Las Empresas y La Oferta de Bienes

 

NJ[ OHYSO[J[ P NJ GBOS\J LO C@OAO[. Oa osto kjpètung vorohgs nj loagh`ajlj togrèj lo nj onokk`ûa lo nj ohprosj, koatrjalg on jaên`s`s oa nj lok`s`ûa quo tghj osto jdoato okgaûh`kg j nj egrj lo lok`l`r quà kjat`ljl lo c`oaos prgluk`r pjrj voalor oa on horkjlg (nj gbortj lov`o lo v`oao aos). s). Ygsto Ygstordj rdjro rohgs hgs pjrj pjrj gtrgs gtrgs kjpè kjpètun tungs gs on jaên` jaên`s` s`s s lo ngs ngs bjktgr bjktgros os pr prglu glukt` kt`vgs vgs j ut`n`z ut`n`zjr jr oa nj prglu prglukk kk`ûa `ûa,, js jsèè kghg kghg nj lok`s lok`s`ûa `ûa lo quà quà c`oao c`oaos s prgluk`r. Nj kgaluktj rjk`gajn hjx`h`zjl grj

Nj togrèj aogknês`kj supgao quo on gcmot`vg quo porsodu`rê kjlj ohprosj ostê jsgk`jlg j nj gctoak`ûa lo coaob`k`gs j trjvàs lo nj voatj lo ngs c`oaos y sorv`k`gs prgluk`lgs. prgluk` lgs. Lo ostj bgrhj jpjroko jpjroko uaj vjr`jcno okgaûh`kj suhjhoato ronovjato pjrj nj tghj lo lok`s`gaos lo nj ohprosj= sus coaob`k`gs. [`a ohcjrdg, ag locohgs loskgagkor quo tjhc`àa ox`stoa gtrgs onohoatgs j kgas`lorjr pgrrjs ohprosjs ohpros js,, tj tjnos nos kghg kghg nj tokag tokagngd ngdèj èj lo prgl prglukk ukk`ûa `ûa,, ngs ngs bjktg bjktgros ros prgl prglukt ukt`v `vgs gs (trjcjmg, kjp`tjn, otk.) y sus kgstgs (sjnjr`g, prok`g lon kjp`tjn, otk.).  Jlohês, ngs aogknês`kgs aogknês`kgs pnjatoja quonjs ohprosjs jpn`kjrêa ua kr`tor`g rjk`gajn, jsgk`jalg onng j ua prgcnohj lo kjrêktor hjtohêt`kg= „hjx`h`zjr‘ nj gctoak`ûa lo coaob`k`gs sumotg j njs rostr`kk`gaos quo oabroatj nj ohprosj(su tokagngdèj lo prglukk`ûa y ngs prok`gs lo ngs `asuhgs g bjktgros prglukt`vgs) °.Os lo lostjkjr  quo qu o ostj ostj kg kgal aluk uktj tj rjk` rjk`ga gajl jlno no nj ohpr ohpros osj, j, jsgk jsgk`j `jlj lj j nj hjx` hjx`h` h`zj zjk` k`ûa ûa lo coaob`k`gs, pglrèj ag sor nj ýa`kj quo jlgptja ostgs jdoatos okgaûh`kgs, y lo eokeg ej s`lg broato lo vjr`js krèt`kjs. Ygr omohpng, pglrèjhgs toaor ohprosjs kuyg gcmot`vg ag soj gctoaor ngs hêx`hgs coaob`k`gs s`a gnjs hêx`hjs voatjs, kghg bgrhj lo juhoatjr su pjrt`k`pjk`ûa oa on horkjlg. \jhc`àa ejy qu`oaos pnjatoja quo on gcmot`vg lo jnduajs ohprosjs os hjx`h`zjr  nj prgcjc`n`ljl lo suporv`voak`j oa on horkjlg. Jsgk`jlg Jsgk`jlg j ostg pglohgs poasjr  oa ohpr ohpros osjs js quo quo cusk cuskja ja hjat hjatoa oaor or oa on t`oh t`ohpg pg nj trjl trjl`k `k`û `ûa a bjh` bjh`n` n`jr jr lo nj ohprosj. Gtrjs pglrèja toaor kghg hotj nj prglukk`ûa lo c`oaos lo kjn`ljl. \jhc`àa ox`stoa bjktgros prgp`gs lon sor euhjag y lo su kghpnom`ljl quo j hoaulg `hp`loa jktujr lo ostj bgrhj tja rjk`gajn, pgr omohpng, toa`oalg orrgros, orrgros, `akgeoroak`js `akgeoro ak`js g hjngsg lo nj `abgrhjk`ûa `abgrhjk`ûa j nj egrj lo tghjr lok`s`gaos, lok`s`gaos, toa`oalg

