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BAULC^A @¸ 3 BAULWJCKFÛ@ NG XUAVGK^A [AKFCJ ECOA GJ G@BASWG NG LCUKA JÛDFKA ^ìtuja ngj praygkta Ugspa`scejg (s) G-lcfj ^glãtfkc Xraygktas [akfcjgs FF

Ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs g` jas cnajgskg`tgs ngj lu`fkfpfa ng sc` A`abrg- [ukrg  Jf`c Xctgr`f`c Wrc`da  Jf`cpctgr`f`cQ86Hdlcfj.kal  [ustc`kfcs Cjukf`ûdg`cs. 3. FNG@^FBFKCKFÛ@ NGJ XUAEJGLC A @GKG[FNCN .

3.3. Ka`trfeukfû` c jas pjc`gs ng ngscrrajja c `fvgj `ckfa`cj, ngpcrtclg`tcj a lu`fkfpcj y c 3.3. jc pajìtfkc pÿejfkc Gj Xjc` ng ngscrrajja vc g`kclf`cna cj Ug`ckgr ng [c` A`abrg, ka`trfeuyg`na c jas pjc`gs ng ngscrrajja c `fvgj tc`tc `ckfa`cj, ngpcrtclg`tcj y lu`fkfpcj. Gs par gstc rczû`, qug g` gstg pjc` ng ngscrrajja sg gvfng`kfc  par lgnfa ngj kalpa`g`tg gstrctædfka gj trctcna y jc f`tgrvg`kfû` sakfcj ngj praejglc

ng `ugstrc f`vgstfdckfû`. G` gj kucj sg lc`fbfgstc bartcjgkgr gj ngscrrajja f`tgdrcj ng jas `fóas, `fócsscjun, y cnajgskg`tgs, prapfkfc`na gspckfas f`tgdrckfû`dg`grc`na qug ka`trfeuyc` ka`strukkfû` ng jc  pcz, y gj efg`gstcr sakfcj ng jas [c`ngA`abrf`as, tclefæ`c jc g`tar`as pratgktargs  pcrc jc prflgrc f`bc`kfc. Gj ngpartg gs u` f`strulg`ta ng barlckfû` gnukctfvc qug bckfjftc jc cnapkfû` ng vcjargs, nfskfpjf`c y utfjfzckfû` cngkucnc ngj tfglpa jferg g` jas `fóas, `fócs y cnajgskg`tgs, cpartc`na ng barlc prgvg`tfvc g` jc nfslf`ukfû` ngj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs  psfkacktfvcs, cpayc gj gspcrkflfg`ta y jc f`tgdrckfû` sakfcj ka` gqufncn gq ufncn ng jc paejckfû`. Gs prfarfncn pcrc jc cnlf`fstrckfû` lu`fkfpcj, pralavgr gj ckkgsa c jas Ngrgkmas Mulc`as Bu`nclg`tcjgs, cj dakg ngj ngpartg y cj gspcrkflfg`ta, f`krglg`tcr jas `fvgjgs ng kcjfncn g` jc barlckf barl ckfû` û` ngp ngpart artfvc fvc,, culg`t culg`tcr cr `fvgjg `fvgjgss ng kaeg kaegrtu rturc rc g` jas nfb nfbgrg` grg`tgs tgs pradrcl pradrclcs cs y drup drupas as  paejckfa`cjgs y cpaya c jadras ng cjta rg`nflfg`ta. G` ngbf`ftfvc, sg euskc jc pcrtfkfpckfû` y lavfjfzckfû` sakfcj c jas gskg`crfas ngpartfvas, lgoarc`na ka`nfkfa`gs ng f`brcgstrukturc y gstcejgkfg`na g`tar`as bcvarcejgs pcrc jc ka`strukkfû` ng jc pcz y rgka`kfjfckfû` sakfcj, ka` f`kjusfû` ng `gkgsfncngs y gxpgktctfvcs ng jc paejckfû` vìktflc ngj ka`bjfkta y ckkgsa ka` g`baqug nfbgrg`kfcj y ng dæ`gra.

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3.5 Ãreaj ng praejglcs 3

 

 

3.; Xraejglc kg`trcj Gj praejglc kg`trcj qug cecrkc gstc f`vgstfdckfû` gs ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs par   oûvg`gs ngj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abr A`abrg. g. Gs csì, kala talc`na g` kug`tc jc bckfjfncn qug gxfstg g` 5

 

jc sakfgncn pcrc jc aetg`kfû` y ka`sula ng nradc, jas gsbugrzas gnukctfvas gskajcrgs, bclfjfcrgs, kalu`ftcrfas, `ckfa`cjgs g f`tgr`ckfa`cjgs pcrc jc prgvg`kfû` ngj ka`sula ng nradcs, sg bûrlujc jc f`tg f`tgrr rradc adc`t `tgg sfduf sfdufg` g`tg tg?? ±NG SWÆ SWÆ LC LC@G @GUC UC JA[ JA[ XUAD XUADUC UCLC LC[ [ XU XUGR GRG@ G@^F ^FRA RA[ [ F@BJWVG@ G@ GJ KA@[WLA NG NUADC[ V XGULC@G@KFC G@ GJ LF[LA NG JA[ OARG@G[ KA@[WLFNAUG[ NGJ LW@FKFXFA NG [C@ A@ABUG- [WKUG G@ GJ CÓA 58531 G` gj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg f`fkfcjlg`tg gj praejglc ngj ka`sula ng nradcs, sg trctû kala u` ngjfta, u` mgkma qug sg cpcrtcec ng jc jgy y qug sg rgqugrìc u`c pg`cjfncn. Nfvgrscs f`stftukfa`gs, g` ja pastgrfar, bugra` ngskuerfg`na qug sg trctcec ng u`c ngbarlckfû` y ngdg`grckfû` ng jc  pgrsa`c, y par ja tc`ta, ng u`c g`bgrlgncn qug rgqugrìc rgqugr ìc trctclfg`ta. G` jc cktucjfncn, gj ka`sula ng nradcs sg ka`kfeg kala u` bg`ûlg`a ng`tra ngj ka`ou`ta sakfcj, qug tfg`g sus ecsgs g` jc barlckfû` f`tgdrcj ng jc pgrsa`c, y qug lgrgkg u`c prgvg`kfû` djaecj. Gstcs barlcs ng g`brg`tcr  gj praejglc, ‚gvftcr“, ‚f`barlcr“, ‚lgtgr lfgna“ y ‚rgprflfr“, mc` pugsta par kg`tra c jc nradc y `a c jc pgrsa`c. Ctckc` gj ka`sula ng jcs nradcs, pgra `a vc` c jc rcìz ngj praejglc. [a` lukmcs jcs mfstarfcs ng nradcnfktas g` gj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg-[ukrg qug sg pgrnfgra` g` jas sueurefas9 sueurefas9 Gspgkf Gspgkfcjlg` cjlg`tg tg oûvg`gs, qug sulgrdfn sulgrdfnas as g` jc cnfkkfû` may vfvg` g` jc kcjjg9 sa`  pgrsa`cs qug sg mc` pgrnfna tana9 trcecoa9 bclfjfc9 gnukckfû`9 pcrgocs y c pgscr pgs cr ng n g mcegr takcna ba`na,crlcncs `a jadrc` sg yg`kug`trc` ctrcpcnas9 jcs nradcs9 jc ngkg`tg lfsgrfc9 qug ng gscs  pfpcs ngscjfr, tcecka ng pcstc eãs eãsfkc, fkc, qug g` `a gj jgslu`na pgrlftgngrgkarncr rgkarn cr gsc ng vfnc u`c vgz tuvfgra`, pgra qug may ctrcpcnas g` gj vfkfa pcrgkg` vfvfr saja pcrc nradcrsg. Glprg`nfg`na u` vfcog jjg`a ng cjukf`ckfa`gs, euskc`na jas cìsjgs ngj lu`na rgcj na`ng gj najar, jcs pg`cs y jcs trfstgzcs `a tfg`g kcefnc. Jas cnajgskg`tgs qug sg vg` flpjfkcnas g` gj ka`sula ng nradcs sa` lcrdf`cnas a rgkmczcnas  par jas cnujtas y atras pcrgs, sfg`na ouzdcnas kala f`kcpckgs ng g`brg`tcr sus praejglcs, ngefna c qug gj ceusa g` gj ka`sula ng nradcs `a gs csulfna kala u`c g`bgrlgncn qug `gkgsftc trc trctcl tclfg` fg`ta ta læn lænfka fka pcrc pangr cbra`tc cbra`tcrr gj sì`nral sì`nralgg ng cestf`g cestf`g`kf `kfcc qug pravakc pravakc jc nradc nradc ka`sulfnc y cearncog psfkajûdfka pcrc cbra`tcr jc kcrdc glakfa`cj qug f`kg`tfvc cj ka`sula, sg`tflfg`tas ng kujpc, sajgncn, g flpatg`kfc g`trg atras.

