mge`atage gn aestioacaty as fvfe kgrf calfcy watj ie uecgi`f` truml. Tatj tjf cgi` riasf`, citfric tapgvfr mie gmmur wjacf tureaed ie`/gr orilaed wjfe trivfcaed ae rfvfrsf gr immfcfritaed ie` tureaed wjacf trivfcaed ngrwir`. Citfric tap gvfr mie gmmur cgi`f` cgi`f` gr uecgi`f` oy tureaed ge i rikp. Cgedatu`aeic ta tap p gvfr mie gmmur watj i mgkoaeitage gn gvfrcgi`aed ie` cgi` fcfvitf`. Pjas mge`atage as fvfe kgrf calfcy watj fxmfssavf ngrwir` tact, orilaed ae ngrwir` trivfc gr immfcfritaed rfirwir`.
@IEDF_ Cant truml tap gvfr mie miusf sfragus aehury gr `fitj an tjf gpfritgr as trippf` oftwffe tjf truml ie` tjf drgue`.
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]INFPQ PAR] @IEDF_ An ygur truml stirts tg tap gvfr @G EGP HVKR! HVKR! Kilf surf ygur sfit ofct as sfmurfcy nistfef`, stiy ae tjf sfit, drap tjf wjffc, cfie iwiy nrgk akpimt ie` orimf ygur nfft. TI_EAED
_FI@ GRF_IPG_‑] KIEVIC.
NI]PFE ]FIP OFCP.
]a`f tap gvfr mie gmmur F^FE TJFE VECGI@F@.
@ge't aehury gr rasl `fitj, ]CGT @GTE wjfe tureaed. AE MI]F GN ]A@F PAR G^F_, Ngccgw tjfsf aestrumtages8
@GE'P HVKR!
JGC@ GE PADJP
O_IMF NFFP
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CFIE CF IE ITIQ ITIQ
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]INFPQ PAR]
Mgenark tjf fedaef typf ofngrf naccaed tjf tiel watj tjf t jf rfmgkkfe`f` nufc.
Cant Prumls sjguc` of rfnufcf` gecy it `fsadeitf` sinf cgmitages. ]inf gut`ggr cgmitages irf prfnfriocf tg tjgsf ae`ggrs. Efvfr nacc tjf tiel efir gpfe ncikf gr wjfe tjf fedaef as rueeaed. Fxpcgsavf nukfs kiy of prfsfet `uraed rfnufcaed. @G EGP skglf EGP skglf ae rfnufcaed irfis. Ofngrf nufcaed ie aetfreic mgkoustage truml, ture tjf fedaef gnn ie` cfivf tjf gpfritgr‑s gpfritgr‑s mgkpirtkfet. Tjfe naccaed, lffp tjf nueefc gr nufc jg jgsf sf egzzcf ae mgetimt watj tjf tiel‑s kftic. Pjas ivga`s tjf pgssaoacaty gn ie fcfmtram spirl adeataed tjf nufc.
Intfr rfnuf Intfr rfnufcaed caed,, mcgsf tjf mip tadj tadjtt ie` wapf up iey spac spaccf` cf` nufc mirfn mirfnucc uccy y ie` mgkp mgkpcftf cftfcy cy.. ^frany tjit nufc tiel mip jis offe rfpcimf` sfmurfcy ofngrf rfstirtaed fedaef.
EGPF8 @g egt iccgw tjf cant truml tg ofmgkf cgw ge nufc gr mgkpcftfcy mgkpcftfcy rue gut gn nufc. ]f`akfet gr gtjfr akpuratafs ae tjf nufc tiel mguc` of `riwe aetg tjf nufc systfk. Pjas mguc` rfsuct ae `annamuct stirtaed gr `ikidf tg mgkpgefets. @G EGP nacc EGP nacc tjf tiel tg tjf tgp. Nufc fxpie`s wjfe at dfts wirk ie` kiy gvfrncgw. gvfrncgw.
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]INFPQ PAR]
Gecy Priaef`, Priaef`, iutjgrazf` pfrsgeef pfrsgeefcc sjguc` nacc gr fxmjiedf CR-Dis tiels. Rrgtfmtavf mcgtjaed sumj is i nimf sjafc`, cged scffvfs ie` diuetcft dcgvfs sjguc` of wgre. @g egt rfnufc gr stgrf CR-Dis pgwfrf` canf trumls efir ue`frdrgue` fetriemfs, fcfvitgr sjints, gr gtjfr pcimfs wjfrf CR-Dis mguc` mgccfmt ae i pgmlft ie` miusf pgtfetaic `iedfr ngr ie fxpcgsage. @g egt cfivf tjf cant truml, ngr fvfe i sjgrt takf, efir fquapkfet tjit dfefritfs jadj tfkpfriturfs. Gvfe ie` nureimfs irf fxikpcfs. Pjf jfit kiy riasf tjf prfssurf gn tjf nufc tiel ae pcimf. Mcgsf tjf sfrvamf vicvf ge tjf tiel wjfe CR-Dis nufcf` cant trumls irf pirlf` gvfreadjt gr stgrf` ngr cged pfrag`s ae`ggrs watj tjf nufc tiel ae pcimf. Mcgsf ^ ^icvfs icvfs ge fkpty tiels.
Efvfr usf ie gpfe ncikf tg mjfml tjf caqua` cfvfc ae tjf nufc tiel, tjf mge`atage gn CR Dis caefs/mgeefmtgrs, caefs/mgeefmtgrs , gr tjf fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc gn tjf oittfry oittfry.. Fxikaef CR-Dis tiels ofngrf naccaed ie` ofngrf ofngrf rfusf. Cggl ngr `ikidf tg tjf vicvf, ccaqua` aqua` diudf, nattaeds ie` jie` wjffcs. Mjfml ngr `fets, smripfs gr gtjfr `ikidf tg tjf prfssurf vfssfc ie` ngr `art gr `foras ae tjf gpfeaeds. Aespfmt tjf CR-Dis nufc caefs ie` nattaeds nattae ds watj i sgip sgcutage intfr naccaed tjf tiel gr wjfe cgglaed ngr cfils. Icc `fnfmtavf gr `ikidf` CR-Dis tiels kust of rfkgvf` ngrk sfrvamf.
91
]INFPQ PAR]
]fragus imma`fets mie gmmur an CR-Dis tiels irf egt prgpfrcy jie`cf`. Pg rf`umf tjf rasl gn `ikidf tg tiels, usf fxtrfkf mirf wjfe triespgrtaed trie spgrtaed tjfk.
@g egt cfivf tjf fedaef rueeaed wjfrf tjfrf as pggr vfetacitage. Pjf fedaef fxjiust dis mgetiaes miroge kgegxa`f. as `iedfr tjit tjas wacc miusf dis pgasgeaed wjamj kiy rfsuct as sfragus aehuryPjfrf gr `fitj.
Akkf`aitfcy intfr usaed tjf cant truml, tjf fedaef mggciet as it jadj tfkpfriturf ie` jadj prfssurf. @g egt rfkgvf tjf ri`aitgr mip ue`fr tjfsf mge`atages. Jgt witfr kiy spurt gut ie` miusf oures. Tjfe rfkgvaed tjf ri`aitgr mip, ture at scgwcy tg rfcfisf tjf aetfreic prfssurf. Tjfe mjfmlaed tjf mggciet mggci et cfvfc, stgp tjf fedaef ie` wiat ngr tjf fedaef ie` ri`aitg ri`aitgr r tg mggc `gwe ofngrf mjfmlaed. Ngr cant trumls fquappf` watj i suotiel gr rfsfrvgar, mjfml tjf cfvfc ae tjf suotiel. Tjfe i``aed witfr ge cant trumls fquappf` fquap pf` watj i suotiel, i`` tjf witfr tg tjf suotiel.
?2
]INFPQ PAR]
At as fxtrfkfcy `iedfrgus an ygu gr iey tggc tgumjfs gr dfts miudjt ae tjf nie gr nie ofct wjfe tjf nie as rgtitaed. Efvfr tgumj tjf nie wjfe at as rgtitaed. Icwiys stgp tjf fedaef ofngrf aespfmtaed rgtitaed pirts. Tjfe aespfmtaed tjf irfis irgue` rgtitaed pirts, `g egt iccgw ieytjaed tg mgkf mcgsf wjamj kiy dft miudjt.
An tjf tarf aencitage prfssur prfssurf f as cgw cgw,, at wacc innfmt truml stioacaty. Jgwfvfr Jgwfvfr,, `g egt aencitf tjf tarfs akkf`aitfcy. Pjf aencitage prfssurf kiy jivf dgef `gwe ofmiusf gn `ikidf tg tjf rak. An tjf rak as `ikidf` gr mrimlf` ie` tjf tarfs irf aencitf`, tjfrf as `iedfr tjit tjf rak wacc orfil wjfe tjf tarf as ue`fr jadj prfssurf, pr fssurf, ie` tjas kiy miusf pfrsgeic pfr sgeic aehury gr `fitj. Ngr sinfty, wjfe mjfmlaed tarf prfssu prfssurf, rf, pcimf ygur og`y ae nrget gn tjf trfi` nimf gn tjf tarf. @g egt mjfml nrgk tj tjf f sa`f nimf gn tjf ta tarf. rf. ]uatiocf quicanamitages irf eff`f` ngr tarf aencitage wgrl. wgrl . Icwiys jivf tjf wgrl mirr mirraf` af` gut oy prgpfrcy quicanaf` pfrsgeefc. Pjf tarf aencitage prfssurf ge i ngrlcant truml as sfvfric s fvfric takfs jadjfr tjie tjf prfssurf ge ie iutgkgoacf. Pjf usf gn ie aencitage midf, gr sgkf gtjfr sinfty `fvamf, jfcps prfvfet sfragus aehury. Tjfe tjf tarfs irf ofaed aencitf`, tjfrf as `iedfr tjit `art gr `ust kiy of tjrgwe up oy tjf mgkprfssf` iar ie` fetfr ygur fyfs, sg icwiys wfir sinfty dcissfs.
?9
]INFPQ PAR]
Efutric Mgetrgc Cfvfr
Rirlaed Orilf
Cgwfr ngrls nuccy tg tjf ncggr ie` tact ngrwir` Nrgk _fvfrsf @arfmtage
Nrgk Ngrwir` @arfmtage
(= Rgsatage) @arfmtageic Mgetrgc Cfvfr (Gptage) (Rcimf ae Efutric Rgsatage is sjgwe)
Rirlaed Orilf Lfy tg GNN pgsatage
RI_LAED Tjfe ygu irf naeasjf` watj tjf truml, gosfrvf prgpfr sjut`gwe prgmf`urfs. prgmf`ur fs.
´ ´ ´ ´ ´ ´
Efvfr pirl ge i dri`f Icwiys mgkf tg i mgkpcftf stgp ofngrf cfivaed truml Rcimf trivfc mgetrgcs ae Efutric. Cgwfr ngrls nuccy tg tjf ncggr ie` tact ngrwir` ]ft Rirlaed Orilf Pure lfy tg GNN pgsatage.
@g egt pirl ge i dri`f gr aemcaef. @g egt pirl ae irfis wjamj ocgml fkfrdfemy fquapkfett gr rgutfs, immfss tg narf iascfs gr narf fquapkfet, gr stiarwiys. fquapkfe
Niacurf tg prgpfrcy sjut`gwe tjf truml kiy iccgw tjf truml tg kgvf miusaed aehury tg pf`fstraies ie` `ikidf tg prgpfrty prgpfrty..
??
]INFPQ PAR] @IPI RCIPF KG@FC
9
]ICF] #
=
P_VML PQRF
6
? P_VML TDP. (CF]] IPPIMJ. IE@ OI OIPPF_ PPF_Q) Q)
0
MIRIMAPQ
>
OIPPF_Q OIPP F_Q TFADJP TFADJ P KIZ KAE
co ld
co
OIPPF_Q MIRIMAPQ
4
co
:
ld
^
ld
OIPPF_Q PQRF
1
IJ
= 2 / 9 1 1 6 9 > 9
CANP P_VML MG_R. I KFKOF KFKOF_ _ GN PJF PJF CAE@F CAE@F D_GVR D_GVR
I] ]JARRF@ ]JARRF@ PJA] PJA] P_VML P_VML KFFP] KFFP] PJF IRRCAMIO IRRCAMIOCF CF _FYVA_FKFEP _FYVA_FKFEP] ] GN I]KF O6>.9 O6>.9
9. Kg`fc `fsadeitage gn tjf truml ?. Pruml sfraic eukofr =. Pruml sicfs gr`fr eukofr - tjf sicfs ie` sfraic eukofrs irf issadef` tg fimj spfmanam truml ie` sjguc` of usf` wjfe rfqufstaed iey aengrkitage ge tjf truml. Icsg, tjfsf eukofrs sjguc` of rfnfrfemf` wjfe gr`fraed sfrvamf sfrv amf pirts nrgk ygur iutjgrazf` Cae`f `ficfr. ` ficfr. 0. Pruml wfadjt wfadjt - watj rfkgviocf ittimjkfet. 6. Pruml typf typ f - tjf mg`f cfttfrs ae tjas ocgml sadeany tjf typf gn mgestrumtage watj sinfduir`s idiaest narf, sjgml jizir`s ie` fxpcgsage ae mcissanaf` ie` egemcissanaf` irfis. Mjfml watj tjf prgpfr iutjgraty ofngrf fetfraed irfis mgetiaeaed ncikkiocf gr fxpcgsavf kitfraics. >. Egt usf`, sff Mipimaty Rcitf. 4*. Kaeakuk oittfry wfadjt rfquarf`. rfquarf`. :*. ]ystfk vgctidf gn tjf truml 1*. Oittfry Pypf Fcfmtra m trumls gecy. * Vsf` ngr Fcfmtram
?=
]INFPQ PAR] MIRIMAPQ RCIPF I
IPPIMJKFEP(]) O @
I
9
M
O
ae.
ae.
kk
kk
ae.
ae.
kk
kk
=
NCGG_
?
@_A^F PA_F]
0
OIML PACP
6
CANP P_VML MG_R. IKFKOF_ GN PJF CAE@F D_GVR
9. Ittimjkfet (]a`fsjantfr, Mcikp, ftm.) - an ie ittimjkfet as aesticcf` ge tjf truml it tjf takf gn purmjisf, at wacc of ae`amitf` ae`amit f` ae tjas ocgml. ?. Pruml sfraic eukofr =. Pruml mipimaty, mipimaty, cgi` mfetfr ie` cantaed jfadjt jfad jt - tjfsf sjgw tjf kixakuk cgi` mipimaty gn tjf truml ae rfcitage tg cgi` mfetfrs ie` cant jfadjts. Mipimaty kiy of rf`umf` wjfe cantf` iogvf mfrtiae jfadjts. Gpfritgrs gn tjas truml eff` tg of iwirf gn tjfsf mipimatafs. Rfrsgeic aehury gr `ikidf tg tjf truml mie gmmur an tjfsf mipimatafs irf fxmff`f`.
EF^F_ IPPFKRP PG CANP I CGI@ D_FIPF_ PJIE PJF KIZAKVK MIRIMAPQ CA]PF@ GE PJA] PJA ] RCIPF RCIPF (#= IOG^F). 0. @ravf Parfs- ]azf ie` typf mie innfmt tjf mipimaty gn ygur truml. Fesurf 0. @ravf truml as fquappf` watj tarfs spfmanaf`. 6. Oiml 6. Oiml Pact- Kixakuk Kixakuk..
?0
]INFPQ PAR] GRF_IPG_ TI_EAED IE@ ]INFPQ @FMIC] (mgetaeuf`) Priaef` Gpfritgr Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic rfaengrmfs tjf rfquarfkfet tjit gecy triaef` ie` iutjgrazf` pfrsgeefc irf tg gpfritf tjf truml.
Jgg` Citmj Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic rfaengrmfs tjit tjf Gpfritgr sjguc` vfrany vfra ny tjit tjf Jgg` Citmj as sfmurfcy nistfef` ofngrf gpfritaed tjf truml.
?>
]INFPQ PAR] GRF_IPG_ TI_EAED IE@ ]INFPQ @FMIC] (mgetaeuf`) –@ge‑t Ticl Ve`fr gr ]tie` Ge Ngrls‛ Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic as cgmitf` ge ogtj sa`fs gn tjf Kist Vpradjts ie` wires ogtj tjf Gpfritgr ie` iey pf`fstraies egt tg stie` ge gr wicl ue`fr i riasf` cgi` it iey takf.
?4
]INFPQ PAR] GRF_IPG_ TI_EAED IE@ ]INFPQ @FMIC] (mgetaeuf`) Orilf Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic rfaengrmfs tjit tjf Gpfritgr sjguc` fedidf tjf Rirlaed Orilf cfvfr wjfefvfr efmfssiry, is at as egt iutgkitamiccy ippcaf`.
Rfrsgeefc Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic rfaengrmfs tjit tjf Gpfritgr sjguc` efvfr usf tjf Ngrls tg cant pfrsgeefc ngr iey rfisge.
?:
]INFPQ PAR] GRF_IPG_ TI_EAED IE@ ]INFPQ @FMIC] (mgetaeuf`) ]fit Ofct / Pap-Gvfr Tireaed @fmic Pjas `fmic rfaengrmfs tjit tjf Gpfritgr sjguc` rfi` tjf Gpfritgr‑s Kieuic ie` fedidf tjf ]fit Ofct ofngrf gpfritaed tjf truml. At icsg aestrumts tjf Gpfritgr ge wjit tg `g ae tjf fvfet gn g n i tapgvfr gn tjf truml.
?1
]INFPQ PAR]
EGPF]8
=2
]INFPQ PAR]
EGPF]8
=9
CAE@F CAE@ F CANP P_VML MG_R M G_R.
I KFKOF_ GN PJF CAE@F D_GVR
©?22? Cae`f Cant Pruml Mgrpgritage ?062 Tfst 6tj Egrtj ]trfft ]ukkfrvaccf, ].M. ?10:0 RJGEF (:0=) :46-:222
NIZ (:0=) :46-:=?1
`=62-2=/9>
Gpfritaed Aestrumtages Cae`f Ngrl Cant Pruml J 9? - 2= / J 9> - 2= / J 9: - 2= / J ?2 - 2= Tatj @afsfc Fedaef
=62 :20 ==29 DO 9?2?
Cae`f - Qgur Rirtefr
Cae`f ID Cae`f Kitfraic Jie`caed @avasage
Cae`f, ie fetfrprasf gpfritaed wgrc`wa`f ae tjf aevfstkfet ie` sfrvamf sfmtgr, as gef gn tjf cirdf ae`ustraic fetfrprasfs ae tjf FM watj ats tjrff ousaefss sfdkfets ie` sax `avasages. Nfewaml-Cae`f, Nfewaml-Cae` f, Mjïtfccfriu Mjïtfccfriuct ct
Ciesaed Cae`f Ct`., Oisaedstglf
Tfrl AA, Ismjinnfeourd-Eacljfak
Pjf Cae`f Kitfraic Jie`caed `avasage as i cfi`aed kieunimturfr gn ae`ustraic trumls ie` jy`riucams. At aemcu`fs fadjt kieunimturaed pciets ae tjf Nf`fric _fpuocam gn Dfrkiey, Nriemf ie` Drfit Oratiae, is wfcc is suosa`airafs ie` oriemjfs ae icc fmgegkamiccy akpgrtiet mguetrafs.
Cae`f ae`ustraic trumls fehgy i wgrc`wa`f rfputitage - tjiels tg tjfar jadj quicaty ae fedaeffraed, pfrngrkiemf ie` sfrvamf. Tfrl A, Ismjinnfeourd
Tfrl AAA, Lijc ik Kiae
Cae`f Jfivy Pruml @avasage Ct`., Kfrtjyr Py`nac
@fsmraptage Qgur Cae`f cant truml
Iutjgrasf` ippcamitages
gnnfrs tjf ofst ae fmgegky, sinfty ie` `ravaed mgevfeafemf. Pjfrfngrf at cafs kiaecy ae tjf jie`s gn tjf gpfritgr tg prfsfrvf tjf quicatafs gn tjf trumls ngr i cged ie` prgnatiocf sfrvamf canf ie` tg kilf nucc usf gn tjfar ofefnats ge tjf hgo.
Qgur Cae`f truml as `fsadef` ngr triespgrtaed ie` cantaed tjf cgi`s spfmanaf` ae tjf cgi` mipimaty `aidrik.
Pjfsf gpfritaed aestrumtages tfcc ygu icc ygu eff` tg legw iogut stirtaed, gpfritage, rueeaed, ie` sfrvamaed tjf truml.
kieuic, tg imma`fet prfvfetage rucfs gn ygur fkpcgyfr's c aioacaty aesuriemf ie` tg tjf rfquarfkfets gn trinnam rfducitages.
Ngr kiaetfeiemf ie` rfpiar wgrl egt `fsmraof` ae tjfsf gpfritaed aestrumtages spfmaic tfmjeamic slacc ie` legwcf`df, kfisuraed fquapkfet ie` spfmaic wgrsjgp tggcs irf gntfe rfquarf`. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` Cae`f `ficfr ngr tjas sfrvamf.
Pjf rucfs ngr tjf egrkic ie` prgpfr usf gn ae`ustraic trumls kust of ngccgwf` ue`fr icc marmukstiemfs oy tjf rfspgesaocf pfrsges, ae pirtamucir oy tjf gpfritgrs ie` sfrvamf pfrsgeefc.
Pjf sfrvamaed kiy gecy of pfrngrkf` oy quicanaf` pfrsgeefc iutjgrasf` oy Cae`f. Ngr sgkf gptages, ngccgw tjf gpfritaed aestrumtages suppcaf` watj tjit fquapkfet. Ngccgw tjf gpfritaed aestrumtages ngr ygur truml ie` pfrngrk tjf sfrvamfs spfmanaf` ae tjf aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf smjf`ucf rfducircy, ge takf ie` watj tjf spfmanaf` gacs ie` cuoramiets. Lffp i rfmgr` gn icc kiaetfeiemf sfrvamfs, gtjfrwasf ygur wirriety kiy ofmgkf vga`. Pjf tfrks –nrget–, –rfir–, –cfnt– ie` –radjt– rfnfr tg tjf pgsatage ae wjamj tjf atfk as aesticcf` ae tjf truml, cgglaed ae tjf ngrwir` trivfc `arfmtage gn tjf truml.
Ae pirtamucir, wf rfnfr tg tjf ^@KI ogglcft "_ucfs ngr tjf Egrkic ie` Rrgpfr Vsf gn Ae`ustraic Prumls" suppcaf` watj tjas
Pjf usfr, ie` egt tjf kieunimturfr Cae`f, as caiocf ngr iey jizir`s irasaed nrgk ueiutjgrasf` ippcamitages. An ygu wasj tg usf tjf truml ngr ippcamitages egt kfetagef` ae tjfsf dua`fcaefs, pcfisf narst mgetimt ygur Cae`f `astraoutgr ofngrf suppcfkfetaed gr rftrgnattaed at ngr tjas purpgsf. Eg mjiedfs, ae pirtamucir eg mgevfrsages gr rftrgnats, kiy of ki`f tg tjf truml watjgut tjf pragr pfrkassage gn tjf kieunimturfr.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
?
@fsmraptage Pfmjeamic egtf
Pilfgvfr aespfmtage
Pjfsf gpfritaed aestrumtages gr fxmfrpts tjfrfgn kiy gecy of mgpaf`, triescitf` gr usf` oy tjar` pirtafs intfr pragr wrattfe ipprgvic oy tjf kieunimturfr.
Fvfry ngrl cant truml ue`frdgfs mirfnuc aespfmtage ofngrf cfivaed tjf nimtgry, ae gr`fr tg kilf surf tjit at wacc of ae sitasnimtgry mge`atage ie` nuccy fquappf` is gr`frf` wjfe `fcavfrf` tg tjf mustgkfr. Iutjgrasf` `astraoutgrs irf ue`fr gocaditage tg rf-aespfmt tjf truml ofngrf `fcavfry ie` tg jie` at gvfr ae prgpfr gr`fr.
Cae`f pursufs i pgcamy gn mgetaeugus akprgvfkfet ae tjf `fsade ie` mgestrumtage gn ats prg`umts. Is i rfsuct, tjf accustritages ie` tfmjeamic `ftiacs rfdir`aed `fsade, fquapkfet ie` fedaeffraed gn trumls irf suohfmt tg mjiedf gr kg`anamitage is i rfsuct gn tfmjegcgdamic prgdrfss. Pjfrfngrf, eg caioacaty oisf` ge tjf spfmanamitages, accustritages ie` `fsmraptages mgetiaef` ae tjas gpfritaed kieuic wacc of immfptf`. Rcfisf suokat icc fequarafs mgemfreaed ygur truml ie` icc gr`frs ngr spirf pirts tg ygur iutjgrasf` `astraoutgr, kilaed surf tg stitf ygur mgrrfmt sjappaed i``rfss. Ngr rfpiars usf gecy dfeuaef Cae`f spirf pi rts tg fesurf tjit ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Tatj i vafw tg ivga`aed citfr mgkpciaets, wf rfqufst ygu tg mjfml tjf mge`atage gn tjf truml, tg kilf surf tjit at as fquappf` is gr`frf`, ie` tg imlegwcf`df tjf prgpfr jie`aed/tilaed gvfr gn tjf truml ae tjf kieunimturfr‑s mfrtanamitf gn mgengrkaty. Pjf ngccgwaed tfmjeamic `gmukfets ofcged tg fimj ngrl cant truml8 9 9
ygur truml wacc rftiae ats gradaeic tfmjeamic stie`ir`. Tjfe gr`fraed spirf pirts, spfmany tjf pirt eukofrs ie` icsg tjf
9
Gpfrita Gpfritaed ed aestrumt aestrumtage ages s Kieuni Kieunimturfr‑s mturfr‑s `fmcirit `fmciritage age gn mgengrk mgengrkaty aty (kieunimturfr `fmcirfs tjit tjf ae`ustraic truml mgengrks tg tjf FM `arfmtavfs ngr kimjaefs) _ucfs nngr gr tjf Egrkic ie` Rr Rrgpfr gpfr usf gn Ae`u Ae`ustraic straic Prumls (^@KI)
Cant truml kg`fc kg`fc88 WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWW WWWW Kieunimturfr‑s eukofr/yfir ouact8 WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Pilfgvfr `itf8 WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Icsg stitf tjf kieunimturfr‑s eukofr gn tjf fedaef, kist, viraiocf-`aspcimfkfet pukp ie` `ravf ixcf wjfe gr`fraed pirts ngr tjfsf issfkocafs. Fedaef Fedae f euko eukofr8 fr8 WWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWW W Kist eukofr8 WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Kist cant jfadjt8 WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW kk @ravf ixcf eukofr8 WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Tasjaed ygu sitasnimtgry gpfritage, Tjfe tilaed gvfr tjf ngrl truml, triesnfr tjf `iti nrgk tjf issfkocy typf pcitfs aetg tjas kieuic.
Cae`f Cae`f ID Kitfraic Jie`caed @avasage Ismjinnfeourd
=
=62 :20 ==29.9?2?
0
Pypf pcitfs
@fsmraptage
9
C anan t t ru ru ml ml ttyp ypf fp pcc it it f
?
Kieunimturfr
=
MF sykogc (Pjf sykogc mfrtanafs tjit FM `arfmtavfs ngr kimjaefs ie` icc ippcamiocf dua`fcaefs irf nucnaccf`.)
0 6
]f frr aai ic e eu u ko ko fr fr /yf /yfi ir Veci`fe kiss
>
Oittfr y vg ctctid f
4
_i ittf ` c gi gi ` mip mip ima imatty
:
Pypf
1
Kist Kist euko eukofr fr (s (sti tikp kpf` f`))
9
1
92
@ra @ravf vf ixc ixcf f ty typf pf p pci citf tf
99
Mjis Mjissas sas euko eukofr fr (stikp (stikpf` f` ge sa`f sa`f))
9?
Fe Feda daef ef typf typf pci pcitf tf
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
92
9
?
:
`=62-2=/96
= 4
0 6 >
9?
99
6
Ngrl cant truml J 9? / J 9> / J 9: / J ?2 watj @afsfc fedaef
@fsmraptage
Qgur truml usfs i`viemf` tfmjegcgdy ngr sakpcf ie` frdgegkam, fefrdy-sivaed ie` fevargekfet-nrafe`cy gpfritage. At rfquarfs kaeakic kiaetfeiemf ie` at as sgca`cy ouact. Ngr tjf iviacioacaty gn ygur cant truml, efircy icc pirts irf kieunimturf` oy Cae`f. Pjf summfss gn i mgkpiey watj iogut 1>22 fkpcgyffs ae fadjt kieunimturaed satfs.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62-2=/9>
@ravfr‑s pgsatage ie` gpfritaed nfiturfs irf immgr`aed tg tjf citfst nae`aeds gn frdgegkams. Fimj mgetrgc as `fsadef` ae rfdir` tg pgsatageaed ie` gpfritage ngr tjf `ravfr‑s mgevfeafemf tg duirietff fnngrtcfss ie` tjfrfngrf sinf gpfritage. Gn mgursf, tjas icsg aemcu`fs tjf fisy jy`rgstitam pgwfr stffraed watjmgetrgc i laml-oiml sinfty, tjftrivfc sfrvamf-prgvf` `guocfpf`ic trivfc systfk8 ngrwir` watj tjf radjt nggt, rfvfrsaed watj tjf cfnt, ie` gecy gef kiae mgetrgc cfvfr ngr icc kist nuemtages. >
Piocf gn mgetfets
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
@fsmraptage Ridf
Ridf
Ridf
@fsmraptage .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ...................? .........?
Gpfritage .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ....................?> ..........?>
Iutjgrasf` ippcamitages ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................... ....... ? Pfmjeamic egtf ...................... ................................. ...................... ..................... ..................... ............... .... = Pilfgvfr aespfmtage ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................= ............= Pypf pcitfs .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ....................6 .........6 Pfmjeamic `iti ...................... ................................. ..................... ..................... ...................... ............. .. 92 Egasf fkassage cfvfcs ........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................9? .........9? Nrfqufemy Nrfqufe my mjirimtfrastam mjirimtfrastam ngr jukie og`y vaoritages ..... ......9 .9 ? Pfmjeamic `fsmraptage ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .....................9= .........9= Fedaef .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................9 ......9 = Jy`riucam systfk ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................9= ............9= Gpfrita ge .................... .............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ 9= CJM mgetrgc .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............9 ...9 = Orilfs ........... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ......................9= ...........9= ]tffra ed .................... .............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... ..............9 ....9 = Fcfmtramic systfk ........................ ................................... ....................... ........................ .............. 9= Dfefric vafw .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...............9 ....9 0 Mgetrgcs ie` ae`amitgrs ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .................9 .....9 6 Mgkpgsatf aestrukfet ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................9> ........9>
Priespgrt .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ...............= .....= : Priespgrt watj cgrry gr cgw-of` sfka-triacfr.................. =: Privfc watj i cgi` ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ...............= ...= : Vecg i`ae d ................... ............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... ...............= .....= :
]infty rucfs ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................9 ......9 4 ]infty aengrkitage ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ .............. .. 94 Jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets ........... ....................... ........................ ...................9 .......9 4 Imma`fet prfvfetage mjfml ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .............. 9: Gpfritage gn ae`ustraic trumls ae tjf pciet irfi ................9: @afsfc fedaef fkassages ............ ......................... ........................... .........................9: ...........9: ]ggt pirtamucitf nactfr aespfmtage ............... .............................. ........................9: .........9:
Privfc ........... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ................? .....? > Ngrwir` trivfc ...................... ................................. ...................... ...................... ....................?> .........?> _fvfrsf trivfc .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ..................... .....................?> ...........?> Mjiedaed tjf trivfc `arfmtage .......................... ........................................?> ..............?> ]tgppa ed .................... ............................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... ............? ..? > ]aedcf-pf`ic kg`fc .................... .............................. .................... .................... ..................?4 ........?4 ]tffraed systfk ........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................= .......= 2 ]tffra ed .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..............= ....= 2 Orilaed systfk ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ............ =2 ]frvamf orilf .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ............. =2 ]tgp pf`ic .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ................= .....= 2 Rirlaed orilf .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ......................=2 ...........=2 Ippcyaed tjf pirlaed orilf ............. .......................... .......................... .................= ....= 2 _fcfisaed tjf pirlaed orilf ............. .......................... ........................... ................ =2 Mfetric cfvfr gpfritage gn cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..................=9 ........=9 Pactaed tjf kist ngrwir` ............. .......................... .......................... .......................=9 ..........=9 Pactaed tjf kist oiml ............. .......................... ........................... ........................... ............... =9 Cantaed tjf ngrl mirraidf ............ ......................... .......................... .........................=9 ............=9 Cgwfraed tjf ngrl mirraidf ............ ......................... .......................... ...................= ......= 9 Gpfritaed tjf ittimjkfets ............ ......................... .......................... ...................= ......= 9 Gpfritaed tjf sa`fsjant ............ ......................... .......................... .........................=9 ............=9 Gpfritaed tjf mcikp .............. ........................... .......................... .......................... ............... =9 ]aedcf-cfvfr gpfritage gn cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..................=? ........=? Aesticcitage gn i``atageic i``atageic fquapkfet ............... ............................. .................. .... == ]watmjaed ge tjf nrget wgrlaed cadjts .............. ............................. ..................= ...= =
_ueeaed-ae aestrumtages .......................... ....................................... .......................... ............... 9: Mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs ofngrf aeataic gpfritage ..................9: @iacy mjfmls ...................... ................................. ...................... ...................... ...................... ...............9 ....9 : @iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs .....................9 .....................9 1 Gpfeaed, mcgsaed tjf ogeeft........................ ogeeft..................................... .....................9 ........9 1 Mjfml tjf nufc cfvfc ............ .......................... ........................... .......................... ...................? ......? 2 _fpcfeasj nufc ..................... ................................ ...................... ...................... ...................... .............? ..? 2 Mjfml tjf fedaef gac cfvfc ............ .......................... ........................... ......................?9 .........?9 Mjfml mggciet cfvfc ae fxpiesage rfsfrvgar ............... .....................? ......? 9 Mjfml tjf tyrf aencitage prfssurf .............................. ......................................?? ........?? Ippcyaed, gpfeaed tjf sfit ofct ............. .......................... ...........................?= ..............?= I`hustaed tjf gpfritgr sfit ............. .......................... ........................... .....................? .......? = ]tirtaed tjf fedaef ......................... ....................................... ........................... .....................? ........? 0 ]tgppaed tjf fedaef ............. .......................... ........................... ........................... .................? ....? 6 Kicnuemtages `uraed gpfritage......................... gpfritage...................................... .................? ....? 6
]watmjaed ge tjf tjf cadjts rfir wgrlaed cadjt ............... cadjt ............................. ...................= .....= = ]watmjaed ge ........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ...................== ........== ]watmjaed ge tjf jizir` wireaed cadjts ................ ...........................= ...........= = Pureaed ge tjf nrget wae`smrffe wapfr ............... .............................== ..............== Pureaed ge tjf tjf rfir wae`smrffe wapfr .............. .............................== ...............== Gpfritaed tjf ture ae`amitgr cadjts ............... .............................. .....................= ......= = Jfitfr ................... ............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ =0 Jfitfr mgetrgcs ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ...............= ...= 0 Nie kgtgr nusf .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ....................=0 .........=0 Gpfritaed tjf jgre ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ .............. =0 Nusfs .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ =6 Mjfml nusfs, rfefw an rfquarf` .............. ............................. .......................=6 ........=6 Ofngrf cantaed i cgi` ........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... .............. => I`hustaed tjf ngrl sprfi` ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ..............= ..= 4 Cgi `ae d .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..................... ..................... ................= ......= 4
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage ......... ................... ..................... ..................... ..................94 ........94
Rirlaed tjf cant truml ........................ .................................... ........................ .......................=: ...........=: Priespgrt .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ...............= .....= 1 Priespgrt watj cgrry gr cgw-of` sfka-triacfr.................. =1 Jgastaed tjf truml ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .............. .. =1 Jgastaed tjf truml watj i mrief ............................ ......................................=1 ..........=1 Jgastaed tjf truml watj tjf fyfogcts .............. ............................. ................. =1 Tjffc mjiedf ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ............. 02 Priacfr mgupcaed ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ .................0 .....0 2 Kist rfkgvic .......... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ................0 .....0 2 Pgwaed aestrumtages ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................09 ...........09 Pgwaed ................... ............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................09 .......09 Pgwaed prgmf`urf ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .......................09 ...........09 _fcfisf tjf kuctapcf kuctapcf `asm orilf ............... .............................. ....................0 .....0 9 Gpfe jy`riucam pukp prfssurf-rfcafn prfssurf-rfcafn vicvfs .... ......... .......... ....... 09 Intfr tgwaed .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............0 ...0 9 _fsft orilf ........... ...................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ..............0 ...0 9 Fkfrdfemy fxat ngr trumls watj rfir wae`smrffe ..............0? Pilaed tjf truml gut gn gpfritage ............................. ......................................0? .........0? Kfisurfs ofngrf tilaed tjf truml gut gn gpfritage .......0 ? Ruttaed tjf truml oiml aetg gpfritage.............................0 gpfritage.............................0 ?
