Autodesk Official Training Guide
Essentials
AutoCAD
®
P&ID 2010
Learning AutoCAD P&ID 2010 ®
Hands-on exercises demonstrate many essential features, including creation, generation of reports, data extraction, and validation of your P&ID.
448B1-050000-CM01A July 2009
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Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ iii Chapter 1: Getting Started................................................................................................................ 1 Launching AutoCAD P&ID ................................................................................................................ 2 The AutoCAD P&ID User Interface (UI) ............................................................................................ 3 Your Work Screen ........................................................................................................................... 4 Workspaces ..................................................................................................................................... 5 AutoCAD P&ID Tool Palettes ............................................................................................................ 6 Tool Palette Options ....................................................................................................................... 9 Creating a Tool Palette ................................................................................................................... 11
Chapter 2: AutoCAD P&ID Projects ........................................................................................ 15 The Project Manager ..................................................................................................................... 16 Open a Project ............................................................................................................................... 17 Starting a New Project ................................................................................................................... 18 Structuring Your Project................................................................................................................. 22 Renaming and Removing Folders .................................................................................................. 24 Adding Existing Drawings ............................................................................................................... 26 Creating New Drawings.................................................................................................................. 27 Removing Drawings ....................................................................................................................... 28 Exercise ‐ 1 .................................................................................................................................... 29
Chapter 3: Creating a P&ID .................................................................................................... 31 Placing Equipment ......................................................................................................................... 32 Adding a Tag ................................................................................................................................... 33 Adding a Tag Annotation ............................................................................................................... 35 Existing Numbering ........................................................................................................................ 36 Exercise ‐ 2 .................................................................................................................................... 37 Connecting Equipment .................................................................................................................. 40 Setting Line Sizes ............................................................................................................................ 42 Exercise ‐ 2 .................................................................................................................................... 47 Pipe Line Grouping / Linking .......................................................................................................... 49 Straight and Non Straight Lines ..................................................................................................... 51 Curved Lines ................................................................................................................................... 52 Placing Inline Components – Valves .............................................................................................. 53
Contents iii
Special Inline Components – Reducers .......................................................................................... 54 Special Inline Components – Control Valve ................................................................................... 55 Exercise ‐ 4 ..................................................................................................................................... 57 Instrumentation ............................................................................................................................. 58 Manually placing General Instrumentation ................................................................................... 59 Connecting Instrumentation ......................................................................................................... 61 Exercise ‐ 5 .................................................................................................................................... 62 Placing Non Engineering Items ...................................................................................................... 63 Flow Arrow ..................................................................................................................................... 63 Spec Breaker .................................................................................................................................. 64 Connectors ..................................................................................................................................... 65 Exercise ‐ 6 .................................................................................................................................... 67 Copying Symbols ............................................................................................................................ 70
Chapter 4: Annotating Your Components .............................................................................. 73 General Annotation Types ............................................................................................................. 74 Placing Equipment Annotations ..................................................................................................... 75 Equipment Information Labels ...................................................................................................... 76 Pipeline Tag Label .......................................................................................................................... 77 Reducer Labels ............................................................................................................................... 78 Valve labels .................................................................................................................................... 79 Annotation settings ........................................................................................................................ 80 Exercise ‐ 7 .................................................................................................................................... 81
Chapter 5: Modifying Your P&ID ............................................................................................ 85 Schematic Line Editing ................................................................................................................... 86 Substitute Line Type....................................................................................................................... 88 Schematic Line Groups Editing ...................................................................................................... 89 Editing Schematic Lines .................................................................................................................. 90 Changing Equipment and Inline Components ............................................................................... 94 Extended Valve Functionality ........................................................................................................ 95 Convert to Control Valve ............................................................................................................... 97 Edit P&ID Objects Block ................................................................................................................. 99