3.>. Ngskrfpkfû` ng jc sftuckfû` gxfstg`tg ka` rgjckfû` cj praejglc Jc sftuckfû` sftuckfû` cktucj ng jas oûvg`g oûvg`gss ngj lu`fkfpfa lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg- [ukrg ka` rgspgkta cj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs gs kcnc vgz lãs prgakupc`tg, kcnc nìc mcy lãs `fóas y cnajgskg`tgs g` jcs kcjjgs pgrnfnas g` jc nradc sf` pangr g`ka`trcr jc scjfnc. Gs flpartc`tg rgka`akgr qug lfg`trcs lukmcs pgrsa`cs usc` nradcs g` cjdÿ` lalg`ta ngj kfkja vftcj y jcs cec`na`c` ng barlc` `cturcj, `cturcj, g` atrcs, gj ka`sula ng sustc` sustc`kfcs kfcs sg vugjvg pgrsfst pgrsfstg`tg g`tg y jadrc cbgktcr cbgktcr jc scjun, jcs rgjckfa`gs sakfcjgs y bclfjfcrgs. Jc nfbgrg`kfc g`trg u`as y atras f`nfvfnuas ngpg`ng ng vcrfas cspgktas g` gj ãlefta ng jc sustc`kfc, jc pgrsa`c y su ka`tgxta sakfcj. gj ka`sula ng nradcs fjìkftcs gstã krgkfg`na g` gj lu`fkfpfa `a saja parqug lãs pgrsa`cs jcs ka`sulg` sf`a parqug gj lgrkcna ng sustc`kfcs gs kcnc vgz lãs clpjfa y nfvgrsa.

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^g`fg`na g` kug`tc, jas c`ãjfsfs `ckfa`cjgs prgvfstas g` jas c`tgkgng`tgs tg`glas qug, g` gj cóa 583;, pgrfana ng c`ãjfsfs ngj prgsg`tg gstunfa, gj ka`sula ng lcrfmuc`c g` Kajalefc gstcec  pgrlftfna g` nasfs lì`flcs ng 55 drclas pcrc usa rgkrgctfva, cpraecna par jc Kartg Ka`stftukfa`cj. C pcrtfr ngj cóa 583=, rfdg gj Ngkrgta 3=>> ng 583=, par lgnfa ngj kucj sg  pg`cjfzc gj par partg tg ng nasfs lì`flc. G` Kajalefc tc`ta jc pranukkfû`, pr anukkfû`, gj trãbfka, jc nfstrfeukfû` y gj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs, mc` ka`stftufna u` lgrkcna ng jcrda cjkc`kg, vcrfcna, y ka` u`c kaegrturc `ckfa`cj ng cjta flpckta. Gj Aesgrvctarfa ng Nradcs ng Kajalefc (ANK) pa`g g` gvfng`kfc qug gj ka`sula ng nradcs gstã g` krgkflfg`ta g` gj pcìs, gsta ngefna c u` lcyar  ka`sula g` jc paejckfû`, pgra cnglãs c u`c lcyar abgrtc. Gs csì kala jc prgvcjg`kfc ng ka`sula ng lcrfmuc`c cjdu`c vgz g` jc vfnc pcsa ngj =,=% g` 588= cj 35,5% g` 583;, y jc  prgvcjg`kfc g` gj ÿjtfla cóa pcsa ngj 5,2% cj ;,2% g` gj 583;. Cj fducj qug g` gj rgsta ngj lu`na, g` Kajalefc jc lcrfmuc`c gs jc sustc`kfc ng lcyar ka`sula, sgdufnc ng jc kakcì`c, gj  eczuka y gj æxtcsfs. Xar gjja gj f`tgræs ng gstunfcr gj gbgkta ng gstc sustc`kfc, yc qug jcs kfbrcs gv gvfn fng` g`kf kfc` c` qug qug jc Lc Lcrf rfmu muc` c`cc gs jc su sust stc` c`kf kfcc lãs lãs ka ka`su `sulf lfnc nc y praec praecej ejgl glg` g`tg tg jc nradc nradc ka`sfngrcnc kala jc pugrtc ng g`trcnc c praejglcs ng ka`sula y cnfkkfû`. Jfjfc`c Xcajc Brc`ka, Lajf`c Ncrìa, Mgr`ã` Kcscjjcs, (5836) G` gstg kcsa ka`kjuflas qug egeglas tg`gr prgsg`tg qug g` gj lu`fkfpfa lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrgA`abrg- [ukrg. Mceftucjlg`tg sg ka`sfngrc qug tfg`g u` rc`da cjta ng oûvg`gs vuj`grcejgs qug vfvg` g` jc  paergzc y qug, cnglãs, sa` pgrsa`cs qug `a qug kug`tc` ka` `f sustrcecoc` pcnrgs saja a cjdufg` qug sg mcdc rgspa`scejgs c gjjas, sa` oûvg`gs a cnajgskg`tgs gstunfc` gstã` pg`nfg`tgs ng jc vfnc qug jjgvc` y par `a tg`gr cpaya saja g`kug`trc` jc lc`grc ng scjfr cngjc`tg par lgnfa ng jc nradc. G` gstg kcsa jc cjkcjnìc lu`fkfpcj ngeg pjc`tgcr gstrctgdfcs ngstf`cncs c erf`ncr rgkursas `gkgscrfas pcrc qug jas cnajgskg`tgs ngscrrajjg` jc kcpckfncn ng talcr ngkfsfa`gs y cktftungs csgrtfvcs g` rgjckfû` c tglcs flpartc`tgs g` su ngscrrajja pgrsa`cj y sakfcj.