Kiaetfeiemf .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .............0 ...0 = Dfefric aengrkitage ........................ .................................... ........................ ......................0= ..........0= Cant kist typfs .......... ..................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...............0 ....0 = Tgrl ge tjf ge tjf nrgetoiml pirt.............................0= gn tjf truml ..... .........0= ....0= ]fmuraed tjfkist kistie` idiaest tactaed ................ .............0= ]tie`ir` kist ...................... ................................. ...................... ..................... ..................... ............. .. 00 ]fmuraed tjf riasf` stie`ir` kist kist ............... .............................. ...................0 ....0 0 @upcfx kist ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...............0 ....0 0 ]fmuraed tjf riasf` `upcfx kist ............. ............................ .........................00 ..........00 Prapcfx kist ...................... ................................. ..................... ..................... ...................... .................0 ......0 6 ]fmuraed tjf riasf` trapcfx kist ............................ .......................................06 ...........06 Mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs intfr intfr tjf narst 62 sfrvamf jgurs ..... .......06 ..06 Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf mjirt .............................. ...................................0 .....0 >
4
=62 :20 ==29.9?2?
:
Piocf gn mgetfets
@fsmraptage Ridf
Ridf
Ridf
......0: Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` ......0:
Padjtfe tjf ictfreitgr `ravfofct .............. ............................. ..........................>? ...........>? Padjtfe tjf mggciet pukp `ravfofct..................................> `ravfofct..................................> ? Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn tjf tggtjf` ofct, rfefw an efmfssiry ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .....................>= .........>= Mjfml tjf mguetfrwfadjt, gvfrjfi` duir`, stffraed ixcf ie` `ravf ixcf ngr sfmuraty ............... .......................> ........> 0 Mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr .....................> .....................> 0 Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk (viraiet AA) ..........> 0 Mjfml tjf kist, kist mjiaes ie` fe` stgps ngr mge`atage, sfmuraty ie` gpfritage..................................> gpfritage..................................> 6 I`hust tjf kist mjiae cfedtj, cuoramitf watj mjiae spriy .......... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...............> ....> 6 Mjfml ie` gac gtjfr pavgts ie` hgaets ............. ............................ ..................> ...> > Mjfml tjf ngrls ie` ngrl quaml-rfcfisfs..........................>> Mjfml tjf prf-tfesage gn `guocf jgsfs an ittimjkfets irf nattf` ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................> ....> >
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf `iti ............................ ....................................4 ........4 0
Mcfie tjf cant truml ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ..............0 ..0 : Mcfie ie` spriy tjf kist mjiae ........... ....................... ....................... ................0 .....0 : Mcfie tjf iar nactfr ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ...............0 ...0 1 Mcfieaed watj mgkprfssf` iar ............ ........................ ........................ .............. .. 01 Mjfml tjf `ust `asmjirdf vicvf .......... ...................... ........................ .................6 .....6 2 Mcfie tjf prfnactfr ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ..............6 ..6 2 Mjfml tjf kguetaed gn tjf jy`riucam gac tiel ie` nufc tiel ..................... ................................ ...................... ..................... ..................... .....................62 ..........62 @riae tjf nufc nactfr ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ..............6 ..6 9 Padjtfe tjf wjffc nistfefrs ........... ....................... ........................ ......................69 ..........69 Mjfml tjf tyrfs ngr `ikidf ie` ngrfade gohfmts .............69 _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr (viraiet A) ..............6? _fkgvaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr nactfr .............. ............................. ................. 6? Mcfieaed tjf sgg pirtamucitf nactfr ............. ............................ ....................6 .....6 ? _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr (viraiet AA) .............6= Mcfie ie` mjfml tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr ngr cfils ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .....................60 .........60 Cuoramitf tjf stffr ixcf, kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofir aeds ......... ................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..............6 ....6 0 Mjfml sfit ofct ngr mge`atage ie` gpfritage ............... ....................6 .....6 6
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Nufc ie` gac rfmgkkfe`itages ......................... ....................................... ................ .. 46 Fedaef gac ...................... ................................ ..................... ...................... ...................... .................4 ......4 6 @afsfc nufc ...................... ................................. ...................... ..................... ..................... ................4 .....4 4 Jy`riucam gac ...................... ................................. ...................... ...................... ..................... ............ .. 44 Cuoramitaed drfisf ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ .....................44 .........44 Mggc iet ................... ............................. ..................... ..................... .................... .................... ..............4 ....4 4 Oittfry drfisf .......... ..................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ......................44 ...........44 Mjiae spriy ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ..............4 ...4 4 Prguocfsjggtaed dua`f (@afsfc fedaef) ............... ...........................4: ............4: Prguocfsjggtaed dua`f (jy`riucam systfk) ................. ......................: .....: 2 Taraed `aidrik ...................... ................................. ...................... ...................... ......................:9 ...........:9 Taraed `aidrik (gptages) .......................... ........................................ ........................:6 ..........:6 Jy`riucam smjfkitam ........................... ........................................ .......................... ................. .... 1? Ae`fx ........... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ 10
9222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf ........>4 _fefw tjf iar nactfr fcfkfet, mjfml tjf vimuuk swatmj ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ......................>4 ...........>4 Mjfml tjf fedaef ie` fedaef suppgrt kguetaed ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss ............. .......................... ........................... .......................>4 .........>4 Mjfml tjf iar aetilf ie` fxjiust papfs ngr cfils............ >: Mjfml tjf jy`riucam systfk, `ravf ixcf, pukps, vicvfs ie` caefs ngr cfils ............ ......................... .......................... .....................> ........> : _fefw tjf nufc nactfr ............ ......................... .......................... .......................... ....................> .......> : _fefw tjf prfssurf, sumtage, ie` orfitjfr nactfrs ae tjf jy`riucam systfk ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ..................> ......> 1 _fefw tjf prfssurf nactfr ........... ....................... ........................ .......................>1 ...........>1 _fefw tjf sumtage nactfr ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .............. >1 _fefw tjf orfitjfr nactfr ............ ........................ ........................ .......................>1 ...........>1 Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk (viraiet AA) ..........4 2 Mjfml tjf pirlaed orilf ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ............... ... 42
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf .......... ............ 6> Drfisf tjf kist kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofiraeds ............... ......................6 .......6 > @riae tjf nufc nactfr ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ..............6 ..6 > Mjfml fcfmtram miocfs, miocf mgeefmtgrs ie` mgeefmtages ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss ................ .......................6 .......6 4 Mjfml oittfry mge`atage, fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc ie` spfmanam drivaty ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ............... ... 64 ]a`fsjant8 Mcfie, drfisf ie` mjfml tjf kguetaed ...........6 : Mcfie ie` drfisf tjf stffraed ixcf ............... ............................. .................. .... 6: _ftadjtfe tjf kist nistfeaed ogcts ............... .............................. ....................6 .....6 : Mjfml tjf jy`riucam gac cfvfc ........................... ........................................ .................6 ....6 1 Mjfml ie` gac tjf pf`ics, trivfc mgetrgc ie` fedaef mgetrgc caelidfs ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ...............6 ...6 1 Mjiedf tjf fedaef gac ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................> .......> 2 @riae tjf fedaef gac ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ...................>2 .......>2 _fefw tjf fedaef gac nactfr ........... ...................... ....................... ......................>2 ..........>2 _fpcfeasj tjf fedaef gac ............ ........................ ........................ .......................>9 ...........>9 Mjfml mggciet strfedtj ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ..................> ......> 9
?222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf ........49 Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk (viraiet AA) ..........4 9
=222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf ........49 _fefw tjf mggciet ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ .............. 49 _fefw tjf ictfreitgr ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts ..... ........4? ...4? _fefw tjf jy`riucam gac ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................4 ....4 = _fefw tjf tggtjf` ofct ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ ..................4 ......4 =
Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts ............. .......................... .......................... ......................>? .........>?
1
Pfmjeamic `iti
@fsmraptage @iti ]jfft ngr Kitfraic Jie`caed Fquapkfet
Ngrlcant Prumls
@fsadeitage ^@A =6:>
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9:x4-:/9> R_
?)
9:x4-:/9> R_
?)
9:x4-:
=.6
Tjffcs, Tjffcs, euko eukofr fr nrge nrget/rfi t/rfirr (x ; `ravfe `ravfe))
=. >
Pr iml wa `tj, nrge t
=. 4
Pr iml wa `tj , r fi r
o9 9 \kk[
:40
:40
:40
:40
0.9
Kist/ngrl mirraidf tact, ngrwir`/oimlwir`
`fdrffs
>/92
>/92
>/92
>/92
0. ?
Jf a dj t g n ki st, cg wfr f `
j 9 \kk[
?216/?242/?242 9)
?216/?242/?242 9)
?216/?242/?242 9)
=22=/?24:/?24: 9)
0. =
Nr ff c ant Nr
j? \kk[
962
962
962
962
0 .0
Can t
j= \kk[
=262/=242/0042 9)
=262/=242/0042 9)
=262/=242/0042 9)
=262/=242/0042 9)
0. 6
J fa d jt g n kist , f xtf e `f `
j0 \kk[
=>6:/=>4:/624: 9)
=>6:/=>4:/624: 9)
=>6:/=>4:/624: 9)
=>6:/=>4:/624: 9)
o9 2 \kk[
90>2
]F
?x/?
?x/?
?x/?
?x/?
192
192
192
106
0. 4
Jf ad jt gn gvfr jf i` d uir ` (mi oa e)
j> \kk[
?242
?242
?242
?242
0. :
J fa d j t g gnn s sf fi t/ sti e `- g e pc pc it ng rk
j 4 \k \k k[
9222
9222
9222
9222
6>2
6>2
6>2
6>2
=9>2
=?0>
0 . 9 ? P g w mg up c a e d j f a dj t
j 9 2 \kk[
0 . 9 1 Gv Gvf r i c c c f e d t j
c 9 \kk [
=240
=991
0 . ? 2 C fe dtj tg ngrl nimf
c ? \kk [
?940
??91
0. ?9 G Gv v f r i c c wa ` t j
o9 /o ? \ kk[
92:4
92:4
0 . ? ? Ng N g r l ` a kf e s a g e s
s/ f/ c \kk [
02x:2x122
02x:2x122
0.?= Ngrl mirraidf tg @AE 9694=, 9694=, mciss/ngrk I, O
f m e i k r g n r f R
Kg`fc typfs
9.9
j i 9 . > M 9 . : t j d a f T s f r y P ` e i s c f f j T
tg ^@A =6:>
Kieunimturfr's @iti ie` @fsade Mjirimtfrastams
0 . ? 0 T a `t j gn ngr l mi rr a id f
o = \kk[
0 . = 9 D r g u e` m c f i r i em f , k i st
k9 \k k[
0 . =? =? D rg rg ue ue ` m mcc fi fi ri ri em em f f,, m f fe e trtr f g gnn w j jf f fc fc o i is sf
k ? \k \k k k[[
0.== Iascf wa`tj watj piccf fts ts 9222x9?22 imrgss ngrls
Ist \kk[
?=0>
??>2 92:4 (99>:)
=)
06x922x122
99>: 06x922x122
?I
?I
?I
?I
9202
9202
9202
9202
12
12
12 (1:) =)
1:
9?4
9?4
9?4
9=6
=6?=
=6>6
=>2>
=>12
0.=0 Iascf wa` wa`tj tj watj picccfts fts :22 :22x9?22 x9?22 icged g ed ngrls ngrls Ist \kk[
=4?=
=4>6
=:2>
=:12
0 . = 6 Pu Pu r e a e d r i ` a u s
Ti \kk [
910:
9112
?2?>
?926
0.=> Kae. `as `astiemf tiemf oftwff oftwffe e tjf mfetrfs mfetrfs gn rgtitag rgtitage e
o9= \kk[
612
612
>26
>=2
6. 9
P r iv fc s sp pf f ` , wa wa tj / wa tj g ut ccg gi`
lk /j
9:/9:.6
9:/9:.6
9:/9:.6
9:/9:.6
6. ?
C a n ta e d s sp p f f ` , wa wa t j /wa t j g ut cg cg i `
k/s
2.64/2.6:
2.64/2.6:
2.64/2.6:
2.64/2.6:
6. =
C g wf r a e d s p pf f f ` , wa tj / w waa tj g ut c gi `
k //s s
2.6:/2.04
2.6:/2.04
2.61/2.04
2.61/2.04
6.6
Primtavf ngrmf, watj/w watjgut atjgut cgi`, >2 kaeutf ritae ritaed
E
90?22/1??2
90?22/1??2
90?22/1??2
90?22/1??2
6.4
Mcako Mcakoaed aed ioacaty a ty watj/wa tj/wattjgut jgut cgi` cgi`,, =2 kaeutf ritaaed ed %
6.1
Immfcfritaage ge takf k f watj/wattjgut jgut cg gi` i` (narrst st 92 k)
0)
s
6 .9 2 ] f r v vaa mf o r i l lf f 4.9
f e 4 . ? a d 4 . = e f 4. 0 M A
Kieunim Kieunimturfr turfr gn fedae fedaef/typf f/typf
= 9 /? > 6.2/0.6
jy`rgstitam
jy`rgstitam
jy`rgstitam
^T/I@D
^T/I@D
^T/I@D
^T/I@D
?:
?:
?:
?:
_i tf` rpk
_R K
??22
??22
??22
??22
0/9122
0/9122
0/9122
0/9122
?.?
?.=
?.=
?.0
jy`rgstitam/aenaeatfcy viraiocf
jy`rgstitam/aenaeatfcy viraiocf
jy`rgstitam/aenaeatfcy viraiocf
e / mm
N uf c mge su kp ta g e tg ^@A
c/ j
:.9
Pypf gn ` `ravf ravf mgetrgc mgetrgc
:.6
= 9 /? > 0.1/0.0
lT
Eu kofr g n myca e` frs / mm
:. ?
=0/?> 0.:/0.?
F ed ae f ritf ` pg wf r tg A]G 96 :6
4. 6
s r : . = f j t : . 0 G
0 ? /= 2 0.6/0.2 jy`rgstitam
jy`rgstitam/aenaeatfcy
viraiocf
Tg grrl aed p r f ssu r f ng r it ti ti mj kf e t s
o ir
946
?96
?=2
?62
G a c q u ie ta ty ng r i tti mj kf et s
c/kae
9:
9:
9:
9:
Kf ie ega sf c fvfc it ` `rra vfr 's f ir
`O ( I) -
-
-
-
Pgwaed mgupcaed, e d, `fsade/t `fsade/typf ypf @AE, eg.
Egtfs8 Icc tjf `iti rfnfr tg trumls watj stie`ir` fquapkfet ie` stie`ir` kist typf =262. 9) Pjf vicufs rfn rfnfr fr tg stie`ir` stie`ir`/`upc /`upcfx/trap fx/trapcfx cfx kists watj i nrff cant gn 962 kk. ?) ]upfr f fcistam cistam (]F) tyrfs tyrfs gpta gptageic. geic. =) Pjf vicu vicufs fs ae orimlfts orimlfts ippc ippcy y an ]F tyrfs ] ]F F ?22/62-92 ?22/62-92 irf nattf`. 0) Ge sjgrt sc scgpfs, gpfs, wjfe wjfe mrgssaed mrgssaed gost gostimcfs imcfs (rfn (rfnfr fr tg sfmtage "Privfc").
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
92
Pfmjeamic `iti
@fsmraptage
Cantaed mipimaty `aidriks8 J 9?
J 9>
J 9:
J ?2
Nadurfs ngr trapcfx kists ge rfqufst.
Cgi` mipimaty `aidriks ippcy ngr stie`ir` ie` `upcfx kist watj supfr fcistal tarfs
Jfadjts ie` cant jfadjt (kk)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
]tie`ir`
Cant jfadjt
j=
?:62
=262
=:62
0?62
0:62
Jfadjts, kae. cant (watj 962 kk nrff cant ngr stie`ir`)
j9 #
?222
?922
?622
?422
=222
Jfadjts, kix. cant
j0
=06:
=>6:
006:
0:6:
606:
Jfadjts ie` cant jfadjt (kk)
@upcfx
Prapcfx
Cant jfadjt
j=
?442
=242 =442 02?2
0042 6042
61?2
>??2
Jfadjts, kae. cant
j9
91?6
?246 ?0?6 91?6
?246 ?046
?>?6
?4?6
Jfadjts, kix. cant
j0
==4:
=>4: 0=4: 0>?:
624: >24:
>6?:
>:?:
]pfmaic cacant jf jfadjt
j?
9=9:
90>: 9:9: 9=9:
90>: 9:>:
?29:
?99:
99
Pfmjeamic `iti
@fsmraptage
Egasf fkassage cfvfcs @ftfrkaef` ae i tfst mymcf ae immgr`iemf watj FE 9?26= nrgk tjf wfadjtf` vicufs ae tjf gpfr itaed kg`fs @_A^AED, CANPAED, A@CAED.
Nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam ngr jukie og`y vaoritages Pjf vicufs irf `ftfrkaef` ae mgengrkiemf watj FE 9=261 ge trumls watj stie`ir` fquapkfet immgr`aed tg tjf tfmjeamic `iti sjfft (`ravaed gvfr tfst mgursf watj oukps).
Egasf cfvfc it `ravfr‑s stitage J 9? - J ?2 Vemfrtiaety
CRIX ; 41 `O ((I I) LRI ; 0 ` `O O (I (I)
]gue` cfvfc it `ravfr‑s pcimf Tjacf cantaed Tjacf a`caed Tjacf `ravaed Vemfrtiaety
Nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam imm. tg FE 9?21> Kfisurf` nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam iw.zs ; 2.1 k/s¿ Vemfrtiaety L ; 2.= k/s¿
CRi CRo CRm LRI
Nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam davfe ngr jie` ie` irk vaoritages Nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam 3 ?.6 k/s¿
; 41 `O ((I I) ; 49 `O ((I I) ; :0 `O ((I I) ; 0` `O O (I (I)
Imgustam pgwfr cfvfc J 9? - J ?2 Vemfrtiaety
CTIX ; 16 `O ((I I) LTI ; ? ` `O O (I (I)
Imgustam pgwfr cfvfc Tjacf cantaed Tjacf a`caed Tjacf `ravaed Vemfrtiaety
CTi CTo CTm LTI
Duirietff` imgustam pgwfr cfvfc Imm. tg `arfmtavf ?222/90/FM
CTI ;9 2 9 ` O ( I I))
; 16 `O ((I I) ; :> `O ((I I) ;9 2 2 ` O ( I I)) ; ?` `O O (I (I)
Pjf `arfmtavf cfdiccy rfquarfs tjas aengrkitage. Pjas vicuf jis offe micmucitf` nrgk tjf imgustam pgwfr cfvfcs ngr ‛Cantaed‛ ie` ‛@ravaed‛ ie` as gecy of usf` is i mgkpiriocf vicuf ngr `annfrfet trumls. Ngr tjf `ftfrkaeitage gn tjf rfic fevargekfetic egasf strfss tjas vicuf as cfss ipprgpraitf, is at as egt rfprfsfetitavf gn egrkic truml gpfritage, wjamj aemcu`fs ‛A`caed‛. EGPF Jadjfr gr cgwfr egasf fkassages mie fxast `uraed gpfritage gn tjf truml, ngr fxikpcf `uf tg typf gn gpfritage, fevargekfetic aencufemfs ie` i``atageic egasf fkassage sgurmfs.
EGPF Pjf nrfqufemy mjirimtfrastam ngr tjf jukie og`y mie egt of usf` tg `ftfrkaef tjf imtuic nrfqufemy cgi` `uraed gpfritage. Pjas cgi` `fpfe`s ge tjf wgrlaed mge`atages (mge`atage gn rgi`wiy, typf gn gpfritage, ftm) ie` kust tjfrfngrf of `ftfrkaef` it tjf satf, an efmfssiry. Pjf spfmanamitage gn jie` ie` irk vaoritages as rfquarf` oy ciw, fvfe an tjf vicufs, is ae tjas mis f, `g egt ae`amitf iey `iedfr.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9?
Pfmjeamic `fsmraptage
@fsmraptage
Pjf =62 sfrafs ngrl cant truml as `fsadef` ngr cgi`aed ie` `fpgsataed cgi`s wfadjaed up tg 9.? tgeefs watj tjf J 9?, 9.> tgeefs watj tjf J 9>, 9.: tgeefs watj tjf J 9: ie` ?.2 t watj tjf J ?2. Ats mgkpimt `fsade ie` skicc tureaed ri`aus kilf tjf truml fspfmaiccy suatf` ngr skicc ditfs ie` eirrgw wgrlaed irfis.
Fedaef Pjf truml as fquappf` watj i 0-mycae`fr `afsfc fedaef watj swarc mjikofrs, gvfrjfi` miks ie` sfcn-i`hustaed tippfts. At `ravfs tjf jy`riucam pukps it cgi`-`fpfe`fet spff`. Pjf fedaef as mggcf` oy i mcgsf`-cggp mggciet marmuat watj mggciet rfsfrvgar.
Jy`riucam systfk Pjf trimtage `ravf mgesasts gn gef viraiocf-`aspcimfkfet pukp ie` twg naxf`-`aspcimfkfet kgtgrs issfkocf` ae i ueat ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
is `ravf ixcf, ie` i tie`fk pukp (naxf` `as pcimfkfet) ngr tjf wgrlaed jy`riucams ie` pgwfr stffraed systfk. Privfc `arfmtage ie` spff` irf mgetrgccf` oy immfcfritgr pf`ics vai tjf viraiocf-`aspcimfkfet pukp. Pjf naxf`-`aspcimfkfet kgtgrs ae tjf `ravf ixcf irf suppcaf` watj gac oy tjf viraiocf-`aspcimfkfet pukp, ie` tjfy fimj pgwfr i `ravf wjffc vai i citfric rf`umtage dfirogx.
Gpfritage
Orilfs
Pjf viraiocf-`aspcimfkfet jy`riucam pukp ie` trivfc spff` irf sakuctiefguscy mgetrgccf` oy gef pf`ic fimj ngr ngrwir` ie` rfvfrsf trivfc. Tatj tjf jy`rgstitam `ravf truml spff` mie of rfducitf` nrgk i stie`stacc up tg kixakuk spff` watj aenaeatfcy viraiocf mgetrgc ae ogtj `arfmtages. Pjf `guocf pf`ic mgetrgc pfrkats fisy is wfcc is sinf ie` quaml jie`caed gn tjf cant truml.
Pjf jy`rgstitam trieskassage as usf` is sfrvamf orilf. Pjf twg kuctapcf `asl orilfs aetfdritf` ae tjf `ravf ixcf irf utacasf` is pirlaed orilf. Tjfe tjf fedaef as stgppf`, tjf kuctapcf `asl orilfs irf ippcaf` ; iutgkitam orilaed. Pjf orilf pf`ic as icsg `fsadef` is pirlaed orilf sg tjit at kust of cgmlf` kfmjieamiccy wjfe tjf truml as sjut `gwe.
Ogtj jie`s irf icwiys nrff ngr stffraed ie` mgetrgc gn tjf wgrl kgvfkfets. Pjf rfsuct as quaml rfvfrsaed ie` fnnamafet stimlaed.
]tffraed
Pjfrf as gecy gef mgetrgc cfvfr (kiae mgetrgc cfvfr) ngr mgetrgccaed tjf wgrl kgtages cantaed, cgwfraed ie` tactaed. Ngr tjf gpfritage gn i``atageic ittimjkfets, nurtjfr mgetrgc cfvfrs irf aesticcf`.
Pjf stffraed systfk mgesasts gn i jy`rgstitam stffraed systfk, wjamj gpfritfs tjf rfir wjffcs oy tjf stffraed wjffc vai tjf stffraed mycae`fr.
CJM mgetrgc
Pjf stffraed systfk mie icsg of gpfritf` wj fe tjf fedaef as stgppf` out i drfitfr fnngrt as rfquarf` tg ture tjf stffraed
CJM ; Cae`f Jy`riucam Mgetrgc
wjffc.
Pjf fcfmtrgeam mgetrgc ueat dgvfres tjf fedaef spff` ie` tjf swisj pcitf iedcf gn tjf jy`riucam pukp iutgkitamiccy tg kiaetiae i prfsft trivfc spff` (wjffc rpk). ]ystfk niucts irf `ftfmtf` oy tjf fcfmtrgeam mgetrgc ueat ie` ae`amitf` watj wireaed cadjts. @fpfe`aed upge tjf niuct, i trivfc spff` rf`umtage ie` fvfe sjutgnn gn tjf fedaef kiy gmmur is i `ikidf prfvfetage kfisurf. Iey niucts gmmurraed mie of `ftfrkaef` watj tjf `aidegstam ueat.
Fcfmtramic systfk Pjf fcfmtramic systfk as suppcaf` oy i tjrff-pjisf murrfet dfefritgr watj 9? ^@M. I 9? ^ oittfry as aesticcf` ngr stirtaed tjf fedaef.
9=
Dfefric vafw 9
Mgu et etfr w wf f ad ad jt jt
?
Ogeeft
=
Oi Oitt ttfr fry y mgkp mgkpir irtk tkfe fett
0
Gv fr frj fi fi` duir`
6 >
@ravfr‑s sf sfit Ae st st ru ru kf kf et et p ie ie fc fc
4
Cant my mycae`fr
:
Kist
1
Cant mjiae
92
Ngrl Ngrl qua quamlml-rfc rfcfi fisfs sfs
99
Ngrl Ngrl mirr mirrai aidf df
9?
Ngrls
9=
Tj ff ff c ` rara v vf f
90
Mjissas
96
]t ]tff ffra raed ed ixcf ixcf
@fsmraptage
0
6
>
4
:
=
?
1
9 = 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
92
99
9?
`=62-2=/94
96
90
9=
90
Mgetrgcs ie` ae`amitgrs
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
9
Ri irr l laa ed ed or or i ilf lf c f fvf vfrr
?
Ad Adea eata tage ge s swat watmj mj w wat atj j sw swat atmj mj lfy lfy
=
]t ]tffr ffraed aed wj wjff ffc/ c/pgw pgwfr fr stffr stffraed aed
0
Jgre outtge
6
Mg Mgkp kpgs gsat atf f aest aestru rukf kfet et
@fsmraptage 9
>
Pgddc Pgddcf f swatmj swatmj ngr ngr iu iuxa xacai cairy ry jy jy`ri `riuc ucams ams**
4
Mgetrgc Mgetrgc cfvfr cfvfr nngr gr iuxacai iuxacairy ry jy`r jy`riuca iucams ms (ittimj (ittimjkfe kfets)* ts)*
:
]ykogc ]ykogc cio ciofc fc ngr iuxacair iuxacairy y j jy`ri y`riuca ucams ms (ittimj (ittimjkfe kfets)* ts)*
1
Egtamf pcitf
92
Cgi Cgi` ` mi mipi pimat maty y `aid `aidrik rik
99
Cgi` m mipim ipimaty aty pcitf pcitf (itt (ittimjk imjkfet) fet)**
9?
]yk ]ykogc ogc ciof ciofcc ngr w wgrla grlaed ed jy jy`riu `riucams cams
9=
Mget Mgetrgc rgc ccfvfr fvfr ngr ngr wg wgrlae rlaed d jy` jy`riuc riucams ams
=
?
0
>
6
90 Ngrw Ngrwir` ir` immfcfri immfcfritgr tgr pf`i pf`icc 9 6 O rri i lf lf pf pf `i `i c 9>
_fvf _fvfrsf rsf immfcfri immfcfritgr tgr pf`i pf`icc
94
Nusf Nusfs s (a (ae e og ogttg ttgk k gn mges mgesgcf) gcf)
4
* Gptage
94
9>
96
90
9=
9?
99 92 1
:
`=62-2=/29
96
Mgkpgsatf aestrukfet
@fsmraptage
Pjf mgkpgsatf aestrukfet mgetiaes tjf ngccgwaed mgetrgc ie` ae`amitgr fcfkfets8
Ae`amitgr fcfkfet
Nuemtage
Rgssaocf niuct(s)
9
Jgur kftfr
?
Jg Jgur ur kf kftf tfrr G GE E aae`a e`ami mitg tgrr cad cadjt jt
Jgur kftfr (9). Pjf rgw gn nadurfs (96) sjgws tjf nucc sfrvamf jgurs, tjf cist nadurf (90) 9/92 gn ie jgur
= 0
Mg Mggc gciet iet tf tfkp kpfr frit iturf urf wireae wireaed d ca cadj djtt ]g ]ggt gt pi pirt rtamu amuci citf tf na nact ctfr fr wirea wireaed ed cadjt cadjt
EGPF Pjf fcipsf` sfrvamf jgurs sjguc` of rfmgr`f` wjfe rfpcimaed i `fnfmtavf jgur kftfr. _fmgr` `iti ge `uriocf tipf ie` innax efxt tg jgur kftfr.
Jgur kftfr GE ae`amitgr ae`amitgr cadjt (?)
Ae`amitfs cant truml sfrvamf jgurs. Pjf `aspciy sfrvfs is rfnfrfemf ngr fcipsf` wgrlaed jgurs ie` ngr tjf rfquarf` aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf imtavatafs. Ae`am Ae`amit itfs fs tj tjit it tj tjf fj jgu gurr k kft ftfr fr as rueea rueeaed ed
6
Jy`riuc Jy`riucam am gac tfkpfri tfkpfritur turf f wirea wireaed ed cadj cadjtt
Mggciet Mggc iet tfkp tfkpfrit friturf urf wi wireae reaed d cadjt cadjt (=)
>
Fe Fedae daef f ga gacc pr prfss fssurf urf wi wirea reaed ed ccad adjt jt
Ae`amit Ae`amitfs fs tjit tjf mggciet tfkpfritfkpfriturf as tgg jadj
4
Rr Rrff-jfi jfita taed ed ae`a ae`amit mitgr gr cadjt cadjt
:
Nc Ncis isjf jfrr aae` e`am amit itgr gr ca cadj djtt
1
Oi Oitt ttfr fry ym mjir jirdf df ae`a ae`amit mitgr gr ca cadjt djt
92
Nufc Nufc cfvfc cfvfc w wire ireae aed d cadjt cadjt
99
Nie Nie GE ae` ae`am amit itgr gr ccad adjt jt
]ggt ]ggt pirtam pirtamuci ucitf tf nact nactfr fr wireae wireaed d cadjt*
Nie nni iucty Nie Nie k kgt gtgr gr orusjf orusjfs sw wgr gre e Nie Nie k kgt gtgr gr nnus usf f oc ocgw gwe e Pjfrk Pjfrkic ic sw swat atmj mj ni niuct ucty y _i _i`a `ait itgr gr ni niuc ucty ty Mi io o ccf f s o rg rg lf lf e Cfil Cfil aae e tj tjf f mg mggc gcaed aed systf systfk k @a @art rt ge ri`a ri`ait itgr gr _fdfefr _fdfefritf itf ttjf jf sggt sggt pi pirta rtamuci mucitf tf na nactf ctfrr
9?
Tireaed cadjt CJM ngr systfk niucts ae tjf fcfmtrge fcfmtrgeam am mgetrgc ueat
Jy`riucam gac tfkpfriturf wireaed cadjt (6)
(0) Ae`a Ae`amit mitfs fs tjit tjit tj tjf f sggt sggt pirtam pirtamuci ucitf tf nactfr kust of rfdfefritf` Kgeatgrs tjf jy`riucam gac tfkpfriturf
-
9=
Iar na nactf ctfrr rfstramt rfstramtage age ae` ae`amit amitgr gr cadj cadjtt
-
@a @art rt ge ga gacc m mgg ggcf cfrr Ga Gacc nnac actf tfrr oc ocgm gmlf lf` ` Gac cfvfc cfvfc ae jy`ri jy`riuca ucam m syst systfk fk aas s tgg cgw Ga Gacc eg egtt i is s spfm spfman anaf af` ` Cgw Cgw ga gacc cf cfvf vfcc ae mriel mrielmis misf f Fe Fedae daef f as gvf gvfrjf rjfit itae aed d Ga Gacc eg egtt i is s spfm spfman anaf af` ` Aet Aetfrei freicc cfi cfilidf lidf ae cu cuoram oramita itaed ed systfk systfk
-
Rr Rrfj fjfit fitaed aed rrfci fciy y nu nusf sf oc ocgwe gwe
-
^^-of ofct ct o orgl rglfe fe g grr sc scap appa paed ed Mi io o ccf f s o rg rg lf lf e Ic Ictf tfre reit itgr gr nniu iuct cty y _f _fdu ducit citgr gr swat swatmj mj nniu iuct cty y
-
Nus f o ccg gwe Nie Nie k kgt gtgr gr ni niuc ucta tay y ]j ]jgr grtt aae e nnie ie kgtg kgtgrr Niuct Niuct mi mie e of aa`fet `fetana anaf` f` watj watj ttjf jf `aid`aidegstam fquapkfet Iar nac nactfr tfr fcfkfet fcfkfet rfstramt rfstramtf` f`
>
6
0 =
4
:
Fedaef gac prfssurf wireaed cadjt (>)
Ae`amit Ae`amitfs fs cgw gac p prfssurf rfssurf gn fedaef fedaef cuoramitage
Rr Rrff-jf jfit itae aed d ae` ae`am amit itgr gr cadj cadjtt (4 (4))
At as as acc accuk ukae aeit itf` f` an tjf tjf prfprf-jf jfit itae aed d nuemtage as ge
92
N ci ci sj sj fr fr a e` e` ami amitt gr gr c ad ad jt jt* ( : :))
A e` e` aami mitt f fs s g pf pf ri ri ttaa g ge e g gnn nncc i isj sjf f r u ea ea t
99
Oittfr Oittfry y mji mjirdf rdf ae`a ae`amitg mitgrr cadjt cadjt (1)
wjfe `arfmtage ae`amitgr as ge Ae`ami Ae`amitfs tfs kic kicnue nuemta mtages ges ae tjf fcf fcfmtra mtra-mic systfk
1
9? N uf uf c c fvf fvfcc wi wi re re ae ae d c ad ad jt jt ((9 9 2) 2)
? 9
9=
Nie GE ae`amitgr cadjt (99)
Ae `a `a m mi i ttf f s i nnu u fc fc r f fsf sfrr vf vf g n i ip p pr pr gx. gx. 6.0 catrfs. Ae`a m mi itfs p pg g wf wfr it it ttj jf nni i e kgtgr
Tireaed cadjt CJM (9?)
Ae`amitfs sy systfk niucts aae e tjf f fccfmtrgeam mgetrgc ueat.
-
Iar nactfr rfstramtage ae`amitgr cadjt (9=)
Ae`amitfs fxmfssavf immukucitage gn `art ge iar mcfiefr fcfkfet
-
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
96
90
`=62-2=/2=
* Gptage
9>
]infty rucfs
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
Pjf rfspgesaocf pfrsges, pirtamucircy tjf truml gpfritgr ie` sfrvamaed pfrsgeefc, kust of aestrumtf` ae tjf sinfty dua`fcaefs ngr tjf egrkic ie` prgpfr usf gn ae`ustraic trumls aemcu`f` watj tjfsf gpfritaed aestrumtages.
]infty aengrkitage Pjf prfmiutages TI_EAED, MIVPAGE, IPPFEPAGE ie` EGPF ae tjas kieuic irf prgva`f` tg ae`amitf spfmaic `iedfrs gr ueusuic aengrkitage rfquaraed spfmaic a`fetanamitage8
Pjf fkpcgyfr kust fesurf tjit tjf gpfritgr jis ue`frstgg` icc sinfty aengrkitages.
TI_EAED ae`amitfs jizir`s tjit kiy rfsuct ae pfrsgeic aehury gr `fitj ie`/gr suostietaic `ikidf tg tjf prg`umt.
