Lecture Notes _ Physical Metallurgy _ Materials Science and Engineering _ MIT OpenCourseWare

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Home » Courses » Materials Science and Engineering » Physical Metallurgy » Lecture Note Notes s

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YLLABUS

This page contains slides reviewing each lecture by the graduate students in the class. All student work is used with permission. Some lectures were also accompanied b y handouts containin g image s from textbooks textbooks and o ther sources. These citations are provided at the end of the page for further reading. SE S #

T OPICS

1

Introduction

RE VIE WS

IMA GE S

CALENDAR

Diagrams of the stereographic projection projection and cubic crystal poles, sources unknown. LECTURE NOTES

SSIGNMENTS

2 EXAMS EXA MS

Basic crystallography; BCC, FCC, HCP structures; Miller indices; crystal symmetry; stereographic projection

Drawings of the hexagonal close-packed latt lattice ice in "Close-Packing "Close-Packing of spheres." spheres." From Lecture 1, Fundamental Aspects of Solids and Sphere Packing. Heyes, S. J. Structures of Simple Inorganic  Solids. Oxford College, 1999. (PDF PDF))

Fig. 1.33 in Reed-Hill Fig. 2-38 in Cullity Table 3.1 in C ourtney fcc (111) stereographic projection for MEIS

DOWNLOAD DOW NLOAD COURSE COURSE MAT ERIALS ERIALS

(PDF PDF))

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Crystal shear stress and yielding; Burgers' vector; introduction to edge, screw, and mixed dislocations; stress, strain, and stored energy

(PDF PDF)) (Courtesy of Leslie Dewan. Used with permission.)

Dislocation energy; stress fields; Dislocation movemen movem entt of dislocations

(PDF - 1.2MB 1.2MB)) (Courtesy of  Leslie Nachbar. Nachbar. Used with permissi permi ssion on.) .)

Diagrams of edge and screw dislocations dislocations in lattices, sources unknown. Fig. 4.22, 4.23 in Reed-Hill Fig. 3.16 in Courtney / Fig. 2.5 in Read

Fig. 4.15 in Reed-Hill (PDF PDF))

TEM of dislocations in Si, source unknown. Fig. 4.9, 5.1 in Reed-Hill

5

Dislocation interactions; PeachKoehler equation; effects on material behavior; Frank-Read sources; observing dislocat dislocations ions

Fig. 11.1b, 12.2 in Read (PDF PDF))

Fig. 3.41 in Courtney Fig. 4.14 in Forwood, C. T., and L. M. Clarebrough. Electron Microscopy of Interfaces in Metals and Alloys. Bristol, England: Adam Hilger, 1991. ISBN: 9780750301169.

6

Crystal structures and their slip systems; dislocation shear stress resolution; using stereographic projections

Fig. 11.1b in Read (PDF PDF))

Fig. 5.27 in Reed-Hill (PDF PDF))

Table of stacking fault energies for Ag, Cu, Ni, and Al, source unknown.

7

Applying stress; cross-slipping; dislocation locking; jogs and partials

Fig. 3.9, 5.3, 5.6, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5 in Hull & Bacon (PDF PDF))

Fig. 6.42a,b in Gottstein, Günter. Physical Foundations of  Materials Science. New York, NY: Springer, 2004. ISBN: 9783540401391. (PDF PDF))

8

More dislocation interactions; Orowan looping; work hardening; polycrystal deformation

Fig. 1 in Childs, C. B., and L. M. Slifkin. "Dislocations and nuclear particle tracks in silver chloride crystals." British Journal of   Applied Physics 16 (1965): 771-777. (PDF PDF))

Fig. 4.23 in Courtney (PDF PDF))

Fig. 17.1a, 17.3, 17.5, 17.6, 17.16 in Reed-Hill

9

Twinning

(PDF PDF)) (Courtesy of Genevieve Russo, et al.

Fig. 1a, 2b, 3a in Chen, Mingwei, et al. "Deformation Twinning in Nanocrystalline Aluminum." Science 300 (May 23, 2003): 1275-

ocw.mi t.edu/cour ses/mater i al s- sci ence- and- eng i neer i ng /3- 40j - physi cal - metal l ur g y- fal l - 2009/l ectur e- notes/

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Lectur e Notes | Physical Metallurg y | M aterials Science and Eng ineer ing | MIT OpenCour seWar e Used with permission.)

