Ley de Ohm

 

S.E.I.K.X.

JE@FPETFPGF DCJ DC]EPTEKCNTF DC AGXGHE

Gno. Kgoucj E. Hfrdcrf Q

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NFTE9 DC]EPTEKCNTF DC AGXGHE DC]EPTEKCNTF AËXGHE GGG  OCXTGFN 0=05 - XCKCXTPC N½G  ]PEHTGHE DC JE@FPETFPGF N¹4

JCW DC FBK (℡) - PCXGTGQGDED (υ) KETCPGE9 JE@FPETFPGF DC  AGXGHE DFHCNTC9 GNO. IFCJ ]EHF

SNGQCPXGTEPGF(E) SNGQCPXGTEP GF(E) 9  EHSÕE QGJJHE IFNETBEN EJFNYF

OPS]F N¹94  

ACHBE DC PCEJGYEHGFN9 5=-=7-0=05

 

ACHBE DC CNTPCOE9 5?-=7-0=05

 

HEPPCPE9

GNOCNGCPËE HGQGJ

=

 

S.E.I.K.X.

JE@FPETFPGF DCJ DC]EPTEKCNTF DC AGXGHE

Gno. Kgoucj E. Hfrdcrf Q

OSGE N¹ 4 JCW DC FBK (℡) - PC PCXGTGQGDED (υ) 5.- F@ICTGQFX DC JE ]PÅHTGHE9 Dctcrkgner je rcsgstgvgded dc jfs dgstgntfs ketcrgejcs hfnduhtfrcs utgjgzedfs cn je pråhtghe dc je`fretfrgf epjghendf je Jcy dc FBK. Hfkprf`er je jcy dc FBK y dctcrkgner cj hfkpfrtekgcntf dcj vfjteic y je hfrrgcntc cn jfs dgstgntfs hfkpfncntcs, hfn cj agn dc gnghger cj cstudgf dc hgrhugtfs cjçhtrghfs sgkpjcs. Dctcrkgner cj hfkpfrtekgcntf cjçhtrghf cn jfs dgstgntfs hfnduhtfrcs utgjgzedfs cn je pråhtghe dc je`fretfrgf e trevçs dc je Jcy dc FBK. Stgjgzer cj hødgof dc hfjfrcs pere je f`tcnhgøn dcj vejfr dc une rcsgstcnhge y hfkperer hfn cj vejfr kcdgdf. Aekgjgergzerr y prfaundgzer cj usf eprfpgedf dc jfs gnstrukcntfs dc kcdghgøn (Qfjtëkctrfs, Ekpcrëkctrfs y Kujtëkctrfs) Aekgjgergze ckpjcedfs cn je pråhtghe dcj je`fretfrgf. 

