Ley, Regla, Principio y Norma

 

 KPLIMKMIÝN 1 Kmtivibkb ; “Biearanmik antra lay, rajlk, prinmipig y ngrfk‖

Instrummignas? Alkhgrk unk tkhlk an lk qua prgpgrmignas pr gpgrmignas lgs mgnmaptgs hësimgs. Mgnmaptg Baeinimiýn Prinmipig Prgpgsimiýn

mlkrk

y

avibanta

Mkrkmtaræstimks ng -Birammiýn, pgrqua juæk

susma sus mapt ptih ihla la ba bafgst bafgstrkm rkmiýn iýn sg sghr hra a lk k lgs ýrjkngs pÿhlimgs an mukl

sa

eunbk

unk

batarfinkbk lk

alkhgrkmiýn

ba

lk

vklgrkmiýn ba oustimik ba unk sgmiabkb y lajislkmiýn3 sa mg mgns nsttru ruya yan n lks lks ins nsttitum itumiign gnas as ba ball Intarpratkmiýn ,

pgrqua

Baramdg y qua an un fgfantg distýrimg mg mgn nstituyan

un

eirfa

batarfi bat arfinkbg nkbg inegrfk inegrfk bal mgnt mgntani anibg bg ba ksibarg

an

lk

lks ngrfks ouræbimks ba un Astkbg.

int nta arp rprratkmi miýn ýn

ba

lks

ngrfks3 Intajrkmiýn, parfita

pgrqua

suplir

ins nsu ueimi mian anmmiks

ba

lks lks

ngrfks asmritks. Lay

Kquallks ngrfks janarklas y ba mkrëmtar  *As *As lk ngrf rfk k our urææbimk ghlijk ghl ijktgr tgrig ig qua dkn sib sibg g bim bimtkf tkfink inkbks bks ghlijktgrik. pgrr al pgba pg pgbarr mgrr mgrras aspg pgnb nbia iant nta a mgn mgn al *Riana mkrëmtar janarkl. ghoativg dufknks.

ba

raju jullkr

lks

mgn gnb bumtks *As bimtkbk pgr un pgbar  lajætifkfanta mgnstituibg qua tiana lk pgtastkb ba ra raju julk lkrr lk mgnb mgnbum umtk tk ba lks parsgnks. *]a *] a anmu anmuan antr trk k an unk unk pgsimi pgs imiýn ýn su supar parig igrr k lk lkss

 

ngrfks, parg inearigr k lk Ngrfk

mgnstitumiýn. *Dkma kma rae raeara aranm nmik ik k un unk k Xajlk g u un n mg mgnountg b ba a as astks, u un nk la lay, *D bispgs pgsim imiý iýn n g pr prama amapt ptg g unk pkutk g un prinmipig qua sa ifpgna, bis sa kbgptk y sa baha sajuir pkrk raklizkr  lajkl

qua

ifpgna

y mgrramt mgrra mtkf kfant anta a unk kmmiý kmmiýn n g tk tkfh fhié ién n baharas pkrk juikr, birijir g koustkr lk mgnbumtk g baramdgs.

mgneiara

al mgfpgrtkfiantg ba lgs inbivibugs.

*]a ast astkhl khlama ama mgn mgnegr egrfa fa

kl

usg,

mgntrktg

g

prëmtimk. *Astë,

an

térfings

 oarërquimgs, pgr anmifk ba lk rajlk y pgr bahkog Xajlk

ba lk lay. Qnk rajlk puaba sar unk ngrfk g *Pr *Pram amapt aptg g ba mgnb mgnbumt umtk k pramaptg, un fgbg astkhlamibg pkrk lk qua sa astkhlama an aoamumiýn ba kljg,

eunmiýn ba lg qua baha sar. *]a kplimk k situkmignas mgnmratks.