Rcfisf gosfrvf tjf dua`fcaefs ie` sinfty rucfs tjfrfae ngr fxikpcf8
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
-
Jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets
aen aengrk grkita itage ge ge tjf gpf gpfrit ritage age gn ae` ae`ust ustraic raic tr trumls umls rucf rucfs s nngr gr rgi` rgi`wiys wiys ie` wgrl irfis irfis radj radjts, ts, `utaf `utafs s ie` si sinft nfty y rucf rucfs s ngr tj tjf f gpfr gpfritg itgrr gpfri gpfrita tage ge aae e spfma spfmaic ic i irf rfis is aengrk aengrkitage itage rfcitf rfcitf` ` tg stirtae stirtaed, d, `r `ravaed avaed ie` orilaed sfrv sfrvamf amf ie` rfpi rfpiar ar aen aengrk grkitag itage e rfmu rfmurrfe rrfett aespfmtag aespfmtages, es, imm imma`fe a`fett prfvfeta prfvfetage ge mjfml `aspgsic `aspgsic gn d drfis rfisfs, fs, g gac ac ie` ie` oit oittfra tfrafs fs rf rfki kiae aeae aed d ra rasl sls. s.
MIVPAGE ae`amitfs jizir`s tjit kiy rfsuct ae pfrsgeic aehury ie`/gr suostietaic `ikidf tg tjf prg`umt. IPPFEPAGE ae`amitfs jizir`s tjit kiy rfsuct ae `ikidf tg gr `fstrumtage gn tjf prg`umt. Pjas egtf as ngue` ge viragus pgsatages gn tjf truml wjfrf spfmaic ittfetage as rfquarf`. _fi` tjf ipprgpraitf sfmtage gn ygur gpfritaed aestrumtages.
Pjf gpfritgr (fkpcgyfr) gr tjf rfspgesaocf pfrsge kust fesurf tjit icc tjf dua`fcaefs ie` sinfty rucfs ippcamiocf ngr ygur truml irf gosfrvf`. Tjfe aestrumtaed i triaef` gpfritgr, imquiaet jak watj tjf
spfmaic nfiturf nfiturfs s gn tjf ccant ant truml (`guocf-pf`ic (`guocf-pf`ic mgetrgc, kiae mgetrgc cfvfr, orilf pf`ic) gpta gptagei geicc it itti timjk mjkfet fets s spfm spfmaic aic gpf gpfrit ritaed aed ie` wgr wgrlaed laed ir irfi fi mjiri mjirimtfr mtfrast astams, ams,
Nurtjfr wireaed egtamfs irf icsg usf` ngr ygur sinfty. Rcfisf gosfrvf tjf viragus sykogcs. EGPF a`fetanafs tfmjeamic aengrkitage rfquaraed spfmaic ittfetage ofmiusf tjf mgeefmtage kiy egt fvfe of govagus tg slaccf` pfrsgeefc.
oy triaeaed ie` primtamaed `ravaed, sjantaed ie` stffraed gpfritages uetac tjfy irf mgkpcftfcy kistfrf`. Gecy tjfe stirt tg primtamf sjfcn-stimlaed.
Icwiys jie`cf ncua`s ie` cuoramiets is rfquarf` ie` is spfmanaf` oy tjf kieunimturfr. Gecy stgrf ncua`s ie` cuoramiets ae ipprgvf` mgetiaefrs it spfmanaf` stgridf pcimfs. Is tjfy mguc` of aencikkiocf, `g egt mgetimt tjfk watj jgt gohfmts gr i eilf` ncikf. Ngccgw tjf kieunimturfr‑s sinfty ie` `aspgsic aestrumtages wjfe usaed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets ie` mcfieaed mgkpgue`s. Ivga` spaccaed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets. _fkgvf iey spaccidf akkf`aitfcy watj i suatiocf oae`aed idfet ie` `aspgsf gn is spfmanaf`. Icsg `aspgsf gn usf` gr mgetikaeitf` ncua`s ie` cuoramiets is spfmanaf`. Ngccgw ciws ie` rfducitages. Mcfie tjf irfi surrgue`aed tjf pirt ae qufstage ofngrf cuoramitage, nactfr rfefwic gr rfpiars ae tjf jy`riucam systfk. Gecy usf mcfie mgetiaefrs wjfe rfpcfeasjaed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets. @asmir` pirts ae i wiy nrafe`cy tg tjf fevargekfet. MIVPAGE @g egt iccgw jy`riucam gac ue`fr prfssurf, ngr fxikpcf it i cfil, tg pfeftritf t jf slae. Kf`amic ia` as rfquarf` an sumj ie aehury gmmurs. MIVPAGE Akprgpfr jie`caed gn mggciets ie` mggciet i``atavfs puts ygur jfictj ie` tjf fevargekfet it rasl.
Pjf stioacaty gn tjf truml ae tjf wgrl irfi as fesurf` an fkpcgyf` prgpfrcy. ]jguc` tjf truml tap gvfr `uraed ie ueiutjgrasf` ippcamitage gr `uf tg aemgrrfmt gpfritage, icwiys ngccgw tjf aestrumtages `fpamtf` ofcgw.
Ae misf gn tap-gvfr
TI_EAED
Ngccgw tjfsf aestrumtages
]tiy oumlcf` up
@ge't hukp
Jgc` ge tadjt
Orimf nfft
Cfie iwiy 94
]infty rucfs Imma`fet prfvfetage mjfml Pjf imma`fet prfvfetage rucfs ae sgkf mguetrafs prfsmraof tjit tjf ngrl cant truml kust of mjfmlf` it cfist gemf i yfir ngr prgpfr wgrlaed mge`atage oy triaef` pfrsgeefc. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `astraoutgr ae tjas rfdir`.
Gpfritage gn ae`ustraic trumls ae tjf pciet irfi IPPFEPAGE Kiey pciet irfis irf sg-miccf` cakatf` puocam trinnam irfis. Tf i`vasf ygu tg mjfml an ygur mgkpiey caioacaty aesuriemf mgvfrs iey `ikidfs gmmurraed watj ygur ngrl truml idiaest tjar` pirtafs ge "cakatf`" puocam trinnam irfis.
@afsfc fedaef fkassages Ae Dfrkiey, ngrl trumls fquappf` watj `afsfc fedaefs kust mgengrk tg P_D] 660. Immgr`aed tg tjas rfducitage, `afsfc fkassages irf mirmaegdfeam ie` tjfy sjguc`, an it icc pgssaocf, egt of ae tjf iar gn wgrlpcimfs. An trumls fquappf` watj `afsfc fedaefs irf usf` ae tgticcy gr pirtaiccy femcgsf` spimfs, tjf ciogur prgtfmtage iutjgraty kust narst of egtanaf`. Ipprgpraitf egtamfs kust of pgstf` ae tjf wgrl irfis (rfnfr tg P_D] 660 ngr ie fxikpcf).
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage ]ggt pirtamucitf nactfr aespfmtage (gptage)
Mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs ofngrf aeataic gpfritage*
Pjf rfspgesaocf iutjgratafs spfmany tjit sggt pirtamucitf nactfrs kust of aespfmtf` ie` sfrvamf` fvfry sax kgetjs oy ie fxpfrt. Pjf rfsucts gn tjf aespfmtage kust of rfmgr`f` ae i
Mjfml Mjfml tjf tjf f fed edae aef f ga gacc ccfvf fvfcc
-
Mjfm Mjfml l mggc mggciet iet ccfvfc fvfc ae ae fxpiesag fxpiesage e rfsf rfsfrvga rvgarr
–@afsfc Fedaef Fkassages Aespfmtage Mfrtanamitf‛ ie` ittimjf` tg tjf cgd oggl (f.d. tjf truml Imma`fet Rrfvfetage Aespfmtage ogglcft)
-
_f fp p ccf f ea ea s sj j nnu u fc fc Mjfml ttjf jf oi oittfry ttfry mge`ata mge`atage, ge, f fcfmtrgc cfmtrgcytf ytf cf cfvfc vfc ie` ie` spfmanam spfmanam drivaty
_ueeaed-ae aestrumtages
-
Mjfm Mjfml l tj tjf f tyrf tyrf aaenc encita itage ge prfss prfssurf urf
-
Pa Padjt djtfe fe tjf tjf wjffc wjffc ni nist stfe fefrs frs
Mjfml Mjfml ttjf jf jy`ri jy`riuc ucam am g gac ac ccfvf fvfcc
Gp Gpfri frita tage ge gn o ori rilae laed d systf systfk k
Gp Gpfri frita tage ge gn st stff ffrae raed d sys systf tfk k
Pjf cant truml mie of gpfritf` it nucc spff` `arfmtcy. Ivga` sustiaef` jadj cgi`s ge tjf wgrlaed jy`riucam sys tfk ie` tjf trivfc `ravf ae tjf narst 62 jgurs gn gpfritage. @uraed aeataic gpfritage ie` intfr fimj wjffc mjiedf tjf wjffc ogcts kust of tadjtfef` ofngrf fimj sjant uetac tjfy irf sfitf` narkcy, a.f. uetac eg nurtjfr tadjtfeaed as pgssaocf.
Can Cantaed taed `fv `fvamf amf ie` itt ittimjk imjkfet fets s
Padjtfe gppgsatf wjffc ogcts tg i tgrquf gn............. 916 Ek
-
_fdf _fdfefri efritf tf tjf sgg sggtt pirtamuci pirtamucitf tf nac nactfr tfr (gptag (gptage) e)
EGPF Gosfrvf tjf tadjtfeaed aestrumtages ge tjf tid ittimjf` tg tjf stffraed mgcuke.
@iacy mjfmls*
Mjfml Mjfml tjf tjf f fed edae aef f ga gacc ccfvf fvfcc
-
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf mgg mggciet ciet ccfvfc fvfc ae ae fxpiesa fxpiesage ge rfs rfsfrvg frvgar ar
Mj Mjfm fml l tj tjf f nufc nufc ccfv fvfc fc
Mjfm Mjfml l tj tjf f tyrf tyrf aaenc encita itage ge prfss prfssurf urf
*
I `fsmra `fsmraptage ptage gn gn tjf s sfrvamf frvamf mie mie icsg of ngue` ae ae tjf aae`fx. e`fx.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9:
@iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
Gpfeaed tjf ogeeft
Mcgsaed tjf ogeeft
-
Rusj ttjf jf cfvfr cfvfr (1) up ie` tact tjf o oimlrfst imlrfst (9) ngr ngrwir`. wir`.
-
Mcgsf Mcgsf tjf tjf o ogeef geeftt watj watj ttjf jf d drap rap (?).
-
Rucc Rucc cfvf cfvfrr (=) ie` sca`f sca`f ttjf jf sfit sfit nuccy nuccy ngr ngrwir` wir`..
-
Jggl Jggl tjf tgeduf tgeduf ((4) 4) ae aetg tg ttjf jf or orimlf imlftt (:). (:).
-
_fcfisf _fcfisf ttjf jf ogeeft ogeeft cgml cgml (0 (0)) oy aesf aesfrta rtaed ed tjf lfy lfy (6) i ie` e` tureaed at ieta-mcgmlwasf is nir is pgssaocf.
-
Pur Pure e tjf rgtiry rgtiry cfv cfvfr fr (>) mcg mcgmlwa mlwasf sf is nir is pgssao pgssaocf. cf.
-
Cant u up p tjf rgtiry cfvfr (> (>)) ie` ture ture iet ieta-mcgmlwa a-mcgmlwasf sf is nir nir is pgssaocf.
Pur Pure e tjf lfy (6) (6) mcgm mcgmlwas lwasf f is nir is pg pgssao ssaocf cf ie` rf rfkgv kgvf f at.
-
Vejggl tjf tgeduf tgeduf (4) nrg nrgk k tjf orimlft (:) ie` cant at.
-
Gpfe Gpfe tj tjf f ogeeft ogeeft watj watj tj tjf f dr drap ap ((?). ?).
EGPF Pjf ogeeft as jfc` gpfe oy i dis-naccf` strut. ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
9
1
6 > 4
?
:
=
0
0
`=62-2=/20
`=62/2>
91
@iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs Mjfml tjf nufc cfvfc
_fpcfeasj nufc
Pjf nufc cfvfc wireaed cadjt ae tjf mgkpgsatf aestrukfet cadjts tg ae`amitf i nufc cfvfc gn 6.0 catrfs.
MIVPAGE ]tgp tjf fedaef ofngrf naccaed nufc. Eg skglaed gr eilf` cadjt wjfe naccaed nufc. Ivga` spaccaed nufc ie` `g egt iccgw nufc tg mgetimt jgt mgkpgefets. Ngccgw
Nacc @afsfc nufc wjfe tjf cadjt mgkfs ge.
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed `afsfc nufc.
Gpfe ttjf jf nac naccfr cfr mip ge nufc nufc tiel ie` nnacc acc mcf mcfie ie `af `afsfc sfc nuf nufc. c.
Kix. mipimaty ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ..................... ......... ?4,2 catrfs IPPFEPAGE Efvfr `ravf nufc tiel fkpty ae gr`fr tg prfvfet kicnuemtage oy iar ae tjf nufc aehfmtage systfk.
9
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62-2=/92
?2
@iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
Mjfml mggciet cfvfc ae fxpiesage rfsfrvgar
Mjfml tjf fedaef gac cfvfc
IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
-
Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f oge ogeef eft. t.
Rucc g gut ut tjf gac `apstaml `apstaml (9) it tjf fedaef ge tjf ccfnt fnt sa sa`f. `f.
Mcfie Mcfie tj tjf f `ap `apstam staml l watj watj i mc mcfie fie m mcgt cgtj. j.
_faesfrt tjf `apstaml `apstaml mgkpcftfcy mgkpcftfcy ie` ie` pucc pucc at gut idiae.
Pjf g gac ac cfvfc cfvfc sj sjguc` guc` of oftwff oftwffe e ogt ogtj j kir kirlaed laeds. s.
An efm efmfssiry, fssiry, i`` gac tjrgudj tjf naccfr naccfr g gpfeaed pfeaed is nir is tjf uppfr kirlaed.
Ngr tjas, tjas, rrfkg fkgvf vf tjf tjf nnacc accfr fr m mip ip (?). (?).
Rucc oiml tj tjf f oitt oittfry fry mgkpirtkf mgkpirtkfet et mgvf mgvfrr (=) ie` cacant nt up ie` rfkgvf. Mggciet kust o of f vasao vasaocf cf oft oftwffe wffe tj tjf f kix. ie` kae. kae. ki kirls rls (6) ge tjf rfsfrvgar.
MIVPAGE @g egt gpfe tjf rfsfrvgar mip (0) wjfe tjf tiel as jgt. _asl gn smic`aed!
I`` mggciet is rfquarf`, rfquarf`, intfr gpfeaed tjf rf rfsfrvgar sfrvgar mip (0).
EGPF Pjf rfsfrvgar as prfssurasf`. -
Fedidf tjf oi oittfry ttfry mgkpirtkfet mgkpirtkfet mgvfr i itt tjf tgp ie` ie` pusj `gwe it tjf ogttgk.
@annfrfemf oftwffe kix. kix. ie` kae. kirlaeds ...........9.2 catrf ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
_fnat _fnat ie` ie` ttadj adjtfe tfe tjf nac naccfr cfr mip.
-
Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
?
0
6
=
9
`=62/?6
`=62-2=/9:
`=62/?0
?9
@iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
Mjfml tjf tyrf aencitage prfssurf IPPFEPAGE Cgw aencitage prfssurf rf`umfs tyrf sfrvamf canf ie` truml stioacaty.
Aencitf gr `fncitf tjf tyrfs tg tjf prfssurf spfmanaf` ge tjf stamlfr ge tjf aesa`f gn tjf gvfrjfi` duir`.
Fxikpcf Pyrf prfssurf stamlfr
@ravf ixcf -
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf tyrf tyrfs s ngr spfm spfmana anaf` f` prfssu prfssurf. rf.
-
An efm efmfssiry, fssiry, aencitf gr `fn `fncitf citf i itt tjf naccfr vicvfs.
-
J9 9? ?, J 9>, J 9: J ?2
9: x 4 - :/9> R_ R_ ............ 92 oi oir ?22/62 - 92 ]F
@ravf ixcf .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... .............. .... 92 oir ]tffraed ixcf .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ........... : oir
]tffraed ixcf -
J 9?, J 9>, J 9: J ?2
9: x 4 - :/9 > R_ .............. : oir 9: x 4 - : ]F
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
t=62-2?/6=
??
@iacy prf-gpfritageic mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
Ippcyaed tjf sfit ofct @IEDF_ Pjf sfit ofct kust icwiys of ippcaf` `uraed tjf gpfritage gn tjf truml! Pjf sfit ofct as gecy ngr sfmuraed gef pfrsge. @ravfrmios watj mcgsf`, sgca` `ggrs gr oir-typf `ggrs mgkpcy watj tjf sinfty rfquarfkfets ngr `ravfr rftiaeaed systfks. Tf rfmgkkfe` tjf i``atageic usf gn tjf sfit ofct. Pjf sfit ofct kust of usf` an tjf truml as gpfritf` watj tjf `ggrs gpfe gr rfkgvf`. EGPF Pjf iutgkitam cgml ocgmls tjf ofct wjfe tjf truml as tactaed jfivacy. Pjf ofct mie tjfe egt of puccf` gut gn tjf rftrimtgr. Pg uecgml tjf iutgkitam cgml, mirfnuccy `ravf tjf truml gnn tjf sa`f scgpf.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
MIVPAGE Pjf wfooaed sjguc` egt of twastf`, stuml gr legttf`. Rrgtfmt tjf cgml (0) ie` rftrimtgr (=) idiaest ngrfade pirtamcfs, `ikidf ie` `art. EGPF @uraed gpfritage gn tjf truml (f.d. `ravaed, cantaed, ftm.) tjf gpfritgr sjguc` sat is nir oiml is pgssaocf sg tjit tjf oiml mgetimts tjf oimlrfst. Pjf iutgkitam cgml gn tjf rftrimtgr iccgws sunnamafet nrff`gk gn kgvfkfet ge tjf sfit `uraed egrkic gpfritage gn tjf truml.
Rucc tjf sfi sfitt ofct (9) gut gn tjf rftrimtg rftrimtgrr watj i skggtj skggtj
-
Rrfss ttjf jf rf` outtge (6) ge ttjf jf ofct oumlcf (0) (0) tg `a `asfedidf sfedidf
-
kgvfkfet. Rcimf tjf sfit sfit ofc ofctt gvfr tjf cgae cgae irf irfi, i, egt gvfr tj tjf f ofccy. ofccy.
-
tjf ofct. _fture _fture tj tjf f tged tgeduf uf (?) oi oiml ml tg tj tjf f rgcc rgccfr fr (=) oy jie` jie`..
-
Fedidf Fedidf ttjf jf ttgedu geduf f (?) ae tjf tjf cgml cgml (0). (0).
-
Mjfml Mjfml sfit o ofct fct tfesa tfesage. ge. Pj Pjf f ofct sjguc sjguc` ` of seud ge ge tjf og`y.
6
Rucc gut tjf tjf lego ge tjf i`husta i`hustaed ed jie` jie`wjffc wjffc (92) (92) ie` ture tjf jie`wjffc tg sft tjf musjageaed tg tjf wfadjt gn tjf `ravfr. Pjf i`hustkfet riedf nrgk 62 ld tg 9=2 ld as vasaocf it tjf wfadjt riedf ae`amitgr (1). Pg aemrfisf tjf wfadjt, ture jie`wjffc mcgmlwasf. Pg rf`umf tjf wfadjt, ture jie`wjffc ieta-mcgmlwasf.
-
Pg i` i`hust hust tjf tjf oimlrfst oimlrfst u upjgcstf pjgcstfry* ry* (>), kgvf o outtge uttge (4) uetac i mgkngrtiocf sattaed pgsatage as rfimjf`. Pureaed tjf lego ieta-mcgmlwasf kilfs tjf oimlrfst upjgcstfry irmj gut. Pureaed tjf lego mcgmlwasf rftures tjf oimlrfst upjgcstfry tg ats gradaeic pgsatage.
Gpfeaed tjf sfit ofct
-
0
-
EGPF I ofct wjamj rftures tgg nist mie traddfr tjf iutgkitam cgml wjfe tjf tgeduf jats tjf femcgsurf. Pjf ofct mie tjfe egt of puccf` gut watj tjf usuic ngrmf.
EGPF Cged sattaed puts fxmfssavf striae ge tjf spaeic mgcuke. Rrfvfet striae watj rfducir, cadjt fxfrmasaed.
* Gptage
>
I`hustaed tjf gpfritgr sfit
9
?
-
Ngr i jgrazget jgrazgetic ic i`hu i`hustkfet stkfet gn tjf sfit, p pucc ucc tjf tjf i`husti`hustkfet cfvfr (:) gut.
-
]ca`f tjf sfi sfitt ae ttjf jf dua` dua`f f riacs fatjfr ngrwir` gr oiml uetac tjf gptakuk pgsatage ae rfcitage tg tjf stffraed wjffc, immfcfritgr pf`ics ie` mgetrgc cfvfrs as gotiaef`.
-
_f _f-f -fed edid idf f tj tjf f cf cfvf vfr. r.
-
Pjf i` i`hustkf hustkfet et gn tjf o oimlrfst imlrfst as oy kfies gn tj tjf f oimlrfst oimlrfst i`hustfr (99).
-
Rusj Rusj up ie ie` ` jgc jgc` ` tjf oimlr oimlrfst fst i i`hus `hustfr tfr (99). (99).
-
Pact Pact tjf oim oimlrfs lrfstt ngrw ngrwir` ir` gr oim oiml l ueta uetacc tjf pgsata pgsatage ge as mgkngrtiocf ngr tjf `ravfr.
-
_fcfisf _fcfisf tjf oim oimlrfs lrfstt i` i`hust hustfr fr (9 (99). 9).
99
4
92 =
t=6?-2=/29
1
: t=6? -2=/2?
?=
]tirtaed tjf fedaef
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
]tirtaed tjf fedaef EGPF An it icc pgssaocf, ivga` nrfqufet fedaef stirts ie` sjgrt `uty mymcfs sg tjit tjf fedaef mie rfimj ats gpfritaed tfkpfriturf. Nrfqufet mgc` stirts aemrfisf fedaef wfir.
EGPF Tjfe ouzzfr* ouzzfs (niuct ae sgge pirtamucitf nactfr systfk, vfrsage AA), mge`umt i cikp tfst (sff Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f (@afsfc fedaef), Rgssaocf Miusf,
Pjf `a `asmjir smjirdf df ae`a ae`amitg mitgr, r, feda fedaef ef gac prfssur prfssurf, f, sgg sggtt pirtamucitf nactfr* ie` CJM mgetrgc wireaed cadjts kust fxtaeduasj wjfe tjf fedaef as rueeaed. Fedaef spff` as dgvfref` iutgkitamiccy, `fpfe`aed ge tjf
EGPF Icc mgetrgc cfvfrs kust of ae efutric.
Mgrrfmtage). An tjf ouzzfr mgetaeufs tg ouzz mgetimt ygur Cae`f `ficfr. - Pjf C CJM JM wir wireaed eaed ccadjt adjt (92) wacc wacc accuk accukaei aeitf. tf. - Fedae Fedaef f gac prfssur prfssurf f wireaed wireaed (4) (4) ie` oittf oittfry ry mjir mjirdf df wir wireaed eaed (1) cikps accukaeitf rf`. Pjf prfjfit ae`amitgr (:) ie` pirtamcf nactfr wireaed cadjt* (>) irf accukaeitf` yfccgw. - Is sg sgge ge is tjf p prfjfita rfjfitaed ed ae ae`amitgr `amitgr cadjt fxtaedu fxtaeduasjfs, asjfs, ture tjf adeatage lfy tg pgsatage AA. - Gpfritf tjf st stirtfr irtfr ngr ?2 sfmge`s watjgu watjgutt aet aetfrruptag frruptage. e. _fcfisf tjf lfy is sgge is tjf fedaef jis stirtf` ie` as rueeaed skggtjcy. - An tj tjf f fedae fedaef f `gfs egt st stirt, irt, mfisf ttjf jf stir stirtaed taed p prgmf`urf rgmf`urf ie` rfpfit at intfr i piusf.
cgi`.
EGPF Ge mfrtiae Cae`f ngrl trumls (fd watj mgetiaefr gvfrjfi` duir`, swavfc sfit) tjf tgrsg mcfiriemf as rf`umf`. Pjfrfngrf gecy pfrsges watj i jfi`rggk gn =2 kk oftwffe tjf jfi` ie` gvfrjfi` duir` sjguc` gpfritf tjas truml. ]a ]att `g `gwe we g ge e tj tjf f `ravf `ravfr‑s r‑s s sfit fit.. - Ip Ippc pcy y ttjf jf s sfi fitt of ofct ct.. Rcimf Rcimf ogt ogtj j nfft g ge e tjf imm immfcf fcfritg ritgrr pf`i pf`ics cs (0) (0).. - Orilf pf`ic (6) cgm cgmlf` lf` (fedaef (fedaef w wacc acc stirt stirt ge gecy cy watj watj oril orilf f pf`ic cgmlf`). Aesfrt tjf lfy (9) aetg aetg tjf prfjfit prfjfit/stirt /stirt swatmj ie` tu ture re nrgk tjf zfrg pgsatage tg pgsatage A. Pjf fcfmtramic systfk as turef` ge. * Gptage
Tiat it cfist 9 kaeutf oftwffe stirtaed ittfkpts tg spirf tjf oittfry. An tjf fedaef `gfs egt stirt intfr tjf tjar` ittfkpt, rfnfr tg8 Fedaef Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f.
4
:
1
>
92
-
EGPF _fnfr tg rfdfefritaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr an gef gn tjf wireaed cadjts (?) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr* gr an wireaed cadjt (>) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*. TI_EAED @g egt cft tjf fedaef rue ae uevfetacitf` femcgsf` spimfs. _asl gn miroge kgegxa`f pgasgeaed! EGPF @g egt wirk up tjf fedaef it a`cf spff`. Pjf fedaef wacc rfimj gpfritaed tfkpfriturf intfr rueeaed orafncy watj i kg`fritf cgi` ie` it vi ragus spff`s.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62-2=/26
?0
]tgppaed tjf fedaef, kicnuemtages
Ofdaeeaed gpfritage
]tgppaed tjf fedaef
Kicnuemtages `uraed gpfritage
EGPF @g egt stgp tjf fedaef watj i nucc cgi`.
MIVPAGE An gef gn tjf ngccgwaed ae`amitgr cikps accukaeitfs `uraed gpfritage, tjf fedaef kust of st gppf` akkf`aitfcy ie` tjf kicnuemtage fcakaeitf`. (sff8 @afsfc Fedaef Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f)
_fcfisf _fcfisf tjf immfcfr immfcfritg itgrr pf`ics pf`ics (=).
Pur Pure e swatmj swatmj lfy ((?) ?) tg tjf zfrg pgsatag pgsatage. e. -
EGPF Pjf orilf fedidfs wjfe tjf fedaef as stgppf`.
Rusj Rusj up pir pirlaed laed orilf orilf cf cfvfr vfr (9).
Rusj ` `gwe gwe stgp stgp pf`ic (0). Pj Pjf f stgp pf`ic f fedidfs edidfs ae tja tjas s pgsatage.
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf swat swatmj mj lfy wjf wjfe e cfiv cfivaed aed tj tjf f trum truml l ueit ueit--
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Mggc Mggciet iet ttfkp fkpfrit friturf urf w wirea ireaed ed cadjt cadjt ((9) 9) Jy`r Jy`riuca iucam m gac tfk tfkpfri pfriturf turf w wirea ireaed ed cadjt cadjt (?) Fedaef Fedaef gac prfss prfssurf urf w wirea ireaed ed ccadjt adjt (=) Oittfr Oittfry y mji mjirdf rdf ae`a ae`amitg mitgrr cadjt cadjt (6) Nie Nie GE ae`ami ae`amitg tgrr cadj cadjtt (>) (>)
EGPF Pjf iar nactfr kust of sfrvamf` an tjf iar nactfr wireaed cadjt (1) mgkfs ge `uraed gpfritage. An tjf yfccgw ae`amitgr cadjt (4) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*, tjf rfdfefritage kust of pfrngrkf` watjae tjf efxt jgur. _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr an tjf pirtamcf nactfr wireaed cadjt (0) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*.
IPPFEPAGE An wireaed cadjt (:) gn tjf CJM-mgetrgc as ncisjaed, i systfk niuct jis gmmurrf` ae tjf fcfmtrgeam mgetrgc ueat. @fpfe`aed upge tjf niuct, tjf truml mie fatjfr gecy of `ravfe it i scgw spff` gr egt it icc. Pjf niuct mie of `ftfrkaef` watj tjf `aidegstam ueat. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
tfe`f`.
* Gptage
9 ?
=
0
4
6
>
? 9
:
1
=
0
=
`=62-2=/2>
`=62-2=/64
`=62-2=/6:
?6
Privfc
Gpfritage _fvfrsf trivfc
Privfc MIVPAGE Privfc ge cged scgpfs gvfr 96 % as egt iccgwf` is i rucf `uf tg tjf prfsmraof` kaeakuk orilf ippcamitages ie` truml stioacaty mjirimtfrastams. Ofngrf
EGPF Tjfe tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr wireaed cadjt* (?) watj tjf viraiet A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*, gr wireaed cadjt* (4) watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr* rfnfr tg rfdfefritaed
`ravaed ge stffpfr scgpfs, ygu sjguc` mgesuct ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Pjf mcakoaed ioacaty ritfs davfe ae tjf `iti sjfft wfrf `fravf` nrgk tjf trimtavf ngrmf gn tjf truml ie` tjfy ippcy gecy ngr mrgssaed gosti mcfs ie` ngr sjgrt `annfrfemfs ae cfvfc. Icwiys immgkkg`itf ygur `ravaed stycf tg suat tjf mge`atages gn tjf rgi`wiy (rgudj surnimfs, ftm.), fspfmaiccy jizir`gus wgrl irfis ie` tjf cgi`.
tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr. ]t ]tir irtt tjf tjf feda fedaef ef..
Mjiedaed tjf trivfc `arfmtage
MIVPAGE Tjfe usaed rfir vafw karrgrs at sjguc` of egtf` tjit tjf cittfr irf gecy prgva`f` tg kgeatgr tjf rfir trinnam irfi ie` tjit rfv frsaed as gecy iccgwf` watj i `arfmt vafw ae tjf rfvfrsf `arfmtage gn trivfc.
Fcfvit Fcfvitf f tjf ngr ngrls ls scad scadjtc jtcy y ie` tac tactt tjf ki kist st oiml oiml..
Rusj ttjf jf pirl pirlaed aed orilf orilf cf cfvfr vfr (9) ngrwir` ngrwir`.. Pjf stgp pf`ic pf`ic (6) `asfedidfs.
_fcfisf tjf imtuitf` imtuitf` immfcfri immfcfritgr tgr p pf`ic. f`ic. Pjf jy`rgstit jy`rgstitam am `ravf wacc imt is sfrvamf orilf.
@fprfss tjf i immfcfrit mmfcfritgr gr pf` pf`ic ic ng ngrr tjf gppgsatf `arfmtage `arfmtage gn trivfc. Pjf truml wacc egw of immfcfritf` ae tjf sfcfmtf` `arfmtage.
@uraed trivfc, lffp ogtj ogtj nfft nfft ge tjf immfcfrit immfcfritgr gr pf`i pf`ics cs ae gr`fr tg of iocf tg mgetrgc icc kgvfkfets gn tjf truml fisacy.
Pjf im immfcfritg mfcfritgrr pf`i pf`ics cs mie of gpfritf` gpfritf` nrgk ngrwir` tg rfvfrsf trivfc `arfmtcy. Pjf jy`rgstitam `ravf wacc orilf tjf truml tg i stie`stacc ie` tjfe immfcfritf at ae tjf gppgsatf `arfmtage.
Ngrwir` trivfc
@fprfss tjf radjt immfcfri immfcfritgr tgr p pf`ic f`ic (0) sk skggtjcy. ggtjcy. Pruml spff` wacc aemrfisf watj tjf pf`ic strglf.
EGPF Yuaml ncggraed gn tjf immfcfritgr pf`ic as egt rfmgkkfe`f` is tjf kixakuk immfcfritage ritf as rfducitf` iutgkitamiccy.
@fprfss tjf cf cfnt nt im immfcfritg mfcfritgrr pf`i pf`icc (>) skggtjcy. skggtjcy. Pjf Pjf truml truml wacc rfvfrsf it i spff` `fpfe`aed ge tjf pgsatage gn tjf immfcfritgr pf`ic.
* Gptage
]tgppaed
4
-
]cgwcy ]cgwcy rfc rfcfis fisf f tjf `fpr `fprfssf fssf` ` immfc immfcfrit fritgr gr pf`ic. pf`ic. Pjf jy`rgstitam trivfc `ravf wacc imt is sfrvamf orilf.
-
Tjfe stgppaed stgppaed ge dri`afets dri`afets `uraed `uraed updri`f trivfc, cfivf ogtj nfft ge tjf pf`ics ie` fquicasf iey `ravf scappidf `uf tg tfmjeamic rfisges oy `fprfssaed tjf pf`ic scadjtcy, gr
-
`fpr `fprfss fss ttjf jf orilf orilf p pf`i f`icc ngr i cged cged stgp. stgp.
-
Tjfe `a `askguet skguetaed aed nrgk nrgk tjf truml watj watj ttjf jf fedaef fedaef ruee rueeaed, aed, ngr fxikpcf, ae gr`fr tg orafncy pfrngrk sgkf imtage ae mcgsf vamaeaty tg tjf truml (gpfeaed i ditf, uejatmjaed i triacfr, ftm.), tjf orilf pf`ic kust of `fprfssf` ie` cgmlf`, gpfe tjf sfit ofct. ]jut `gwe tjf fedaef an kilaed i cged stgp. Tjfe cfivaed tjf truml ueittfe`f`, rfkgvf tjf adeatage lfy.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62-2=/6>
?>
]aedcf-pf`ic kg`fc
Gpfritage
]tirtaed tjf fedaef
EGPF Ge mfrtiae Cae`f ngrl trumls (fd watj mgetiaefr gvfrjfi` duir`, swavfc sfit) tjf tgrsg mcfiriemf as rf`umf`. Pjfrfngrf gecy pfrsges watj i jfi`rggk gn =2 kk oftwffe tjf jfi` ie` gvfrjfi` duir` sjguc` gpfritf tjas truml. ]at ]at `g `gwe we g ge e tj tjf f `ravf `ravfr‑ r‑s s sfit. sfit. - Ip Ippc pcy y tj tjf f sfit sfit ofct ofct.. ]tgp pf`ic (6) as cgmlf` (fedaef wacc stirt gecy watj watj ttjf jf orilf pf`ic cgmlf`). Pjf tr trivfc ivfc `arfmtage `arfmtage mgetrgc cfvfr (?) (?) ie` tjf mg mgetrgc etrgc ccfvfr fvfr kust of ae tjf efutric pgsatage.
EGPF Tjfe ouzzfr* ouzzfs (niuct ae sgge pirtamucitf nactfr systfk, vfrsage AA), mge`umt i cikp tfst (sff Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f (@afsfc fedaef), Rgssaocf Miusf, Mgrrfmtage). An tjf ouzzfr mgetaeufs tg ouzz mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. - Pjf C CJM JM wir wireaed eaed cadj cadjtt (92) w wacc acc accuk accukaeit aeitf. f. - Fedae Fedaef f gac p prfssurf rfssurf wireae wireaed d (4) ie ie` ` oitt oittfry fry mjirdf mjirdf wire wireaed aed (1) cikps accukaeitf rf`. Pjf prfjfit ae`amitgr (:) ie` tjf viraiet AA pirtamcf nactfr wireaed cadjt* (>) irf accukaeitf` yfccgw. - Is sg sgge ge is tjf p prfjfita rfjfitaed ed ae ae`amitgr `amitgr cadjt fxtaeduasjfs, fxtaeduasjfs, ture tjf swatmj lfy tg pgsatage AA. - Gpfritf tjf st stirtfr irtfr ngr ? ?2 2 sfmge sfmge`s `s wat watjgut jgut aetfrrup aetfrruptage. tage. _fcfisf tjf lfy is sgge is tjf fedaef jis stirtf` ie` as rueeaed skggtjcy.
Pjf ` `asmji asmjirdf rdf ae ae`amit `amitgr, gr, fe fedaef daef gac gac prfssurf prfssurf,, sggt pirtamucitf nactfr* ie` CJM mgetrgc wireaed cadjts kust fxtaeduasj wjfe tjf fedaef as rueeaed. Fedaef spff` as dgvfref` iutgkitamiccy, `fpfe`aed ge tjf cgi`.
