Las Fuentes Del Derecho 2

 

IH\ @TDNUD\ EDI ED]DLGF  \fn hqudiihs lfntrcmulcfnds qud frcbcnhn di scstdjh aurêeclf y  ed ihs luhids nhldn ihs nfrjhs aurêeclhs qud rdbuihn ih vceh ed ihs pdrsfnhs. Ihs `udntds edi Edrdlgf sfn ec`drdntds edpdnecdnef edi scstdjh ed edrdlgf hntd di qud nfs dnlfntrdjfs. Ds edlcr, di edrdlgf lfntcndnthi f durfpdf y di edrdlgf hnbifshaün nf sd nutrdn ed ihs jcsjhs `udntds.

@TDNUD\ EDI ED]DLGF LFNUCNDNUHI  Ihs `ud `udntd ntds s edi edr edrdlg dlgf f lfn lfntcn tcndnt dnthi hi f durf durfpdf pdf sd dnl dnludn udntrhn trhn  adrhrquczhehs. Dstf scbnc`clh qud ihs nfrjhs aurêeclhs y di scstdjh nfrjhtcvf hi

lfjpidtf

edmdn

lujpicr

lfn

i hs

ecspfsclcfnds ed ihs `udntds ed jhyfr rhnbf h jdnfr y qud ihs ed jdnfr rhnbf nf pudedn lfntrhedlcr h ihs ed jhyfr rhnbf.

IH\ @TDNUD\ EDI ED]DLGF [F] F]EDN AD]È]XTCLF  \FN1  

  Lfnstctulcün1 Dsths nfrjh, ds ih nfrjh suprdjh1 Ds edlcr, ih nfrjh qud nutrd h tfef di scstdjh aurêeclf y h phrtcr ed ih luhi sd edshrrfiihrèn ihs edjès idyds.

f

Ed`cnd di jhrlf y dsthmidld ifs `unehjdntfs ed nudstrh vceh dn lfjuncehe y `cah ihs rdbihs y prcnlcpcfs dsdnlchids.

f

Cntdrprdthlcün ed tfehs ihs edjès nfrjhs lfn`frjd h ih jcsjh.

 

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  Urhthefs

cntdrnhlcfnhids1 Nf

pudedn

lfntrhvdncr

ihs

lfnstc lfn stctul tulcfn cfnds. ds. [fr if qud un Dst Dsthef hef nf puded puded sus suslrc lrcmcr mcr un trhthef cntdrnhlcfnhi sc ds lfntrhrcf h ih nfrjh suprdjh. \cn djmhrbf, dstfs trhthefs dstèn pfr dnlcjh ed ihs idyds dsththids. 

Dn di lhsf ed ifs phêsds qud lfnstctuydn ih Tncün Durfpdh, unh `udntd rdidvhntd edi edrdlgf ds di edrdlgf durfpdf. Ghy efs tcpfs ed nfrjhs dn dsth `udntd1

f

  Di rdbihj rdbihjdnt dntf f1 Ds unh nfrj rjh h ed hilhnld bdndrh rhii y sdrè fmicbhtfrcf dn tfefs sus didjdntfs y ecrdlthjdntd hpiclhmid dn lheh Dsthef jcdjmrf.

f

  Ih ecrdltcvh1 \f \fn n fr frcd cdnt nthl hlcf cfnd nds s bd bdnd ndrh rhid ids, s, pr prcn cnlc lcpc pcfs fs phrh phrh hilhnzhr un rdsuithef. Nf ds unh nfrjh ecrdlthjdntd hpiclhmid

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  Idyds1 Ih Ihs s nf nfrjh rjhs s ds dslr lrct cths hs qu qud d dj djhn hnhn hn ed ih vf vfiu iunt nthe he ed edii pudm pu dmif if h tr trhv hvãs ãs ed ih ihs s lf lfrtd rtds. s. Ds Dsth ths s nf nfrjh rjhs s sf sfn n hp hprf rfmh mheh ehs s sdbñn di prfldecjcdntf fpfrtunf edscbnhef pfr lheh Dsthef y  sfn pumiclhehs phrh qud hsê pudehn sdr lfnflcehs pfr tfefs ifs lcuehehnfs lcuehe hnfs.. \fn susldptcmi susldptcmids ds ed hpic hpiclhlcü lhlcün n lfdrlctcvh lfdrlctcvh y sfn ih prcnlcphi `udntd qud utciczhn ifs  audlds f èrmctrfs phrh sfivdnthr

f

un pidctf. Ghy vhrcfs tcpfs ed idyds1   Idyds frbènclhs1 \fn nfrjhs qud pdrscbudn ih rdbuihlcün ed edrdlgfs `unehjdnthids f icmdrtheds pñmiclhs.

f

  Idyds frecnhrchs 1 \fn ihs nfrjhs qud scbudn di prfldecjcdntf lfjñn y pudedn sdr sfmrd luhiqucdr jhtdrch.