 

Kmtivibkb 8. “Mritarigs ba bistinmiýn ba kplimkmignas ngrfktivks‖

Instrummignas?? Baskrrglla an un mukbrg mgfpkr Instrummignas mgfpkrktivg ktivg mgn lks mkrkmtaræs mkrkmtaræstimks timks ba lgs sijuiantas mritarigs ba bistinmiýn? Mgnbumtk rajulkbk, kutgngfæk y hilktarklibkb, inmg inmgar armi mihi hililibk bkb, b, mgar mgarmi mihi hililibk bkb, b, sknm sknmiý iýn, n, suoa suoatg tgss k quia quian n ra raju julk lkn n lgs lgs eina einass parsajuibgs, lk inmgnstitumignklibkb qua mgrraspgnban k lks ngrfks ouræbimks, tiafpg Fgrklas y ralijigsks. Mgnmaptg Mgnbumtk rajulkbk

Baeinimiýn Pkrk qu qua a all sa sar d du ufkng p pu uabk vviivir an an ssg gmiabkb a ass namaskrik qua su mgnbumtk sak rajulkbk. Parg su mgnb mgnbum umtk tk ng sýlg sýlg as ra raju julk lkbk bk pg pgrr lks lks ng ngrf rfks ks  ouræbimks, sing tkfhién pgr ngrfks fgrklas, raliji ral ijigsk gskss y pgr lgs llkfkb llkfkbgs gs mgn mgnvanm vanmign ignkli klisfg sfgss

 Kutgngfæk

sgmiklas g tkfhién bangfinkbgs ngrfks sgmiklas. As lk pgtastkb ba bimtkr ngrfks ouræbimks y, pgr  tknt tkntg, g, ba mr mrak akrr y alkh alkhgr grkr kr un Ba Bara ramd mdg g pr prgp gpig ig g Baramdg kutgnýfimg. Eramuantafanta Eramuantafanta mgnll mgnllavk avk lk mkpkmibkb mkpkmib kb ba griant griantkmiýn kmiýn pglæti pglætimk, mk, an lk qua puaban inm nmlluirsa kmtgs ba muk ukllqui uia ar tipg pg,, sakn g ng ngrfktivgs. An tgbg mksg lk kutgngfæk sa raeiara siafpra k pgbaras lifitkbgs qua sa aoarmitkn an unk

Hilktarklibkb

sgmiabkb grjknizkbk yk an egrfk astktkl. Mgnsista an qua lk ngrfk ouræbimk kl fisfg tiafpg qua ifpgna baharas tkfhién mgnmaba baramdgs k

Inmgarmihilibkb

ung g vkrigs suoatgs. ]u mufplifiantg dk ba aeamtukrsa ba fknark aspg as pgnt ntën ënak ak,, pg pgb baf afgs gs mit mitkr al aoaf aoafpl plg g ba un pgrbigsarg pgrbigs arg qua ngs ifplgrk unk lifgsn lifgsnk, k, lk fëxif fëxifk k qua grbank prgtajar kl namasitkbg, as kyubkrlg an egrfk aspgntënak3 parg si ngs najërkfgs k kyubkr,  okfës sa ngs sknmignkrë. ]a fkn knie ieia iast stk, k, an virt virtub ub ba qu qua a ng ax axis istta lk pgsihilibkb ba dkmar mufplir al fknbktg ba lk ngrfk

 

si lk parsgnk ng astë ba kmuarbg mgn él. Mlkrkfanta lk ibantieimkfgs mgn al aoafplg ba qua ng axista lk pgsihilibkb qua fktariklfanta ngs llavan k lk ijlasik Mgarmihilibkb

an mgntrk ba nuastrk vgluntkb. Al Astkbg titiana lk pgsihilibkb ba kplimkr p pg gr f fa abig ba lk euarzk pÿhlimk unk sknmiýn si lk parsgnk sa niajk k kmktkrlk3 k astk sa la gpgna lk Inmgarmihilibkb qua mgnsista an qua lk ngrfk sa dk ba mufpl ufplir ir ba fkn knar ark k as aspg pgnt ntën ënak ak,, ng pu puab aba a ghlilijk gh jkrs rsa a k lks lks pa pars rsgn gnks ks k qu qua a lk mufp mufplk lkn n pg pgr  r 

]knmiýn

fabig ba lk euarzk oubimikl. As un un b bk kûg g f fk kl q qu ua ssg ghraviana p pg gr a all inmufplifia inmufp lifiantg ntg ba unk ngrfk y basba asa puntg ba vistk tgbks lks ngrfks tianan sknmiýn, sin afhkrjg, sglg lks ouræbimks muantkn mgn mgarmihilibkb.