-
Pjf fedaef wacc ittiae ats rueeaed tfkpfriturf intfr rueeaed orafncy watj i kg`fritf cgi` ie` it v iragus spff`s.
EGPF An it icc pgssaocf, ivga` nrfqufet fedaef stirts ie` sjgrt `uty mymcfs sg tjit tjf fedaef mie rfimj ats gpfritaed tfkpfriturf. Nrfqufet mgc` stirts aemrfisf fedaef wfir.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Aesfrt tjf swatmj swatmj lf lfy y (9) aetg tjf aadeatage deatage swatmj ie` tture ure nrgk tjf zfrg pgsatage tg pgsatage A. Pjf fcfmtramic systfk as egw swatmjf` ge.
An tj tjf f feda fedaef ef `gfs egt stirt, stirt, mf mfisf isf tj tjf f stirt stirtaed aed prgmf`urf prgmf`urf ie` rfpfit at intfr i piusf. Tiat it cfist 9 kaeutf oftwffe stirtaed ittfkpts tg spirf tjf oittfry. An tjf fedaef `gfs egt stirt intfr tjf tjar` ittfkpt, rfnfr tg8 Fedaef Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f.
* Gptage
?
4
=
:
-
EGPF _fnfr tg rfdfefritaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr an gef gn tjf wireaed cadjts (0) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr* gr an wireaed cadjt (>) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*. TI_EAED @g egt cft tjf fedaef rue ae uevfetacitf` femcgsf` spimfs. _asl gn miroge kgegxa`f pgasgeaed! EGPF @g egt wirk up tjf fedaef ae a`cf.
1
>
92
9
0 6
`=62-2=/26
`=69-2=/=6
?4
]aedcf-pf`ic kg`fc
Gpfritage
]tgppaed tjf fedaef
Kicnuemtages `uraed gpfritage
EGPF @g egt stgp tjf fedaef watj i nucc cgi`.
IPPFEPAGE An gef gn tjf ngccgwaed ae`amitgr cikps accukaeitfs `uraed gpfritage, tjf fedaef kust of stgppf` akkf`aitfcy ie` tjf kicnuemtage fcakaeitf`.
EGPF Pjf iar nactfr kust of sfrvamf` an tjf iar nactfr wireaed cadjt (1) mgkfs ge `uraed gpfritage. An tjf yfccgw ae`amitgr cadjt (4) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet
(sff8 @afsfc Fedaef Prguocfsjggtaed Dua`f)
A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*, tjf rfdfefritage kust of pfrngrkf` watjae tjf efxt jgur. _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr an tjf pirtamcf nactfr wireaed cadjt (0) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*.
_fcfisf _fcfisf tjf immfcfri immfcfritgr tgr pf` pf`ic ic ((0). 0).
Rcimf tjf trivfc trivfc ` `arfmtag arfmtage e mget mgetrgc rgc cf cfvfr vfr (=) ae tjf tjf efut efutric ric pgsatage.
Pur Pure e tjf swat swatmj mj lf lfy y (?) tg tg tjf zfrg zfrg p pgsat gsatage age..
EGPF Pjf orilf fedidfs wjfe tjf fedaef stgps.
]ft ttjf jf pirla pirlaed ed ori orilf lf cfvfr cfvfr (9) ttg g tjf vfrtami vfrtamicc pgsat pgsatage. age.
@fprfss tjf stgp stgp pf` pf`ic ic (6). Pjf pf`ic pf`ic wa wacccc fed fedidf idf ae tjas pgsatage.
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf swat swatmj mj lfy wjfe wjfe cfi cfivaed vaed ttjf jf truml truml uei ueitttfe`f`.
-
Mggciet Mggciet tfkpfri tfkpfritur turf f wire wireaed aed cadjt cadjt (9) Jy`r Jy`riuc iucam am gac tf tfkpf kpfrit riturf urf wir wireae eaed d cadjt cadjt (?) Fedaef Fedaef gac prfs prfssurf surf wireaed wireaed cadjt cadjt ((=) =) Oittfry Oittfry mjir mjirdaed daed ae` ae`amit amitgr gr cadjt cadjt (6) Nie Nie GE ae`am ae`amit itgr gr cad cadjt jt ((>) >)
IPPFEPAGE An wireaed cadjt (:) gn tjf CJM-mgetrgc irf ncisjaed, i systfk niuct jis gmmurrf` ae tjf fcfmtrgeam mgetrgc ueat. @fpfe`aed upge tjf niuct, tjf truml mie fatjfr gecy of `ravfe i scgw spff` gr egt it icc. Pjf niuct mie of `ftfrkaef` watj tjf `aidegstam ueat. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
* Gptage
9
?
=
=
?
0
=
6
>
9 : 4 1
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
6
0
`=62-2=/2>
`=69-2=/=:
`=62-2=/0?
?:
]aedcf-pf`ic kg`fc
Gpfritage
Privfc
_fvfrsf trivfc
MIVPAGE Privfc ge cged scgpfs gvfr 96 % as egt iccgwf` is i rucf `uf tg tjf prfsmraof` kaeakuk orilf ippcamitages ie` truml stioacaty mjirimtfrastams. Ofngrf `ravaed ge stffpfr scgpfs, ygu sjguc` mgesuct ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Pjf mcakoaed ioacaty ritfs davfe ae tjf `iti sjfft wfrf `fravf` nrgk tjf trimtavf ngrmf gn tjf t ruml ie` tjfy ippcy gecy ngr mrgssaed go-stimcfs ie` ngr sjgrt `annfrfemfs ae cfvfc. Icwiys immgkkg`itf ygur `ravaed stycf tg suat tjf mge`atages gn tjf rgi`wiy (rgudj surnimfs, ftm.), fspfmaiccy jizir`gus wgrl irfis ie` tjf cgi`. MIVPAGE Tjfe usaed rfir vafw karrgrs at sjguc` of egtf` ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
tjit tjf cittfr irf gecy prgva`f` tg kgeatgr tjf rfir trinnam irfi ie` tjit rfvfrsaed as gecy iccgwf` watj i `arfmt vafw ae tjf rfvfrsf `arfmtage gn trivfc. * Gptage
EGPF _fnfr tg rfdfefritaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr an gef gn tjf wireaed cadjts (0) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet A sggt pirtamucitf nactfr* gr an wireaed cadjt (4) accukaeitfs watj tjf viraiet AA sggt pirtamucitf nactfr*.
]t ]tir irtt tjf tjf feda fedaef ef..
]cadjt ]cadjtcy cy rias riasf f tjf ng ngrls rls ie` ta tact ct tjf k kist ist oimlwi oimlwir`. r`.
Rusj Rusj tjf pir pirlae laed d orilf cf cfvfr vfr (9) nngrwi grwir` r` tg rfcfisf rfcfisf tjf tjf stgp pf`ic (>).
Ruc Ruccc oiml tjf tjf trivfc trivfc `arfmt `arfmtage age mg mgetrg etrgcc cfvf cfvfrr (?).
@fprfss @fprfss tj tjf f immfc immfcfrit fritgr gr pf`i pf`icc (6) dfetcy dfetcy.. Prum Pruml l spff` `fpfe`s ge jgw nir tjf pf`ic as pusjf`.
Mjiedaed tjf trivfc `arfmtage
_fcfisf tjf `fprfssf` `fprfssf` immf immfcfritgr cfritgr pf`ic (6). Pjf jy`rgjy`rgstitam `ravf wacc imt is sfrvamf orilf.
]jant tjf trivfc trivfc `arfmtage `arfmtage mgetrgc cfvfr (?) tg tjf gp gppgsatf pgsatf trivfc `arfmtage.
Ngrwir` trivfc
@fprfss tjf i immfcfrit mmfcfritgr gr pf` pf`ic ic (6). Pjf cant cant ttruml ruml wacc wacc of immfcfritf` ae tjf efw `arfmtage gn trivfc.
]jant ]jant tjf ttrivf rivfcc `arfmta `arfmtage ge cfv cfvfr fr (?) ng ngrwir rwir`. `.
-
@fprfss @fprfss tj tjf f immfc immfcfrit fritgr gr pf`i pf`icc (6) dfetcy. dfetcy. Pruml Pruml spff spff` ` `fpfe`s ge jgw ngr tjf pf`ic as `fprfssf`.
Pjf tr trivfc ivfc `a `arfmtage rfmtage mgetrgc cfvfr (?) (?) mie of sjan sjantf` tf` nrgk nrgk ngrwir` trivfc `arfmtcy tg rfvfrsf trivfc. Pjf jy`rgstitam `ravf wacc orilf tjf cant truml tg i stie`stacc ie` tjfe immfcfritf tjf truml ae tjf gppgsatf trivfc `arfmtage.
EGPF Yuaml ncggraed gn tjf immfcfritgr pf`ic as egt rfmgkkfe`f` is tjf kixakuk immfcfritage ritf as rfducitf` iutgkitamiccy.
]tgppaed -
]cgwcy ]cgwcy rfc rfcfisf fisf tj tjf f `fprfssf` `fprfssf` im immfcf mfcfrit ritgr gr pf`i pf`ic. c. Pjf jy`rgstitam trivfc `ravf wacc imt is sfrvamf orilf.
-
Tjfe stgppa stgppaed ed ge dri`afet dri`afets s `ur `uraed aed updri`f updri`f trivfc, cfivf tjf nggt ge tjf immfcfritgr pf`ic, sft tjf `arfm tageic cfvfr (?) tg tjf –upjacc‛ pgsatage ie` fquicasf iey `ravf scappidf `uf tg tfmjeamic rfisges oy `fprfssaed tjf pf`ic scadjtcy, gr
-
`fp `fprfss rfss ttjf jf or orilf ilf p pf`ic f`ic ngr i cge cged d stgp. stgp.
-
Tjfe ` `askguet askguetaed aed nrgk nrgk tjf tjf truml watj ttjf jf fedaef fedaef rue rueeaed, eaed, ngr fxikpcf, ae gr`fr tg orafncy pfrngrk sgkf imtage ae mcgsf vamaeaty tg tjf truml (gpfeaed i ditf, uejatmjaed i triacfr, ftm.), tjf orilf pf`ic kust of `fprfssf` ie` cgmlf`, gpfe tjf sfit ofct. ]jut `gwe tjf fedaef an kilaed i cged stgp. Tjfe cfivaed tjf truml ueittfe`f`, rfkgvf tjf adeatage lfy.
4
`=62-2=/6>
?1
]tffraed systfk, orilaed systfk
Gpfritage
]tffraed
Rirlaed orilf
@uf tg tjf jy`rgstitam pgwfr stffraed, vfry cattcf fnngrt as rfquarf` tg ture tjf stffraed wjffc. Pjas as fspfmaiccy i`vietidfgus wjfe stimlaed ae eirrgw iascfs. ]tirt ]tirt tjf tjf fe fedaef daef ie` `ravf `ravf tjf truml truml..
IPPFEPAGE Ngr fkfrdfemy orilaed `fprfss tjf ]PGR pf`ic cgmitf` oftwffe tjf immfcfritgr pf`ics. Pjas wacc oraed tjf truml tg i nucc stgp.
Pjf kuctapcf `asm orilfs irf usf` is i pirlaed orilf.
EGPF At as rfmgkkfe`f` tjit tjf gpfritgr imquiaet jaksfcn watj tjf nuemtage ie` fnnfmt gn tjas orilf watjgut i cgi` ge tjf truml. @ravf ge i rgi`wiy watjgut trinnam it i scgw spff`.
]tgp pf`ic
EGPF Pjf kuctapcf `asm orilfs wacc gecy of rfcfisf` wjfe tjf fedaef as rueeaed.
Pure ttjf jf stffraed stffraed wjffc wjffc nr nrgk gk cfnt cfnt tg radjt nnucc ucc cg cgml ml ie` vamf vfrsi.
TI_EAED Mgetimt ygur `astraoutgr an stffraed ofmgkfs jir` gr an tjfrf as fxmfssavf pciy ae tjf stffraed wjffc. @g egt `ravf tjf cant truml watj i niucty stffraed systfk. Pureaed ri`aus J 9? .......... .................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............910: ...910: J 9> .......... .................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............9112 ...9112 - J 9: .......... .................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............?2?> ...?2?> - J ?2 .......... .................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..............?926 ...?926
kk kk kk kk
]frvamf orilf
Iccgw Iccgw tjf im immfcf mfcfritg ritgrr pf`i pf`ics cs tg rfture rfture tg tj tjf f efut efutric ric pgsatage. Pjf jy`rgstitam `ravf wacc imt is i sfrv amf orilf. Orilaed mie of mgetrgccf` nrgk sgnt tg jir` orilaed watj sfesatavaty oy rfcfisaed tjf immfcfritgr pf`ics scgwcy gr quamlcy.
IPPFEPAGE Pjf stgp pf`ic (9) `gfs egt gpfritf i sfesatavf sfrvamf orilf out i narkcy-imtaed pirlaed orilf. Ivga` usaed at wjacf `ravaed is tjf trimtage wjffcs mie ocgml ue` tjf cgi` pgssaocy sca`f gnn tjf ngrls. Ae uenivguriocf marmukstiemfs tjf fedaef kiy icsg sticc. Ae tjas misf wiat =2 sfmge`s ofngrf rfstirtaed at uetac tjf trimtage `ravf pukp jis rfturef` tg efutric.
Ippcyaed tjf pirlaed orilf8 ]ft ttjf jf pirlaed pirlaed ori orilf lf cfvfr cfvfr (?) ttg g tjf vfrtamic vfrtamic pgsat pgsatage. age. @fprfss tjf stg stgp p pf`ic pf`ic (9). Pjf stgp stgp pf`ic pf`ic wacc cgml ae tjas pgsatage.
_fcfisaed tjf pirlaed orilf8
Rusj tjf pi pirlaed rlaed o orilf rilf cf cfvfr vfr (?) ngrwir` tg `a `asfedidf sfedidf tjf stgp pf`ic.
TI_EAED Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr an niucts gr sades gn wfir ofmgkf fva`fet ae tjf orilaed systfk. @g egt `ravf tjf truml watj i niucty orilaed systfk.
9 ?
9
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=69-2?/==
`=62-=/261
`=69-2?/=6
=2
Mfetric cfvfr gpfritage gn cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets MIVPAGE Vsf tjf cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets gecy ngr iutjgrasf` ippcamitages. Pjf gpfritgr kust of aestrumtf` ae tjf jie`caed gn tjf cantaed `fvamf ie` itt imjkfets. Gosfrvf tjf kixakuk jadjt gn cant. Efvfr rfimj gr kgvf ygursfcn aetg tjf cant ki st gr aetg tjf spimf oftwffe cant kist ie` truml. Icwiys gpfritf tjf mgetrgc cfvfr skggtjcy, egt hfrlacy. Pjf cantaed, cgwfraed ie` tactaed spff` as `ftfrkaef` oy jgw nir tjf mgetrgc cfvfr as kgvf`. Pjf mgetrgc cfvfrs rfture tg tjfar efutric pgsatage iutgkitamiccy wjfe rfcfisf`. EGPF Egtf tjf gpfritaed sykogcs watj `arfmtage irrgws.
Pactaed tjf kist ngrwir` ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Rusj Rusj tj tjf f mg mgetr etrgc gc ccfvfr fvfr (9) ngrwir`. ngrwir`.
Pactaed tjf kist oiml
Gpfritage
Cantaed tjf ngrl mirraidf
Gpfritaed tjf sa`fsjant
Pg kg kgvf vf tjf sa`fsja sa`fsjant nt tg tjf cfnt, cfnt, p pusj usj tjf mgetrgc cfvfr (?) (?) ngrwir`.
Pg kg kgvf vf tjf sa`fsja sa`fsjant nt tg tjf radjt, radjt, pucc pucc tjf tjf mgetrgc mgetrgc cfvfr (?) oiml.
Rusj Rusj tjf mgetrgc mgetrgc ccfvfr fvfr ((9) 9) tg tjf tjf ra radjt djt..
Cgwfraed tjf ngrl mirraidf
Rusj Rusj tjf mgetrgc mgetrgc ccfvfr fvfr (9) tg tg tj tjf f cfn cfnt. t. MIVPAGE Fvfe wjfe tjf kgtgr as swatmjf` gnn as at pgssaocf tg cgwfr tjf ngrl mirraidf gr tjf kist.
Gpfritaed tjf mcikp
Pg gpf gpfe e tjf mci mcikp, kp, pusj pusj tjf mgetr mgetrgc gc cfvf cfvfrr (=) ngrw ngrwir`. ir`.
Gpfritaed tjf ittimjkfets
Pg mcg mcgsf sf tjf mcik mcikp, p, pucc pucc tjf mget mgetrgc rgc cfvfr cfvfr (= (=)) oiml oiml..
Ittimjkfets mie of aesticcf` is gptages (f.d. sa` fsjant, mcikp, ftm.). Gosfrvf tjf wgrlaed prfssurf ie` gpfritaed aestrumtages gn tjf ittimjkfets. Gef gr twg i``atageic mgetrgc cfvfrs irf nattf` ngr tjfar gpfritage.
MIVPAGE Ittimjkfets egt suppcaf` watj tjf truml kiy gecy of fkpcgyf` an ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ismfrtiaes tjit tjfy wacc egt rf`umf tjf cgi` mipimaty ie` stioacaty gn
EGPF Ngr fimj ittimjkfet, innax i cgi` mipimaty pcitf ie` i sykogc ciofc ge tjf ogeeft ie` i sykogc ciofc ofjae` tjf ipprgpraitf mgetrgc cfvfr.
tjf truml.
Ru Rucc cc ttjf jf mg mget etrgc rgc ccfvf fvfrr (9) o oiml iml..
`=69-2?/=>
=9
]aedcf-cfvfr gpfritage gn cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets MIVPAGE Vsf tjf cantaed `fvamf ie` ittimjkfets gecy ngr iutjgrasf` ippcamitages. Pjf gpfritgr kust of aestrumtf` ae tjf jie`caed gn tjf cantaed `fvamf ie` itti mjkfets. Gosfrvf tjf kixakuk jadjt gn cant. Efvfr rfimj gr kgvf ygursfcn aetg tjf cant kis t gr aetg tjf spimf oftwffe cant kist ie` truml.
Cgwfraed tjf ngrl mirraidf
Icwiys gpfritf tjf mgetrgc cfvfrs skggtjcy, egt hfrlacy. Pjf cantaed, cgwfraed ie` tactaed spff` as ` ftfrkaef` oy jgw nir tjf mgetrgc cfvfrs irf kgvf`. Pjf mgetrgc cfvfr rftures tg ats aeataic pgsatage iutgkitamiccy wjfe rfcfisf`.
Pactaed tjf kist ngrwir`
EGPF Egtf tjf gpfritaed sykogcs watj `arfmtage irrgws.
Cantaed tjf ngrl mirraidf
?
=
Rusj Rusj tjf tjf mg mgetrg etrgcc cf cfvfr vfr (9) ngrw ngrwir`. ir`.
0
EGPF Ngr fimj ittimjkfet innax i cgi` mipimaty pcitf ge tjf ogeeft ie` i sykogc ciofc `fpamtaed tjf ittimjkfet ofjae` tjf ipprgpraitf mgetrgc cfvfr.
MIVPAGE Fvfe wjfe tjf kgtgr as swatmjf` gnn as at pgssaocf tg cgwfr tjf ngrl mirraidf gr tjf kist.
Pactaed kist oiml
Gpfritaed tjf sa`fsjant
Pg kgvf sa`fsja sa`fsjant nt tg tjf tjf cfnt, cfnt, tjf pusj tjf tjf mgetrg mgetrgcc cfvfr (=) (=) ngrwir`. Pg kgv kgvf f sa`fsjant sa`fsjant ttg g tjf radjt, pucc mgetrgc mgetrgc cfvfr (=) (=) oiml.
Rusj Rusj tj tjf f mge mgetrg trgcc cfvfr cfvfr ((?) ?) nngrwi grwir`. r`.
Ru Rucc cc mget mgetrg rgcc cfvf cfvfrr (?) (?) oi oiml. ml.
Gpfritaed tjf ittimjkfets I``atageic fquapkfet mie of aesticcf` is gptage (f.d. sa`fsjant, mcikp, ftm.). Gosfrvf tjf wgrlaed prfssurf ie` gpfritaed aestrumtages gn tjf ittimjkfets. Gef gr twg i``atageic mgetrgc cfvfrs irf nattf` ngr tjfar gpfritage.
Rucc Rucc ttjf jf mgetrgc mgetrgc cfv cfvfr fr ((9) 9) oiml oiml..
9
Gpfritage
Gpfritaed tjf mcikp
Pg gpf gpfe e tjf mcikp, pusj tjf tjf mgetrgc mgetrgc ccfvfr fvfr (0) (0) ngrw ngrwir`. ir`. Pg mcg mcgsf sf tjf mc mcikp ikp,, pucc tjf tjf mgetrgc mgetrgc cfvfr cfvfr (0) oiml. oiml.
MIVPAGE Ittimjkfets egt suppcaf` watj tjf truml kiy gecy of fkpcgyf` an ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ismfrtiaes tjit i sinf gpfritage as issurf` ae rfspfmt tg cgi` mipimaty ie` stioacaty.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=69-2?/=1
=?
Tae`smrffe wapfrs*, cadjtaed*, jizir` wireaed cadjts*, wgrlaed cadjts*, ture ae`amitgr cadjts* Aesticcitage gn i``atageic fquapkfet
]watmjaed ge tjf cadjts
Gpfritaed tjf ture ae`amitgr cadjts
IPPFEPAGE Fcfmtramic i``atageic fquapkfet (cadjts, sfit jfitfr ftm.) sjguc` of mgeefmtf` tg tjf nrff mgeefmtgrs gn tjf miocf cggk prgva`f` ngr tjas purpgsf. Nurtjfr mgeefmtages ofyge` tjas ietamapitf` riedf irf gecy pfrkattf` intfr mgetimtaed Cae`f. Gecy quicanaf` slaccf` pfrsges wjg gosfrvf tjf ippcamiocf rucfs ie` usf ipprgpraitf kitfraic sjguc` mirry gut tjfsf imtavatafs.
@fprfss tjf cacadjt djt swa swatmj tmj (= (=)) tg tjf ae aetfrkf`a tfrkf`aitf itf pg pgsatage satage tg swatmj ge tjf sa`f kirlfr cadjts ie` camfesf pcitf cadjts. @fprfss @fprfss ttjf jf cadjt cadjt sw swatm atmj j tg sw swatm atmj j ge cg cgw w ofi ofik. k.
@fprfss @fprfss ttjf jf jizir` jizir` wi wireae reaed d cadjt cadjt swa swatmj tmj (0). (0).
Pureaed ge tjf nrget wae`smrffe wapfr
EGPF Pjf swatmjfs mie of irriedf` ae i `annfrfet gr`fr, `fpfe`aed ge tjf kg`fc. Rcfisf gosfrvf tjf swatm j sykogcs.
-
]watmjaed ge tjf nrget wgrlaed cadjts (4)
Pureaed ge tjf rfir wae`smrffe wapfr
-
Pjf wgrlaed cadjts irf turef` ge ie` gnn watj tgddcf swatm j (9). -
]watmjaed ge tjf rfir wgrlaed cadjt (:)
@fprf @fprfss ss swat swatmj mj (6) tgtjf ae aetfrk tfrkf`ait f`aitf f pgsatage pgsatage tg ture ture ge tjf tjf nrget wae`smrffe wapfr watj aetfrkattfet gpfritage. @fprfss swatmj (6) nnuccy uccy nngr gr mget mgetaeugus aeugus wapfr gpfritage. gpfritage.
@fprf @fprfss ss swat swatmj mj (>) tgtjf ae aetfrk tfrkf`ait f`aitf f pgsatage pgsatage tg ture ture ge tjf tjf nrget wae`smrffe wapfr watj aetfrkattfet gpfritage. @fprfss swatmj (>) nnuccy uccy nngr gr mget mgetaeugus aeugus wapfr gpfritage. gpfritage.
Pjf wgrlaed cadjts irf turef` ge ie` gnn watj tgddcf swatm j (?).
9
?
=
0
6
>
Kgvf tjf tu ture re ae`amitgr ae`amitgr swatmj (1) ge tjf stffraed stffraed mgcuke ngrwir` gr oiml tg gpfritf tjf ture ae`amitgr cadjts ge tjf cfnt gr radjt.
]watmjaed ge tjf jizir` wireaed cadjts
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Gpfritage
* Gptage
4
`=62-2=/=:
:
1
`=62/=?
`=62-2=/0=
==
Jfitfr, jgre
Gpfritage Gpfritaed tjf jgre
Jfitfr mgetrgcs Pjf nie swatmj (9) as usf` tg ture ge tjf nie ie` tg rfducitf tjf iar ncgw ae = stidfs. Pfkpfriturf mgetrgc cfvfr (=)8
cfvfr (0) up. Icc jfitfr mgetrgcs (fxmfpt tjf nie swatmj) irf aenaeatfcy viraiocf.
Ru Rusj sj up up ng ngrr cf cfss ss jfi jfit. t. Ru Rusj sj `gw `gwe e ng ngrr kgrf kgrf jfit jfit..
Iar ncgw mgetrgc cfvfr (0)8
Rusj up ngr kgrf kgrf iar aetilf tjrgudj tjf gp gpfeaed feaed (9 (92) 2) ae tjf tjf mioae. Rusj Rusj `gwe nngr gr iar aaeti etilf lf nrg nrgk k gut gutsa`f sa`f ttjf jf mio mioae. ae.
EGPF Tjfe cfvfr (=) as pusjf` up ie` cfvfr (0) `gwe, nrfsj iar nrgk gutsa`f tjf mioae ncgws tjrgudj tjf iar vfets ie` tjf iar gutcft. Pg prfvfet gutsa`f iar nrgk ofaed `riwe ae, pusj
Pjf swavfccaed iar vfets (6, > ie` 4) ie` tjf iar gutcft (?) mie of gpfef` saedcy. @fpfe`aed ge tjf pgsatage gn cfvfr (=), fatjfr wirk gr uewirkf` nrfsj iar ncgws tjrgudj tjf iar v fets ie` tjf iar gutcft.
* Gptage
9
4
? =
>
: 1
Rrfssae Rrfssaed d tjf jgre outtge outtge ge tjf stffrae stffraed d wjffc sgue`s tjf jgre.
Nie kgtgr nusf
]mrfw ttjf jf nusf jgc`fr (1) gut gn tjf misaed i ie` e` rfk rfkgvf gvf wat watj j tjf : ikpfrf nusf (:).
An efmfssiry, icsg mjfml nusf 1N90 ae nusf ogx AAA.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
6 0
Pjf jgre sfrvfs is wireaed sadeic wjfe gpfritaed it ocae` mgrefrs ie` huemtages.
92
`=6?-0/29:
`=69-2?/0>
=0
Nusfs
Gpfritage
Mjfml nusfs, rfefw an rfquarf` EGPF Ngr tjf prgtfmtage gn tjf fcfmtramic systfk, up tg = nusf ogxfs mie of aesticcf` ae tjf mgesgcf, `fpfe`aed ge tjf kg`fc. Pjf nusf ogxfs mie of immfssf` oy cgwfraed tjf mgvfr ge tjf ue`frsa`f gn tjf mgesgcf intfr nars t rfkgvaed 0 smrfws. -
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf mgvfr mgvfr gn tjf ippr ipprgpra gpraitf itf nusf nusf o ogx. gx.
Pjf nusfs prgtfmt tjf ngccgwaed marmuats8 Eukofrs gr cfttfrs ge tjf nusf ogxfs ie` ae tjf mgvfr (9 ; I cfnt).
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Nusf ogx* AA8 cadjtaed 9 Cfnt `ap ofik (6N6) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ....... ... 92 I ? _adjt `ap ofi ofik k (6N>) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 92 I = Cfnt sa` sa`f f kirlfr cacadjts djts (6N4 (6N4)) ......... .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ..... 6 I 0 _adjt sa sa`f `f kirlfr ccadjts adjts (6N (6N:)........ :)............ ........ ......... .......... .......... .......... ....... 6 I 6 Cadjt Cadjtaed aed kiae kiae nusf nusf tfrk tfrkaeic aeic 9 96 6 (6N1 (6N1)) ..... ......... ......... .......... ......... ...... .. 96 I > Cadjt Cadjtaed aed kiae kiae nu nusf sf tf tfrkaeic rkaeic =2 (6N92) (6N92) ..... .......... .......... ......... ........ .... 96 I
Nusf ogx A8 stie`ir` fquapkfet 9 ]tirt ]tirtfr fr rfciy (N?) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 6 I ? Mgkpg Mgkpgsatf satf aest aestrukfet rukfet (N (N=) =) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ...... 6 I = Adeatage Adeatage fcfmtrg fcfmtrgeams eams (N0) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 96 I 0 Jgre ie` iuxacairy iuxacairy rfciy tfrkaeic tfrkaeic 9 96 6 (N6 (N6)) ..... ......... ......... ......... .... 92 I 6 Fcfmtr Fcfmtrgeam geam trimta trimtage ge mgetrgc mgetrgccfr cfr CJM (9N94) ..... .......... .......... ......... .... 9 I > Fcfmtr Fcfmtrgeam geam trimta trimtage ge mgetrgc mgetrgccfr cfr CJM (9N9:) ..... .......... .......... ....... .. 96 I
Nusf ogx* AAA8 9 Jfitf Jfitfrr (1N90 (1N90)) ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ....... ... 92 I ? Tgrla Tgrlaed ed cadjt(1N9=)...... (1N9=).......... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 96 I = Tgrla Tgrlaed ed cadjt(1N9?)...... (1N9?).......... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 96 I 0 Tgrla Tgrlaed ed cadjt(1N99)...... (1N99).......... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... 96 I 6 _fir w wae`smrf ae`smrffe fe wap wapfr fr (1N (1N6) 6) ..... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ..... 92 I > Nrget wae`smr wae`smrffe ffe wap wapfr fr (1N0)........... (1N0)................ .......... .......... .......... ......... .... 92 I
Pjrff gtjfr KPI nusfs ae tjf fedaef mgkpirtkfet prgtfmt tjf ngccgwaed fcfmtram marmuats8 -
Gpf Gpfe e tjf oge ogeeft, eft, rfk rfkgvf gvf tjf tjf mgvfrs mgvfrs (4).
: Rrfjf Rrfjfitaed itaed rfciy (N:) .... ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ .... 62 I 1 Nie (1N9> (1N9>)) .... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .... =2 I 92 ]tirtfr, lfyswatmj (N9) ............. .......................... .......................... ................... ...... 62 I IPPFEPAGE Gecy usf dfeuaef Cae`f nusfs.
Pjf nusfs ngr tjf viraiet AA pirtamcf nactfr systfk* irf cgmitf` ae tjf nusf ogx tg tjf radjt gn tjf `ravfr ae tjf rfir wi cc. ?9 Kiae nusf (4N99)............. (4N99)......................... ........................ ........................ ...................=2 .......=2 I ?? Nie nusf (4N9?) ........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ......................?2 ...........?2 I ?= Kftfraed pukp sgcfega` vicvf (4N9=) ................ ..........................6 ..........6 I
* Gptage
?9 ?? ?=
: 4 1 9 ? = 0 6 >
92 AA
AAA
A
9 ? = 0 6 >
9 ? = 0 6 >
t=62-2?/=9
`=62/01
`=62-2=/90
=6
Ofngrf cantaed i cgi` Ofngrf cantaed i cgi`, mjfml tjf mipimaty `aidrik (9) ge tjf ogeeft. TI_EAED Tjfe ittimjkfets irf nattf`, mjfml tjf mipimaty pcitf (?) ngr tjit fquapkfet. Nadurfs stitf` ae tjf mipimaty `aidrik gr pcitf ippcy tg mgkpimt ie` rfducir cgi`s ie` kust egt of fxmff`f`, is tjas wacc rf`umf tjf stioacaty gn tjf ngrl truml ie` tjf strfedtj gn tjf ngrls ie` kist. Pjf kixakuk mipimaty as `ftfrkaef` oy tjf jfadjt gn cant ie` tjf cgi` mfetrf `astiemf. EGPF Mjfml tjf cgi` mipimaty cakats ie` mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ofngrf triespgrtaed gnn-mfe gnn-mfetrf trf gr swaeda swaedaed ed cgi`s, cgi`s, cgi`s watj tjf tjf kist tactf` ngrwir` gr tjf cgi` e egt gt efi efirr tjf drgue`, cgi`s cgi`s o ofyg fyge` e` ttjf jf m mfet fetrf rf g gnn dr driva ivaty, ty, ofn ofngrf grf gpfrit gpfritaed aed itt ittimj imjkfe kfets ts ie` immf immfssg ssgraf rafs, s, - ofngrf triespgrtaed triespgrtaed cgi`s it wae wae` ` ngrm ngrmf f > ie ie` ` jad jadjfr. jfr.
Gpfritage Fxikpcf Cgi` mfetrf `astiemf ............ ......................... .......................... ....................... .......... >22 kk
9
Kix. wfadjt wfadjt gn gn cg cgi`s i`s ae l ld d
Jfadjt gn cant ............. .......................... ........................... ........................... .................... ....... 6622 kk
?
Jfadj Jfadjtt gn ca cant nt ae k kk k
Ngccgw tjf vf vfrtamic rtamic caef nngr gr i cgi` cgi` `astiemf `astiemf gn >22 kk tg wjfrf at aetfrsfmts tjf caef ngr i jfadjt gn cant gn 6622 kk.
=
Ngrl ttruml ruml ttypf ypf wa watj tj ritf` ritf` mipimat mipimaty y
0
@astiemf gn cg cgi` i` mfetrf mfetrf nrgk nrgk ngrl ngrl-nimf -nimf aae e kk
_fi` tg tjf cf cfnt nt gn tjf pga pgaet et gn aetfrsf aetfrsfmtage mtage g gnn tjf jgrazgetic jgrazgetic caef ngr kix. pfrkattf` cgi`.
Kix. wfa wfadjt djt jfrf ........ ............ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ...... .. 122 ld
Rrgmff` immgr`aedcy ngr gtjfr cant jfadjts ie` cgi` mfetrf `astiemfs. ^icufs ismfrtiaef` ippcy tg fvf e `astraoutage gn tjf cgi` ge tjf ngrls. = 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9
9
? 2 ?
?
0 = 9 t=62-2=/?=
? `=69-2?/01
=>
Cgi`aed
Gpfritage
I`hustaed tjf ngrl sprfi`
Cgi`aed
Can Cantt tj tjf f ng ngrl rl quamlquaml-rfc rfcfisf fisf cfv cfvfrs frs (9). (9).
Kgvf ttjf jf ngrls ngrls nurtjfr nurtjfr ipirt ipirt gr m mcgsfr cgsfr ttgdftj gdftjfr fr `fpf `fpfe`aed e`aed ttg g tjf sazf gn tjf cgi` tg of cantf`. Kilf surf tjit ogtj ngrls irf fquiccy `astiet nrgk tjf truml mfetrf.
EGPF Pjf cgi`s kust of pamlf` up sg tjit tjfy `g egt prghfmt ofyge` tjf cgi`aed irfi gn tjf truml ie` wacc egt sca`f, tap gvfr gr nicc gnn.
Iccgw Iccgw tjf qu quamlaml-rfc rfcfisf fisf cf cfvfrs vfrs tg f fedid edidf f ae i egtmj egtmj..
EGPF Pjf cgi` mfetrf sjguc` of ae tjf mfetrf oftwffe tjf ngrls.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Ipprg Ipprgimj imj tjf cgi` ttg g of can cantf` tf` mi mirfnucc rfnuccy y ie` is immurit immuritfcy fcy is pgssaocf.
Rut tjf k kist ist tg tg tjf v vfrta frtamic mic p pgsat gsatage age..
-
Can Cantt gr cgwfr cgwfr tjf ngrl mi mirra rraidf idf tg tj tjf f rfqua rfquarf` rf` jfa jfadjt djt..
-
Mirfn Mirfnuccy uccy `ravf `ravf tjftruml nngrwir` grwir` u ue`fr e`fr ttjf jf mfetrf mfetrf gn tj tjf f cgi` uetac tjf cgi` mgetimts tjf ngrl-nimf, an pgssaocf, wjacf tilaed mirf egt tg `ascg`df i`himfet cgi`s.
-
Cant tjf ngrl ngrl mirr mirraidf aidf uetac uetac tjf tjf cgi cgi` ` as mcfir gn gn tjf drgue`
_fvf _fvfrsf rsf tj tjf f cant ttruml ruml ue uetac tac tjf tjf cgi cgi` ` as mcf mcfir. ir.