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  Edlrdtf idy1 Ds unh nfrjh ecltheh pfr di Bfmcdrnf y nf pfr ihs lfrt lf rtd ds

ph phrh rh

ndldscehe.

lc lcrl rlun unst sthn hnl lch chs s

dxl xldp dplc lcf fnh nhiids

ed

urb rbd dnl nlch ch

y 

 

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  ]dbihjdntf1 \u `unlcün ds ih ed edshrrfiihr ihs idyds.

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  Lfstujmrds1 Ds lfnflcef lfjf di edrdlgf lfnsudtuecnhrcf y  ds un unh h `u `udn dntd td su sums msce cech chrc rch h ed ih id idy. y. \d tr trht hth h ed hl hltu tuhl hlcf cfnd nds s rdlurrdntds dn un iubhr edtdrjcnhef.

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  [rcn [rcnlcpcf lcpcfs s bdndr bdndrhids hids edi edrd edrdlgf lgf1 \fn un lfnauntf ed cedhs qud htrcmuydn h ihs nfrjhs y hi scstdjh aurêeclf dn bdndrhi un lhrèltdr ãtclf. \fn `udntds sumscechrchs thntf ed idyds lfjf ed lfstujmrds.

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  Aurcspruednlch1 Dn di lhsf edi edrdlgf lfntcndnthi, ihs sdntdn sdn tdnlch lchs s djh djhnhe nhehs hs ed ifs trcmun trcmunhid hids s nf sfn lfn lfnsce scedrh drhehs ehs `udn `u dntd td ed edii ed edrd rdl lgf gf,, yh qu qud d nf pu pud ded edn n lrd rdhr hr ed edrd rdl lgf gf.. Ih  aurcspruednlch unc`clh efltrcnh y lfijh ihbunhs aurêeclhs pdrf nf bdndrh nfrjhs.

@TDNUD\ EDI ED]DLGF HNBIF\HAÜN F LFJJFN IHR  Hi lf lfnt ntrhr rhrcf cf ed if qu qud d su suld lded ed dn di ed edrd rdlg lgf f lf lfnt ntcn cndn dnth thi, i, ih `udntd `ud ntd prc prcnlc nlcphi phi edi edr edrdlg dlgf f hnb hnbifs ifshaü haün n ds ih aur aurcsp csprue ruednl dnlch. ch. Edmcef h ih `frjh edi scstdjh aurêeclf y su jãtfef cneultcvf, if prcnlcphi sfn ihs sdntdnlchs djhnhehs pfr ifs trcmunhids qud sfn sf n ed fm fmic icbh bhef ef lu lujp jpic icjc jcdn dntf tf pfr pfr ifs ifs trc trcmu munh nhid ids s jd jdnf nfrds rds y  tcdndn lhrèltdr pdrsuhscvf pfr ifs trcmunhids tr cmunhids supdrcfrds. \fn dsths sdntdnlchs ihs qud lfn`frjhn di edrdlgf edi scstdjh hnbifshaün y ihs qud lrdhn di jhrlf aurêeclf.

 

Hun hsê, hedjès ed ih aurcspruednlch lfjf `udntd `unehjdnthi, ihs ihs pr prcn cnl lcphi cphid ds `u `ud dnt ntds ds ed ds dstd td ed edrd rdlg lgf f sf sfn n pf pfrr ür üred edn n ed  adrhrquêh1 

  Aurcspruednlch1 Dsth aurcspruednlch ds lfnflceh lfjf ih lhsd ihw. \cbnc`clh qud unh vdz qud un trcmunhi tfjh unh edlcscün, dsth scdnth prdldedntd y edmd sdr rdspdtheh phrh lhsfs scjcihrds pfr ifs trcmunhids nf puecdnef edsvchrsd ed dsh cntdrprdthlcün.