]uoatgs k quian rajulkn

Einas parsajuibgs

Qnk ngrfk ouræbimk as unk prasmripmiýn birijibk k lk grbankmiýn bal mgfpgrtkfiantg dufkng prasmritk pgr  unk un k kutg kutgri ribk bkb b mu muyg yg in inmuf mufpl plif ifia iant ntg g puaba llavkr k unk sknmiýn. ;.- Lk pkz, krfgnæk y al grban. 8.- Fkntan Fkntanar ar lk mgnviva mgnvivanmi nmik k pkm pkmæe æeimk imk antra lgs dgfhras. =.- Ghtanar lk oustimik y al hianastkr  janarkl.

Lk inm inmgns gnstit titumi umignkl gnklibk ibkb b ba ba lks ngrf ngrfks ks

Mlksieimkmiýn a lks ngrfks

2.- Al hian mgfÿn. as unk darrkfi darrkfiant antk k ou ouræb ræbimk imk k trkv trkvés és b ba a lk mukl, sa pratanba lk bamlkrkmiýn ba in inmg mgnst nstititum umig ignk nklilibk bkb b ba unk ng ngrf rfk, k, klaj klajkn knbg bg qu qua a ktan ktantk tk mgnt mgntrk rk lk lay lay eunbkfantkl ba un Astkbg.

 

Ouræbimks

Lk janarklibkb ba lgs astubigsgs bal bara rammdg axpr pra ask qua lks ngrf rfks ks  ouræbimks sgn rajlks ba mgnbumtks axtari axt arigras gras,, mga mgarmi rmihla hlass y dat datarýn arýngfk gfks. s. Bahi Ba hibg bg k su mkrë mkrëmt mtar ar hilk hilkta tark rkl,l, lks lks ngrfks ouræbimks astkhlaman ralkmignas an bgs bivarsks parsgnks? al ghlijkbg y al kmtivg, sgn axtarigras pgrqua axijan unk un k

mg mgnb nbum umttk

eunb eunbkf kfan antk tklf lfan anta ta

axttar ax arnk nk.. ]i ]in n afh fhkr krjg jg,, an fu fumd mdgs gs mksgs ktrihuyan ktrihu yan mgnsam mgnsamuanmiks uanmiks ouræbimk ouræbimkss k lgs kspamt ksp amtgs gs ænt æntifg ifgss bal mgf mgfpgrt pgrtkfi kfiant antg g inbivibukl, sgn mgarmihlas yk qua, si ng sgn mufplibks vgluntkrikfanta pgr lgs ghlijkbgs, al kmraabgr puaba sglimitkr kl Ast stk kbg Fgrklass Fgrkla

su

mufplifiantg,

inmlusg

dkmianbg usg ba lk euarzk ]gn unil unilktarkl ktarklas as a ifpar ifparktivks ktivks pgrqua eranta kl suoatg k quian ghlijkn ng dky gtrk parsgnk kutgrizkbk pkrk axijirla al mufp mufplilifi fian antg tg ba sus sus ba baha hara ras. s. ]g ]gn n intarnks, yk qua sgn unk fgbklibkb g ktrihutg ba lk vglu vg lunt ntkb kb.. As al su suoa oatg tg quia quian n ba bami miba ba mufplir g ng lks ngrfks. • ]gn in inmga mgarmi rmihl hlas, as, bahibg bahibg k qu qua a su mufp mufplilifi fian antg tg dk ba aeam aeamtu tukr krsa sa ba fkna fk nark rk aspg aspgnt ntën ënak ak.. ]i al kmtg kmtg ba ball in inbi bivi vibug bug as ghli ghlijk jktg tgri rig, g, al su suoa oatg tg ng tanb tanbrë rë ninj ninjÿn ÿn fé féri rittg3 si kq kqua uall sa

