LAS DROGAS

SANDRA GUISADO Lázaro ISABEL TERCERO CABALLERO

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ÍNDICE ÍNDI CE 1. I NTRODUCCIÓN

2. C 3. R 4. F 5.

ONCEPTOS GENERALES

IESGOS GENERALES

ACTORES DE RIESGO

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INTRODUCCIÓN

E

l consumo y dependencia de drogas ilegales afecta a una población relativamente baja. Sus

consecuencias sociales y sanitarias comportan una gran importancia. El Cannabis es la droga ilegal más consumida en España seguida de la cocaína aunque en los últimos años su consumo ha incrementado un gran uso. Las drogas de síntesis también han incrementado su uso. El consumo de heroína se ha estabilizado e incluso incluso con tendencia tendencia descendente. El consumo excesivo excesivo de bebidas alcohólicas y la dependencia del alcohol, constituyó principalmente problemas sanitarios y sociales.

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CONCEPTOS GENERALES DROGA DROGADICCIÓN

ADICCIÓN

DEPENDENCIA TOLERANCIA

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Desde un punto de vista estrictamente científico es un fármaco, es decir, un producto químico empleado en el tratamiento o prevención de enfermedades. Los fármacos pueden elaborarse a partir de plantas, minerales, animales, o mediante síntesis.

Toda sustancia terapéutica o no que introducida en nuestro organismo es capaz de actuar en el sistema nervioso central del individuo hasta provocar en él una alteración física o intelectual.

Desde el punto de vista social, las drogas son sustancias prohibidas, nocivas

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interacción de un organismo vivo y una droga caracterizado por un conjunto de respuestas comportamentales que incluyen compulsión a consumir en forma continuada, con el fin de experimentar los efectos psíquicos o en ocasiones evitar sensación desagradable de su falta.

Se considera una enfermedad cuando: 1. Se necesita un



CRITERIOS PARA DELIMITAR LA DROGODEPENDENCIA. • Pérdida de control sobre el uso de la droga. • Evidencia subjetiva de compulsión respecto al uso de esa sustancia durante los intentos de abandonar el consumo. • Hábito de consumo relativamente estereotipado. • Evidencia de neuroadaptación con fenómeno de tolerancia y dependencia. • Necesidad de consumir para aliviar o evitar síntomas de abstinencia. • Predominio de búsqueda de droga

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CONDICIONES QUE DEBE DE CUMPLIR TODA ADICCIÓN. -Impulso incontrolable. -Reiteración. -Implicación nociva para el sujeto .

Pérdida de libertad ante un deseo que se manifiesta no solo en la incapacidad de eliminarlo sino en la de resistirse a él y controlarlo.. controlarlo Adicción

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DEPENDENCIA Pauta de comportamiento donde se da prioridad al uso de sustancias psícoactiva frente a otras conductas consideradas anteriormente más importantes. Se

PÍSIQUICA Es la compulsión a consumir  periódicamente la droga o sustancia para conseguir estado efectivo positivo o bien liberarse de un estado

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TOLERANCIA.

Es el proceso que permite al organismo admitir  progresivamente una mayor  cantidad de droga. Se caracteriza por una disminución general del efecto de la sustancia con la Es el conjunto de síntomas misma dosis, de manera que el psíquicos y físicos que aparecen al consumidor debe elevar la dosis retirar o disminuir el consumo de o aumentar la frecuencia para

SÍNDROME DE ABSTINENCIA.

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DESINTOXICACIÓN Proceso _  _de de _  _autorregulacio autorregulacio o de vuelta a la normalidad del organismo tras supresión del consumo de una droga. Suele durar entre 1-3 semanas y actúa liberando al sujeto de la dependencia física. Requiere

AGONISTA Droga que actúa como neurotransmisor  de los impulsos nerviosos.

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iesgos generales Riesgos sociales.

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Riesgos psicológicos.

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FACTORES DE RIESGOS DE TIPO personal

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