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  Idyds1 Djhnhehs pfr ihs lfrtds f bfmcdrnf.   Lfstujmrd1 Ih jès rdidvhntd ds ih lfstujmrd jdrlhntci.   Efltrcnh1 Urh rhtthefs ed hmfbhefs y aurcsths ed rdputhef rdlfnflcjcdntf.

 

@TDNUD\ EDI ED]DLGF  Lfnldp Lfn ldptf tf Edn Edntrf trf ed ihs ed` ed`cnc cnclcf lcfnds nds ed `ud `udntd ntd dnlfnt dnlfntrhjf rhjfs s ’[rc ’[ rcnl nlcp cpcf cf,,

frc rcbd bdn, n,

lhu hush sh

ed

hib ibf. f.

Lf Lfna naun untf tf

ed

ph phut uth hs

lfjpudstf pfr vhifrhlcfnds, prcnlcpcfs jfrhids, efltrcnh, dntrd ftrfs? qud edtdrjcnhn ih vfiunthe edi idbcsihefr, lfntrcmuydnef h ehr lfntdncef h ihs nfrjhs aurêeclhs‚. 8 Dn bdndrhi, `udntd ds di prcnlcpcf u frcbdn ed unh lfsh, di iubhr efned nhld f sd prfeuld hibf. Ds di prcnlcpcf, di `unehjdntf, di frcbdn, ih lhush f ih dxpiclhlcün ed unh lfsh. Luhnef ghmihjfs edi frcbdn ed ih nfrjh aurêeclh, ds rd`drcrsd h ifs gdlgfs qud id ehn nhlcjcdntf, h ihs ihs jh jhnc nc`d `dst sthl hlcf cfnd nds s ed ih vf vfiu iunt nthe he gu gujh jhnh nh f h ifs ifs us usfs fs,,

 

thjmcãn h ihs prèltclhs sflchids qud ih bdndrhn, nfs rd`drcjfs edse ed sed d iu iudb dbf, f, hi fr frcb cbdn dn ed edii pr prfp fpcf cf fm fmad adtc tcvf. vf. Ih Ihs s `u `udn dntd tds s ed edii edrdl rdlgf,

sfn

lfnflcehs

pfr

ju jul lgfs

hut utf frd rds s

lfjf1

Ifs

prcnlcpcfs, `unehjdntfs u frcbdn ed ihs nfrjhs aurêeclhs y dn dspdlchi edi edrdlgf pfsctcvf f vcbdntd dn edtdrjcnhef phês f ãpflh. Ihs `udntds edi edrdlgf sfn ifs hltfs f gdlgfs phshefs ed if ifs s qu qud d ed edrc rcvh vh ih lr lrdh dhlc lcün ün,, jf jfec ec`c `clh lhlc lcün ün f dx dxtc tcnl nlcü cün n ed nfrjhs aurêeclhs. Ih tdf tdfrê rêh h ed ih ihs s `u `udn dntd tds s ed edii edr drdl dlgf gf ds dstu tuec ech h ih hp hphr hrcclcü lcün, dihm dihmfr frhl hlcü cün n y dx dxpr prds dscü cün n dn ih sflc sflcde dehe he ed ihs ihs nf nfrj rjhs hs qud qud cntdbrhn cntdb rhn di fredn frednhjcdn hjcdntf tf aurêeclf pfsctcvf. Di prfmi prfmidjh djh ed ihs `udntds edi edrdlgf sd mhsh dn sus ec`drdntds hldplcfnds, dntrd diihs1 h) @ud @udntd ntd edi lfn lfnflc flcjcd jcdntf ntf ed if qud gcstü gcstürcl rclhjd hjdntd ntd ds f gh scef

edrdlgf,

pferêhjfs

dadjpic`clhrif

l fn

hntcbufs

eflujdntfs, lfidllcfnds idbcsihtcvhs, dtl.   m) Lfjf `ud `udrzh rzh lrdhe lrdhefrh frh edi edr edrdlg dlgf, f, lfj lfjf f gdl gdlgf gf ed ih vceh sflc sf lchi hi,, ih nh nhtu turh rhid idzh zh gu gujh jhnh nh,, di sd sdnt ntcj cjcd cdnt ntf f au aurê rêec eclf lf,, ih dlfnfjêh, dtl. l) Hu Hutf tfrc rceh ehe e lr lrdh dhef efrh rh edi edi ed edrd rdlg lgf f gc gcst stür ürcl clf f f hl hltu tuhi hijd jdnt ntd d vcbdntd (Dsthef, pudmif, lfjunceheds, dtl.) e) Hltf Hltf lf lfnl nlrd rdtf tf lr lrdh dhef efrr ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf, f, lf lfjf jf ih idbc idbcsi sihl hlcü cün, n, lfstujmrd, edlcscün aueclchi, dtl.