 

anmuantrk

vabkbg,

ng

rasultkrë

ifpgsihla bamlkrkr raspgnskhla k ésta. • ]g ]gn n ku kutý týng ngfk fks, s, pu puas astg tg qua qua tgbk tgbk mgnb mgnbum umtk tk fg fgrk rklf lfan anta ta vkli vkligs gsk k ba baha ha ra rapra prasan santk tkrr al mu mufp fplilifi fian antg tg ba un unk k fëxifk qua al suoatg sa dk bkbg k sæ fisfg. Xamkséns ]imdas y Bal Uammdig mginmiban

an

saûklkr

qua

lk

mkrkm mkr kmta taræ ræst stim imk k ma mant ntrkl rkl ba lk lkss ng ngrfk rfkss fgrklas

“as

al

mkfpg

ba

lks

intanmignas, al ëfhitg ba lk mgnmianmik, g sak, lk mkrk Xalijigsks

intarnk bal ghrkr‖. Lks ngrfks ralijigsks sgn kquallks “n “ngr grf fks

intarnk nkss

qua lk

pars rsg gnk

kmaptk, an lks qua mraa y tiana ea y, pgr  tknt tkntg, g, asks asks ng ngrf rfks ks mg mgne negr grf fkn su kmtukmiýn an tgbgs lgs kspamtgs ba su vibk.‖

Kmtivibkb = “Oarkrquæk ba lks ngrfks ouræbimks‖

 

Instrummi Instru mmignas gnas?? Alkhgrk Alkhgrkrr unk pirëfi pirëfiba ba ba lk oar oarkrq krquiz uizkmi kmiýn ýn bal grba grban n ouræbim ouræbimg g faximkng, y raklizk unk hrava raelaxiýn ba lk aeimkmik, vklibaz y oustimik ba lks ngrfks. An nuastrg pkæs, lk Lay as lk ngrfk mgn lk qua al Astkbg husmk rajulkr lk mgnbumtk ba su suss dk dkhi hittkn knta tas, s, basi basijn jnkn knb bg k lks ku kutg tgri ribk bkba bass qu qua a vk vkn n k viji vijilk lkrr as asa a mufplifiantg. Pgr allg as ifpgrtknta skhar qué ngrfk baha kplimkrsa kntas qua gtrk, ksæ mgfg lk egrfk an qua baha kplimkrsa. Pkrk allg, lgs astubigsgs bal baramdg, mgfg lgs intajrkntas ba lk ]uprafk Mgrta ba Oustimik ba lk Nkmiýn, mginmiban an qua lk oarkrquæk ngrfktivk as lk sijuianta?

Lk aeimkmik ba lk ngrfk kluba kl jrkbg ba kmaptkmiýn y mufplifiantg ba lk fisfk an lk sgmiabkb. Lk aeimkmik mgnbimignk lk vklibaz ba lk ngrfk. ]i lk aeimkmik as nulk, ng puaba axistir mgfg sistafk ouræbimg. Lk vklibaz ba unk ngrfk axprask su partananmik kl sistafk ngrfktivg. Axista mgfg ngrfk pgr dkhar sibg prgfuljkbk pgr lgs mkumas kbamukbgs y ng dkhar sibg bargjkbk. Lk oustimik ba unk ngrfk sa raeiara k lk kbamukmiýn ba lk fisfk k un sistafk ba vklgras. Lk ngrfk, pgr sar oustk, as tkfhién lajætifk. Kmtivibkb 2 “Kutgavklukmiýn‖

 