3.7 Lcrka ka`tgxtucj Jakcjfzckfû`. 

Gj Lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg mckg pcrtg ng jc suergdfû` Kastgrc a Larrasqufjja ngj ngpcrtclg`ta ng [ukrg, gstã uefkcna g` jc pcrtg lãs sgptg`trfa`cj ngj ngpcrtclg`ta. [g g`kug`trc jakcjfzcna cj `art `a rtgg ngj ngpcrt ngpcrtcl clg` g`ta ta ng [u [ukr krgg ka ka`` 72 if ifjû jûlg lgtr tras as ng ka kast stcc br brg`t g`tgg cj lc lcrr kc kcrf rfeg eg y su suss kaarng`cncs dgadrãbfkcs sa`? 6¸=‖ cj `artg y 6¸;4‖ cj sur. Gj Lu Lu`f `fkf kfpf pfaa gs gstã tã nf nfst stc` c`tg tg 2= if ifjû jûlg lgtr tras as ng [f [f`k `kgj gjgo goa, a, kc kcpf pftc tcjj ng ngjj Ng Ngpc pcrt rtcl clg` g`ta ta.. 7.2.; Gxtg`sfû` tgrrftarfcj. [c` A`abrg kug`tc ka` jc lcyar gxtg`sfû` tgrrftarfcj ng`tra ng jc >

 

suergdfû` Kastgrc Cjuvfcj a Larrasqufjja ka` u` tatcj ng 3.385,>5 Il5, ja kucj gqufvcjg cj 38.;2% ka` rgjckfû` cj tatcj ngj ngpcrtclg`ta. Ka` rgspgkta c jas lu`fkfpfas lu`fkfpfas ngj Ngpcrtc Ngpcrtclg`ta lg`ta,, [c` A`abrg akupc gj tgrkgr judcr g` gxtg`s gxtg`sfû`. fû`. Gj Lu`fkfpfa kug`tc ka` nfbgrg`tgs tfpas ng rgjfgvg, ja kucj prgsg`tc cjdu`cs vg`tcocs pcrc jc gxpjatckfû` ng rgkursas, ng tcj barlc qug gxfstg` za`cs ng pcfscog gskcrpcna, za`c ng pg`nfg`tgs lgnfcs y za`c ng pjc`fkfgs.

Jìlftgs.  Jas jìlftgs dgadrãbfkas ngj lu`fkfpfa sa`?  @artg? Kcrtcdg`c y gj Lu`fkfpfa ng Croa`c, Ngpcrtclg`ta ng Eajìvcr  [ur? Ka` gj dajba ng Larrasqufjja, ^ajÿ, ^ajuvfgoa, Kajasû y Kmcjã` - [ukrg Gstg? Ka` Lcrìc jc Ecoc y gj Kcrlg` ng Eajìvcr, Ngpcrtclg`ta ng Eajìvcr. Agstg? Ka` gj Lcr Kcrfeg.    

Nfvfsfû` pajìtfka cnlf`fstrctfva [c` A`abr brgg ku kugg`tc ka` 55 karr rrggdf dfl lfg`tas as,, 5> kcsg sgrì rìaas, 34 vgrgn gnccs y u`c fsjc.

Karrgdflfg`tas? Cduckctg, Cducs @gdrcs, Ecrrc`kcs, Egrjì`, Egrrudcs, Eakckgrrcnc, Eug`as Cfrgs, Kgrra ng jcs Kcscs, Gj Xugejfta, Gj Kmfkma, Mfdugrû`, Jcecrkæs, Jfegrtcn, Xcjckfas, Xcjlfrc, Xcoa`cj, Xcoa`cjfta, Xcja Cjta, Xjc` pcrgoa, Uf`kû` ngj Lcr, [c` C`ta`fa, y [cec`cs ng Lukckcj. Kcsgrìas? Cjta ng oujfa, Cjdcrraecj, Crraya [gka, Crraya Crg`c, Eakc ng jas Nìcz, Ecjcustrg Eakc ng Lcrìc, Kalpcóìc, Kcóc Brìc, Kckfqug, Naóc C`c, Gj Sugra, Gj Ea`da, Jcs Mugrtcs, Jc Jalc, Jcs Erfscs, Xfócjfta, Xjctc`cj, Xaja @artg, Xcsc Karrfg`na, Xcvc Crrfec, Xfsfsì, [cec`gtfkc y Rfstc Mgrlasc. Rgrgncs? Eajfta, Kcpatg, Kcpatg, Kclpa Egjja, Kukcj, Kastc Ufkc Kcygka, Kmfkmflã`, Na` Ouc uc``, Gj Xgóû` û`,, Gj Ecofta, Jc Xgja` a`cc, Jas @g @gddras, Xftc Kcpckm kmaa, Xf Xfttc Kcpckma Fsjc? Eaqugrû`. Ngsng su bu`nckf bu`nckfû`, û`, jc cdrfku cdrfkujturc jturc y jc dc`cngrìc bugra` jcs prf`kfpcjgs prf`kfpcjgs cktfv cktfvfncngs fncngs gka`ûlfkcs gka`ûlfkcs ngscrrajjcncs g` jc rgdfû`. G` gj sfdja ]F], grc bclasc gstc za`c par jc pranukkfû` ng crraz. Gj  pugrta prf`kfpcj pcrc jc kalu`fkckfû` y gj kalgrkfa ka` jc kfuncn ng Kcrtcdg`c y nglãs n glãs pugejas rfegrgóas ka` qug ka`tcec [c` A`abrg ng ^araeæ, grc gj ng Egrrudcs g` kgrkc`ìc cj Dajba ng Larrasqufjja. Xcscra` jas cóas y g` 3=;6, [c` A`abrg bug grfdfna lu`fkfpfa gj ;3 ng oujfa ng 3=;6, ka` jcs cdrgdckfa`gs ng [c` C`ta`fa, Jcecrkæs, Jas Uc`kmas ng Ea`ftas, Kalfscrfa, [c`tc Kruz ng ^fduc y [c`tc Uftc ng C`dgjc. Xgrtg`gkfg`na cj may Ngpcrtclg`ta ng Eajìvcr, y qug jugda pcsû c sgr pcrtg ngj Ngpcrtclg`ta ng [ukrg ngspuæs ng su krgckfû` g` 3622. Kceg ngstckcr  jc jj jjgdc gdcnc nc ng jc jcss Mgr Mgrlc lc`c `css Brc Brc`k `kfs fskc` kc`cs cs Lf Lfsf sfa`g a`grc rcss ng Lc Lcrì rìcc Cu Cuxf xfjf jfcn cnarc arc cj lu lu`f `fkf kfpf pfaa trc`slftfg`na gj lg`scog ng jc Lcnrg Lcrìc Egr`crnc y ka`struyg`na gj ka`vg`ta [c`tc Kjcrc, gj 7

 

kucj,

gs

u`

kajgdfa

bu`ncna

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33

ng

cdasta

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36;5.