 

d) @unehjdntf ed ih vhice vhicedz dz aurêeclh ed unh nfrjh lfnlrdth ed edrdlgf.  `) @frjh ed jhnc`dsthrsd ih nfrjh aurêeclh, ds edlcr h trhvãs ed ihs idyds, edlrdtfs, rdbihjdntfs, lfstujmrds, dtl. b) @unehjdntf ed un edrdlgf sumadtcvf.

LIH\C@CLHLCÜN  Tnh Tn h vd vdz z dx dxpi picl clhe hef f di lfnl lfnldp dptf tf ed `u `udn dntd td,, ds nd ndld ldsh shrc rcf f un pdqu pd qudø døf f dsmf dsmfzf zf ed su li lihs hsc` c`cl clhl hlcü cün, n, ih lu luhi hi h trhv trhvãs ãs ed ih gcstfrch edi edrdlgf sd gh ecvcecef dn trds brhneds rhjhs, ds cjpfrthntd rdlhilhr di gdlgf ed qud ed ihs `udntds ed edrdlgf, djhnhn djh nhn ihs nfr nfrjhs jhs qud lfj lfjpfn pfndn dn di fre frednh dnhjcd jcdntf ntf aurêecl aurêeclf f (lfnflcefs

lfjf

ürbhnfs

nfrj rjh htcvfs

f

lfn

`hluith the eds

nfrjhtcvhs) y ifs `hltfrds gcstürclfs qud cnlcedn dn ih lrdhlcün edi edrdlgf. Ed if hntdrcfr sd edsprdned, rdspdltcvhjdntd, ihs < nflcfnds ed `udntds edi edrdlgf dn sdntcef jhtdrchi (`udntds jhtdrchids) y  `udntds edi edrdlgf dn sdntcef `frjhi (`udntds `frjhids).

@TDNUD\ ]DHID\ F JHUD]CHID\ EDI ED]DLGF  \d ednfjcnhn hsê h tfefs ifs `dnüjdnfs qud lfnlurrdn, dn jhyfr f jdnfr jdeceh h ih prfeullcün ed ih nfrjh aurêeclh y  qud edtdrjcnhn dn jhyfr f jdnfr brhef di lfntdncef ed ih jcsjh? thids `dnüjdnfs sfn1 di jdecf bdfbrè`clf, di licjh, ihs rcqudz rcq udzhs hs nhturhi nhturhids, ds, ihs ced cedhs hs pfi pfiêtc êtclhs lhs,, jfr jfrhid hids, s, rdi rdicbc cbcfsh fshs s y 

 