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0.- ASNDEKCNTF TCFPGHF9 Hfnduhtfrcs y jcy dc Fbk9 Xc gnghge cj cstudgf dc dgspfsgtgvfs cjçhtrghfs hfnsgdcrendf cj cachtf dc hekpfs cjçhtrghfs cn hfnduhtfrcs. Sn kctej u ftrf ketcrgej hfnduhtfr cjçhtrghf hfntgcncn cjchtrfncs jg`rcs, cs dchgr, nf cnjezedfs e ngnoùn åtfkf cn pertghujer. Xg sc epjghe un vfjteic \une dgacrcnhge dc pftcnhgej (d.d.p.)[ cntrc jfs dfs cxtrckfs dc un ketcrgej hfnduhtfr, jfs cjchtrfncs jg`rcs sc kfvcrån `eif je gnajucnhge dcj hekpf cjçhtrghf. Cj ajuif dc cjchtrfncs cs f`stehujgzedf pfr hfjgsgfncs cntrc jfs cjchtrfncs cn kfvgkgcntf y jfs åtfkfs dcj ketcrgej. Cstes hfjgsgfncs prfduhcn hejfr (cachtf dc Ifujc), f sce, je cncroëe cjçhtrghe sc dgsgpe cn cncroëe tçrkghe. Je fpfsghgøn e je kfvgjgded dc jfs cjchtrfncs f rcsgstcnhge, cs je hfnstentc dc prfpfrhgfnejgded cntrc cj vfjteic y je hfrrgcntc. Huendf je keongtud dc cste hfrrgcntc dc cjchtrfncs, eukcnte jgncejkcntc ej gnhrckcnter cj vfjteic, sc dghc quc cj ketcrgej sgouc je jcy dc Fbk.(sc dcnfkgne ketcrgej øbkghf). Cntfnhcs, ketckåtghekcntc je jcy dc Fbk sc cshrg`c9 Q/G ; P ; Hfnstentc Dfndc Q cs cj vfjteic epjghedf e trevçs dcj ketcrgej (quc sc kgdc cn vfjts (Q)), G cs je keongtud dc je hfrrgcntc cjçhtrghe (quc sc kgdc cn ekpcrcs (E)), y P cs je rcsgstcnhge cjçhtrghe (quc sc kgdc cn fbks (Χ)). Pcsgstgvgded (υ) (℡.k) Je dcnsgded dc hfrrgcntc I cn un hfnduhtfr dcpcndc dc je gntcnsgded dcj hekpf cjçhtrghf cjçhtrghf C y dc je neturejcze dcj hfnduhtfr. Xc dcagnc je rcsgstgvgded υ hfkf cj aehtfr dc prfpfrhgfnejgded cntrc cj hekpf cjçhtrghf y je dcnsgded dc hfrrgcntc. C;Iυ Pcsgstvgded dc ejounfs kecrgejc kecrgejcss Je hfnstentc dc prfpfrhgfnejgded υ ; 5/ψ dcpcndc dcj ketcrgej hfn quc cstå ae`rghedf cj hfnduhtfr y dc je tckpcreture. Kecrgej Pcsgstvgded e 0=½H υ ; υf (5 + ε ∁T) -2 ℡.k) Dfndc υf cs je rcsgstgvgded rcsgstgvgded e 0=¹H(tckpcreture gnghgej) y ε cs cj hfcaghgcntc tçrkghf dc jeHf`rc Bgcrrf Frf Ejukgngf (5= 5.?= rcsgstgvgded dcj ketcrgej. ketcrgej. ]fr jf tentf tcngcndf cn hucnte je ocfkctrëe dcj hfnduhtfr, cs 7.72 dchgr cj årce y su jfnogtud, pfdckfs cxprcser je Jcy dc Fbk hfkf9 hfkf9 0.44

P; υJ/E ; Hfnstentc.

0.20

8.- KETCPGEJCX STGJGYEDFX9 5. Dfs Qfjt Qfjtëkct ëkctrfs. rfs. 0. Dfs Ekpcr Ekpcrëkct ëkctrfs. rfs. 8. Dfs Kujt Kujtëkct ëkctrfs. rfs. 4. Pcsgstcnhges hfkcrhgejcs hfkcrhgejcs cntrc 3= y 5== Χ. 3. Dgfdf rchtgaghedfr rchtgaghedfr dc 4== vfjts y 8 ekpcrcs. 1. @fk`gjjes ø jåkperes dc 1Q e 50Q. ?. Pcsgstfrcs hcråkghfs hcråkghfs ù ftrfs dgspfng`jcs. dgspfng`jcs. 2. Hfnduhtfrcs jgncejcs jgncejcs dc9 Hu, Ac< Lektej< Lektej< cth. 7. Aucntc dc DH eiuste`jc eiuste`jc dc =-0= vfjts y 0 ekpcrcs. 5=. @esc pere pere erker erker hgrhugtfs. hgrhugtfs. 55. Pcoje kgjgkctrede kgjgkctrede dc 5===kk. 50. Kghrøkc Kghrøkctrf. trf. 58. He`jcs He`jcs y hfnchtfrcs. hfnchtfrcs.

5

 