10

Heating metals; dislocation climb; recovery; annealing

11

Annealing; recrystallization; polygonization; coarsening; JMAK analysis

12

Recrystallization; nucleation; grain growth; effects of temperature, strain, grain size, impurities

13

Review for Exam 1

14

Exam 1

15

Alloying and deformation; forces on dislocations

1277. (PDF)

Fig. 8.5, 8.8, 8.12, 8.13 in Reed-Hill (PDF - 1.6MB) (Courtesy of  Danny Codd. Used with permission.)

Fig. 11.1b in Read

Fig. 1.1a,c,d, 4.9b in Humphreys Fig. 9.8 in Hosford

Fig. 1.1, 6.4, 6.8a, 6.10a in Humphreys (PDF)

(PDF)

(PDF) (Courtesy of Leslie Nachbar. Used with permission.) Fig. 5.13b,c in Courtney

16

Solid solutions; strengthening; annealing; diffusion kinetics

(PDF)

Fig. 9.12 in Reed-Hill (PDF)

17

Precipitate hardening; heat treatment; effect of time and temperature on microstructure

(PDF)

18

Precipitate hardening; phase boundaries; mechanisms; size effects

(PDF)

Graph of strengthening in nickel via different sizes of Ni 3 Al precipitates, source unknown.

Fig. 4.2c, 4.6 in Fuller, Christian B. "Temporal Evolution of the Microstructures of Al(Sc,Zr) A lloys and Their Influences on Mechanical Properties." Ph.D Thesis, Northwestern University, 2003. (PDF - 1.9MB)

19

Contributions to precipitate hardening; phase diagrams; kinetics; Ostwald ripening; TTT diagrams

(PDF - 1.2MB)

Fig. 2 (View Online), 6 (View Online) in "Plate Steels." Fig. 16 in "Cast Irons." Fig. 135 in "Aluminum Alloys." Fig. 31 (View Online) in "Lead and Lead Alloys." Fig. 52 (View Online) in "Titanium and Titanium Alloys." Fig. 104 (View Online) in "Copper and Copper Alloys." Vol. 9, Metallography and Microstructures. ASM Handbook, 9th ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1985. ISBN: 9780871700155. Fig. 371, 1047, 2709 in Vol. 7, Atlas of Microstructures for  Industrial Alloys. ASM Handbook, 8th ed. Metals Park, OH: ASM, 1972. (PDF)

20

Intra-particle stresses; isostrain and isostress; modulus limits; contiguity and percolation

(PDF) (Courtesy of Leslie Dewan. Used with permission.) Fig. 18.1, 18.2, 18.9, 18.30 in Reed-Hill

21

Introduction to steel; Fe-C phase diagram; phases and microstructures

(PDF) (Courtesy of Genevieve Russo. Used with permission.)

Fig. 3 in "Microstructures, Processing, and Properties of Steel." Vol. 1, Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and HighPerformance Alloys. ASM Handbook, 10th ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1990. ISBN: 9780871703774. Fig. 157 in "Carbon and A lloy Steels." Vol. 9, Metallography and  Microstructures. ASM Handbook, 9th ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1985. ISBN: 9780871700155. Fig. 18.2, 18.9, 18.28, 18.30, 19.14, 19.17 in Reed-Hill

22

Steel properties

(PDF)

Fig. 2, 3, 17 in "Microstructures, Processing, and Properties of  Steel." Vol. 1, Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and HighPerformance Alloys. ASM Handbook, 10th ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1990. ISBN: 978-0871703774. Fig. 107, 157 in "Carbon and Alloy Steels." Vol. 9, Metallography  and Microstructures. ASM Handbook, 9th ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1985. ISBN: 9780871700155.

23

Steel (cont.)

24

Exam 2 Nanocrystalline metals; properties,

Fig. 18.34, 18.36, 18.37 in Reed-Hill

(PDF) (Courtesy of Danny Codd.

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d is loc atio ns, a nd gr ain bo unda rie s; applications

26

C onclusions

Used with permission.)

Image Sources Reed-Hill, Robert E., Reza Abbaschian, and Lara Abbaschia n.Physical Metallurgy Principle s. 4th ed. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning, 2008. ISBN: 9780495082545. Cullity, B. D., and S. R. Stock. Elements of X-Ray Diffraction. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001. ISBN: 97802016109 18. Courtney, Thomas H. Mechanical Behavior of Materials. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, 200 5. ISBN: 9781577664253. Read, William T. Dislocations in Crystals. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1953. Hull, Derek, and Da vid J. Bacon. Introduction to Dislocations. Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinema nn, 2001. ISBN: 97807 50646819. Humphreys, F. John, and Max Hatherly. Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena. Oxford, England: Pergam on, 1996. ISBN: 9780080426853. Hosford, William F. Physical Metallurgy . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 200 5. ISBN: 9780824 724214.

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