 aurêeclhs edi pudmif, dspdlchijdntd ed ifs idbcsihefrds, iêedrds pfiêtclfs, ecrcbdntds fmrdrfs, djprdshrcfs, aurcsths f audlds, di h`èn ed nfvdeheds f h ih cnvdrsh, di dxldscvf trheclcfnhicsjf y  rutcnh, ih frbhnczhlcün dlfnüjclh, dtl. @udntds `frjhids edi edrdlgf Jfefs f `frjhs h trhvãs ed ifs luhids sd jhnc`cdsth ih nfrjh aurêeclh. \fn ihs `frjhs fmicbhehs  y prdedtdrjcnhntds qud cndiuecmidjdntd edmdn rdvdstcr ifs prdldptfs ed lfneulth dxtdrcfr phrh cjpfndrsd sflchijdntd, dn vcrtue ed ih pftdnlch lfdrlctcvh edi Dsthef. Ihs Ih s `u `udn dntd tds s `frj `frjhi hids ds ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf f jè jès s cj cjpf pfrt rthn hntd tds s sf sfn1 n1 ih lfstujmrd, ih idy, ih aurcspruednlch, ih efltrcnh aurêeclh, di hltf  aurêeclf y di hltf lfrpfrhtcvf. @udntds gcstürclhs \fn eflujdntfs gcstürclfs qud sd rd`cdrdn hi edrdlgf. Dn ih hntcbùdehe dstfs eflujdntfs drhn juy ecvdrsfs (phpcrfs, pdrbhjcnfs, thmiciihs ed hrlciih, dn ihs qud hibunfs pudmifs dsthjphmhn sus idyds y lfntrhtfs)? pfr if qud idbhrfn cjpfrthntds cjpfrt hntds hpfrth hpfrthlcfn lcfnds ds hi edrdlgf edrdlgf hltuhi. hltuhi. ]d`drd ]d`drdnlchi nlchijdntd jdntd ednt ed ntrf rf ed nu nuds dstr trh h id idbc bcsi sihl hlcü cün, n, pf pfed edjf jfs s tf tfjh jhri rihs hs lf lfjf jf ihs ihs `udn `u dntd tds s au aurê rêec eclh lhs s sd sdbñ bñn n su hp hpic iclh lhlc lcün ün dn di tcdj tcdjpf pf.. \d \drè rèn n vcbd vcbdnt ntd ds ihs ihs `u `ud dnt ntds ds pf pfsc sctc tcv vhs hltu hltuhi hids ds qu qud d nf gh ghn n scef scef edrfb rfbhehs pfr ftrh idy f di rdbihjdntf qud nf gh scef sums su mstc tctu tuce cef f pf pfrr ft ftrf rf.. \d \drè rèn n gc gcst stür ürcl clhs hs ih ihs s `u `udn dntd tds s qu qud d gh ghn n pdre pd rece cef f su vc vcbd bdnl nlch ch y sd sc sctñ tñhn hn dn ih gcst gcstfr frch ch ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf f pfsctcvf. pfsct cvf. Ds di lhsf ed ih rdlfre rdlfreheh heh lfjpcihl lfjpcihlcün cün austcnchn austcnchndh, dh, ed ih luhi hrrhnlhn cjpfrthntds cnstctulcfnds aurêeclhs qud sd ghn

 

edshrrfiihef h trhvãs ed ifs scbifs. Ih ec`drdnlch qud dxcstd dntrd ihs ihs `u `udn dntd tds s ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf f y ih ihs s nf nfrj rjhs hs au aurê rêec eclh lhs s ds qu qud d ihs ihs nfrjhs aurêeclhs sfn nfrjhs ed lfneulth qud rdbuihn ih vceh ed ifs gfjmrds lfn jcrhs hi mcdn lfjñn ed ih sflcdehe, dn lhjmcf ihs `udntds `frjhids sfn ihs `frjhs dn qud ihs nfrjhs  aurêeclhs sd jhnc`cdsthn dn ih vceh vceh sflchi. Ftrh Ft rhs s lihs lihsc` c`cl clhl hlcf cfnd nds s ’@u ’@udn dntd tds s ed edic icmd mdrh rheh ehs s ed lr lrdh dhlc lcün ün ed edii edrdlgf y `udntds dspfntèndhs “ Lfjf `udntds edicmdrhehs sd dntcdned unh lfnsdlulcün ed hltfs qud nf sd rdhiczhn lfn ih cntdnlcün ed dsthmidldr nfrjhs, pdrf prfeuldn dsd d`dltf. Ih idy  ds di hrqudtcpf ed ih `frjh edicmdrheh f lfnslcdntd ed lrdhlcün edi edrdlgf. “ Ih `frjh dspfntèndh jès lfjñn ed lrdhlcün ed nfrjhs aurêeclhs ds ih lfstujmrd. @udntds ecrdlths d cnecrdlths edii ed ed edrd rdlg lgf f (d (dst sths hs ñitc ñitcjh jhs s ih ihs s ec ecvc vced ed h su vdz, vdz, dn `u `udn dntd tds s rdlf rd lfnf nflc lceh ehs s y `u `udn dntd tds s ed edid idbh bheh ehs) s).. “ Lf Lfjf jf `u `udn dntd td ecrd ecrdlt lth h sd rdlfnfld h ih idy, `udntd ed edrdlgf ecrdlth pfr nhturhidzh dn tfefs ifs frednhjcdntfs dsththids jfedrnfs. “ Ih lfstujmrd ds un lh lhsf sf tê têpc pclf lf ed `u `udn dntd td cn cnec ecrd rdlt lth, h, ds luhn luhnef ef ih idbc idbcsi sihl hlcü cün n rdlfnfld f hlfbd ihs nfrjhs dihmfrhehs lfnsudtuecnhrchjdntd.  “ Lhsfs têpclfs ed `udntds sdlunehrchs edidbhehs sfn ifs rdbi rd bihj hjdn dntf tfs s y if ifs s hltf hltfs s lf lfnt ntrh rhlt ltuh uhid ids s ld ldid idmr mrhe hefs fs pf pfrr ifs ifs phrtcluihrds, edmcef h qud ih prfeullcün ed ifs rdbihjdntfs y ed ifs lfntrhtfs sd lfn`êh hi pfedr dadlutcvf y h ifs phrtcluihrds, rdsp rd spd dlt ltcv cvh hjd jdnt ntd. d.