5. C@ÃJF[F[ NG F@RAJWKUCNA[ 5.3 Cktargs pcrtfkfpc`tgs g` gj praygkta Cktar (g`tfncn a drupa)

F`tgrgsgs

 Xcnrgs ng  Bclfjfc

Ugkursas

Xasfkfû` (? Kaapgrc`tg, Eg`gbfkfcrfa, Apa`g`tg)

 Ecoc cutagstflc, ecoa rg`nflfg`ta ckcnælfka,  F`stftukfa`gs gnukctfvcs gnukctfvcs vfsucjfzckfû`  y psfkûjadas yc qug qug gjjas ng atras  sgrã` jcs pgrsa`cs pgrsa`cs qug nradcnfktas cyuncrã` c jas qug f`kg`tfvc` cnajgskg`tgs c prgvg`fr  c ja lfsla, gj ka`sula ng

 G` gstg sg`tfna gj oavg`  sgrã eg`gbfkfcrfa, eg`gbfkfcrfa, pgra c jc vgz apa`g`tg, yc qug g` gj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg-[ukrg, lukmas cnajgskg`tgs qug ka`sulg` gstcs  sustc`kfcs sg g`kug`trc` g`kug`trc` g` u` gstcna g` gj kucj  `a qufgrg` scjfr, par ja

ngprgsfû`,  sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs psfkacktfvcs y ka`nuktc kajcearcr g` jc cnfktfvc,  pratgkkfû` ngj oavg` ka` ka` ka`bjfktas jc prgsfû` sakfcj, ngj   bclfjfcrgs, tglar cj butura. ctg`tcr ka`trc jc vfnc, ngsgrkfû`  bclfjfcr y ng vfnc  Ka`sula y ceusa Ardc`fzckfa`gs mceftucj ng kalu`ftcrfcs, kalu`ftcrfc s, FKEB,  sustc`kfcs lf`fstgrfa ng scjun y cnfktfvcs g` jc g`baqugs kalu`ftcrfas  Nfslf`ufr gj   bclfjfc, bcjtc qug cyung` pralavgr jc ka`sula ng ng f`fkfctfvc ng arfg`tckfû`  sustc`kfcs kalu`fkckfû`,  pcrc lgoarcrc jcs jcs  psfkacktfvcs g`  bcjtc ng kalpgtg`kfcs ng jcs jas oûvg`gs ngj   supgrvfsfû` ng  bclfjfcs y jc kalu`fncn  kalu`fncn  lu`fkfpfa, csì  jas pcnrgs, g` jc pralakfû` cj `a lfslas vgjcr par   bcjtc ng ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs gj kufncna ng jas f`tgræs saerg  psfkacktfvcs y cj vì`kuja vì`kuja  pcnrgs csì gjjas jcs  bclfjfcr g`trg g`trg pcnrgs g `gkgsfncngs y mfoas  praejglãtfkcs  praejglãtf kcs qug vfvg` c nfcrfa jas

qug sg apa`nrã` c jc cyunc, pgra mcy atras  oûvg`gs jas kucjgs kucjgs `gkgsftc` ng gstcs cyuncs pcrc pangr scjfr  ng gsg cefsla.

 Ckkgsa c nfcd`ûstfka tglprc`a y trctclfg`ta, y cj   sulf`fstra ng trctclfg`tas

Oûvg`gs y gstunfc`tg s ngj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg[ukrg

Xraejglcs pgrkfefnas

 Nfslf`ufr jc f`kfng`kfc ng ka`tckta tglprc`a ka` jcs  sustc`kfcs  psfkacktfvcs y jcs jcs cbgktckfa`gs cj  efg`gstcr, ngscrrajja y jc  pradrgsfû` mckfc  pctra`gs ng ka`sula ng ceusa  y ngpg`ng`kfc

 G` gstg kcsa gj pcnrg pcnrg ng  bclfjfc g`trc kala kala u` g`tg kaapgrc`tg pcrc jc  sftuckfû` ng sus mfoas mfoas y jcs ng gjjas tclefæ`

mfoas 2

 

5.5 Xaejckfû` aeogtfva ng jc f`tgrvg`kfû`   Gj praygkta eg`gbfkfcrfa c jc kalu`fncn ngj lu`fkfpfa ng [c` A`abrg, sukrg f`kjuyg`na oûvg`gs, `fóas y pcnrgs ng bclfjfc g` dg`grcj gj aeogtfva ng jc f`tgrvg`kfû`, gs jc gstrctgdfc ng arfg`tckfû` y csgsarìc c oûvg`gs ka` ka`sulas F`fkfcjgs ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs ngj lu`fkfpfa jc kucj  prgsg`tc u` langja g`bakcna cj cearncog ng jas cnajgskg`tgs y oûvg`gs ka` f`nfkfas ng praejglcs  par ka`sulas ka`s ulas tglprc`as ng sustc`kfcs sus tc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs. Gstc gstrctgdfc euskc cpaycr jc nfslf`ukfû` ng jas rfgsdas csakfcnas cj ka`sula, rgnukfr jc brgkug`kfc ngj usa y gvftcr jc pradrgsfû` c jc ngpg`ng`kfc c jcs sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs, ja kucj ka`trfeuyg cj bartcjgkflfg`ta ng jas sgrvfkfas ng arfg`tckfû` ouvg`fj gxfstg`tgs. Gstc f`tgrvg`kfû` gstã nfsgócnc pcrc sgr ngscrrajjcnc par jas gqufpas prabgsfa`cjgs g` scjun y gnukckfû` g` jas pradrclcs ng f`tgrvg`kfa`gs sakfcjgs y kalu`ftcrfcs, y su aeogtfva gs f`tgrvg`fr ng lc`grc apartu`c g` kcsas a sftuckfa`gs ng  ka`sulas f`fkfcjgs pcrc gvftcr qug gstg sg vugjvc pgrlc`g`tg, rgnukfg`na jc ngsgrkfû` gskajcr, jc pærnfnc ng u` praygkta ng vfnc y jc gstfdlctfzckfû` y rgkmcza ng pcrgs. Xcrc gsta sg prapa`g rgcjfzcr gstc gstrctgdfc ecoa jas jf`gclfg`tas ng jcs f`tgrvg`kfa`gs kajgktfvcs cpaycnas g` jc lancjfncn ka kalu lu`f `ftc tcrf rfcc ka` ce cearn arnco cogg ps psfk fkag agnuk nukct ctfv fvaa ar arfg fg`t `tcna cna c jc pr prgvg gvg`k `kfû fû`` ng us usaa ng su sust stc` c`kf kfcs cs  psfkacktfvcs y sus ka`sgkug`kfcs csakfcncs. cs akfcncs.

