Lenguaje 1
April 11, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN DLBNICL
TNBNDDCÔM CC
KQNC_LM
;
TKDL LBCXN_LT T CT W N@ K E N BC D LC GK B
;.
k
Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN TNBNDDCÔM CC
WN@K: XCDCLT GN GCDDCÔM
?1?
Dlm nb ml`orn trkgcdclmkb gn vcdcls gn gcddcôm sn kirupkm tlgls kqunbbls usls cmdlrrndtls (cmdlrrndtls gnsgn nb pumtl gn vcstk mlr`ktcvl) gn bks pkbkorks dlmscgnrkgks kcsbkgk`nmtn. Tcm n`okril, eky qun kgvnrtcr qun, plr bl dl`úm, dukmgl sn ekobk gn ‒nrrlrns‐, ‒hkbtks‐ l ‒cmdlrrnddclmns‐, sn usk nb drctnrcl trkgcdclmkb mlr`ktcvl, ns gndcr, bk kgndukdcôm k bk bnmiuk dubtk, y nspndckb`nmtn, k bk bnmiuk nsdrctk. Qlr tkmtl, bl qun ns hkbtk nm umk vkrcngkg l mcvnb gn bk bnmiuk pungn ml snrbl nm ltrk. Qlr njn`pbl, nm umk vkrcngkg rniclmkb, l nm nb mcvnb dlblquckb: duntn ( (norcl nm @ãxcnorcl nm dl) y dlentn( hunil hunil krtchcdckb). krtchcdckb). Ksc`cs`l, bl qun hun hkbtk nm bl pkskgl pungn ml snrbl ely, y sn tcnmnm plr cmdlrrndtks pkbkorks l dlmstruddclmns qun quczës sn dlmscgnrnm dlrrndtks nm nb huturl. Nmtrn bls vcdcls gn gcddcôm sn ekbbkm bks sciucnmtns dktnilràks:
C. OK_OK_CT@L HLMÃWCDL
Tlm nrrlrns prlvldkgls plr nb `kb usl gn bntrks l `kb usl gn bls kdnmtls.
;. Qlr sustctudcôm gn hlmn`ks: gckontcs plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ nxpndtkglr plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ nxplmtëmnl plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ bkirc`ôinmk plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ dkmirnmk plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ?. Qlr l`cscôm gn slmcgls: kugnmdck plr kmqun plr `kgrkstk plr pnsdkl plr `lstrl plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
4. Qlr kbtnrkdcôm gnb lrgnm gn bls slmcgls: Irkocnb plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ eu`kgnrk plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ gnmtràdl plr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ plbvkgnrk plrplr `ntnrnlbliàk
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
?
;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN
KQNC_LM
TNBNDDCÔM CC
7. Qlr ku`nmtl gn slmcgls
Mkgcns plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Bk`onr plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Gnmtrkr plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Gcjcstns plr
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CC. OK_OK_CT@L
L_WLI_ËHCDL
Qlr kdnmtukdcôm cmkgndukgk
K`krôm plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Nstkgàl plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
@ãmgcil plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
Ëvkrl plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
_ãic`nmns
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CCC. OK_OK_CT@L @L_HLBÔICDL
Kbtnrkdcôm nm bks pkbkorks prlvldkgks plr dlmjuikdcôm cmkgndukgk l nrrlrns nm nb iãmnrl y nm nb mú`nrl. ekcik (v. ekonr) plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
kmgã plr
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glbgrë plr
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sktcshkdnrëm plr
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pcnsns plr
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C X . OK_OK_CT@L BNUCDL Nxtrkmjnrcs`ls
Tlm pkbkorks nxtrkmjnr nxtrkmjnrks ks qun sn uskm nm munstrk bnmiuk. Nm kbiumls dksls sn `kmtcnmn bk `cs`k nsdrcturk (okbbnt,pczzk) (okbbnt,pczzk)6nm 6nm ltrls, sn dkstnbbkmczkm (nsdëmnr,dekbã) y nm kbiumls dksls ekm scgl kdnptkgls nm nb nspkûlb dlm su `cs`k nsdrcturk(decd, gnout, okr`km, hkm) selw plr selw plr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
ikrkin plr
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oyn plr oyn plr
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selrt plr selrt plr
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hubb plr hubb plr
TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN TNBNDDCÔM CC
CX. LW_LT XCDCLT GN GCDDCÔM
Dkdlhlmàk
Xcdcl gn gcddcôm qun dlmscstn nm bk rnpntcdcôm gn slmcgls l sàbkoks nm umk nxprnscôm. Tn prlgudn dukmgl gls l `ës slmcgls, sàbkoks l pkbkorks
sc`cbkrns slm `nmdclmkgls gn `kmnrk `uy prôxc`k inmnrkmgl gn nstk `kmnrk um nhndtl slmlrl pldl kirkgkobn. Tc ocnm bk `kylràk gn bks vndns bk dkdlhlmàk ns dlmscgnrkgk dl`l um nrrlr, ltrks vndns ns utcbczkgk dl`l rndursl bctnrkrcl l pkrk inmnrkr nhndtls eu`lràstcdls. Njn`pbls: Wl`ës tcnmn tls y tl`ô tkobntks Kmctk, bk kmdckmctk, ns vndcmctk gn Onmctk. Humdclmk bk humdcôm. Qngrl pkrk pkrk kb`lrzkr. @n inmnrk um ml sã quã qun ml dl`prnmgl. @krtk vnmgrë `krnkgk nb `krtns. Duãmtk`n um dunmtl dukmgl vunbvks nstk mlden.
TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
KQNC_LM
4
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;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN
KQNC_LM
TNBNDDCÔM CC
_ngumgkmdck
Bk rngumgkmdck ns nb ml`orn qun rndcon bk utcbczkdcôm gn pkbkorks cmmndnskrcks nm umk nxprnscôm, kqunbbks qun ml kplrtkm `kylr dbkrcgkg l hunrzk k bk cgnk qun sn nstë nxprnskmgl. Ml dlmhumgcrbk dlm nb pbnlmks`l. qun sn dlmscgnrk umk iurk bctnrkrck, uml gn bls rndursls gnb bnmiukjn plãtcdl dlm mns nxprnscvls y nstcbàstcdls. Nb Gcddclmk Gcddclmkrcl rcl gn bk Kdkgn`ck bl gnmn dl`l umk ―iurk gn dlmstruddcôm– prlpck gn bk _ntôrcdk, plrqun dlm ‒vldkobls cmmndnskrcls‐ sn ‒kûkgn nxprnscvcgkg k bl gcdel‐: ‒Dcnil qun mkgk vn, ¼qucnrn ekdnr umk `nrdng
NJN_DCDCLT Q_LQ^NTWLT C. Ousdk nb tãr`cml nqucvkbnmtn nm nstls nxtrkmjnrcs`ls cmmndnskrcls. ;. okoy okoy
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
?. oncin oncin
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4. onst-snbbnr onst-snbbnr \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 7. obldf obldf
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>. olutcqun olutcqun \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 8. oly-sdlut oly-sdlut \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\ 9. oumikblw \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ oumikblw \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 5. oumfnr oumfnr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
3. dkdent dkdent
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CC. Dlrrcin bls sciucnmtns tãr`cmls:
;.
_nekdcô
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
?.
@ãmgcil
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
7.
Gnmtrkr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
>.
Tktcshkdcô \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
8.
Tktcshkdnràk
9.
Qnûczdkr
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
5.
Ekon`ls
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3.
Ekcik (vnrol ekonr) \\\\\\\\\ \
;1. Cmtnrpnrcn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;;. @ntnrnlbliàk \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;1. dk`pcmi \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ;;. olwb
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;?. n`kcb n`kcb
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;4. tcdfnt tcdfnt
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;7. spkiunttc \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ spkiunttc \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ;>. `krfntcmi \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ;8. oluqunt oluqunt \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ;9. oypkss oypkss \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ;5. obun jnkm \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ jnkm \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \
;?. @lstrl, `lumstrl \\\\\\\\\\\\
;4. Nxeuonrkmtn
;7. Qlrsnkdksl \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;>. Qcnsns
;8.
;9. Gnrrnpnmtn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;5. Xnmcstn
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
;3. Nstnk
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
?1. Gnk
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;3. hkst hllg \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ hllg \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ ?1. ouhhnt ouhhnt \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
Nruptl
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8
;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN
KQNC_LM
TNBNDDCÔM CC
Q_NI^MWKT Q_LQ^NTWKT ;. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s): C. CC. CCC. CX. X.
>. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s):
kmtckynr kmtcnr dlstcpkgl dlmstcpkgl kdlstcpkgl
K) CC y CX D) Tlbl CX N) C y CCC
C. CC. CCC. CX. X. O) C y X G) Tlbl C
K) CC y X D) C y CX N) CC y CX
?. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s): C. CC. CCC. CX.
O) C y X G) CCC y CX
8. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s):
nmirkpkglrk nmirk`pkglrk irkpkglrk nmirk`pkglr
X. nmirkpkglr K) CX y X D) CC y CCC N) Tlbl CX
hkdcmnrlsl hksdcmnrlsl hkdcsmnrlsl prnvnr prnvnnr
C. CC. CCC. CX.
O) C, CC y CCC G) C y CCC
`ntnrnlbôicdl `ntnrnbôicdl `ntnlrlbôicdl gnmtràhcdl
X. gnmtàhrcdl K) C y X O) CC y CX D) CCC y X G) C, CCC y X N) CCC y CX
9. ¼Nm quã quã lrkdcôm ml sn prnsnmtk 4. ¼Duëb ns bk lpdcôm nm bk qun ml sn kprndck mcmiúm nrrlr< K) Ml hltldlpnkstn bls gldu`nmtls. O) _ngujcnrlm nsk prëdtcdk gn quà`cdk. D) Bls mcûls qungrëm cr gn pksnl ely. G) Kmguvl plr bk Kbk`ngk gn bls Gnsdkbzls. N) Kmgkrlm kikrrkgls gn bk `kml.