4.- DCXHPG]HGFN DC JE ]PÅHTGHE9 ]rcvgekcntc, ej erkedf dc jfs hgrhugtfs hfrrcspfndgcntcs< cj dfhcntc berå un rcpesf cn afrke hfniunte hfn jfs ejuknfs< jes herehtcrëstghes prgnhgpejcs y jfs hugdedfs quc sc dc`cn tcncr cn huentf e jfs gnstrukcntfs dc kcdghgøn e utgjgzersc cn cj prcscntc je`fretfrgf. Nfte gkpfrtentc9 Xë sc utgjgzen sfjf kujtëkctrfs dc`c dc tcncrsc prcscntc quc entcs dc behcr je kcdghgøn dcj peråkctrf quc hfrrcspfnde, tgcnc quc rcvgser quc je jjevc scjchtfre dcj gnstrukcntf, cstç cn cj kfdf dc je aunhgøn quc hfrrcspfnde (ekpcrëkctrf f vfjtëkctrf), ye quc dc jf hfntrergf pucdcn hfkctcrsc crrfrcs quc pfsg`jckcntc deõcn cj eperetf. Erker cj hgrhugtf `esc, tej hfkf sc kucstre cn je agoure, pfngcndf etcnhgøn cn quc jes pfjergdedcs dc jfs gnstrukcntfs dc kcdgde scen jes hfrrchtes. Dfndc P cs cj cjckcntf dc pruc`e, quc sc grå gntcrhek`gendf dc je sgougcntc kencre9 5¹ P scrån jfs hfnduhtfrcs jgncejcs dgspfng`jcs cn je`fretfrgf, pfr jf kcnfs dc`crån scr dfs ketcrgejcs. 0¹ P scrå un rcsgstfr prcacrcntckcntc prcacrcntckcntc hcråkghf. 8¹ P scrå une `fk`gjje.

Hgrhugtf @esc ]PGKCPE ]EPTC9 DCTCPKGNEHGFN DCTCPKGNEHGF N DC JE PCXGXTGQGDED DC JFX HFNDSHTFPCX HFNDSHTFPCX JGNCEJCX9 5. Hfnchter cn cj hgrhugtf hgrhugtf `esc hfkf cjckcntf dc pruc`e pruc`e P ,cj Hfnduhtfr jgncej jgncej hfrrcspfndgcntc hfrrcspfndgcntc dc une jfnogtud dc 5===kk. 0. Hfn cj tfrngjjf tfrngjjf kghrfkçtrghf kghrfkçtrghf sc kcdgrå cj dgåkctrf dgåkctrf dcj hfnduhtfr< hfnduhtfr< pere jucof hejhujer su årce årce hfrrcspfndgcntc e trevçs dc E; (ύ/4)d0. 8. Sne vcz rcvgsedes tfdes jes hfncxgfncs dcj hgrhugtf, hgrhugtf, pfngcndf etcnhgøn dc quc jes pf pfjergdedcs jergdedcs dc jfs gnst gnstrukcntfs rukcntfs dc kcdgde scen scen jes hfrrchtes, y hfn je aucntc dc vfjteic eiustede cn hcrf vfjtgfs, jucof hcrrer cj gntcrruptfr ‚X‛< y prfhcdcr hfn je jchture dc jfs gnstrukcntfs, eukcntendf je aucntc dc vfjteic dcsdc 9 = vfjtgfs cn afrke oreduej y sc dc`cn tfker ej kgskf tgckpf jes jchtures dcj vfjtëkctrf e ekpcrëkctrf rcspchtgvekcntc< rcspchtgvekcntc< NF dc`gcndf sf`rcpeser je jchture dcj ekpcrëkctrf dc 5 ekpcrgf< sc rchfkgcnde tfker  jes kcdgdes cn cj kcnfr tgckpf pfsg`jc, dc`gdf e quc jfs hfnduhtfrcs pucdcn hejcntersc y prfvfher kcdghgfncs crrønces. 4. Sne vcz tfkedfs tfkedfs pfr jf kcnfs trcs trcs percs dc jfs vejfrcs vejfrcs dc Q- G. sc prfhcdcrå prfhcdcrå e trevçs trevçs dc je Jcy dc Fbk e dctcrkgner dctcrkgner je Pcsgstgvgded dc hede ketcrgej cnseyedf, cs dchgr 9 P; υJ/E ; Q/G ;> υ ; (QE/GJ) (℡.k).

XCOSNDE ]EPTC9 DCTCPKGNEHGFN DCTCPKGNEHGF N DC JE PCXGXTCNHGE CN JFX DGXTGNTFX CJCKCNTFX9 e).- Pcsgstfr hfkcrhgej9

Pcsgstfr Hcråkghf

5. Hfnchter cn cj hgrhugtf hgrhugtf `esc hfkf cjckcntf cjckcntf dc pruc`e pruc`e P< un rcsgstfr, prcacrcntckcntc hcråkghf