Chapter 6: Managing Your AutoCAD P&ID Project ............................................................... 101 The Project Manager ................................................................................................................... 102 Adding Existing Drawings ............................................................................................................. 103 Project Properties ........................................................................................................................ 104 General Settings ........................................................................................................................... 105 Custom Properties ....................................................................................................................... 106 Exercise ‐ 8 .................................................................................................................................. 110
iv Contents
Rearranging the Physical Location of Your Drawings .................................................................. 111 Resave Project Drawings .............................................................................................................. 112 Sharing P&ID’s with Non AutoCAD P&ID Users ........................................................................... 113 Sharing P&ID’s with AutoCAD P&ID Users ................................................................................... 115 Work History ................................................................................................................................ 116
Chapter 7: Validating your P&ID’s ........................................................................................ 121 Validate Project ............................................................................................................................ 122 Ignore / Erase ............................................................................................................................... 123 Re‐Validate ................................................................................................................................... 124 Refresh ......................................................................................................................................... 125 Validate Drawing .......................................................................................................................... 126 Validation Settings ....................................................................................................................... 127 Solving Errors ............................................................................................................................... 129 To Correct Base AutoCAD Object Errors ......................................................................... 131 To Correct Size Mismatch Errors..................................................................................... 132 To Correct Spec Mismatch Errors ................................................................................... 133 To Correct Non Terminating Line Errors ......................................................................... 134 To Correct Unconnected Component Errors .................................................................. 135 To Correct Flow Direction Conflicts ................................................................................ 136 To Correct Orphaned Annotation Errors ........................................................................ 137 To Correct Unresolved Off‐Page Connector Errors......................................................... 138 Exercise ‐ 9 .................................................................................................................................. 139
Chapter 8: Managing your project data ............................................................................... 141 The Data Manager ....................................................................................................................... 142 Project Data ................................................................................................................................. 144 Drawing Data ............................................................................................................................... 146 Viewing Data ................................................................................................................................ 147 Adding and Editing Data .............................................................................................................. 149 Exercise ‐ 10 ................................................................................................................................ 151 Annotating with the Data Manager ............................................................................................. 153 Export and Import P&ID Data ...................................................................................................... 153 Filter and Sort Data ...................................................................................................................... 161 Exercise ‐ 11 ................................................................................................................................ 168 Creating Reports .......................................................................................................................... 169 Exercise ‐ 12 ................................................................................................................................ 175
Chapter 9: Plotting and Publishing ....................................................................................... 177 Publish – General ......................................................................................................................... 178 Publish Options ............................................................................................................................ 181 Contents v
Chapter 10: Closing and Saving ........................................................................................... 189
Appendix A: Converting AutoCAD Data ................................................................................ 191 Create a Symbol ........................................................................................................................... 192 Converting the AutoCAD Symbol ................................................................................................. 193 Exercise ‐ 13 ................................................................................................................................. 195
Appendix B: Additional Resources ........................................................................................ 197
vi Contents
Introduction
In this training course we will explain how to use AutoCAD P&ID for your daily work creating Piping and Instrumentation diagrams. During this course you will learn how to start projects, draw diagrams and report the necessary information to the rest of your company. After completion of this course you will be able to use AutoCAD P&ID for proposal, Piping and Instrumentation drawings. Also you will be able to make numerous reports regarding equipment, lines, instrumentations, valves and so on.
What is AutoCAD P&ID? Built on the popular AutoCAD® platform, AutoCAD P&ID is familiar to designers and engineers and easy to use, so design teams can get started immediately with little training. Common tasks performed every day are streamlined to boost productivity, while component and line information is brought straight to drafters as they work. With simple reporting, editing, sharing and tracking of design information, your projects start faster, run better, and finish sooner.
Get Dynamic Lines and components are dynamic with AutoCAD P&ID. This replaces the manual breaking and mending of lines with intuitive grip editing and manipulation. Lines automatically break and attach to components that are inserted or attached to the line, and they automatically mend when a component is removed. You can quickly move and snap components with dynamically linked properties and information in place without the burden of manually editing underlying data.
Data Management and Reporting With AutoCAD P&ID you can easily report, edit, and share project engineering information with the project team. When external data updates take place, for instance by exporting and importing project data, you can instantly detect the impact of these changes, helping you to better control and manage your project. AutoCAD P&ID lets you export data into drawing tables as well as various file formats such as Microsoft® Excel® and the universal CSV format. The Data Manager allows you to quickly sort and organize information for easy referencing and exporting. The enhanced change management, viewing, and editing functionality of AutoCAD P&ID helps ensure that nothing slips through the cracks.