Pact Pact tjf tjf k kis istt oim oiml. l.
TI_EAED @g egt stie` ue`fr ie fcfvitf` cgi`. @ravf tjf ngrl cant truml gecy watj tjf cgi` cgwfrf` ie` tjf kist tactf` oiml.
f==>-2?/:9
`=69-2?/6?
=4
Privfc watj i cgi`, uecgi`aed
Gpfritage
Privfc watj i cgi`
Vecgi`aed
Rirlaed tjf cant truml
EGPF Tjfe sfe`aed dgg`s oy nrfadjt, tjf mgesadegr kust cgi` ie` nistfe, an efmfssiry, tjf triespgrtf` dgg`s sinfcy. Riy ittfetage tg prgpfr stimlaed ie` kilf surf tjit tjf pimlidaed, piccfts, ftm. irf egt `ikidf`. Pjf nrfadjt mirr afr as rfspgesaocf ngr tjf sinf jie`caed.
Mirf Mirfnuc nuccy cy ippr ipprgimj gimj tj tjf f rimla rimlaed ed rfmf rfmfavae avaed d tjf cgi cgi`. `.
@fpg @fpgsat sat ttjf jf cgi` cgi` gr cgwfr cgwfr tjf nngrl grl mirra mirraidf idf..
Can Cantt tjf nngrl grl mi mirrai rraidf df tg ttjf jf rfquar rfquarf` f` jfa jfadjt djt..
Pact ttjf jf kist scadjtcy scadjtcy ngrwir` ngrwir` sg tjit tjit tj tjf f ngrls tgumj ttjf jf drgue`.
Rut ttjf jf ki kist st aetg aetg vfrt vfrtamic amic pg pgsatage satage (cgi` jgrazgetic). jgrazgetic).
]ft ttjf jf pirlaed pirlaed oril orilf f cfvfr (9) tg tjf vfr vfrtamic tamic p pgsatage gsatage..
Mirf Mirfnuc nuccy cy `ravf `ravf aet aetg g ttjf jf rimla rimlaed. ed.
Mirf Mirfnuc nuccy cy cgw cgwfr fr tj tjf f cgi` getg getg tjf tjf ri rimlae mlaed. d.
@fprfss tjf st stgp gp pf`ic pf`ic (=). Pjf stgp stgp pf`ic pf`ic wacc cgml ae tjas pgsatage.
_fvfrs _fvfrsf f tjf tjf cant cant tr truml uml
]t ]tgp gp tj tjf ff fed edae aef. f.
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tj tjf f swat swatmj mj lfy lfy (?). (?).
@g egt `ravf w watj atj tjf tjf cgi` sjantf` tg tj tjf f sa`f (f.d. watj sa`fsjant).
Priespg Priespgrt rt ttjf jf cgi` cgi` efir tjf drgu drgue`. e`.
Icwiys trivfc watj ttjf jf cgi` nimaed upjacc ge aemc aemcaefs, aefs, efvfr efvfr trivfc gr ture imrgss tjf scgpf.
An vasaoa vasaoacat caty y as rf` rf`umf` umf`,, wgrl wgrl watj i d dua` ua`f. f.
Gpfrit Gpfritf f tjf cant truml g gecy ecy ae rfvfrsf an tjf tjf cgi` ofaed triespgrtf` as stimlf` sg jadj is tg gostrumt vasaoacaty ae tjf `arfmtage gn trivfc.
TI_EAED Efvfr pirl tjf truml ie` cfivf at ueittfe`f` watj tjf cgi` riasf`.
9
?
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
=
`=62-2=/99
`=69-2?/?0
=:
Priespgrt, jgastaed tjf truml
Gpfritage Jgastaed tjf truml watj tjf fyfogcts*
Priespgrt watj cgrry gr cgw-of` sfka-triacfr -
C gw gw f frr ttj j f k ist ist..
-
Gp Gpfri fritf tf ttjf jf pirl pirlae aed d ori orilf lf..
-
Mj Mjgm gml l tj tjf f trum truml. l.
-
MIVPAGE Gecy usf i cantaed scaed ie` mrief watj i sunnamafet mipimaty. ]ff tjf kieunimturfr‑s pcitf ngr tjf truml wfadjt.
Cisj Cisj ttjf jf tr trum uml l `gwe `gwe..
Jgastaed tjf truml watj i mrief @IEDF_ Tjfe cgi`aed tjf truml oy mrief kilf surf eg pfrsges irf watjae tjf ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
wgrlaed riedf gn tjf mrief! @g egt stfp ue`fr tjf fcfvitf` cgi`!
Pg jgast watj i mrief, ittimj tjf cantaed scaeds it tjf pgaets prgva`f`. Pjf cantaed pgaets ge ygur truml irf egt ciofccf` fxtri. Ittimj tjf ccantaed antaed scaed (?) (? (?222 222 ld mirryaed mipimaty kaeakuk) tg tjf tgw ogct. Cgml Cgml tjf tjf tgw tgw ogct ogct.. Ittimj tjf ccantaed antaed scaed (=) (? (?222 222 ld mirryaed mipimaty kaeakuk) tg tjf mrgss kfkofr ge tjf gutfr u pradjt gn tjf kist. Vsf f`df prgtfmtgrs ge sjirp f`dfs. Ittimj Ittimj i icc cc tjf tjf fe fe`s `s tg tjf m mrief rief jgg jggl l (9). (9). MIVPAGE Intfr aesfrtaed tjf scaeds aetg tjf mrief jggl, tjf sinfty cgml (0) kust mcgsf. Tjfe tjf truml as jgastf`, tjf scaeds kust egt ruo idiaest tjf sa`fs gn tjf gvfrjfi` duir` ie` iey ittimjkfets nattf`.
9
=
MIVPAGE Gecy usf i scantaed scaed ie` imrief watj i sunnamafet mipimaty. ]ff tjf kieunimturfr‑s pcif ngr tjf truml. IPPFEPAGE Pjf truml kiy of jgastf` watj tjf fyfogcts (9) gecy an tjf ipprgpraitf cantaed fquapkf et (=) as usf` watj wjamj tjf mjiaes (?, >) cfi` striadjt up nrgk tjf fyfogcts (9). -
Jggl ttjf jf mji mjiaes aes (> (>)) (kae (kaeakuk akuk mipimaty mipimaty ?222 ld) aetg aetg tj tjf f fyfogcts (9) ge tjf mguetfrwfadjt.
-
Jggl ttjf jf mji mjiaes aes (? (?)) (kae (kaeakuk akuk mipimaty mipimaty ?222 ld) aetg aetg tj tjf f fyfogcts (9) ge tjf nrikf. IPPFEPAGE Intfr ittimjaed tjf cantaed scaeds tg tjf mrief
jggl (0), tjf jggl sinfty (6) kust mcgsf. Pjf cantaed dfir kust egt tgumj tjf gvfrjfi` duir` ie` iey ittimjkfets nattf`. * Gptage
0
=
?
`=62/?4
=1
Tjffc mjiedf, triacfr mgupcaed, kist rfkgvic Tjffc mjiedf
Priacfr mgupcaed
MIVPAGE Gecy usf i himl watj i sunnamafet cantaed mipimaty. Pjf kaeakuk mipimaty sjguc` of =>22 ld. -
Cggs Cggsfe fe tjf nist nistfefr fefrs s gn tjf w wjff jffcc tg of mj mjied iedf`. f`. Cgmi Cgmitf tf tj tjf f hi himl ml..
EGPF Cgmitf tjf himl gecy it tjf mguetfrwfadjt (9) ie` it tjf fe` gn tjf wjffc misf ge tjf mjissas (?) . MIVPAGE Pjf truml kiy gecy of riasf` it tjfsf cgmitages ge tjf cfnt ie` radjt sa`f. -
EGPF Pjf triacfr mgupcaed sjguc` gecy of usf` tg tgw cadjt triacfrs aesa`f tjf pciet irfi. (Gosfrvf tjf vica` imma`fet prfvfetage ie` tfmjeamic sinfty rucfs.)
Pure ttjf jf cfvf cfvfrr 12² 12²`fdrff `fdrffs s tg tjf tjf rfir i ie` e` tjf tjfe e riasf tjf tgw tgw ogct.
Rcimf Rcimf tj tjf f tgw tgwoir oir ae ae tjf m mgupc gupcaed aed s scff cffvf. vf.
Rrfss `gwe ttjf jf tgw ogct idiaest spraed prfssurf, ture 1 12² 2² `fdrffs ie` cft fedidf ae tjf sinfty.
Gpfritage Kist rfkgvic IPPFEPAGE Ittimj tjf cantaed scaed tg tjf tgp mrgss kfkofr (9) gn tjf gutfr upradjt gn tjf kist. MIVPAGE @g egt stfp ue`fr tjf fcfvitf` cgi`.
Pjf kist kiy gecy of `askietcf` oy ygur `astraoutgr‑s slaccf` stinn.
Himl u up p tjf truml truml u ueta etacc tjf w wjffc jffcs s irf mc mcfir. fir. ]fmurf ]fmurf tj tjf f trum truml l watj wgg`f wgg`fe e ocgm ocgmls ls pci pcimf` mf` ue ue`fr `fr tj tjf f nrikf gr mguetfrwfadjt. _fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf wjffc wjffc kgue kguetae taeds ds ie` ttilf ilf gn gnnn tjf wjffc. wjffc. Aestic Aesticcc ie` jie` jie`-tad -tadjtf jtfe e tjf wjf wjffc fc kgu kgueta etaeds. eds. C gw gw f frr ttj j f t ru ru ml. ml. Pgrq Pgrquf uf tjf tjf w wjffc jffc kgueta kguetaeds eds ttg g 916 916 Ek Ek..
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9
?
9
`=62/>2
`=62/>9
`=62/?>
02
Pgwaed aestrumtages
Gpfritage _fcfisf tjf kuctapcf `asm orilfs
]jguc` at ofmgkf efmfssiry tg tgw tjf truml, tjfe at as pgssaocf
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf nrget nrget mgvfr mgvfr ge ttjf jf ttruml ruml..
Rcimf Rcimf mj mjgmls gmls ue`f ue`frr scg scgpf-s pf-sa`f a`f g gnn wjffcs. wjffcs.
-
Vesm Vesmrfw rfw tj tjf f mip eu eutt (9) ie ie` ` rfkg rfkgvf vf tjf s sfic fic raed raed (=). (=).
-
Cggsf Cggsfe e ttjf jf cgmleu cgmleutt ((>). >).
-
Cggs Cggsfe fe tjf tjf eut eut (6 (6). ).
-
]mrfw ]mrfw ae tj tjf f : kk tjrfi` tjrfi`f` f` pae ((4) 4) ie` ttadjt adjtfe fe tg ?2 +6 Ek.
]mrfw aae e tjf tjrfi`f tjrfi`f` ` pae (0 (0)) is ni nirr is tjf tjf stgp ie` tadjtfe tadjtfe tg 92 Ek.
-
Cgml tj tjf f tjrfi`f` tjrfi`f` pae watj ccgmleut gmleut (>), tadjtfe tadjtfe tjf eut tg >2 Ek.
tg o oy-pi y-piss ss tjf tjf j jy`ri y`riuca ucam m gac marm marmuat uat,, tg rfc rfcfisf fisf ttjf jf kuc kuctapcf tapcf `asm ori orilfs lfs ae tjf `ravf `ravf ixc ixcf f it tjf trivfc mgetrgc ueat.
MIVPAGE Pjf truml mieegt of orilf` egw. Pjf trimtgr usf` tg tgw tjf ngrl truml kust ku st tjus pgssfss sunnamafet trimtavf ie` orilaed pgwfr ngr tjf ueorilf` tgwf` cgi`. Pgwaed tjf truml as gecy iccgwf` watj i rada` mgeefmtage (tgw oir). ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Intfr tgwaed
Pgwaed
Pgwaed prgmf`urf
Cgwfr ttjf jf cgi` cgi` sg nnir ir tjit ngrls `g `g egt smripf ttjf jf drgue drgue` ` `uraed tgwaed.
@f fp p gsa gsatt c gi gi `. `.
]fmurf trimtgr (gosfrvf sunnama sunnamafet fet trimtavf trimtavf ie` o orilaed rilaed pgwfr) watj tgw oir tg tgwaed pae gn cant truml.
Rcimf Rcimf mjg mjgmls mls (wf (wf`dfs `dfs)) ofjae` ofjae` wjf wjffcs fcs ge ttjf jf scg scgpf pf sa`f. sa`f.
Cgml ttjrfi`f` jrfi`f` pae wa watj tj eut (6). Pa Padjtfe djtfe eut tg tg ?6 Ek.
_fsft orilf
Ippcy iogut 0 sjg sjgts ts gn drfisf watj i drfisf drfisf due tjrgudj cuoramitaed eappcf (?) uetac tjf orilf as mcfir.
Cggs Cggsfe fe ccgm gmle leut ut (6) (6)..
Cgg Cggsfe sfe tjrfi`f tjrfi`f` ` pa pae e (0) (0) tw twg g tures. tures.
Gpfe jy`riucam oypiss vicvf
Cgm Cgml l tjrf tjrfi`f` i`f` p pae ae watj watj eut (6), (6), tg tgrquf rquf tg tg ?6 Ek.
Na Natt ttjf jf sfi sficae caed d ra raed ed ((=). =).
]mrfw ]mrfw ge mip eut eut (9) (9) ie ie` ` ta tadjt djtfe fe tg =2 Ek. Ek.
Gp Gpfe fe tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
-
Cgg Cggsfe sfe tj tjf f 9: gr 9 91 1 kk ccgmle gmleut ut (> (>)) it tj tjf f viraioc viraiocff`aspcimfkfet pukp.
-
Aestic Aesticcc tjf mgvfr mgvfr it it tjf nrget nrget gn tjf tjf truml. truml. Mc Mcgs gsf f ie ie` ` cg cgml ml tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
-
Vsaed i sgmlft, ture ttjf jf : k kk k tjrf tjrfi`f` i`f` pa pae e (4) gut gut tjrf tjrff f tures.
-
-
Cgml ttjf jf tjr tjrfi`f` fi`f` pae pae wat watj j cgmle cgmleut ut (>) ie ie` ` tadj tadjtfe tfe tg >2 Ek.
Mjfml tjf orilf ngr gpfritage intfr mgkpcftaed rfpiars.
0 = 9
6 9
?
> 4
`=62-2=/91
`=62-2=/9?
09
Kiaetfeiemf
Pilaed tjf truml gut gn gpfritage Fkfrdfemy fxat ngr trumls watj rfir wae`smrffe EGPF An tjf truml as nattf` watj i nrget ie` rfir wae`smrffe, at kiy egt of pgssaocf tg `askguet it tjf sa`f an tjf truml orfils `gwe ae i eirrgw iascf. Ae misf gn imutf `iedfr, tjf `ravfr mie cfivf tjf truml tjrgudj tjf rfir wae`gw. Pg `g sg, tjf `ravfr kust pucc tjf rap-mgr` aetfdritf` ae tjf wae`gw wfitjfr strap tg mut at. -
Rucc tjf rf rf` ` raed (9) it tjf cg cgwfr wfr rfir rfir wae`g wae`gw w f`df ie` pucc pucc gut tjf rap-mgr`.
-
_f _fkg kgvf vf tjf tjf rrfir fir wae wae`sm `smrff rffe. e.
-
@askgu @askguet et nrg nrgk k tjf truml mirfnucc mirfnuccy y tjrgudj tjrgudj tjf tjf rfir wae`gw.
An tjf truml as tilfe gut gn gpfritage ngr gvfr ? kgetjs, at kust of pirlf` ae i wfcc vfetacitf`, nrgst-nrff, mcfie ie` `ry rggk ie` tjf ngccgwaed kfisurfs kust of mirraf` gut.
Kfisurfs ofngrf tilaed tjf truml gut gn
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Pjgrg Pjgrgudj udjcy cy mc mcfi fie e tj tjf f truml truml..
-
Cuor Cuoram amit itf f tj tjf f trum truml. l.
-
Mgit ttjf jf oittfry oittfry tfrka tfrkaeic eics s watj ege-ima ege-ima`am `am drf drfisf. isf. Mjfml ttjf jf mge` mge`atage atage ie` fcfmtrgcyt fcfmtrgcytf f cfvfc gn tjf oittfry. oittfry.
gpfritage
-
-
Pjgrg Pjgrgud udjcy jcy m mcfi cfie e tj tjf f tr trum uml. l.
-
-
Nuccy fcfvitf tjf ng ngrl rl mirr mirraidf aidf sf sfvfric vfric ttakfs, akfs, tact tjf kist kist ngrwir` ie` oiml ie`, an nattf`, gpfritf tjf ittimjkfet sfvfric takfs.
Mjfml tjf f fedaef edaef gac nngr gr mge`fesita mge`fesitage ge witfr witfr ie` ie` mj mjiedf iedf tjf gac, an efmfssiry.
-
Mjfml ttjf jf jy`riucam jy`riucam gac nngr gr mge`fesitag mge`fesitage e witfr witfr ie` mjiedf tjf gac, an efmfssiry.
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Cgwfr ttjf jf ngrls ngrls ge i suppgrt suppgrt uet uetacac tjf tjf mjiae mjiaes s irf sciml.
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Rfrn Rfrngrk grk tj tjf f sikf sfrvam sfrvamfs fs is ngr mg mgkka kkassag ssageaed eaed..
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Mjfm Mjfml l tjf jy` jy`riuc riucam am gac ccfvfc fvfc i ie` e` i`` g gac, ac, an e eff`f ff`f`. `.
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Pilf Pilf ttjf jf ttrum ruml l ae aetg tg s sfrv frvamf amf..
-
_f _fpcf pcfea easj sj `afsf `afsfcc nufc nufc..
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Ippcy i tjae nnack ack gn gac gr d drfisf rfisf ge icc uep uepiaetf` iaetf` kfmjiekfmjieamic pirts.
-
Cuor Cuoram amit itf f tj tjf f tr trum uml. l.
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Mjfml ttjf jf mge mge`atage `atage ie` fc fcfmtrgcyt fmtrgcytf f cfvf cfvfcc gn tjf oittfry. oittfry. Mgit tjf oittfry tfrkaeics watj ege-ima`am drfisf. (Ngcc gw tjf aestrumtages gn tjf oittfry kieunimturfr.)
-
]priy i icccc gpf gpfe e fcfmtramic fcfmtramic mgetimts watj i suati suatiocf ocf mgetimt mgetimt spriy. IPPFEPAGE Ocgml up tjf truml sg tjit icc wjffcs irf mcfir gn tjf drgue`. Pjas wacc prfvfet tyrf `fngrkitage.
EGPF @g egt usf pcistam ngac tg mgvfr t jf truml is tjas fejiemfs tjf ngrkitage ie` mgccfmtage gn mge`fesitage witfr. EGPF An tjf vfjamcf as tg of tilfe gut gn gpfritage ngr gvfr > kgetjs, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ngr nurtjfr kfisurfs.
9
Ruttaed tjf truml oiml aetg gpfritage
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
P=62-=/209
0?
Dfefric aengrkitage
Kiaetfeiemf
Dfefric aengrkitage Qgur truml wacc rfkiae gpfritageic gecy an tjf kiaetfeiemf ie` mjfmls irf mirraf` gut rfducircy ie` immgr `aed tg tjf aengrkitage ie` aestrumtages ae tjf gpfritaed kieuic. Pjf kiaetfeiemf kiy gecy of pfrngrkf` oy quicanaf` iutjgrasf` pfrsgeefc. Pjas wgrl mie of mirraf` gut oy ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ue`fr i sfrvamf mgetrimt. An ygu wasj tg `g tjf wgrl ygursfcn, wf rfmgkkfe` tjit tjf narst tjrff mustgkfr sfrvamf mjfmls of mirraf` gut oy ygur `astraoutgr‑s kfmjieam ae tjf prfsfemf gn tjf rfspgesaocf kfmjieam ae ygur wgrlsjgp, sg tjit ygur stinn mie rfmfavf tjf ipprgpraitf aestrumtage. Ngr icc sfrvamaed, tjf truml kust of pcimf` ge i cfvfc surnimf ie` tjf wjffcs sfmurf`.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
]tgp tjf fedaef ie` rfkgvf tjf swatmj lfy. Tjfe wgrlaed ge tjf truml watj tjf ngrl mirraidf ie`/gr kist fcfvitf`, sfmurf tjfk idiaest aei`vfrtfet cgwfraed. Ngr wgrl ge tjf nrget fe` gn tjf truml, s fmurf tjf kist idiaest tactaed oiml.
IPPFEPAGE Ofngrf `gaed fcfmtram wfc`aed ge tjf truml, nuccy `asmgeefmt tjf oittfry, tjf miocf mgeefmtgrs ie` pcuds. An egt, tjf fcfmtrgeam fquapkfet mie of `fstrgyf`. Eg mjiedfs, pirtamuciry eg kg`anamitages ie` i``atages, kiy of ki`f tg tjf truml watjgut tjf ipprgvic gn tjf kieunimturfr. IPPFEPAGE Kassaed gr `ikidf` pcitfs ie`/gr i`jfsavfs kust of rfpcimf`. Ngr cgmitage ie` g`fr eg. rfnfr tg Rirts miticgduf. Rfrngrk i nuemtageic mjfml ie` traic rue intfr fvfry sfrvamaed.
Tgrl ge tjf kist ie` ge tjf nrget nrg et pirt gn tjf truml TI_EAED Ofngrf ittfkptaed tg mirry gut rfpiars gr i`hustkfets ge tjf riasf` kist ie` ngrl mirraidf, fesurf tjit tjf ngccgwaed sinfty prgmf`urfs irf mirraf` gut! Pjfsf sinfty kfisurfs irf gecy sunnamafet ngr dfefric kiaetfeiemf ge ygur truml (tfsts ie` cuoramitage). Ngr rfpiars (f.d. rfpcimfkfet gn mjiaes gr cant himl), nurtjfr i``atageic sinfty kfisurfs kust of ippcaf`. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
]fmuraed tjf kist idiaest tactaed oiml Pg prfvfet tjf cant kist nrgk tactaed oiml imma`feticcy, aesfrt i :22 kk cged 9?2 x 9?2 kk jir`wgg` ocgml (9).
EGPF Tjfe gpfritaed tjf truml ue`fr fxtrfkf mge`atages (a.f. fxtrfkf jfit gr mgc`, aetfesavf `ust mgemfetritage, ftm.), tjf aetfrvics davfe ae tjf kiaetfeiemf smjf`ucf sjguc` of rf`umf` immgr`aedcy. IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
9 ,
,
,
,
`=62/>?
0=
Kiaetfeiemf K iaetfeiemf
Cant kist typfs ]tie`ir` kist
@upcfx kist
KFPJG@ GN GRF_IPAGE Tjfe tjf aeefr kist as cantf`, tjf mjiae puccfy as icsg kgvf` upwir`, tjfrfoy riasaed tjf ngrl mirraidf it i spff` ritag gn ?89.
EGPF Pjf i`vietidf gn tjas kist vfrsage as tjit tjf spfmaic nrff cant jfadjt mie of usf` fvfe ae spimfs watj i cgw mfacaed (mfccirs, widges, sjaps).
]fmuraed tjf riasf` stie`ir` kist
KFPJG@ GN GRF_IPAGE Pjf ngrl mirraidf as riasf` tg tjf spfmaic nrff cant jfadjt oy tjf mfetrf cant mycae`fr vai tjf mjiae dua`f rgccfr. At kgvfs it twamf tjf ritf gn tjf mfetrf mycae`fr. Pjf aeefr kist ie` tjf ngrl mirraidf as tjfe riasf` tgdftjfr oy ogtj tjf sfmge`iry fxtfragr cant mycae`frs. Pjf mfetrf mycae`fr as kguetf` watjae tjf fxtfe`aocf aeefr kist.
TI_EAED Vsf i suatiocf mjiae ngr tjf pirtamucir cantaed kist. @g egt fxmff` tjf kixakuk jfadjt gn cant.
_i iaa sf sf ttj j f ki st st.
Nist Nistfe fe tjf mj mjiae iae irgue` irgue` tjf tjf mrgs mrgss s kfko kfkofr fr gn tjf gu gutfr tfr upradjt (9) ie` tjf mrgss kfkofr gn tjf aeefr kist (?).
Cgwf Cgwfrr tjf aeefr aeefr kist kist uetac uetac aatt as jfc` jfc` oy tjf m mjiae jiae..
9
]fmuraed tjf riasf` `upcfx kist TI_EAED Vsf i suatiocf mjiae ngr tjf pirtamucir cantaed kist. @g egt fxmff` tjf kixakuk jfadjt gn cant.
C aann t t j jf f k ki i st st.
Nistfe mjiae irgue` tjf mr mrgss gss kfkofr kfkofr g gnn gut gutfr fr upradjt upradjt (9 (9)) ie` tjf mrgss kfkofr gn aeefr kist (?).
Cgwf Cgwfrr tjf aeefr aeefr kist kist uet uetac ac at as jfc` jfc` oy tjf tjf mjiae. mjiae.
Nuc Nuccy cy cgwfr cgwfr tjf tjf ngrl ngrl mirra mirraidf idf..
9
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
?
?
t=62-2?/>9
t=62-2?/>6
00
Cant kist typfs
Kiaetfeiemf Mjfmls ie` sfrvamfs intfr tjf narst 62 sfrvamf jgurs
Prapcfx kist KFPJG@ GN GRF_IPAGE Pjf ngrl mirraidf as rias f` tg tjf spfmaic nrff cant jfadjt oy tjf mfetrf mycae`fr vai tjf mjiae dua`f rgccfr. Pjfe tjf twg cant mycae`frs riasf tjf aeefr kist. Tjfe tjf aeefr kist as nuccy fxtfe`f`, twg nurtjfr cant mycae`frs riasf tjf mfetrf kist, wjamj as riasf` tgdftjfr watj tjf aeefr kist ie` ngrl mirraidf. Pjf mfetrf mycae`fr as kguetf` ge tjf fxtfe`aocf mfetr f kist.
EGPF I `fsmraptage gn tjf sfrvamfs mie icsg of cgmitf` ae tjf ae`fx.
]fmuraed tjf riasf` trapcfx kist
TI_EAED Vsf i suatiocf mjiae ngr tjf pirtamucir cantaed kist. @g egt fxmff` tjf kixakuk jfadjt gn cant.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
_i iaa s sf f ttj j f k ist ist..
Nistfe tjf mjiae mjiae irgue` irgue` tjf tjf mrgs mrgss s kfk kfkofr ofr gut gutfr fr kis kistt (9) ie` tjf aetfrkf`aitf kist (?). Cgwf Cgwfrr tjf kist kist u uetac etac at as jfc` jfc` oy oy tjf mjia mjiae. e. Cgwf Cgwfrr tjf ngrl ngrl mirrai mirraidf df is nnir ir is pg pgssao ssaocf. cf.
9
-
?
Mj Mjie iedf df ttjf jf fed fedae aef f ga gacc _f _fef efw w tj tjf f feda fedaef ef gac gac nnact actfr fr Mjfml tjf tfesage tfesage ie` mge`atage mge`atage gn ic ictfreitg tfreitgrr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts, tadjtfe ofct an efmfssiry Mjfml Mjfml tjf i iar ar aetilf aetilf ie` ie` fxji fxjiust ust pa papfs pfs ng ngrr cfils cfils Mj Mjfml fml tj tjf f pir pirlae laed d ori orilf lf Pa Padj djtf tfe e tjf w wjff jffcc nis nistf tfefr efrs s Mjfml Mjfml tjf tjf ttyrf yrf aen aencit citage age prfssurf prfssurf Mjfml Mjfml tjf ttyrfs yrfs ngr ngr `ik `ikidf idf ie ie` ` ngrfade ngrfade gohfm gohfmts ts Mjfml jy`riuca jy`riucam m syst systfk, fk, `ravf ixcf, pukps, vicvfs, ie` caefs ngr cfils _fefw tjf prfssurf, prfssurf, sumtage ie` orfitjfr orfitjfr nactfr nactfrs s ae tjf jy`riucam systfk Mjfml oittfry mge`ata mge`atage, ge, fcfmtrgcytf fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc ie` spfmanam drivaty Mjfml tjf fe fedaef daef ie` ie` fedaef fedaef suppgrt suppgrt k kguetae guetaed d ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss Mjfml tjf mguetfrwfadjt, mguetfrwfadjt, gvfrjfi` duir`, stffraed ixcf ie` `ravf ixcf ngr sfmuraty Mcf Mcfie ie i ie` e` drfis drfisf f tjf tjf st stffra ffraed ed ixcf ixcf Drf Drfisf isf ttjf jf kist kist ie` ie` tac tactt myc mycae` ae`fr fr ofiraed ofiraeds s Mjfml tjf kist, kist, kist mjiaes ie` f fe` e` stg stgps ps ngr mge`ata mge`atage, ge, sfmuraty ie` gpfritage Mjfml tjf prf-tfesa prf-tfesage ge gn `guocf jgsfs anan itt ittimjkfet imjkfets s irf nattf` Mcfie, i`hust tjf k kist ist mjiaes mjiaes ie` ie` spriy spriy watj watj mjiae mjiae spriy Mjfml fcfmtram fcfmtram mio miocfs, cfs, miocf mgeefmtgrs mgeefmtgrs ie ie` ` mge mgeefmtage efmtages s ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss @r @ria iae e tj tjf f nu nufc fc nnac actf tfrr
t=62-2?/>>
06
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf mjirt ]frvamfs (@fsmraptage gn tjf sfrvamfs mie of cgmitf` ae tjf ae`fx)
Kiaetfeiemf Ofngrf aeataic gpfritage
Intfr tjf narst 62 jgurs
@iacy mjfmls
Is rfquarf`
Ngr sfrvamfs sff pidf 9: ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................... ................ ................... .................... ............... .....
Ngr sfrvamfs sff pidf 06 ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................... ............................ ............................. .................... .................... .................... .................. ........
Mjfml tjf fedaef gac cfvfc ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .................. ................ .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............. ... Mjfml tjf mggciet cfvfc ae tjf fxpiesage rfsfrvgar ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................... ......................... .................... ................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................... ......... Mjfml tjf nufc cfvfc .......... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................... .................. .................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................. ....... Mjfml tjf tyrf aencitage prfssurf ........................ .................................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... .................... ................... .................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................... .........
Mcfie tjf truml ............ .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. .................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................... .....
Mcfie ie` spriy tjf kist mjiae ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................ .............. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................. ..........
Mcfie tjf iar nactfr ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. .............. ................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... .................. ...
Mjfml tjf `ust `asmjirdf vicvf ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................ .............. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................. ..........
Mjfml tjf kguetaed gn tjf jy`riucam gac tiel ie` nufc tiel.......................... tiel......................................... .............................. ............................ ................................... .............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................. ....... @riae tjf nufc nactfr ............ ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................... .....
Mcfie tjf prfnactf r ............ ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. .................. ............... ............... ............... ............... .............. ............... ............... ................... .....
Padjtfe tjf wjffc nistfefrs (it cfist fvfry 922 jgurs) .......................... ....................................... ........................... ........................... ....................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..................... ................ ..... Mjfml tjf tyrfs ngr `ikidf ie` ngrfade gohfmts ............ ......................... .......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... ................. .............. .................... .................... .................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .......... _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ...................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................. ....... Mcfie ie` mjfml tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr ngr cfils .............. ............................. ............................. ............................. ...................... ................. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .............. .... Cuoramitf tjf stffr ixcf, kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofiraeds ............... .............................. ............................. ............................. .......................... ................................ ............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ..................... ........... Mjfml tjf sfit ofct ngr mge`atage ie` gpfritage ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... ................. .............. .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
0>
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf mjirt
Kiaetfeiemf Fvfry 622 jgurs
]frvamfs (@fsmraptage gn sfrvamfs mie of cgmitf` ae tjf ae`fx)
Fvfry 9222 jgurs
Fvfry ?222 jgurs
Fvfry =222 jgurs
Drfisf tjf kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofiraeds ............. .......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ................... ................ .................... ................ ...... Mcfie ie` drfisf tjf stffraed ixcf ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ...................... .................... .................... ................... ......... Mjfml fcfmtram miocfs, miocf mgeefmtgrs ie` mgeefmtages ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss ............... ................................ ............................ ........... Mjfml oittfry mge`atage, fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc ie` spfmanam drivaty (fvfe watj i kiaetfeiemf-nrff oittfry) ................. ]a`fsjant8 Mcfie ie` drfisf, mjfml tjf kguetaed ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................... .................. .............. ................. ....... @riae tjf nufc nactfr ........... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................... ................... .................... .................... ..................... ............. Mjfml tjf jy`riucam gac cfvfc ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................. ............... .................... .................... ............. ... Mjiedf tjf fedaef gac, rfefw ttjf jf fedaef gac nactfr (it cfist fvfry 9? kgetjs) ............. ............... ............... ............... .... Mjfml mggciet strfedtj................... strfedtj............................. ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... ................. ....... Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn tjf ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts, tadjtfe `ravfofcts ................. ....................... ...... Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn tjf tggtjf` ofct, rfefw an efmfssiry .......... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................. ............... ....... Mjfml tjf mguetfrwfadjt, gvfrjfi` duir`, stffraed ixcf ie` `ravf ixcf ngr sfmuraty ............... ................................ .............................. ............. ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... .................. .............. ................... .................. ........ Mjfml tjf ssgt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk ( pirt 9) ............. .......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... ......................... ...................... .................... ............... ..... Mjfml ie` gac tjf pf`ics, trivfc mgetrgc ie` fedaef mgetrgc caelidfs ............... ............................. ............................. .............................. ........................ ........... .. I`hust tjf kist mjiae cfedtj ie` cuoramitf watj mjiae spriy ............. ............................ .............................. ............................. ......................... ..................... ............... ..... Mjfml tjf kist, kist mjiaes ie` tjf fe`stgps ngr mge`atage ie` sfmuraty .............. ............................. .............................. ............................ ................. .... Mjfml ie` gac gtjfr pavgts ie` hgaets ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ....................... ..................... .................... .................... .................. ........ Mjfml tjf ngrls ie` ngrl quaml-rfcfisfs ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ....................... ..................... .................... .......... Mjfml tjf prf-tfesage gn `guocf jgsfs an ittimjkfets irf nattf` ............... .............................. ............................. ............................. ..................... ................ ............ .. _ftadjtfe kist nistfeaed ogcts ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ................. ............... .................... .................... .......... _fefw tjf iar nactfr fcfkfet, mjfml tjf vimuuk swatmj (it cfist fvfry 9? kgetjs gr intfr 6 mcfieaeds) ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ...................... ................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ................. ....... Mjfml tjf fedaef ie` fedaef suppgrt kguetaed ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss ............. ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ....... Mjfml tjf iar aetilf ie` fxjiust papfs ngr cfils ............ ......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .................. ............... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ Mjfml tjf jy`riucam sys tfk, `ravf ix cf, pukps, v icvfs ie` caefs ngr cfils ................................. .................................................. ..................... .............. .................... .................... ................... ......... _fefw tjf nufc nactfr ........... ...................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................... ................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ .. _fefw tjf prfssurf, sum tage, ie` orfitjfr nactfrs ae tjf jy`riucam systfk ............... ............................... ................................. ....................... ................ .................... .................... .................... .......... Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk (pirt ?) ............. ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ......................... ...................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................. ........ Mjfml tjf pirlaed orilf ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............. ... Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk (pirt =) .............. ........................... .......................... .......................... ........................... ......................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .............. .... _fefw tjf mggciet (gr fvfry ? yfirs) ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ..................... ................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................. .......... _fefw tjf ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts ............. .......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ....................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ .. _fefw tjf jy`riucam gac ( Oag jy`riucam gac Iric Ngrofx ]F 0> fvfry >222 jgurs) ................ ................................. ................................. ......................... ................... .................... .................... ..................... ..................... .................... .................... .................... .................... ............... ..... _fefw tjf tggtjf` ofct ............. .............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... .............. ................. 04
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` Mcfie tjf cant truml EGPF Pjf efmfssaty gn mcfieaed `fpfe`s ge tjf usf gn tjf truml. An usf` watj iddrfssavf kf`ai sumj is sict witfr, nfrtacazfr, mjfkamics, mfkfet, ftm., mcfie tjf truml tjgrgudjcy intfr fvfry ippcamitage. Jgt stfik gr aetfesavf `fdrfisaed sgcutage sjguc` of usf` watj tjf utkgst mirf! An egt, tjf drfisf ae tjf cuoramitf`-ngr-canf ofiraeds wacc `assgcvf ie` cfil gut. Is rfdrfisaed as egt pgssaocf, `ikidf tg tjf ofiraeds wacc rfsuct. @g egt wisj tjf truml wjfe tjf fedaef as jgt. IPPFEPAGE @g egt iak tjf hft `arfmtcy ge tjf fcfmtramic systfk ie` tjf aesucitaed kitfraic, mgvfr tjfk narst. _fducircy rfkgvf aencikkiocf `foras fspfmaiccy ge gr ae tjf irfi gn pirts watj i jadj tfkpfriturf sumj is f xjiust papfs.