 

kgalu kgaluktj ktjs s jb jbokt okt`v `vjs js `hpuns `hpuns`v `vjs js quo quo puol puoloa oa jnomjr jnomjrso so lo nj hjx`h` hjx`h`zj zjk`û k`ûa a lo coaob`k`gs, jsè kghg tjhc`àa, kgaluktjs jntru`stjs g los`atorosjljs quo puoloa ostjr prosoatos j jegrj lo nj lok`s`ûa lo nj ohprosj. @aknusg pglrèjhgs poasjr  quo ngs doroatos y trjcjmjlgros lo uaj ohprosj cusquoa gcmot`vgs l`boroatos jn lo sus luoúgs, yjquà nj hjx`h`zjk`ûa lo coaob`k`gs jnulo pr`ak`pjnhoato, y j pr`gr`, j ostgs ýnt`hgs. Yoso j toaor oa kuoatj quo oa nj rojn`ljl puoloa kgox`st`r  l`boroatos t`pgs lo kgaluktjs ohprosjr`jnos, nj rjk`gajn hjx`h`zjl egrj lo nj togrèj tog rèj aogk aogknês nês`kj `kj rosunt rosuntj j ua supu supuost ostg g quo quo jpn`k jpn`kj j j cuoa cuoaj j pjrto pjrto lon lon hualg hualg ohprosjr`jn, hgt`vg pgr on kujn prgsodu`rohgs trjcjmjalg kga àn. Lgs prok`s`g prok`s`gaos aos locoroh locorohgs gs toaor toaor oakuoa oakuoatrj trj jatos jatos lo sodu`r sodu`r jvjazj jvjazjalg. alg. Nj pr`horj os quo nj lok`s`ûa y ngs ljtgs ut`n`zjlgs rob`oroa j ua porèglg lo t`ohpg kgakrotg6 pgr omohpng, j ua hos (gl`j, sohjaj, júg, otk.) oa lgalo nj ohprosj lob`ao lob` ao quà kjat`lj kjat`ljl l lo c`oaos c`oaos prgluk` prgluk`rê rê lurjato lurjato oso porèglg, porèglg, kgas`lor kgas`lorjalg jalgs s tokagngdèj lo prglukk`ûa l`spga`cno, ngs prok`gs v`doatos lo ngs c`oaos y lo ngs `asuhgs. Nj sodualj rob`oro j quo on oabgquo aogknês`kg aogknês`kg pnjatoj jajn`zjr pr`horg kûhg tghj sus lok`s`gaos uaj ohprosj `al`v`lujn roprosoatjt`vj lon kgamuatg, pjrj nuodg nnodjr jn jdrodjlg lo tgljs njs ohprosjs. Ygr jegrj, jsuh`rohgs quo jnduajs vjr`jcnos (tokagngdèj lo prglukk`ûa, prok`gs lo ngs c`oaos y lo ngs `asuhgs) ostês ljljs. Ostg `hpn`kj quo, oa ostgpjrto lo nj togrèj aogknês`kj, ag ags progkupjrohgs pgr vor kûhg nj ohprosj lotorh`aj su tokagngdèj lo prglukk`ûa, jlohês lo quo kgas`lorjrohgs quo os tghjlgrj lo prok`gs (tjhc`àa loagh`ajlg prok`g jkoptjato), g soj, ag t`oao pglor lo `ak`l`r oa nj lotorh`ajk`ûa lo ngs prok`gs lo ngs c`oaos quo voalo, a` lo ngs `asuhgs quokghprj. ³ Yjrj Yjr j os ostul tul`jr `jr nj lok`s` lok`s`ûa ûa quo tghj tghj nj ohpros ohprosj j loco locoroh rohgs gs jajn` jajn`zj zjrr kûhg kûhg so kgabgrhja ngs coaob`k`gs y sus lotorh`ajatos. Ngs coaob`k`gs lo uaj ohprosj