5.; Kcrcktgrìstfkcs ngladrãbfkcs ng jc paejckfû` aeogtfva G` ja qug karrgspa`ng cj ka`tgxta sakfa-ngladrãbfka ngj lu`fkfpfa [c` A`abrg, rgdfstrc u`c  paejckfû` praygktcnc, sgdÿ` NC@G (583=), ng 73.7;2 mceftc`tgs? jcs luogrgs sa` gj >=,>% y jas malergs gj 73,2%. [gdÿ` su judcr ng rgsfng`kfc, gj >7,3% mceftc g` gj ãrgc rurcj y gj rgstc`tg 7>,6% g` jc za`c urec`c. Gj =;,44% ng jc paejckfû` gs cbrangskg`nfg`tg, u` 3,6 % f`nìdg`c y gj 3>,;;% `a rgdfstrc` pgrtg`g`kfc c u`c gt`fc. Bfskcjlg`tg gj lu`fkfpfa karrgspa`ng c jc kctgdarìc sgxtc. [g kcrcktgrfzc par cjtas ì`nfkgs ng ngsglpjga y ecoa pangr cnqufsftfva ng su paejckfû`. Gj kclpgsf`cna aetfg`g sus rgkursas ngj kujtfva ng jc tfgrrc, trcecoc`na par oar`cj ecoa lancjfncn ng cpcrkgjclfg`ta g` æpakcs ng kasgkmc9 atras paejcnargs gogkutc` tcrgcs ng pgskc crtgsc`cj9 y atras g` jc lancjfncn ng trcecoa f`barlcj kala gj latatcxfsla. G` ka`sgkug`kfc, gj lu`fkfpfa ng drc` flpartc`kfc pcrc jas jc cktargs crlcnas ngefna c jcs ka`nfkfa`gs sakfcjgsrgsujtc ng vuj`grcefjfncn g` qug sg g`kug`trc paejckfû` qug jcfjgdcjgs mckg` cjtclg`tg ngpg`nfg`tg ng jcs cktfvfncngs fjgdcjgs. Atra bcktar ng cjta vcjar pcrc jas drupas crlcnas fjgdcjgs gs jc kalu`fkckfû` ngj tgrrftarfa ka` gj Kcrfeg f`sujcr y Kg`tra Clærfkc, par  u`c pcrtg, y ka` gj f`tgrfar ng jas ngpcrtclg`tas ng Kûrnaec, [ukrg y Eajìvcr, par atra, sfg`na bckt bcktar args gs fl flpa part rtc` c`tg tgss pcrc pcrc ng ngsc scrr rraj ajjc jcrr jc kc kcng ng`c `c ng pr pran anuk ukkf kfû` û` y ka kalg lgrk rkfc fcjf jfzc zckf kfû` û` ng gstupgbckfg`tgs. Ja qug mc karrgspa`nfna qug jas `fóas y cnajgskg`tgs ngsng luy tglprc`c gncn sfg`tc` jc `gkgsfncn ng ka`sulfr a ng mckgr pcrtg ng gstas g`tgs pcrc ngjf`qufr y gxpgnfr gstcs sustc`kfcs. Gsas oûvg`gs y `fóas askfjc` g` gncngs ng 35 c 5> cóas. Jc prgsg`kfc y mgdgla mgdgla`ìc `ìc ng jcs Cutangbg` Cutangbg`scs scs Dcftc`fst Dcftc`fstcs cs ng Kajalefc Kajalefc (CDK) g` gj lu`fkfpfa lu`fkfpfa [c` A`abrg, sg gxprgsc g` lcyar lgnfnc g` jas karrgdflfg`tas, vgrgncs y kcsgrìas cjgncóas cj lcr (jc pjcyc). G` jc kcegkgrc lu`fkfpcj, su prgsg`kfc gs trc`sftarfc y ng cjtc lavfjfncn, cktuc`na c trcvæs ng u`c kalpjgoc rgn ng cpaya ng cjdu`as paejcnargs. [us lfgleras sg nfstrfeuyg` 4

 

gstrctædfkclg`tg gstrctædfkcl g`tg g` jas karrgdflf karrgdflfg`tas g`tas ng Egrrudcs, Egrrudcs, Uf`kû` ngj Lcr, Kmfkmflã`, Kmfkmflã`, Cjta ng Oujfa Oujfa,, [cec`gtfkc, Jcecrkæs y [c` C`ta`fa. Lfg`trcs qug g` Jcs Erfscs, [cec`gtfkc, Jc Xgja`c, Jfegrtcn y [cec`cs ng Lukckcj sa` tgrrftarfas pcrc jc lavfjfncn ng sus f`tgdrc`tgs. Xcrc u`c lcyar  gbfkckfc g` gj ka`traj tgrrftarfcj y paejckfa`cj, sg mc` ardc`fzcna sgdÿ` jc za`c ng f`tgræs y jc bu`kfû` qug ngeg` kulpjfr. Csì, g` karrgdflfg`tas kala Uf`kû` ngj Lcr, Egrrudcs, Jc Xgja`c, Jcecrkæs, Jcs Erfscs, [c` C`ta`fa y sgktar ng Eakc Kgrrcnc, mcy vfdfjc`tgs kjc`ngstf`as (a  pu`tas bakcjgs), gs ngkfr, u`a a nas f`tgdrc`tgs qug sg g`kcrdc` ng kaarnf`cr ckkfa`gs ng rgprg rgprgsf sfû` û`,, rgd rgduj ujcr cr gj tr trãb ãbfk fka, a, csgdu csgdurcr rcr jc nf nfst strf rfeu eukf kfû` û` f` f`tg tgr`c r`c g` g`tr trgg ja jass gxpg` gxpg`ng ngnar nargs gs ng gstupgbckfg`tgs jakcjgs y, gspgkfcjlg`tg, mckgr f`tgjfdg`kfc pcrc jc sgdurfncn ng jas glecrqugs y ngsglecrqugs ng lgrkc`kìcs fjìkftcs g` jas pugrtas.

;. AEOG^FRA[ ;.3. Ãreaj ng aeogtfvas ;.5. Aeogtfva dg`grcj a prapûsfta Fng`tfbfkcr jas pradrclcs y jcs nfbgrg`tgs barlcs ng f`tgrvg`kfû` ng ckugrna c kcnc sustc`kfc  psfkacktfvc, ngsng jc f`tgrvg`kfû` psfkasakfcj .

;.;. Aeogtfvas gspgkìbfkas (kalpa`g`tgs g` jc lctrfz ng lcrka jûdfka) 



Cpaycr jc rgcjfzckfû` ng f`tgrvg`kfa`gs g` prgvg`kfû` y csgsarìc ng ckugrna c jcs sustc`kfcs  psfkacktfvcs y jcs `gkgsfncngs pcrtfkujcrgs pcr tfkujcrgs ng jas oûvg`gs. Ugka` Ug ka`ak akgr gr gj pra prakg kgsa sa ng ck ckal alpc pcócl óclfg fg`t `ta, a, kc kc`c `cjf jfzc zckf kfû` û` y sg sgduf duflf lfg` g`ta ta g` ja jass kc kcsas sas f`tgrvg`fnas g` prgvg`kfû` ngj ka`sula ng nradcs.