Kiaetfeiemf Mcfie ie` spriy tjf kist mjiae
Tjfe mcfieaed watj mgkprfssf` iar, rfkgvf stamlaed `art watj i mgc` mcfiefr. Mcfie tjf gac naccfr gpfeaeds, surrgue`aed irfis ie` drfisf eappcfs ofngrf cuoramitage.
EGPF Pjf kist mjiae kust of mcfief` an tjf `ust ge tjf mjiae prfvfets pfeftritage gn tjf cuoramiet.
Rcimf Rcimf i mget mgetiae iaefr fr ue`fr ue`fr tjf kist. kist.
Mcfie tjf mjiae mjiae w watj atj pirinnae pirinnae `fravitavfs `fravitavfs sumj sumj is ofezaef (gosfrvf kieunimturfr‑s egtfs ge sinfty).
Tjfe us usaed aed i stfik hft mcfiefr, mcfiefr, mcfie w watjgut atjgut i``atavfs. i``atavfs.
Intfr mcfieaed, mcfieaed, ocg ocgw w `ry tjf tjf mjiae mjiae it gemf tg rfkgvf iey witfr ae tjf mjiae caels ie` ge tjf surnimf. Kgvf tjf mjiae sfvfric takfs `uraed tjas prgmf`urf.
Akkf`a Akkf`aitfcy itfcy spriy Cae`f Cae`f mj mjiae iae spriy spriy ge tjf mj mjiae, iae, wjacf icsg kgvaed at.
MIVPAGE Cantaed mjiaes irf sinfty mgkpgefets. Pjf usf gn mgc` mcfiefrs, mjfkamic mcfieaed idfets ie` miustam gr ima`am ie` mjcgraeitf` ncua`s mie of i `arfmt miusf gn `ikidf tg tjf mjiae.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62/9:
`=62-2=/09
0:
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` Mcfie tjf iar nactfr
Kiaetfeiemf
Mcfieaed watj mgkprfssf` iar
EGPF Mcfieaed tjf iar nactfr fcfkfet as efmfssiry gecy wjfe tjf iar nactfr rfstramtage ae`amitgr ae tjf mgkpgsatf aestrukfet accukaeitfs. I rfstramtf` iar nactfr rfsucts ae cgss gn pgwfr ie` aemrfisf` fedaef wfir. Pjfrfngrf mirfnuc ie` rfducir sfrvamaed gn tjf iar nactfr as fssfetaic tg fedaef canf ie` pfrngrkiemf. Mirry gut icc sfrvamfs ge tjf iar aetilf systfk watj tjf fedaef stitageiry. @g egt stirt fedaef wjfe tjf nactfr fcfkfet as rfkgvf`.
Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f ogee ogeeft ft..
-
]mrf ]mrfw w gnn tjf w waed aed eut eut (?) ie` rf rfkgvf kgvf ttjf jf iar nactfr nactfr mg mgvfr vfr (9) (9)..
_fkgvf tjf eut (0) ie` pucc gu gutt tjf iar nactfr nactfr fc fcfkfet fkfet (=).
IPPFEPAGE @g egt mcfie tjf nactfr misaed watj mgkprfssf` iar, wapf at watj i mcfie mcgtj.
EGPF Kirl fvfry sfrvamaed ge tjf nactfr fcfkfet. @asmir` tjf nactfr fcfkfet an at jis offe mcfief` 6 takfs, an `ikidf`, intfr 9222 sfrvamf jgurs, gr it cfist fvfry 9? kgetjs.
Pg mcf mcfie ie tjf nactfr fcfkfe fcfkfett (=), ocgw ` `ry ry mgkprfssf` mgkprfssf` i iar ar it kix. 6 oir prfssurf nrgk tjf aesa`f tg tjf gutsa`f uetac tjf nactfr as nrff gn `ust.
Ofngrf aesticc aesticcaed aed tj tjf f mcfie mcfief` f` iar nactfr fcfkfet, fcfkfet, fxikaef fxikaef at ngr `ikidf fd it pipfr gn nactfr fcfkfet, ruoofr sfics, ngr `fets gr oucdfs ge tjf kftic nrikf
_faesti _faesticccc tjf nactfr fcfkfet fcfkfet aetg tjf tjf nactfr nactfr misaed. misaed. Kilf surf tjit tjf nactfr fcfkfet as egt `ikidf` ie` tjit tjf sfic ge tjf nactfr misaed nats prgpfrcy.
Egtf ttjf jf irrgw irrgw ge ttjf jf `ust ogwc mg mgvfr vfr ae`a ae`amitaed mitaed tjf tgp tgp ("GOFE").
-
Vsaed ie aespfmtage aespfmtage cikp, fxikaef tjf pi pipfr pfr pirt pirt gn tjf nactfr fcfkfet ngr mrimls ie` jgcfs.
-
_fefw _fefw i `ik `ikidf idf` ` nact nactfr fr fcfk fcfkfet. fet.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
9
=
?
0
`=62-2=/2:
`=62/42
01
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf`
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjfml tjf `ust `asmjirdf vicvf
Mcfie tjf prfnactfr*
EGPF Pjf `ust `asmjirdf vicvf (6) as cirdfcy kiaetfeiemf-nrff.
EGPF Pjf `ust ogwc (=) sjguc` efvfr of kgrf tjie jicn naccf` (?) watj `ust. @iacy sfrvamaed kiy of efmfssiry ue`fr fxmf ssavf `ust mge`atages.
EGPF Pjf jy`riucam gac tiel ie` nufc tiel irf sfmurf` watj i
-
Cgg Cggsfe sfe mca mcaps ps (9) ie ie` ` rfkgvf rfkgvf `ust o ogwc gwc (= (=). ). Mcfie Mcfie tjf `ust `ust ogwc.
-
_f _fkg kgvf vf tj tjf f nncg cggr gr pc pcit itf. f.
-
_fnat _fnat tj tjf f `ust ogw ogwcc ie` s sfmur fmurf f wat watj j tjf m mcap caps. s.
-
Mjfml Mjfml tjf ttadj adjtef tefss ss gn tjf tjf rftiaeae rftiaeaed d strip strip (9) ge tj tjf f jy`riucam gac tiel, tadjtfeaed at watj i ritmjft spieefr (?) an efmfssiry.
-
Ae Aest stic iccc tj tjf f nc ncgg ggrr pc pcit itf. f.
-
An rfquarf`, rfquarf`, squffzf tjf vi vicvf cvf ie ie` ` rfkgvf rfkgvf tj tjf f rfki rfkiaeaed aeaed `ust.
Mjfml tjf kguetaed gn tjf jy`riucam gac tiel ie` nufc tiel
rftiaeaed strip.
_fpcimf tjf vicvf an `ikidf`.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
* Gptage
?
9
9 ? 6
=
`=62/>1
`=62/=6
`=62-2=/21
62
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` @riae tjf nufc nactfr
Padjtfe tjf wjffc nistfefrs
IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets. -
Cggsfe tjf `riae `riae pc pcud ud (9) ie` `ri `riae ae ipprgx. ipprgx. 92 922 2 mm g gnn nufc ae i mgetiaefr uetac mcfie nufc ncgws gut.
-
_f _fta tadjt djtfe fe ttjf jf `ri `riae ae p pcu cud. d.
-
Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
Kiaetfeiemf
IPPFEPAGE @uraed aeataic gpfritage ie` intfr fimj wjffc mjiedf, tjf wjffc nistfefrs kust of tadjtfef` ofngrf stirtaed wgrl ie` tjfrfintfr fvfry 92 s fvamf jgurs uetac tjfy jivf sfttcf`, af uetac eg nurtfr tadjtfeaed as pgssaocf. Pjfrfintfr tjfy kust of tadjtfef` fvfry 922 sfvamf jgurs.
-
Padjtfe Padjtfe gpp gppgsat gsatf f wj wjffc ffc nistfef nistfefrs rs tg i tgrquf gn ............ ........................ ....................... ....................... .................... ........ 916 Ek
Mjfml tjf tyrfs ngr `ikidf ie` ngrfade gohfmts -
]fmurf tjf ttruml ruml idiaest idiaest rgccaed (ippcy pirlaed orilf).
-
Mjgml Mjgml i w wjffc jffc tjit tjit as egt egt ttg g of himlf himlf` ` up.
_iasf ttjf jf truml truml watj i himl uetac uetac ttjf jf wjffcs wjffcs irf mcfir mcfir gn tjf drgue`.
]fmurf ]fmurf ttjf jf ttruml ruml wat watj j squ squirf` irf` tak takofrs ofrs..
Mjfml Mjfml tjf wj wjffc ffcs s ngr fisf fisf gn rgtitag rgtitage e ie` rfkgvf rfkgvf ieyieytjaed jae`fraed tjfar nrff kgvfkfet.
_f _fpc pcimf imf w wgre gre g grr `ik `ikidf idf` ` tyrfs. tyrfs.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
9
`=62/90
`=62-2=/02
`=62-2=/?9
69
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr * (viraiet A) EGPF Pjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr kust of rfdfefritf` it cfist fvfry : jgurs. (4) accukaeitfs is gptamic ae`amitgr intfrI4wireaed sfrvamfcadjt jgurs. Pjf kixakuk takf rfkiaeaed uetac rfdfefritage kust tilf pcimf as 9 jgur. Naeasj tjf murrfet wgrl mycmf ie` smjf`ucf i nactfr mjiedf. Intfr : sfrvamf jgurs jivf fxparf`, i sfmge` (rf`) wireaed cadjt (:) wacc accukaeitf ie` ie imgustam sadeic wacc icsg sgue`. Egw stgp tjf truml akkf`aitfcy ie` rfdfefritf tjf nactfr, gtjfrwasf tjf nactfr wacc of `fstrgyf`. IPPFEPAGE I cgss gn pgwfr (ngr fxikpcf, `asmgeefmtaed tjf oittfry) wacc iutgkitamiccy rfsft tjf jgur kftfr. _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr `arfmtcy tg of mfrtiae tjit tjf takf cakat ie` nactfr mipimaty wacc egt of fxmff`f`.
Kiaetfeiemf
_fkgvaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr
Mcfieaed tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr
@ravf @ravf tg tjf rfdf rfdfefri efritae taed d stita stitage. ge. ]t ]tgp gp tjf tjf feda fedaef ef.. Rucc Rucc tjf m mgvfr gvfr ttg g tjf rrfir fir ie` ie` rfkgvf rfkgvf u upwir pwir`. `. Cggs Cggsfe fe tjf kguet kguetaed aed smrfw smrfw (?) ie` ie` swae swaed d tjf mgv mgvfr fr tg tjf tjf sa`f.
IPPFEPAGE _asl gn oureaed! Vsf dcgvfs.
@asmgeef @asmgeefmt mt tjf tjf qua quaml-`asmge ml-`asmgeefmt efmt m mgupcaed gupcaeds s (= ie` 6) 6) wat watj j tjf cfvfrs (0 ie` >) oy tureaed ieta-mcgmlwasf. _fkgvf tjf pi pirtamucit rtamucitf f nactfr nactfr (9), tilaed mirf eg egtt tg hgct hgct at at..
EGPF Tjfe tjf nactfr as rfkgvf`, i cakat swatmj iutgkitamiccy rfsfts tjf jgur kftfr, an nattf`.
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf duir` duir` (9:) ge tjf tjf rfdfef rfdfefrita ritage ge sti stitag tage. e. Mgeefmt tjf pirtamcf pirtamcf nactfr tg tjf rfdfefritgr rfdfefritgr (92 (92)) egt tgg tadjtcy usaed tjf quaml-`asmgeefmt mgupcaed (96). Mcgs Mcgsf f tjf jfi jfitt aesucit aesucitgr gr (94) ie` ie` mcgs mcgsf f tjf `as `asmgee mgeefmt fmt mgupcaed (9>). Jggl tjf dui duir` r` (9:) (9:) aaetg etg tjf pae (1). Pure ttjf jf FK FKF_DFE F_DFEMQ MQ swatmj swatmj (9?) (9?) mcgmlwasf mcgmlwasf uetac uetac at as rfcfisf` ie` pgps gut. ]wa ]watmj tmj ge ttjf jf rfdfefr rfdfefritg itgrr watj pu pusjou sjouttg ttge e (99). (99).
Tjfe swatmjaed ge tjf rfdfefritgr, mjfml tjf s ggt pirtamucitf nactfr stitf gn mjirdf it tjf prfssurf diudf (9=). Rrfssurf D rf rf fe fe Ociml _f`
diudf mgcgur8 ; n aacc ttf f r e fw fw g r r fd fd fe fe fr fr it itf ` ; egrkic nactfr mjirdf ; nactfr gvfrcgi`f` Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
EGPF _fdfefritaed ta _fdfefritaed takf kf ipprg ipprgx. x. 02 kaeutf kaeutfs s Mggcaed takfipprgx. =2 kaeutfs
* Gptage
9
1
?
92
EGPF Pjf iar jfitaed fcfkfet ie` tjf nie kgtgr sjut gnn iutgkitamiccy.
99
IPPFEPAGE _asl gn oureaed! Rfrngrk rfdfefritage gecy watj tjf duir` nattf`. Pjf nactfr tfkpfriturf mie rfimj 422 ²M. ²M. Gosfrvf tjf egtamf (9 0).
=
Ae misf gn `iedfr, prfss tjf FKF_DFEMQ swatmj (9?).
> 6
4 0 9?
Pilf tj tjf f sggt pirtamucitf pirtamucitf nnactfr actfr gut gn tjf rfdfefritg rfdfefritgr. r. _fae _faestic sticcc tjf sggt sggt pirt pirtamuc amucitf itf na nactf ctfrr ae tjf truml. truml.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
: `=62/99
9:
94 9> 96
90 9=
`=62/04
6?
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf` _fdfefritf tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr * (viraiet AA) EGPF Pjf swatmjfs mie fatjfr of kguetf ` ae tjf mgesgcf gr ae i sfpiritf ogx ge tjf mgesgcf. TI_EAED @g egt nufc tjf truml `uraed nactfr rfdfefritage. EGPF Pjf ssgt pirtamucitf nactfr kust of rfdfefritf` it cfist fvfry :.6 fedaef sfrvamf jgurs. Pjf yfccgw sggt wireaed cikp (9) cadjts is vasuic ae`amitgr intfr 4.6 jgurs. Pjf nactfr kust of rfdfefritf` watjae tjf efxt =2 kae. An tjas pfrag` as fxmff`f`, tjf ouzzfr wacc sgue` (aetfrkatt fetcy ngr jicn ie jgur, tjfe mgetaeuguscy). Ae tjas misf sjut tjf fedaef gnn is sgge is pgssaocf ie` rfdfefritf tjf nactfr. ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
EGPF I rfdfefritage mie icsg of stirtf` ofngrf tjf kixakuk fxjiustage takf as rfimjf`.
Kiaetfeiemf
MIVPAGE Rfrngrk rfdfefritage gecy ae tjf gpfe watj tjf fedaef it gpfritaed tfkpfriturf ie` egt ae tjf vamaeaty gn aencikkiocf dgg`s. Pjf fxjiust disfs kust egt of mge`umtf` aetg ie iar fvimuitage systfk ngr narf sinfty rfisges. Pjf fxjiust disfs kust egt of mge`umtf` aetg ie iar fvimuitage systfk ngr narf sinfty rfisges. IPPFEPAGE Pjf nactfr mie of rfdfefritf` gecy wjfe tjf fedaef as swatmjf` gnn (adeatage gnn). -
Pjgrgud Pjgrgudjcy jcy mcfie mcfie tjf tjf fx fxjiu jiust st ` `umt umt.. An gv gvfr fr =2 kae ji jivf vf fci fcipsf` psf` in intfr tfr st stgppaed gppaed tjf fe fedaef, daef, orafncy ture tjf prfjfitaed swatmj tg pgsatage A ie` tjfe oiml tg tjf zfrg pgsatage (ture adeatage ge orafncy ie` gnn idiae). Pjf sggt nactfr mgetrgc rfkiaes im tavf ngr iegtjfr =2 kaeutfs. @uraed tjas pfrag` rfdfefritage mie of stirtf`. Vecgml swatmj (=) oy `fprfssaed `fprfssaed tjf cgml (0), (0), ie` prfss ttjf jf swatmj ngr ipprgx. > sfmge`s uetac tjf ouact-ae yfccgw s watmj cadjt (GE ae`amitgr) accukaeitfs. Pjf cikp wacc stiy g e uetac tjf fe` gn tjf rfdfefritage mymcf, wjamj cists ipprgx. ?= kaeutfs.
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EGPF _fdfefritage prgmff`s iutgkitamiccy, a. f. prfjfitaed ipprgx. >2 sfmge`s, oureaed ipprgx. 92 kaeutfs ie` intfr-vfetacitage ipprgx. 6 kaeutfs. Intfr i summfssnuc rfdfefritage, tjf swatmj cikp (GE ae`amitgr) wacc fxtaeduasj ie` tjf truml mie of gpfritf` idiae. IPPFEPAGE Pjf fedaef mieegt of stirtf` `uraed rfdfefritage. An tjf truml kust of rfkgvf` nrgk i sfmuraty irfi, gr tjf rfdfefritage kust of stgppf` ngr sinfty rfisges, - Vecgm Vecgml l ie` ie` g gpfritf pfritf FKF_D FKF_DFEMQ-G FEMQ-GNNNN- swatmj (?). Pjf rfdfefritage prgmf`urf wacc of stgppf` akkf`aitfcy ie` tjf truml mie of stirtf`. (Gecy gpfritf ae ie fkfrdfemy, is tjf systfk mie of `ikidf`.) IPPFEPAGE Pjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr as egt rfdfefritf` an tjf rfdfefritage prgmf`urf as aetfrruptf`! An i sggt icirk wis sadeiccf` ofngrf tjf aetfrruptf` rfdfefritage prgmf`urf, tjf icirk wacc mgetaeuf. Ae tjas misf i mgkpcftf rfdfefritage kust of mirraf` gut. IPPFEPAGE An i niuct gmmurs `uraed rfdfefritage tjf rf` wireaed cikp ae tjf fkfrdfemy GNN (?) ocaels ie` i ouzzfr ouzzfs. ]tirt rfdfefritage idiae. An i niuct gmmurs idiae, sjut `gwe tjf truml ie` mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. EGPF Pg sjut gnn tjf ouzzfr ae tjf fkfrdfemy GNN (?), uecgml ie` gpfritf. An tjf ouzzfr mgetaeufs tg ouzz, pcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. EGPF @uraed gpfritage tjf rfdfefritage systfk dcgw pcud as mcfief` fvfry 9.46 jgurs oy kfies gn aetfrkf`aitf dcgwaed.
* Gptage 6=
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf`
Cuoramitf tjf stffr ixcf, kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofiraeds
Mcfie ie` mjfml tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr ngr cfils EGPF Gecy mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr wjfe tjf fedaef as stgppf` ie` mggc.
Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f ogee ogeeft ft..
Mcfieaed watj i mgc` mcfiefr -
Mcfie tjf mggcaed mggcaed naes wa watj tj i mgkkfrm mgkkfrmaic aic mgc mgc` ` mcfi mcfiefr efr ie`
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iccgw at tg sgil ae ngr ipprgx. 92 kaeutfs. Mcfie ttjf jf ri`a ri`aitgr itgr wa watj tj i st strged rged witfr witfr hft nrgk ttjf jf fedaef fedaef sa`f.
Mcfieaed watj mgkprfssf` iar -
Kiaetfeiemf
IPPFEPAGE Rrgtfmt tjf ictfreitgr idiaest tjf `arfmt witfr hft.
Mcfie tjf mggcaed mggcaed naes gn gn tjf ri`aitg ri`aitgrr (9) ie` tj tjf f jy`ri jy`riucam ucam gac mggcfr (?) watj mgkprfssf` iar. Ncusj Ncusj ie iey y cggs cggsfef` fef` `art gnn watj watj i w witf itfrr hft hft.. -
Cft ttjf jf fedaef fedaef rrue ue wir wirk k tg fvipgri fvipgritf tf iey rfsa`uic witfr ie` sg prfvfet rust ngrkitage. Mjfml m mgeefmtg geefmtgrs, rs, mggciet mggciet jgsfs ie` pa papfs pfs it tjf rri`aitgr i`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr ngr cfils. _fefw pgrgus jgsfs, rftadjt rftadjtfe fe cg cggsf gsf mc mcikps, ikps, an ef efmfssimfssiry. Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
An usf` ae mcfie ie` `ry irfis, truml sfrvamaed fvfry 622 sfrvamf jgurs as sunnamafet is i rucf. Ngr kaxf` usf aesa`f ie` gutsa`f, jicvf`. at as rfmgkkfe`f` tjit tjf cuoramitage aetfrvic of Ae ie fevargekfet watj `ust, `art, witfr ie` pgssaocy `f-amaed sict gr mjfkamics, wfflcy cuoramitage wacc fxtfe` tjf sfrvamf canf gn tjf ofiraeds suostietaiccy. EGPF Rrfnfriocy cuoramitf tjf ofiraeds watj cfss drfisf kgrf gntfe tjie i cgt gn drfisf cfss nrfqufetcy.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9
? `=62-2=/?2
60
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf is rfquarf`
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjfml sfit ofct ngr mge`atage ie` gpfritage EGPF Ngr sinfty rfisges tjf mge`atage ie` gpfritage gn tjf rftfetage systfk sjguc` of aespfmtf` rfducircy (kgetjcy). Ve`fr fxtrfkf gpfritaed mge`atages tjas mjfml as rfquarf` `iacy ofngrf tilaed tjf truml aetg gpfritage.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
-
Rucc Rucc tjf of ofct ct (9) gut gut nu nuccy ccy ie ie` ` aespfmt aespfmt ng ngrr nriy nriyaed aed..
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Mjfml ttjf jf cgm cgml l (=) ngr ngr mgrrf mgrrfmt mt gpf gpfritage ritage ie` tj tjf f rftri rftrimtgr mtgr ngr prgpfr rfture gn tjf ofct.
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Mj Mjfml fml mgv mgvfr frs s ng ngrr `ik `ikidf idf..
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Mj Mjfml fml tj tjf f iu iutg tgki kita tam m cg cgml. ml. - Rirl Rirl ttjf jf truml truml ge ge cfvfc cfvfc drgue`. drgue`. - Ru Rucc cc g gut ut ttjf jf o ofc fctt watj watj i hhfr frl. l. Pjf iutgkitam cgml sjguc` prfvfet tjf ofct nrgk uergccaed nrgk tjf rftrimtgr (?). - ]ca` ]ca`f f tjf s sfit fit nuc nuccy cy ngrwi ngrwir`. r`.
EGPF Tjfe gpfeaed tjf ogeeft, witmj gut ngr i pgssaocy aesticcf` rfir wae`smrffe*. -
Gpfe Gpfe tj tjf f og ogeeft eeft (0) i iogut ogut =2². Pjf iutgkitam cgml sjguc` prfvfet tjf ofct nrgk uergccaed nrgk tjf rftrimtgr (?).
MIVPAGE @g egt gpfritf tjf truml watj i niucty sfit ofct. Jivf i `fnfmtavf sfit ofct rfpcimf` akkf`aitfcy oy ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
MIVPAGE Pg prfvfet oiml aehury, tjf wfadjt sfttaed sjguc` of sft tg tjf ae`ava`uic wfadjt gn tjf `ravfr. Pg prfvfet aehurafs, `g egt stgrf iey gohfmts ae tjf tactaed riedf gn tjf sfit. Pg prfvfet imma`fets, mjfml tjit icc i`hustkfets irf prgpfrcy fedidf` ofngrf gpfritaed tjf truml. @g egt gpfritf tjf sfit i`hustaed `fvamfs wjacf gpfritaed tjf truml. ]fit ofcts kust of ippcaf` ofngrf gpfritage gn tjf truml. Intfr ie imma`fet, tjf sfit ofct kust of rfefwf`. Ae tjf misf gn sfit ofcts ittimjf` tg tjf gpfritgr sfit, tjf sfit ie` kguetaed gn tjf sfit kust icsg of aespfmtf` oy quicanaf` pfrsgeefc. Euts ie` ogcts sjguc` of mjfmlf` rfducircy ngr tadjtefss. I wgoocaed gn tjf sfit mie ae`amitf cggsf ogcts gr gtjfr niucts. An kicnuemtages ae tjf gpfritage gn tjf sfit irf `ftfmtf` (f.d. sfit musjageaed), mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr akkf`aitfcy tg fcakaeitf tjf miusf. Ae misf gn egegosfrviemf, ygu put ygur jfictj ae `iedfr ie` tjfrf as i jadjfr rasl gn imma`fets.
* Gptage
=
0
9
g
=2
?
t=6?-2=/20
t=6?-2=/2=
66
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Drfisf tjf kist ie` tact mycae`fr ofiraeds EGPF Cuoramitf watj cuoramitaed drfisf.
@riae tjf nufc nactfr -
Gp Gpfe fe tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
Cuoramit Cuoramitf f tjf eappcf gn tact tact my mycae`fr cae`fr ofiraed ofiraeds s watj watj cuoracuoramitaed drfisf tjrgudj cfnt ie` radjt jgcfs ae tjf mjissas.
Cuoramit Cuoramitf f wat watj j i drfisf due ue uetac tac sgkf sgkf nnrfsj rfsj drfisf drfisf as vasaocf it tjf ofiraeds.
Cuorami Cuoramitf tf tjf eappcf (9) gn tact mycae`fr mycae`fr ofiraed it tjf kist nrikf watj cuoramitaed drfisf. Cuorami Cuoramitf tf tjf eappcf (?) gn tjf ki kist st pavg pavgtt it tjf mji mjissas ssas watj cuoramitaed drfisf.
Kiaetfeiemf IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets. -
Cggs Cggsfe fe tjf `riae `riae pcud pcud (9) (9) ie` `riae `riae ipprg ipprgx. x. 922 mm aae ei mgetiaefr uetac mcfie nufc ncgws gut.
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_ftad _ftadjt jtfe fe ttjf jf `ria `riae e pc pcud. ud.
Cuorami Cuoramitf tf watj watj i drfisf due u uetac etac sgkf nrfsj drfisf as vasaocf it tjf ofiraeds.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9
9
?
`=62-2=/=4
`=62-2=/?9
t=62-2?/49
6>
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjfml fcfmtram miocfs, miocf mgeefmtgrs ie` mgeefmtages ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss
Mjfml oittfry mge`atage, fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc ie` spfmanam drivaty
Mjfml Mjfml miocf mge mgeefmt efmtages ages ng ngrr tadjt tadjtefss efss ie` gx gxa`it a`itage. age.
Mjfml Mjfml firtj firtj cfi` ngr tadjtef tadjtefss. ss.
IPPFEPAGE Fvfe i sg-miccf` kiaetfeiemf-nrff oittfry kust of mjfmlf` ngr prgpfr mge`atage, fcfmtrgcytf cfvfc ie` spfmanam drivaty.
Mjfml Mjfml fcfm fcfmtra tram m waraed waraed ngr mjinf mjinf kir kirls ls ie` tadjt tadjtefss efss..
_fk _fkgvf gvf gxa`it gxa`itage age rfk rfkiaes iaes ie` ie` rfpci rfpcimf mf iey mri mrimlf` mlf` mi mioocfs.
IPPFEPAGE Oittfry fcfmtrgcytf as vfry miustam. Ivga` iey mgetimt watj oittfry fcfmtrgcytf. An m cgtjaed, slae gr fyfs efvfrtjfcfss mgkf ae mgetimt watj fcfmtrgcytf, ncusj tjf irfis rfspfmtavf akkf`aitfcy watj witfr. An fcfmtrgcytf mgkfs aetg mgetimt watj tjf fyfs, sffl kf`amic ia` akkf`aitfcy! Efutricasf spaccf` fcfmtrgcytf it gemf.
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Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
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Cant ttjf jf oit oittfry tfry mgk mgkpirtkfe pirtkfett ca` up gut gn tjf mitmj ie` ie`
rfkgvf at upwir`. Mjfml tjf oi oittfry ttfry tg sff wjftjfr triy aas s mrimlf mrimlf`, `, pc pcitfs itfs irf cantf` gr ima` jis `riaef`.
EGPF Gxa`azf` tfrkaeics ie` mrimlf` miocfs rfsuct ae cgss gn vgctidf, tjus cfi`aed tg stirtaed `annamuctafs.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Vesmrfw mips i ie` e` mjfm mjfml l tjf fcfmtrgcytf fcfmtrgcytf ccfvfc. fvfc. Ge oi oittfttfrafs watj mjfml tuofs, tjf caqua` s jguc` of it tjf ogttgk gn tjf tuofs. Ge oittfrafs watjgut tuofs, tjf caqua` sjguc` of 92 tg 96 kk iogvf tjf pcitfs. An tj tjf f fcfmtrgcytf fcfmtrgcytf ccfvfc fvfc as cgw, tgp tgp up watj watj `astaccf` `astaccf` witfr witfr gecy. _fk _fkgvf gvf iey iey gxa`itage gxa`itage it it tjf oittfr oittfry y pgcfs ie` ie` drfis drfisf f watj ege-ima`am drfisf.
_ft _ftadj adjtfe tfe tjf pgc pgcf f mcikps mcikps nar narkcy kcy..
Mjfml fcfmtrgc fcfmtrgcytf ytf spfmanam spfmanam drivaty watj i jy`rgkftfr. jy`rgkftfr. tjf spfmanam drivaty sjguc` of oftwffe 9.?0 ie` 9.?:.
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Aestic Aesticcc tjf oittfry mgkpirt mgkpirtkfet kfet cca` a` it tjf tgp tgp ie` pusj pusj at `gwe aetg tjf mitmj.
`=69-2?/:1
64
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf ]a`fsjant *8 Mcfie, drfisf ie` mjfml tjf kguetaed -
Mcfie Mcfie tj tjf f sa` sa`fsj fsjant ant w watj atj i stfik stfik hft. hft.
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Aespfmt Aespfmt ttjf jf jy`riuc jy`riucam am pap papfs fs ie` jg jgsfs sfs ng ngrr mjin mjinf f kirls, kirls,
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ie` rfpcimf iey papfs ie` jgsfs, an rfquarf`. Mjfml tjf j jy`riucam y`riucam nattaeds nattaeds ie` kgueta kguetaed ed fcf fcfkfets kfets ngr sfmuraty ie` wfir, ie` tadjtfe gr rfpcimf tjfk, an rfquarf`.
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I`hust tjf ng ngrls rls tg diae immfss immfss tg tjf 0 drfisf e eappcfs appcfs (9).
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Cuoramit Cuoramitf f tjf rgccfr drfisf eappcfs (9) ge tjf ng ngrl rl mirra mirraidf idf watj cuoramitaed drfisf uetac efw drfisf fkfrdfs it tjf sa`f.
Kiaetfeiemf
Mcfie ie` drfisf tjf stffraed ixcf
_ftadjtfe tjf kist nistfeaed ogcts
-
-
Fcfvit Fcfvitf f tj tjf f ngrl ngrl mirra mirraidf idf i ie` e` sfm sfmurf urf i idiaest diaest aei`vfrtfet aei`vfrtfet cgwfraed.
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Mjfml ttjf jf nistfeaed nistfeaed ogcts ogcts (9) (9) (? ge fimj sa`f) gn gn tjf kist ofiraed sjfccs ngr tadjtefss. Pgrquf8 ........... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... .................... ......... :22 Ek
Pjgrgud Pjgrgudjcy jcy mcf mcfie ie tjf st stffra ffraed ed ixc ixcf f watj wi witfr tfr gr mg mgc` c` mcfiefr.
EGPF Cuoramitf watj drfisf. -
Cuoramit Cuoramitf f tjf taf rg`s i ie` e` st stuo uo ixcfs ixcfs wa watj tj cuoramita cuoramitaed ed drfisf it tjf drfisf eappcfs (sff irrgws).
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Drfisf watj i drfisf due uet uetacac nrfs nrfsj j drfis drfisf f as va vasaocf saocf it it tjf ofiraeds.
EGPF Pjf sa`fsjant kust of drfisf` fimj takf tjf truml as mcfief`. = 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9
* Gptage
? 2 ?
9
9
`=62-2=/0>
`=69-2?/:0
`=62-2=/=1
6:
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf Mjfml ie` gac tjf pf`ics, trivfc mgetrgc ie` fedaef mgetrgc caelidfs
Mjfml tjf jy`riucam gac cfvfc IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets. EGPF Ngr tjf gac cfvfc mjfml, tjf ngrl mirraidf gn tjf kist kust of cgwfrf` mgkpcftfcy. -
Tapf Tapf tjf gac `apst `apstaml aml w watj atj i mcf mcfie ie mc mcgtj gtj..
]mrfw ae tjf orfitjf orfitjfrr nactfr nactfr wat watj j gac `apstaml nuccy ie` smrfw smrfw gut idiae.
Gac cfvfc cfvfc sj sjguc` guc` o of f oftwffe oftwffe o ogtj gtj k kirlaeds irlaeds ge tjf `apstaml. `apstaml.
An ef efmfss mfssiry, iry, i i`` `` jy` jy`riuc riucam am gac u up p tg tj tjf f uppfr uppfr kirl. kirl.
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Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f ogee ogeeft ft.. Mipimaty oftwffe kix. ie` kae. k kirls irls ....... ipprgx. ?.6 catrfs
IPPFEPAGE Pjf ngccgwaed wgrl kust of mirraf` gut oy quicanaf` sfrvamf stinn. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
]mrfw g gut ut tjf orfitjfr orfitjfr nactf nactfrr (9) wat watj j gac ` `apstaml apstaml g ge e tjf ra radjt djt sa`f gn tjf truml.
EGPF Pjf tiel as scadjtcy prfssurasf`. ]gkf iar wacc fsmipf.
_fk _fkgvf gvf tj tjf f nncgg cggrr pci pcitf tf..
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf pf`ics pf`ics ng ngrr fisf fisf gn g gpfri pfritag tage. e.
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf pa pae e ie` pavgt pavgt ma marmca rmcaps ps ngr ngr sfmuraty sfmuraty..
An efm efmfssi fssiry, ry, sca scadjt djtcy cy gac cfvfr cfvfr pavgts pavgts ie ie` ` mcfvasfs. mcfvasfs.
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Ae Aesti sticc cc ttjf jf nncg cggr gr pcit pcitf. f.
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Mc Mcgs gsf f ttjf jf ogee ogeeft ft..
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
9
t=62-2?/4?
t=62-2?/09
`=62-2=/9=
61
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjiedf tjf fedaef gac (fvfry 9? kgetjs kaeakuk)
_fefw tjf fedaef gac nactfr
@riae tjf fedaef gac IPPFEPAGE
-
Rusj up tjf ruo ruoofr ofr kit kit (?) g gvfr vfr tjf gpfeaed ae tjf nrikf
MIVPAGE
nrgk ofcgw.
_asl gn smic`aed wjfe `riaeaed jgt fedaef gac.
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_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf feda fedaef ef gac `r `riae iae pc pcud ud (=) ge tj tjf f feda fedaef ef suk sukp p nrgk ofcgw.
Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets. MIVPAGE _asl gn smic`aed wjfe `riaeaed jgt fedaef gac.
Cggsfe tjf fe fedaef daef gac gac na nactfr ctfr (0) (0) ae tjf fedaef fedaef mgkpirt mgkpirtkfet kfet usaed i nactfr spieefr ie` rfkgvf oy jie`.
-
Mitmj iey gac ncgwaed ncgwaed gut ie` `a `aspgsf spgsf gn gn ae ie fevargefevargekfet-nrafe`cy wiy.
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Iccgw tjf g gacac ttg g `ria `riae e mgk mgkpcftfcy pcftfcy aetg tjf m mgetiaef getiaefr. r.
EGPF Mjiedf gac gecy wjfe tjf fedaef as it gpfritaed tfkpfriturf.
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_fnat _fnat tj tjf f `ri `riae ae pcud pcud wat watj j i efw sfic sficaed aed ra raed. ed.