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How well do you need to know AutoCAD? To successfully complete this training more in depth knowledge of AutoCAD is required. Even if AutoCAD P&ID functions in many ways like regular AutoCAD you really need knowledge about blocks, styles and attributes to be able to follow this course. As we like to say “AutoCAD P&ID is about intelligence more than geometry”.
How to use this book AutoCAD P&ID ‐ Creating Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams is a learning book, not a reference guide. So use it in front of your computer! The chapters will take you step by step through the concepts necessary to make P&ID's and will illustrate by example how each command works. This book will cover the basics of how to work with AutoCAD P&ID. It teaches you how you can use AutoCAD P&ID in your daily work in making and modifying P&ID’s, reporting, and managing your projects. You will get the most out of this book when you use it in the following way:
Read the explanation of each command. Follow the exercises, and try to put the drawings together as suggested in each exercise. When you've learned a concept, think of ways to draw a simple P&ID using what you've already learned.
Rules of the road As stated previously, this book's purpose is to give you working knowledge of AutoCAD P&ID and to teach you how to use AutoCAD P&ID in your daily work. As such, you'll find that the book sometimes takes liberties with the technical jargon of the process industry. For this book's purposes, it's better to communicate in a language everyone understands, rather than get bogged down in the technical accuracies of the language. So that everyone is speaking the same language, listed below are basic conventions and notations used throughout the book. Command: [command]
The way a command should be given on the command line to activate the command.
Function key: [F7 / F8]
If function keys are present to activate or deactivate a command.
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Glossary Below is an overview of the words that are very common while creating a Piping and Instrumentation diagram using AutoCAD P&ID. Acquire mode The mode in which a property acquires its value from another source (properties for a project, drawing, or class).For example, a valve uses the acquire mode to get its size & spec from a pipeline. See also Override mode and Initialization only. Acquisition A property type that acquires its value from another source, such as project properties, drawing properties, or class properties. Annotation An AutoCAD object comprised of text and (optional) shapes. In AutoCAD P&ID, annotations are used to display data values of P&ID components (including equipment, valves, lines, and so on). These values are displayed as text. Assembly A group of connected components that are commonly placed in a drawing at the same time. For example, a level gauge assembly might contain an instrument and five valves. You can place an assembly from a tool palette using the AutoCAD Insert command. Assumed nozzle A type of nozzle that is automatically added as a record in the Data Manager when a pipe line is connected to a piece of equipment. Unlike other nozzle types, an assumed nozzle has no associated graphics in the drawing. Automatic annotation A type of annotation that gets automatically inserted when a component is created. See also Annotation and Linked Annotation. Bill of Material (BOM) List of components needed to fabricate a pipe line. Child table See Object table. Class A specific type of a class, as opposed to a class family. For example, Centrifugal Pump is a class from the Pumps class family. Class family A class that is used to categorize other classes and set a starting point for class properties, tags, and annotations for those classes. For example, Pumps and Equipment are class families; Centrifugal Pump and Ball Valve are classes.
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Class property A property of a class that reflects a data value. For example, the Hand Valve class type may have properties such as size, spec, and manufacturer. The Pumps class type may have properties such as flow, TDH, and manufacturer. Component A native AutoCAD P&ID object type. AutoCAD P&ID components include Equipment, Nozzles, Lines, Instruments, and Inline Components. Component class See Class. Connection symbol The graphical element in a drawing that indicates an off‐page or on‐page line connection. You can choose from several different connection symbols. Convert To change an AutoCAD object to an AutoCAD P&ID component or line. The converted item is included in data reports. Data Manager An enhanced secondary window in AutoCAD P&ID. The Data Manager window displays P&ID drawing or project data in a tabular format. Duplicate Tags Tags are unique identifiers for components in a P&ID drawing. Because tags have to be unique in a single drawing, a double tag is not allowed. Double tags can only be used over multiple drawings where the tags will be linked with one another through the Data Manager, making each tag unique again. DWF A Design Web Format file. A DWF is a compressed file format created from DWG files in a project. DWF files are easy to publish and view on the Web. Equipment InfoTag An annotation style. A multiline set of attributes that displays selected data values for a placed piece of equipment. One Equipment InfoTag for each equipment component is often placed at the top of a drawing or in a grid across the bottom of the drawing. Family table A table that contains information about different classes within a class family. For example, the Equipment family table contains information about pumps, tanks, blowers and other classes found under the Equipment class family. Flag A symbol, such as an arrow, that indicates the direction of the flow. The flag symbol contains the line number annotation. It can be found on the Non‐engineering tab of the P&ID DIN tool palette.