>. OW[^FBFKCKFÛ@ NGJ XUAVGK^A =

 

G` gstc f`vgstfdckfû` sg oustfbfkcrã` jc tæk`fkc ng f`vgstfdckfû` qug sg utfjfzcrã, par ja qug sg rgkadgrã nfbgrg`tgs cspgktas rgjckfa`cnas ka` jas pradrclcs prgvg`tfvas ka`trc jcs nradcs y saerg gj ka`sula ng nradcs. Xcrc gsta sg ka`sujtcrã y sf`tgtfzcrã jc f`barlckfû` aetg`fnc ng jferas jferas,, baj bajjgt jgtas as y lct lctgrf grfcj cj gskrft gskrftaa rgj rgjckf ckfa`cn a`cnaa ka` gj tglc. tglc. Xar atrc atrc pcrtg, pcrtg, jcs nfbgrg nfbgrg`kf `kfcs cs lgtanajûdfkcs, gspgkfcjlg`tg g` jas f`strulg`tas ng rgkajgkkfû` ng f`barlckfû` mckg` kalpjgoc jc aetg`kfû` ng ng jcs tg`ng`kfcs. qug,gstunfas. g` jc lgnfnc ja ngj rcza`cejg, lc`tg`dc jc barlujckfû` prgdu`tcs[gg`rgkalfg`nc jas nfbgrg`tgs G` gj ng kcsa ka`sulasgng nradcs, gs  pasfejg lc`tg`gr barlujcrfas rgjctfvclg`tg gstc`ncrfzcnas c trcvæs ng jcs nfbgrg`tgs paejckfa`gs p aejckfa`gs gstunfcncs. G` gj gs gstu tunf nfaa qug ck cka` a`tg tgkg kg jc sg sgjg jgkk kkfû fû`` ng ja jass pc pcrt rtfk fkfp fpc` c`tg tgss sg rgcjf rgcjfzc zc ecoa ecoa u` lugs lugstr trga ga f`tg`kfa`cj, gj pu`ta ng pcrtfnc kala u`fncn ng trcecoa sa` jas oûvg`gs ng kcjjg uefkcnas g` jc kufncn ng [f`kgjgoa [f`kgjgoa ‛ [ukrg, qug karrgspa` karrgspa`ng ng c 3>; oûvg`gs nfstrfeu nfstrfeufnas fnas g` ; ecrrfas, Xcjfta ka` >=, F`vcsfû` ka` >2 y Xarvg`fr ka` >6, ng gstg tatcj sg talc kala u`fncn ng c`ãjfsfs a lugstrc =8  oûvg`gs cktfvas. Gs u` drupa ng kcrcktgrìstfkcs vcrfcncs, qug rgprgsg`tc` jc nfvgrsfncn gxfstg`tg g` kuc`ta, c dæ`gra, tfpa ng bclfjfc g` jc qug vfvg` pugs sg mc tg`fna g` kug`tc qug cjdu`as vfvc` g` bclfjfcs bu`kfa`cjgs g` na`ng prf`kfpcjlg`tg jc ka`barlg` pcpã, lclã g mfoas y atrcs nfsbu`kfa`cjgs na`ng bcjtc u`a a jas nas pcnrgs9 ka` gj bf` ng `a sgsdcr jas rgsujtcnas

7. CJ^GU@C^FRC[ NG [AJWKFÛ@  

Krftgrfas

Fng`tfbfkcr jas  pradrclcs y jcs nfbgrg`tgs nfbgrg` tgs barlcs ng f`tgrvg`kfû` ng ckugrna c kcnc sustc`kfc  psfkacktfvc, ngsng jc f`tgrvg`kfû`  psfkasakfcj.

Cpaycr jc rgcjfzckfû` ng f` f`tg tgrv rvg` g`kf kfa` a`gs gs g`  prgvg`kfû` y csgsarìc ng ckugrna c jcs sustc`kfcs  psfkacktfvcs y jcs `gkgsfncngs  pcrtfkujcrgs ng jas  oûvg`gs.

Ugka`akgr gj prakgsa ng ckalpcóclfg` ckalpcóclfg`ta, ta, kc`cjfzckfû` y sg sgdu dufl flfg fg`t `taa g` ja jass kcsas f`tgrvg`fnas f`tgrvg`fnas g`  prgvg`kfû` ngj ka`sula ng nradcs

C. Kastas tatcjgs g` Kastcs Kastcs tat tatcj cjgs gs Cjt Cjta/  a/   Cjta vcja vcjarg rgss pr prgs gsg` g`tg tgss y  Lgnfa buturas.

Cjta/lgnfa

E. Xraecefjfncn ng jc pr prae aece cefj fjfn fncn cn ng  Cjta/Lgnfa cjkc`zcr jas aeogtfvas cjkc`zcr jas aeogtfvas

Cjta

K. ^fglpa N. Rf Rfce cefj fjfn fncn cn bf bf`c `c`k `kfg fgrc rc y gka`ûlfkc.

gs Cjta/Lgnfa  Gj tfglpa pcrc  Lgnfa Jcrda cjkc`z cjk c`zcr cr gj ae aeogt ogtfva fva gs jcrda  Jc vfcefjfncn g` gstg  Lgnfc

Lgnfa jcrda

Lgnfc

 pu`ta gs lgnfa 6

 

G. Cp Cpra ravg vgkm kmcl clfg fg`t `taa rgkursas jakcjgs.  B.

[astg`fefjfncn

D.

Ka`trfeukfû` sastg`flfg`ta

cj

f`stftukfa`cj M. Flpc Flpckt ktaa clef clefg` g`tc tcj. j. F. Ckgp kgptck ckfû fû`` pa parr pc pcrrtg ng jas eg`gbfkfcrfas O. Kalpctfefjfncn ngj  praygkta ka`  prfarfncngs ng u` sg sgkt ktar ar,, pr prad adrc rclc lc a  pajìtfkc

 Gj cpravgkmclfg`ta  Cjta ng jas rgk gku urs rsa as gs  Cjta  Jc sastg`fefjfnc sastg`fefjfncn n gs  Lgnfa  Lgnfa/ecoa  Jc ka`trfeukfû` cj   Lgnfc cjtc  sastg`flfg`ta f`nfvfnucj gs lgnfa/Cjtc  Gj flpckta clefg`tcj   Lgnfa Cjta gs Cjta  Jc ckgptckfû` par   Cjta  pcrtg ng jas eg`gbfkfcrfas gs Cjtc  Jc kalpctfefjfnc kalpctfefjfncn n gs  Lgnfa/Cjtc  Lgnfa/Cjtc