Pgrquf .................... .............................. ..................... ..................... .................... .................... ............ =2 Ek
Cadjtc Cadjtcy y mgit tjf sfic sfic gn tjf efw efw nactfr nactfr watj fedaef gac.
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]mrfw ae tjf gac na nactfr ctfr oy oy jie` uetac tjf sfic sfic as sfitf`.
@r @ravf avf tru truml ml gvfr gvfr i rfpia rfpiarr pa pat. t.
Rcimf Rcimf i su suati atiocf ocf mg mgeti etiaefr aefr u ue`fr e`fr ttjf jf nrikf nrikf..
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Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f ogee ogeeft ft..
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf mip mip (9) nnrgk rgk ttjf jf naccfr naccfr g gpfe pfeaed. aed.
9
_f _fpgs pgsat atage age tjf tjf ruoof ruoofrr ki kit. t.
?
0
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
=
`=62-2=/?0
t=62-2?/44
`=62-2=/?6
>2
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
_fpcfeasj tjf fedaef gac
Mjfml mggciet strfedtj
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf mip mip (9) ge tjf tjf naccfr naccfr g gpfea pfeaed. ed.
-
Nacc Nacc efw fed fedaef aef ga gacc tjrg tjrgudj udj tj tjf f naccfr naccfr gpfe gpfeaed aed..
Pjf mggcaed systfk kust of naccf` ae icc sfisges watj i kaxturf gn witfr ie` ie uepjgspjitf` dcymgc-oisf` ietanrffzf/ ietamgrrgsage i``atavf ae gr`fr tg prgva`f prgtfmtage idiaest micmauk `fpgsats, nrgst ie` mgrrgsage `ikidfs, ie` tg riasf tjf ogacaed tfkpfriturf.
Naccaed mipimaty watj nac nactfr tfr rfefwic rfefwic ......... ............. ......... .......... .......... .......... ..........kix. .....kix. 6.2 catrfs catrfs
Intfr rfnaccaed, rfnaccaed, mj mjfml fml tjf fedaef gac cfvfc cfvfc watj tjf `a `apstaml pstaml (6) ie` i`` gac tg tjf kixakuk kirl, an efmfssiry.
MIVPAGE @g egt gpfe tjf rfsfrvgar mip (4) wjfe tjf fedaef as jgt. _asl gn smic`aed.
EGPF @uraed tjf traic rue intfr tjf gac mjiedf ie` nactfr rfefwic, gosfrvf tjf gac prfssurf wireaed cadjt ie` witmj ngr cfilidf it tjf gac `riae pcud ie` gac nactfr. Ie immuritf mjfml gn tjf gac cfvfc, pirtamucircy intfr rfefwaed tjf gac nactfr, rfquarfs stgppaed tjf fedaef idiae ie` rfmjfmlaed tjf gac cfvfc intfr iogut gef kaeutf. ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf oit oittfry tfry m mgkp gkpirt irtkfe kfett mgvfr mgvfr (>).
IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets.
Mjfml Mjfml tjf st strfed rfedtj tj gn tj tjf f mggc mggciet iet aae e tjf rfsfrv rfsfrvgar gar..
Pjf i ietanrff etanrffzf zf sjgu sjguc` c` of sunnama sunnamafet fet ng ngrr tfk tfkpfritur pfriturfs fs `gwe tg -?6 ²M. ²M. Pjf kaxaed ritag ngr tjas as 02 % ietanrf fzf ie` >2 % pgtiocf witfr.
Kaxaed ritag ngr cgwfr tfkpfriturfs8 Pfkpfriturf Ietanrffzf -=2 ²M 06 % -=6 ²M 62 % An tjfrf as tgg cattcf ietanrffzf8 -
_fkgvf tjf `riae `riae pcud pcud it tjf mycae`fr mycae`fr ocgml ie` pirtaiccy pirtaiccy `riae tjf mggciet.
-
_f-aest _f-aesticc icc i ie` e` ta tadjt djtfe fe tjf tjf `riae `riae pc pcud. ud.
-
I`` i ietanrf etanrffzf fzf aet aetg g tjf mggciet rfsfrvgar uetac tjf mgrrfmt mgrrfmt kaxaed ritag as gotiaef`.
Mggcaed systfk mipimaty .............................ipprgx. .............................ipprgx. 4.2 catrfs -
9
Rgtiocf witfr 66 % 62 %
_fn _fnat at ttjf jf oittf oittfry ry mgkpi mgkpirtk rtkfet fet m mgvfr gvfr..
4 >
6
`=62/6?
`=62/69
`=62-2=/?=
>9
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts MIVPAGE ]tgp tjf fedaef ie` rfkgvf tjf adeatage lfy.
-
Mjfml tjf `ravfofcts `ravfofcts ngr ngr fxm fxmfssavf fssavf wfir, wgre nciels, mrimls ie` trimfs gn gac.
-
_f _fef efw w i `i `iki kidf df` ` `r `ravf avfof ofct ct..
Kiaetfeiemf
Padjtfe tjf ictfreitgr `ravfofct
Padjtfe tjf mggciet pukp `ravfofct
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf smrfws smrfws (0) ge ge tj tjf f mjissas mjissas..
Vesm Vesmrfw rfw tj tjf f smrfws smrfws (6) g ge e tjf mg mggci gciet et pukp pukp puccfy. puccfy.
_f _fkg kgvf vf tjf tjf mgv mgvfr fr ((=) =)..
Pg tad tadjtfe jtfe gr rfkgvf tjf `ravfofct, `ravfofct, tilf gnn gnn tjf nrget puccfy puccfy jicn (>).
Cgg Cggsf sfe e tjf tjf cgmle cgmleut ut (9). (9).
Pure ttjf jf i`h i`hustkfet ustkfet ogct (?) uet uetacac tjf tjf prgpf prgpfrr `ravf `ravfofct ofct tfesage as gotiaef`.
I`hust tjf `ravfofct `ravfofct tfesage oy nattaed nattaed kgrf kgrf gr cfss sja sjaks ks (4) oftwffe tjf puccfy jicvfs.
Rcimf rfkgvf` sjaks ae nrg nrget et gn tjf gutfr gutfr pu puccfy ccfy j jicn. icn.
Padj Padjtf tfe e cgml cgmleu eutt (9). (9).
Padj Padjtfe tfe tjf pucc puccfy fy ogct ogcts s (? (?2 2 Ek). Ek).
IPPFEPAGE I orglfe gr sciml `ravfofct rf`umfs mggcaed.
EGPF Mjfml ofct tfesage watj tjuko prfssurf. _ftadjtfe efw `ravfofcts intfr tjfy jivf rue 96 tg ?2 kaeutfs.
@fncfmtage gn `ravfofct sjguc` of8
efw `rav `ravfofct....... fofct............ ......... ........ ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ ....... ... ipprgx ipprgx.. ? kk
rue-ae ` `ravfof ravfofct ct ..... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ ......... ......... ...... .. ipprgx ipprgx.. 6 k kk k
-
An tjf tjf tf tfesage esage as aesunnama aesunnamafet, fet, tadjtf tadjtfe e tjf `ravfofc `ravfofct. t.
-
_f _fna natt ttjf jf mgv mgvfr fr (=) (=)..
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
=
0
`=62/>0
>?
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjfml tjf tfesage ie` mge`atage gn tjf tggtjf` ofct, rfefw an efmfssiry MIVPAGE ]tgp tjf fedaef ie` rfkgvf tjf adeatage lfy. -
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf tgp tg tggtjf gtjf` ` ofct m mgvf gvfrr (9) it tj tjf f feda fedaef. ef.
-
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf tggtjf tggtjf` ` ofct nngr gr fxmf fxmfssav ssavf f wfir wfir,, `iki `ikidf` df` tfftj, wgre nciels, orfils ie` trimfs gn gac.
-
Jivf ttjf jf tggtjf` tggtjf` o ofct fct rf rfefwf` efwf` oy ygur iutjgra iutjgrasf` sf` `f `ficfr. icfr.
-
Rrfss ` `gwe gwe ge tjf ttggtjf` ggtjf` ofct ((?) ?) wat watj j tjf tjuko. tjuko. Pjf aeefr (=) ie` gutfr (0) kirls sjguc` kgvf.
-
_fcfisf tjf tg tggtjf` gtjf` ofct ((?). ?). Pjf Pjf tfes tfesageaed ageaed puccfy sjguc` rfture tg ats gradaeic pgsatage. Pjf kirls (=) ie` (0) s jguc` caef up idiae.
IPPFEPAGE An tjf tfesage gn tjf tggtjf` ofct as aesunnamafet, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. -
_fnat _fnat tjf tjf tggt tggtjf` jf` of ofct ct mgv mgvfr fr (9) it ttjf jf fedaef. fedaef.
MIVPAGE Pjf tfesageaed puccfy as spraed-cgi`f` ie` wacc rfture iutgkitamiccy tg ats gradaeic pgsatage.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
?
= 9
0
`=62-2=/60
`=62-2=/66
>=
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf mguetfrwfadjt, gvfrjfi` duir`, stffraed ixcf ie` `ravf ixcf ngr sfmuraty
Mjfml tjf st stffraed ffraed ixcf, `ravf ixcf, mguetfrw mguetfrwfadjt fadjt ie` gvfrjfi` duir` ngr tadjtefss gn nistfefrs ie` ngr wfir.
Padjtf Padjtfe e ie iey y cg cggsf gsf eut euts s ie ie` ` ogcts ogcts..
_f _fpc pcimf imf `iki `ikidf df` ` pir pirts ts..
An efmfs efmfssiry siry,, tgumj tgumj u up p tjf pia piaet et mg mgit. it.
Kiaetfeiemf
Mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr EGPF Gecy mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ie` jy`riucam gac mggcfr wjfe tjf fedaef as stgppf` ie` mggc.
Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk* (viraiet AA) -
Mjfml ttjf jf fcfmtram fcfmtram mgetimts ngr ttadjtefs adjtefss, s, mgrrgsage mgrrgsage ie` `ikidf.
Mcfieaed watj mgkprfssf` iar - Mcfie tjf ri`aitg ri`aitgrr wat watj j mgkprfssf` mgkprfssf` iar nnrgk rgk tjf f fedaef edaef sa`f. - Ncusj Ncusj ie iey y cggs cggsfef` fef` `art gnn w watj atj i witf witfrr hft hft..
-
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf mgkoust mgkoustage age iar iar jgsf ngr ngr `ikidf, `ikidf, cf cfils ils ie` ie` sfmuraty.
-
Mjfml nnufc-mge` ufc-mge`umtaed umtaed caefs ie` pirts pirts nngr gr `ik `ikidf, idf, cfils ie` sfmuraty.
Mcfieaed watj i mgc` mcfiefr
-
Mjfml tjf systfk ngr mgrrfmt gpfrita gpfritage ge (sggt (sggt wireaed, wireaed, imgustam icirk, rfdfefritage, `aidegstam cikp).
-
Mjfml ttjf jf oure ourefr fr kg kguetaed uetaed ngr cfils, cfils, sf sfmuraty muraty ie` `f `fngrngrkitage.
-
Mcfi Mcfie e tjf mgrrud mgrruditf itf` ` jgsf ie ie` ` fcogw fcogw (nie tg tg ourefr). ourefr).
-
Mcfie watj i mgkk mgkkfrmaic frmaic mgc` m mcfiefr cfiefr ie` ic iccgw cgw tg sgil ae ngr ipprgx. 92 kaeutfs. Mcfie tjf ri`aitgr ri`aitgr watj i strge strged d witf witfrr hft nrgk tjf fe fedaef daef sa`f. IPPFEPAGE Rrgtfmt tjf ictfreitgr idiaest tjf `arfmt witfr hft.
-
Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ngr sfrvamaed. = 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9
Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft.. Cft ttjf jf fedaef fedaef rue wirk tg tg fvip fvipgritf gritf iey rfsa rfsa`uic `uic w witfr itfr ie` prfvfet rust ngrkitage. * Gptage
? 2 ?
y,B
yB ,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
y,B
yB ,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
y,B
y,B ,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
y,B
y,B ,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
y,B
yB ,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
yB
,
`=62/94
`=62-2=/04
`=62/6=
>0
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf kist, kist mjiaes ie` fe` stgps ngr mge`atage, sfmuraty ie` gpfritage
Mcfi Mcfie e tj tjf f kist kist m mjiee jieefcs fcs ie` mjiaes. mjiaes.
Aespfmt tjf mj mjiaes iaes ngr ngr mge` mge`atage atage ie` wfi wfir, r, fsp fspfmaiccy fmaiccy ae tjf puccfy irfi.
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf mjiae mjiae sfmurat sfmuraty y it tj tjf f mji mjiae ae ie iemjgr mjgr..
_fpci _fpcimf mf ie iey y `ik `ikidf idf` ` mjiae mjiaes. s.
Mjfml k kist, ist, m mjieefcs jieefcs ie` rgccfrs rgccfrs ngr mge`atage mge`atage ie` sf sfmumuraty.
-
Kiaetfeiemf
I`hust tjf kist mjiae cfedtj*
I`hust tjf cant mjiae cfedtj*
EGPF Is kist mjiaes strftmj watj usf, tjfy kust of i`hustf`, ge tjf cfnt ie` radjt jie` sa`f.
EGPF Pjf cant mjiae kust of i`hustf` is at strftmjfs watj usf.
-
Mgk Mgkpc pcft ftfcy fcy cgw cgwfr fr tjf tjf k kist ist.. Cgg Cggsf sfe e tjf tjf cgmle cgmleut ut (9). (9). I`hust mjiae ccfedtj fedtj watj ttjf jf i`hu i`hustaed staed eut (?) it tj tjf f mjiae iemjgr. Pjf cgwfr dua`f puccfy ge tjf ngrl mirraidf mie prghfmt kix. ?6 kk nrgk tjf aeefr kist mjieefc. Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf tjf cgmleut cgmleut (9) nar narkcy. kcy. I`hust I`hust icsg tjf sfmg sfmge` e` k kist ist mjiae. mjiae.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
-
Nuc Nuccy cy cg cgwfr wfr ttjf jf kist kist ie` ie` ng ngrl rl mirrai mirraidf. df. Cggsf Cggsfe e ttjf jf cg cgmle mleut ut (9). (9). I`hust mjiae cfedtj watj tjf tjf i`hustaed i`hustaed eut (? (?)) ge ttjf jf mji mjiae ae iemjgr. Pjf cgwfr dua`f rgccfr gn ngrl mirraidf kiy prg hfmt i kixakuk gn ?6 kk nrgk aeefr kist mjieefc. Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf tjf cg cgmleu mleutt (9 (9)) na narkc rkcy. y.
Cuoramitf tjf cant mjiae watj mjiae spriy
Cuoramitf watj mjiae spriy
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf stgps stgps ngr mge` mge`ata atage ge ie` prgpfr prgpfr gpf gpfrita ritage. ge.
]priy ]priy tjf du dua`a a`aed ed surnimfs surnimfs ie ie` ` mjia mjiae e watj Cae` Cae`f f mjiae mjiae spriy.
]priy mjieefc surnimfs, puccfys ie` mjiaes watj Cae`f mjiae spriy.
EGPF
EGPF Prumls ae sfrvamf ae tjf ngg` ae`ustry kust of cuoramitf` watj i spfmaic gac aestfi` gn mjiae spriy.
Prumls ae sfrvamf ae tjf ngg` ae`ustry kust of cuoramitf` watj i tjae gac ipprgvf` ngr tjf ngg` ae`ustry aestfi` gn mjiae spriy.
* ngr stie`ir` kists gecy
* ngr `upcfx ie` trapcfx kists gecy
9
?
?
`=62-2=/0:
f==>/:4
9
`=69-2?/10
>6
622-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml ie` gac gtjfr pavgts ie` hgaets
Mjfml tjf ngrls ie` ngrl quaml-rfcfisfs
Aespfmt ie` gac tjf pavgts ie` kguetaeds gn8
Aespfmt tjf nngrls grls ngr ngr vasa vasaocf ocf ` `astgrta astgrtage, ge, wfir wfir ie` ie` `ik `ikidf. idf.
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf ogct ogcts s ngrl stg stgps ps ie` ngr ngrl l quaml quaml-rfc -rfcfisf fisfs s ngr mgrrfmt sfitaed ie` `ikidf.
_fpci _fpcimf mf iey iey `ik `ikid idf` f` p pir irts. ts.
]fit ]fit dua dua`f, `f, ogee ogeeft ft kguet kguetaed aed p pavg avgtt pae
Tae` Tae`sm smrf rffe fe w wap apfr frs* s*
Mio* Mio* `ggr `ggr jaed jaedfs fs i ie` e` ccgml gmls s
-
Mjfm Mjfml l ie` drf drfisf isf tjf tjf feda fedaef ef cgm cgml l kgue kguetae taed d ie` prf prftfe tfe-sage.
* Gptage
Kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf prf-tfesage gn `guocf jgsfs an ittimjkfets irf nattf`
Pjf pr prf-tf f-tfesag esage e gn `gu `guocf ocf jgsfs jgsfs sj sjguc` guc` of of 6 - 92 kk pf pfrr kftrf rfnfrrf` tg aeataic cfedtj.
I`hust tjf prf-tfesag prf-tfesage e tg ttjf jf spfmanaf` spfmanaf` ttfesage fesage oy oy sjantaed sjantaed tjf jgsfs ae tjf mcikps.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62-2=/01
f==>/::
>>
9222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
_fefw tjf iar nactfr fcfkfet, mjfml tjf vimuuk swatmj
Mjfml tjf fedaef ie` fedaef suppgrt kguetaed ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss
(Fvfry 9? kgetjs kaeakuk gr intfr 6 mcfieaeds)
-
Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f oge ogeef eft. t.
Vesmrfw tjf waed waed eut (?) ie` rfkgvf tjf ia iarr nactfr nactfr mgvfr (9).
Pilf mi mirf rf egt tg `ik `ikidf idf tj tjf f fcf fcfkfet kfet `uraed aesticcitage, aesticcitage, ie` of surf tjit tjf mgrrfmt fe` as ae.
Nist Nistfe fe fcf fcfkfe kfett watj eut eut ie` kgu kguet et tjf na nactf ctfrr mgvfr. mgvfr.
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf jgsf jgsf (6 (6)) nrgk nrgk tj tjf f iar aecf aecft. t.
-
Tatj ttjf jf fed fedaef aef rue rueeaed, eaed, scgwcy scgwcy m mcgsf cgsf tj tjf f iar nactfr aetilf gpfeaed (fd watj i mir`ogir` gr kftic pcitf) uetac tjf iar nactfr rfstramtf` wireaed cadjt ae tjf mgkpgsatf aestrukfet cadjts up. Pg prfvfet `ikidf, `g egt mcgsf tjf gpfeaed nurtjfr intfr tjf wireaed cadjt accukaeitfs.
Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf fedaef ie` fe fedaef daef su suppgrt ppgrt kgueta kguetaed ed euts euts ie` ogcts ge ogtj sa`fs.
Pgrquf (>) Eut K92 (0 atfks) atfks) ............ ......................... .......................... ........................ ........... 0> Ek (4) Eut K92 (? atfks) atfks) ............ ......................... .......................... ........................ ........... 0> Ek (:) Ogct K9> (? atfks) ............ ......................... ........................... ...................... ........ 916 Ek
Vesm Vesmrfw rfw eu eutt (0) ie` ie` rfkg rfkgvf vf iar nnact actfr fr fcfkfe fcfkfett (=).
IPPFEPAGE Pjgrgudjcy mcfie tjf aesa`f gn tjf iar nactfr misaed. @g egt mcfie watj mgkprfssf` iar, out wapf watj i mcfie mcgtj.
EGPF An tjf iar nactfr rfstramtage ae`amitgr `gfs egt cadjt, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
_f fnn atat tj tj f j gsf gsf..
6
9
=
?
0
`=62/49
`=62-2=/?>
> 4
>
:
`=62-=/2>2
>4
9222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf iar aetilf ie` fxjiust papfs ngr cfils
Mjfml tjf jy`riucam systfk, `ravf ixcf, pukps, vicvfs ie` caefs ngr cfils
Mjfml ttjf jf mgk mgkoustage oustage iar jgsfs jgsfs ge tjf ia iarr nact nactfr fr ngr mge`atage ie` tadjtefss. An efmfssiry, rf-tadjtfe jgsf mcikps
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf ncgg ncggrr pci pcitf tf..
ie` rfpcimf iey pgrgus jgsfs.
Fxi Fxikae kaef f tjf iar aetil aetilf f ie` fxji fxjiust ust ki kiean eangc`s gc`s it ttjf jf mycae`fr jfi`. An tjfy prgvf egt tg of tadjt, rftadjtfe tjf nistfeaed ogcts gr rfpcimf tjf dislfts.
Fxikae Fxikaef f icc mgeefmtages mgeefmtages o oftwffe ftwffe tjf gac rrfsfrvgar fsfrvgar,, `ra `ravf vf ixcf, pukps ie` mgetrgc vicvfs ngr cfils. Padjtfe iey cggsf mgeefmtages.
Aespfmt tjf cant, cant, tact ie` st stffraed ffraed mycae`fr mycae`frs s ngr cfils.
_fpci _fpcimf mf i iey ey pgrg pgrgus us j jgsf gsfs. s.
Fxikae Fxikaef f papf papfs s ie` jgsf jgsfs s ngr mji mjinf nf kir kirls ls ie` rfp rfpcimf cimf,, an efmfssiry.
-
Aespfmt tjf fx fxjiust jiust papf ngr ngr cfil cfils s it tjf kieangc` kieangc` ie` tadjtfe tjf nistfeaed smrfws gr rfefw tjf dislft, an efmfssiry.
Kiaetfeiemf _fefw tjf nufc nactfr IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
Rcimf Rcimf i suati suatiocf ocf mgetia mgetiaefr efr ofefitj ofefitj ttjf jf nufc nact nactfr. fr.
Mcf Mcfie ie ttjf jf f fxtfr xtfragr agr gn tjf nac nactfr tfr..
Vesmrfw tjf nufc nactfr (9) mirfnuccy mirfnuccy (nufc cfils gut).
Mcf Mcfie ie tj tjf f sficaed sficaed su surni rnimf mf gn ttjf jf na nactf ctfrr jfi`. jfi`.
Mgit ttjf jf ruoofr ruoofr dislft dislft gn gn i efw na nactf ctfrr watj nufc. nufc.
Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf tjf nufc nufc nnact actfr fr oy oy ji jie`. e`.
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf na nactf ctfrr ngr cfils cfils ae i traic traic rue rue gn tj tjf f fedaef. fedaef.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
9
`=62-2=/=>
`=62-2=/?:
`=62-2=/??
>:
9222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
_fefw tjf prfssurf, sumtage, ie` orfitjfr nactfrs ae tjf jy`riucam systfk _fefw tjf prfssurf nactfr IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
C gw gw f frr ttj j f ki st st. _fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf mgvfr mgvfr i itt tjf nrget nrget gn ttjf jf tr truml. uml. Cgg Cggsfe sfe nactfr nactfr jgus jgusaed aed (9) oy j jie` ie`..
EGPF Rcimf i `asj ue`fr tjf nactfr tg mgccfmt iey jy`riucam gac ncgwaed gut. ? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
-
Ve Vesmr smrfw fw ttjf jf jgus jgusaed aed oy ji jie` e`.. _fkgvf ie` ` `asmir` asmir` tjf nactfr nactfr fcfkfe fcfkfett is rfquarf` oy cgm cgmic ic ciws ie` rfducitages. Mjfml Mjfml G-ra G-raed ed ge tj tjf f nactfr nactfr jf jfi`, i`, rf rfefw efw an rrfqua fquarf`. rf`. Ae Aesfr sfrtt i efw efw nact nactfr fr fcf fcfkf kfet et.. _fnat _fnat tj tjf f nac nactfr tfr jg jgusae usaed d ie` ttadj adjtfe tfe oy oy jie` jie`.. Mjfml Mjfml gac ttadjt adjtefs efss s gn tjf nact nactfr fr ae i tr traic aic ru rue. e. _fnat _fnat tj tjf f mgvf mgvfrr it ttjf jf nr nrget get g gnn tjf ttruml ruml..
_fefw tjf sumtage nactfr
_fefw tjf orfitjfr nactfr
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf nistfeae nistfeaed d smrfws smrfws (?) ge ttjf jf s sumt umtage age nac nactfr tfr mgvfr (=).
]mrfw g gut ut orfi orfitjfr tjfr na nactfr ctfr (0) (0) watj `apstaml (6) gn jy`riucam jy`riucam gac tiel.
-
Can Cantt tjf sumtag sumtage e nactfr nactfr mg mgvfr vfr ie ie` ` put at i isa`f sa`f..
]cgwcy fxtrimt tjf na nactfr ctfr fc fcfkfet fkfet sg tji tjitt tjf gac mie ncgw oiml tg tjf tiel.
Vesmrfw tjf `apstaml `apstaml (6) nrg nrgk k orf orfitjfr itjfr nactfr nactfr ie` kguet kguet getg tjf efw nactfr (0).
Mirf Mirfnuc nuccy cy aesfrt aesfrt i efw fc fcfkf fkfet et aetg aetg tjf tjf ogwc. ogwc.
Mcfie tjf sfi sficaed caed raed raed ge tjf nnactfr actfr mgvfr, g gacac sca scadjtcy djtcy ie` ie` aesticc at watj tjf nistfeaed smrfws (?).
Mjfml Mjfml tj tjf f na nactf ctfrr ngr cfils cfils ae i traic traic ru rue. e.
Mjfml Mjfml gac cf cfvfc vfc wat watj j tjf `ap `apsta staml ml (6), aann efmf efmfssir ssiry y i`` jy`riucam gac.
EGPF Ae i `usty itkgspjfrf at kiy ofmgkf efmfssiry tg rfefw tjf nactfr fircafr. -
Ae Aest stic iccc tj tjf f nc ncgg ggrr pc pcit itf. f.
-
Mc Mcgs gsf f ttjf jf ogee ogeeft ft..
?
0 6
9
=
`=62-2=/?1
`=62-2=/=0
`=62-2=/=2
>1
9222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk* (viraiet AA)
Kiaetfeiemf
Mjfml tjf pirlaed orilf @ravf tjf cant truml watj tjf kixakuk cgi` getg i 96 % scgpf.
-
Aesp Aespfmt fmt tjf tjf na nactf ctfrr kgu kguets ets ngr ngr sfm sfmurat uraty. y.
-
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf pir pirts ts mge`umta mge`umtaed ed fxj fxjiust iust d disfs isfs ng ngrr cfils cfils..
-
Mcfie ttjf jf iar aetilf tuof it tjf our ourefr efr (ngr (ngr tjas cggsfe tjf gcavf nattaed ie` rfkgvf iey sggt watj i rgue` warf orusj).
-
Mjfml ttjf jf smrfws smrfws ge ttjf jf nactfr nactfr mi misaed saed ie` ie` pirt pirts s mge`um mge`umtaed taed fxjiust disfs ngr tadjtefss.
Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ngr tjfsf sfrvamfs.
@fprf @fprfss ss tjf tjf o ori rilf lf pf` pf`ic ic ((9). 9).
Rcimf tjf p pirlaed irlaed orilf ccfvfr fvfr (? (?)) ae tjf up pgsatag pgsatage. e. Pj Pjf f orilf pf`ic wacc cgml. Pjf truml kust egt kgvf.
_fcfisf tjf p pirlaed irlaed orilf cfvfr (?). P Pjf jf orilf orilf pf`ic pf`ic wa wacccc rfture tg ats aeataic pgsatage.
]t ]tgp gp tjf tjf feda fedaef ef.. Pjf cant truml kust egt kgvf.
EGPF An tjf pirlaed orilf as egt gpfritaed mgrrfmtcy, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
* Gptage
9 ?
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
`=62/6=
`=69-2?/992
42
?222 ?2 22-j -jgu gurr ae aespfm spfmttage age ie` ie` kiae kiaetf tfe eiemf iemf / =22 =2222-j jgur gur ae aespfm spfmttag age e ie` ie` kiae kiaetf tfe eiemf iemf Mjfml tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk* (viraiet AA) -
_fefw tjf mggciet
(gr fvfry ? yfirs)
Ae icc sfisges tjf mggcaed sys tfk kust of naccf` watj i kaxturf gn witfr ie` uepjgspjitf` dcymgc-oisf` ietanrffzf watj ie ietamgrrgsage i``atavf tg prgva`f prgtfmtage idiaest micmauk `fpgsats, nrgst ie` mgrrgsage `ikidf, ie` tg riasf tjf ogacaed tfkpfriturf.
Mjfm Mjfml l tjf dcgw dcgw naci nacikfe kfett gn tjf jfitf jfitfrr pcud ng ngrr strg strged ed `fngrkitage, miroge `fpgsats.
Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ngr sfrvamaed.
-
Rucc tjf oittfry oittfry mgkpirtk mgkpirtkfet fet mg mgvfr vfr (9) gut gn tjf rftiaefr rftiaefr it tjf ogttgk ie` rfkgvf at upwir`s. MIVPAGE @g egt gpfe tjf mggciet rfsfrvgar mip (?) wjfe tjf fedaef as jgt. @iedfr gn smic`aed. IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed nufcs ie` cuoramiets.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
-
Kiae Kiaettfeie feiemf mf
Gp Gpfe fe tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft.. Rcimf i `asj gn su sunnamafe nnamafett mip mipimaty imaty ue`fr tjf `riaes. `riaes. Iccgw tjf mgg mggciet ciet tg `ria `riae e gut fatjfr vai mggciet mggciet j jgsfs gsfs gr i nciedf ge tjf mggciet pukp.
* Gptage
-
@asm @asmir` ir` tj tjf f mggciet mggciet is rf rfqua quarf` rf` oy cgmic cgmic ciws ciws ie` rfdurfducitages. Aesticc ie` mgeefmt mgeefmt m mggciet ggciet jgsfs gr gr tadjt tadjtfe fe tjf nciedf ge tjf mggciet pukp. Nac Naccc efw mggciet mggciet aetg aetg tjf tjf mggciet mggciet rf rfsfrv sfrvgar gar..
Mggcaed systfk mipimaty ................ ........................... ........... ipprgx. 4.2 catrfs -
Pjf ie ietanrffz tanrffzf f sjguc sjguc` ` of sunnamafet sunnamafet ngr ngr tfkpfritur tfkpfriturfs fs `gwe tg -?6 ²M. ²M. Pjf kaxaed ritag ngr tjas as 02 % ie tanrffzf ie` >2 % pgtiocf witfr.
Kaxaed ritag ngr cgwfr tfkpfriturfs8 Pfkpfriturf I et an rffzf -=2 ²M 06 % -=6 ²M 62 % -
Rgtiocf witfr 66 % 62 %
_ue tjf fedaef uetac i icccc gn tjf iar tjf mggcaed mggcaed sys systfk tfk as fcakaeitf`. ]mrf ]mrfw w ge ttjf jf mggci mggciet et rfsfr rfsfrvgar vgar mip (?). (?). Jggl ae tjf oittfry oittfry mgkpirt mgkpirtkfet kfet mgvfr (9) (9) it ttjf jf tgp ie` pusj aetg tjf rftiaefr it tjf ogttgk.
?
9
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
y,B
`=62/60
`=62/6=
`=62/66
49
=222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
_fefw tjf ictfreitgr ie` mggciet pukp `ravfofcts MIVPAGE ]tgp tjf fedaef ie` rfkgvf tjf adeatage lfy.
-
Aestic Aesticcc i efw ` `ravfofct ravfofct (1) watj tjf nrget puccfy jicn (>).
-
I`hust tjf of ofct ct tfesage tfesage o oy y aesti aesticcaed ccaed kgrf g grr cfss sjaks (4) oftwffe tjf puccfy jicvfs. Rcimf i iey ey sjak sjaks s tilfe gut ae nrget gn gn tjf g gutfr utfr pu puccfy ccfy jicn. jicn.
EGPF Mjfml ofct tfesage watj tjuko prfssurf. _ftadjtfe efw `ravfofcts intfr tjfy jivf rue 96 tg ?2 kaeutfs.
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf s smrfw mrfws s (0 (0)) ge tjf tjf nnrik rikf. f.
-
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tj tjf f mgvf mgvfrr ((=). =).
-
Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf nnistf istfeae eaed d smrf smrfws ws (6 (6)) (?6 Ek). Ek).
-
Efw `ravfo `ravfofct....... fct............ ......... ......... ......... ........ ......... ......... ......... ....... ipprgx. ipprgx. ? kk
-
Cgg Cggsfe sfe tj tjf f cgm cgmleu leutt (9) (9)..
-
Aest Aestic iccc i ef efw w `ra `ravf vfofc ofctt (:). (:).
-
Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf `ravfofct `ravfofct an tjf tfesage tfesage as ae aesunnama sunnamafet. fet.
Pure ttjf jf tfe tfesage sageaed aed smrfw smrfw (?) tg pavgt pavgt tj tjf f ictf ictfreit reitgr gr tgwir`s tjf fedaef.
-
Pure ttjf jf tfesageaed tfesageaed smrfw (? (?)) uetac tjf of ofct ct as tfesagef`. tfesagef`.
-
_fn _fnat at ttjf jf m mgvfr gvfr (=) ge ttjf jf nnrik rikf. f.
Padjtf Padjtfe e tjf tjf ccgmle gmleut ut ((9) 9) nark narkcy. cy.
-
Mc Mcgs gsf f ttjf jf ogee ogeeft ft..
-
Ae tja tjas s pgsat pgsatage age at as pgssa pgssaocf ocf ttg g rfkgvf rfkgvf tjf `ravfofc `ravfofctt (:).
-
_fk _fkgvf gvf tjf tjf mggciet mggciet p pukp ukp p pucc uccfy fy smr smrfws fws (6 (6). ).
-
_fkgvf tjf nrget nrget puccfy puccfy jicn (>) ie` tilf gn gnnn tjf ofct ((1). 1).
-
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
=
0
`=62/>0
4?
=222-jgur aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf
Kiaetfeiemf
_fefw tjf jy`riucam gac
_fefw tjf tggtjf` ofct
@riaeaed tjf jy`riucam gac
Naccaed/i``aed jy`riucam gac
EGPF Pjf ngrl mirraidf kust of cgwfrf` mgkpcftfcy.
Mipimaty ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ............... ... ipprgx. 94.2 catrfs
IPPFEPAGE Ngccgw tjf prfmiutages ngr jie`caed ncua`s ie` cuoramiets.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
@ravf @ravf tj tjf f tr truml uml gvfr i rfpia rfpiarr pat. pat. Rut i mgetiaefr mgetiaefr ue` ue`fr fr tjf cant truml truml it tjf radjt radjt sa sa`f. `f. Gp Gpfe fe tj tjf f ogee ogeeft ft.. _fkgvf tjf orf orfitjfr itjfr nactfr nactfr w watj atj tj tjf f gac ` `apstaml apstaml (?) nrg nrgk k tjf naccfr jgcf. _fkgvf tjf jy`riucam jy`riucam gac `ri `riae ae pcu pcud d (9) it tjf jy` jy`riucam riucam gac tiel. Iccgw Iccgw tjf tjf ga gacc tg `ria `riae e mgkpc mgkpcftf ftfcy. cy. Mcfie Mcfie tjf i irfi rfi irgue` irgue` tjf tjf gac `ria `riae e tjgr tjgrgudj gudjcy. cy. _f _f-ae -aest sticc icc tj tjf f `r `riae iae pcud pcud..
-
Nacc Nacc jy`r jy`riuca iucam m gac ae aetg tg tj tjf f naccfr naccfr jg jgcf cf (=) (=)..
Mjfml ttjf jf gac ccfvfc fvfc wa watj tj tjf `apstam `apstaml l (?) ie` nacc ga gacc uetac tjf uppfr kirl ge tjf `apstaml as rfimjf`.
-
Mc Mcgs gsf f tjf tjf ogee ogeeft ft..
_ue ttjf jf fe fedae daef f ora orafnc fncy y ie` rrfpfi fpfitt tjf mjfml. mjfml.
EGPF ]pfmaic fquapkfet as efmfssiry ngr rfpcimaed tjf tggtjf` ofct. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
EGPF Pjf jy`riucam systfk as ocf` iutgkitamiccy wjfe tjf fedaef as rueeaed.
Pgrquf .................... .............................. .................... .................... .................... .................... ............ .. ?6 Ek
?
9
=
t=62-2?/:=
`=62-2=/==
`=62-2=/=9
4=
Aespfmtage ie` kiaetfeiemf `iti
Kiaetfeiemf
Eg.