“

@u @udn dntd tds s

rd rdlf lfnf nfl lce cehs hs

dnludntrhn tcpc`clhehs lfjf thids‚.

sfn

ihs ihs

qu qud d

sd

 

’[fr ’[ fr `u `udn dntd tds s ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf f gh ed dn dntd tdne nedr drsd sd di lf lfna naun untf tf ed `hltfrds f didjdntfs qud dadrldn cn`iudnlch dn ih `frjuihlcün pfrr ph pf phrt rtd d ed edii au audz dz ed ih ihs s rd rdbi bihs hs dn ih qu qud d dst stè è mhs mhshe heh h su edlcscün? lfn di hbrdbhef ed qud dsth cn`iudnlch pudeh vhrchr edsed hqudiihs `udntds‚. [frr lf [f lfns nscb cbuc ucdn dntd td pf pfrr `u `udn dntd tds s ed edmd mdjf jfs s dn dntd tdne nedr dr tf tfef efs s ifs ifs `hltfrds, ihs lcrlunsthnlchs qud edtdrjcndn ih sdidllcün ed ih dslf ds lfbd bdnl nlch ch ed ih nf nfrjh rjh,, qu qud d sc scrv rvd d ed `u `une nehj hjdn dntf tf hi ür ürbh bhnf nf dnlh dn lhrb rbhe hef f ed rd rdsf sfiv ivdr dr if ifs s pr prfm fmid idjh jhs s qu qud d sd sf sfjd jdtd tdn n h su lfns lf nsce cedr drhl hlcü cün. n. Dn ds dsth th `frj `frjh, h, ih ihs s `u `udn dntd tds s ed edii ed edrd rdlg lgf f sd lihsc`clhn dn < brhneds brupfs1  “ Ihs `udntds tfthijdntd fmadtcvhehs  “ Ihs `udntds phrlchijdntd fmadtcvhehs  “ Ihs `udntds nf fmadtcvhehs. [fr if thntf di lrctdrcf ed lihsc`clhlcün sd rd`cdrd hi brhef ed fmadtcvczhlcün ed ifs `hltfrds qud scrvdn ed mhsd h ih hutfrcehe lfjpdtdntd. Edsed Eds ed ih fma fmadtc dtcvcz vczhlc hlcün ün tft tfthi hi qud dnl dnlfnt fntrhj rhjfs fs dn di edr edrdlg dlgf f idbc idbcsi sihe hef, f, gh ghst sth h di prfl prflde dedn dntd td,, ds ed edlc lcr, r, ifs ifs lr lrct ctdr drcf cfs s qu qud d dnlf dn lfnt ntrh rhjf jfs s dn ih aurc aurcsp sprue ruedn dnlc lch, h, dx dxcs cstd tdn n vh vhrcf rcfs s brh brhef efs s ed fmad fm adtc tcvc vczh zhlc lcün ün.. Hi Hibu bunh nhs s vd vdld lds s ih ihs s `u `udn dntd tds s ds dstè tèn n yh eh eheh ehs s ed hntdjhnf, lfjf pfr dadjpif di lhsf edi edrdlgf idbcsihef.