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Flip grip A grip that flips an object 180 degrees horizontally or vertically. Flow arrow A symbol that shows the flow direction of the fluid in a pipeline. Freestanding annotation Annotations are either freestanding or linked. Freestanding annotation is text that is associated with a component, but it does not move when the component moves. However, the data associated with the annotation updates with the component. See also Linked Annotation. Gap crossing In AutoCAD P&ID, lines can be virtually broken using the gap functionality. The gap crossing makes a single line appear broken into segments, even though it functions as an unbroken line. Initialization only A property setting that limits property acquisition to a one‐time event when a component is first created. If an object’s property is set to initialization only, it acquires its value from its designated source and changes immediately to override mode. See also Acquisition and Override mode. Inline component Components that are usually inserted in pipelines such as valves, flanges etc. Isometrics Stylized drawings of parts of a model which convey the information required to build this model section. Instrument A device or combination of devices used directly or indirectly to measure, display, or control a variable. KKS (Kraftwerks‐Kennzeichen‐System) A power plant classification system managed and developed by VGP Working Panel. KKS is usually used with the DIN 24081 standard. Line designation table List of pipe lines and their properties. Linked annotation Linked annotations move when the component they are attached to moves. A linked annotation can be graphics, text, or text with graphics that labels a component. The text values reflect the data attribute values of the component. Examples of linked annotations are a pipeline tag, a valve size or instrument function symbol.
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Loop crossing The loop crossing functionality in AutoCAD P&ID generates a “break” or a “loop” symbol on lines that cross one other. Depending on the priority of each line, the horizontal or the vertical line will receive the loop symbol. Object table A table that contains specific information about a class or a property of a class. For example, Pumps is an object table of the Equipment family table. Off‐page connector The graphical representation on a P&ID drawing of the continuance of a line from one drawing to another. Orthogonal connection The default AutoCAD P&ID schematic line behavior. Lines will normally be drawn in only the horizontal or vertical direction. Override mode A mode in which an acquired property can be modified. A property that is set up to acquire its value from another source is switched from acquiring mode to override mode in the Properties Palette or in the Data Manager. See also Acquiring mode. Pipe support A manufactured component that connects a pipe to a structure. Pins Symbols that identify a change in a pipe line property. In the KKS tagging standard, pins identify a change in properties (for example, Unit Number or System Code). A pin can be either open (no‐fill) or closed (black fill). Open pins mark the boundaries of a group with a common property, while closed pins identify a break in piping sub‐systems or branches in a pipe line. When using either open or closed pins, drafters must manually change the properties of the lines beyond the open‐ pin boundary. Pins are located on the Non‐engineering tab of the DIN tool palette. Process Line A pipeline that carries the process fluid. Schematic line A line in AutoCAD P&ID that represents pipe lines or signal lines. Tag A property that uniquely identifies a component. Spool The section of a model represented by an Isometric. Typically includes starting & ending at points that are normal break points when constructing the line.
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Trim As a verb, to add hardware to a piece of equipment. As a noun, additional information or hardware. A pipe trim is additional information (text or graphics) to further define a piping segment. Equipment trim is additional information (text or graphics) to further define a piece of equipment. Validate A command in AutoCAD P&ID to check a drawing or a project for errors and inconsistencies such as unconnected components, non‐terminating lines, and so on.
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Notes, Tips and Warnings!
Note
Notes contain guidelines, constraints, and other explanatory information.
Tip
Tips provide information to enhance your productivity.
Stop
Warnings provide information about actions that might result in the loss of data, system failures, or other serious consequences.
Feedback We always welcome feedback on Autodesk Official Training Guide. After completing this course, if you have suggestions for improvements, or if you want to report an error in the book, please send your comments to
[email protected].
xiv ■ Introduction