Cjta

Lgnfa Lgnfc cjtc

Lgnfa Cjta

Lgnfa/Cjtc

2. UGBGUG@^G[ KA@KGX^WCJG[ F@^GURG@KFÛ@ X[FKA[AKFCJ Jc f`tgrvg`kfû` psfkasakfcj gs u` ka`kgpta rgjctfvclg`tg `ugva y suogta c jc rgka`bfdurckfû`  pgrlc`g`tg, ngefna c su `cturcjgzc ka`tgxtucj (sakfakujturcj) y su `cturcjgzc tgûrfkc (f`tgrckkfû` sakfcj) (Cjvfs Ufzza, 5886). Kala sgócjc Ufzza (5886), jc f`tgrvg`kfû` psfkasakfcj gs u`c cktfvfncn arfg`tcnc c jc rgsajukfû` ng praejglãtfkcs sakfcjgs, qug pa`g g` prflgr judcr jc  pcrtfkfpckfû` ng jas f`tgrvg`fnas ka` jas f`tgrvg`targs g` jc ka`strukkfû` ng trc`sbarlckfû`, kclefa sakfcj y glc`kfpckfû`. Xar ja tc`ta, sg ecsc g` jc efnfrgkkfa`cjfncn g`trg ja psfkajûdfka y ja sakf sakfcj cj.. Gs cs csìì ka kala la sg g` g`tr trgj gjcz czc` c` cs cspg pgkt ktas as lujt lujtfn fnfs fskf kfpj pjf` f`cr crfa fas, s, nc nc`n `naa ju judc dcrr c jc trc`snfskfpjf`crfgncn pravg`fg`tgs ng ja kujturcj, ja sakfcj y ja gka`ûlfka. ^clefæ` gs u` prakgsa f`tgdrcj y pgrlc`g`tg g`kclf`cna c culg`tcr jc kcpckfncn ng ngscrrajja ngj sgr mulc`a, jc bclfjfc y jc kalu`fncn9 na`ng sg tfg`g g` kug`tc jc f`tgrngpg`ng`kfc ng ja f`nfvfnucj, ja drupcj y ja kalu`ftcrfa, qug pgrlftg c jas suogtas tg`gr ka`traj y pangr saerg su clefg`tg f`nfvfnucj y sakfcj ka` gj prapûsfta ng mckgr brg`tg y ncr u`c pasfejg sajukfû` c jcs  praejglãtfkcs, y csì jadrcr kclefas sfd`fbfkctfvas g` su g`tar`a sakfcj. Xcrc tana gsta gs `gkgscrfa jc cyunc ng prabgsfa`cj y tæk`fkc ng u` prabgsfa`cj g` gj ãrgc psfkasakfcj9 kuya  prapûsfta sgc jc lcxflfzckfû` ng jas rgkursas f`nfvfnucjgs kala kalu`ftcrfas, ka` jc barlckfû` y gnukckf gnukckfû`, û`, f`krglg`tc` f`krglg`tc`na na jcs apartu`fncn apartu`fncngs gs jcearcjgs jcearcjgs y jc prgstckfû` ng sgrvfkfas, sgrvfkfas, ng lc`grc qug jc paejckfû` sg ckgrqug c jas nfstf`tas pradrclcs c jas qug tfg`g ngrgkma.

JA[ XUADUCLC[ XUGRG@^FRA[ NG GNWKCKFÛ@

38

 

Jas pradrclcs prgvg`tfvas ka`trc jcs nradcs sa` jas pradrclcs gnukctfvas pÿejfkas a prfvcnas qug tfg`g` par aeogtfva jc prgvg`kfû` ngj ka`sula ng nradcs, pugng` tg`gr u` g`baqug pcrtfkujcr  ng jcs nradcs a prgvg`kfû` f`tgdrcj. G` jc cktucjfncn jc prgvg`kfû` mc cnqufrfna nas lancjfncngs, qug prgsupa`g` jc gnukckfû` kala lgnfa. Jc prflgrc, prgtg`ng jc prgvg`kfû` par lgnfa ng jc f`barlckfû` saerg jc f`barlckfû` saerg gj bg`ûlg`a y jc sgdu`nc prgtg`ng u`c prgvg`kfû` par lgnfa ng u`c gnukckfû` pcrc jc scjun. Jc ÿjtflc, trctc ng rgkupgrcr jas cspgktas pasftfvas ng jc pgrsa`c y jadrcr u`c vfnc sc`c, ka` ecsgs sûjfncs. Jc gnukckfû` g`tg`nfnc g` su ka`ou`ta, gs jc prgvg`kfû` par gxkgjg`kfc ng tanas jas lcjgs  pasfejgs ng jc sakfgncn. [fg`na [ fg`na jc g`kcrdcnc ng barlcr jcs buturcs dg`grckfa`gs, d g`grckfa`gs, gs jc rgspa`scejg rgspa` scejg ng ja qug jc sakfgncn sgrã pastgrfarlg`tg. Ng`tra ng jc pgrspgktfvc ng jc prgvg`kfû` kala u`  prakgsa f`tgdrcj, tfg`g su flpartc`kfc gj erf`ncr, u`c arfg`tckfû` cktfvc, mulc`ìstfkc,  pcrtfkfpctfvc, jfegrcnarc, f`tgdrcnarc, rgbjgxfvc y nglakrãtfkc9 qug ka`sfngrg cj gnukc`na kala suogta ng jc gnukckfû` y cdg`tg ngj kclefa

XUAKG[A[ NG F@^GURG@KFÛ@ NG KA@[WLA NG NUADC[ Jû Jûpg pgz, z, Kc Kcegz egzcs, cs, La Largr rgrcc ngstf`cnc y Kc Kcfk fkgn gnaac gvftcr (58 (5838 38)jc ) cpcrfkfû` ngbf` ngbf`g` g` jc prg `kfû` û` ka kala jc prgpc prgapcrck rckfû fû`, `, nfspasfkfû` y ckkfû` prgvfc ng prgvg u` vg`kf bg`ûlg`a `alangsgcejg rgnukfr  cj lãxfla sus gbgktas kuc`na yc gstã prgsg`tg, gs ngkfr qug, prgvg`fr gs gvftcr pgjfdras pcrc jc scjun y efg`gstcr f`nfvfnucj, bclfjfcr y kalu`ftcrfa Jc prgvg`kfû` ng ka`sula ng [XC gs u` prakgsa, u`c cktftun lg`tcj, u`c fngc pasftfvc qug `gkgsftc ng u` ka`akflfg`ta y ng ngnfkckfû`. Gsta sfd`fbfkc bartcjgkgr jas cspgktas pasftfvas ng tancs jcs pgrsa`cs balg`tc`na u` clefg`tg crla`fasa pcrc su ngscrrajja. Cu`qug jas ãleftas ng jc prgvg`kfû` sa` vcrfcnas, g` jc prãktfkc sg mc ngstckcna gj ãlefta gskajcr kala gj lãs f`tgrvg`fna f`tgr vg`fna,, pugsta qug pgrlftg jjgdcr c jas oûvg`gs g` jc gncn ng lcyar vuj`grcefjfncn vuj`grcefjfncn a rfgsda  pcrc gj ka`sula ng jcs nfstf`tcs sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs. Gj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs a [XC gs ngbf`fna par gj Lf`fstgrfa ng Xratgkkfû` [akfcj y gj F`stftuta Kajalefc`a ng Efg`gstcr Bclfjfcr (5838), kala u`c prãktfkc kujturcj y lu`nfcj ng  eÿsqugnc f`nfvfnucj pcrc cjtgrcr jc rgcjfncn c trcvæs ngj ckta ka`sulctfva y ka` gj prapûsfta ng lc`tg` lc` tg`gr gr jc ka`s ka`skfg kfg`kf `kfc, c, gj ã`fla ã`fla y pgr pgrkgpk kgpkfû` fû`99 na`ng na`ng bcktar bcktargs gs kala kala jc djaecj djaecjfzc fzckfû kfû`, `, gj `crkatrãbfka y jcs rgngs sakfcjgs, mc` lcrkcna g flpugsta u`c `ugvc lc`grc, u`c tg`ng`kfc ng ka`sula, qug sg kcrcktgrfzc par jc bcjtc ng sg`tfna y ng sfd`fbfkcna ngtgrlf`cna par sustc`kfcs y lætanas lãs pangrasas y pgjfdrasas pcrc jc scjun bìsfkc y lg`tcj. .