 

@udntd @ud ntds s edi edr edrdlg dlgf f rdl rdlfnf fnflce lcehs hs dn di fre frednh dnhjcd jcdntf ntf aurê aurêecl eclf f buhtdjhitdlf Ih Idy edi Frbhncsjf Aueclchi ds ih ñnclh idy qud lfntdjpih ihs `udntds edi edrdlgf, rdbuihnef dn su Hrtêluif = qud1 qu d1 ’… ’…Ih Ih idy ds ih `u `udn dntd td ed edii fr fred ednh nhjc jcd dnt ntf f au aurê rêec eclf lf.. Ih  aurcspruednlch, ih lfjpidjdnthrè.‚ Eclgf ludrpf nfrjhtcvf, rdbu rd buih ih unh unh cn cntd tdbr brhl hlcü cün n ed ih Idy Idy lfn lfn ih cn cntd tdrp rprdt rdthl hlcü cün n qud qud edmhn ehrid ifs jhbcstrhefs, rdhiczhnef hsê if qud sd lfnfld lfjf efltrcnh idbhi, eclgh efltrcnh sdrêh un hpfrtd juy vhicfsf sc `u `udr drh h hs hsêê lf lfns nsce cedr drhe heh, h, ed edmc mcef ef h qu qud d un unh h ed edlc lcsc scün ün sf sfmr mrd d sctu sctuhl hlcf cfnd nds s qu qud d nf ds dstè tèn n pi pidn dnhj hjdn dntd td lf lfnt ntdj djpi pihe hehs hs pf pfer erêh êh hpfr hp frth thrr cn cncl clch chtc tcvh vhs s ed Id Idy y

hi Lf Lfnb nbrd rdsf sf ed ih ]d ]dpñ pñmi micl clh, h,

mhsènefsd dn sctuhlcfnds `èltclhs qud ndldscthn sdr rdbuihehs. Edntrf

ed

ih

idbcsihlcün

buhtdjhitdlh,

dstè

rdbuiheh

ñnclhjdntd ih idy lfjf `udntd edi edrdlgf? scn djmhrbf, lfjf un lfjpidjdntf tcpc`clh h ih aurcspruednlch y h ih lfstujmrd.

 

IDBC\IHLCÜN F IDS  Odisdn ñnclh `udntd `frj rjh hi edi Edrd rdl lgf1 ih idy.

  \c ih

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lfst lf stuj ujmr mrd, d, di `hii `hiif f au auec ecl lch chii f ih ef eflt ltrc rcnh nh fm fmic icb bh y tcd tcdnd ndn n pfsctcvcehe y vcbdnlch ds pfrqud ghy unh idy qud hsê if prdvã f hutfrczh. Idbc bcsi sihl hlcü cün… n… di pr prfl flds dsf f pf pfrr di lu luhi hi un unf f f Bhrl Bh rlêh êh Jhyn Jhyndz dz Id vhrcfs ürbhnfs edi Dsthef `frjuihn y prfjuibhn edtdrjcnhehs rdbihs aurêeclhs ed fmsdrvhnlch bdndrhi h ihs qud sd ids eh di nfjm nf jmrd rd dspd dspdlê lê`c `clf lf ed id idyd yds… s…

  Ih idy ds un prfeultf ed ih

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idbcsihlcün, ds di rdsuithef ed ih hltcvcehe idbcsihtcvh.

JFEHICEHED\ ED IH LF\UTJM]D  \uluneuj Idbdj1 \u lfntdncef nfrjhtcvf lfcnlced lfn ih idy. Dadjpif, di lfjprhefr phbh bhstfs. 87=5 l.l.  [rhdtdr Idbdj1 Dsth lfstujmrd sd hpiclh luhnef ghy un vhlêf

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u fjcscün dn di tdxtf ed unh idy. Lumrd ihs ihbunhs ed idy. (Dxldplcün dn di Edrdlgf [dnhi y   Urcmuthrcf). Didjdntfs phrh qud dxcsth1 Cnvdtdrhth lfnsudtuef (rdpdtclcün ed ih lfn fneu eul lth th)) y ih fpcnc pcncf f aur urcs cs (lfn lfnvcl vcllcü lcün ed qu qud d ds un unh h lfneulth fmicbhtfrch y qud edmd fmsdrvhrsd.

 

*[rhltclh rdctdrheh y lfnsthntd.   Lfntrh Idbdj1 Lfstujmrd edrfbhtfrch qud prdtdned nfrjhr

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dn sdntcef lfntrhrcf h if qud ecld ih idy.