On hgatg tgtjn lo coaob`k`gs quo gct`oao uaj ohprosj ngs pglohgs rosuh`r j nj l`boroak`j l`boroak `j oatro on hgatg tgtjn lo `adrosgs quo rok`co y on hgatg tgtjn lo kgstjsoa quo loco `akurr`r pjrj prgluk`rngs y voalorngs oa on horkjlg, quo roprosoatjhgs kga nj s`du`oato okujk`ûa=

 

C\ 8 P\ - K\ Yrgbual`kohgs jegrj oa jnduags jspoktgs robor`lgs j ngs `adrosgs y kgstgs lo njs ohprosjs, pjrj nuodg ut`n`zjrngs pjrj jajn`zjr nj onokk`ûa lo nj ohprosj. Ngs `adrosgs lo uaj ohprosj

Ngs `adrosgs quo gct`oaoa njs ohprosjs ngs n`h`tjrohgs j jquonngs quo rok`co pgr  nj voatj lo ngs c`oaos prgluk`lgs. [` c`oa ejy ohprosjs quo gct`oaoa `adrosgs pgr gtrgs hgt`vgs (pgr omohpng, `atorosos n`djlgs j nj gporjt`vj b`ajak`orj lo nj ohprosj, nj voatj lo jndýa voeèkung g pjrto lon hgc`n`jr`g), doaorjnhoato àstgs sga jl`k`gajnos g kghpnohoatjr`gs jn `adrosg pgr voatjs6 hgt`vg pgr on kujn ags koatrjrohgs oajsto ýnt`hg. _a supuostg quo jlgptjrohgs os quo tglj nj prglukk`ûa sorê voal`lj y pgrrg tjatg doaorjrê `adrosgs. Ostg agson`tj toaor quo `akurr`r jegrj oa on jaên`s`s lo vjr`jk vjr `jk`g `gaos aos lo stgkf stgkf g `avo `avoat atjr` jr`g g loc`lj loc`ljs s j quo quo ag so ngdrj ngdrj voalor voalor tglj tglj nj prglukk`ûa oa on porèglg lo jaên`s`s quo ostohgs kgas`lorjalg, toa`oalg quo v`akunjr jlohês on jaên`s`s tohpgrjn quo quorohgs ov`tjr oa ostj `astjak`j. Oatgakos, on hgatg lo `adrosgs tgtjnos quo rok`co uaj ohprosj ng gctoaohgs kga on prgluktg lon prok`g lo voatj y njs kjat`ljlos prgluk`ljs= P\ 8 Y * Z Yjrj kghproalor homgr jnduajs `lojs jajn`zjrohgs ngs `adrosgs lo uaj ohprosj kghpot`t kghp ot`t`vj, `vj, pgstord pgstordjal jalg g pjrj gtrgs gtrgs kjpètun kjpètungs gs on jaê jaên`s` n`s`s s lo gtrjs gtrjs ostrukt ostrukturjs urjso o horkjlg, kghg pgr omàhpnjnj hgagpûn`kj. J hol`lj quo nj ohprosj juhoato nj prglukk`ûa, sus `adrosgs krokorêa6 y, jlohês, ng ejrêa j uaj tjsj kgastjato, ljlg quo ostjhgs jsuh`oalg quo on prok`g ostê ljlg pgr on horkjlg (supuostg lo quo ostjhgs jajn`zjalg uaj ohprosj kghpot`t`vj). Rojhgs ua omohpng= s` on prok`g lo voatj os Cs.