Lec - 10 Survey Mapping

 



Q[X_KP EL^^@FI

.< ^b`c`pp`fk ^clfk Aggrm`fltk Qystke (^^AQ) lfm ^b`c`pp`fk Xkokrkfak Qystke go >1―.>>> ^rgdkat`gf4 ^b`c`pp`fk ]rlfsvkrsk Ekraltgr Xkokrkfak Egfuekfts ]r`lfiuclt`gf Qtlt`gfs ^XQ 08 stlt`gfs‐  stlt`gfs‐  Hurklu go Clfms Cgalt`gf Egfuekfts (HCCE) ^gc`t`alc Hgufmlry Egfuekfts .,>>> F lfm 8>,>>> K. lfm bls l pclflr prgdkat`gf tlfikft tg HCCE < Klab euf`a`plc survkys lrk `fmkpkfmkft orge klab gtbkr muk tg tbk ocglt`fi rkokrkfak systke. ]bk ^b`c`pp`fk ^clfk Aggrm`fltk Qystke bls hkkf lmgptkm `f =,2>> tg ?,>>> ?,>>> tg 0,>>> 0,>>> tg >> >> tg >> >> tg 8=,>>> 8=,>>> tg 1>,>>>

Qalck >> > ,>>> ,>>> ,>>>

1>,>>> tg 1?,>>> tg =;,>>> tg ?>,>>> tg 9;,>>> tg

>> >> >,>>> ,>>> >,>>>

1?,>>> =;,>>> ?>,>>> 9;,>>> 0>,>>>

8. ^cgt lfm `fj tbk ogccgw`fi mktl`cs4   Elri`flc c`fks go tbk elp sbkkt   Qpbkrg`mlc qulmrlficks agvkr`fi tbk hgufmlry go bk euf`a`plc`ty w`tb tbk`r ikgirlpb`a lfm ir`m aggrm`fltks   ^gc`t`alc hgufmlry egfuekfts lfm c`fks, cgalt`gfs go egfuekfts, lfm pr`elry agftrgc stlt`gfs, lfm tr`lfiuclt`gf stlt`gfs.   Lcc agrfkrs orge agrfkr < tg tbk clst agrfkr w`tb fuehkr fuehkr `fs`mk tbk pgcyigf   Flturlc oklturks suab ls r`vkrs, arkkjs, rglms, rl`crglms, c`fks, lfm `rr`ilt`gf alflcs sbgwf gf tbk hlrlfily hgufmlry lfm `fmkx elps lfm almlstrlc elps.   Clrik trlats go clfms suab ls bla`kfmls, ogrkst clfms, lfm e`c`tlry rkskrvlt`gfs   Alsk/hlrlfily hgufmlr`ks 

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1. @fm`altk tbk ogccgw`fi 4   Lmdg`f`fi survkys w`tb tbk`r agrrkspgfm`fi cgt fuehkr lfm cgt acl`elft, flturlc oklturks, kts. ls `fm`altkm gf tbk lpprgvkm hlrlfily lfm `fmkx elp.   Qkat`gf`fi go tbk elps =. Mrlw tbk ir`m c`fks lfm tbk agrrkspgfm`fi aggrm`fltks `f rkm `fj. 

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;. ]lhucltk tbk mksar`pt`gf go klab agrfkr, t`k pg`ft, lfm t`k c`fk lt tbk uppkr r`ibt pgrt`gf go tbk elp `o pgss`hck. ?. @`fm`altk gf tbk t`tck hcgaj cgaltkm gf tbk cgwkr r`ibt s`mk go tbk elp, tbk ogccgw`fi4 

  Fgrtb syehgc `f s`epck mks`if   Flek go tbk elp (Hlrlfily Hgufmlry @fmkx Elp)

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]`tck go tbk almlstrlc prgdkat ^rgdkat lfm alsk fuehkr Cgalt`gf go tbk prgdkat Lrkl (hgufmlry) Ekr`m`lf uskm (hklr`fi truk) Qalck (fuekr`alc lfm irlpb`alc) Mltk go survky lfm ckilc lutbgr`ty

  Ab`ko go ^lrty/Agftrlatgr ^lrty/Agftrl atgr   Lpprgv`fi Goo`akr

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9. @fm`altk tbk ogccgw`fi fgtks gf tbk cgwkr ckot pgrt`gf go tbk elp `f tb`s elffkr4   ^g`ft go gr`i`f (`ftkrskat`gf g goo kqultgr lfm Akftrlc Ekr`m`lf)   Ikgirlpb`a ^gs`t`gf   Ir`m Aggrm`fltks (>.>>> ‑ (>.>>> ‑ ;>>,>>>.>>>)  ;>>,>>>.>>>)   ]bk hlfjs hlfjs go r`vkrs, arkkjs, lfm lrrgygs ;.> ektkrs gr egrk `f w`mtb `f urhlf, lir`aucturlc, lfm ogrkst lrkls w`tb`f l zgfk go tbrkk, twkfty lfm ogrty ektkrs rkspkat`vkcy, lrk suhdkat tg tbk klskekft go puhc`a usk.   ]b`s alsk agfs`sts goWWWWWWelps agepr`s`fi WWWWWWWW cgts w`tb lf liirkiltk lrkl go WWWWWWWWW bkatlrks.   ]b`s survky `s `fs`mk tbk lc`kflhck lfm m`spgslhck lrkl ls pkr prgdkat prgdkat fg.WWWW CA Elp Fg.WWWWW. 

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Agfvkft`gflc Elp Qyehgcs OKL][XKQ  

CG] AGXFKX EGF[EKF] LFM C@FK 

 Q P EH GC Q  

M@EKFQ@GF  

< ee M@LEK]KX A@XACK

AGCGX  

LCC HCLAJ

HCLAJ 

CG] AGXFKX ELXJKM HP Q]LJKQ  

I@Q GF –R― ELXJKM GF ]XKK  

1 ee R 1 ee acgvkr cklo  

LCC HCLAJ 

I@Q GF/GX –R― ELXJKM GF ^GQ]

= 8 ee M`lektkr a`rack 

LCC HCLAJ 

I@Q GF –R― ELXJKM GF YLCC  YLCC  

8 ee M`lektkr a`rack tb`aj 8 ee cgfi

LCC HCLAJ

–R― ELXJKM GF XGAJ GX H[CMKX

Kcc`psk Eldgr lx`s 1 ee e`fgr lx`s 8 ee e`fgr lx`s

LCC HCLAJ

 

AGXFKX GO GCM Q[X_KP

1 ee M`lektkr gutkr a`rack > >> >> >> >> >> >>

Elx`eue M`ookrkfak `f Aggrm`fltks > tg 1> e 1> tg ?> e ?> tg 0> e 0> tg e tg e tg e tg 8=> e 8=> tg 1>> e 1>> tg ?>> e ?>> tg 0>> e 0>> tg > e > tg > e > tg > e > tg 8=>> e 8=>> tg 1>>> e

8. ]bk cgt sbgucm hk akftkrkm lfm pcgttkm gf tbk pclf sg tblt `ts kxtrkek agrfkrs w`cc fgt hk ckss tblf ogur akft`ektkrs orge klab elri`flc c`fk wbkf us`fi tbk salck lhgvk. 1. Ybkf tbk elx`eue m`ookrkfak hktwkkf aggrm`fltks kxakkms tbrkk tbguslfm ektkrs, tbk pclf sblcc hk mrlwf gf salcks wb`ab lrk kxlat euct`pcks go >, suab Q >,