7. ¼Duëb gn bks kbtnrmktcvks ml prnsnmtk nrrlr< K) ¼[ungrë cr dlm mlsltrls kb pksnl< O) Wú ml mls gcjcstns bk vnrgkg kynr. D) Kprntn nb oltôm y jkbn bk pkbkmdk. G) Ml gnsnk qun mls gnk su dkskdk. N) Mls sktcshczl bk úbtc`k nxplscdcôm
dkdlhlmàk< K) Wô`ktn um tã y tn kbcvckrës O) Qkikok k Kmtlmcl D) Cok k Kdel G) @krtk bbk`k k Kmk N) Nb ek`orn ml bn pnr`ctn glr`cr.
5. ¼Nm quã lrkdcôm ml eky vcdcl gn gcddcôm< K) Wn prnvnmà prn vnmà qun tn glbgràk. O) ¼[ucãm bl cmgudcô kb drc`nm< D) Tcn`prn bl sktcshkdnrës. G) _nekz tu vcgk dlm nbbk. N) Bk bnmiuk sn bn nmrcngk
TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN TNBNDDCÔM CC
3. ¼Nm quã kbtnrmktcvk ml eky rngumgkmdck< K) Nb kvcôm vlbkok plr bls kcrns k irkm vnbldcgkg. O) Bucs tuvl qun cr nm pnrslmk. D) Nb jlvnm nmtrô kgnmtrl dlrrcnmgl. G) Tkmirkok bnmtk`nmtn plr bk enrcgk. N) Bl en vcstl dlm `cs prlpcls ljls.
;1. ¼Nm quã lrkdcôm eky umk nxprnscôm
k) cmkiurkdcôm o) cmkuiurkdcôm d) cmmkuiurkdcôm g) cmkuiurkscôm 7
.
>
.
k) nxeuonrkmdck nxuonrkmdck o) d) k y o g) nxuonrkmsck n) o y g
dlrrndtk< 8
K) Wn prnsnmtl k su nsplsk gn `c k`cil. O) Ljkbë nstnk nm su dksk `c k`cik. D) Wus pcnsns eunbnm `uy `kb. Bëvktnbls. G) Wnmil gls tcquns pkrk nb nvnmtl. N) ¡Ml `n pnûczquns!
o) prnvnnr d) prnvnr g) k y d
9
o) pnrsnduscôm d) pnrdndudcôm g) M.K.
?. k) kmtcnr
o) d) g) n)
k) o) d) g) 4
.
kmtnskynr kmtckynr kmtnkynr KyG pcns pcnsns bls pcns kyd
k) k trkvnzkr o) ktrkvnzkr d) ktrkvnskr g) M.K.
.
;;. @krqun bk hlr`k dlrrndtk gn nsdrcturk: ;. k) pnrsndudcôm
k) prnnvnr
.
5
k) o) d) g) n)
`ntnrnlbôicdl `ntnrnbôicdl `ntnlrlbôicdl KyD OyD
k) o) d) g)
suodnptcobn sudnptcobn susdnptcobn suosdnptcobn
.
3
.
TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
KQNC_LM
9
5
;. k Q_ËDWCDK GC_CICGK GN BNMI^KJN
KQNC_LM
TNBNDDCÔM CC
;?. Tnûkbn bk lpdcôm qun cmdlrrndtk nm bk nsdrcturk. K) Nstuvl dkbbkgl dkbb kgl scn`prn. O) Korkzã bk druz. D) Ducgkgl dlm bk dkondctk gnb onoã. G) Bn gcdnm sndnsclmcstk. N) Ns um nsdrctlr prlol.
;4. Nbcjk bk pkbkork cmdlrrndtk`nmtn nsdrctk. K) Enroàvlrl D) Kornvckturk N) Tuovnmdcôm
O) Ornvckrcl G) Koslrvnr
;7. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s):
C. CC. CCC. CX.
ontnrrkik ontkrrkik dkrkpubdrk dkrkpubdk
K) C y CX
O) CC y CCC
D) C, CC y CCC N) C, CC y CX
G) Wlgks
;8. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s): C. CC. CCC. CX. X.
kbvnrjk krvnjk dbundk(l) dubndk(l) dubndbk(l)
K) C,CC,CCC y CX D) Tlbl CC y CX N) Wlgks
C. nstkgcl CC. nstkgàl CCC. vcdnvnrsk C X. vcsdnvnrsk K) C y CX O) CCC y X G) CCC y CX N) CC y CX
;>. Bk(s) hlr`k(s) dlrrndtk(s):
D) C y CCC
TCTWN@K ENBCDLCGKB
O) CC, CCC y CX G) Tlbl C y CX
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