LF\UTJM]D S T\F  Lfstujmrd y Tsf Di usf ds unh jfehicehe ed ih lfstujmrd lfn ih ec`drdnlch ed qud dstd sd eh phrtcluihrjdntd dn ih hltcvcehe lfntrhltuhi, dspdlchijdntd jdrlhntci.   Ih ec`drdnlch lfn ih lfstujmrd ds qud ghy rdpdtclcün ed ih

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lfneulth jès nf ih lfnvcllcün ed ihs pdrsfnhs .     \u `u `une nehj hjd dnt ntf f nf ds dstè tè dn di Lü Lüe ecbf cbf ed Lfjd Lfjdrl rlccf ed Buhtdjhih scnf dn di Lüecbf Lcvci. Hrt. 8433.

IH AT]C\[]TEDNLCH  AT]C\[]TEDNLCH    ’Lfn ’Lfnau aunt ntf f ed pr prcn cnlc lcpc pcfs fs y ef eflt ltrc rcnh nhs s lf lfnt ntdn dnce cehs hs dn ihs ihs

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edlcscfnds ed ifs trcmunhids.‚ Bhrlêh Jhyndz.  ’…Lfnauntf ed sdntdnlchs qud edtdrjcnhn un lrctdrcf hldrlh

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ed un prfmidjh aurêeclf fjctcef u fslurf ed ifs tdxtfs pfsctcvfs f dn ftrhs `udntds edi Edrdlgf…‚. Buciidrjf Lhmhndiihs. Jhnudi

Fssfrcf

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dntcdned

pfr

aurcspruednlch

ih

cntdrprdthlcün qud ed ih idy ghldn ifs trcmunhids phrh hpiclhrih h ifs lhsfs sfjdtcefs h su aurcsecllcün. … dstè `frjheh pfr di

 

lfnaun lfn auntf tf ed sdn sdntdn tdnlch lchs s ecl eclthe thehs hs pfr ifs jcd jcdjmrf jmrfs s edi [fe [fedr dr  Aueclchi sfmrd unh jhtdrch edtdrjcnheh. \cn djmhrbf, dn hibunfs phêsds qud ludnthn lfn trcmunhids ed lhshlcün, lfjf Buhtdjhih, sd lfnscedrh qud nf tfefs ifs `hiifs  aueclchids scdnthn aurcspruednlch, scnf ñnclhjdntd ifs ed eclgfs trcmunhids ed lhshlcün, qud lfnstctuydn ih jès hith adrhrquêh ednt ed ntrf rf ed ih frbhn rbhncz czhl hlcü cün n au auec eclc lch hi, y lu luyh yh efl efltrcn trcnh h ds ed fmic fm icbh bhtf tfrc rcf f hl hlht hthj hjcd cdnt ntf f ph phrh rh tf tfef efs s ifs ifs au audl dlds ds y trc trcmu munh nhid ids s sfjdtcefs h su aurcsecllcün.

Er. ]dnã Hrturf Pciidbhs Pciidbhs Ihrh sfstcdnd qud1 ’di scbnc`clhef scbnc`clhef qud lfn

rdihlcün

hi

tdjh

edmdjfs

ehrid

_h

ih

phihmrh

 AurcspruednlchZ, ds di ed efltrcnh idbhi dsthmidlceh pfr un trcmunhi `hluithef phrh diif, qud dn nudstrf scstdjh if sfn ih Lfrtd \uprdjh ed Austclch y ih Lfrtd ed Lfnstctulcfnhicehe. _…Z ih aurcspruednlch dn Buhtdjhih, lfjf `udntd ed Edrdlgf, süif sd pr prfe feul uld d dn if ifs s trcm trcmun unhi hids ds qu qud d fl flup uphn hn ih lñ lñsp spce ced d ed ih  adrhrquêh ed ifs trcmunhids (…). Dn ifs trcmunhids jdnfrds1 \hih \h ihs s ed ih Lf Lfrt rtd d ed Hp Hpdi dih hlc lcf fnd nds s, Ur Urcm cmun unhi hids ds ed [r [rccjdrh jdrh Cnsthnlch y ed [hz, nf sd prfeuld aurcspruednlch lfn lhrèltdr ed efltrcnh idbhi‚.

 

EFLU]CNH IDBHI   Idy ed Hjphrf, Dxgcmclcün [drsfnhi y ed Lfnstctulcfnhicehe  Hrtêluif 5