I s s f k o cy
Ia`s/ Ncua`s ie` cuoramiets
Naccaed mipimaty/ ]ft taeds
9
Fe d a e f
Fedaef gac
Tatj nactfr rfefwic
?
Nufc tiel
@afsfc nufc
=
Mggcaed systfk
Ietanrffzf / witfr
0
Jy`riucam systfk
Jy`riucam gac
6
Oittfry
@astaccf` witfr
>
Pyrfs
Iar
4
Padjtfe wjffc nistfefrs - tgrquf
:
Kist ie` tact mycae`fr pavgts
Cuoramitaed drfisf
Is rfquarf`
1
]tffraed ixcf
Cuoramitaed drfisf
Is rfquarf`
92
Cant mjiaes, kist mjieefcs
Cae`f mjiae spriy
Is rfquarf`
99
@ravfofct tfesage Mggciet pukp Ictfreitgr
]trged tjuko prfssurf @ f nc f m t a g e
ipprgx. 6.2 catrfs ?4.2 catrfs ipprgx. 4.2 catrfs ipprgx. 94.2 catrfs Is rfquarf` ]ff aengrkitage ge ciofc ge aesa`f gn gvfrjfi` duir` 916 Ek
Efw `ravfofct _ue-ae `ravfofct
ipprgx. ? kk ipprgx. 6 kk
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
40
Nufc ie` gac rfmgkkfe`itages Fedaef gac ]pfmanamitage ie` vasmgsaty MMKM spfmanamitage8 R@-?/@0/@6 IRA mcissanamitage8 M@/MF ^T stie`ir`8 622 22/629 29/626 22
6 = / = 2 2 6 = `
Rrfnfriocy usf ]IF 96 T - 02 gacs. I spfmaic jadj quicaty kuctadri`f gac as icrfi`y naccf` ae tjf nimtgry wjamj mie of usf` tjrgudjgut tjf yfir, fxmfpt ae fxtrfkf mcakitfs.
-02 -= -=2 -? - ?2
-9 2
2
92
?2
=2
02
62
Vkdfouedstfkpfritur Ikoafet tfkpfriturf
]aemf tjas gac wfir `fpfe`s ge tjf gpfritaed mge`atages ie` tjf quicaty gn tjf gac (gac pfrngrkiemf) ie` nufc usf`, gac mjiedf aetfrvics gn `annfrfet cfedtjs rfsuct. Pjf cgedfst pgssaocf gac mjiedf aetfrvic ngr cuoramitaed gac ae tjf fedaef as gef yfir. Pjas kfies tjit tjf gac kust of rfefwf` it cfist gemf fvfry 9? kgetjs, rfdir`cfss gn tjf gac mjiedf aetfrvics.
Is niuctcfss gpfritage ie` i cged fedaef sfrvamf canf `fpfe` ge usaed i quicaty fedaef gac, nacc gecy i quicaty fedaef gac wjfe i``aed ie` mjiedaed gac.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Pjf spfmanamitages davfe jfrf sjguc` of stitf` ge tjf mgetiaefrs fatjfr saedcy gr tgdftjfr watj gtjfr spfmanamitages.
IPPFEPAGE ]tgrf iey `riaef` gac sinfcy gut gn tjf rfimj gn mjac`rfe uetac `aspgsf` gn ae immgr`iemf watj ciws
Tjfe i``aed gac, kaxaed gacs as iccgwf`. Mjggsf tjf gac vasmgsaty mcissanamitage immgr`aed tg tjf mjirt. Pjf gac `gfs egt eff` tg of mjiedf` an tjf ikoafet tfkpfriturf fxmff`s tjf davfe riedfs gecy orafncy.
ie` rfducitages. @g egt `aspgsf gn tjf gac oy pguraed at aetg tjf sfwfrs gr ge tjf drgue`.
EGPF ]aedcf dri`f gacs irf dfefriccy egt suatiocf ngr icc sfisges `uf tg tjfar cakatf` vasmgsaty riedf. Pjfsf gacs sjguc` gecy of usf` ae fxtrfkf mcakitfs. Pjf gacs sjguc` egt mgetiae iey lae` gn i``atavfs.
@uf tg tjf `aspgsic prgocfk ie` tjf spfmaic tggcs ie` slaccs rfquarf`, at as rfmgkkfe`f` tjit ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr pfrngrk tjf fedaef gac ie` gac nactfr mjiedf. Prumls fquappf` watj i sggt pirtamucitf nactfr sjguc` gecy of gpfritf` watj isj-nrff gacs. _fsa`ufs nr gk tjf mgkoustage gn i``atavfs (isj) mieegt of rfdfefritf` ie` tjfy wacc fvfetuiccy mcgd tjf kgegcatj ae tjf cged rue. @uraed fedaef gpfritage, pirt gn tjf gac sfrvaed is i cuoramiet ngr tjf pastge as mgkoustf` (–mgesukf`‛). Pjf prg`umts gn mgkoustage ie` tjf jadj tfkpfriturfs mgkoaef` cfi` tg –wfir‛, pirtamucircy gn tjf mjfkamic gac i``atavfs. Ngr tjas rfisge tjf gac kust of mjiedf` it mfrtiae aetfrvics.
46
=62 :20 ==29.9?2?
> 4
Nufc ie` gac rfmgkkfe`itages @afsfc nufc
Jy`riucam gac
Cuoramitaed drfisf
Vsf gecy `afsfc nufc imm. tg FE 612 watj i mftief eukofr egt cgwfr tjie 06 ie` i sucpjur mgetfet egt fxmff`aed 2.= %. An i `afsfc nufc watj i sucpjur mgetfet fxm ff`aed 2.= % as usf`,
_fmgkkfe`itage ngr egrkic `uty8
Cae`f jfivy `uty drfisf watj watj FR ie` KG] ? i``atavfs.
Jy`riucam gac A]G C JK >: tg A]G >40= - 0 gr JCR A]G ^D >: tg @AE 696?0, P.? (nimtgry naccaed), ivfridf mgetaeugus gac
@fsadeitage imm. tg @AE 69:?6-LRN ?E-?2 (sff tjf Rirts Miticgduf ngr tjf gr`fr eukofr).
tfkpfriturf >2 ²M - :2 ²M.
Iey kaxaed watj drfisf typfs gtjfr tjie catjauk oisf drfisfs as egt iccgwf`.
tjf fedaef sfrvamf aetfrvics kust of jicvf`. EGPF Is tjf ikoafet tfkpfriturf `fmrfisfs, sg `gfs tjf –ncgw prgpfrty‛ gn `afsfc nufc `uf tg tjf prfmapatitage gn pirinnae. Pjas mie cfi` tg kicnuemtages wjfe naccaed –sukkfr‛ `afsfc nufc. Ngr tjas rfisge, –waetfr‛ `afsfc nufc tjit as mgc`-rfsastiet `gwe tg tfkpfriturfs gn -?? ²M - `fpfe`aed upge tjf orie` - as iviaciocf ae tjf mgc` sfisge.
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Jy`riucam gac rfmgkkfe`itage ngr jfivy `uty8 Jy`riucam gac A]G - C - JK 922 tg A]G >40= - 0 gr JCR A]G ^D 922 922 tg @AE 696?0 P.? ngr jfivy `uty ie` kucta-sjant gpfritage, gpfritage ae fxtrfkf mcakitf zgefs gr jadj ikoafet tfkpfriturfs, ivfridf mgetaeugus gac tfkpfriturf gvfr :2 ²M. Ngr egrkic ie` jfivy `uty8
Mggciet Gecy usf pjgspjitf-nrff mggciets ge i kgegftjycfef dcymgc oisf ie` mgetiaeaed i rust aejaoatgr. @g egt kax watj ietanrffzf mgetiaeaed ftjiegcikaef.
Ae waetfr, nacc gecy waetfr `afsfc nufc tg prfvfet iey mcgddaed miusf` oy pirinnae prfmapatitage. It vfry cgw tfkpfriturfs ygu kust rfmlge watj `asturoaed prfmapatitages fvfe an waetfr `afsfc nufc as usf`. Rcfisf narst mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Jy`riucam gac A]G - C - J^ >: tg A]G >40= - 0 gr J^CR A]G ^D >: tg @AE 696?0 P.= (kuctadri`f gac).
Pfkpfriturf -?6 ²M -=2 ²M -=6 ²M
EGPF Pjf mjgamf gn tjf mgrrfmt gac as `ftfrkaef` oy tjf gac tfkpfriturf ae tjf jy`rgstitam trivfc `ravf.
Oittfry drfisf
MIVPAGE Ngr tjf usf gn vfdftiocf `afsf c nufc (^KF imm. tg @AE 69>2> / prfcakaeiry egrk) sgkf akpgrtiet atfks jivf tg of gosfrvf`. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Pjf iogvf-kfetagef` rfmgkkfe`itages irf gecy ipprgxakitf vicufs.
Oag jy`riucam gac Oagcgdamiccy nist-`fdri`iocf prfssurf ncua` Iric Ngrofx ]F 0> IPPFEPAGE @g egt kax oag-gacs watj kaefric gacs. Gtjfr ncua`s nrgk gtjfr kieunimturfs mieegt of rfmgkkfe`f`. EGPF An ae `guot, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. _fmgkkfe`itages gn rfprfsfetitavfs gn tjf gac ae`ustry sjguc` icsg of mjfmlf` watj ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Gecy tjf iogvf-kfetagef` gacs irf ipprgvf` oy tjf kieunimturfr. An gtjfr jy`riucam gacs irf usf` gr kaxf`, mgstcy `ikidf mie rfsuct.
Mggciet 02 % 06 % 62 %
Rgtiocf witfr >2 % 66 % 62 %
Ege-ima`am drfisf (tfrkaeic drfisf).
Mjiae spriy Cae`f mjiae spriy (sff tjf Rirts Miticgduf ngr tjf gr`fr eukofr).
44
Prguocfsjggtaed Prguo cfsjggtaed dua`f (@afsfc fedaef) Prguocf
Rgssaocf Miusf
Mgrrfmtage
]ff Ridf
Fedaef wacc egt stirt
Nufc tiel fkpty.
_fnacc tjf tiel.
?2
Nufc nactfr mcgddf`, ae waetfr oy pirinnae `fpgsats.
_fefw tjf nactfr, usf waetfr nufc.
>>, 46
Titfr ae nufc systfk witfr prfsfpiritgr.
@riae tjf nufc nactfr.
60
Nufc sgcfega` niacs tg gpfe.
Mjfml ngr fcfmtram murrfet watj tfst cikp. An tjfrf as eg murrfet, mjfml nusf ie` swatmj.
Nufc caef cfilaed.
Mjfml icc papf mgeefmtages ngr cfils ie` tadjtfe nattaeds.
Mjirdaed ae`amitgr cadjt egt accukaeitf` ictjgudj cikp as gliy.
Padjtfe mgeefmtaed mcikps it oittfry, mjfml miocf mgeefmtages .
Rrfjfitaed systfk `fnfmtavf.
Mjfml tjf pgwfr suppcy. Mjfml tjf miocfs ie` mgeefmtages it tjf prfjfit/stirtaed swatmj. An tjf niuct mie egt of rfkf`af`, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Nufc pukp `fnfmtavf. Aehfmtage egzzcfs `fnfmtavf. Aehfmtage pukp `fnfmtavf. Fedaef a`caed spff` aemgrrfmt.
Pjfsf niucts sjguc` icwiys of mjfmlf` ie` mgr rfmtf` oy slaccf` stinn. Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
IPPFEPAGE An tjf CJM wireaed cadjts irf ncisjaed, tjf niucts mie of `ftfrkaef` oy ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr watj tjf `aidegstam ueat.
Fedaef Fedaef s stirt tirtaed aed p pfrn frngrk grkiemf iemf as pggr
Ouzzfr ouzzfs ie` tjf niuct wireaed cikp ocaels intfr swatmjaed ge tjf adeatage swatmj
66
Oittfr Oittfry y pg pgwfr wfr as tgg tgg ccgw. gw. Oittfr Oittfry y tf tfrka rkaeics eics cggsf gr gxa`azf`, miusaed tjf stirtfr tg ture gecy scgwcy.
Mjfml oittfry, mcfie oittfry tfrkaeics, tadjtfe mcikps ie` mgvfr watj ege-ima`am drfisf.
66
Nufc suppcy aesunnamafet. _fstramtage gr iar ae nufc systfk `uf tg pirinnae `fpgsats ae waetfr.
_fefw tjf nufc nactfr. Mjfml tjf nufc caef mgeefmtages ngr cfils ie` tadjtfe nattaeds. Vsf waetfr nufc ae tjf mgc` sfisge.
>>
Rirtamucircy ae waetfr8 Fedaef gac vasmgsaty tgg jadj.
Vsf fedaef gac ipprgpraitf ngr tjf ikoafet tfkpfriturf.
4=
Niuct fxast ae tjf swatmj cadjtaed gn tjf stirt gr fkfrdfemy GNN, wjfe eg accukaeitage ngr tjf sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk fxast
Mgeumtaed i cikp tfst ]watmj ge tjf adeatage swatmj. Ogtj wireaed cikps accukaeitf 9x sjgrt, an tjas as egt tjf misf, rfpcimf tjf wireaed cikps. (_fdfefritage as pgssaocf, intfr tjf cikp niuct jis offe mgrrfmtf`, oy prfssaed tjf niuct wireaed outtge tg imlegwcf`df)
?0, 6=
Niuct ae sggt pirtamucitf nactfr systfk
Rcfisf mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
46
4:
Prguocfsjggtaed dua`f (@afsfc fedaef)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Prguocf
Rgssaocf Miusf
Mgrrfmtage
]ff Ridf
Fedaef rueeaed uefvfecy watj pggr pfrngrkiemf
Nufc suppcy aesunnamafet. _fstramtage gr iar ae nufc systfk `uf tg pirinnae
_fefw tjf nufc nactfr. Mjfml tjf nufc caef mgeefmtages ngr cfils ie` tadjtfe nattaeds.
>>
`fpgsats ae waetfr.
Vsf waetfr nufc ae tjf mgc` sfisge.
40
Aehfmtage pukp gvfrncgw vicvf egt nuemtageaed mgrrfmtcy.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Aehfmtage egzzcfs `fnfxtavf. Fedaef gac cfvfc tgg jadj.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. @riae gac tg tjf tgp kirl ge tjf `apstaml.
Fx Fxmf mfssa ssavf vf fxj fxjius iustt skg skglf lf
Rg Rggr gr mgk mgkprf prfssa ssage ge `uf `uf tg tg oure ouref` f`-ae -ae gr orglfe orglfe paspastge raeds gr aemgrrfmt vicvf mcfiriemfs.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
A`cf rueeaed trguocf
Nufc systfk egt ae gr`fr.
@riae witfr prfsfpiritgr ie` rfefw, an rfquarf`. Mjfml nufc caefs ie` aehfmtage caefs ngr cfils.
]pff` sfttaed aemgrrfmt.
]jguc` gecy of i`hustf` oy slaccf` stinn. Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr ngr tjas sfrvamf.
Nufc jgsf oftwffe aehfmtage pukp ie` nufc nactfr cggsf.
Mjfml mgeefmtages ngr tadjtefss, rfefw jgsf an efmfssiry.
Mggciet cfvfc cgw.
Mjfml mggcaed systfk ngr cfils, sfic an efmfssiry. I`` mggciet.
6? ?9
Nie kgtgr nusf ocgwe.
_fefw tjf nusf.
=6
Titfr pukp `ravfofct cggsf gr orglfe.
Padjtfe gr rfefw ^-ofct.
>2, 42
_i`aitgr naes rfstramtf` `uf tg `art gr ngrfade gohfmts.
Mcfie tjf ri`aitgr.
>?
Aehfmtage systfk sfttaed aemgrrfmt.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
IPPFEPAGE Fedaef gac prfssurf tgg cgw. ]tgp tjf fedaef akkf`aitfcy.
Cfils ae tjf cuoramitaed systfk.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Gac cfvfc tgg cgw.
I`` fedaef gac.
61
Mjirdaed ae`amitgr cadjt accuka-
Ictfreitgr _RK tgg cgw.
Mjfml ^-ofct tfesage.
>2
IPPFEPAGE Fedaef gvfrjfitaed, rf` wireaed cadjt ae mgkpgsatf aestrukfet accukaeitf`. ]tgp tjf fedaef akkf`aitfcy.
6:
60, >>
eitf` `uraed gpfritage Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Ictfreitgr egt mjirdaed tjf oittfry ofmiusf ictfreitgr gr rfciy `fnfmtavf.
41
Prguocfsjggtaed Prguo cfsjggtaed dua`f (jy`riucam systfk) Prguocf
Rgssaocf Miusf
Mgrrfmtage
]ff Ridf
Ioegrkic e eg gasf
]umtage nactfr rfstramtf`. ]umtage jgsfs cfilaed, gac ngikaed.
_fefw tjf nactfr. Padjtfe caefs. Mjfml gac cfvfc, tgp up an efmfssiry. Jivf jy`riucam ueat aespfmtf` oy ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Mjiedf gac, of surf tg usf tjf mgrrfmt vasmgsaty.
>4 64, >>
Jy`riucam pukp gr kgtgr niacurf, sfics `fnfmtavf, miusaed iar aetilf. Aemgrrfmt gac vasmgsaty, cgw gac cfvfc ae tiel gr ae jy`riucam pukp. Eg gr tgg cgw prfssurf ae systfk
Gac prfssurf ncumtuitaed
Eg gr cgw gac ncgw
Jy`riucam gac tfkpfriturf tgg jadj
Rukp sumtage `fnfmtavf, egasf. Rukp niacurf, cfilidfs, prfssurf vicvfs `g egt mcgsf, vicvf sfit `ikidf`. Rapf orglfe gr cfily. Gac gn cgw vasmgsaty, miusaed jadj cfilidf cgssfs. Gac tfkpfriturf wireaed cikp accukaeitf`.
49, 46
Pgp up gac.
Mjiedf gac, tgp up gac. Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
49, 46
_fpcimf gr tadjtfe papf. Mjiedf gac, ofaed surf tg usf gac gn mgrrfmt vasmgsaty. Mjfml gac cfvfc, mcfie gac mggcfr.
>> 49, 46 64, >?
Miusf is ue`fr ioegrkic egasf. Rrfssurf-rfcafn vicvfs gr oggst prfssurf vicvfs stamlaed. Cant ie` tact mycae`frs jivf tadjt spgts. Kist `gfs egt fxtfe` mgkpcftfcy gr `rgps scadjtcy intfr fxtfesage.
]ff ioegrkic egasf. Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Nactfr rfstramtf` (an immgkpieaf` oy egasf). Rukp niacurf, cfilidfs, prfssurf vicvfs `g egt mcgsf, vicvf sfit `ikidf`. Rapf orglfe gr cfily. ^icvfs rfstramtf`. Jy`riucam systfk gvfrjfitaed.
Mcfie gr rfpcimf nactfr. Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
>4
_fpcimf gr tadjtfe papf. Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Mjfml gac cfvfc, usf spfmanaf` gac, an efmfssiry< mcfie gac mggcfr.
>>
Rukp `ikidf`, vicvfs cfily. Gac cfvfc ae tiel tgg cgw gr gac mggcfr rfstramtf`.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Mjfml gac cfvfc, an efmfssiry tgp up gac. Mcfie mggcfr ie` mjfml ngr cfils. An `fnfmtavf, mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr.
Mgetimt ygur iutjgrasf` `ficfr. Pgp up jy`riucam gac. Ocff` tjf mycae`fr.
64
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
64, >?, 46
6?, 64
:2
Taraed `aidrik
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
I9 1 I?
Rrfjfit takf rfciy Nie mgetrgccfr
_9 _?
9 O9 9 O? O?
Imtuic spff` trieskattfr Immf mmf cf cf ri ri tg tg r ` gu gu oc oc f p gt gt f fe e tata gk gk ft ft fr fr
1 _ 9 / ? /= 1_0
Dcgw pcuds 9?2 T P fk fk pf pf ri ri tu tu rf rf t ri ri esk eskaa tttt fr fr n g grr i ut ut g gk k it it aam m p rf rf jf jf it it aed = T _ f sa st g r Nie rfsastgr
9O 92
Rrfssurf sf sfesgr
N9 N? N= N0 N6 N: 9 N9 4 9N9: 1N9>
Nusf 62 I KPI Nusf 6 I Nusf 6 I Nusf 96 I Nusf 92 I Nusf 62 I KPI Nusf 9 I Nusf 96 I Nusf =2 I KPI
D9 D?
Ictfreitgr watj rfducitgr >>2 T Oittfry :: Ij
]9 ]? ]= ]0 ]6 ]> ]9 90 0 9 ]6 9]?6 9]?6 0 ]: 1 ]9 ]9 4
Adeatage swatmj Mggciet tfkpfriturf swatmj Gac tf tfkpfriturf sw swatmj Gac prfssurf swatmj ]umtage nanactfr v vi imuuk swatmj Nufc cfvfc wireaed cadjt swatmj O rri i lf lf pf pf `i `i c swa swa tmj tmj ? (st (sti i rt rt aae e ja ja o oaa ttg g r) r) Orilf pf`ic swatmj 9 @a @arf rfmt mtag agei eicc swa swatm tmj, j, saed saedcf cf-p -pf` f`ic ic kg`f kg`fcc Jgre outtge P fk fk pf pf ri ri tu tu rf rf sw sw aatt mj mj (: (: 6 6// 1 1= = ²M )
^9/^= 1^9/ 1^9/?/ ?/= =
@fmgupcaed `a `ag`fs @f @fmg mgup upca caed ed `ag` `ag`fs fs
Z9 Z? Z= 9 Z9 2 9 Z? 2 9 Z? 9 9 Z? = > Z> 1 Z6
Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr, Mgeefmtgr,
9 Q9 Q9 9 Q? 9 Q= 9 Q0 9 Q6
]p pf f f` f` g pf pf ri ri tata ed ed k id id ef ef tt,, o ut ut ttf f rn rn ccy y ]gcfega` vicvf y, ngrwir` ]gcfega` vicvf x, rfvfrsf _fcfisf vicvf Nufc sjutgnn sgcfega`
J9 J? J= J0 J6 J> J9 9? ? J9 9= = J?0 J?6 J? ?> > 0J4
Oi ttttfr y m ji jird ae aed ae` am amitgr cikp ? T Ki cncnu emt emtaa ge ge a e f cf cf mt mt rg rg ea ea m mge mge tr tr g gcc cf cf r 9 .? .? T Mggci et et tf tfkpfr i itturf wi wir ea eaed ci cikp 9. 9.? T Jy y` ` ri ri uc uc am am g acac t fk fk pf pf ri ri tu tu rrf f wi irr e eaa ed ed c ik ik p 9 .? .? T Fe da daef gac p rf rfs su sur f wire ae aed c ik ikp 9.? T ]umtage nactfr wireaed cikp 9.? T @ar f fm mtage ic ic aae e `a `amitgr cci i kp kp 9. 9.? T Nufc ccf fvfc wi wireaed ci cikp 9. 9.? T Mggcaed nie 9.? T Rrfjfitaed 9.? T ]g gt gt nactfr wir e eaaed cikp 9.? T Jgre >2 T
L? L= 9 L9 L9 1 L9 / ? / = 1 L0
]tirtfr rfciy Iuxacairy rfciy tfrkaeic 96 _f fcc i iy y tf rk rka ei ei c = 2 a e C J JM M f cf cf mt mt rg rg ea ea ms ms _fc iy Iuxacairy rfciy
K9 1K 6
]tirtfr 9.4 lT ^fetacitgr =?0 T
9 E? E?
Fcf mt mtrg ea eam tr i iv vf c mg et etrgc CJM
9> wiy = wiy 9 wiy = wi wiy = wi wiy > wi wiy > wi wiy 0 wiy ? wiy
(A)
Nie mgetrgccfr
(AA)
Fcfmtrgjy`riucam ttrruml mg mgetrgc
(i)
]ggt nactfr
(o)
Marmuat `aidrik ngr g gp ptages
9)
]tgp cadjt
?)
]pff` aemrfisf ngr gptage
=)
Ncisjaed rfvfrsaed sadeic
0)
]tfi`y rfvfrsaed sadeic
6)
]fit swatmj mcgsf
>)
]fit swatmj gpfe
(m)
Fem g` g`f` p ccu ud ngr twg -p -pf` ic ic sf es esaed
( `) `)
@ aarr fmt fmtaa g ge e ic ic swa swa ttmj mj,, sa sae e dc dc f f-- pf pf `i `i c k g` g` fc fc *
(f)
A]G aetfrnimf
Mgcgur mg`f OV OE QF DE DQ _@ OL TJ ^P GD
oc uf orgwe yf c c g w drffe drfy rf` ociml wjatf vagcft gried f
Pjf eukofr ofngrf tjf miocf mgcgur spfmanafs tjf miocf
`aikftfr. R9 > R=
Jgur kftfr Mgkpgsatf aestrukfet
Miocfs watjgut spfmanamitage gn `aikftfr ; 2.46 kk¿ * Gptage :9
Taraed `aidrik
Aengrkitage
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
:?
Taraed `aidrik
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Aengrkitage
:=
Taraed `aidrik (gptages) 6F? 6F= 6F0 6F6 6F> 6F4 6F: 1F?9 1F?9-? -?> >
@appf` jfi`cadjt, cfnt 66 T @appf` jf jfi`cadjt, raradjt 66 T Cfnt s aa` `f ki kir l lf fr ccaadj t,t, nr nr g ge et 6 T _adj t sa`f ki kir l lf fr ccaadjt, nr nrge t 6 T Cfnt s aa` `f kirl fr fr ccaadjt, rf ir ir 9 2 T _adj t s aa` `f ki kirl fr fr ccaadjt, rf rfir 9 92 2 T Eukofr pcitf cadjt 6 T Tgrl Tgrlae aed d ca cadj djts ts 6 66 6T
0 ]9 ]96 6]99 6 ]9 ]9? 6]9= 1 ]9 ]9 1]? 1]92 1 ]9 ]9 9
_fv gc gcva ed ed cadjt swa tm tm j Cadjt swatmj Jiz ir ir` w wi ire ae aed cacad jt jt s sw wa tm tm j Pure sa sadeic sw swatmj ]w aattm j, j, nr g ge et w g grrl ae aed cadjts ]watmj, rfir wgrlaed cadjt ]fit swatmj ]w aatt mj mj sp sp ff ff ` a emr emrf f isf isf n gr gr gp gp tata ge ge
6N6 6N> 6N4 6N: 6N1 6N92 1N99 1N9?
Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf
6Z9 6Z? 6Z= 1Z4 1Z: 1Z92
Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr
(A)
Tgrlaed cadjts
1N9=
Nusf 96 I
0J90 6J : 6J 1 6 J9 J9 2 6 J9 J9 9 6J9 : 6J9 1 1J9 > 1J9 4
_fvgcvaed cadjt 66 T Pur e sade ic ic ccaadjt, nr nrget cf cfnt ?9 ?9 T Pur e sadei c c aad djt, r f fi ir ccf fnt ?9 ?9 T Pu re re sa sa de de ic ic caca d dj j t,t, nr nr g ge e t r ad ad jt jt ?9 ?9 T Pu re re sa sa de de ic ic caca d dj j t,t, nr nr g ge e t c fn fnt ?9 ?9 T ]w aattmj acacc uk ukae it itage 9. 9.? T ]w aattmj acacc uk ukae it itage 9. 9.? T ]w aattmj acacc uk ukae it itage 9. 9.? T ]w aattmj acacc uk ukae it itage 9. 9.? T
(AA) (AAA)
C a dj t a e d P ur ur e sad sad ei ei c i e` e` j izi izirr ` nc isj isjf f r syst systf fk
(A^)
_fvgcvaed cadjt
*)
6Z? 6Z? eg egtt usf` usf` aann ca cadjt djtaed aed as j jadj adjfr fr
(^)
]tgp cadjt
**)
(^A)
Ncisjaed rfvfrsaed sadeic
An ttgtic gtic cgi` cgi` 5 942 T8 T8 usf i ?2 I nu nusf sf Kix. Kix. tgt tgtic ic pgwfr8 ?22 T
(^AA)
]tfi`y rf rfvfrsaed sa sadeic
6L9 6L92 6L92
Ncisjfr ueat _f _fci ciy y ng ngrr VR VRI‑ I‑s s (m (mus ustg tgkf kfrr spfm spfman anam am))
92 I 92 I 6I 6I 96 I 96 I 96 I 96 I
:0
Taraed `aidrik (gptages)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
: > = > > >
wiy wiy wiy wiy wiy wiy
(^AAA)
]fit swatmj
(AZ)
]pff` aemrfisf ngr gptage
(i i))
Tar ae aed `a `aidr i ik k ngr s stte`ir ` fqua p pk kfe t
Mgcgur mg`f OV OE QF DE DQ _@ OL TJ ^P GD
ocuf orgwe yfccgw drffe drfy rf` ociml wjatf vagcft griedf
Pjf eukofr ofngrf tjf miocf mgcgur spfmanafs tjf miocf `aikftfr. Miocfs watjgut spfmanamitage gn `aikftfr ; 2.46 kk¿, orglfe caefs ae waraed `aidrik irf icsg prfsfet ae oisam fquapkfet `aidrik.
***) Cgi` `fpf `fpfe`aed e`aed ge ippcamita ippcamitage8 ge8 fd stgp cadjt, cadjt, rfvfrsaed rfvfrsaed cadjt, rgtitaed ofimge ngr rfvfrsaed
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
:6
Taraed `aidrik (gptages) 4I9 4I?
Mgetrgccfr Im tu i tg r
(A)
Tae`smrffe wapfr, nrget
(AA)
Tae`smrffe wa wapfr, rfir
4O9
Ciko`i prgof****
(i i))
1N0, 1N6 ae ae nus f str ap ap AAA, m iv iv ataty 6 + >
(AAA)
Ciko`i mgetrgc****
(o o))
A de de atat ag ag e mga mga c P 98 98 9, 9, w waa rraa ed ed `a `a id id ri ri k ng r st sti i e` e` ir ir ` fquapkfet****
( m) m)
1 N9 N9 >8 >89 ((ttf rk rk ae ae ic ic = =2 2 ) w arar ae ae d ` ai ai dr dr ik ik nng g r st sti i e` e` ir ir ` fquapkfet****
4N9 4N? 1N0 1N6
Nusf Nusf Nusf Nusf
6I 9I 92 I 92 I
0J? = 1J= 1J0
]w aattmj acacc uk ukae it itage 9. 9.? T ]watmj accukaeitage 9.? T ]watmj accukaeitage 9.? T
1L6 1L>
_fci y, y, nr g ge et wae`s mr mr f ff fe wapf r _fci y, y, r f fi ir wae`s mr mr f ff fe wapfr
1K K? 9 1
Taap pf frr, k T rfgitg r r, nrget
4]9 1]= 1]0
^imuuk swatmj ]watmj, nrget wapfr ]watmj, rfir wapfr
4Z9 4Z? 4Z0 4Z6 1Z9 1Z?
Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr @aidegstam Mgeefmtgr Mgeefmtgr
? wiy ? wiy ? wiy mgeefmtgr > wiy > wiy = wiy
Mgcgur mg`f OV OE QF DE DQ _@ OL TJ ^P GD
ocuf orgwe yfccgw drffe drfy rf` ociml wjatf vagcft griedf
Pjf eukofr ofngrf tjf miocf mgcgur spfmanafs tjf miocf `aikftfr. Miocfs watjgut spfmanamitage gn `aikftfr ; 2.46 kk¿, orglfe caefs ae waraed `aidrik irf icsg prfsfet ae oisam fquapkfet `aidrik.
**** Egt usf` ge trumls watj i `afsfc fedaef :>
Taraed `aidrik (gptages)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
:4
Taraed `aidrik (gptages) 4I9
]g ]ggt gt nnac actf tfrr mg mget etrg rgcc ue ueat at
(A)
]ggt nactfr s sy y st stfk
4O9 4 O? O?
Ouzzfr P jf jf rk rk gg- f fcc f fk k fe fe t
(i)
Pg ic ictfreitgr
(o o))
P g a de de atat ag ag e swa swa tmj tmj
N9 N= 4 N9 N9 6 4N9> 4N9> 4N94 4N94 1N9= 1N9= 1N90 1N90
Nusf Nusf K KPI PI ((st stie ie`i `ir` r` fqu fquap apkf kfet et)) Nusf Nusf (sti (stie` e`ir ir` ` fqu fquap apkf kfet et)) N usf usf 6 I Nusf Nusf =2 I Nusf Nusf ?2 I Nusf Nusf 96 I Nusf Nusf 92 I
( m) m)
P g o ri ri lf lf pf pf `i `i c swa swa tmj tmj
(`)
Pg st stirtfr
(f)
A]G ae aetfrnimf
(AA)
Jfitfr
J?> 0J90 0J96 4J??
Ae Ae`a `amt mtgr gr cadj cadjtt _fvgcvae _fvgcvaed d cadj cadjtt Ncisjae Ncisjaed d cad cadjt jt Tireaed Tireaed cikp rfdfefri rfdfefritag tage e
(AAA (AAA))
_gtita _gtitaed/ ed/ncis ncisjae jaed d cadj cadjtt mgee mgeefmtf fmtf` ` tg lfy sw swatm atmj j
4J?= Niuct wireaed cikp rfdfefritage rfdfefritage L? 4L1 4L1
]tirtaed rf rfciy Dc Dcgw gw pcud pcud rf rfci ciy y
4K 9 4K6 4K6 1 K> K>
Ni e Kftf Kftfra raed ed pukp pukp Jf fi i tf tf r n i ie e
4_?
Dcgw pc pcud
4]9> 4]9> ]tirta ]tirtaed ed swat swatmj mj 4]94 4]94 Fkfrdfe Fkfrdfemy my gn gnnn swa swatmj tmj
Mgcgur mg`f OV OE QF DE _@ OL TJ ^A
o cu f orgwe yfccgw drffe rf` ociml wjatf vagcft
Miocfs watjgut spfmanamitage gn `aikftfr ; 2.46 kk? 4^9 4^9
Nrff Nrff wj wjff ffcc ` `ag ag`f `f
Z= Z= Z=.9 .9 0Z9 0Z9 >Z: >Z: 4Z? 4Z? 4Z0 4Z0 4Z: 4Z: 4Z1 4Z1 4Z92
Mg ge eefm tg tgr, 9 Mgeef Mgeefmt mtgr, gr, 9 Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, ? Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, 0 Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, 0 Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, ? Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, 9 Mg Mgee eefm fmtg tgr, r, > Mgeefmt Mgeefmtgr, gr, >
4 Q9 Q9
Mu utt -g -g nnnn vi vicc vf vf
wiy wiy wiy wi wiy y wi wiy y wi wiy y wi wiy y wi wiy y wi wiy y wiy wiy
::
Taraed `aidrik (gptages)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
Pjf eukofr ofngrf tjf miocf mgcgur mgrrfspge`s tg tjf miocf mrgss sfmtage.
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
:1
Taraed `aidrik (gptages) N6
Nusf
1L99 Mgesukf Mgesukfrr mut-gnn mut-gnn rfc rfciy iy 9E?
(A)) (A
Fe Feda daef ef i ie` e` ccgi gi` ` mu mut-g t-gut ut int intfr fr 2.6 2.6 tg tg 6. 6.2 2 ka kae. e.
(i)
Pg wara waraed ed ` `ai aidri drik k ng ngrr ste ste`i `ir` r` fq fquap uapkf kfet et
Fcfmtrg Fcfmtrgeam eam trivfc trivfc mgetrgc mgetrgc CJM
1]92 1]92 ]f ]fit it swat swatmj mj 1Z?0 Mgeefmt Mgeefmtgr, gr, 9 wiy wiy 1Z?4 Mgeefmt Mgeefmtgr, gr, = wiy wiy 9Q6 9Q6
Nufc Nufc s sju jutt-gn gnnn vi vicv cvf f
Mgcgur mg`f OV OE QF DE _@ OL TJ ^A
o cu f orgwe yf c c g w drf fe rf` o ci m l w j at f vagcft
Miocfs watjgut spfmanamitage gn `aikftfr ; 2.46 kk? Pjf eukofr ofngrf tjf miocf mgcgur mgrrfspge`s tg tjf miocf mrgss sfmtage.
12
Taraed `aidrik (gptages)
? 2 ? 9 . 9 2 = = 0 2 : 2 6 =
= 6 2 : 2 0 = = 2 9 . 9 ? 2 ?
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