Instrummignas? Mgntastk lgs sijuiantas anunmikbgs mgn varbkbarg g eklsg. Anunmikbg U E ;) Lk lay lay pk pkrk rk Jk Jkrm rmæk æk Fëyn Fëynaz az as lk ng ngrf rfk k ouræ ouræbi bimk mk gh ghlilijk jktg tgri rik k y * janarkl bimtkbk pgr al lajætifg pgbar pkrk rajulkr lk mgnbumtk ba lgs dgfhras g pkrk astkhlamar lgs ýrjkngs namaskrigs pkrk al mufplifiantg ba lgs einas. 8) ]g ]gn n mkrk mkrkmt mtar aræs æstitimk mkss ba lk ng ngrf rfk k ouræ ouræbi bimk mk kl sar sar data datarý rýng ngfk fk,, * Ghlijktgrik, mgarmihla y axtarnk =) Lk ng ngrf rfk k our ouræb æbim imk k astë astë mg mgnbi nbimi mign gnkb kbk k bap bapan anbi bianb anbg g ba ball titiaf afpg pg y * aspkmig. 2) An lk ta tagræ græk k Calsa Calsani nikn knk k lk as astr trum umtu turk rk ba unk unk ngrf ngrfk k as “si as K * baha sar H‖ astg as qua un inbivibug baha ghsarvkr tkl g mukl lk mgnbumtk, sæ ng lg ghsarvk , gtrg suoatg , janarklfanta un ýrjkng bal Astkbg, baha kplimkr kl inerkmtgr unk sknmiýn. 1) ]g ]gn n alaf lafan anttgs ba lk as asttru rumt mtur urk k ba lk ngr grfk fk sajÿ sajÿn n Ca Cals lsan an?? supuastg ouræbimg, ralkmiýn ouræbimk y mgnsamuanmik ouræbimk.

*

 

XAEAXANMIK]

Xkeein Xkee ing g, F. . (8080) 80). Mgnmapt maptg g ba Lay. ay. fkrzg krzg,, ;5, 8080, 080, ba Mgnmaptg.ba Mgnmaptg.b a ]itig wah? dttps?//mgnmaptg.ba/lay/ Asquarrk, ]. (8080). Prinmipigs janarklas ba Baramdg. fkrzg, ;:, 8080, ba Al funbg bal KHGJKBG ]itig wah? dttps?//juiksouribimks.wgltarscluwar.as/Mgntant/Bgmufantg.kspx7 pkrkfs6D2sIKKKKKKKAKFtF]hE;oRKK pkrkfs6D2s IKKKKKKKAKFtF]hE;oRKKKQNom8NRthLQg KQNom8NRthLQguLFWBxhIw uLFWBxhIw FBMwNzKwu[[J_kpQt-mcdl[kptZfOGm]gK:ad1DBQKKKK6ZCA FKMDIMKBG, Ogrja,"·[ué As Qn Prinmipig7", Kpuntas Ouribimgsℨ, 80;= dttp?//ogrjafkmdimkbg.hlgjspgt.mgf/8009/0:/prinmipig.dtfl Mgnsultk?? ;: Fkrzg ba 8080 Mgnsultk

(Bamgngmib Bamgngmibg)Mýfg g)Mýfg mitkr? "Xajlk". An? ]ijnieimkbgs.mgf. Bispgnihla an?

dttps?//www.sijnieimkbgs.mgf/rajlk/ Mgnsultkbg? ;4 ba fkrzg ba 8080. (]ijni (]ij nieieimk mkbg bgs. s.mg mgf) f).. Mýfg Mýfg mitk mitkr? r? "N "Ngr grfk fk". ". An? An? ]ijn ]ijnieieim imkb kbgs gs.m .mgf gf.. Bispgnihla an? dttps?//www.sijnieimkbgs. dttps?//www.sijnieimkbgs.mgf/ngrfk/ mgf/ngrfk/ Mgnsultkbg?  Mgnsultkbg? ;4 ba fkrzg ba 8080, 0:?=4 pf. Bækz, L. (8002). Bimmignkrig ouræbimg pkrk mgntkbgras y kbfinistrkbgras (=.ª ab.). Féximg? Jksmk ]IMMG. Bækz, L. (8005). Fknukl ba mgntrktgs mivilas y farmkntilas (=.ª ab.). Féximg? Jksmk ]IMMG. Lkstrk, O. (8001). Eunbkfantgs ba baramdg (8.ª ab.). Féximg? FmJrkwDill.

 

 Krtæmulg? Ngrfk ouræbimk. Bispgnihla an? " www.anmimlgpabik ouribimk.hiz;2.mgf  ouribimk.hiz; 2.mgf ".  ". Mgnsultkbg? 82 ba fkrzg ba 8080.