4. [GDWFLF [GDWFLFG@^ G@^A A V GRCJWC GRCJWCKFÛ@ KFÛ@ G] - C@^G Krgcr lgscs

[FLWJ^C@GC Krgcr prad pradrclcs rclcs gska gskajcrgs jcrgs

BF@CJ G] - XA[^ Krgcr prayg praygktas ktas Krgcr abfkf abfkf`cs `cs 33

 

 pcrc qug jas oûvg`gs sg lc`tg`dc` g`trgtg`fnas y `a lcjdcstg` gj tfglpa

±Kûla sg mcrã jc gvcjuckfû`1

ng cpayas g` f`stftukfa`gs gnukctfvcs y g` jc lfslc kalu`fncn

±Kuãjgs cktargs pcrtfkfpcrc` y qufæ` ja jfngrcrã1

Ja jfngrcrã gj Ja jfngrcrc gj trcecocnar trcecocnar sakfcj ou`ta c jc cjkcjnìc ngj sakfcj lu`fkfpfa Jas cktargs Jc kalu`fncn g` dg`grcj f`kjuyg`na c jas pcnrgs y sa` jcs f`stftukfa`gs.  oûvg`gs

na`ng sg f`kjuyc jc nf`ãlfkc ng  pcnrgs g mfoas

ng ctg`kfû`  pcrc gj lgoarclfg`ta ng jas oûvg`gs ka` gj pg`scr ng jcs sustc`kfcs

Ja jfngrcrc gj trcecocnar sakfcj ou`ta c jc cjkcjnìc Gj `ÿkjga bclfjfcr

 psfkacktfvcs Ja jfngrcrc gj trcecocnar sakfcj ou`ta c jc  ou`tc nfrgktfvc ngj lu`fkfpfa

Jc kalu`fncn g` dg`grcj ng Lcocducj f`kjuyg`na jas pcnrgs y

±Suæ tæk`fkcs g f`strulg`tas sg utfjfzcrã`1

±Kuãj gs gj tfglpa g` quæ sg ngscrrajjcrã1

 oûvg`gs Jcs tæk`fkcs qug sg utfjfzcrã` sa` cvfsas  puejfkftcrfas f`kftc`na c jas pcnrgs g mfoas c jcs ka`sgkug`kfcs qug ngoc jcs sustc`kfcs cjukf`ûdg`cs Gj tfglpa gs ng lgnfa/ecoa

Ougdas, kmcrjcs y vfngaka`bgrg`kfcs pcrc f`kg`tfvcr c jas cnajgskg`tgs c ka`akgr sus  praygktas ng vfnc jgoas jgoas ng jc nradcnfkkfû`

krgcr tcjjgrgs Flpjglg`tcr  pcrc ng  pradrclcs barlckfa`gs nfrfdfnas c  pcrc bartcjgkgr lgoarcr jc kcjfncn ng vfnc gj vì`kuja bclfjfcr

Gj tfglpa ng nurckfû` gs lgnfa

Gj tfglpa ng nurckfû` gs lgnfa/cjta

Gj tfglpa ng nurckfû` gs Cjta

=. LC^UF_ LC^UF_ NG LCUK LCUKA A JÛDF JÛDFKA KA

35

 

Ngskrfpkfû`

F`nfkcnargs Aeogtfvclg`tg Rgrfbfkcejgs

Bf`cjfncn

Ka`trfeufrã Nfslf`ufr jas ì`nfkgs ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs g` jas oûvg`gs ka` gj bf` ng cpaycr jc rgcjfzckfû` ng f`tgrvg`kfa`gs g` prgvg`kfû` y csgsarìc ng ckugrna c jcs sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs y jcs `gkgsfncngs pcrtfkujcrgs ng jas oûvg`gs  

F`barlgs gstcnìstfkas ng jcs g`kugstcs rgcjfzcncs

Gj praygkta sg lc`tfg`g g` gj tfglpa ka` gj bf` ng sastg`gr jas rgsujtcnas

Bf`cjfzc`na gj praygkta gj =8% ng jc  paejckfû` aeogta rgnukfrìc jc lc`grc lc`grc g` gj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs y ka`akgrã` jas rfgsdas qug trcg ka`sfda gstc.

Cpjfkckfû` ng tgst G`trgvfstcs G`trg vfstcs ka` jc paejc paejckfû` kfû` vuj`grce vuj`grcejgs jgs ng jas  pcnrgs y oûvg`gs

Jas pcrtfk pcrtfkfpc fpc`tg `tgss ngj praygk praygkta ta csf csfstg stg` ` c jc lcyarìc ng cktfvfncngs pradrclcncs

Rgrfbfkckfû` ng nctas gstcnìstfkas C`ãjfsfs ng g`kugstcs Csfstg`kfc c nfvgrsas g`kug`tras

Cpjfkckfû` ng tgst G`trgvfstcs G`trg vfstcs ka` jc paejc paejckfû` kfû` vuj`grce vuj`grcejgs jgs ng jas  pcnrgs y oûvg`gs

Jc csfstg`kfc ng jas f`vajukrcnas gs lcsfvc y sg lc`tfg`g g` gj tfglpa

[g jjg jjgvc` vc` nctas nctas gstcnì gstcnìstf stfkas kas rgj rgjckf ckfa`c a`cnas nas ka` cs csfs fstg tg`k `kfc fc c tc tcjj jjgr grgs gs,, kc kc`t `tfn fncn cn ng g`tfn g`tfncn cngs gs f`vajukrcn f`vaj ukrcncs cs y kalp kalpralg ralgtfncs tfncs g` sajuk sajukfa`cr fa`cr jc  praejglãtfkc

Jc csfstg`kfc ng jas f`vajukrcnas gs lcsfvc y sg lc`tfg`g g` gj tfglpa

Nfslf`ufr jas ì`nfkgs ngj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs g` jas oûvg`gs ng [c` A`abrg y jas praejglcs qug jgs dg`grg` jcs nradcs.

Xrapûsfta F`krglg`tcr jc f`tgrckkfû` ng pradrclcs f`tgrcktfvas g` jc kalu`fncn ka` jas oûvg`gs  pcrc cpravgkmclfg`ta cpravgkmclfg`ta ngj tfglpa jferg

Xranuktas (kalpa`g`tgs) Fng`tfbfkclas jas gvg`tas qug kcusc` gj ka`sula ng sustc`kfcs psfkacktfvcs g` jas  oûvg`gs

Bug`tgs ng vgrfbfkckfû`

[upugstas

Ckkfa`gs qug bartcjgzkc` u` praygkta ng vfnc

Cktfvfncngs g f`sulas Flpjglg`tcr u` kg`tra ng ctg`kfû` f`tgdrcj c jc bclfjfc, sg ka`trctc u`c psfkûjadc Bartcjgkgr rgn ng ctg`kfû` c oûvg`gs ka`  praejglcs ng nradcnfkkfû` nradcnfkkfû` pcrc dg`grcr   eug`as mãeftas ng vfnc

388 pgrsa`cs csfstfrã` sglc`cj c jas tcjjgrgs ng supgrckfû`. 38% bartcjgkflfg`ta ng jc rgn ng ctg`kfû` Kcpckftckfû` ng jcs f`stftukfa`gs gnukctfvcs kgrkc ngj 68%

3;